Treatment of milk protein allergy in infants. What to do during an allergy exacerbation? Pseudoallergy

One of the types negative reactions immunity is considered an allergy to milk in a child. Children are more susceptible to the disease younger age. This is a serious disease that can cause allergies in children older than 1 year to the consumption of cow's and goat's milk.

Appeals to doctors about this have become more frequent. This disease is diagnosed in 5% of children, since milk protein is a fairly common food allergen.

It is necessary to distinguish between an allergy to cow protein and its intolerance. In the first case, the body sees it as a foreign element and begins to defend itself, and in the second case, the problem is the poor digestibility of dairy products. Reaction in children to protein cow's milk manifests itself in skin rashes on the face, disorders of the digestive and respiratory systems.

Skin symptoms:

• peeling of the skin;
• the appearance of a milk scab, eczema;
• feeling of itching;
• rash (urticaria);
• large red spots on the surfaces of the skin of the face, chest -;
• rapidly increasing swelling in the neck and head area - Quincke's edema.

With regard to digestive disorders, an allergy to cow's milk in children is manifested by:

• intestinal disorders - colic, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence;
• pain in the abdomen;
• nausea, vomiting.

The airways are responsive cow protein:

• nasal congestion;
• cough;
• labored, wheezing breathing;
• runny nose;
• wheezing.

All these reactions occur immediately when the protein enters the child's body and appear both individually and in combination. A delayed reaction may be diarrhea or itching of the skin, which will appear after a few days.

Attention should be paid to such alarming symptoms as Quincke's edema and a rash, which spreads rapidly. Such conditions are life threatening and require urgent medical attention.

Another factor that causes parents to fear for the health and life of the baby is the presence of barking cough, dry wheezing, wheezing. Need medical help.

Allergy to milk in a child is manifested in early age often up to a year. At proper treatment it disappears by about 5 years, and only occasionally persists for life.

If the disease does not go away by this age, problems with the transition of allergies to other forms of the disease, especially dangerous ones, are not ruled out.

Allergy to goat milk in children it is much less common. Its features include:

• rash, skin eczema;
• inflammation of the eyes, nasal mucosa;
• itching in oral cavity(a rare event);
• hard breath.

The specific taste and smell that goat's milk has causes rejection in many children; it is difficult to feed food based on it. Experts believe that the body feels that this product can become a potential allergen, so you should not feed your child with food containing such milk if he refuses. Cause of goat milk allergy hereditary factor, weak immunity of the child.

Diagnostics

The correct diagnosis of an allergy to cow's or goat's milk can only be made complex method. The clinical picture of the disease is compiled by a pediatrician after a visual examination of the child. Attention is drawn to the presence in the anamnesis of parents of such an allergy.

After a full study, in the evaluation external manifestations allergies, the presence of concomitant diseases (chronic bowel problems, atopic dermatitis, anemia, etc.), the doctor prescribes a series of tests for the patient - urine, feces, blood, prick test skin tests, which will help to exclude similar diseases. Of particular importance is a blood test for allergy tests, which allows to detect immunoglobulin E to cow's milk protein.

Often, milk allergy is diagnosed by exclusion, when dairy products are temporarily removed from the child's menu. If, after the start of their use, the symptoms of this disease reappear, then the test is considered positive, indicating the presence of an allergy to milk protein.

Treatment

The treatment consists primarily in the use of sorbents that remove allergens. They circulate throughout the body, causing an allergic reaction in any of the organs. Treatment depends on where the negative reaction occurs.

Gastrointestinal system

Children after a year often complain of short-term, but recurring pain in the navel area if they continue to be fed dairy products. Worried about bowel problems. The lack of bifidobacteria leads to. Treatment of all problems of the gastrointestinal tract is carried out with the help of probiotics. Doctors recommend temporarily replacing milk in the children's diet with dairy products.

Skin lesions

• Milk scab (gneiss) . The appearance of lesions in the form of a crust on the head indicates the beginning of problems in the child's body. Treated with herbal or vaseline oil, lubricating the head, followed by combing out with a comb.
• Atopic dermatitis. It is a plaque covered with scales. Formed with inside elbows, below the knees. The child experiences severe itching, the rash gets wet periodically. Treatment with moisturizing ointments, creams with zinc. In case of exacerbation, they are prescribed antihistamines, enzymes.
• Hives. Acts as an allergic reaction. The blisters appear itchy and desire to scratch. They look like nettle burn. Treated with antihistamines.
• Quincke's edema. Acute reaction to milk intake. The mucous membranes of the mouth, eyes, lips swell, there is no itching. There is a high probability of asphyxia with laryngeal edema. Required urgent care physicians, the use of hormonal agents.

Respiratory system

With milk allergy, the respiratory organs are affected less frequently. May appear allergic rhinitis. Dangerous development of laryngospasm, which is indicated by wheezing, shortness of breath. The child may suffocate if not given immediate medical attention. Sometimes allergies lead to bronchial asthma, the treatment of which will be prescribed by a specialist.

In any case, the reaction to cow's milk protein should be eliminated. professional doctors, self-medication is unacceptable.

Nutrition Features

Although in most children the allergy to dairy products disappears by 3-5 years with the development of immune and enzymatic systems, some have to follow a diet before all manifestations of the disease disappear. Recommendations on how to feed a sick child and what should be excluded from his diet are given by a specialist.

Only a doctor can determine the allergen, given its hidden presence in the composition of other products and the presence of cross-allergy. According to medical statistics, children with allergies to cow protein and dairy products in 90% of cases have the same reaction to goat milk.

There are vegetable types of milk - soy, rice, oatmeal, which can replace milk from animals. This diet will children's menu more varied and useful. If there is no allergy to goat's milk, then you can replace the usual cow's milk with it, give your child water or feed it with cereals prepared on its basis.

Goat milk is also added to tea for better absorption. It is recommended to stick to a diet for about 1-2 years, during which the formation of immune system, and the child simply "outgrows" this type of allergy.

A good substitute for any milk can be sour-milk products, not allergic. In the process of fermentation, the protein will break down into simple amino acids, which are much better digested, leaving virtually no allergens.

The child can be given kefir, yogurt, which can be based on cow or goat milk. They usually do not cause gastrointestinal upset. Selection proper diet guaranteed to improve the patient's condition and the outcome of the disease.

Skin care during an exacerbation

The main concern with milk allergy is skin damage, especially atopic dermatitis, in which moisture is lost in it, the skin becomes dry with microcracks, itching, and its protective properties are lost. That's why it's important to ensure proper care behind the skin.

There is a misconception that children should not be bathed during an exacerbation of allergies. On the contrary, they require daily bathing to cleanse and moisturize the skin. It is better to bathe in a bath for at least 20 minutes, so that the stratum corneum of the skin has time to be saturated with water.

It should be settled, warm, about 35 ° C. You can not use washcloths, and after bathing, do not wipe the body strongly, just get it slightly wet. For such patients, special detergents with anti-inflammatory action.

An important point in skin care is its moisturizing to restore disturbed protective properties. Usage modern means for care atopic skin helps to slightly compensate for the defects of the epidermis.

Under the direction of pediatrician you can choose the most effective means, which will help suppress allergic inflammation. Skin treatment will require long periods of time, the attention of parents, the active help of doctors.

Causes of milk allergy

The main problem of allergies is the immaturity of the gastrointestinal tract, the weakness of the child's immune system. In most cases, the reaction is caused by cow's milk, occasionally - goat's, sheep's. The main cause of an allergy to milk is the presence of casein in it - a protein that settles in the form of a curd formation when milk coagulates. The immune system interprets casein as foreign body, starting to produce antibodies, which leads to an allergy to the protein.

A direct connection between childhood milk allergy and a history of parental negative reaction to protein has also been established. If one of the parents had this kind of allergy in childhood, then the probability of a problem in a child will be 30%. Both parents with this disease increase the chance of a baby having an overreaction to milk by up to 80%.

But an allergy can be in a child with healthy parents. The disease is called malnutrition with weak immunity. Negative influence bad ecology in the child's place of residence can have a negative impact on the child's body. Allergies are sometimes provoked by the presence of antibiotics in the milk of a pet.

Sour-milk products - various curds, kefir, cheese rarely cause allergies. The reason for it is individual intolerance, weakened immunity. Most often, it manifests itself due to additives in these products. Be careful when buying them baby food, additives can be aggressive.

What diseases can be confused with milk allergy

Most often, cow's milk allergy is confused with lactase deficiency, which is birth defect enzymatic digestive system. It is typical for him underproduction in the intestines of the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of milk sugar.

A child with such a problem creates intolerance to any milk. Both diseases have similar symptoms, manifested in diarrhea, colic, flatulence.

You can distinguish them by conducting a test for lactase deficiency, which for a child of the age of one year consists in excluding dairy products from the menu. If there are no symptoms in the coming days, then this means that they are not allergic to protein.

Gastrointestinal allergies to milk often resemble reactions to other foods or intestinal infections. With severe symptoms of diseases of the upper respiratory systems (runny nose, bronchitis), a milk allergy in a child can also be perceived as a consequence of these diseases, so it is important to distinguish them.

An allergy to any kind of milk, subject to a diet, most often ends at an early age - by the age of 5, which is explained by the development of the child's digestive system by this age. Only in 15% of children, often with other allergic reactions, the disease persists.

Scientists conducted an experiment related to milk allergy. Giving the child an increasing portion of milk every day, they noticed a decrease in skin manifestations. And they concluded that such training of the immune system will gradually get rid of the disease.

The difference between milk allergy and lactose intolerance

Answers

Elena Petrovna 29 401 views

Allergy to cow's milk protein occurs in many children. Despite the fact that few people doubt the benefits of natural cow's milk and dairy products, not everyone knows that such food can cause completely undesirable reactions.

In infants, an allergy to cow's milk protein may occur - a reaction that characterizes different symptoms and complicating the selection of new complementary foods.

It is worth reassuring the parents of babies - an allergic reaction to milk most often persists during the first years of life, by about 5 years in 90% of children this disease completely disappears.

Despite this fact, the disease requires careful diagnosis and identification of concomitant ailments, the impact of which can aggravate the course. allergic reaction.

The composition of cow's milk includes about 20 different proteins, the bulk are caseins, a smaller percentage is whey proteins.

Allergy to cow's milk protein most often develops immediately for several of its types, in about 9% of these babies a specific reaction is also detected.

But in this case, it is much easier to prevent the development of symptoms - with heat treatment meat protein loses its aggressiveness. The protein contained in dairy products remains active even after boiling.

There are several precipitating factors, in the presence of which the introduction of products based on milk for the first time in some cases leads to the development of an allergy to the protein contained in them.

Heredity

The cause of an allergy to CMP may be a hereditary genetic predisposition to allergic reactions. It does not have to be a food intolerance, the child's relatives may have bronchial asthma, hay fever.

Quick jump from breastfeeding to artificial - the baby's body is not able to properly respond to a new component of food.

Therefore, it is always necessary to ensure a smooth transition by replacing one breastfeed with natural cow's milk or an adapted formula from the pack.

READ ON THE TOPIC: in case of allergic reactions to cow's milk protein.

Improper preparation of artificial mixture

The cooking technology is accurately painted on packages with any food, mothers must definitely follow it.

stressful situations

Transferring a baby to cow's milk formula stressful situations. For a child, such stress can be preventive vaccinations, respiratory and colds, hot weather, intestinal dysbacteriosis.

Postponing the introduction of dairy products is especially necessary if the baby has signs of allergy to other irritants.

Allergy to the protein contained in cow's milk is less likely to occur as the body matures, so do not rush to give your child this product.

Ensures no severe reactions and the gradual introduction of milk into complementary foods, with a hereditary predisposition, this is the only right decision when using any new product.

Lactase

The development of an allergic reaction to cow's milk protein must be differentiated from a disease in which a deficiency of a particular lactase enzyme is detected or its production is reduced.

Lactase is involved in the breakdown of milk sugar into glucose and galactose, in the absence of this, digestive disorders appear, the child gains weight poorly, and in severe cases lags behind in development.

This disease is successfully treated with drugs designed specifically for the breakdown of lactose, for example, the drug Lactazar.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: About other reasons and.

Symptoms of an allergic reaction to cow's milk

When allergic to cow's milk protein, there are certain signs of food intolerance.

Symptoms can develop in an immediate manner, that is, in a few hours, or in a delayed manner, over several days:

1. On the part of the skin, the appearance of a rash, redness on the cheeks and forearms, buttocks is recorded;
2. From the side respiratory organs- sneezing, nasal congestion, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath;
3. From the digestive tract - vomiting, bloating, colic, foamy diarrhea, burp.

Children in the first months of life have more severe digestive problems with an allergy to milk protein.

After the first use of milk food, vomiting usually occurs, then bloating and diarrhea with vitreous mucus.

Then appetite decreases, colic, irritability occur, all symptoms can last up to three days, provided that the provoking allergen no longer enters the body.

If the feeding with cow's milk continues, then all disorders increase, the child refuses to eat, pronounced skin manifestations appear - hyperemia, swelling of the skin, itchy dermatosis.

Constant itching leads to scratching, which contributes to the attachment of a secondary infection.

An allergy to cow's milk protein can masquerade as sinusitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, and adenoids.

Frequent colds in older children may also be associated with food intolerance some products, including natural milk.

Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is considered the most severe manifestation of a specific reaction of the body to cow's milk.

Diagnosis and treatment of allergy to natural milk

The diagnosis begins with an examination of the child, taking an anamnesis. The pediatrician needs to find out the presence of a genetic predisposition, the diet, the timing of the introduction of complementary foods, the name of the artificial mixture.

Diagnostic value has a purpose special diet with the complete exclusion of dairy products - the cessation of all symptoms in a few days indicates that the diagnosis is correct. For accurate diagnosis causes of allergies can be assigned.

Antihistamines

Remove respiratory, skin and nutritional symptoms allergies. These include, Erius, and others. Medicines are selected based on the age of the child.

Hormonal drugs

Appointed at strong signs allergic reaction - respiratory failure, cardiac activity, anaphylactic shock.

Ointments

Ointments are used to eliminate skin manifestations. Non-hormonal ointments for children - Fenistil, Skin - Cap, Bepanten are prescribed for mild and moderate allergic skin manifestations.

Their use should always be agreed with the doctor, hormone therapy does not exceed a few days.

READ ON THE TOPIC.

Sometimes babies, due to a number of factors, do not receive their mother's healthy milk and forced to eat an adapted mixture. Such crumbs are more likely than others to suffer from food allergies. Children on chest type breastfeeding are more protected in this regard and have negative allergic reactions much less frequently. The body of the crumbs, eating mother's milk, can also sometimes "rebel" when the mother drinks milk.

Formula-fed babies are often prone to food allergies

Allergy to lactose is quite rare. Only 5-7% of children suffer from such a predisposition. This can be due to two reasons: milk intolerance or an allergy to milk protein. The first problem is due to the inability of the baby's body to digest cow's milk, namely the protein - casein. In the second case, this protein is perceived by the immune system as foreign and the production of antibodies begins to protect against it.

Causes of Allergy

Allergies can be caused by two main factors:

1. Relative or complete lactase deficiency. The baby's body lacks lactase - a special enzyme that can break down lactose, that is milk sugar. animal protein in this case, it is split only partially, and a number of molecules fall into the category of harmful and are perceived negatively by the body.
2. Intolerance to the protein of cow, goat, sheep and other milk.

Children's digestive tract is very sensitive to allergens of various kinds. Any type of food, except for breast milk, is perceived by the crumbs as extremely difficult.

In the intestines of the baby, there is still no beneficial microflora, it is characterized by friability and immaturity. The stomach and intestines become stronger closer to two years and learn to confidently withstand the impact. harmful organisms.

A child is more susceptible to allergic reactions if:

• a nursing mother is prone to allergies;
• residence of a pregnant woman in areas with poor environmental conditions (excess of exhaust gases, emissions from enterprises, "harmful" work);
• there were dangers and diseases during pregnancy (fetal hypoxia, risk of interruption, stress, preeclampsia, etc.).

Summing up all of the above, we get information that external conditions greatly affect the child's predisposition to allergies. For birth healthy baby everything is important - good ecological situation, proper nutrition future mother, genetic preconditions available bad habits one of the family members, the age of the woman in labor, the process of bearing. Children who receive an adapted formula instead of mother's milk, in the presence of such deviations, should eat mixtures in which there is no milk or it is replaced by vegetable options (oat, rice, soy, coconut, and others).

Main symptoms

The negative response of the body is noticeable, as a rule, not immediately. One take dairy product usually does not give such a reaction. Allergy manifests itself when eating products for the second time. Each organism is unique, so the rate of propagation of the reaction will be different: from one hour to two days. This circumstance should be taken into account when visiting a doctor to make a correct diagnosis.

For infants, the following allergic manifestations on the skin are characteristic:

• flaky areas;

• sores, eczema;
• itchy sensations;
• rash;
• areas of redness on the face, chest, as manifestations atopic dermatitis(a photo of what dermatitis looks like can be found on the Internet);
• swelling of the head and neck - Quincke's edema.

The digestive organs can give a negative response with the following symptoms:

• colic, diarrhea, sour smell stool, bloating;
• profuse regurgitation;
• pain in the abdomen;
• nausea and vomiting;
• decreased appetite.

The respiratory system can also fail with allergies:

• runny or stuffy nose;
• cough;
• wheezing when breathing, heavy breathing;
• wheezing.

• weight gain stops and this indicator lags behind the norms;
• occurs on rare occasions anaphylactic shock.

Establish protein allergy

It is very difficult for an ignorant person to understand true reason allergies. Only an experienced allergist can assess the condition of the baby, prescribe a series of tests and tests, and then make a diagnosis.

Rash, dryness and irritation on the skin are the main companions of food allergies. Understanding whether milk or other food caused such a reaction is quite simple. Find the culprit allergic manifestations it is possible by keeping a food diary: you need to abolish all dairy products and mixtures in the diet.

If there are other symptoms of allergy (digestive, respiratory), diagnostics should be carried out only in the laboratory. To establish the true "culprit", tests are needed for the reaction of immunoglobulin E to various products, skin tests.

Gathering information on family predisposition can help to understand whether milk is the cause of the allergy. When a family member has a milk intolerance, it is very likely that the child will have a similar problem.

identify lactose intolerance

To determine whether a child has a lactase deficiency or the cause lies in an allergy to protein, you can use a test that doctors usually recommend. For the duration of the diet, all foods with lactase should be excluded from the menu:

• the artificial type of feeding involves the transition to lactose-free adapted mixtures (we recommend reading:);
• during lactation, lactose products are completely excluded from the diet of a nursing mother;
• for older children, nutrition is regulated, excluding any milk-based products from the menu.

Seeing that during this time the baby did not have any negative reactions, a conclusion is made about lactase deficiency. With an existing protein allergy, the symptoms do not disappear immediately, but disappear gradually day after day.

It is infancy that most often suggests the appearance of an allergy to protein. This disease usually resolves by the age of three. In the case of lactase deficiency, we can talk not only about the congenital form, but also about the acquired form. The baby may begin to suffer from this disease as a result of rotavirus infection or as a result of intestinal lyambiosis. In the last two cases, the disease can be cured with the help of a diet.

How to treat milk allergy?

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

Artificers

Most of the dry infant formula offered today is made on the basis of cow's milk. When a child is allergic to it and at the same time eats artificially, goat milk-based mixtures or hydrolyzed options would be ideal (see also:). Such a transition should be made for at least six months, then you can again try to return to your usual diet. If symptoms recur, hydrolyzate mixtures should be re-introduced. The next attempt is made in another 6 months.

Goat milk mixtures, such as "Nanny", "Goat", are well absorbed by the child's body, but their price is higher compared to conventional mixtures. It is important for parents to know that changing the mixture does not guarantee that the problem will not arise again. The situation may repeat now with goat's milk.

Hydrolyzed Protein Blends

Hydrolyzate mixtures are based on proteins cleaved to dipeptides (more details in the article:). Lactose in such mixtures, as a rule, is not present, due to which they are well absorbed. Exist the following types hydrolyzate mixtures:

• used when there are very severe forms allergic manifestations: "Frisopep AS", "Frisopep", "Nutrilon Pepti TSC" (we recommend reading:);

• mixtures that are based on partially hydrolyzed protein are considered preventive: Nutrilon GA, NAN GA (we recommend reading:);
• prescribed for lactase intolerance and to prevent the onset of allergies: HiPP GA, Nutrilak GA, Humana GA.

An older child should not be introduced to milk and products containing it. Strongly allergenic products, such as cottage cheese, nuts, fish, eggs, must be introduced into the diet with a long delay relative to the existing norms.

When profuse and itchy rashes occur, ointments should not be neglected, which are able to reduce discomfort. When using antihistamines, one should choose those that minimally affect the central nervous system (desloratadine).

Sorbents are capable of removing protein from the stomach and intestines. These drugs should be used no longer than 2-3 days, otherwise there is a risk of constipation in the baby.

For babies

most best food for the baby is breast milk. It contains enzymes that help the body absorb food almost 100%. Pediatricians and specialists breastfeeding it is strongly recommended to keep lactation as long as possible, especially when the child has an allergy. In this case, the doctor prescribes a low-allergenic diet to the nursing mother. The diet should not contain lactose or products that contain its minimum dose: condensed milk, cream, chocolate, pastries, butter, dry soups, milk or cream, ice cream.

A lactating woman who has an allergic child should responsibly approach a complete change in her diet. Small doses of milk, which are usually recommended during lactation, should be completely canceled. When a lactose allergy in a crumb is not very strong manifestations, the doctor may suggest trying to drink fermented baked milk, yogurt, kefir and eat cottage cheese. A noticeable effect will be noticeable after about 3 weeks. Seeing that the diet does not bring visible results, doctors sometimes advise transferring the crumbs to artificial mixtures produced by deep protein hydrolysis.

It is possible that a child with cow's milk protein intolerance will have a similar reaction to goat protein. When doctors have determined that a baby's lactose allergy is severe, they may recommend limiting the intake of nuts, fish, and eggs.

Sour milk in complementary foods - yes, but be careful!

Milk intolerance does not put an end to all dairy products. It is allowed to introduce fermented milk products into complementary foods, but this should be done with extreme caution. Start with kefir and do it no earlier than 7 months. As an alternative, homemade yogurt, which can be based on any type of milk, is great. Children over 10 months of age should start introducing cottage cheese. Children will be able to eat eggs and fish closer to a year. Dr. Komarovsky, however, generally recommends starting complementary foods with fermented milk products.

Why are dairy products less allergenic? The fact is that they all undergo hydrolysis - a reaction when the protein is broken down into simpler compounds (amino acids), and they are absorbed much easier and faster. There are almost no allergens in such compounds.

You need to buy store-bought curds with caution, even for children, as they can also cause allergies. It is optimal to feed children with self-cooked cottage cheese. In a glass of milk you need to put a tablespoon of sour cream, stir and let stand for several hours not in the refrigerator. As soon as the product is already slightly sour, it should be put on fire, having previously poured into a saucepan. You need to heat the milk until the curd begins to separate from the whey. Using a spoon, gather the curd into cheesecloth and let the excess liquid drain. Squeeze the resulting cottage cheese and enjoy natural product. Store the product in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

For older children

As soon as the enzyme and immune systems complete their formation, allergic manifestations disappear. With an existing rash or other allergic manifestations, milk should be completely excluded from baby food. You can replace cow's milk in the menu, to which the child is allergic, with hypoallergenic milk. Its brightest representative in Russia is goat's milk. You can buy it in farm shops or in large supermarkets. It costs about 150 rudders per liter.

Those who wish can choose alternative options for animal milk. herbal products would also be appropriate:

• Soy. Beans are a storehouse of protein and minerals. To prepare the drink, soak the beans in water and boil, then grind with a blender. After straining the puree, you get soy milk.
• Oats. It contains many vitamins and minerals. It is advisable to take oats in the husk for cooking. Rinse the cereals and boil in water for about an hour. After straining the porridge, as a result you will get oat milk.
• Rice. Milk is prepared simply: rice is boiled in water, and when ready, it is ground with a blender and filtered.

Such recipes can make a child's diet on a diet more varied. If possible and desired, pamper the baby with new products.

What to do during an allergy exacerbation?

Medications

Allergy is a reason to act and act actively. Waiting for further manifestations can be dangerous, because cases of anaphylactic shock are not uncommon. As soon as you notice the first signs of an allergy, you should immediately treat the baby by giving him antihistamine. Always be guided by the age restrictions indicated by the manufacturer:

• Suprastin tablets can be used for children from 1 month old, maximum dose per day - ¼ tablet;
• Fenistil drops are recommended for children over one month old, no more than 30 drops can be given per day to a child under one year old, a single volume is 3-10 drops (we recommend reading:);
• Peritol syrup is suitable for babies older than 6 months; the dosage is calculated individually according to the attached instructions, based on the weight of the baby;
• Zyrtec drops are recommended for children older than six months, they should be dosed as follows: 5 drops once a day.

Important information! Newborn babies under 1 month of age should use any antiallergic drugs strictly under the supervision of a doctor.

When the allergy manifested itself already in the first two hours after taking the "harmful" product, you can use the help of enterosorbents. Such medications able to capture and remove the allergenic product from the body.

For children of any age, Dr. Komarovsky recommends the following drugs:

• Enterosgel (we recommend reading:). You should take half a teaspoon of the drug, after diluting it in breast milk or in water. The medicine should be taken up to 6 times a day before each meal.
• Polysorb. The dose is calculated according to the weight of the child: with a body weight of up to 10 kg, the daily volume of the drug should range from 0.5 to 1.5 teaspoons.
• Smekta (more details in the article:). Take 1 sachet per day.

Hygiene

The milk type of allergy in most cases affects the skin. Children's skin is covered with a rash, redness, characteristic of atopic dermatitis. The surface of the epidermis loses its moisture and becomes dry, cracked, itchy. Parents should protect damaged children's skin as much as possible and help it regenerate faster. Some parents mistakenly believe that it is impossible to bathe babies during an exacerbation of allergic manifestations, but in fact the truth is the opposite.

• Children simply need daily hygiene to moisturize and cleanse the skin. Bath procedures it is better to spend at least 20 minutes. During this time, the outer layer of the skin will have time to fully absorb water.
• Keep the water temperature around 35°C.
• It is better to refrain from washcloths at this time, and do not rub the skin with a towel, just get it slightly wet.

Forecast

It is likely that you are allergic to milk child will pass by itself for the first three years. The digestive organs, the formation of enzymes, the functioning of the immune system - everything comes to a more perfect phase, which means that the body becomes stronger and more resistant to external stimuli. The baby's body is already able to independently break down sugar into galactose and glucose. Protein in such a digested state is not capable of harming the child's body.

The relative form of lactase deficiency can pass with time and with the growing up of the child, but if there is complete lactose intolerance, this pathology will remain with the baby for life. To compensate for the lack of calcium in such crumbs, it is important for parents to consider other ways to obtain this mineral.

Allergy to cow's protein in infants - the symptoms of this disease mainly torment young children. Sometimes an allergy to milk appears in adults. What you need to know about hypersensitivity for milk?

An allergy to cow's milk is an allergy to its protein components (casein, lactoalbumins, lactoglobulins). Symptoms of cow's milk allergy in individual infants may differ depending on the form and location of the disease. Most often, symptoms appear on the skin in the form of atopic dermatitis, or in the form of diarrhea and constipation.

What is cow protein allergy expressed in infants: symptoms and characteristics

No one today needs to be convinced that allergic reactions are a disease of civilization. The most common allergy among babies under 4 months of age is food allergies, most often to cow's milk protein. What is characteristic of this type of allergy and what are its symptoms?

An allergic reaction is considered to be an incorrect response of the immune system, for example, to food, including cow's milk. With a food allergy, the immune system sees the typical cow's milk protein as an allergen that poses a danger to the body, and begins to fight it. The consequence of an allergy to cow protein can be inhibition of the growth of the child, as well as malnutrition. To improve the comfort of life of the baby, the diagnosis of allergens and the appropriate diet, for example, by eliminating cow's milk, are very important.

In infants and young children, bovine protein allergy is often the cause of anxiety and a tendency to intestinal volvulus. Studies show that nearly half of overly whiny babies develop intolerance to cow's milk.

With a food allergy to bovine protein in infants, symptoms usually appear first of all on the skin, first of all, a rash occurs in the form of:

rough skin;

redness on the cheeks;

rash on the elbows and under the knees, may also affect the whole body. The rash is characterized by dry skin, papules, cracking, itching, and soreness;

cracking of the earlobe.

I would like to note that itching can lead to significant scratches when combing. As a result, wounds appear in which the infection can be introduced.

In addition to skin manifestations of allergies, there are typical symptoms diseases:

stomach ache;

diarrhea, sometimes with a bloody admixture, constipation can also be observed;

bloating;

1. breathing difficulties (cough, rapid breathing, swelling and redness of the nasal mucosa);

   growth retardation.

What you need to know if it is an allergy to cow protein in infants, the symptoms of which have manifested

First of all, it is recommended to apply dairy-free diet, that is, temporarily or permanently exclude dairy products from the child's diet. They should not be replaced by other mammals' milk, such as goat's milk. By at least without consulting a doctor. Next, immediate detection of the allergen. To do this, you need to contact a pediatrician who will advise on this issue and prescribe a further examination of the baby.

The products used by the mother can penetrate from breast milk into the child's body. If there are signs of an allergy to cow's protein in a baby, a nursing mother, under the supervision of a doctor, should exclude dairy products from her diet, including butter, sour cream, and cheese.

If the child is fed formula milk, it is recommended to transfer it to the mixture. Which contain a protein hydrolyzate, that is, a milk replacer in which the properties of antigenic proteins have been reduced.

In the case when the baby is at risk of food allergies (if there are allergies in the family, then the baby is at risk) and the complementary feeding stage recommended by experts has come, there is no need to exclude products that potentially cause allergies from the menu. It is important to introduce new foods into his diet gradually, no earlier than 17 and no later than 26 weeks of a child's life.

The introduction of new foods should be accompanied by observation of the response to food intake. In case of any anxiety symptoms you should consult a pediatrician who will determine the treatment process.

When a child develops lactose intolerance, it is often confused with an allergy to bovine protein. This is not surprising, since these pathologies have similar symptoms, although they have absolutely different nature origin. food allergy on cow's milk protein in infants refers to the reaction of the immune system, and lactose intolerance is associated with in infants.

An allergy to cow's milk most often disappears without a trace by the age of five. Sometimes it can accompany a person all his life, but this rarely happens.

Allergy to cow protein in infants: symptoms from 28 Sep 2018

Allergy to cow's milk protein in infants symptoms occur in 5% of cases. At the same time, it is necessary to distinguish between an allergic reaction as a strong immune response in infants to dairy products and intolerance as a non-digestibility of protein due to a lack of enzymes.

In 50% of children, milk protein allergy goes away after 1-3 years. Only only 10% clinical cases indicate a lifelong allergy to milk protein.

Attentive parents often suspect an allergy in a baby, and 70% have no reason. Symptoms of an allergy to cow protein in infants are interpreted incorrectly, which is why it is prescribed wrong treatment with the restriction of dairy products in the diet. Dietary restrictions without medical indications lead to such diseases in infants as rickets, anemia, impaired growth and development.

An allergy to cow protein in infants can be especially severe. This is evidenced by signs of allergies. Typical manifestations can be considered a violation of the digestive system, deterioration of the skin and mucous membranes of the child.

Symptoms of an allergy to cow protein are conventionally divided into two categories - delayed, accelerated. The second category differs in that the signs occur 30-60 minutes after the newborn has consumed milk. With a slow reaction, the first signs begin to appear after 12-48 hours. This should be taken into account before determining an allergy.

1. blisters of red or white color.
2. Small red rash.
3. Runny nose.
4. Swelling of the nasopharynx, larynx, tongue.
5. Intolerable itching, peeling of the skin, which can lead to infection with a secondary infection.
6. Redness of the skin of the face, arms, legs, abdomen.
7. Dry, prolonged cough.
8. Hoarseness on inhalation and exhalation.
9. Profuse vomiting, nausea.
10. Flatulence.
11. Diarrhea. AT feces transparent liquid impurities can be detected.
12. Capriciousness, sleep disturbance in a child due to a deterioration in well-being.

An allergy to milk in infants rarely occurs in a severe manner. Recorded about 2-3% of cases. But with allergic reactions heavy type develops anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, threatening the life of the child.

• pallor of the skin;
• unnatural contraction of the muscles of the larynx;
• swelling of the face, throat;
• lack of response to external stimuli;
• convulsions;
• uncontrolled emptying of the bladder;
• blisters - sometimes.

This development clinical picture needs urgent medical care. The child can die from lack of air - hypoxia.

Other not less dangerous manifestation- Quincke's edema. It also belongs to the accelerated type of allergic reactions.

• there is swelling of the lips, eyes, cheeks, legs and arms;
• inability to swallow if swelling of the larynx is observed;
• dizziness;
• the skin turns blue;
• restless child - naughty, crying.

With a negative, progressive course of Quincke's edema, blood can come out of the mouth, anus, it's connected with internal bleeding. Sometimes an attack affects the work of the central nervous system. The child's reaction slows down, vision falls. If you run an allergy in this form, death may occur as a result of respiratory and circulatory disorders. Required urgent help doctor.

1. Skin covering reddens, flakes, itches, rashes appear in the form of nodules with a clear liquid. This can be called a classic manifestation of atopic dermatitis in young children.
2. Sleep disturbance. The child constantly cries, is naughty.
3. Loss of appetite up to complete refusal of food.
4. The local or general temperature rises - sometimes.
5. Nosebleeds.
6. Swelling of the knees, elbows.
7. Problems with urination - accumulation of urine or incontinence;

Symptoms of a cow's milk allergy in infants may go away on their own if a certain milk protein is excluded from the diet.

Reaction features

Allergy to cow's milk in infants has many nuances and features.

1. A mild allergic reaction resolves completely by day 3 if all foods containing the allergen are excluded from the diet.
2. Newborns can also suffer from allergies. The protein can be transmitted through mother's milk. This happens more often with weak children who have genetic predisposition.
3. Milk protein does not have a certain specificity. An allergic reaction can equally cause the milk of any animal.
4. The bulk of allergy sufferers among infants are those who were early transferred to artificial feeding.

Features of the clinical picture help to better understand the disease, and, consequently, to treat it.

Komarovsky, the country's leading pediatrician, points out that there are three methods of treatment: nutritional correction, antihistamines, and corticosteroids.

Properly adjusted nutrition contributes to the rapid improvement of the child's condition, helps to use fewer drugs in therapy.

Komarovsky draws attention to the fact that for a child under 3 years old, funds are suitable only in liquid form.

Due to poorly formed swallowing reflex, the infant may choke on the pill.

• Fenistil - from 1 month of a child's life. Causes drowsiness, but it helps to calm the child, restore healthy sleep, which has a positive effect on general well-being - Komarovsky mentioned more than once;
• Zyrtec - from six months. Calms, causes drowsiness, relieves inflammation;
• Suprastin - from 1 month of life. Injections are used only with the development of a severe allergic reaction, the course of treatment does not exceed 10 days.

Fenistil-gel will help soothe the skin, reduce the number of rashes. It has been successfully used to treat external manifestations of allergies in children from 1 month old.

Inflamed, rash-covered skin can sometimes be rubbed with a decoction of chamomile, yarrow, or string. Before using herbs, you should consult a doctor.

Allergy to milk protein in most cases is easy if you notice it in time and take action. Even when there are no signs of allergies, it is worth consulting with a doctor.

To accurately identify the type of allergen, avoid cross-allergic reactions.