Basophils 0 in a woman about what. The norm of basophils in the blood

Basophils- blood cells. These are large white blood cells with a granular structure. There are quite a lot of them in the blood. In a normal amount, basophils are responsible for identifying and destroying foreign microparticles that have entered the body. They are also called scout cells.

The norm of basophils in the blood in women

Basophils are produced by the bone marrow. After entering the body, they circulate through the circulatory system for several hours, and then move into the tissues. As soon as the bodies detect a foreign agent, they release histamine, serotonin and prostaglandin from the granules and bind it. Cells that destroy agents move to this focus of inflammation.

The norm of basophils in women of different ages is slightly different. So, for example, in the fair sex, up to 21 years of age, cells in the blood should be from 0.6% to 1%, and older - from 0.5% to 1%.

If basophils are higher than normal in the blood test

An increased level of scout cells indicates that the immune system is depleted. The number of basophils increases sharply with:

allergic reaction;
hypothyroidism;
infections;
chronic sinusitis;
acute leukemia;
chickenpox;
myxedema;
anemia;
oncology of the bronchi or lungs;
dermatitis;
gastritis;
ulcerative colitis.

Sometimes basophils are higher than normal in those women who take estrogen or corticosteroid drugs.

Basophils in the blood below normal

Basopenia can occur after chemotherapy or taking strong medications. The lack of basophils in the blood can testify about.

Scientific editor: M. Merkusheva, PSPbGMU im. acad. Pavlova, medical business.
September, 2018.

Normally, the relative amount of basophils in the blood should not exceed 1%. Basopenia and basophilia may indicate the presence of inflammatory processes, blood diseases, etc.

The determination of basophils in the framework of the leukocyte formula of a clinical blood test is carried out to identify inflammatory processes and allergic reactions.

Basophils themselves are a type of leukocyte and are blood cells derived from a granulocyte germ.

General information

Basophils are granulocytes that are distributed in the peripheral blood. They are produced by the bone marrow and released into the serum, after which they settle in the tissues. The life cycle of a basophil is about 7-12 days.

When an inflammatory process occurs, basophils and other white bodies are sent to the focus. In tissues, basophils turn into mast cells. They (mast cells) are responsible for the production of histamine (fighting an allergic reaction), serotonin (basophil serotonin activates platelets, increases the permeability of the walls of small vessels and expands their lumen) and heparin (a substance that reduces blood clotting). Basophils also contain prostaglandins, which, together with histamine, bind the irritant (allergen) and neutralize it. At this moment, the patient notes the development of inflammatory processes (fever, fever, weakness, swelling of tissues, etc.). All this is a reaction to increased blood flow and an increase in the permeability of blood vessels, for which basophils are responsible.

The main purpose of basophils is to participate in an immediate and, less often, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction. They are among the first at the site of inflammation and, as it were, call on other blood cells to fight foreign agents. This process is called chemotaxis and is one of the functions of the human immune system. If the inflammatory process continues for more than 3 days, the bone marrow begins to produce more basophils. This medical condition is called basophilocytosis.

Basophils affect blood clotting with the help of natural heparin, increase capillary permeability, promote the creation of new vessels, and stimulate the contraction of smooth muscle tissue.

Indications for analysis

An analysis for basophils is necessary in the following cases:

planned preventive control;
examination before surgery;
diagnostics of inflammatory and infectious processes, as well as blood diseases;
monitoring the effectiveness of the therapy.

Usually, a study on basophils is not carried out separately, but the results are deciphered within the framework of the leukocyte formula. The level of basophils gives an idea of various inflammatory processes, allergic reactions (important for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock), oncological diseases (blood cancer).

The construction of the leukocyte formula is carried out on the basis of a detailed clinical blood test.

The norm of basophils

In the analysis form, you can see the following indicators of basophils:

VA% (relative percentage to other leukocytes)
BA# (absolute number)

Important! It should be noted that in each laboratory the norms will be slightly different - this is due to the specifics of the equipment used in each particular laboratory.

So, in the laboratory of Invitro, the values are normal:

Helix Lab defines the following ranges:

absolute values - 0-0.08 * 10 9 /l
relative - 0-1.2%

The following meanings can be found in professional medical literature:

0-0,5%

The reference book by A.A. Kishkun provides more detailed norms of basophils:

Reference indicators within the leukocytogram

adults - 0-1%
newborns - 0.75%
1 day of life - 0.25%
2 weeks - 0.5%

In foreign standards, the norm of basophils is:

0.01-0.1*10 9 /l

Important! The interpretation of the results is always carried out in a complex manner. It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis on the basis of only one analysis.

Increased basophils (basophilia)

The condition develops with an increase in the number of basophils more than 0.2 * 10 9 /l.

Important! Basophilia can be caused by taking hormonal drugs (estrogens), antithyroid drugs. Also, the number of basophils increases in women in the first days of the cycle.

In clinical practice, an increase in basophils is rare and occurs when:

diseases of the digestive tract (chronic form):
- enterocolitis;
- peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, etc.;
acute inflammation of the liver;
pathologies of the circulatory system:
- myeloid leukemia (chronic form);
- leukemia (acute form);
- polycythemia (an increase in the level of red blood cells in one unit of blood volume);
- hemolytic and iron deficiency anemia;
individual reaction to an irritant (allergy);
stages of early remission of infectious diseases;
hypothyroidism (insufficiency of the thyroid gland, expressed in a decrease in its secretory function);
diabetes;
Hodgkin's disease (malignant pathology affecting the lymphatic system);
oncology (cancer of the blood, lungs);
with prolonged exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation.

An increase in the number of basophils indicates a violation of the immune system and the active invasion of a foreign agent. Also, chronic basophilia is noted in patients who have had their spleen removed.

Decreased basophils (basopenia)

With basopenia, the number of basophils is pathologically reduced (less than 0.01*10 9 /l).

The number of basophils can be reduced in a number of pathologies:

acute infections and diseases;
nervous and mental disorders;
hyperthyroidism (increased secretory activity of the thyroid gland);
acute inflammation of the lungs;
long-term radiation therapy;
some cases of acute leukemia.

A decrease in the number of white cells in children can occur due to endocrine dysfunction, lack of iron and vitamin B-12 in the diet.

Only a qualified specialist can decipher the leukocyte form for the number of basophils: a therapist, infectious disease specialist, hematologist or functional diagnostician.

8-12 hours before the procedure, the last meal is taken, and 2-4 hours - water;
The day before the analysis, the patient should give up sports training, sexual intercourse (stress for the body), weight lifting and any other physical and psychological stressful situations. You should also exclude from the diet spicy, fatty foods, semi-finished products and snacks (chips, crackers, etc.), alcoholic and tonic drinks (energy drinks, strong coffee, etc.);
Immediately before donating blood, the patient informs the doctor about taking medications and recently completed courses of drug therapy.

Normally, the relative amount of basophils in the blood should not exceed 1%. Basopenia and basophilia may indicate the presence of inflammatory processes, blood diseases, etc.

The determination of basophils in the framework of the leukocyte formula of a clinical blood test is carried out to identify inflammatory processes and allergic reactions.

Basophils themselves are a type of leukocyte and are blood cells derived from a granulocyte germ.

General information

When an inflammatory process occurs, basophils and other white bodies are sent to the focus. They are responsible for the production of histamine (fighting an allergic reaction), serotonin (a neurotransmitter that suppresses stress and depression), and heparin (a substance that reduces blood clotting).

Basophils also contain prostaglandins, which, together with histamine, bind the irritant (allergen) and neutralize it. At this moment, the patient notes the development of inflammatory processes (fever, fever, weakness, swelling of tissues, etc.).

All this is a reaction to increased blood flow and an increase in the permeability of blood vessels, for which basophils are responsible.

The main purpose of basophils is to participate in an immediate and, less commonly, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction. They are among the first at the site of inflammation and, as it were, call on other blood cells to fight foreign agents.

This process is called phagocytosis and is one of the functions of the human immune system. If the inflammatory process continues for more than 3 days, the bone marrow begins to produce more basophils.

This medical condition is called basophilocytosis.

Also, basophils affect blood clotting with the help of natural heparin, increase capillary permeability, promote the creation of new vessels, and stimulate the contraction of smooth muscle tissue.

Indications for analysis

An analysis for basophils is necessary in the following cases:

planned preventive control;
examination before surgery;
diagnostics of inflammatory and infectious processes, as well as blood diseases;
monitoring the effectiveness of the therapy.

A decrease in the number of white cells (basopenia) in children can cause dysfunction of the endocrine system, disruption of the hematopoiesis process and, as a result, the development of leukemia. In women, basopenia may indicate pregnancy.

The construction of the leukocyte formula is carried out on the basis of a detailed clinical blood test.

The norm of basophils

When deciphering the results of the leukocyte formula, the following indicators are considered the norm of basophils:

newborns - 0.75%;
babies (1 month of life) - 0.5%;
infants (2-12 months) - 0.4-0.9%;
children (12 years old) - 0.7%;
teenagers (from 12 to 21 years old) - 0.6-1%;
adults (over 21 years old) - 0.5-1%.

Immediately after birth, the number of basophils in a person is increased. This is due to the formation of an independent immune system. In the first month of life, the indicator falls slightly, stabilizes by the age of 12 and rises again already in adulthood.

In the analysis form, you can see the following indicators of basophils: BA% (relative percentage to other leukocytes) and BA # (absolute amount, which is normally 0.01-0.065 * 109 grams / liter).

Increased basophils (basophilia)

The condition develops with an increase in the number of basophils by more than 0.2 * 109 g / l.

Important! Basophilia can be caused by taking hormonal drugs (estrogens), antithyroid drugs.

In clinical practice, an increase in basophils is rare and is typical for:

diseases of the digestive tract (chronic form):
pathologies of the circulatory system:
individual reaction to an irritant (allergy);
stages of early remission of infectious diseases;
Hodgkin's disease (malignant pathology affecting the lymphatic system);
hypothyroidism (deficiency of the thyroid gland, expressed in a decrease in its secretory function);
oncology (cancer of the blood, lungs).

Decreased basophils (basopenia)

With basopenia, the number of basophils is pathologically reduced (less than 0.01 * 109 g / l).

Important! A decrease in basophils is often noted in the first trimester of pregnancy, which is associated with an active increase in the blood supply (liquid phase) without an increase in the number of blood cells. But in this case, basopenia is considered false and does not indicate a pathological process.

Also, basopenia is noted during ovulation (middle of the menstrual cycle), while taking chemotherapy drugs, corticosteroids and other “heavy” medications for the body.

The number of basophils can be reduced in a number of pathologies:

acute infections and diseases;
nervous and mental disorders;
hyperthyroidism (increased secretory activity of the thyroid gland);
acute inflammation of the lungs.

Only a qualified specialist can decipher the leukocyte form for the number of basophils: a therapist, infectious disease specialist, hematologist or functional diagnostician.

8-12 hours before the procedure, the last meal is taken, and 2-4 hours - water;
The day before the analysis, the patient should give up sports training, sexual intercourse (stress for the body), weight lifting and any other physical and psychological stressful situations. You should also exclude from the diet spicy, fatty foods, semi-finished products and snacks (chips, crackers, etc.), alcoholic and tonic drinks (energy drinks, strong coffee, etc.);
Immediately before donating blood, the patient informs the doctor about taking medications and recently completed courses of drug therapy.

Source: http://www.diagnos.ru/procedures/analysis/ba

Basophils are the norm

Basophils are the smallest group of leukocytes. They belong to the granulocytic subspecies of white blood cells, are born and mature in the bone marrow.

From it, basophils move into the peripheral blood and circulate along the channel for only a few hours. This is followed by cell migration into tissues.

They stay there for no more than twelve days and fulfill their mission: neutralizing foreign and harmful organisms that are undesirable for the human body.

Functions of basophils

Basophils contain within themselves granules of heparin, histamine, serotonin - biologically active substances.

When they come into contact with allergens, degranulation occurs, that is, the contents are excreted outside the basophils. This helps bind allergens.

An inflammatory focus is formed, which attracts other groups of leukocytes that have the ability to destroy alien and uninvited guests.

Basophils are prone to chemotaxis, that is, free movement through tissues. This movement occurs under the action of special chemicals.

They also have a predisposition to phagocytosis - the absorption of harmful bacteria and microorganisms. But this is not the main and not natural function for basophils.

The only thing that the cells must unconditionally perform is instantaneous degranulation, which leads to an increase in blood flow, an increase in vascular permeability, and the mobilization of other granulocytes directly to the site of inflammation.

So, the main purpose of basophils is to subdue allergens, limit their action and not miss the progress through the body.

The norm of basophils in the blood

The normative content of basophils, as a rule, is determined as a percentage of the total population of leukocytes: VA%.

The number of cells can also be measured in absolute terms: VA# 109 g/l.

The optimal number of basophils remains unchanged throughout life (x109 g/l):

minimum: 0.01;
maximum: 0.065.

The specific gravity of cells slightly depends on age. For adults, the norm is within the following limits: not less than half and not more than one percent.

For children, the optimal content of basophils is interpreted unambiguously (in%):

newborn baby: 0.75;
one month old: 0.5;
one year old child: 0.6;
up to 12 years: 0.7.

At first, the proportion of cells is larger (0.75%), then decreases by the year and increases again. After twelve years, the percentage of basophils should already correspond to the norm for adults.

Deviations from the norm

Basophils are elevated

Exceeding the norm by basophils is called basophilia. It occurs quite rarely, but its causes are well studied and known to specialists.

First of all, this is a manifestation of an allergic reaction.

Also, basophilia can accompany such ailments:

Hematological, that is, blood diseases, in particular:
- chronic myeloid leukemia;
- lymphogranulomatosis or Hodgkin's disease: more common in adolescents, and incidence peaks are observed at 20 and 50 years;
- acute leukemia;
- true polycythemia.
Chronic inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract.
Hypothyroidism.
Acute hepatitis, which is accompanied by jaundice.
hemolytic anemia.

Taking antithyroid drugs or estrogens can also cause the growth of basophils.

Sometimes basophilia occurs when there is not enough iron in the body. In rare cases, it warns of the appearance of a neoplasm in the lungs.

If a person had an operation to remove the spleen, then basophilia will be his companion for the rest of his life.

An increase in the proportion of cells in women is possible at the beginning of the menstrual cycle, as well as during the ovulation period.

Basophils are lowered

A decrease in basophils beyond the normal range is basopenia. It is not possible to assess how difficult it is, since the lower value of the norm is too meager.

A decrease in basophils is observed when the following pathologies are present in the body:

Acute infectious diseases.
Hyperthyroidism.
Cushing's disease and syndrome.
Pneumonia.

The reason for the decrease in basophils may be experienced stress, as well as long-term use of corticosteroids.

Basopenia is not considered a pathology for women who are carrying a child. It manifests itself in the third trimester of pregnancy. During this period, blood volumes increase rapidly, but there is an increase in plasma, and not in the number of cells.

Their number remains within the normal range. Therefore, reduced basophils in women in an interesting position are quite acceptable.

A decrease in the level of basophils below the norm can occur during the period of recovery from infectious diseases.

Cells often completely disappear from the blood during chemotherapy sessions or during treatment with some other complex and difficult medications for the body.

How to return basophils back to normal

There is no separate treatment that allows you to return basophils to normal. There is a therapy for ailments that are accompanied by basophilia or basopenia.

And yet, if the study revealed an excess of cells over the norm, it does not hurt to take care to increase the content of vitamin B12 and iron in the body. They will help normalize blood formation and brain function.

Do not neglect natural sources that contain B12. First of all, the diet should be diversified with animal products: meat, milk, eggs. Soy milk and yeast also contain B12.

To replenish iron stores will help:

veal and chicken liver;
fish;
red meat.

With moderate use of dry white wine, iron absorption is activated. Orange juice, which is not forbidden to drink in unlimited quantities (if there are no contraindications), can also contribute to this process.

To regulate the level of basophils, it is enough for a healthy person to switch to proper nutrition and remove such unpleasant habits as smoking or addiction to strong drinks.

In some cases, basophils return to normal after the withdrawal of certain medications - in particular, antithyroid or containing estrogens.

Source: http://OnWomen.ru/bazofily.html

The norm of basophils in a blood test, the reasons for the increase in the result

One of the most important indicators of a general clinical blood test is the count of the leukocyte formula.

The calculation of the percentage of different types of leukocytes from their total number is called the leukocyte formula.

What are basophil cells

Basophils occupy the smallest position in the total number of leukocytes. Normally, their number does not exceed 1% of all white blood cells. They refer to granulocytes, that is, cells that have granules with various biologically active substances in the cytoplasm.

Basophil granules are intensely stained with basic aniline dye, hence the name of these cells. Under the microscope, they look like cells with a large weakly segmented dark blue or purple nucleus (often S-shaped), their cytoplasm is filled with large granules, stained in various shades of purple, the nucleus behind these granules is poorly visible.

Basophilic leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow, then they enter the bloodstream, where they circulate for only a few hours. Then they enter the tissues, where they perform their main function.

Why are basophils needed?

The main function of these cells is detoxification. They are directly involved in the body's immune responses.

Basophil granules contain histamine, heparin, serotonin, leukotrienes, as well as factors that attract neutrophils and eosinophils to the focus of inflammation.

In the tissues there are mast cells - analogues of basophils. They are very similar in structure and function. Scientists are still arguing about their origin. For a long time, it was believed that basophils, when they pass into tissues, turn into mast cells. Now the version is more reliable that they differentiate much earlier and, possibly, come from one predecessor.

Basophils, like mast cells, have on their membrane receptors for Ig E (these are antibodies that are produced by lymphocytes in response to an allergen). When a foreign protein enters the body, it binds to Ig E, and the mechanism of degranulation of basophils and mast cells (mast cells) is triggered.

Biologically active substances come from the cell into the tissues, cause expansion, as well as an increase in vascular permeability. This is a manifestation of an allergy: tissue edema occurs, which externally can be manifested by swelling of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract (bronchial asthma attack), the appearance of blisters on the skin, itching, redness, runny nose, watery eyes.

How are basophils counted and labeled?

According to all academic canons, the leukocyte formula is read by a laboratory assistant in a stained blood smear under a microscope.

Recently, hematology analyzers have been used almost universally in clinics. The principle of their work is the differentiation of cells according to their volume, light refraction, electrical resistance and other parameters. The advantage of hemoanalyzers is that they save time and are also able to evaluate a much larger number of cells than manual counting.

However, not all of them are able to give out a complete leukocyte formula. The simplest analyzer, supplied to polyclinics under the National Health Project, distinguishes leukocytes only by their volume and distinguishes 3 populations: granulocytes (GRN or GR), lymphocytes (LYM or LY), and middle cells (MID), which are most often associated with monocytes.

Basophils in this analysis can be both in the GRN group and in the MID. Ideally, the calculation of the leukocyte formula after examination with such an analyzer should be supplemented by conventional smear microscopy, but this does not happen everywhere.

A more high-tech hemoanalyzer is able to distinguish between all 5 types of leukocytes. Basophils in deciphering are designated BAS or BA. If all automatic indicators are within the norm, the recalculation is not performed. If the analyzer shows deviations in the leukocyte formula, the doctor may prescribe a second analysis with smear microscopy.

Why do basophils rise?

basophils in the blood formula - no more than 1%. They may not be in the smear at all, this is not considered a pathology.

An increase in basophils in the blood (basophilia) is quite rare.

What do elevated basophils mean? As already mentioned, basophilic leukocytes are active participants in allergic reactions, both immediate and delayed. Therefore, the main reason is allergies.

When an allergen enters the body, mast cells, that is, tissue basophils, are the first to react to it. A focus of allergic inflammation is formed. Basophils from the blood also rush to this focus. During this period, their increase is noted.

The second reason for basophilia is their increased formation in the bone marrow. This condition can be with myeloid leukemia, erythremia and some other diseases of the hematopoietic system.

The main conditions in which basophils can be elevated

If basophils are elevated in an adult, then there may be several reasons:

It is believed that the norm of the content of basophils in a child is somewhat lower than in adults (no more than 0.5%), but it is clear that this difference is very arbitrary. In any case, if the laboratory assistant sees one basophil per 100 cells, the analysis will show 1%, and this will not be a pathology.

Elevated basophils in a child most often indicate an allergy or helminthic invasion. Much less often, the cause will be something else. If a blood test is taken after vaccination, basophilia can also be observed.

The decrease or absence of basophils in the blood has no diagnostic value.

Possible questions about basophils

Question:
Should I be afraid of an increase in basophils in the blood?

Most often, no. If there is a clear allergic reaction or an autoimmune disease in the acute stage, then their increase fits into the clinical picture. Moreover, eosinophils also increase. Usually this is a temporary phenomenon, and after the start of treatment, everything returns to normal.

Another thing is if basophilia is found in a person who is not bothered by anything. Additional testing may be required. But before that, it is recommended to repeat the blood test, preferably in another laboratory.

Question:
Can an increase in basophils be a sign of blood cancer?

Yes, it can, but quite rarely. And with this pathology, basophils alone will almost never be elevated in isolation. "Red flags" in this case should be a sharply increased or significantly reduced total number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, and other changes in the blood test.

Question:
Is it necessary to treat an increase in basophils in the blood?

Basophilia is a symptom. And the disease needs to be treated. An asymptomatic increase in basophils does not need to be treated.

Question:
The doctor prescribes a second analysis. Should I trust this doctor and this laboratory?

One blood test can never draw any conclusions. The doctor may doubt the analysis, and this is normal. It may be necessary to manually recalculate the formula after hardware analysis.

And, finally, in medicine quite often there are situations when some waiting and observation is required instead of an immediate expensive examination.

You can take the initiative and retake blood in another laboratory.

But if basophilia is observed in 2-3 consecutive tests, this is already a reason to undergo a more thorough examination.

Source: http://zdravotvet.ru/bazofily-norma-povysheny-prichiny/

Why are basophils elevated in the blood, what does this mean?

The smallest group of leukocytes are basophils, which perform many functions in the human body.

In particular, they not only maintain blood flow in small vessels and provide a migration path for other leukocytes into tissues, but also effectively influence the growth of new capillaries.

If an adult has elevated basophils in the blood, then this indicates the development of the disease - basophilia. The causes of this condition are different, below we will consider the main ailments, due to which basophils in the blood rise above normal.

Functions of basophils

The main function of this type of granulocytes is participation in the inflammatory process and the development of allergic reactions, namely anaphylactic shock. In addition, basophils block toxins (poisons of insects and animals) that have entered the body through the skin and reduce blood clotting due to the presence of heparin in them. At the site of destruction of basophils, tissue edema, itching, and redness occur.

We can summarize the main functions of basophils in the human body:

suppression and "blocking" of allergens;
an obstacle to the spread of foreign particles throughout the body;
preservation of the body's defenses;
regulation of permeability and tone of microvessels;
maintaining the water and colloidal state, as well as skin metabolism;
neutralization of toxins and poisons, including insects;
participation in the processes of coagulation and phagocytosis.

If basophils are elevated in an adult, this means that the problem must be looked for in the anamnesis, analyze past illnesses, and the patient's living conditions. Next, we will consider in more detail why basophils in the blood of an adult are elevated, and what diseases lead to such indicators.

The norm of basophils

The normal number of basophils varies with age and is calculated as a percentage of the total number of leukocytes in the blood:

for an adult: 0.5-1%;
newborn: 0.75%;
1 month: 0.5%;
1 year: 0.6%;
2 years: 0.7%

As you can see, the norm of basophils in the blood is from 0.5% to 1% of the total number of leukocytes. In absolute terms, this is about 0.3 nanoliters per liter of blood.

Causes of elevated basophils

Why are basophils elevated in the blood in an adult, what does this mean? Various conditions can provoke an increase in basophil values above normal, ranging from an immediate reaction to the administration of a drug to a long-term inflammatory process.

Consider the main causes of elevated basophils in an adult:

Allergic reactions. Upon contact with the allergen, special granules contained in the cells are released. Because of this, typical allergy symptoms occur: itching, rash, swelling, etc.
In acute infectious diseases of the liver, basophils are also elevated.
Inflammation (including chronic) located in the gastrointestinal tract. Especially clearly the effect is observed in acute inflammation of the intestine.
Often, basophils in the blood are elevated in the period preceding menstruation.
Constant exposure to small doses of radiation (for example, this applies to those who work with X-ray machines).
Diseases of the circulatory system.

Sometimes, the response is very stormy and swift (anaphylactic shock), then the patient needs the same rapid medical care (injection of adrenaline, hormones), otherwise a sad outcome will quickly come.

Physiological causes

Physiological processes that cause an increase in basophils:

During menstruation, at the beginning of ovulation, when the level of estrogen in the blood rises.
During the recovery of the body after an infection.
Basophils increase as a result of a small exposure to radiation doses, radiologists and laboratory assistants often suffer from it.
After taking contraceptive medications, which contain a large amount of estrogen.

Thus, the causes of basophilia are many, so you should undergo a thorough examination to identify the cause of each specific case. Self-medication is categorically unacceptable.

Elevated basophils in a child

What does it mean? The condition when the basophils in a child are elevated is called basophilia and the causes of its occurrence are different:

Poisoning.
Insect bites.
Helminth infection..
hemolytic anemia.
Deficiency in the blood of iron
Sinusitis is chronic.
nephrotic syndrome.
Infectious diseases
Taking certain medications.
Generalized allergy, drug or food.
Myxedema, or insufficient supply of tissues and organs with thyroid hormones.
Blood diseases: chronic myeloid leukemia, acute leukemia, polycythemia vera, Hodgkin's disease.
Gastrointestinal pathologies of chronic course, for example, ulcerative colitis. Basophils may increase during the transition of an acute disease to an acute form.

A decrease in the level of basophils is possible only with the timely treatment of the underlying disease that caused their increase, while it is necessary to introduce foods containing vitamin B12 (dairy, eggs, kidneys) into the child's diet.

What to do if basophils in the blood are elevated

In most cases, basophilia is cured if the immediate cause of its occurrence is eliminated, in particular, the underlying disease is cured. But in some cases, a high level of basophils can be observed in relatively healthy people., Then you need to use these recommendations:

Increase the saturation of the body with vitamin B12, because it is actively involved in the formation of blood cells and brain function. This can be done by taking special preparations or adding dishes from meat, kidneys, eggs and milk to your diet.
Include iron-containing vitamins and foods in the diet: liver (especially chicken), buckwheat, fish and other seafood.

If basophils in the blood are elevated, in some cases, it is enough to stop taking medications: antithyroid, estrogen-containing and the like. In women, basophilia can be observed during ovulation, in the first days of the menstrual cycle, and also during pregnancy. This is due to a direct relationship between the level of estrogen and progesterone in the blood and the number of basophils.

Source: http://simptomy-lechenie.net/povyshennye-bazofily-v-krovi/

Basophils: functions, norm, increase in blood levels - causes, mechanism and manifestations

Basophils (BASO) are a small group of representatives of the granulocytic series. These small (less than neutrophils in size) cells, after formation, immediately go to the periphery (in the tissue), without creating a reserve in the bone marrow. Basophils do not live long, up to a week.

They weakly phagocytize, but this is not their task. Basophils are carriers of receptors for immunoglobulin E, producers of histamine and other stimulating substances, take part in the coagulation process (they produce an anticoagulant - heparin).

The tissue form of basophils is mastocytes, which are usually called mast cells. There are many basophils in the skin, serous membranes, and also in the connective tissue surrounding the capillary vessels. These leukocytes still have many useful properties, however, the basophils themselves in the blood are nothing at all - 0-1%, but if the body needs them, their number will increase.

There are no lower values.

The norm of basophils in peripheral blood in adults is 0-1%, but this does not mean that they may not be in the body at all, for example, an allergic reaction instantly activates them and their number will increase. There is no such thing as "basophilopenia" in medical practice.

Despite the fact that the leukocyte formula in children tends to change with age, experiencing two crossings, all these changes do not affect basophils - they remain on the same digit of the norm - an average of 0.5% (0-1%), and in a newborn child in general, they can not always be found in a smear.

In general, the ratio of white cells in the formula (in percent) in infants can vary markedly even during the day (crying, anxiety, introduction of complementary foods, temperature changes, diseases), therefore, to obtain a more accurate result, the results are evaluated by absolute values.

The absolute content of basophils in the norm will be in the range: from 0 to 0.09 X 109 / l (0.09 Giga / liter).

The reasons for the increased values of basophils can be various conditions, starting from an immediate reaction to the administration of a drug and ending with a long-term inflammatory process. In a word, the levels of these cells are increased in the case of:

Acute hypersensitivity reactions;
Some hematological diseases (hemophilia, erythremia, hemolytic anemia, chronic myeloid leukemia)
After the introduction of prophylactic vaccines;
Viral infections (chickenpox, flu);
rheumatoid arthritis;
tuberculosis process;
iron deficiency anemia;
nonspecific ulcerative colitis;
Malignant neoplasms of epithelial tissue.

Thus, a general blood test with an increased number of basophilic granulocytes primarily indicates the penetration of a foreign antigen, which, according to its characteristics, absolutely does not fit into the antigenic composition of this organism, therefore the latter tries to reject the enemy as quickly as possible. Sometimes, the answer is very stormy and swift ( anaphylactic shock), then the patient needs the same prompt medical assistance (injection of adrenaline, hormones), otherwise a sad outcome will quickly come.

Important functions of a small group

A large number of stimulating substances, receptors for immunoglobulin E (IgE), cytokines, and complement are concentrated on the surface of basophils. They carry out reactions of immediate type (granulocyte-dependent type), where these cells play a major role. We can see the involvement of basophils in the development of anaphylactic shock. Seconds - and a person needs emergency help.

Basophils produce histamine, serotonin, heparin, proteolytic enzymes, peroxidase, prostaglandins and other biologically active substances (BAS), which are stored in their granules for the time being (this, it turns out, is what they are for). The ingress of a foreign antigen causes basophils to quickly migrate to the place of the "accident" and throw out biologically active substances from their granules, and thereby contribute to restoring order in problem areas (expansion of capillaries, healing of wound surfaces, etc.).

As noted, basophils are participants in the production of a natural anticoagulant - heparin, which prevents blood clotting where this is not necessary, for example, during anaphylaxis, when there is a real danger of developing thrombohemorrhagic syndrome.

Embodying the functional abilities of tissue mast cells, basophils concentrate binding sites with high affinity for IgE (they are called high-affinity receptors - FcεR) on their surfaces, which ideally meet the needs of this class of immunoglobulins (E).

These sites, that is, FcεR receptors, unlike other Fc structures, have the ability to bind antibodies freely moving in the bloodstream, which is why they are classified as high-affinity.

If basophils are naturally endowed with the advantage of possessing such receptors, then free-floating antibodies quickly “feel” them, “sit down” on them and firmly “stick” (bind).

By the way, eosinophils also have the same receptors, so they always accumulate in the areas of immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, where, together with basophils, they perform effector function(cells-effectors of IgE-mediated allergic reactions).

Schematically, all this interaction between antibodies and receptors of basophilic granulocytes can be represented as follows:

Antibodies, moving along the bloodstream, look for suitable receptors that are located on the membranes of basophilic leukocytes. Having found the desired object, antibodies attach to it, which makes it possible to attract antigens similar to their specificity.
Antigens, having penetrated into the body, fall into the waiting for them, associated with basophilic granulocytes, antibodies.
Interacting with antibodies, specific antigens "crosslink" with them, resulting in the formation of IgE aggregates.
The receptors signal to basophils and mast cells to trigger a local inflammatory response. This causes them to become active and begin to release the contents of the granules, that is, biogenic amines and other mediators of immediate hypersensitivity.
In an instant, histamine with serotonin and heparin are released from the granules of basophils (degranulation), causing local expansion of the vessels of the microvasculature in the focus of inflammation. The permeability of the capillary walls increases, the blood flow in this area increases, fluid accumulates in the surrounding tissues, and granulocytes circulating there rush from the blood flow to the place of the “catastrophe”. During degranulation, the basophils themselves do not suffer, their viability remains preserved, everything is simply arranged in such a way that the granules are sent to the cell periphery and go out through the membrane pores.

Such a rapid reaction can become a defender of the body or serve as a factor that attracts other participants in the immune response to the infectious focus:

Neutrophils, which have all the properties of phagocytic cells;
Macrophages and monocytes that capture and process foreign substances;
Lymphocytes that destroy antigens or give commands to produce antibodies;
the antibodies themselves.

But still, first of all, such events (reactions of an immediate type) form the basis for the development of anaphylaxis, and then they are already perceived in a different capacity.

Histamine and serotonin are not characterized by a long-term effect, because these substances cannot exist for a long time. Meanwhile, the local inflammatory focus does not disappear with the cessation of the action of serotonin and histamine, the fight against infection is supported by other components of the reaction (cytokines, vasoactive metabolites - leukotrienes and other substances produced in the focus of inflammation).

Clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis and emergency case - shock

Clinically, an allergic (anaphylactic) reaction can manifest itself:

Anaphylactic shock, which is one of the most severe manifestations of allergies (loss of consciousness, drop in blood pressure) and requires immediate medical attention;
An attack of suffocation in patients with asthma;
Continuous sneezing and swelling of the nasal mucosa (rhinitis);
The appearance of a rash (urticaria).

Obviously, the fastest response of the body to the intake of a foreign antigen is anaphylactic shock. The onset time is seconds.

Many people have witnessed or experienced cases when an insect sting (usually a bee) or the administration of drugs (usually novocaine in a dental office) caused a sharp drop in pressure, which posed a threat to life.

This is anaphylactic shock, which a person who has experienced such a horror should remember for the rest of his life, because the second case will develop even more rapidly. However, each subsequent response is more difficult than the previous one - after all, there are already antibodies. And it’s good if there is an anti-shock first aid kit with adrenaline and glucocorticoids nearby ...

Display all posts with a tag.

Basophils can be attributed to blood cells. Their functional load is to protect the body. They release special substances into the blood during the development of inflammatory diseases. In addition to protection, they are responsible for allergic manifestations.

If basophils are elevated, then this indicates the beginning of the development of pathological changes.

The optimal value depends to a greater extent on the specific age category and individual factors that are worth dwelling on.

Basophils and their role

The need for cells

They protect the human body from the development of various inflammatory, infectious diseases. This type of granulocytes is contained in a minimal amount. Despite this, they play a huge role for its normal functional work.

Monitoring the value of the indicator allows you to identify an exceeded, or normal value.

Important! Cells do not take part in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms. They contribute to the notification of this, signal the body, while throwing out active, specific substances.

In the event that basophils are elevated, additional diagnostics should be carried out, and a doctor should be consulted.

Norms

It should be noted that the normal content of basophils in human blood can be determined using the leukocyte formula. Their rate is in the range of 1% based on the total amount.

Changes in values may be affected by age. The optimal rate for an adult becomes 0.5 - 1%. This value for the child is slightly less, it becomes 0.7 - 0.75.

Functions of basophils

Increasing value

In the event that basophils are elevated, there are a number of reasons that affect this indicator:

diagnosis of cancer of the blood, or lungs of a person;
diseases associated with abnormalities in the endocrine system;
the patient has diabetes;
allergic diseases;
viral, infectious diseases. This number includes hepatitis and other ailments;
diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease;
diseases associated with a violation of the normal functional functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. The indicator exceeds the optimal value for the chronic nature of ailments.

The change in value is influenced by the intake of individual drugs. In this case, it is necessary, according to the recommendations of specialists, to undergo additional studies.

Weakness and anemia

For the first time on critical days, or on the day of ovulation, a situation is observed when basophils are elevated. After that, you should retake the analysis. The reduced value of indicators is not evaluated.

Attention! Even if the basophils in the blood are slightly elevated, you should be additionally examined. This may indicate the beginning of the development of the pathological process.

Deviations in children

In the event that an increase in basophils is observed in a child, then experts consider the cause of this phenomenon. Healthy children have a normal value of the indicator. A change in parameters indicates the presence of an acute or chronic disease.

Causes of increased basophils in the blood

Mass is the factor that affects the change in parameters. Until a child reaches a year, basophilic leukocytes constantly fluctuate. After that, the indicator stabilizes. In the case of an increase in the value, the likelihood of developing neoplasms, or inflammatory diseases, is noted.

Attention! Unlike adult diagnostics, children's performance is assessed both in case of an increase and in case of a decrease.

Allergy - increased basophils

In this case, a lower value may indicate abnormalities in the normal functioning of the bone marrow. Among the reasons for this phenomenon, there are violations in the area of the endocrine system.

Therefore, experts note the great importance of the procedure. In particular, this applies to those babies who have just been born.

critical value

Allocate situations when basophils are elevated. Moreover, there is a fairly rapid increase in the indicator. When a critical value is reached, the patient goes into anaphylactic shock. This is a rather dangerous condition in which the body's reaction to an allergy is manifested. In case of diagnosis of such a condition, the patient is immediately hospitalized. The patient receives first aid.

Important! Anaphylactic shock is a phenomenon quite dangerous for human life. Therefore, timely diagnosis, assistance from medical staff is important.

A course of treatment

When changing the parameters of basophils, self-treatment cannot be used. It is within the competence of a specialist to determine the cause that provoked the pathology. Depending on the form and nature of a particular disease, the doctor makes a diagnosis, after which he prescribes a course of therapy.

After some time, additional monitoring is carried out in order to understand how the treatment worked, what changes it caused.

Basophil control

Important! An increase in indicators in some cases can provoke a lack of B12, iron. In this situation, the patient is prescribed a course of vitamin injections under the supervision of specialists.

conclusions

Basophils play a huge role in the functional work of the whole organism. It is necessary to consult a specialist, diagnostics to determine the level of the indicator. In case of deviation, the doctor identifies the cause that provoked this phenomenon.

As a preventive measure, experts advise eating foods that contain vitamin B12. In particular, these are meat, dairy products, eggs. In the event that the patient normalizes his diet, the body's immune system will be normal. Accordingly, the values of basophils will also be at the optimal level.

It is the diagnosis of these components that helps to identify the disease. It is the analysis with the detection of the level of basophils that helps to detect pathological changes at an early stage and take measures in time.

Basophils are cells from the group of leukocytes, which can rightfully be called scout cells. Like all leukocytes, basophils originate in the bone marrow and from there enter the blood, which carries them to all corners of the human body. If any allergen or harmful microorganism comes across on the way of basophils, their task is to identify the alien in time, “bind” it, preventing it from spreading further, and create increased blood flow in this area.

Thus, a focus of inflammation is created inside, signaling to other protective cells about the danger that has arisen and that it is necessary to destroy the enemy that has entered the body. In order for basophils to perform their duties, they contain a large number of granules in the cytoplasm in which there are active components - prostaglandins, serotonins, heparin, histamines. These compounds are the main weapons of basophils. Basophils are the largest, but also the smallest among other leukocytes.

The norm of basophils in the blood. Result interpretation (table)

The level of basophils in the blood is determined in almost every biochemical blood test. It is prescribed for various diseases, inflammatory processes in the body, during a routine examination and, of course, regularly during pregnancy. The normal content of basophils in the blood is considered if, among other leukocytes, they range from 0.5 to 1%. In children, the norm is slightly lower - 0.4-0.9%.

In the results of the analyzes, the record may look like this:

BA% (basophils) - relative indicator of basophils,
BA (basophils abs.) - absolute number of basophils.

To determine the content of basophils, blood is taken from a finger, in the morning, on an empty stomach.

The norm of basophils in the blood of ordinary people and pregnant women:

If basophils are elevated, this means that the patient has basophilia. This is the name of this state. It is often noted in the final phases of any acute inflammatory process. Very often, basophils increase with acute inflammation occurring in the intestine. But basophils can also be elevated in the presence of chronic diseases in the body.

The level of basophils rises, as a reaction to the ingestion of any allergen. Due to the release of biologically active substances contained in the granules of basophils, an allergic reaction begins - itching, rash, swelling, etc. Other diseases that can cause an increase in the level of basophils in the body:

lung tumors,
lymphogranulomatosis,
decreased thyroid function - hypothyroidism,
ulcerative colitis,
Iron-deficiency anemia,
other types of anemia
myeloid leukemia,
myelofibrosis,
diseases of the circulatory system and the hematopoietic system.

In women, an increase in the level of basophils is often observed in the period immediately before the next menstruation. The same reaction may be to taking certain medications, especially those that contain estrogen. Basophilia is quite normal for those people who have to work constantly with small doses of radiation, for example, with x-ray machines.

If basophils are elevated, what does this mean?

As a rule, a reduced content of basophils in the blood - basopenia - or even their complete absence, does not carry negative information and is not of clinical interest. Although there are exceptions. Diseases that can cause a decrease in the level of basophils:

acute phase of a chronic inflammatory process,
increased function of the thyroid gland - hyperthyroidism,
Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome,
various types of stress.

In all these cases, basopenia is not the main, but an additional factor that must be taken into account when making a diagnosis.

The rate of basophils in the blood may decrease during pregnancy. This should not cause anxiety in the expectant mother and is not a pathology. The decrease in the level of basophils is due to the general suppression of the immune system during this period and is aimed at preventing the rejection of the fetus, which is a foreign formation for the mother's body.