Diffuse fibrosis. How to Diagnose and Treat Diffuse Fibrous Mastopathy

Celandine is listed in the recipes of traditional medicine as a good antitumor agent. And since mastopathy is often seen as the first step towards malignant lesions of the mammary glands, treatment with celandine can be effective in some cases.

Biologically active plant ingredients

Celandine refers to perennial herbaceous poisonous plants. This grass grows extremely much in the European part of Russia and Ukraine, in the territories of the Far East and the Caucasus. It grows everywhere - in vegetable gardens, around housing estates, in the forest, in wastelands.

In folk recipes, both the roots of the plant (they need to be collected in late March - early April) and the tops (stems and flowers should be cut in late May-June) are used.

The composition of the celandine herb includes alkaloid substances (especially a lot of chelidonine, homochelidonine, sanguinarine, chelerythrine), histamine-like amines, flavonoids, vitamins A and C in high concentrations, tannins.

The action of chelidonin resembles morphine - the nervous system is depressed, analgesic, pressure decreases and the pulse slows down. The most poisonous of the active ingredients of celandine is homochelidonin, which belongs to convulsive poisons.

Sanguinarine also has a morphine-like effect and a good antiseptic effect. The local irritating effect is characteristic of chelerythrin.

Amines (in particular histamine) can increase allergic manifestations, lower blood pressure, and cause spasm of smooth muscles.

Recipes based on celandine are used in the treatment of oncological diseases of the breast and uterus, lungs, stomach, skin, as well as for colon polyps, ulcerative colitis, mastopathy, myoma, liver and pancreas diseases, and external skin diseases.

Beneficial effects of the plant for breast tissue

Substances with a morphine-like effect (alkaloids) provide pain relief in severe pain syndrome of mastopathy. In addition, all alkaloids (especially chelerythrin) have an antitumor effect. Vitamins A and C also act as antioxidants and prevent the transition of mastopathy to malignant forms.

Flavonoids (rutin) have a strengthening effect on the vascular wall, which has a beneficial effect on microcirculation in the chest. Sanguinarine has a good anti-inflammatory effect.

Tannins remove toxins, thereby improving metabolic processes in the tissues of the mammary gland.

The main beneficial effect of celandine treatment for mastopathy is, after all, the destruction of cells that have lost their normal functions and, with a high degree of probability, can give impetus to the growth of breast cancer.

Contraindications for admission and side effects

Celandine recipes should not be used as a treatment for various types of mastopathy under the following conditions:

Reduced blood pressure;
Inflammatory diseases of the stomach in the acute phase (gastritis, ulcer);
Pregnancy in any trimester and breastfeeding (due to negative effects on the fetus);
Children under 12;
Epilepsy (there is evidence of an increase in epileptic seizures and a worsening of the course of this disease when taking celandine).

With improper use and overdose, the following side effects and symptoms of celandine poisoning occur: vomiting; allergic rash all over the body or itching and redness at the site of application of celandine; asthma attacks; strong thirst; pain in the stomach; fainting due to low blood pressure; heart disease (atherosclerosis, angina pectoris).

If at least one of the above symptoms appeared a short time after ingestion of celandine or application to the skin of the chest with mastopathy, it is necessary to rinse the stomach well or wash the skin from the external medicine and stop treatment with this plant.

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Methods of preparation and reception options

The main forms of taking celandine, the recipes of which are used in the treatment of breast diseases, are:

Before you start using celandine in the treatment of mastopathy, remember once again that this is a poisonous substance, and in addition to beneficial effects, there may be side effects. Be sure to consult with your doctor about the choice of method of administration and dosage of celandine.

When preparing a tincture or ointment on your own, be sure to strictly adhere to the recipes. If you use this herb carefully, in small doses, carefully listen to the body's response to the use of celandine, then it is quite possible to hope for a decrease in the symptoms of mastopathy.

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aching or drawing pains in the chest before menstruation ...
sensations of swelling and swelling of the mammary glands. It's like your breasts are getting bigger...
tension, seals and nodules. Feel the lymph nodes under the arm...
nipple discharge...
change in the shape of the breast, the skin on the nipples retracted and cracks appeared ...
weight change...

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Pathological processes that develop in the mammary glands provoke the formation of cysts and nodes. Such formations are called fibrosis, and are classified as benign. The disease usually does not pose a serious danger to life. Diffuse fibrosis of the mammary glands is currently diagnosed frequently. Various factors influence the development of this disease. The danger lies in the fact that at the initial stage, a woman does not feel any changes and symptoms. Neoplasms are detected when examining the mammary glands by a specialist.

Benign seals and neoplasms in the chest appear as a result of the development of a disease such as fibrosis. Depending on the nature, localization of formations, focal and diffuse types of the disease are distinguished.

The first case is characterized by the formation of single foci, which are small in size. Diffuse fibrosis, in turn, captures all the tissues of the gland.

Experts name various reasons that can provoke the development of the pathological process.

The following factors contribute to the appearance of the disease:

genetic predisposition
Numerous
Hormonal disorders (increased estrogen production)
Refusal to breastfeed
Sexual disorders (anorgasmia)
Gynecological pathologies

Women who do not want to have children, or who become pregnant for the first time after 35, should consider that they are at risk. The chances of encountering diffuse fibrosis of the mammary glands in the future increase dramatically. If there is a history of inflammatory diseases of the ovaries, liver, there is also a risk of developing diffuse mastopathy.

Hormonal disorders are the main cause of the onset of the disease.

Learn more about this disease from the proposed video program Live Healthy with Elena Malysheva.

Clinical manifestations of the disease

Doctors warn that the pathology can be completely asymptomatic at the initial stage and not cause discomfort. The first characteristic signs can be observed in the second half.

The woman feels aching, arching pain in the chest area, which radiates to the shoulder and neck. The mammary glands swell, become painful and hard to the touch.

On palpation, uniform seals (nodules) are felt that have a granular appearance. From the mammary glands (when pressing on the nipple), a liquid resembling colostrum is released. Another characteristic symptom is an increase in the axillary region. Discomfort and pain become less pronounced with the onset of the next menstruation.

If cystic components predominate, the development of seals with fluid accumulated inside is observed. The cystic type of diffuse fibrosis is often diagnosed in women during menopause. There is also a mixed form of the course of the pathological process.

It should be remembered that the appearance of nodules is only the beginning of the disease. In the absence of proper treatment, diffuse mastopathy will lead to more serious consequences. Benign neoplasms can turn into malignant. Therefore, it is important to regularly visit doctors, in particular a mammologist, and promptly treat any pathology of a gynecological nature.

Natural and long-term breastfeeding has a positive effect on women's health.

Hormonal disorders can provoke the development of quite serious ailments, one of which is the pathology of the mammary glands in women. Diffuse fibrosis refers to benign degeneration of gland tissues. However, in the absence of therapy, the disease can cause severe. It is recommended to treat the pathological condition with conservative methods, individually selected for each patient.

Diffuse fibrous mastopathy of the mammary glands is a disease that occurs as a result of hormonal imbalance. An excess of estrogens and an insufficient amount of progesterone in a woman's body lead to pathological division of the connective tissue and the growth of the chest frame. Changes affect the inner epithelial layer of the thoracic ducts - active cell division leads to the fact that the lumen narrows, and later completely overlaps. Fibrosis of superficial tissues is formed. With further growth and dysplasia of the thoracic lobules, seals (scars) form - connective fibrosis develops. Along with this, there are single or numerous cystic neoplasms - cavities filled with liquid contents.

Diffuse fibrous mastopathy can develop in one breast or in both glands at once. In the latter case, we are talking about bilateral localization of fibrous mastopathy.

Despite the fact that the concept of diffuse fibrous mastopathy means benign formations, breast diseases should be identified and investigated as early as possible. Observation by a mammologist and adequate treatment will help prevent the degeneration of pathologically altered tissues into malignant ones.

Reasons for the development of fibrous mastopathy

According to experts, the cause of the loss of hormonal balance in the female body may be the presence of at least one of the following factors:

Pathological processes of reproductive function. The first place belongs to inflammation of the genital organs, which are of infectious origin, etc.

Abortion. The body of a pregnant woman, in particular the mammary glands, is gradually rebuilt, preparing to feed the baby. An artificially interrupted pregnancy disrupts the natural course of events and often causes the development of fibrous or cystic mastopathy.
Pathology of the endocrine system. Among the most common are overweight, thyroid disease, diabetes, etc.
Irregular menstrual cycle. In this case, there is a hormonal imbalance at different periods of the cycle.
Improper use of hormone-containing drugs, such as contraceptives.
Dissatisfaction with intimate life.
Abrupt cessation or complete refusal of breastfeeding.
Repetitive stressful situations.
Bad habits - smoking, alcohol abuse. These include excessive doses of ultraviolet radiation on the beach under the scorching sun or in the solarium. Topless fire is especially dangerous.
Injury to the breast.
An inherited tendency. The risk of getting sick with mastopathy is many times higher if the closest relatives had similar problems.

Forms of diffuse mastopathy

Given the characteristics of the predominant morphological changes in the structure of breast tissues, which are confirmed by mammograms, there are five forms of diffuse mastopathy:

Adenosis, or adenoma (diffuse mastopathy with a predominance of the glandular component). This is a process of cell division that proceeds abnormally. It occurs in young women 20-30 years old, but most often remains unidentified until 40. During this period, glandular tissues are gradually replaced by fatty and fibrous ones.
Sclerosing adenosis. This form of the disease is characterized by the growth of lobules, but the outer and inner tissues remain intact. Mostly, the pathology develops in women 30-40 years old, but it can be both after 50 and in very young people. Sclerosing benign formations are small seals that are sensitive and painful to palpation.
Diffuse mastopathy (with a predominance of the cystic component). Probing reveals tissue compaction, small nodules and small cysts of oval and rounded shapes. Palpation causes pain. After the end of menstruation, the changes decrease or disappear.
Fibroadenomatosis (diffuse mastopathy with a predominance of the fibrous component). The neoplasm has clear boundaries, elastic consistency, no capsule. Benign tumors can reach a diameter of 50 mm. Increased attention is caused by fibroadenomas from 10 mm in size. Fibroadenomatosis is a more characteristic disease of older women.
Fibrocystic form. It occurs due to excessive growth of tissues, seals are formed with clear boundaries, limited by the boundaries of the glandular lobule. This form of the disease is most common in middle-aged women. Often occurs with a violation of the reproductive function and cycle - ovulation, menstruation. Formations can be detected by palpation, they do not disappear with the end of menstruation. Seals with a diameter of 0.2-2 cm are located separately from one another, not soldered, retain little mobility.

Diffuse mastopathy of each form can be differentiated by the degree of development. It is customary to single out minor, moderate and pronounced mastopathy changes in the tissues of the mammary gland.

Symptoms in the presence of diffuse fibrous formations

Fibrous mastopathy is diagnosed in almost 50% of the female population. The earlier the pathology is detected and treatment is started, the more effective it will be. At the onset of the disease, signs of diffuse mastopathy are not pronounced and may go unnoticed. Therefore, it is important to be attentive to your health and highlight the symptoms characteristic of pathological changes. Among the very first:

Manifestation of breast tenderness during the luteal phase. That is, immediately after ovulation before the onset of bleeding. The duration of the period is 13-14 days.
Breast enlargement, heaviness.
Pressure, discomfort of mammary glands.
Bright premenstrual syndrome (PMS) indicates hormonal problems.

If the pathological process is not identified, it progresses. The severity of all signs is gradually aggravated, new ones are added:

The soreness of the mammary glands increases if there are neoplasms in both. In this case, the pain continues after the end of menstruation.
Painful tight places in the chest are formed. When palpated, the discomfort increases. The larger the formations reach, the more discomfort they cause.
Liquid serous discharge from the nipple appears.

Having found even one of the listed symptoms, you should immediately contact a mammologist or gynecologist.

The disease can progress slowly or become more noticeable due to hormonal disorders. Then the violation of ovulation and menstruation will join the signs.

Diagnosis of diffuse mastopathy

Proper, complete and timely examination is the key to success in the fight against any disease. Such a diagnosis of diffuse mastopathy with a predominant fibrous component may include a number of actions, the presence and sequence of which is almost always recommended by a mammologist.

self-examination

Starting from the age of 20, every woman should independently examine the mammary glands every month. The inspection must be done on the same day. For example, 2 or 3 after the end of menstruation. During pregnancy and lactation, you should treat your health with no less attention.

Slowly, in the supine position, feel both breasts in turn with your thumb, index and middle fingers. Then, standing in front of a mirror, check if the symmetry of the glands, the shape of the nipple, the skin tone, and if there are any discharges when you press on the chest and on the inside of the bra cup. If you notice a deviation from the norm, consult a doctor.

Consult with a specialist

Schedule a visit to the mammologist for the period from the 7th to the 10th day of the menstrual cycle. This will avoid misdiagnosis. First, the doctor will interview the patient about the presence of complaints. Then he will conduct a detailed examination of the mammary glands. Assess the symmetry of their contours, the condition of the skin, palpate glands and lymph nodes that are closely located. If palpation reveals signs of tissue compaction or homogeneous neoplasms, additional tests and studies are prescribed.

Mammography is an x-ray of the breast. Research should be carried out from the 5th to the 12th day of the cycle. They allow in almost 95% of cases to determine whether there are morphological changes in the tissues of the mammary gland, their localization and the size of the formations. This is the most informative type of diagnostics, which detects even small pathological areas. Dense tissues appear on an x-ray as an irregularly shaped shadow with fuzzy edges.

Mammographic studies are performed with compression of the mammary gland. Pictures are taken in two projections - direct / oblique or direct / lateral. It is recommended to have a mammogram every two years. Pregnant and lactating women should avoid this procedure.

Ultrasound procedure

Ultrasound is a completely safe study, which is indicated for women of any age, pregnant and breastfeeding. It allows you to analyze the structure of the lymph nodes, breast tissue, to establish the nature of the formations, their size (more than 1 cm) and location.

Biopsy, cytological studies

To exclude the presence of oncological formations, a biopsy (puncture) of compacted tissues is used. It involves the introduction of a needle into the area under study, with the help of which a small amount of tissue is taken. During sampling, the doctor monitors the procedure on an ultrasound monitor. The usual procedure is considered to be painless, so anesthetic drugs are not used. If the material to be studied is deep, a thicker needle and local anesthesia are used. The resulting sample is sent to a laboratory for cytological examination under a microscope.

If during the examination, discharge from the nipple was noticed, they are collected for a sample. The greatest alertness is caused by a liquid with streaks of blood. A cytological examination of the selected material is carried out in the laboratory.

It is important to make sure that the pathological changes are not malignant. In the presence of oncology, there is a need for surgical intervention.

Other studies

In the presence of pathological changes and discharge from the nipple, ductography is recommended. The study helps to study the state of the ducts of the gland.

A blood test is taken to determine the general condition of the body and establish the hormonal background of the patient. If the doctor considers it necessary, he will refer you for consultations to a gynecologist, endocrinologist, psychotherapist. After the conclusion of specialists, receiving the results of the tests, the mammologist will develop and offer the patient an individual plan for carrying out therapeutic measures and treatment.

Treatment of diffuse mastopathy is a set of conservative measures that include medications, elimination of provoking factors, adherence to the principles of a healthy diet. When choosing specific methods, the hormonal background of the woman's body, her age, concomitant health problems, and the degree of development of the disease are necessarily taken into account. The recommended complex is aimed at:

Normalization of hormonal background. The specific drug, dosage and method of its use should be determined by the doctor. Self-treatment with hormones can lead to even greater problems. To stabilize the ratio of hormones, progesterone analogues are prescribed (Urozhestan, Duphaston). The antiestrogen drug Tamoxifen will help fight fibrotic pathologies. Hormone replacement Levial is intended for patients in menopausal age.
Strengthening the protective resources of the female body with the help of immunostimulating drugs.
Normalization of the nervous system. Since one of the main reasons for the development and progression of the disease is stress, sedatives will help relieve nervous tension. It is useful to use natural recipes - tinctures, teas with valerian, motherwort, hops, etc.
Stabilization of liver functions. An important role in hormonal metabolism belongs to the normal functioning of this organ. You can support it by using hepatoprotective drugs. For example, Essentiale, Hofitol, Legalon, Heptral, etc.
Reduction or removal of pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed by a doctor.
Replenishment of missing vitamins and minerals. A balanced amount of vitamins A, C, E, group B in the female body contributes to a stable metabolism in the liver and mammary glands. The complex preparation Triovit, in addition to the listed elements, contains selenium.
Restoration of hormonal balance with the help of phytopreparations. Klamin, Mastodinon, Fitolon combine bioactive components and microelements (iodine, potassium, silver, calcium, etc.), they are able to normalize the menstrual cycle.
Removal of swelling of the mammary glands. To remove excess fluid from the body, drugs with a diuretic (diuretic) effect are prescribed.

Traditional medicine are auxiliary, but effective methods of dealing with diffuse mastopathy. Teas, infusions, decoctions can be used as diuretics, immunomodulatory, tonic, anti-inflammatory. With the help of cold and warm (not hot!) applications, compresses, you can reduce pain, relieve inflammation, and activate internal metabolic processes.

The use of physiotherapy procedures helps to treat pathologically altered glands more productively. Among the most commonly used: magnetotherapy, electrophoresis, laser therapy, balneotherapy and others.

Women with diagnosed diffuse fibrous mastopathy should follow a special diet. It is necessary to give up coffee, chocolate, spicy foods, cola. Scientific research data suggests that the listed products contain methylxanthines, which provoke the growth of fibrous tissues. It is worth limiting fatty foods of animal origin, fried, smoked foods, margarine, alcohol. The diet should be dominated by fiber-rich and dairy products, a sufficient amount of liquid (herbal teas, pure or still mineral water, etc.).

Treatment should be regular and carried out under the supervision of a mammologist, combined with a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, and a visit to a psychotherapist. Otherwise, the running process can degenerate into a malignant disease.