Eye drops. Eye drops (eye drops) - classification, features and indications for use, analogues, reviews, prices

Fatigue, dry eye syndrome, redness, irritation, poor vision, various infections - the solution to all these problems does not come without the use of special drops. They are needed both for the treatment and for the prevention of ophthalmic diseases. When choosing them, consider the following:

1. Type of product. If you are looking for drops for fatigue, then an appropriate note should be made in the indications for their use. The same goes for other eye problems. For the treatment of conjunctivitis, blepharitis and other infectious diseases, antibacterial agents are needed. In order to eliminate redness, vasoconstrictor drugs are needed.
2. Volume. You should not immediately buy several bottles, it is better to take fresh ones immediately before using them.
3. Contraindications.
4. Side effects.
5. Package. The most convenient are plastic bottles, for the use of which a separate pipette is not needed. But you can’t do without it if you choose drops in glass ampoules.

To compile the rating, user reviews were taken as the basis. Here we took into account the opinion of buyers about the effectiveness of eye drops, their advantages and disadvantages. The drugs were analyzed according to such parameters as purpose, volume, contraindications, side effects, packaging.

There are contraindications. Check with your doctor.

The best eye drops for tiredness and redness

Let's start with drugs to relieve inflammation and fatigue, because these problems bother almost everyone in the age of computer technology. Eye drops are relevant for office workers and drivers. After analyzing the options available on the market, we chose the top three of them.

3 Vizin

Best Pick of the Year
Country: France
Average price: 298 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.2

Vizin combines optimal quality and low price, thanks to which he took third place. It is recommended by ophthalmologists for hyperemia, allergic conjunctivitis, tearing, redness and increased eye fatigue. Reviews speak of its complex effect on the organs of vision.

Users note that the tool helps already for 3-4 days, the effect lasts for almost 12 hours. True, there are also disadvantages here - drops cannot be used for more than 4 days in a row, they sting your eyes. Therefore, it is better to abandon the drug with increased sensitivity of the mucosa.

2 Systane Ultra

The most effective composition
Country: Spain
Average price: 193 rub. (3 ml) and 950 rubles. (15 ml)
Rating (2019): 4.6

Systane was awarded the second place due to the multifaceted effect shown in the elimination of irritation, inflammation and dry eye syndrome, relieving fatigue when working at a computer. As the reviews show, despite the small volume of the 10 mg bottle, this is quite enough for a course of treatment of 1-2 weeks.

Among the shortcomings, one should highlight the ban on the combination of these eye drops with others and the requirement to withstand about 20 minutes between procedures. One of their advantages is the possibility of using the drug during pregnancy. It is also important that there are no cases of overdose.

1 Lecrolin

The most advantageous offer
Country: Finland
Average price: 160 rub. (20 ml) and 210 rubles. (40 ml)
Rating (2019): 4.9

Lekrolin is the most effective anti-allergic, soothing and anti-inflammatory drug. He showed himself well in the treatment of both diseases in acute and chronic forms. Unlike many analogues, it can be used for children over 4 years old.

The advantages of the product are a small number of contraindications, compatibility with other means. The disadvantage, as the reviews show, may be the need to use eye drops 4 times a day. In some cases, a small veil appears, which subsides after a couple of minutes.

Best moisturizing eye drops for dry eyes

Dry eye syndrome needs to be treated with special drops, which should contain moisturizing ingredients. Their advantage lies in the mild effect, so they are suitable even for sensitive mucous membranes. Here, these three tools have proven themselves best.

3 Japanese eye drops Sante FX

The fastest result
Country: Japan
Average price: 700 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Despite the high price, Japanese Sante FX drops are very popular. According to reviews, they help not only with dry mucous membranes, but also with itching, blepharitis, eye fatigue, shroud, conjunctivitis. That is why the tool will always be relevant in your first aid kit. It contains vitamin B6 and other biologically active ingredients that nourish and strengthen the shell.

Eye drops are designed specifically for office workers who have to look at a monitor for a long time. They are also shown for drivers who drive at night. However, there is no therapeutic effect, only preventive. Drops relieve irritation, reduce the production of substances that cause burning. Buyers warn about the "frosty" effect: immediately after use, it is difficult to open the eyes, the aroma is too minty. It is recommended to pay attention to the packaging, the freshness index is indicated there.

2 Allergodil

Cost effective proven product
Country: Germany
Average price: 900 rub. (6 ml) and 1350 rubles. (10 ml)
Rating (2019): 4.8

Allergodil can be called the best eye drops for moisturizing the mucosa due to their instant effect and gentle composition. They have successfully passed numerous clinical studies and are recommended both for the prevention and treatment of diseases. Against the background of other funds, they are distinguished by economical consumption (only 1 drop 4 times a day).

The reviews write about compatibility with most drugs, they are suitable for complex treatment. In the first minutes after use, there is heaviness in the eyes and bitterness in the mouth, then relief comes. The tool is shown to be taken for several weeks, then take a break. It is necessary to instill the drug 3-4 times a day, the effect is short-term. It is quickly spent, the full course is expensive.

1 Optimized

Fast acting, help with lens wear
Country Russia
Average price: 120 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

The title of the best was deservedly received by Optimed, which contains succinic acid. Drops remove dryness struggling with lack of oxygen. The composition is hypoallergenic, safe for children. The drug is advised by doctors when meeting with lenses. The formula has moisturizing components that support the eyes in a comfortable state. A nice bonus is the handy bottle. After opening, you need to use the product for a month, which is rare. As a result, part of the drug is wasted.

The reviews say excellent moisturizing properties, advising to take drops twice a day. They write that you can forget about the lenses in the eyes, they do not cause discomfort. The formula does not pinch even irritated mucous membranes, the effect lasts for many hours. Relief comes instantly, discomfort goes away. Drops shown not only for lenses, they are great help to remove fatigue after a long day in front of a monitor screen.

The best drops to improve vision

Whatever caused this problem, it requires immediate correction. In addition to charging and ingesting vitamins, you should use the drops proposed in the rating to improve vision. They are useful for both farsightedness and nearsightedness.

3 Avizor Moisture Drops

Protect from aggressive environmental influences
Country: Spain
Average price: 470 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.2

Avizor Moisture Drops designed to protect the eyes from the wind, in hot weather. They take away the feeling dryness , help in smoky rooms. The Spanish company adds hyaluronic acid, which is able to absorb water many times its weight. The formula stays on the surface of the eyes for a long time, prevents dehydration of the cornea, and prevents the lenses from drying out. For the whole day there is a feeling of comfort and freshness.

The reviews note the duration of the drops, talking about the unique properties of hyaluronic acid. The formula justifies the high cost of the drug a little, it gives relief for a long time. Drops improve the condition of the eyes, vision becomes crisp and clear. However, the packaging is scolded, it is difficult to get the right amount of funds. In one bottle as much as 15 ml of the drug, and the shelf life is 2 months. Many do not have time to use drops, they have to throw away an expensive remedy.

2 Visomitin

The best ratio of price and quality
Country Russia
Average price: 495 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Visomitin is recognized as the best due to its gentle eye care and impact on vision from the inside. According to reviews, it copes with several tasks at once - it facilitates the treatment of farsightedness and myopia, and prevents degeneration of the lacrimal gland. The drug effectively eliminates dryness and veil before the eyes.

Users focus on the safety of the composition and its slow consumption. Its huge advantage lies in the absence of itching and pinching after use. The reason for this is the low concentration of the solution.

1 Oftilla

The best natural product
Country: Italy
Average price: 133 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Oftylla solution is designed to instantly moisturize tired eyes. manufacturer used the best natural ingredients: extracts of mallow and chamomile. They relieve fatigue, eliminate discomfort after lenses. The remedy is indicated for people with weak tear production. The drug preserves the natural film, reduces the time of adaptation to the lenses, helps after a long time watching TV. Drops instantly eliminate irritation, have anti-inflammatory properties.

The reviews praise the mild soothing effect. At first, an enveloping effect is felt, the eyes become fresh. Drops are called one of best for poor eyesight and frequent lens wear. The tool is indicated for prevention, recommended for office workers. Drops are consumed slowly, the packaging is enough for several months. In the minuses, buyers attributed not most Handy bottle, easy to squeeze out the right amount. With serious problems, the tool will not cope.

The best eye drops for conjunctivitis, blepharitis and keratitis

Treatment of infectious ophthalmic diseases always begins with the appointment of special drops. They destroy dangerous bacteria and prevent them from multiplying, thereby eliminating itching, redness and irritation. Here you can recommend the three most reliable options for drops.

3 Tsiprolet

Best price
Country: India
Average price: 61 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.3

Funds cheaper than Tsiprolet are very difficult to find. At the same time, the volume here is quite decent - 5 mg, and it is enough for 1-2 weeks of regular use. The drug is effective in the fight against a variety of infections, salmonella, staphylococcus and many others are sensitive to it. others

According to reviews, the drops are perfectly absorbed and in just a few days they improve well-being with blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis. Of great importance is the absence of strict age restrictions, it can be applied starting from 1 year. But if a woman is in an "interesting" position and is breastfeeding, then this option is not for her.

2 Levomycetin

Most affordable
Country Russia
Average price: 68 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Levomycetin is one of the cheapest drugs with a powerful antimicrobial effect. As practice shows, to solve the problem, it is enough to use 1 drop three times a day. Users speak positively even about a short course of treatment, averaging only 1 week. These eye drops are compatible with all drugs. But you should be extremely careful, because with an overdose, temporary blurred vision is possible.

The reviews warn that immediately after instillation, the eyes turn a little red, but after 10 minutes the discomfort disappears. The most pronounced effect occurs after 3-4 days, then gradually decreases. The comments talk about stress relief, a feeling of freshness. However, drops are not suitable for long-term use, pain appears. You need to take breaks. The shelf life of the product is short, it is difficult to use it completely.

1 Xalatamax

Reliable, proven product
Country: Croatia
Average price: 1215 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

If you want a powerful anti-glaucoma remedy with an immediate effect, then Xalatamax will be the best choice for this. It is based on active ingredients - sodium hydrogen phosphate, benzalkonium chloride, etc. They quickly penetrate the cornea and instantly affect it.

They have the ability to stop the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms and inhibit their development. These medicines are used in all areas of medicine, including ophthalmology. Antibacterial eye drops allow you to cope with the inflammatory process of infectious etiology and relieve the symptoms of the disease. They are used only as directed by a specialist. The doctor determines the treatment regimen and the optimal dosage.

Indications for appointment

In modern ophthalmology, eye drops with an antibiotic in the composition are prescribed if the patient is diagnosed with an inflammatory process, the development of which is provoked by a bacterial pathogen. A specialist can prescribe such drugs to a patient in the following cases:

• treatment or prevention of keratitis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, purulent processes, meibomitis;
• complex treatment of viral or adenovirus infection;
• prevention of the development of inflammation after an eye injury;
• prevention of ophthalmic pathologies after surgery.

Even the most innocuous eye diseases can lead to deterioration or loss of vision. Therefore, do not neglect the appointments of an ophthalmologist. Antibacterial eye drops effectively fight pathogens at the local level and help prevent the development of complications.

What antibiotics are used in ophthalmology?

Antibacterial drops contain components that can kill pathogenic microorganisms or prevent their growth and development. In the first case, we are talking about a bacteriostatic effect, and in the second, there is a bactericidal effect. These properties are different

In ophthalmic practice, almost all known types of antibacterial substances are used: fluoroquinols, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, chloramphenicols and sulfonamides. Each group has a certain spectrum of action and contraindications. Therefore, only an ophthalmologist (oculist) can select on an individual basis, taking into account the age of the patient, the presence of a history of allergic reactions, antibacterial eye drops.

List of popular antibacterial eye drops

When choosing eye drops with an antibiotic, you need to pay attention to the composition. Some components may cause an allergic reaction. The sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms to the active substance should also be taken into account.

The following antibacterial eye drops are considered effective:

• "Tobrex";
• "Levomitsetin";
• "Albucid";
• "Normax";
• "Sulfacyl-sodium";
• "Tsipromed";
• "Floxal";
• "Sofradex";
• "Vitabakt";
• "Tobradex";
• "Fucitalmic";
• Oftadex.

The duration of treatment with antibacterial eye drops will depend on the severity of the patient's condition. Positive dynamics is observed already on the 2-3rd day after the start of therapy. If there is no improvement, the patient should consult an ophthalmologist.

Antibiotic eye drops for children

In children, inflammatory diseases are more common than in adult patients. The causative agents of such pathologies are usually streptococci, staphylococci and Haemophilus influenzae. The most common pathology is conjunctivitis. The disease can have a bacterial, viral and allergic etiology. In the first case, doctors always prescribe antibacterial eye drops.

Selected with extreme care. can be prescribed only after determining the type of pathogen pathology. In inflammatory infectious processes, babies are most often prescribed drops such as Tobrex, Albucid, Ciprofloxacin, Floksal.

Antibacterial eye drops for newborns are instilled immediately after birth. This practice helps prevent the development of an infectious pathology caused by passage through the birth canal.

Drops "Tobrex"

The drug "Tobrex" is considered, the active substance of which is tobramycin from the group of aminoglycosides. The drug is highly effective, it is often prescribed for the treatment of various diseases in ophthalmology. Newborns (under medical supervision) may also be prescribed these antibacterial eye drops.

Children's drops "Tobrex" are used in pediatric practice for the treatment of conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis and other inflammatory processes. The tool effectively eliminates inflammation, relieves swelling and fights pathogenic pathogens: staphylococci, Klebsiella, streptococci, diphtheria and Escherichia coli.

The drug rarely causes side effects. Sometimes patients complain of the appearance of pain in the eyes, redness and swelling of the eyelids.

Dosage

For adult patients, according to the instructions, the agent is instilled 1-2 drops up to 6 times a day (every 4 hours). Duration of treatment - 7-10 days. Improvements are usually seen on day 2. The amount of purulent discharge decreases, redness and burning disappear.

Children are allowed to instill 1 drop of the drug up to 5 times a day. The exact dosage should be calculated by a pediatrician or ophthalmologist, taking into account the age of the small patient. Tobrex drops can be used for 7 days.

"Sulfacyl-sodium": who are these eye drops suitable for?

An antimicrobial agent is able to cope with blenorrhea in newborns, conjunctivitis, keratitis, purulent ulcers and other eye diseases. Drops have antiseptic, bactericidal and antibacterial action. Prevent the development of pathogenic bacteria (gram-negative and gram-positive).

Adult patients are instilled with 1-2 drops of Sulfacil-sodium. Multiplicity of application of the product - up to 5-6 times a day. The solution can be 10, 20 or 30%. During the period of gestation, a woman may be prescribed these antibacterial eye drops. For pregnant women, the remedy is absolutely safe. Also, drops are used if it is necessary to treat infectious eye diseases during lactation.

Newborn babies are instilled immediately after birth. "Sulfacyl-sodium" effectively prevents the development of a bacterial infection. For treatment, a 10 or 20% solution is used.

Means "Fucitalmik"

Antibacterial eye drops "Flucitalmik" have the form of a viscous suspension and are distributed in tubes of 5 g. The product is also available in liquid form. The antimicrobial effect of the drug is provided by fusidic acid, a substance produced during biosynthesis by the fungus Fusidium coccineum. The component shows activity in relation to staphylococci, Haemophilus influenzae and streptococci.

The viscous consistency of the drug provides a longer therapeutic effect. The tool can be used to treat blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis in adults and children. It is much easier for babies to drip a viscous suspension into their eyes than drops.

For the treatment of children and adult patients, it is necessary to use the medication twice a day. The duration of therapy is 7 days.

The drug "Flucitalmik" rarely causes side effects. A contraindication to the appointment is only intolerance to the components in the composition of the product. During pregnancy and lactation, antibacterial drops can only be prescribed by the attending physician if the expected benefit significantly outweighs the risk of side effects.

Antibacterial eye drops while wearing lenses

If the rules for wearing, storing and hygiene of lenses are not followed, various inflammatory processes can develop: keratitis, conjunctivitis. If a bacterial infection is attached, you will have to use antibacterial eye drops. At the time of treatment of the pathology, you should stop wearing lenses. Antibacterial components in the composition of the preparations can cause their turbidity.

The first and most effective remedy for relieving inflammation and redness of the eyes is drops. Like every drug, they have pharmacological properties, features and patterns of use. The list of the most popular and frequently prescribed includes antiseptics, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and prophylactic drugs.

Dosage forms in solutions that are injected into the conjunctival sac are eye drops. They can be water, oil or suspension. Any of the forms of the solution meets the following requirements:

1. To protect the conjunctiva from infection, the medicine must be sterile. This is achieved by following the rules of asepsis and sterilization.
2. Mechanical impurities are excluded. Therefore, when preparing the dosage form, it undergoes a thorough filtration.


3. Solutions should be comfortable, isotonic, with an optimal indicator corresponding to the osmotic pressure of the lacrimal fluid. For this purpose, sodium chlorides and sulfates, boric acid are used in production.
4. Dosage forms must have a chemically stable formula. To ensure this, special stabilizers are added to them and sterilization takes place in a gentle mode.
5. The lacrimal fluid has a peculiarity: it quickly flushes out aqueous solutions. In order to prolong the action of the dosage form in the conjunctival cavity, they additionally include prolonging components.

In ophthalmic practice, drops are prescribed for therapeutic and preventive measures of the anterior sections of the eyes, outer membranes and eyelids. Their composition can be single-component or combined.

Antiseptics

The drugs on this list are prescribed for the treatment of infections, "red eye syndrome", with traumatic injuries, inflammation, after removal of foreign bodies. These means of complex action give an antiseptic, deodorizing, disinfecting and anti-inflammatory effect.

Vitabact

Release form: 0.05% solution in a 10 ml vial.

A broad-spectrum drug is used in the treatment of fungal, bacterial, viral infections of the anterior part of the eye. For preventive purposes, it is prescribed after operations and injuries.

The main active ingredient: picloxidine dihydrochloride destroys the cell membranes of bacteria, fungi, viruses, thereby leading to their death.

To improve tolerance and effectiveness, two auxiliary components are introduced into the composition of the drug:

• Polysorbate keeps the concentration of picloxidine on the cornea
• Dextrose provides osmotic activity and mucosal tolerance.

Okomistin

Release form: 0.01% solution in a 10 ml vial.

The main component is the antiseptic benzyldimethyl. It affects chlamydia, fungi, herpeviruses, staphylococci, streptococci. The drug is an isotonic solution, close to the lacrimal fluid, so its use is painless and comfortable.

Indicated for the treatment of acute and chronic conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis. Antiseptic drops are prescribed for prophylactic purposes after surgical interventions.

The use of Okomistin is safe, therefore it is allowed in pediatric practice for children from the first days of life, for pregnant and lactating women.

Antiseptic solutions are used 1–2 drops every 4–6 hours for a course of treatment of 7–10 days. For preventive purposes, they are used three times a day.

Anti-inflammatory drops

Medicines in this group are represented by two types. These are synthetic hormonal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Dexamethasone

The main active component of dexamethasone is a synthetic substance, an analogue of the hormone of the adrenal cortex.

Eye drops with a pronounced anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic, anti-exudative action. The drug penetrates well into all tissues of the anterior part of the eye and appendages, acting from 4 to 8 hours.

Course of treatment: from 10 days to two weeks.

It is prescribed for non-purulent, purulent conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, optic neuritis, for the prevention of an inflammatory reaction after surgical interventions, burns and injuries.

The tool is contraindicated in purulent pathologies, viral infection, increased intraocular pressure.

Refers to prescription drugs.

Prenacid

The main active ingredient of the drug: disodium disonide phosphate. This compound belongs to synthetic glucocorticoids and has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive effect.

It is prescribed for organic pathologies, thermal, chemical, traumatic injuries of the anterior part of the eye and appendages.

The course of treatment is from 12 days to two weeks. For special indications, the period may be extended up to a month.

Tobradex

Combined preparation in the form of a suspension, which combines two components:

• Dexamethasone provides anti-inflammatory properties.
• Antimicrobial function is achieved by tobramycin, an antibiotic with a wide spectrum of action.

Drops are prescribed for bacterial infections and inflammation of the anterior sections of the eye, for prophylaxis in the postoperative period.

The course of treatment with the drug: 7-10 days.

The drug is contraindicated in children under 1 year old, pregnant and breastfeeding.

diclofenac

The main active component of the drops, a derivative of sodium phenylacetic acid, diclofenac belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory substances.

The drug acts as an anesthetic that relieves swelling.

The course of treatment with eye drops: from one to three weeks.

Analogue of the drug: Diclo-F eye drops.

Indocollier

The main component of the product, a derivative of acetic acid, belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory substances. Acts on the focus of infection, relieves pain, swelling.

The course of treatment with eye drops: from seven days and as prescribed by a doctor up to four weeks.

It is used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes for inflammation of the eye of various origins, injuries, before and after cataract surgery.

The drug is contraindicated in children under 2 years of age, pregnant and breastfeeding.

Antibiotics, bacteriostatics

The preparations of this group include active active ingredients of synthetic or natural origin, which are detrimental to pathogenic microorganisms. The range of their application in ophthalmic treatment is quite wide. They are indicated in the treatment of bacterial blepharitis, conjunctivitis, barley, dacryocystitis, keratitis and other acute and chronic eye infections.

Means for treatment are divided into two large groups:

• Antibacterial (aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones).
• Sulfanilamide.

The choice of one or another remedy is made by a specialist, taking into account age, spectrum of exposure, expected tolerance, sensitivity of the infection to the drug.

Tsipromed, Floksal, Signicef

Eye drops with the main component of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride - an antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone group with a wide spectrum of action. Suppresses breeding and resting bacteria.

They give a high absorption rate and reach their maximum concentration after 2 hours, holding it up to 6 hours.

Shown in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the eyes and appendages: conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, blepharitis.

The dosage of drugs of the fluoroquinolone group is determined by the doctor. The course of treatment lasts 7 days.

Dilaterol, Tobrex

Ophthalmic solutions with aminoglycosides, where tobramycin sulfate is included as the main component.

A local antibiotic acts on streptococcus, staphylococcus, Klebsiella, diphtheria and E. coli.

It is indicated for infectious lesions of the eyes with pathogenic microorganisms sensitive to tobramycin sulfate in all categories of patients, including newborns.

Course of treatment: from 7 to 10 days.

Sulfanilamide preparations of bacteriostatics are prescribed at the initial stage of infection. They inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and, in addition to bacteriostatic, have a keratoplastic effect: they restore the outer epithelial cell layer.

Albucid

The active active ingredient is sodium sulfacid (sulfacetamide).

The drug is available in two dosages of an aqueous solution of 5 and 10 ml:

• 20% for children.
• 30% adult.

Eye drops give a local antimicrobial effect against Escherichia coli, gonococcus, streptococcus, staphylococcus, chlamydia.

It is used for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the anterior part of the eye: purulent conjunctivitis, blepharitis, corneal ulcers. For prophylactic purposes, it is used to prevent infections in newborns.

The course of treatment of the drug takes place until the symptoms disappear completely, with daily instillations every 4 hours.

metabolic group

To prevent dystrophic and age-related changes, stimulate metabolic processes and normalize intraocular pressure, fortified formulations are prescribed.

Taufon

Release form: bottles of 5.10 ml, 4% solution.

Eye drops based on taurine, an amino acid that is involved in lipid metabolism, normalizes intracellular energy balance.

In ophthalmology, the compound is used for the treatment and prevention of dystrophic processes.

Indications:

• Increased visual load.
• All stages of myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism.
• Age-related changes in the cornea.
• Cataract.
• Glaucoma.
• Diabetic retinopathy.

Course of treatment: from one to three months.

Quinax

Eye drops with the active ingredient azapentacene polysulfonate. This compound stimulates the formation of enzymes and other protein structures of the anterior chambers of the eyes, and acts as an antioxidant.

Lutein-Complex

Eye drops with the active substance lutein - an antioxidant and neutralizer. Accumulating, the drug acts as a light filter, protecting the eye from aggressive rays of the light spectrum. The antioxidant abilities of lutein make it possible to neutralize the negative effect that free radicals have, and thereby prevent retinal and lens dystrophy.

The range of application of the drug is wide: it is prescribed for all age groups. For children and adolescents - for the prevention of myopia, in adults - with age-related farsightedness, to prevent sclerotic senile changes.

Vitafakol

Release form: 10 ml bottle.

Combined eye drops to improve metabolism, respiration and cell synthesis. Stimulates energy processes in the lens due to the content of active components:

• Cytochrome.
• Adenosine.
• sodium succinate.
• Nicotinamide.

It is indicated for the prevention of cataracts and other sclerotic changes in the anterior parts of the eye.

Course of treatment: from 1 to 3 months.

Moisturizers

This group of prophylactic agents has a wide range of purposes. They are shown to those whose professional activities are associated with increased visual load.

inoxa

Release form: 10 ml bottle.

Complex preparation with plant extracts:

• Pharmacy chamomile.
• Elderberry.
• Hamamelis.
• Melilot medicinal.

Hypoallergenic eye drops eliminate dryness, irritation and redness, give a slight anti-inflammatory effect, constrict dilated blood vessels. The drug is recommended for the care, relaxation and moisturizing of the mucous membrane of the eyes, after wearing contact lenses.

Ophthalgel

A keratoprotective drug based on carbomer, a high-molecular compound similar in composition to lacrimal fluid. Indicated for "red eye syndrome" and when wearing lenses.

It creates a protective and moisturizing film on the surface of the organ, relieves inflammation.

The list of eye drops of artificial tear fluid substitutes includes the following names: Sistein, Vial, Natural Tears, Oftolik, Vizomitin.

Unlike other drugs, moisturizers do not have a systemic effect on the cells of the anterior part of the eye. In addition to individual intolerance, they have no contraindications, so they can be purchased and used without a doctor's prescription.

Application rules

All eye drops, like any other medication, should be used only after the appointment of the attending physician.

In order for them to give a therapeutic effect, retain their action and not damage, you need to follow a few rules:

1. An opened bottle can be used for no more than 4 weeks and stored only in a cool, dark place.
2. Wash your hands before the procedure.
3. When instilling, try to make sure that the tip of the pipette does not come into contact with the surface of the eye or eyelashes.
4. If several medications are prescribed by the doctor, the procedures should be carried out with pauses of at least 20 minutes. Which drug will be the first, does not matter.

The main thing: if the doctor has prescribed treatment with drops, you cannot interrupt it yourself. A full course of procedures must be followed.

The human eye is a unique information-optical analyzer that converts light pulses of different frequencies and intensities into electrical signals that transmit a visual picture of the surrounding world to the brain. The sharpness and clarity of vision and the performance of the eye largely depend on the state of the fluids that fill the eyeball inside and wash the cornea from the outside. The eye is the most “liquid” organ of our body, water in the eye is at least 95%.

The most serious "internal" pathology of the organ of vision, associated with the state of the fluid that fills it, is excessive intraocular pressure (glaucoma), leading without timely treatment to atrophy of the optic nerve and irreversible blindness. Violation of the functions of the lacrimal glands and lack of moisture leads to diseases of the outer parts of the eye - eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea. These diseases seem to be less serious, but if left untreated, the constant eye strain and inflammation can eventually move to the inside of the eye and also cause a significant deterioration in vision or even its complete loss. Not to mention the fact that red eyes and inflamed eyelids do not paint either adults or children.

What is dry eye syndrome?

Dry eye is the most common man-made pathology of vision that has rapidly spread around the world along with computers, mobile gadgets, game consoles, as well as wearing contact lenses. E: If earlier it was possible to spoil your eyesight by intensive reading, writing or working in poor lighting with small objects or details, today every third inhabitant of the planet regularly uses a computer, which is much more harmful than reading and writing combined. Firstly, the eyes near the monitor are exposed to constant electromagnetic radiation (only reflected light comes from the pages of the book). Secondly, the display of a desktop computer or laptop is much larger than a regular book page (both in centimeters and in pixels). Thirdly, the image on the display is not static, the eyes are forced to do more work. At the same time, a person blinks much less often, which means that less often the lacrimal secret enters the cornea of ​​​​the eye, enveloping it with a protective tear film. The result is obvious - the lacrimal glands simply do not physically have time to produce a sufficient amount of washer fluid, and tens of millions of people around the world need to buy inexpensive moisturizing eye drops that allow them to maintain their performance during intensive computer work.

Infections and inflammation

Dry eyes not only reduce visual acuity, but also contribute to the development of infections. The fact is that the tear has bactericidal properties and protects the eye from microbes, fungi and viruses. If there is not enough tear fluid, the pathogens of blepharitis, conjunctivitis and other diseases are instantly activated and cause serious vision problems. From the eyes, the causative agents of the disease can move with the bloodstream to other points in the body and cause new foci of infection there.

contact lens problem

When wearing contact lenses, a slightly different situation arises. The plastic lens replaces glasses and is very convenient from a functional and cosmetic point of view. However, for the delicate tissues of the eye, it is a foreign body and inevitably causes friction. For the time being, the secretion of the lacrimal glands neutralizes this friction, but then the tears run out and it becomes necessary to apply moisturizing eye drops. Wearing lenses without a moisturizing liquid will very soon become painful and simply painful, can lead to corneal injury and inflammation of the surrounding tissues. In the narrow space between the lens and the cornea, pathogenic microorganisms multiply very well, which exacerbates the inflammatory process.

Climate and dry eyes

Another possible problem of dry eyes is sudden changes in temperature and humidity. Discomfort appears when moving from a cold room to a warm one, from a stuffy corridor to a room equipped with air conditioning. Burning in the eyes and sand under the eyelids can be felt by tourists who flew in December to rest in a hot country. In such cases, doctors also recommend instilling drops for dry eyes until the unpleasant phenomena pass.

Professional indications

Preparations for creating a tear film will also be useful for representatives of professions associated with work with increased dustiness (builders, road builders, carpenters, plasterers), workers in hot shops, truck drivers (although the latter should not drip drops during the flight, but on vacation).

You can read more about the causes, symptoms, and consequences of dry eye in our previous article.

Drops for dry eyes

The principle of action of drops from dry eyes is simple - they compensate for the lack of natural tears as a natural lubricant and partly as a bactericidal agent. Pharmaceutical companies strive to create universal products that would be suitable for people who wear contact lenses, and for those who work intensively on the computer and in hazardous industries or travel a lot, changing climatic zones.

When choosing drops from a dry eye, you need to consider several factors:

• manufacturer rating;
• composition and possible contraindications;
• bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effect of the drug (or its absence);
• drop price.

Be sure to check the expiration date of the medicine. For drops made on the basis of distilled water, without the use of preservatives, it cannot be large! And eye drops with preservatives are simply not made!

You should not go to extremes, choosing drops "cheaper" or according to the principle "the more expensive, the better." It is best to consult an experienced ophthalmologist who will help take into account comorbidities, talk about possible allergic reactions, recommend the optimal course of treatment and the procedure for using drops to prevent dry eyes.

Composition of drops for dry eyes

The composition of most drugs, in addition to distilled water, includes three components:

• glycerol;
• povidone;
• sodium salt of hyaluronic acid.

In addition, manufacturers add various natural and synthetic additives, vitamins, microelements to the drops, designed to improve the condition of the eyes and activate metabolic processes.

Some drops contain components that are not recommended for dry eyes in children, as well as in pregnant and lactating women. On the packaging of such drugs must be an appropriate warning.

List of drugs

The list of moisturizing eye drops, the most popular in Russia, includes the following drugs:

• Vizin;
• Vizomitin;
• Innox;
• Oksial;
• Systane-Ultra;
• Tears are natural;
• Hilo chest of drawers.

The cost of drops directly depends on the promotion of the brand, the composition of the drug and the spectrum of therapeutic action. Inexpensive moisturizing eye drops can be bought for 150-300 rubles. The maximum price leaves 700-800 rubles, in this case the drug combines a moisturizing, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, vasodilator or vasoconstrictor effect. The leaders of the rating are Vizin and Oksial.

Many-sided Vizin

Vizin - sparing universal drops from dry eyes for all occasions. Designed for daily preventive use. Vizin classic has a vasoconstrictive and anti-edematous effect. The active substance is tetrizoline hydrochloride, an adrenomimetic amine, which effectively reduces the tension of the walls of blood vessels.

According to statistics, every second owner of contact lenses uses Vizin. The drug has no special antimicrobial properties. The price of a classic bottle of 15 ml starts from 300 rubles. More expensive anti-allergic Vizin is also produced in 4 ml bottles and Vizin Clean tear in bottles with a dispenser (pipette) and in ampoules.

Pure tear - drops designed exclusively to combat dry eyes and their redness (conjunctival hyperemia). The active substance of the drops is a plant polysaccharide, which makes the solution almost identical to the natural tear fluid. Thanks to the forces of surface tension, Pure Tear envelops the conjunctiva and protects it from adverse environmental factors and overwork.

Vizin Allergy is intended to relieve eye irritation resulting from an allergic reaction (for example, to plant pollen). The main active ingredient is levocabastine hydrochloride, which has a pronounced antihistamine effect.

Vizomitin - an analogue of Vizin

Vizomitin is a keratoprotector similar to Vizin, in addition to cases of dry eye syndrome, it is also prescribed for inflammatory eye diseases and cataracts as an additional therapeutic agent that protects eye tissues. Begins to act 5-7 minutes after instillation (1-2 drops per eye). The price of Vizomitin is much higher than the cost of Vizin. Release form - a bottle of 5 ml, it costs in pharmacies from 615 rubles.

Cornflower drops

Innoxa ("cornflower blue drops") is a natural hypoallergenic herbal preparation made in France. The box, vial and ophthalmic solution itself have a very pretty blue color. It has a soothing, moisturizing and mild anti-inflammatory effect, it helps well with irritation from contact lenses. Works immediately after instillation. A sterile bottle with a capacity of 10 ml costs from 550 rubles.

Oksial is the leader of eye drops based on hyaluronic acid

Oksial is a pharmacological agent for the eyes based on hyaluronic acid. In addition to it, the ophthalmic solution contains boric acid, salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium), as well as a polymer keratoprotector and preservative Oxide patented by the manufacturer.

Hyaluronic acid is an organic substance that is produced by the human body itself and has a powerful regenerative effect on the skin and mucous membranes. The drug relieves dryness, relieves redness and irritation, has anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects, restores corneal cells, and helps with minor hemorrhages. Produced in bottles of 10 ml, which cost from 400 rubles.

Polymer preparation Systein-Ultra

Systein-Ultra is a complex polymer preparation for the eyes with anti-inflammatory, moisturizing and anti-allergic effects. It is recommended to take it with you on a trip in case of allergic reactions and the appearance of dry eye syndrome with climate change.

As part of the drug, there is no traditional hyaluronic acid for eye drops. Instead, propylene and polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl guar, boric acid, and alkali metal salts, which create a very weak electrolyte in the lacrimal fluid, fight against dryness and redness of the eyes. Organic polymers create a stable tear film.

Systein-Ultra is sold in single ampoules of 0.7 ml, bottles of 3 and 15 ml. An ampoule costs 130-150 rubles, a small bottle - from 200 rubles, a large bottle - 550-600 rubles.

Tear natural

A natural tear is almost a complete analogue of a human tear. Gently moisturizes dry corneal tissues, has no contraindications. Can be used for babies and expectant mothers. It does not have an anti-inflammatory effect, the remedy is purely prophylactic. A solution of 15 ml costs from 300 rubles, so the drug is cheaper than Vizin Pure Tear.

Hilo chest of drawers

Chilo chest of drawers is not related to furniture, the name is associated with a convenient container for storing and applying drops. Between the container and the dispenser there is a valve that prevents accidental spillage of the contents. Convenience in English is a commodity, hence the name. By the way, Hilo-chest is the only drug that is not limited in expiration dates and should not be stored in the refrigerator, like all other drops for dry eyes. Thanks to the valve, microbes from the outside do not penetrate into the container and the solution does not deteriorate over time.

The main active ingredient is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid. In addition, the drops contain a small amount of tricarboxylic hydroxy acid and alcohols.

The drug has a universal effect and is especially recommended for anyone who wears contact lenses for many hours in a row. The price of a container with a capacity of 15 ml is from 450 rubles, which is very profitable, since the design of the bottle allows you to use it extremely economically, without losing a single drop of the drug with proper instillation.

How to drip into the eyes?

For many patients who experience dry eyes due to wearing lenses or as a result of hard work at the computer, this problem is quite serious, especially at first.

The basic rules of this manipulation, as well as typical beginner mistakes, can be found in this video:

Eye drops are a personal care product and should not be shared with other people. The pipette should be periodically disinfected with an alcohol wipe or hydrogen peroxide. Before instillation, be sure to wash your hands with soap.

Eye drops have a relatively short shelf life (unless it's a Hilo chest of drawers that has an airtight bottle with a one-way pass valve). In order for bacteria to multiply as slowly as possible in the solution, the vial should be stored in the refrigerator. But cold drops should not be instilled into the eyes either - there may be a negative effect from the temperature difference. Therefore, the best option is the use of disposable ampoules with a pipette, although such a dosage form has the highest price in terms of the volume of drops.

Inexpensive moisturizing eye drops, the list of which is presented above, are primarily prophylactic agents that are used at the initial stage of dry eye syndrome and related ophthalmic disorders. If the redness and irritation of the eyes is not paid attention to, not treated and dealt with their causes, the disease can become more serious, requiring treatment under the supervision of a doctor and using more expensive procedures and drugs.

The site provides background information. Adequate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible under the supervision of a conscientious physician. All drugs have contraindications. You need to consult a specialist, as well as a detailed study of the instructions!

Types of eye drops

1. Antimicrobial eye drops used to fight various kinds of infection. This is perhaps the largest pharmacological group, which in turn is divided into several subgroups. So, in accordance with the most common types of infections, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal eye drops are isolated, and by the nature of the active substance - antibiotics, chemotherapeutic drugs and antiseptics.
2. Anti-inflammatory eye drops are intended for the treatment of inflammatory lesions of the organ of vision and its appendages of a non-infectious nature. This group, in turn, is subdivided into steroid anti-inflammatory drops (hormonal anti-inflammatory drops) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drops. Both those and others can consist of several components that expand their spectrum of action.
3. Eye drops used for the treatment of glaucoma, which is a persistent increase in intraocular pressure, leading to severe consequences up to irreparable loss of vision. According to the mechanism of action, drugs intended to reduce intraocular pressure are divided into two large groups: drugs that improve the outflow of intraocular fluid, and drugs that reduce its production.
4. Antiallergic eye drops intended for the treatment and prevention of allergic reactions. The principle of action of these drugs is to suppress the triggering of the inflammatory reaction at the cellular level (membrane-stabilizing antiallergic agents) or to block the receptors for histamine, the main mediator of inflammatory allergic reactions (histamine receptor blockers). In addition, anti-allergic eye drops include topical vasoconstrictor drugs that relieve symptoms of allergic inflammation such as swelling and hyperemia (redness) and significantly reduce soreness.
5. Eye drops used with cataract.
6. Moisturizing eye drops or "artificial tears".
7. Diagnostic eye drops and eye drops used during surgery.

Antimicrobial eye drops (drops for inflammation of the eyes of an infectious nature)

Antibacterial eye drops (eye drops for dacryocystitis, stye, bacterial blepharitis, conjunctivitis, etc.)

It is bacteria that, as a rule, become the culprits of such fairly common diseases as dacryocystitis (inflammation of the lacrimal sac), meiobitis (barley), creeping corneal ulcer (ulcerative lesion of the transparent membrane covering the iris and pupil), and also cause post-traumatic and post-operative purulent inflammatory processes.

In addition, bacteria are often the causative agents of blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids), conjunctivitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye), keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), uveitis (inflammation of the choroid), and other acute and chronic infections of the eye.

Therefore, it is not surprising that antibacterial drugs are the largest pharmacological subgroup of antimicrobial eye drops. By the nature of the active substance, antibacterial eye drops, in turn, are divided into eye drops with antibiotics and eye drops with sulfanilamide preparations.

Eye drops with antibiotics are drugs that contain compounds of natural or semi-synthetic origin as an active ingredient that have a detrimental effect on microorganisms.

In the case of antibiotics, medicine uses the natural properties of some living organisms to produce substances that suppress competitive microflora.

As you know, the first antibiotics were obtained from a culture of yeast fungi. Since then, scientists have learned not only to use natural antibiotics obtained from various microorganisms, but also to synthesize their improved analogues.

By chemical nature, antibiotics, in turn, are divided into groups - rows, so that antibacterial agents from the same row have similar properties.

In ophthalmic practice, eye drops with antibiotics of various groups are widely used, in particular:

• aminoglycosides (eye drops tobramycin (Dilaterol, Tobrex), eye drops gentamicin);
• chloramphenicol eye drops (chloramphenicol (levomycetin));
• fluoroquinolones (Tsipromed eye drops (Ciprofloxacin, Tsiprolet, Cifran, Ciloxan), ofloxacin eye drops (Floxal eye drops), levofloxacin eye drops (Signicef ​​eye drops)).

The most popular drugs in this group include the well-known eye drops albucid (eye drops sulfacyl sodium, sulfacyl soluble, sulfacetamide, etc.).

Which antibacterial eye drops are best?

Antibacterial eye drops are selected individually, while the doctor focuses on the following factors:

• the age and general condition of the patient (the absence of contraindications to the appointment of the active substance of the eye drops);
• the expected tolerability of the drug;
• spectrum of antibacterial action of eye drops;
• presumed resistance of microflora to antibacterial drugs;
• compatibility of the drug with the medications taken by the patient;
• possible side effects when using eye drops;
• the availability of the drug for the patient (the price of eye drops, the availability of the drug in nearby pharmacies).

Often, doctors refuse the drug due to the incompatibility of the active substance of the eye drops with other drugs that the patient is forced to use for concomitant diseases. For example, the combination of chloramphenicol eye drops with cimetidine, which reduces the acidity of gastric juice, increases the risk of developing aplastic anemia, so it is more rational to choose another drug.

In addition, doctors take into account the possibility of individual intolerance to the active substance of the eye drops. So, for example, albucid eye drops are not prescribed to patients who have experienced pathological reactions when using other sulfa drugs.

If there are no contraindications, when choosing antibacterial eye drops, the expected sensitivity of the infection to the drug is taken into account. So, for example, if there is reason to suspect that the infectious process is caused by a microflora that is insensitive to many antibiotics, then it is better to prescribe the latest drug with a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, to which resistance has not yet developed in many strains of microorganisms.

If the choice is wide enough, pay attention to the likelihood of developing unpleasant side effects (some drugs cause pain and burning in the eyes more often than others), the cost of eye drops and their availability for the patient (availability in nearby pharmacies).

Antiseptic eye drops. Vitabact and Okomistin (miramistin) - eye drops from infection for adults and newborns

Therefore, all antiseptics have the widest spectrum of action - they are active against bacteria, protozoa, fungi and many viruses. These substances are low allergenic, do not have a systemic effect and, therefore, have few contraindications from the general state of the body. However, the local aggressiveness of antiseptics significantly narrows the range of their application.

In ophthalmic practice, indications for the use of antiseptics are:

• inflammation of the eyelids (blepharitis, barley);
• conjunctivitis;
• inflammation of the cornea (keratitis);
• prevention of posttraumatic and postoperative complications.

Since the drugs have an exclusively local effect, they can be used by both adults, including pregnant and lactating mothers, and children, including newborns. The only contraindication to the appointment of antiseptic eye drops is hypersensitivity or allergic reactions.

In cases where the instillation of Vitabact or Okomistin eye drops causes unusually sharp pain, lacrimation, painful spasm of the eyelids, or, even worse, swelling of the tissues surrounding the eyes, the drug should be discontinued as unsuitable for your body.

Antiviral eye drops for adults and children. Virucidal eye drops Oftan Idu

To virucidal chemotherapy drugs topical use includes idoxuridine eye drops (Oftan Idu eye drops) used in adults and children with herpes infection of the cornea of ​​​​the eyes.

Oftan Idu eye drops have practically no contraindications, with the exception of individual intolerance to the drug. However, unpleasant side effects often occur in the form of a headache and a pronounced local reaction (burning, lacrimation, photophobia, painful spasm of the eyelids).

Oftan Ida eye drops are not prescribed together with glucocorticoid drugs, and during pregnancy they try to use only in cases where the expected benefit from the drops outweighs the risk of adverse effects on the fetus.

It should also be taken into account that virucidal agents are antimetabolites and significantly slow down the healing process of corneal defects left by the virus.

Antiviral eye drops from the group of interferons. Oftalmoferon - the most effective antiviral eye drops for adults and children

Interferons are natural low molecular weight proteins produced by cells that have antiviral, immunostimulatory and antitumor activity.

In ophthalmic practice, interferons are used to treat inflammation of the conjunctiva, cornea, and choroid caused by adenoviruses, herpes viruses, and herpes zoster.

So, interferon is part of the combined preparation eye drops oftalmoferon, the active ingredients of which are also the antiallergic agent diphenhydramine, the antiseptic boric acid and the polymer base, which acts as an "artificial tear".

Despite the "naturalness" of the action, interferons have their own contraindications. In particular, ophthalmoferon eye drops cannot be used for severe diseases of the cardiovascular system, for liver and kidney damage, for hematopoietic insufficiency (leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia), thyroid diseases and mental illness.

In addition, interferons can have an adverse effect on the fetus and infant, so ophthalmoferon eye drops are not prescribed during pregnancy and lactation.

As a rule, oftalmoferon is well tolerated, but adverse side effects are also possible from a flu-like syndrome (headache, chills, fever, weakness, body aches) to convulsions and hallucinations. It should be noted that all of these symptoms completely disappear after discontinuation of the drug.

Antiviral eye drops from the group of interferon inducers. Eye drops Aktipol and Poludan

The mechanism of the antiviral action of interferon inducers is to stimulate the body's natural defenses, leading to the activation of cellular immunity and an increase in the production of antibodies against viral agents.

In ophthalmic practice, interferon inducers are represented by eye drops Poludan (polyadenylic and polyuridylic acid) and Aktipol (aminobenzoic acid), which are prescribed for lesions of the organ of vision caused by adenovirus and herpetic infection.

Antiviral eye drops from the group of interferon inducers should not be used during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in the presence of severe disorders of the liver and kidneys. Since Aktipol eye drops and

Poludan are direct immunostimulants, they are contraindicated in patients with autoimmune diseases.

When using Aktipol and Poludan eye drops, the following side effects may occur:

• fever, joint pain;
• decrease in blood pressure;
• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
• oppression of hematopoiesis (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia);
• allergic reactions.

Antifungal eye drops

For fungal eye infections, fungicidal (antifungal) drugs are taken orally, and as a local treatment, as a rule, Vitabact antiseptic eye drops are prescribed, which are often called an antifungal agent on the network.

Hormonal eye drops are anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic. Sofradex, Maxitrol, Tobradex - popular combined anti-inflammatory antimicrobial eye drops

However, it should be borne in mind that inflammation itself is a protective reaction of the body in response to damage, and suppression of the body's immune forces at the cellular level can have an adverse effect.

Therefore, hormonal anti-inflammatory eye drops are mainly used in inflammatory processes of allergic and autoimmune origin, to suppress the rejection reaction after a cornea transplant operation, to prevent the growth of connective tissue and the formation of a thorn after injuries, burns, etc.

At the same time, today combined eye drops, the composition of which includes both hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs and substances with antimicrobial action, are widely used.

Sofradex eye drops, which are a combination of the steroidal anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone with two topical antibiotics, neomycin and gramicidin C, are the most popular among combined preparations.

Gramicidin C is interesting because it was the first antibiotic discovered by Soviet scientists. Over time, it was supplanted by new drugs that could be used not only locally, but also inside. Gramicidin was remembered when it became clear that the resistance of microorganisms to this agent, unlike other antibiotics, develops extremely slowly.

Sofradex eye drops are a good combination, since local antibiotics complement and reinforce each other, providing the widest possible spectrum of antimicrobial action, and dexamethasone prevents the occurrence of an allergy to antibiotics and has an anti-inflammatory effect, relieving swelling and relieving pain.

Also very popular are the combined eye drops of maxitrol, which are a combination of dexamethasone with the antibiotics neomycin and polymyxin B (this drug is especially active against the so-called intestinal group of bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and tobradex, which is a combination of dexamethasone with the aminoglycoside antibiotic tobramycin.

Dexon eye drops (dexamethasone and neomycin) and dex-gentamicin (dexamethasone and antibiotic aminoglycoside gentamicin) are in less demand.

Indications for the use of combined eye drops are:

• bacterial inflammatory lesions of the eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea in cases where they did not cause epithelial defects (hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs prevent rapid healing);
• iridocyclitis (inflammatory lesions of the so-called anterior chamber of the eye - the iris and ciliary body);
• prevention of inflammatory complications after injuries and operations on the organ of vision.

Since the combined eye drops contain a steroid component, they are tried not to be prescribed to children and pregnant women.

The course of treatment with such drugs should be limited (maximum 10-14 days), since with longer use, dexamethasone can provoke such serious complications as steroid cataract (clouding of the lens), steroid glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), addition of a fungal infection.

Eye drops for pain and inflammation of the eyes from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Pain-relieving eye drops diclofenac and Indocollir (indomethacin) for eye injury and after cataract surgery

In ophthalmic practice, the most popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are diclofenac eye drops (the active ingredient is diclofenac sodium) and Indocollir (the active ingredient is indomethacin), which is prescribed in the following cases:

• to eliminate the pain syndrome and inflammatory reaction in conjunctivitis of a non-infectious nature;
• suppression of miosis (pupil constriction reaction) during operations on the organ of vision;
• prevention of postoperative complications after surgical interventions for glaucoma and cataract removal (prevention of the development of cystic maculopathy);
• treatment and prevention of post-traumatic and post-operative inflammation of the choroid.

• ulcerative processes of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage;
• aspirin triad (aspirin intolerance, bronchial asthma, nasal polyposis);
• violations of the hematopoietic function of unknown origin;

In addition, they try not to prescribe diclofenac and Indocollir eye drops to children under 6 years of age, patients with bronchial asthma and elderly people suffering from arterial hypertension and heart failure.

Possible side effects of Diclofenac and Indocollir eye drops include:

• disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting, pain in the upper abdomen, stool disorders, flatulence, rarely - ulcerative erosive lesions);
• disorders of the nervous system (headache, dizziness, weakness, irritability, insomnia).

• crawling sensation on the skin (paresthesia), tinnitus;
• blurry objects, double vision, inflammation of the cornea, increased intraocular pressure, itching and redness of the conjunctiva;
• violation of hematopoiesis;
• mental disorders, convulsions, tremor;
• impaired renal function with the appearance of edema.

Eye drops for glaucoma (from eye pressure), which improve the outflow of intraocular fluid.

Pilocarpine - popular eye drops to reduce eye pressure from the group of cholinomimetics

In ophthalmic practice, cholinomimetics are used topically to narrow the pupil and improve the outflow of intraocular fluid in glaucoma. The most popular drug from this group is pilocarpine eye drops, which are used both occasionally to relieve acute attacks of glaucoma and constantly to maintain intraocular pressure at an acceptable level.

The effect of pilocarpine eye drops appears after 20-30 minutes and persists for 4-6 hours, while intraocular pressure decreases by 15-20% of the original.

Contraindications to the use of pilocarpine eye drops are:

• inflammatory processes in the iris and ciliary body;
• pupillary block (violation of the outflow of aqueous humor that occurs during adhesions of the iris, dislocation of the lens and vitreous body);
• pregnancy and lactation;
• hypersensitivity to the drug.

• severe constriction of the pupil, accompanied by a narrowing of the visual fields;
• deterioration in distance vision (induced myopia) most often manifests itself in the dark 15 minutes after instillation, reaches a maximum after an hour and lasts about two hours;
• lability of pressure and pulse;
• bronchospasm, pulmonary edema;
• difficulty urinating;
• pain in the upper abdomen, salivation, vomiting, diarrhea;
• headache, especially in the superciliary region (more common in young patients, over time, this reaction to the drug, as a rule, decreases);
• allergic reactions.

Xalatan (Glauprost) and Travatan (Travoprost) - eye drops that reduce eye pressure, from the group of prostaglandin F2α analogues

Today, two drugs from this group are in great demand on the ophthalmopharmacological market - Xalatan (Glauprost) and Travatan (Travoprost) eye drops.

These medications effectively reduce intraocular pressure and are indicated for long-term use. It is very convenient that the effect of the drugs lasts for a long time, so that eye drops are taken only once a day (at night).

Xalatan (Glauprost) and Travatan (Travoprost) are used on the recommendation of a doctor, while the first two weeks of admission must be under the supervision of an ophthalmologist, since paradoxical reactions to the drug are possible.

The hypotensive effect develops gradually over two weeks. In order to avoid addiction to the drug, it is advisable to replace the eye drops after two years.

Contraindications to the appointment of eye drops from the group of analogues of prostaglandin F2α are the following conditions:

• secondary post-inflammatory glaucoma;
• transferred inflammatory diseases of the choroid;
• undergone surgery associated with damage to the posterior lens capsule;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• hypersensitivity to the drug.

• slow heartbeat, lability of blood pressure, pain in the heart area;
• pigmentation of the eyelids and iris, increased growth of eyelashes;
• headache, decreased mood;
• dry mouth, vomiting, nausea, increased blood cholesterol levels;
• nasal congestion, joint pain, exacerbation of chronic infections;
• redness of the conjunctiva, a feeling of sand in the eye, the appearance of a rash on the eyelids.

Antiglaucoma eye drops that inhibit aqueous humor production

Timolol (okumed) and Betoptik (betaxolol) - eye drops for glaucoma from the group of beta-blockers

Contraindications to the local appointment of beta-blockers are the following conditions:

• dystrophic processes in the cornea;
• chronic obstructive processes in the lungs (including bronchial asthma);
• heart rhythm disturbances, accompanied by a decrease in heart rate (sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular block);
• heart failure;
• hypersensitivity to the drug.

Timolol (okumed) and Betoptic (betaxolol) are the most popular drugs from this group. At the same time, Betoptik eye drops are selective beta-blockers that can be used by people with bronchial asthma and other obstructive pulmonary pathologies.

With caution, both drugs are prescribed in the following cases:

• pregnancy and lactation (only in cases where the intended benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus, it is better to transfer the child to artificial feeding during lactation);
• diabetes mellitus (the action of drugs can eliminate the symptoms of acute hypoglycemia (tachycardia, agitation), and a delay in emergency care is fraught with the development of a coma);
• thyrotoxicosis (in such patients, beta-blockers should be discontinued gradually so as not to provoke a crisis; in addition, the side effect of eye drops (slow heartbeat) can eliminate the tachycardia characteristic of thyrotoxicosis and the patient will not receive the necessary assistance);
• myasthenia gravis (a number of side effects of eye drops (double vision, weakness) can be confused with symptoms of muscle weakness;
• surgical interventions (drugs should be canceled two days before surgery).
With prolonged use, antiglaucoma eye drops Timolol (Ocumed) and Betoptik (Betaxolol) can cause the following side effects:

• heart rhythm disturbances with a tendency to bradycardia up to the development of heart failure;
• respiratory rhythm disorders, bronchospasm, acute respiratory failure;
• dizziness, depression, sleep disturbances, goosebumps (paresthesia), weakness;
• vomiting, stool disorders (diarrhea);
• decrease in potency;
• hives;
• allergic swelling of the conjunctiva, lacrimation, painful spasm of the eyelids.

Trusopt (Dorzopt, Dorzolamide) - antiglaucoma eye drops from the group of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

The most popular eye drops from this group are Trusopt (Dorzopt, Dorzolamide). This drug is taken three times a day (when combined with other antiglaucoma drugs - twice a day).

Contraindications to the appointment of Trusopt eye drops (Dorzopt, Dorzolamide) are the following conditions:

• acute renal failure;
• Addison's disease (hypofunction of the adrenal glands);
• reduced concentration of calcium and potassium in the blood plasma;
• diabetes.

• pain and burning when instilling the drug, lacrimation, photophobia, redness of the conjunctiva, transient myopia;
• inflammatory processes in the iris and ciliary body;
• pathological processes in the cornea;
• leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolysis of erythrocytes;
• the formation of urinary stones;
• decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, weight loss;
• skin rash and itching, redness of the skin;
• decreased libido;
• taste disorder.

Also, with great care, Trusopt (Dorzopt, Dorzolamide) eye drops should be prescribed to children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Often, intolerance to the drug is observed in patients with individual sensitivity to sulfonamides, which should be taken into account when prescribing.

Fotil - combined eye drops for eye pressure

So, for example, the most popular combination drug Fotil eye drops, which is a combination of pilocarpine with timolol, can reduce intraocular pressure by 32% of the original.
Of course, with this combination, the number of contraindications also increases. However, experience has shown that combined drugs are generally better tolerated (by reducing the dose of each individual therapeutic agent).

In addition, Fotil eye drops develop tolerance much more slowly than drops containing a single active ingredient.

Allergy eye drops for adults and children. List of the most popular drugs

Antiallergic eye drops from the group of membrane stabilizing agents. Eye drops Lekrolin (Kromoheksal) and ketatifen (Zaditen)

The most popular ophthalmic preparations from this group are Lecrolin (Kromoheksal) eye drops with the active ingredient cromoglycic acid and ketatifen (zaditen) eye drops, the active ingredient of which is ketatifen.

These drugs are indicated for use in allergic conjunctivitis of a very different nature. In particular, with the following pathologies:

• seasonal conjunctivitis;
• hyperpapillary conjunctivitis caused by irritation of the conjunctiva of the upper eyelid with various foreign bodies (postoperative sutures, prostheses, etc.);
• conjunctivitis associated with wearing contact lenses;
• medicinal conjunctivitis.

• age up to 4 years;
• hypersensitivity to the drug.

Eye drops against allergies from the group of histamine receptor blockers. Antihistamine eye drops Allergodil (azelastine) and Opatanol (olopatadine)

Today, the most popular drugs from this group in ophthalmology are Allergodil eye drops (active ingredient - azelastine) and Opatanol eye drops (active ingredient - olopatadine). It should be noted that the latter drug has a dual action - it blocks histamine receptors and stabilizes mast cell membranes. This feature has led to the increased popularity of Opatanol eye drops.

In addition to the treatment and prevention of allergic conjunctivitis, eye drops from the group of histamine receptor blockers are widely used in the complex therapy of bacterial, viral and chlamydial conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis (joint inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea).

Absolute contraindications to taking Allergodil and Opatanol eye drops are:

• hypersensitivity to the drug;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• children's age (under 4 years for Opatanol eye drops and under 6 years for Allergodil eye drops);
• angle-closure glaucoma;
• taking drugs from the group of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Allergodil and Opatanol eye drops are prescribed with caution to children under 18 years of age (contributes to the development of hyperactivity, hallucinations and even seizures in susceptible individuals), as well as to patients with the following pathologies:

• bronchial asthma;
• coronary artery disease;
• peptic ulcer of the stomach and / or stenotic narrowing of the digestive tract;
• arterial hypertension;
• hyperthyroidism.

• lethargy, increased fatigue, sleep disturbances, poor coordination of movements;
• bitterness in the mouth, nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea.

Eye vasoconstrictor drops from allergic conjunctivitis. The best eye drops for redness of the eyes Vizin (Montevizin, VizOptik)

Due to vasoconstriction, such unpleasant allergy symptoms as swelling and hyperemia (redness) of the conjunctiva are eliminated. Eye drops from the group of vasoconstrictors are used not only for allergic conjunctivitis, but also to eliminate irritation of the sensitive conjunctiva of the eyes caused by various adverse factors (cigarette smoke, dust, smog, chlorinated water, cosmetics, contact lenses, etc.).
The most popular eye drops for redness of the eyes are the drug Vizin (Montevizin, VizOptik), the effect of which begins to appear within a few minutes after instillation and lasts 4-8 hours.

Vizin eye drops are contraindicated in the following cases:

• pregnancy and lactation;
• angle-closure glaucoma;
• severe diseases of the cardiovascular system (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease);
• endocrine pathologies (pheochromocytoma, diabetes mellitus, hyperfunction of the thyroid gland).

• headache, decreased performance;
• increased blood pressure, palpitations;
• increased blood sugar levels;
• increased intraocular pressure, pupil dilation, irritation of the conjunctiva, decreased vision, with prolonged use, persistent conjunctival hyperemia and dry eye syndrome may develop.

Eye drops for cataract Quinax (azapentacene) and Oftan Katahrom

It should be noted that today the main method of cataract treatment is surgery to remove the affected lens. Therapeutic treatment is used only in the early stages, when the patient has relatively satisfactory vision and does not agree to the operation.

Cataract eye drops can significantly slow down the pathological process and postpone the need for an operation that is unacceptable for the patient for years or even decades.

Quinax eye drops belong to a group of substances that regulate metabolic processes. By activating proteolytic enzymes, the drug promotes the resorption of opaque protein complexes and restores the transparency of the lens. In addition, the active substance of Quinax eye drops protects the sulfhydryl groups of the lens tissues from oxidation.

Quinax eye drops are taken for all types of cataracts, instilled 2 drops 3 times a day. The duration of the course is determined by the doctor, the drug is intended for long-term use.

Oftan Katahrom eye drops are a mixture of active biologically active substances, such as:

• cytochrome C - activates the processes of cellular respiration, normalizes intracellular metabolic processes, protects cellular elements from aggressive radicals;
• nicotinamide - regulates redox processes, increases the ability of tissues to regenerate;
• adenosine - nourishes the lens of the eye and the cornea, promotes the leaching of toxic substances from the transparent environment of the eye, improves the exchange of aqueous humor.

There are practically no contraindications to the use of anti-cataract eye drops, with the exception of allergic reactions to the components of the drugs, which are not common.

Moisturizing eye drops for tired eyes. Eye drops "from the computer" Sistane, Hilo Chest (Hilozar Chest), Okutiarz

It should be noted that the tear film, protecting the eye from drying out, performs the most important protective function. With a lack of tear fluid, the nutrition of the tissues of the eye is disrupted, susceptibility to infection increases, and fatigue develops faster.

Unfavorable environmental factors, professional hazards of office workers (in particular, staying in an air-conditioned room and working at a computer for a long time) have an extremely adverse effect on the work of the lacrimal glands.

Therefore, many people use moisturizing drops to treat and prevent eye fatigue. Today, among the most popular are eye drops Sistane and Hilo Chest, which are inert aqueous solutions. These drugs are able to replace the tear fluid, increase the thickness of the tear film and tear viscosity.

It should be noted that, despite the "naturalness", eye drops Systane and Hilo Komod can cause temporary blurred vision immediately after instillation and withdrawal syndrome with prolonged use.

Contraindications to the use of moisturizing drops are individual sensitivity to the components of the drug and the presence of acute or chronic infectious and inflammatory processes in the tissues of the organ of vision.

Eye drops Systane and Hylo Chest can be instilled without removing contact lenses. However, you should not drip them at the same time as other eye drops, since the "artificial tear" will slow down the absorption of other drugs.

If you decide to buy eye drops in a pharmacy. Composition of eye drops. Analogues and generics. How to choose the cheapest eye drops

Full analogues, synonyms or generics are drugs that have the same active substance, but different names. Quite often, the cost of analogues is very different, so you can buy a synonymous drug several times cheaper.

Do analogues differ in quality? This is a difficult question. It all depends on the manufacturer: how the process of cleaning chemicals goes, whether all the necessary technological requirements are met, etc.

It is believed that Japan, the United States and developed European countries produce the highest quality drugs, while the quality of medicines from China, India and other East Asian countries is much lower.

You can pick up an analogue on the Internet by going to the sites of pharmacies. But you should be careful, because some sellers call analogues not generics, but medicines with different active ingredients belonging to the same pharmacological group.

Meanwhile, doctors strongly do not recommend changing the prescribed drug to another drug of similar action without consulting a specialist. Since even medicines of the same group often have different indications and contraindications.

In order not to be deceived, be sure to pay attention to the composition of the drug: active ingredients are always written first in the list and, as a rule, are highlighted in bold or indicated by the words “active ingredients”.

You can see analogues of the most popular eye drops and their prices at the end of our article.

How to properly administer eye drops

It is necessary to instill eye drops in a calm environment, after washing your hands and sitting comfortably in front of a mirror.

In order for the drop to hit the right place, you need to tilt your head back and slightly pull the lower eyelid down, leaving a small “pocket”.

Immediately before instillation, look up, without losing sight of the tip of the dropper bottle or pipette, and drip the required number of drops into the conjunctival cavity (into the formed "pocket").
To prevent the medicine from escaping into the nasal cavity through the nasolacrimal canal, close your eye and lightly press the lower eyelid with your finger at the inner corner of the eye (near the nose).

It is enough to hold your finger for 2-3 minutes - and you're done. If necessary, you can go to the other eye.
If it is necessary to drip another drug, then you should wait at least 15-20 minutes for the medicinal substance to be completely absorbed into the mucous membrane of the eye.

The same period of time must be waited before putting on contact lenses.

Eye drops for children. Instructions: how to drip eye drops for children up to a year and older

• read the instructions carefully;
• Wash the hands;
• put cotton balls or swabs on a sterile surface;
• if necessary, prepare a cup (or two) with warm tea leaves;
• if the preparation is not equipped with a special dropper, prepare a sterile pipette (pour boiling water over it);
• warm the eye drops in your hand or in a cup of warm water.

To drip the eye of a small child, you should lay it on the back. Older children can endure this procedure while sitting on a chair.

If the eyelashes of the child are glued with pus, you must first rinse the eyes with warm tea. At the same time, a cotton swab dipped in tea is carried out from the outer corner of the eye to the inner one (from the temple to the nose). For each eye, you must use a separate swab and a separate cup with tea leaves.

First, a healthy or less affected eye is instilled. Do not worry too much if a drop falls on a closed eye, it will penetrate when the child opens his eyes.

Ask the baby to close both eyes, then pull the lower eyelid down with your thumb, and drip the required amount of drops into the formed crease.

Allergy from eye drops

• swelling and redness of the conjunctiva;
• lacrimation;
• pain and pain in the eye;
• painful spasm of the eyelids;
• swelling of the tissues surrounding the eyes.

If signs of an allergic reaction to eye drops appear, the drug is canceled. Anti-allergic drops (lecrolin or allergodil) are instilled into the affected eye, and the antihistamine loratadine is additionally taken orally.

With severe allergic inflammation, the doctor may prescribe hormonal anti-inflammatory eye drops. In the event of a rapidly developing allergic reaction, an ambulance should be called.

Is it possible to rely on reviews when choosing eye drops for children and adults

So the latest effective drops that helped some of the users of the World Wide Web can only bring you harm.

In addition, all reviews carry an element of subjectivity. Some patient may believe that eye drops helped him, while the doctor will say that, judging by the diagnosis, it was a placebo effect (self-hypnosis).
There may be a reverse situation: negative reviews about eye drops are often left by patients who do not comply with all the rules of treatment (insufficient course duration, inaccurate intake, non-compliance with the rules for the complexity of treatment, etc.).

You should be especially careful about reviews of children's eye drops. Read the instructions carefully and in no case use drops that are contraindicated for the baby by age, even if the reviews say that they help very young children a lot, and there are no adverse effects.

Is it possible to drip eye drops into the nose of a child?

All prescriptions and digital data of the instruction were confirmed at the time by the results of clinical studies, which proved that this pathology can be cured in this way.

So, for example, there are anti-allergic drops "for the eyes and for the nose" Allergonaf, which, according to the instructions, can be instilled into the nose of children over 6 years old with a runny nose of allergic or viral origin.
But if the instructions indicate that this drug is "eye drops", then it should be used strictly for its intended purpose. Otherwise, you can cause significant harm to yourself or your loved ones.

Storage of eye drops

However, in families with small children, this storage can be a problem, as most eye drops are poisonous to the child. Therefore, saving eye drops in the refrigerator, you will have to make sure that no one drinks them.

It should also be remembered that the shelf life of an open vial of eye drops for most drugs is no more than 28 days.

The list of eye drops that are most popular

• eye drops chloramphenicol;
• eye drops Tobrex;
• eye drops Taufon;
• eye drops Emoksipin;
• eye drops Albucid;
• eye drops Tsipromed;
• eye drops Dexamethasone;
• eye drops Irifrin.

Best eye drops: time-tested broad-spectrum antibiotic levomycetin (chloramphenicol eye drops)

Levomycetin eye drops are indicated for use in infectious and inflammatory eye diseases, such as:

• conjunctivitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye);
• blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids);
• keratitis (inflammation of the cornea - a membrane, in the form of a dial, covering the iris and pupil).

However, this drug is used only in cases where the pathological process is caused by antibiotic-sensitive microorganisms.

Levomycetin (chloramphenicol) is a synthetic analogue of the antibiotic produced by the microorganism Streptomyces venezuelae and has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

It is able to inhibit the growth of many bacteria (including those against which sulfonamides, streptomycin, and penicillin antibiotics are powerless), and is effective against some large viruses (for example, against the trachoma virus, which causes severe eye damage).

In cases where the infectious process is caused by a microorganism insensitive to levomycetin, for example, a small virus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa, this drug will be absolutely useless.

Moreover, with fungal conjunctivitis, as well as inflammation of an allergic nature, levomycetin eye drops can cause significant harm.

It should be noted that inflammatory processes in the eye can be caused by many reasons. So, conjunctivitis can be the result of eye strain with farsightedness or the result of pathological processes in the eyeball (tumor, glaucoma) or in other organs.

Therefore, if signs of conjunctivitis or other inflammatory processes of the organ of vision appear, you should contact an ophthalmologist.

Levomycetin eye drops instructions

Levomycetin eye drops are instilled into the conjunctival cavity one drop 2-4 times a day. The course of treatment should not exceed ten days.

In cases where a longer use of the drug is necessary, the state of the cellular elements of the blood (general blood test) should be monitored every 3 days, since chloramphenicol inhibits the hematopoietic function.

In addition, with prolonged use of eye drops of chloramphenicol, observation by a dentist is necessary, since bleeding of the gums, the occurrence of sores in the mouth and the development of inflammatory processes are possible.

Levomycetin is prescribed with caution to patients with liver and kidney diseases, which are accompanied by a pronounced insufficiency of their function. In such cases, you should regularly examine the blood for the concentration of the antibiotic in the plasma.

Eye drops of chloramphenicol for children: is the instruction different? What side effects are possible when using this drug in children and adults

Levomycetin eye drops for children from four months to two years are prescribed with great care, only in cases where there is no adequate replacement, and the expected benefit of the drug outweighs the risk of developing unpleasant side effects.

The dose of admission is determined by the doctor, based on the age of the child, the severity of the infectious process and the general health of the small patient.

Side effects of the drug levomycetin are as follows:

• from the nervous system: disturbances of consciousness up to loss of orientation in place, time and one's own personality, with prolonged use, the development of pathology of peripheral nerves, including optic neuritis with the threat of loss of vision, is possible;
• disorders of the hematopoietic system: decrease in hemoglobin; less often - a decrease in the number of erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes; in persons with a genetic predisposition, irreversible aplastic anemia (irreversible oppression of hematopoiesis) may develop;
• lesions of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract: the formation of ulcers in the oral cavity, pain and discomfort in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloating;
• violation of the excretory function of the kidneys;
• local allergic reactions(allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva).

However, with short-term use of the drug (up to 7-10 days), serious disorders of the nervous system, hematopoiesis and kidneys are extremely rare. If signs of damage to the gastrointestinal tract or local allergic reactions appear, the drug is canceled.

Levomycetin eye drops: storage and shelf life

Levomycetin eye drops are available in dark glass containers. The drug should be stored in a dark, cool place inaccessible to children (storage temperature 8-15 degrees Celsius).

Under normal storage conditions, the shelf life of levomycetin eye drops is 24 months, but an open vial should not be stored for more than one month.

Do chloramphenicol AKOS eye drops help with barley?

Barley- acute purulent inflammation of the glands of the eyelid, which is most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus or other microflora sensitive to chloramphenicol.

So the use of eye drops with the antibiotic chloramphenicol in this case is fully justified.
However, it should be borne in mind that barley often accompanies diseases such as diabetes mellitus, serious pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as other conditions accompanied by hypovitaminosis and immunodeficiency.

Therefore, it is advisable to be examined by an endocrinologist, gastroenterologist and dermatologist. Doctors also advise patients with barley to take a vitamin-rich dietary supplement Brewer's Yeast.

Can levomycetin DIA eye drops be used for newborns?

No. The antibiotic chloramphenicol is a rather toxic substance that can cause the so-called gray neonatal syndrome in infants up to four months old. This pathology is associated with the physiological immaturity of the liver, leading to a violation of the detoxification of the antibiotic and its accumulation in the body.

In mild cases, the gray syndrome of newborns is manifested by gastrointestinal disorders (bloating, diarrhea, vomiting), and in severe cases, severe respiratory disorders, which are accompanied by a drop in blood pressure and cyanosis of the skin (hence the name of the pathology).

Can levomycetin 0 25 eye drops be used during pregnancy and lactation?

Levomycetin crosses the placental barrier and can have a negative effect on the fetus, so pregnancy is a contraindication for prescribing all drugs containing this antibiotic.
The drug is contraindicated in breastfeeding, as it enters the milk and can poison the baby's body.

What is the difference between Levomycetin Dia and Levomycetin AKOS eye drops? The instruction is almost the same, the price is comparable. Checked reviews - no difference.

Nothing surprising. Eye drops Levomycetin Dia and eye drops Levomycetin AKOS are synonyms used by different companies to name the same drug.

Question answer

First of all, it should be noted that any drug must be used according to the instructions. If the instructions say "eye drops" - this means that the drug is intended exclusively for the eyes.

If chloramphenicol eye drops could be instilled into the nose or ear, this would certainly be indicated in the instructions for use of the drug.

In your case, you need to contact an otorhinolaryngologist to find out the cause of purulent discharge from the nose and start adequate treatment.

I decided to buy levomycetin eye drops, but the instructions for use do not contain information about interactions with other drugs. I am a seriously ill person and have to constantly take medication, how compatible are Levomycetin 0.25 eye drops with other drugs?

It is better to take levomycetin 0.25 eye drops on the recommendation and under the supervision of a specialist doctor, who should be informed in advance about all the medicines you are taking.

So, for example, if you suffer from anemia and take iron supplements, folic acid and cyanocobalamin (vitamin B 12), then these drugs will reduce the effect of chloramphenicol eye drops. Antibiotics erythromycin and lincosamides (lincomycin, clindamycin) also show antagonism to chloramphenicol.

But antibacterial agents from the group of sulfonamides (etazol, norsulfazol, sulfadimezin, sulfadimethoxin, sulfalene, etc.) and aminoglycoside antibiotics (streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, amikacin, etc.) potentiate the toxic effects of the active ingredient of chloramphenicol eye drops and therefore together are not assigned.

Levomycetin eye drops are strictly contraindicated in patients with peptic ulcer who constantly use the acid-reducing agent cimetidine, as well as in patients who have undergone a course of cytostatic therapy. In such cases, the use of chloramphenicol is fraught with the development of aplastic anemia.

The combined use of levomycetin eye drops with medical substances containing barbiturates (for example, phenobarbital sleeping pills, Valocordin "heart" drops) leads to an increase in the sedative (calming) effect of barbiturates and a weakening of the therapeutic effect of chloramphenicol.

Eye drops Tobrex (tobramycin): instructions, price, reviews

The active ingredient in Tobrex eye drops is a third-generation aminoglycoside, tobramycin. It is a close relative of the more well-known aminoglycoside antibiotics - streptomycin (first generation aminoglycosides) and gentamicin (second generation).

It should be noted that streptomycin was one of the first antibiotics discovered by mankind (more precisely, the second after penicillin). In the early days of the antibiotic era, powerful antimicrobials were often prescribed indiscriminately, and as a result, physicians were quickly confronted with the emergence of strains of pathogens that were resistant to antibiotic therapy.

Scientists were forced to constantly synthesize new generations of aminoglycosides. Thus, the second-generation antibiotic gentamicin acts on many strains of microbes resistant to streptomycin, and tobramycin, which is the newest antibiotic, also acts on strains resistant to gentamicin.

However, like other aminoglycoside antibiotics, tobramycin is not a broad-spectrum antibiotic and is powerless against many types of bacterial flora, as well as against viruses and protozoa.

In addition, like all antibiotics, Tobrex is contraindicated in allergic and fungal conjunctivitis, and is absolutely useless in the so-called secondary inflammatory processes associated with the pathology of the organ of vision or with general diseases of the body.

Therefore, an ophthalmologist should prescribe Tobrex eye drops after a pre-established diagnosis.

Eye drops Tobrex: instructions for use

Medical indications: Tobrex eye drops are intended for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory eye lesions caused by bacterial flora sensitive to aminoglycosides (conjunctivitis, blepharitis, dacryocystitis (inflammation of the lacrimal gland), keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), uveitis (inflammation of the vascular membrane of the eye)).

In addition, Tobrex is widely used in ophthalmic practice for the prevention of postoperative and post-traumatic purulent complications.

Contraindications to the use of eye drops Tobrex:

• idiosyncrasy (hypersensitivity to the drug);
• inflammation of the auditory nerve;
• gross violations of kidney function;
• myasthenia gravis (severe muscle damage caused by autoimmune aggression).

Possible negative side effects of Tobrex eye drops:

• Nephrotoxicity. With sufficiently long-term use, Tobrex negatively affects kidney function, which is manifested by such symptoms of kidney failure as headache, nausea and vomiting. Such disturbances are usually completely reversible.
• Vestibular disorders and damage to the organ of hearing are manifested by dizziness, loss of balance, hearing loss.
• local reactions. Burning in the eye, lacrimation, redness of the conjunctiva, swelling of the eyelids.

The combination of Tobrex eye drops with other antibiotics from the aminoglycoside group, as well as with the antibiotic vancomycin, mutually enhances nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity (detrimental effect on the auditory nerve). In addition, with such an unfavorable combination, there is a risk of developing disorders of mineral metabolism and hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells).

The general toxicity of the active substance of Tobrex eye drops increases when combined with antibiotics from the cephalosporin group, antibiotics polymyxin B and colistin, as well as in combination with the diuretic furosemide.

Antibiotics erythromycin and levomycetin are pharmacologically incompatible with tobramycin, therefore these antimicrobial agents are not used together with Tobrex eye drops.

In addition, Tobrex eye drops are not prescribed together with anesthetics and neuromuscular blockers, since tobramycin potentiates the effects of the latter by inhibiting neuromuscular transmission.

In severe infections, combinations of tobramycin or other aminoglycosides with sulfonamides (etazol, sodium sulfacyl, sulfadimethoxin, etc.), fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, etc.) and fusidic acid are used. Therefore, if necessary, Tobrex eye drops can be successfully combined with the above antimicrobial agents.

Special instructions. The elderly or senile age of the patient requires caution when prescribing Tobrex eye drops, since with the aging of the body there is a physiological decrease in kidney function.

Storage conditions and shelf life. Tobrex eye drops are stored in a dark, cool place out of the reach of children and animals. An open bottle should not be stored for more than one month.

How much does it cost to buy Tobrex children's eye drops?

Tobrex eye drops are produced without age differences, for children they use the same form of release as for adults: a 5 ml bottle containing a 0.3% solution of the antibiotic tobramycin.

Is there a separate instruction for the use of Tobrex eye drops in children?

For young children, Tobrex eye drops are prescribed with caution due to the pronounced toxic effect of the drug on the kidneys and auditory nerve.

There is no separate instruction for the use of Tobrex for children. The dosage regimen and the duration of the course of taking the drug are determined by the pediatric ophthalmologist, focusing on the age of the child, the presence of concomitant diseases and the severity of the infectious process.

Are Tobrex eye drops available for newborns?

Such a dosage form as "Tobrex Eye Drops for Newborns" does not exist. "Adult" Tobrex to newborns, that is, children of the first four weeks of life, they try not to prescribe, in view of the high risk of developing extremely unpleasant complications.

Can Tobrex 2X eye drops be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding?

No. All preparations containing tobramycin are contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

What are the analogues of the medical preparation eye drops Tobrex? Is the price of similar drugs very different?

Analogues of the medical preparation Tobrex include eye drops:

• Tobrex 2x;
• Tobropt;
• Tobracin ADS;
• Tobramycin Gobbi;
• Bramitob;
• Dilaterol;
• Brulamycin;
• Nebtsin.

The most popular are Tobrex and Tobrex 2X eye drops. The drug Tobrex 2X contains xanthone gum as an auxiliary substance, which allows you to maintain the concentration of tobramycin in the conjunctiva for a longer period. Unlike Tobrex, Tobrex 2X is not a liquid, but a viscous substance - a gel, this is due precisely to the above-mentioned effect.

Patient reviews of Tobrex eye drops (brief analysis)

Most reviews about Tobrex eye drops are positive, patients note a quick effect (cleansing the eye of pus, eliminating pain and inflammation). This is not surprising, since the antibiotic tobramycin belongs to bactericidal drugs, which, unlike bacteriostatic agents, not only inhibit the growth of microorganisms, but completely destroy them.

Negative reviews are mainly represented by complaints of allergic reactions (swelling of the eyelids, nasal congestion, lacrimation, burning in the eyes) following the administration of the drug.

Many reviews indicate the uncontrolled use of the drug without the advice of a doctor, which is absolutely unacceptable. One patient complained that Tobrex did not help him in combination with sodium sulfacyl and ophthalmoferon. Alas, this is a sad result of the uncontrolled use of antimicrobial agents.

The doctor prescribed a standard combination that works against most bacteria and many viruses, and now he will puzzle over what to prescribe to a patient to destroy a stubborn chronic infection that has developed “immunity” to antimicrobial agents.

Eye drops Taufon (taurine): instructions, analogues, price, reviews

Taufon eye drops are a 4% solution of the amino acid taurine, produced in glass or polyethylene bottles of 5 and 10 ml. In addition, the drug is sold in special 1 ml tubes convenient for instillation (10 dropper tubes in one package).

The amino acid taurine, the active ingredient in Taufon eye drops, is a natural component of the human body. At the same time, the predominant majority of taurine is synthesized from the sulfur-containing amino acid cysteine, and a small part comes from food products.

It should be noted that in animal tissues, taurine is contained in fairly low concentrations - mainly in bile. At one time, this amino acid was isolated from the bile of a bull, in honor of which it got its name ( taurus means bull in Latin).

In the human body, taurine is also part of the bile acids, which play an important role in the digestion process. In addition, taurine has a beneficial effect on intracellular metabolism, helping to restore damaged cell membranes, and inhibits pathological impulses in the nervous tissue, preventing convulsive seizures.

Eye drops Taufon (taurine) as a cure for cataracts and not only

The use of taurine in medicine is mainly due to its beneficial effect on the tissues of the organ of vision. With local subconjunctival administration, taurine has the following effects:

• reparative (promotes the restoration of damaged cells);
• metabolic (improves metabolism in the tissues of the eye);
• anti-cataract (protects the lens of the eye from clouding).

• pathology of the cornea (trauma, dystrophic processes);
• pathology of the lens (cataract);
• glaucoma (a decrease in intraocular pressure occurs mainly due to the improvement of metabolic processes in the affected eye, so taufon is used in combination with other drugs in this pathology);
• damage to the retinal receptors that perceive visual objects.

The only contraindication to the use of Taufon (taurine) eye drops is individual sensitivity to the drug. A pathological reaction to the drug is manifested by burning in the eye, lacrimation, redness and swelling of the eye immediately after using eye drops.

Analogues of the medical preparation eye drops Taufon: instructions, price and reviews

The most popular eye drops, the active ingredient of which is the amino acid taurine, are known by the following names:

• Taufon;
• Taufon AKOS;
• Taurine;
• Taurine DIA;
• Taurine AKOS.

Then, for unknown reasons (evil tongues talk about the desire of manufacturers to cash in on the “promoted” brand), the Taufon drug has risen many times in price, so that its cost today reaches 180 rubles for one 10 ml bottle.

While the full analogue of Taurine or Taurine-dia can be purchased for only 12 rubles (5 ml). The price of a pack of Taurine dropper tubes is much higher (about 75 rubles for a pack of 10 1 ml tubes), but here you have to pay for the ease of use of the drug.

The instructions for use of all analogues of Taufon eye drops are identical, the number of positive and negative reviews is also quite comparable.

The use of the drug eye drops Taufon (Taurine). Brief instruction

Dosage regimen and duration of treatment courses:

• For senile, diabetic, traumatic and radiation cataracts, Taufon eye drops are used 1-2 drops 2-4 times a day. Three-month courses of treatment are carried out with an interval of one month.
• For injuries and dystrophies of the cornea, the drug is prescribed in the same dose. The course of treatment is one month.
• With dystrophic processes in the retina, Taufon is instilled once a day for 10 days. Courses are held twice a year.
• Open-angle glaucoma is treated in combination with timolol. At the same time, Taufon is instilled 1-2 drops twice a day half an hour before taking timolol.

Eye drops Taufon (Taurine) for children, pregnant women and nursing mothers

The active substance of Taufon eye drops crosses the placenta and into breast milk. Unfortunately, today medicine does not have enough reliable data on the effect of taurine on the course of pregnancy and fetal development. There is also no data on the effect of Taufon eye drops on the children's body.

Therefore, pregnant and lactating women, as well as children under the age of 18, should take Taufon eye drops only in cases where the possible benefits of using drops significantly outweigh the risks of using an insufficiently studied drug.

Reviews of patients about the medical preparation Taufon (Taurine, Taurine Dia, Taurine AKOS)

Among the patient reviews about Taufon eye drops, positive ratings prevail. The disadvantages of the drug most often include an overpriced price and a short shelf life of the drug after opening the package.

Some patients complain of pain and burning in the eye immediately after instillation of the drug. There were no reviews indicating serious allergic reactions that required the withdrawal of Taufon eye drops.

As the analysis of the reviews showed, many patients use Taufon and its analogues (Taurine, Taurine Dia, Taurine AKOS) as a means of increasing the tolerance of contact lenses, relieving fatigue after prolonged work at the computer and improving vision.

It should be noted that taurine optimizes metabolic and energy processes in the cells of the eyeball, increases the ability of tissues to recover. However, the use of the drug must be combined with other rules for the prevention of pathology of the organ of vision (computer hygiene, professional selection of contact lenses and proper care for them).

It is by no means necessary to expect improvement in vision after taking Taufon eye drops in case of serious eye pathology. So if you notice a clear decrease in vision, it is best not to self-diagnose eye fatigue, but to seek help from a specialist.

Reviews of doctors about the medical preparation Taufon (Taurine, Taurine Dia, Taurine AKOS)

Reviews of doctors about the medical drug Taufon indicate that the drug, as a rule, is well tolerated by patients and does not cause complaints.

Taufon eye drops (Taurine, Taurine Dia, Taurine Akos) in ophthalmic practice are most often prescribed as an adjuvant in a complex of other therapeutic measures and, according to experts, contribute to the overall result.

As for the treatment of cataracts, here the opinions of professionals are divided. Many ophthalmologists believe that Taufon eye drops, as well as other medications intended for the conservative treatment of this pathology, are not capable of having a serious effect and are only psychological preparation for surgery.

Other doctors defend the opposite point of view and argue that although Taufon eye drops are not able to completely heal from cataracts, they can significantly slow down the process, postponing the need for surgery for many years or even decades.

Question answer

In your particular case, Taufon eye drops are unlikely to help, contact an ophthalmologist to find out the cause of prolonged eye hyperemia. This symptom occurs in many serious pathologies - both local (conjunctival inflammation, hyperopia, myopia, increased intraocular pressure, etc.) and general (diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal tract lesions, Sjögren's syndrome, etc.), therefore seek qualified help.

My daughter, 7 years old, has a pronounced degree of myopia, the doctor recommended buying Taufon eye drops and conducting a monthly course of treatment. I bought Taurine Dia at a pharmacy (I was told that it is the same thing, but the price is several times lower). However, the instructions for the drug states that Taufon eye drops are not prescribed for children under 18 years of age. What does it mean?

Data on the effect of the active substance of Taufon eye drops on the developing body of a child today is not enough to judge its complete safety.

Therefore, Taufon eye drops are prescribed to children in cases where the drug is able to bring tangible benefits that exceed the risk of using an insufficiently studied drug.

It should be noted that Taufon eye drops with myopia can have a positive effect only if they are prescribed in a complex of other therapeutic measures (gymnastics for the eyes, limiting the load on vision, treatment courses of drugs that relieve spasm of the ciliary muscle, twice a year hardware treatment in a hospital or clinic).

Emoksipin eye drops and their analogues. Instructions for use, price, reviews

Eye drops Emoksipin, like most medications, consists of active and excipients.

The active substance of the drug, providing all its healing properties, is a 1% solution of methylethylpyridinol hydrochloride (international name methylethylpyridinol).

Methylethylpyridinol belongs to the category of so-called antioxidants - substances that protect cellular structures from aggressive oxidative radicals formed during vital processes.

When injected into the conjunctival cavity, the active substance of Emoxipin eye drops has the following effects:

• antioxidant;
• angioprotective (protects the walls of blood vessels from damage);
• antihypoxic (increases the resistance of tissues to a lack of oxygen);
• antiplatelet (prevents agglutination of erythrocytes in capillaries);
• retinoprotective (protects the retina from pathological effects).

Eye drops Emoksipin have the following indications for use:

• dystrophic processes in the cornea, choroid and retina;
• "eye" complications of diabetes;
• treatment and prevention of hemorrhages under the conjunctiva and inside the eyeball;
• complications of myopia;
• protection of the cornea when using contact lenses;
• treatment and prevention of retinal burns when exposed to high intensity light (laser and sunburn, laser coagulation);
• inflammation and corneal cornea;
• prevention of complications during surgical interventions on the organ of vision

The drug is contraindicated in case of increased individual sensitivity to the active substance or auxiliary components of the drug.

Brief instructions for the use of eye drops Emoksipin

Dosing regimen: Eye drops Emoksipin appoint 1-2 drops 2-3 times a day. The duration of the course of treatment is determined by an ophthalmologist, focusing on the type of pathology and the severity of damage to the organ of vision (ranging from 3 to 180 days).

If necessary, conduct monthly courses of treatment with Emoxipin 2-3 times a year.

Side effects of Emoxipin eye drops: itching, burning or cramping may occur immediately after instillation of the drug. Local allergic reactions (redness of the eyes, swelling of the eyelids and bridge of the nose, lacrimation, nasal congestion) are extremely rare.

Additional instructions: Emoxipin eye drops should not be mixed with other drugs.
If it is necessary to use several types of eye drops at the same time, Emoxipin is instilled last, after waiting for the time necessary for the absorption of the previous drug (at least 15 minutes).

Are Emoxipin eye drops prescribed to children, women during pregnancy and lactation

Emoxipan eye drops are not prescribed for children under 18 years of age, as well as for women during pregnancy and lactation, since there are no reliable clinical data confirming its safety for these categories of patients.
It should be borne in mind that, being absorbed through the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva into the blood, emoxipin can have a systemic effect, in particular, reduce blood pressure, inhibit the ability of blood to coagulate, etc.

If you need to buy Emoxipin eye drops: price and analogues

The most common complete analogues (generics) of Emoxipin eye drops are the following drugs:

• Emoxy Optic
• Emoxybel
• Methylethylpyridonol-Escom
• Emoxipin-Akos

At the same time, the price depends not only on the name of the analogue, but also on the manufacturer, distributor and seller.