Ceftriaxone injections: instructions, price, reviews. Ceftriaxone - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and formulations (powder for injection) of a drug for the treatment of infections in adults, children and pregnancy

3rd generation cephalosporin

Active substance

Ceftriaxone (as sodium salt) (ceftriaxone)

Release form, composition and packaging

Powder for solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration crystalline, almost white or yellowish.

Glass bottles (1) - packs of cardboard.

pharmachologic effect

Semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic of the third generation with a wide spectrum of action.

The bactericidal activity of ceftriaxone is due to the suppression of the synthesis of cell membranes. The drug is highly resistant to the action of beta-lactamases (penicillinase and cephalosporinase) of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

Ceftriaxone active against gram-negative aerobic microorganisms: Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (including strains resistant to), Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebssiella spp. (including Klebssiella pneumoniae), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including strains that form and do not form penicillinase), Neisseria meningitidis, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter diversus, Providencia spp. , Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.

A number of strains of the above microorganisms that are resistant to other antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, are sensitive to ceftriaxone.

Individual strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are also sensitive to the drug.

A drug active against gram-positive aerobic microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus (including strains that form penicillinase), Staphylococcus epidermidis (methicillin-resistant staphylococci are resistant to all cephalosporins, including ceftriaxone), Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci ), Streptococcus pneumoniae; anaerobic microorganisms: Bacteroides spp., Clostridium spp. (with the exception of Clostridium difficile).

Pharmacokinetics

Suction

When administered intramuscularly, ceftriaxone is well absorbed from the injection site and reaches high serum concentrations. The bioavailability of the drug is 100%.

With simultaneous appointment with drugs that reduce platelet aggregation (NSAIDs, salicylates, sulfinpyrazone), the risk of bleeding increases. With simultaneous appointment with marked increase in the action of the latter.

With simultaneous appointment with "loop" diuretics, the risk of developing a nephrotoxic effect increases.

Ceftriaxone and aminoglycosides are synergistic against many Gram-negative bacteria.

Incompatible with ethanol.

Pharmaceutical interaction

Ceftriaxone solutions should not be mixed or administered simultaneously with other antimicrobials. Ceftriaxone must not be mixed with solutions containing calcium.

special instructions

With long-term treatment, it is necessary to regularly monitor the picture of peripheral blood, indicators of the functional state of the liver and kidneys.

During treatment, you can not drink alcohol, since disulfiram-like effects are possible (flushing of the face, spasm in the abdomen and in the stomach, nausea, vomiting, headache, lowering blood pressure, tachycardia, shortness of breath).

Despite a detailed history taking, which is the rule for other cephalosporin antibiotics, the possibility of developing anaphylactic shock cannot be ruled out, which requires immediate therapy - epinephrine is administered intravenously first, then corticosteroids.

In vitro studies have shown that, like other cephalosporin antibiotics, ceftriaxone is able to displace bilirubin bound to serum albumin. Therefore, in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia and, especially in premature newborns, the use of ceftriaxone requires even greater caution.

Elderly and debilitated patients may require the appointment of vitamin K.

Store the prepared solution at room temperature for no more than 6 hours or in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2-8 ° C for no more than 24 hours.

Pregnancy and lactation

The use of the drug during pregnancy is possible only in cases where the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus, tk. ceftriaxone crosses the placental barrier.

If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation should decide on the termination of breastfeeding, tk. ceftriaxone is excreted in breast milk.

For impaired renal function

With caution, the drug is prescribed for violations of kidney function.

With simultaneous severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, in patients on hemodialysis, plasma concentrations of the drug should be regularly determined.

With long-term treatment, it is necessary to regularly monitor the indicators of the functional state of the kidneys.

For impaired liver function

With simultaneous severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, in patients on hemodialysis, plasma concentrations of the drug should be regularly determined.

With long-term treatment, it is necessary to regularly monitor the indicators of the functional state of the liver.

In rare cases, ultrasound of the gallbladder shows blackouts that disappear after stopping treatment (even if this phenomenon is accompanied by pain in the right hypochondrium, it is recommended to continue prescribing an antibiotic and performing symptomatic treatment).

Terms of dispensing from pharmacies

The drug is dispensed by prescription.

Terms and conditions of storage

The drug should be stored out of the reach of children, dry, dark place at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Best before date - 3 years

Instructions for use:

Ceftriaxone is a 3rd generation cephalosporin.

Composition and dosage form of Ceftriaxone

The drug is produced in the form of a powder for preparing a solution in 1 g glass vials containing the active substance - ceftriaxone 1 g.

pharmachologic effect

According to the instructions, Ceftriaxone is a semi-synthetic antibiotic belonging to the 3rd generation cephalosporins. The drug is resistant to the action of beta-lactamase, as well as gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. It has a broad bactericidal action.

Indications for use

Ceftriaxone according to the instructions is prescribed for such infectious and inflammatory diseases as:

wound infections;

Infectious diseases of the skin and soft tissues;

Meningitis;

Infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients;

Infectious diseases of the joints and bones;

Disseminated Lyme borreliosis in the early and late stages;

Infectious diseases of the abdominal organs (infections of the biliary tract and gastrointestinal tract, peritonitis);

Infectious diseases of the urinary tract and kidneys;

Infectious diseases of the pelvic organs;

Infectious diseases of the ear, throat, nose;

Gonorrhea;

Infectious diseases of the genital organs;

Infectious diseases of the respiratory tract;

The indication for Ceftriaxone is the prevention of infections after surgery.

Contraindications

The use of ceftriaxone is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

According to reviews, Ceftriaxone should be prescribed with caution in cases of impaired renal and hepatic function, in UC, in colitis and enteritis caused by taking antibacterial drugs, as well as in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia.

While taking Ceftriaxone, according to indications, it is forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages.

Method of application of Ceftriaxone and dosing regimen

According to the instructions, Ceftriaxone is used for intravenous or intramuscular administration.

Children over 12 years of age and adults are prescribed treatment with Ceftriaxone at a dosage of 1-2 g once a day. In case of especially severe infections, an increase in the daily dosage up to 4 g is allowed.

For newborns under the age of two weeks, the dosage is 20-50 mg per kg of body weight once a day. The maximum daily dosage is 50 mg per kg of body weight.

For infants and children under 12 years of age, the dosage of Ceftriaxone is 20-80 mg per kg of body weight once a day.

For children weighing more than 50 kg, the dosage is calculated as for adults.

Doses of 50 mg per kg of body weight or more when administered intravenously are administered drip for at least half an hour.

The duration of treatment depends on the indications for ceftriaxone. After eradication of the pathogen and normalization of body temperature, treatment with Ceftriaxone should be continued for another 2-3 days.

With bacterial meningitis in infants, the dosage of the drug is 100 mg / kg body weight once a day.

With Lyme borreliosis, children over 12 years of age and adults are prescribed 50 mg per kg of body weight once a day. The duration of treatment with Ceftriaxone is two weeks.

With gonorrhea, Ceftriaxone is effective at a dosage of 250 mg intramuscularly once.

For the prevention of infections in the postoperative period, the drug is administered at a dosage of 1-2 g once an hour and a half before surgery.

Side effects

According to reviews, Ceftriaxone causes the following side reactions:

Allergies: fever or chills, urticaria, eosinophilia, bronchospasm, serum sickness, exudative erythema multiforme, anaphylactic shock, skin rash, itching.

Hematopoietic system: leukopenia, anemia, neutropenia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, lymphopenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypocoagulation.

Digestive system: flatulence, constipation or diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, taste disturbance, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, dysbacteriosis, liver dysfunction.

Urinary system: anuria, impaired renal function, oliguria.

Local reactions: with intravenous administration - soreness along the vein, phlebitis, with intramuscular injection - pain at the injection site.

In addition to the above adverse reactions, Ceftriaxone, according to reviews, can cause nosebleeds, dizziness, superinfection, headache, and candidiasis.

Drug Interactions with Ceftriaxone

With the simultaneous use of Ceftriaxone with:

Drugs that reduce platelet aggregation increase the risk of bleeding;

Anticoagulants enhance the effect of the latter;

"Loop" diuretics there is a risk of developing a nephrotoxic effect;

The use of ceftriaxone during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Treatment with Ceftriaxone during pregnancy is possible only under strict indications.

When using the drug during lactation, it is necessary to stop breastfeeding.

Storage conditions

Ceftriaxone belongs to list B drugs. Store it at room temperature in a dry place for no longer than three years.

Ceftriaxone ® is a 3rd generation bactericidal antibiotic. The drug is characterized by prolonged action and high efficiency against most gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, including strains that secrete penicillinases and cephalosporinases.

The price depends on the manufacturer. Russian Ceftriaxone ® , regardless of the manufacturer, belongs to inexpensive antibiotics. For example, an ampoule (1 g) produced by the pharmaceutical company Synthesis AKOMP ® will cost the buyer 27 rubles, Biochemist ® Saransk - 29 rubles, and Lecco ® - 36 rubles.

Swiss Ceftriaxone ® produced by the pharmaceutical company Hoffmann la Roche ® costs about 550 rubles per ampoule.

It has a powerful bactericidal activity and an ultra wide spectrum of antimicrobial effects. The mechanism of antibacterial action of Ceftriaxone ® is realized through active acetylation of membrane-bound transpeptidases, leading to destabilization of the cross-linking of reference polymers in the bacterial cell. Violation of the strength of the membrane leads to rapid cell death.

It should be noted that the drug is able to overcome the placental barrier, so Ceftriaxone ® during pregnancy is not recommended to be administered in the 1st trimester. During lactation, up to four percent of the antibiotic concentration in the blood can be excreted along with breast milk.

The necessary bactericidal parameters in the blood are achieved 1.5 hours after administration. Since the drug has a prolonged action, the minimum antimicrobial concentration in the body is maintained in the blood during the day, which allows it to be administered once a day. However, in case of severe infection or high risk of complications, it is preferable to divide the daily dose into 2 injections. This allows higher bactericidal concentrations to be maintained. Also, you should divide the daily dose into 2 times when prescribing high doses.

In patients older than seventy-five years, the elimination period is prolonged due to the age-related decline in renal function. In this regard, it may be necessary to adjust the prescribed dose. It is preferable to administer the daily dose in such patients at one time.

The excretion of this drug from the body is carried out mainly with urine. Part of the drug is disposed of with bile.

Pharmacological group

The drug belongs to the third generation cephalosporin antibiotics.

Ceftriaxone ® - release form

It has only an injection form of release. The antibiotic is sold in pharmacies, by prescription.

The pharmacological group of ceftriaxone is third-generation parenteral, that is, it can only be used intramuscularly or intravenously. Sold in ampoules of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg. Rocephin is available in an additional dosage of 250 mg.

Photo ceftriaxone ® Kabi 1000 mg powder for solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration

Ceftriaxone ® prescription in Latin

Ceftriaxone ® in Latin is Ceftriaxoni.

Rp.: Ceftriaxoni 1.0

S. In the supplied IM diluent, once a day.

Ceftriaxone ® - composition of the drug

The antibiotic is produced in the form of sodium salt. The active substance, ceftriaxone, easily penetrates into body fluids and media, accumulates significantly in inflamed tissues. With inflammation of the meninges, the antibiotic can accumulate in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Rofecin ® - in the form of a disodium derivative (disodium hydrate). Each ampoule of Rofecin ® is completed with a solvent (lidocaine or injection water).

What does ceftriaxone ® help with?

The antibiotic has an ultra-wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity, covering staphylococci, pneumococci, citrobacter, most strains of Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Ducrey's bacillus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella, Moraxella, gonococcus, meningococcus, Proteus, Salmonella, Serration, Shigella, Yersinia, some Clostridia and Fusobacteria , peptococci, peptostreptococci, white treponema.

Methicillin-resistant staphylococci, some enterococci, listeria, bacteroids and clostridium deficille have absolute resistance to Ceftriaxone ®.

Ceftriaxone ® - indications for use

An antibiotic can be used for:

bacterial lesions of the OBP (abdominal organs). May be prescribed for the treatment of abscess, phlegmon, empyema of the gallbladder, bacterial inflammation of the bile ducts, peritonitis, etc.;
infections of the ENT - organs and respiratory organs. systems (including complicated ones, lung tissue abscesses, pleural empyema);
carriage of salmonella and;
typhoid fever;
osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, ;
bacterial lesions of the skin and pancreas, including burns complicated by bacterial flora, etc.;
Lyme disease;
infectious pathologies of the genitourinary system (including gonorrhea, soft chancre, syphilis);
endocarditis;
generalization of infection (development of sepsis);
infections, in patients with;
preventive therapy before surgical intervention on the OBP and pelvic organs.

Ceftriaxone ® - contraindications

An allergy to the drug or other beta-lactam antibiotics is an absolute contraindication. This is due to the fact that among all beta-lactams there is a risk of cross-allergic reactions.

Also, it is not prescribed in the 1st trimester of pregnancy and women who are breastfeeding.

Considering the mechanism of utilization (urine and bile), wed-in can be prescribed for kidney or liver dysfunction, but is not used for combined renal and hepatic insufficiency.

The drug is contraindicated in premature infants less than 41 weeks of age, taking into account the gestational age and age after birth. It is also contraindicated in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia.

Against the background of antibiotic treatment, it is forbidden to administer intravenous calcium solutions, as there is a risk of the formation of a precipitate of the Ca salt of Ceftriaxone ® .

The remedy can be prescribed to children from the first days of life, however, up to two weeks of life it can be used only for health reasons. This is due to its ability to displace bilirubin from its association with serum albumin. This can lead to the development of hyperbilirubinemia and cause kernicterus.

Given the partial utilization with bile, the drug is not prescribed to patients with obstruction of the biliary tract.

An antibiotic on lidocaine is not administered to children under 12 years of age.

Also, it must be taken into account that lidocaine is contraindicated in women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, patients with atrioventricular block, heart failure (heart failure), SVC or Stokes-Adams syndrome, sinus node weakness, complete transverse block, severe bradyarrhythmia, or marked decrease in pressure.

Ceftriaxone ® - Dosage

Introduced intravenously in 10 ml of physical. solution 0.9%. The drug must be administered slowly, over two to four minutes.

Intramuscularly it is administered on lidocaine, physical. solution, water for injection. V / m is not recommended to enter more than a gram. Higher dosages are prescribed in / in.

After 12 years, 1 g Wed is administered 1-2 times a day. In severe cases of the disease, a maximum of four grams per day can be administered (twice, with an interval of 12 hours).

Babies under the age of 2 weeks of life are prescribed 20-50 mg / kg per day for 1 administration.

Bacterial meningitis is an indication for 100 mg/kg of the drug per day during initial therapy. In the future, the dose is reduced.

From 14 days to 12 years 20-80 mg/kg per day. If the child weighs more than 50 kg, it is necessary to prescribe adult doses.

For patients with kidney pathologies, the dose is reduced in accordance with the GFR. Liver dysfunction is also an indication for a reduction in the daily dose.

How many times a day should Ceftriaxone ® be injected for an adult?

The drug is administered 1-2 times a day. In severe infections, the risk of complications, the appointment of high doses of the drug, as well as the presence of an immunodeficiency patient, it is preferable to divide the daily dose into two injections.

Ceftriaxone ® side effects

The antibiotic is generally well tolerated by patients. However, the risk of developing allergic reactions should be taken into account. They can have varying degrees of severity from redness and rash at the injection site, urticaria, to Quincke's edema or anaphylactic shock.

The risk of anaphylaxis increases with the introduction of lidocaine ® . Therefore, when appointing a sr-va, a test is mandatory. Also, contraindications and restrictions to the use of lidocaine are taken into account.

It is forbidden to self-administer the drug, adjust the dosage and duration of treatment. Therapy should be carried out in stationary conditions, under the supervision of the attending physician.

Other undesirable effects may be manifested by dyspeptic reactions, diarrhea, phlebitis at the injection site, dysbacteriosis, thrush, changes in the CLA and biochemical analysis. Coagulation disorders are rare (the antibiotic inhibits the intestinal microflora that synthesizes vitamin K) and, as a rule, is characteristic of patients receiving antiplatelet therapy.

In rare cases, antibiotic-associated diarrhea may develop.

Ceftriaxone ® during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The antibiotic is able to overcome the placental barrier, but does not have embryotoxic and teratogenic effects. Ceftriaxone ® during pregnancy is not recommended for administration in the first trimester, as there is insufficient data on its safety in this category of patients. Controlled animal studies have not shown toxic effects on the fetus, so antibiotics can be used in the 2nd and 3rd trimester.

Ceftriaxone ® during lactation can be excreted in breast milk, therefore, when it is prescribed to women who are breastfeeding, a temporary cessation of natural feeding is recommended. This is due to the fact that the antibiotic excreted with breast milk can cause sensitization of the baby, the development of oral thrush and intestinal dysbacteriosis.

Ceftriaxone ® and alcohol - compatibility

Ceftriaxone ® and alcohol are categorically incompatible. First, given that the medium is partially utilized by the liver, such a combination can lead to the development of jaundice and drug-induced hepatitis.

Secondly, the use of alcoholic beverages against the background of antibiotic therapy can cause severe intoxication and toxic damage to the kidneys.

Thirdly, this can lead to the development of a severe disulfiram-like reaction. It can be manifested by tachycardia, chills, tremor of the extremities, convulsions, cardiac arrhythmias, arterial hypotension, up to collapse.

Allergy to Ceftriaxone ®

It is not prescribed to patients with allergies to other beta-lactams, due to the high risk of developing an allergic cross-reaction.

Also, before the introduction, it is always necessary to put a sample.

Allergic manifestations can vary from urticaria to anaphylaxis (in the absence of timely medical care, death is possible).

Deaths have been associated with its dilution and administration with lidocaine. Given the risk of anaphylactic shock, self-treatment with an antibiotic is strictly prohibited. The drug should be used exclusively in a hospital, after setting the sample.

The drug diluted with lidocaine ® is administered only intramuscularly, intravenous administration is strictly contraindicated.

When administered intramuscularly, 250 or 500 mg is diluted in two ml of 1% lidocaine ® . One gram of antibiotic is diluted with 3.5 milliliters of 1% lidocaine ® .

If 2% lidocaine ® is used, injectable water should be used additionally. With the introduction of 250 and 500 ml of the antibiotic, it is diluted with 1 ml of lidocaine ® (2%) and 1 ml of water for injection. One gram of antibiotic is diluted with 1.8 ml of lidocaine ® + 1.8 ml of injection water.

Can ceftriaxone ® be diluted with novocaine?

Recent studies have shown that the drug should not be diluted with novocaine for administration. Its use is associated with the risk of anaphylaxis. It also reduces the activity of cephalosporin and relieves pain worse than lidocaine®.

Ceftriaxone ® injections - reviews of doctors

The drug has repeatedly proven its effectiveness in the treatment of infections of the upper respiratory tract and respiratory organs. system, infections of the OBP, skin, etc.

However, it must be remembered that the remedy should be used only as directed and under the supervision of a physician. This will reduce the risk of developing unwanted effects.

Patients note a rapid and persistent onset of improvement. Negative reviews of the drug are most often associated with its pain when administered intramuscularly.

Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin antibiotic that has a bactericidal effect due to the fact that it can inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell membranes.

It has a wide range of antimicrobial effects, including effects on aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, both gram-positive and negative.

The drug is quickly delivered to the organs and remains in the body for a long time, excretion is carried out with the help of the kidneys. The release form of the drug is represented by a whitish or yellowish powder.

Instructions for Ceftriaxone (injections) include the main indications for use:

infectious diseases of the lower respiratory tract;
ENT diseases;
infectious diseases of the skin, as well as soft tissues;
infections of the kidneys and organs of the genitourinary system;
diseases of bones and joints caused by infections;
peritonitis;
sexually transmitted infectious diseases;
salmonellosis;

Also, according to the instructions for use, Ceftriaxone is used as a prophylactic after surgical interventions, in order to prevent the development of infectious processes. Composition: 1 vial contains 1.0 ceftriaxone sodium salt.

Ceftriaxone is an effective treatment for prostatitis. Its effectiveness is due to the fact that it is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, as a result of which the effect on the area of infection occurs instantly, it is retained in organs and tissues throughout the day.

In the treatment of prostatitis, Ceftriaxone injections are very effective, especially in the presence of an acute form of the disease. Already after several injections, pain sensations decrease, the temperature normalizes, urination returns to normal, and the inflammatory process decreases.

Ceftriaxone acts on the inflamed prostate in the following way: the active ingredients of the drug penetrate into the circulatory system, then they diverge in equal amounts through the tissues and organs, thus entering the genitourinary system, where they immediately begin an active fight against infection.

The effect of the use of Ceftriaxone in prostatitis is usually noticeable after the second injection.

As a rule, antibiotics for prostatitis, and Ceftriaxone is no exception, are prescribed individually for each patient, taking into account his age, severity and duration of the disease, as well as taking into account the characteristics of the organism.

Treatment takes place over a course of 2 weeks until the pathological bacteria are completely eliminated from the body. Application for the treatment of other diseases occurs according to the doctor's prescription, where, depending on the disease, age, individual characteristics, the necessary dosage and course of therapy are prescribed.

In order to avoid unpleasant pain after an injection, it is important to know how to properly dilute Ceftriaxone and carefully read the instructions. Before using Ceftriaxone, it should be diluted with 1% lidocaine or novocaine. Before the introduction of the resulting solution must be warmed to room temperature.

In order to get Ceftriaxone in the required dosage, you need: 1 g of antibiotic and 2 ampoules of lidocaine. To obtain 0.5 g of the solution, 500 mg of the antibiotic and 1 ampoule of lidocaine are needed. For a single injection of the drug in the amount of 250 mg, you will need to draw 1 ampoule of lidocaine and 1 vial of Ceftriaxone into 2 syringes.

Like most antibiotics, Ceftriaxone has some contraindications for use:

Intolerance to cephalosporins, allergic reactions.
Pregnancy.
Prematurity of newborns.
Renal or liver failure.
Ulcerative colitis.
Enteritis.
lactation period.

As a rule, Ceftriaxone injections are well tolerated, however, in some cases, the drug can cause side effects:

Allergic manifestations.
Digestive disorders.
Hepatitis.
Eosinophilia.
Quincke's edema (in rare cases).

Ceftriaxone (injections): instructions for use of the drug by the elderly and children, analogues

When ceftriaxone injections are given to children, it is important to consider the following:

Children from 12 years of age are prescribed 1 injection per day, 1 gram of antibiotic. If the disease is severe, it is allowed to increase the dose to 3-4 grams.
Children under 12 years of age are prescribed 1 injection per day at a dosage of 20-75 mg per kg of body weight.
Children at the age of two weeks are given 1 injection per day at a dosage of 25-50 mg per kg of body weight.

When using Ceftriaxone injections for children, it is recommended to dilute it with plain water, since lidocaine can cause convulsions and disruption of the heart, and novocaine can provoke anaphylactic shock.

Ceftriaxone (injections) instructions for use in children recommend the method of administration, usually intravenous - for newborns, for children from 12 years old - intramuscular. The drug must be administered very slowly to reduce pain.

The main indications for use is the presence of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the antibiotic. Contraindications are prematurity and hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. In elderly patients, vitamin K is recommended in addition to ceftriaxone.

The dosage is applied, as a rule, standard, recommended for adults, a way of introduction intramuscular and intravenous. Indications: infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms sensitive to Ceftriaxone. Contraindications, according to the instructions for use of Ceftriaxone in injections: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, renal failure.

Ceftriaxone has the following analogues:

Rocefin.
Azaran.
Madakson.
Oframax.
Stericef.
Triaxon.
Cefathrin.
Chizon.

The price of one bottle of Ceftriaxone is on average 30 rubles.

Ceftriaxone is a potent antibiotic. In medical practice, it has become no less popular than penicillin. The drug acts on most known harmful bacteria, and has helped many infectious patients. In many cases, the use of Ceftriaxone is justified.

Injections of the drug cause pain and sometimes allergic reactions. But attempts to replace ceftriaxone with analogues lead to an increase in the cost of treatment. Then how to replace Ceftriaxone in injections? How effective is it in the fight against syphilis and prostatitis? Let's compare its properties with Penicillin, Rocefin and Azaran?

An antibacterial cephalosporin agent that has a powerful inhibitory effect on the membrane of bacteria is called ceftriaxone. Injections (intravenous and intramuscular) are the main route of administration of the drug into the body. Oral administration is not provided, only injections.

Ceftriaxone: what does this drug help with?

Ceftriaxone has been successfully used in combating infectious and inflammatory diseases:

Respiratory organs (meningitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, bronchitis, epiglottitis, sinusitis, lung abscess);
Urogenital infections (urethritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, epidirmitis, pyelitis);
prostate gland (prostatitis);
Venereal diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, chancroid);
Furunculosis;
Abdominal cavity (angiocholitis, peritonitis);
Skin (streptoderma);
With otitis;
typhoid fever;
bacterial septicemia;
Associated with bone tissue, skin and joints;
Tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease).

To stabilize health after various types of operations (removal of appendicitis, gallbladder, postpartum), ceftriaxone injections are also prescribed.

Instructions for use are obligatory for execution. The drug is dispensed in a pharmacy after a prescription from a doctor.

Ceftriaxone dosage is an important component of prevention and treatment

For children over 12 years old (weighing 50 kg) and adults, the daily dosage is 1-2 g. This volume can be divided into two injections (after 12 hours). In the treatment of severe infections, the dosage is increased to 4 grams. No more than 2 g is administered at a time.

For children under 12 years of age, the use of cephalosporins is not recommended, it is prescribed in extreme cases in the following proportions:

For children up to 2 weeks old - up to 50 mg per kg / day;
For children under 12 years old (weighing up to 50 kg), the maximum dosage is up to 80 mg per kg / day.

Ceftriaxone may be given by drip over 30 minutes.

The accuracy of dosing is selected by the doctor, based on the severity and type of infection, the age and condition of the patient.

The duration of the course is at least 5 days. It can take up to 2-3 weeks. It is selected so that the eradication of the infection ends two days before the end of therapy.

Preparation of Ceftriaxone before an injection

Ceftriaxone is diluted with an injection liquid, painkillers (Lidocaine, Novocaine). Injections of all antibiotics are painful.

1 gram of Ceftriaxone is diluted with 4 ml of Lidocaine.

The procedure for preparing a solution of Ceftriaxone:

The ampoule with the solvent is opened;
The aluminum cap on the bottle with Ceftriaxone is bent (the rim of the cap is not removed);
4 ml of Lidocaine or Novocaine are drawn into the syringe;
4 ml of anesthetic is injected into a container with Ceftriaxone powder and stirred.

Ceftriaxone is poorly soluble, stirring must be done carefully. The finished solution has a light yellow color.

Ceftriaxone injections: side effects

The central nervous system may show symptoms of resistance to the composition of the drug through migraines. Side effects of Ceftriaxone include allergy, itching, and rarely anaphylactic shock (Quincke's edema).

Swelling may occur at the injection sites. Temporary hypoprothrombinemia or phlebitis may occur.

When using Ceftriaxone, there are risks of getting angioedema. 10-20% of such cases are fatal, which shows the importance of planning treatment measures, prescribing dosages and constant monitoring of the patient's condition and analyzes.

During hemodialysis, measurements of the patient's plasma and blood are constantly taken to detect an increased concentration of the drug. Prolonged treatment disrupts the functioning of the liver and kidneys. Patients are often prescribed vitamin K (especially the elderly).

Exceeding the dosage is prohibited, as it leads to the destruction of the intestinal microflora (dysbacteriosis), the digestive system disintegrates.

The interaction of Ceftriaxone with ethyl alcohol causes disulfiram-like effects.

Use with other β-lactam antibiotics is also not acceptable, as it causes:

hyperemia;
vomiting;
tachycardia;
Headache;
Abdominal cramps;
Various bleeding.

If side effects occur, the drug is stopped.

What can ceftriaxone be diluted with? Instructions for use: injections with lidocaine.

Ceftriaxone powder is recommended to be diluted with 10% lidocaine solution or sterile injection fluid. Ceftriaxone in liquid form must be administered no later than 6 hours after preparation. Using a refrigerator increases the shelf life of the drug up to 24 hours.

Ceftriaxone is used in the treatment of syphilis

The use of penicillin for the treatment of syphilis (Treponema pallidum) is the mainstay of therapy. Ceftriaxone is prescribed in case of allergy to penicillin.

The irreplaceable properties of Ceftriaxone are:

The ability to suppress the cellular formation of bacteria;
Rapid and complete penetration into the cells of the body; syphilis is the only infection that has a detrimental effect on the cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid in which the entire central nervous system is immersed) and forms a disease such as neurosyphilis.

Ceftriaxone is the most active 3rd generation cephalosporin against the following organisms:

N.gonorrhoeae (gonookcus);
N. meningitidis (meningococcus);
H.influenzae (Pfeiffer's wand).

The pharmacokinetics of the drug in terms of absorption is not inferior to analogues, distribution and absorption into organs has high rates, and excretion is about 8 hours.

An important feature of Ceftriaxone is penetration through the blood-brain barrier.

3rd generation cephalosporins are actively used in the chemotherapy of infectious diseases due to their high activity against gram-negative microorganisms.

Until the 80s. Penicillin remained the main drug for the treatment of syphilis, even with high rates of allergic reactions in patients. Other well-known drugs (tetracyclines, macrolides) had lower activity against this disease and were considered less effective.

Ceftriaxone has become a new antibiotic that is almost as effective as penicillin and has better pharmacokinetic properties.

Ceftriaxone is able to inhibit and even completely suppress the vital activity of infectious gram-positive (staphylococci, streptococci, gas gangrene, tetanus infection, anthrax) and gram-negative (moraxella catarrhalis, legionella, klebsiella, meningococcus, pneumococcus, salmonella, helicobacter pylori, escherichia coli) bacteria.

The key point in the harmful effects of harmful bacteria on the body is their ability to penetrate through the tissues into the cerebrospinal fluid. The drug Ceftriaxone has the same property. Practical experience with ceftriaxone against syphilis continues to be investigated, and the drug was started as an alternative treatment for intolerance to penicillin.

Today, Ceftriaxone is used on a par with Penicillin and, in a number of ways, is more applicable to infectious prophylaxis. Included in the international practice for the treatment of syphilis, neurosyphilis, HIV-infected.

Ceftriaxone for prostatitis

Prostatitis, due to its ability to progress rapidly, requires rapid treatment. Otherwise, it will bring complications after fixing the chronic form. Treatment includes antibiotic therapy with broad spectrum antibiotics.

The most used for the treatment of prostatitis:

Amoxiclav has an antibacterial effect due to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid present in the preparation. Effective. General improvement is observed after 2-3 days of application. Not expensive. Form - suspension, tablets, injections. The latter are prescribed in cases of chronic prostatitis. Do not prescribe if the patient had hepatitis.

Ofloxacin is used for chronic prostatitis, cystitis, pyelonephritis by tablets or injections. It has anti-adaptive properties. Affects the DNA of the infection. Ofloxanine is prohibited for use by patients who have had a stroke, traumatic brain injury or when diagnosing any circulatory disorders of the brain. We combine with other medicines.

Ciprofloxacin is also used to treat chronic prostatitis. Release form - tablets to be taken with water. The advantage of the drug is the ability to destroy not only the active infection, but also the incubation bacteria. It is not used for diseases of the rectum. Positive changes are observed 2 days after the start of application.

Ceftriaxone is the most effective cephalosporin for acute, chronic and purulent prostatitis. Begins action immediately after injection. Facilitates urination after 12 hours. Not recommended for use in diseases of the liver and kidneys.

Ceftriaxone: analogues in injections

You can replace ceftriaxone with more expensive analogues - Swiss Rocefin or Serbian Azaran. Their use is similar to the antibiotic in question and has similar contraindications. Reach maximum concentration after 3-5 hours of absorption.

The solution for injection is prepared in the same way: the powder is diluted with liquid or lidocaine. The color of Azaran powder is pale yellow, Rocefin is pale. Pale or yellowish color has ceftriaxone. The price of injections with ceftriaxone is about 30 rubles per ampoule, with Azaran - about 1520 rubles per ampoule, with Rocephin - about 520 rubles.

The considered drugs are completely absorbed into the bloodstream. Easily absorbed into body tissues (bones, joints, spinal cord, respiratory tract, ureter, skin, abdominal cavity).

There are other analogues:

Oframax;
Betasporin;
Biotraxone;
Cefson;
Lifaxon;
Chizon;
Cefathrin;
Cefaxone;
Ceftriaxone-AKOS;
Ceftriaxone-Vial;
Ceftriaxone-KMP;

Cefaxone

Features of taking the drug for pregnant and lactating

The drug is contraindicated in pregnant women (its use in the first trimester is critical). The use of cephalosporins during lactation is not recommended, and if prescribed, breastfeeding is stopped.

Ceftriaxone - can I drink instead of an injection?

Ceftriaxone in undiluted form is a powder, it cannot be used orally: it will not have the desired effect, but side effects may increase.

Ceftriaxone injections: reviews

Ceftriaxone has proven to be an effective antibiotic against most known bacteria. It helps in the treatment of many infectious diseases of the abdominal cavity, with pneumonia and respiratory diseases, as well as in the fight against sexually transmitted diseases.

Patients complain of discomfort (pain) after Ceftriaxone - the injection site hurts. Lidocaine partially solves the problem. The instructions do not recommend the use of people sensitive to penicillin.

conclusions

Clinical practice today is unthinkable without Ceftriaxone, which appeared in the Swiss pharmaceutical company Hoffmann La Roche in 1978. It was the first synthetic 3rd generation cephalosporin, and two years later the drug received the trade name Rocephin. Its possibilities are still being explored. In 1987, Rocephin became the top-selling drug produced by Hoffman La Roche.

Ceftriaxone is listed by WHO, which means the undeniable importance of the drug for humanity.