Photo of sanious discharge. Why bloody discharge may appear Watery bloody discharge

The ichor is a clear liquid secreted from wounds. After a certain period, this liquid becomes a film covering the wound to protect it from infection. Why does ichoria occur after menstruation, its causes, pathology or a completely natural phenomenon?

Without exception, all women know that vaginal discharge is a completely natural process. By quality, color, intensity, conclusions can be drawn regarding the health of the reproductive system. Under normal conditions, there is little discharge, they have a whitish color, the consistency of mucus and do not smell like anything. As soon as there are any violations in the state of health, this is immediately reflected in the quality of the secret. The color changes, a specific smell appears.

The ichor in the discharge before or after menstruation mainly occurs with an inflammatory focus. The secreted ichor is bloody impurities in the vaginal secretion. They appear as pinkish or brown marks on the linen.

It's not worth worrying

If the secretion of the ichor begins immediately before menstruation, then this can be considered normal. If brownish marks appeared a few days before the cycle and ended a couple of days after its completion. This is a kind of warning of the body that menstruation will soon begin.

The sacrosanct secret is considered quite normal:

• after the birth of a child (about four weeks);
• miscarriage, planned abortion (up to three weeks);
• when using oral pills to prevent conception (until the body gets used to it).



Sometimes the ichor appears in the middle of the cycle, during the period of ovulation, and this is also not considered a deviation. A pinkish discharge indicates that the egg is fully mature and ready for fertilization. Such a phenomenon should not be accompanied by unpleasant sensations or discomfort.

Reasons for concern

If the secretion of the ichor continues for more than seven days, is characterized by profusion, is complemented by severe pain in the lower abdomen, back, then it is almost certainly considered a sign of an infectious, inflammatory disease or transmitted at the time of sexual contact. It can be endometritis, hyperplasia, endometriosis, adnexitis, neoplasms and any other pathological conditions.

Anything that lengthens the menstrual cycle is caused by hormonal imbalances. And, therefore, therapy necessarily includes hormonal drugs. Sometimes the secretion of the ichor means that conception has occurred. This occurs as a consequence of the attachment of the egg to the wall of the uterus. And if the ichor before menstruation can be a normal phenomenon, then at the end of them, it is almost certain that it indicates the development of the disease.

endometritis

Pathological condition - endometritis, accompanied by watery discharge with bloody impurities with a specific odor. Such a secret, when it hits the gasket, is similar to streaks of dirt.

endometriosis

Spotting discharge with impurities of blood. odorless, may be a sign of endometriosis, hyperplasia, a polyp in the uterus. Thickening of the mucosal tissue is a rather serious violation that affects the functions of the reproductive system, requiring mandatory treatment.

The nature of the discharge

If the ichor is supplemented by severe bleeding, then this is a good reason to immediately consult a doctor. Intensive separation of the ichor, not associated with menstruation, indicates a pathological process. It is also worth noting infectious diseases. Any inflammation provokes an increased formation of leukocytes. They die in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms and are excreted from the body.

If the ichor appears as a result of inflammation, then dead leukocytes will be contained in the secret. Most of the discharge is yellowish or greenish in color.

In addition, greenish discharge may appear during childbearing. They are also provoked by the presence of an infection, but in this case it has a chronic form. Pregnancy significantly weakens the defenses and chronic diseases begin to express themselves with various symptoms.

The secret secreted from the vagina after the birth of the baby is called lochia. Such secretions contain postpartum mucus, blood, and therefore take on a pinkish color. The duration of lochia discharge should not exceed eight weeks, but most often they last up to six weeks. Over time, they become colorless and odorless.



After an involuntary or planned miscarriage, the same discharge appears as after childbirth. They also contain endometrial tissue, but at the same time, the ichor is separated in larger quantities. The duration of secretion is also important. It should not exceed ten days. If bloody mucus with other impurities is released more than this period, then most likely there is a focus of inflammation in the reproductive system, organs, requiring immediate treatment.

menopause period

If the ichorus occurs in the month when the menopause began, then it can be considered a cause for alarm. In a normal state of health, such secretions should not be. However, many women experience these symptoms during menopause.

This period is most conducive to the occurrence of disorders in the reproductive system. For this reason, it is extremely important to control the condition of the uterus, vagina, since many serious diseases do not show symptoms in the early stages.

For example, endometrial polyps, uterine fibroids, malignant tumors. With menopause, only transparent discharge and in small quantities are considered normal. This period is more characterized by a feeling of dryness, burning, mucus is produced in a very small amount.

For this reason, excessive secretion of a yellow, pinkish or whitish color is considered a cause for concern and a visit to a doctor. Be sure to undergo an examination, especially if the mucus contains a lot of blood, clots.

Consequences of hormone therapy

Basically, treatment with hormonal drugs has a beneficial effect on the condition of the endometrium and the reproductive system as a whole. But in the event that the therapy lasts for a rather long period, significant changes occur in the genitals, as a result of which microcracks and the smallest bleeding are formed.

This also provokes the release of ichorus, the appearance of which must be notified to the doctor so that he can correct the treatment regimen or the dosage of the medications taken.

In small quantities, hormones have a positive effect on the female reproductive system. After the restoration of the mucosa, the discharge becomes transparent, without blood clots. If the organs are completely healthy, then the secret contains practically no white matter. It remains only to maintain the condition of the mucosa, to control that the color of the secretions and their intensity remain unchanged.

In folk medicine, there are options to help stabilize the condition. To do this, there are funds that contain plants containing phytohormones. But it is worth paying attention to the possible side effects of such treatment. In addition, the effect of traditional medicines retains only as long as they are taken.

On the completion of a course of treatment, which cannot last more than two months, an ichor may appear again before menstruation. You can’t do without a medical examination in such a situation, since the discharge can be caused by serious sexually transmitted diseases, infectious or inflammatory.



If the sanious discharge is not determined by the monthly cycle, then the pathology is almost certainly present and it should be established for the appointment of competent treatment.

Even if it is reliably known for what reason the ichoria arose, if the condition worsens, you should also go to the hospital. It is possible at the same time to have a history of a whole range of painful conditions - fibromyoma, adnexitis and some kind of sexually transmitted disease.

Conclusion

The causes of bloody discharge can be different. Therefore, if an ichor appears after menstruation, then in any case it is imperative to conduct a full medical examination and find out what caused such discharge. Self-medication in such a situation is categorically unacceptable, as it can harm and aggravate the disease, cause the disease to become chronic.

If you determine the disease at an early stage of its development, then the chances of doing without surgery and avoiding complications are very high. Before consulting a doctor, it makes sense to check the possibility of conception (perform two or three tests) in order to exclude such options as an ectopic pregnancy or the threat of miscarriage, when delay can be fraught with the death of the fetus or woman.

Blood discharge during pregnancy

Various kinds of vaginal discharge accompany every woman throughout her life. However, with the onset of pregnancy, their nature changes somewhat. Normal discharge during pregnancy should be whitish and thick in the first trimester (due to increased activity of the hormone progesterone), and clear liquid in the second (when the hormone estrogen comes to the fore). Probably, all women know that the bleeding that has begun during pregnancy does not bode well and obliges you to immediately call an ambulance. But what to do and what to think when you find yourself with sanious discharge during pregnancy?

Normal bleeding during pregnancy

Bloody discharge during pregnancy can actually be a variant of the norm - this is good news. However, in practice this does not happen so often - and this is bad news. In most cases, brownish discharge portends a threat of pregnancy.

However, they are not always cause for concern. Most often, "normal" sanious discharge is observed in the earliest stages of pregnancy, when a woman may still not know her position. On the 7-14th day after conception, the egg reaches the uterus and lands. To attach to the uterine epithelium, she, as it were, “scrapes out” the cells, making herself a “mink”. This process may be accompanied by scanty brownish or bloody discharge, which a woman often perceives as premature menstruation.

Implantation of the egg lasts several days, and its activity during this period is not the same. So it is quite normal when at this time you notice that a small discharge of blood is repeated the next day or every other day.



Throughout the first trimester, bloody discharge can normally appear on the days when you had your period before pregnancy. However, not all experts agree with this. Recently, more and more gynecologists are inclined to believe that the 4-5th, 8-9th and 11-12th weeks of pregnancy are critical periods. when the fetus is most at risk. And the bleeding that occurs these days can by no means be called the norm.

Blood discharge during pregnancy can also be observed at the end of the term, when the mucous plug begins to move away. At the same time, mucus is released from the vagina (in small portions or immediately a whole “piece”), which may contain bloody inclusions. The discharge of the mucous plug portends an early birth.

Pathological sanious discharge during pregnancy

But if sanious discharge during pregnancy is accompanied by any other signs or does not fit the conditions described above, then, most likely, we are talking about some kind of threat. There can be many pathological reasons for the appearance of sanious discharge during this period:

Bloody issues

Bloody discharge from the genital tract should always alert a woman, as they usually speak of trouble. Bleeding has different intensity:

• slight spotting
• spotting of blood,
• profuse discharge, up to bleeding.

The blood may be scarlet, bright, dark, clotted and clotted, brown in color.

Bleeding is normal

Bloody discharge before menstruation can be a sign of a shortening of the menstrual cycle due to various reasons. This is quite an acceptable phenomenon, as well as spotting after menstruation, of a smearing nature, especially against the background of stress or a radical change of scenery.

Ovulation discharge, which is bloody, spotting, or brownish, may also occasionally occur. If they are short-term and painless - it is not dangerous. Sometimes, in the presence of cervical erosion, there may be discharge after sex due to contact bleeding from injured vessels.



Pathological discharge

Bloody discharge in the middle of the cycle is most often a sign of pathology - the important signs will be the amount of discharge, how you feel when they appear, and the phase of the cycle.

Bloody discharge between periods can be profuse - like breakthrough bleeding, this is a reason to seek immediate help. Bleeding may be brown, very dark, like clotted blood, about 1-2 teaspoons per daily tissue. This is a reason to consult a doctor.

The discharge may be spotting, pink in color - this may be a sign of defects in the cervical region.

In addition, spotting can be a sign of:

• menstrual irregularities, hormonal imbalances,
• adenomyosis of the uterus
• ectopic pregnancy,
• - tumor process of the cervix or body of the uterus,
• uterine fibroids. polyps,
• endometrial hyperplasia,
• inflammatory processes in the endometrium.

Other causes of bleeding between periods include thyroid and adrenal problems, pituitary gland disorders, oral contraceptives, emergency contraceptives, estrogen supplements, and weight fluctuations.

Why are you interested in this disease?

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Bleeding and pregnancy

There should be no bleeding during a normal pregnancy.

Bloody discharge instead of menstruation with or without a slight delay can be a sign of pregnancy and the threat of its termination. You need to take a pregnancy test and see a doctor.

Bloody discharge during pregnancy can be of varying intensity - from minor spotting to bleeding. Pain in the lower abdomen, spotting and malaise are especially dangerous. This is a sign of an incipient miscarriage. usually in such cases, hospitalization is used, duphaston is prescribed, the discharge gradually disappears.

Bleeding during pregnancy can occur late in pregnancy - this may be a sign of threatened preterm labor or placental abruption. Immediate hospitalization is required.

In late pregnancy, spotting may occur after examination due to softening of the cervix and its slight injury.

Discharge after childbirth

After childbirth, the uterus is an extensive wound surface, and its cavity gradually shrinks, closing the bleeding vessels.

Bloody discharge after childbirth initially looks like heavy menstruation, but as the uterus recovers, it gradually becomes sanious, and then mucous. By about the end of 2-3 weeks, the discharge should become yellowish and not abundant.

After intrauterine interventions

Women often end their pregnancy by having an abortion. or curettage of the uterine cavity is performed for diagnostic purposes.

Restoration of the uterine mucosa after such an intervention takes several days, therefore, bleeding may occur, resembling menstruation. Gradually, after 2-4 days, they should become bloody and pass completely.

Discharge after taking drugs

There is a group of drugs, usually of hormonal origin, that can cause spotting.

Most often, spotting or minor bleeding occurs in the first couple of cycles of taking oral contraceptives, such as janine, yarina, regulon: spotting is scanty, short-lived.

Often, bloody discharge can cause emergency contraception, the drug Postinor, due to the loading dose of hormones, causes the appearance of bloody discharge by the type of menstruation. Unfortunately, the drug is not safe for health, it causes a very strong hormonal shift.

The appearance of any bloody discharge from the genital tract that is not associated with physiological menstruation is a reason to consult a doctor and conduct examinations and treatment.

Sanitary secretions

Causes

There are many reasons for the appearance of sanious discharge during pregnancy:

1. Lack of progesterone - this type of discharge in the first trimester can indicate a lack of progesterone in the female body, and this is a real threat of miscarriage. In such cases, experts recommend taking medications that include progesterone. Having eliminated the lack of a hormone, a woman will immediately notice an improvement in her condition.

Another reason for such discharge may be the developing erosion of the cervix. This is a pathology of the female genital organs, which can be treated only after the birth has taken place.

Norms

Bloody discharge in the first weeks of pregnancy can be a phenomenon within the normal range. This is explained by the fact that the egg, trying to cling to the epithelium of the uterus, displaces other cells, which ultimately provokes the appearance of secretions with a certain amount of blood.

Doctors have different attitudes to this phenomenon. Some are sure that this is a normal phenomenon for the female body and it does not carry anything terrible with it. Others think it's dangerous. Therefore, in the event of their appearance, no matter what period of pregnancy you are, the first thing to do is to consult a doctor who will recommend that you do an ultrasound, with the help of it is quite easy to find out the condition.

There are times when a pregnant woman should not make an appointment with a gynecologist herself or wait for his next visit, because her condition requires immediate hospitalization. You need to call an ambulance if you:

Before the arrival of the ambulance team, it is necessary to take a lying position, raising your legs. You can take a sedative or drink tea with lemon balm.

Discharge after ovulation at conception

A woman is able to indicate the exit of the germ cell from the ovary, listening to her feelings (pain in the lower abdomen, soreness and sensitivity of the chest), as well as observing vaginal discharge. In our article, we will consider how the nature of mucus changes due to the concentration of hormones during the maturation of the egg, when it is released, and what kind of discharge after ovulation, if conception occurs, can be observed.

Discharge before ovulation

The cervix of a woman with a normal hormonal background produces a specific fluid - cervical mucus, which constantly changes its structure during the cycle.

"Dry" period

Immediately after menstruation, there is practically no mucus, since the content of estrogen in the blood at this time is low, and we know that secretion is produced precisely under its influence. The mucus is very thick and closes the neck with a kind of cork, preventing sperm and various microbes from entering the uterus.

At the beginning of the cycle, the secretions are very thick, they form a kind of plug in the neck

This moment is called dry. This time is the most unfavorable for the existence of male cells and conception is now almost impossible.

Over time, estrogen levels slowly increase. The secretions gradually become sticky, sticky, but still not suitable for the normal life of male cells. Soon they become creamy, creamy, like jelly.

Towards the middle of the cycle, the discharge becomes creamy

Such an environment with a small probability will already be able to preserve the male cells present, but conception in it is still problematic. The mucus is currently present in small doses, but continues to gradually thin out under the influence of rising levels of estrogen. Its level increases with the formation and growth of the follicle.

The normal nature of the discharge

Allocations are considered normal if they meet the following characteristics:

Discharge during ovulation

Before ovulation, when there is the highest presence of estrogen in the blood, cervical mucus becomes even more liquid and transparent, and its amount increases significantly.

On the eve of the release of the egg, before the rupture of the follicle and during ovulation, cervical mucus becomes abundant, slightly whitish, viscous, without any noticeable odor, reminiscent of egg white in composition. The structure of the liquid creates the most favorable environment for the movement of spermatozoa into the fallopian tubes towards the female cell and contributes to their vital activity. Now it is in such a unique state when a drop of substance can be pulled out a few centimeters. This feature is used to confirm ovulation and quite often helps women in verifying the validity of other methods.

A mature egg breaks through the ovary, inflicting a small wound on it.

Breaking through the membrane of the ovary, the egg inflicts a small wound on it, which may be accompanied by the appearance of slight brownish smears in the cervical fluid, which once again confirm the accomplished fact of ovulation. If they disappear after a day, the process is considered normal.

Mucus at conception - features

After the cell has gone into the fallopian tube, a corpus luteum grows on the wound, which begins the production of progesterone. Its level increases, and estrogen decreases accordingly. Therefore, the liquid thickens again. She has done her job, preserved and directed the male cells and must again block the way to the uterus for microbes so that the fetal egg can develop without problems.

The secretions acquire a creamy, jelly-like structure, become scarce and remain in this state for the entire second half of the cycle. Only on the eve of menstruation are characterized by wateriness.

With a successful meeting of the female and male cells, which is crowned with fertilization, the fetal egg begins its journey to the uterus. The time from ovulation to the beginning of the attachment of the fetus to the endometrium takes 7-10 days.

If conception has occurred, the discharge after ovulation will remain scarce

The discharge after ovulation, if conception has occurred, remains jelly-like and meager (when the embryo is attached, the amount may increase), as progesterone continues to gain strength due to the productive work of the corpus luteum.

Drop of blood in discharge after ovulation

Some women, a week after the release of the cell, observe a few drops of blood in their cervical mucus or its presence in the form of an insignificant smear of a reddish or brownish color, which frightens and worries them.

Brown discharge after ovulation may indicate conception

This phenomenon is explained simply and should not cause panic if it lasts no more than two days.

It takes 7 days for the embryo to be introduced into the endometrial layer. At the moment of attachment, there is a violation of the walls of small vessels of the mucous layer of the uterus, which is accompanied by the release of a drop of blood, which the woman sees.

Since each organism is individual, not everyone can observe such a process, some ladies do not even notice it. In a word, when everything ends in a day or two, this is a physiological feature that does not cause alarm. If there is a large amount of blood or smears are observed for a long time, it is necessary to visit a specialist and clarify the cause of the problem.

Other signs of conception

To confirm the fact of attachment of the fetal egg, along with the presence of a drop of blood in the cervical mucus, a graph of basal temperature will help. It will show a slight decrease in the temperature indicator by 1-2 tenths of a degree for about one day, then it rises to its original value and the curve flattens out again.

At conception, the basal temperature chart shows a consistently elevated temperature after ovulation

Pregnancy is confirmed not only by spotting, but also by some other signs:

From our article it follows that observing the discharge will help a woman calculate the day of ovulation. According to the state of mucus, it is easy to find the right moment for a favorable conception - when it is similar to egg white. It is now clear what kind of discharge after ovulation, if conception occurred. The appearance of slight short-term bloody blotches in the mucus a week after the egg white confirms the implantation of the embryo and the onset of pregnancy.

If light blood appeared during menstruation, and earlier menstruation was of a different nature (color, texture, smell), you should immediately visit a gynecologist. Often, such discharge is a sign of a serious illness. You may need to consult a neurologist and an endocrinologist.

In the absence of deviations, the color of the secreted liquid may be scarlet, dark red or brown in the first and last days (daub). It also has mucus patches, fragments of sloughed endometrium.

Menstruation should be without the presence of an unpleasant (fetid) smell, itching, burning, severe pain, black. This is considered the norm if menstruation began on time, not less than 21 days from the previous critical days, the blood does not clot, the total volume of discharge does not exceed 80-100 ml on average for the entire period, and their duration is from 3 to 7 days.

• criminal abortion;
• miscarriage;
• bacterial infections that are obtained sexually (STDs);
• damage to the mucous membranes or endometrium with a medical instrument;
• incorrectly selected hormonal preparations, including contraceptives;
• low hemoglobin level.

With the help of a gynecologist, laboratory and hardware diagnostics, it is easier to identify the causes that provoked bleeding or eliminate factors that contribute to its recurrence. For example, they select adequate hormonal contraception, prescribe vitamin therapy, remove the intrauterine device, eliminate the consequences of an abortion, and use other methods of treatment.

Bacterial vaginosis

The vaginal microflora of women contains lactobacilli, which maintain the optimal acidity of the genital tract and suppress pathogenic infections of streptococcus, E. coli, staphylococcus and other agents. If their natural level is violated, a woman may develop gardnerellosis (synonyms: vaginal dysbacteriosis, bacterial vaginosis).

Usually, the number of lactobacilli changes due to excessive douching, the use of poor-quality products for intimate hygiene, after intercourse (unprotected sex) or medication (side effect of drugs). Pathology does not apply to venereology.

Symptoms of the disease: discharge stinks of rotten fish (the aroma intensifies after sex), clear blood, a lot of mucus, itching. For diagnostics, smears are additionally taken, from which pathogenic microflora will be sown.

When vaginosis is confirmed, therapy is prescribed with the use of antibacterial drugs and other drugs appropriate for the treatment of a particular stage of the disease. It is imperative to eliminate gardnerellosis in order to avoid inflammatory processes.

When it can be pink, bright red or like slightly colored water (ichor). If test confirmation of pregnancy (standard or hCG) has already been received, then such menstruation is a sign of spontaneous abortion. This situation requires medical supervision with possible hormonal adjustment to preserve the fetus.

However, it is not uncommon for the menstrual cycle to operate according to the schedule during the first trimester and a light ichor without clots appears instead of menstruation. It is desirable to consult a doctor.

Conclusion

A woman is recommended to regularly undergo general scheduled medical examinations in order to protect herself from the complications of various diseases. After all, light menstrual blood occurs when the thyroid gland malfunctions (hormonal failures), due to overwork, chronic fatigue, poor nutrition (hard diets), diseases of the nervous system, and for many other reasons.

Pink discharge instead of menstruation is a rather alarming signal, which may indicate the presence of certain pathological changes in the genitourinary system of a woman. Also, sometimes it is considered normal and does not require medical intervention. In any case, if there is any uncharacteristic discharge in each of the phases of the menstrual cycle, you should consult a doctor. Timely detection of negative changes in the genitourinary system will allow them to be quickly eliminated without the appearance of dangerous complications.

During menstruation, discharge is observed, which is the contents of the inner layer of the uterus (endometrium). Every menstrual cycle begins with this process. At the end of it, the endometrium becomes completely renewed. In any case, menstruation is accompanied by rupture of small vessels, which are very numerous in this layer. This is necessary to nourish the fetus, which is fixed in the uterus after conception. Therefore, during menstruation, spotting is observed, which can have a color from rich red to slightly brownish.

The composition of menstrual flow also includes mucus and other inclusions that come from the cervix or vagina. Therefore, scarlet blood during menstruation is an alarm signal. Most often, it indicates the onset of bleeding. Too light or pink periods are also a pathology. They indicate that the secretions contain too much mucus and other inclusions. This may be a symptom of certain gynecological conditions that require appropriate treatment.

You also need to remember that the nature of the blood during menstruation gradually changes. On the first day or a few days before menstruation, it can be pinkish or, conversely, brownish (reminiscent of a daub). If such discharge develops into a full-fledged period, there is no reason for concern. The same symptoms can be observed at the end of menstruation, which is also the norm.

Menstrual irregularities

Every month a woman observes the appearance of menstruation. But sometimes this process proceeds with certain violations.

These include:

• amenorrhea. Complete absence of menstruation for 3 months or more. This is observed in the presence of certain gynecological pathologies, when exposed to adverse external factors (stress, excessive weight loss, and others);
• hypermenorrhea. It is characterized by excessively heavy periods, while the duration of menstruation remains within the normal range (about 3-7 days);

• menorrhagia. Differs in prolonged menstruation, which can be observed for 12 days with a significant amount of blood released;
• hypomenorrhea. It differs during menstruation, but they come exactly on time;
• polymenorrhea. With this violation, the duration of menstruation is more than 7 days (with a moderate amount of blood);
• oligomenorrhea. It is characterized by short menstruation (no more than 1-2 days), which are accompanied by a moderate amount of blood released;

• opsomenorrhea. It is characterized by long breaks between menstruation, which can reach 3 months. At the same time, menstruation itself is observed for 3-5 days in a moderate amount;
• proyomenorrhea. It has a short menstrual cycle (less than 21 days);
• anovulatory metrorrhagia. This is uterine bleeding, which occurs in the middle of the cycle, but there is no ovulation. Also, metrorrhagia can be dysfunctional or occur at any time;

• algomenorrhea. Characterized by painful periods. The level of discomfort can be so strong that a woman completely loses her ability to work for several days;
• dysmenorrhea. This disorder is also characterized by painful periods, but vegetative-neurotic symptoms are observed. These include heart palpitations, mood swings, nausea, dizziness, and others.

What disorders are accompanied by pink discharge?

• after childbirth - up to 4 weeks;
• after a miscarriage or a planned abortion - up to 3 weeks;
• when taking hormonal contraception, while the body is at the stage of "addiction" - 1-3 months.

In some women, sanious discharge appears in the middle of the cycle. The secret of a pinkish color signals that ovulation has occurred, the egg has left the follicle, and the body is ready for conception.

Such a manifestation does not create discomfort for a woman. The appearance of a bloody "daub" is not accompanied by pulling pains in the lower abdomen.

Bloody secret - pathology

The causes of prolonged bleeding after menstruation - if they last more than a week - are diseases of the reproductive system.

These diseases include: adnexitis, endometriosis, endometritis, endometrial hyperplasia, the occurrence of fibroids and fibromyomas of the uterus, malignant tumors.

All factors provoking the lengthening of menstruation are caused by hormonal imbalance, respectively, for treatment it is necessary to prescribe hormonal drugs.

• the duration of menstruation is 3-7 days;
• for all days, normally no more than 30-70 ml of discharge;
• clots no more than 2.5 cm;
• the duration of the cycle is normally from 21 to 35 days;
• lack of smell and itching;
• painlessness and absence of elevated body temperature.

Regular painless periods should occur naturally. If the process is painful, the departments do not correspond to the norm or a different color, you should contact a specialist to identify the cause.

The color of the blood of menstruation is an indicator of the health of the female organs, it varies and each organism has its own shade. Most are red or dark red or burgundy. The color of the blood is largely dependent on the iron content. Inclusions in the form of small clots are dead pieces of the mucous membrane. In the last days of menstruation, the clots are darker and thicker.

There is no medical term for light periods, since menstruation is the separation of the cells of the upper layer of the endometrium with a large number of red blood cells, and these are red blood cells and the norm is scarlet.

Normal light periods

In the middle of the menstrual cycle, there may be leucorrhoea, the reason for this is ovulation. There may also be white, thick discharge at the end of the cycle. White secret also happens during intercourse. If sex was without a condom - the appearance of white branches the next day is also the norm.

Light periods indicating pathology

Extraneous discharge or a different color and structure indicate diseases of the reproductive system:

When contacting a gynecologist for help, first of all, you need to pass a blood test and a smear. A smear will tell about the microflora inside the vagina, and a blood test will show the presence or absence of inflammatory processes. Analysis of light monthly discharge can also be useful.

Light periods are rare, but mostly women perceive various discharges as menstrual blood. At the first appearance of these, you should consult a doctor to identify the cause and receive immediate treatment.

Pink discharge instead of menstruation is a fairly common situation, and there are many reasons for its occurrence. Some of them are quite serious pathologies, the other is just a small failure in the menstrual cycle. In any case, if a woman has pink discharge, it is necessary to seek the advice of a gynecologist.

1 Menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle is a regular phenomenon that has its own frequency of occurrence and is accompanied by a certain amount of blood. For every woman, during the first years after puberty and the appearance of the first menstruation, this cycle becomes regular. It repeats every 21-28 days. Any deviation in this order means that a failure has occurred in the female reproductive system. After all, the regularity and amount of blood remain unchanged, even if menstruation is not accompanied by ovulation - the release of an egg.

2 Issues of etiology

Pink discharge instead of menstruation appears for a number of reasons:

1. Pregnancy. Since bleeding and shedding of epithelial cells is a sign that the so-called place for a fertilized cell is coming out, then pregnancy involves just a pink discharge. After all, both the place and the fertilized cell remained in the uterus. If, after conception, transparent or pink discharge becomes stronger, you should immediately consult a doctor, as this is a signal that pathology develops in the process of bearing a child. During pregnancy, due to the fact that the uterus is supplied with a large amount of blood, slight bleeding is possible, manifested by pink discharge. This can be caused by the penetration of foreign objects into the vagina: a probe for ultrasound examination of the uterus, a speculum or other instrument, or even the penis. These objects disrupt the structure of the mucous membrane and cause it to bleed, hence the pink discharge. Sometimes during the first months of pregnancy, a woman continues to have regular monthly cycles, but they are accompanied by scanty pink discharge. This suggests that the woman's body has not yet completely rebuilt at the hormonal level and it acts by inertia. As a rule, this disappears 2-3 months after conception, however, if pink periods last longer, you should consult a doctor. If a woman is not sure that conception has occurred, and at the same time pink discharge occurs, you can do an express pregnancy test on your own or, for 100% diagnostic accuracy, contact a medical clinic for analysis.
2. Contraception. Not all women are equally suitable for contraception. For example, when installing a spiral, the female body gets used to it for at least 3 months, and not everyone can use it without side effects, which include pink discharge. Other means have the same side effects - vaginal rings, the use of condoms with protruding elements, birth control pills. If this happens, you should contact a gynecologist who can choose an adequate method of contraception in each individual case.
3. Disruption of the thyroid gland. With a hormonal imbalance that has arisen due to a malfunction of the thyroid gland or adrenal glands, the effect of pink menstruation appears. Sometimes pink discharge appears 1 or 2 weeks after the last menstrual cycle. Such failures are typical for middle-aged women 45-50 years old, or patients who have undergone surgery to remove the ovaries or uterus. To diagnose the disease, it is necessary to undergo an examination by an endocrinologist. In addition to blood tests for the presence of the necessary hormones in the body, an ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and kidneys is also performed.
4. Wrong diet. Violation of the course of the menstrual cycle and its periodicity can cause malnutrition. As a rule, it is caused by a fad for fashionable diets that deplete a woman's body. Nutrition should be balanced and regular, and starvation or a mono-diet (eating only 1 product, for example, buckwheat) can ruin not only the reproductive system, but in general the health of a woman.
5. Stress or nervous tension. The state of the nervous system of a woman affects the regularity and abundance of secretions. If a woman has experienced severe stress or shock within a month, then it may result in pink discharge or other manifestations of a malfunction in the menstrual cycle. In this case, a psychotherapist or psychologist will help the woman, as well as a course of medical therapy, designed to put the nervous system in order.

We note right away that various kinds of discharge directly from the vagina accompany literally every woman throughout her life. However, with the onset of pregnancy, the very nature of such secretions changes somewhat. So, normally, these should not be too aggressive, whitish and rather thick in the first trimester (which is primarily due to the increased activity of the special pregnancy hormone progesterone). A little later, such secretions should become more transparent and more liquid - this is in the second trimester of pregnancy (when such a hormone as estrogen already comes to the fore). Surely, all women know for sure that the plentiful that has begun literally does not promise anything good and obliges the woman herself to immediately call for emergency help. But here's what to do and what to think when, let's say, you find yourself in a barely noticeable sanious discharge during pregnancy? Let's figure it out!

What bloody discharge during pregnancy is considered normal

So, indeed, bloody discharge during pregnancy may well be a variant of the absolute norm - this is certainly good news for you. However, in practice, such a variant of the norm occurs, unfortunately not so often - and this is, accordingly, bad news. In most cases, any brownish discharge from the vagina portends a threat to your pregnancy.

And yet, such discharge is not always a real cause for concern or excitement. Most often, absolutely “normal” sanious discharge can be observed in the very early stages after the onset of pregnancy, when the woman herself may not even know about her new position. Indeed, immediately on the 7-14th day after the conception occurs, the egg will be able to reach the uterus and make the so-called landing there. And in order to firmly attach to the uterine epithelium, the egg, as it were, “scrapes out” some cells, making a kind of “mink” for itself. Actually, it is this process that can be accompanied by rather meager brownish or even sanious secretions, which the woman herself can often perceive as premature menstruation.

The implantation of the egg lasts literally several days, and, accordingly, its activity throughout this difficult period is extremely uneven. So we can say that it is quite normal when exactly at this time you will notice that a very small discharge of blood will be repeated the next day and the same way every other day.

It should be noted that in general, throughout the entire period, sanious discharge can appear on those days when, even before pregnancy, you should have menstruation and believe me, doctors consider this to be the absolute norm. However, not all experts fully agree with this statement. So recently, an increasing number of gynecologists are ready to lean towards the fact that it is the fourth or fifth, as well as the eighth or ninth and, accordingly, the eleventh or twelfth weeks of pregnancy that can be critical periods, in fact, when the fetus will be exposed to the greatest real danger. And, of course, the slightest bleeding that occurs on these days, of course, cannot be called the norm in any way.

In addition, sanious discharge that occurs during pregnancy can also be observed immediately at the end of the term, when the so-called mucous plug is already beginning to leave. And of course, at the same time, some will be forced to stand out from the vagina (sometimes in small portions, and sometimes at once a whole rather large “piece”), which, among other things, may contain some bloody inclusions. How do you understand the discharge of such a mucous plug, and it will portend you the imminent onset of childbirth.

What does pathological sanious discharge that occurs during pregnancy look like?

So, if any sanious discharge that occurs during pregnancy is accompanied by any other dangerous signs, or simply does not quite fit the conditions described above, then, most likely, we will talk about some real threat. There may well be a whole lot of pathological reasons for the appearance of such sanious discharge from the vagina during this period.

Namely:

• The emergence of a threat of termination of pregnancy. As a rule, when the threat of pregnancy begins, the embryo is completely rejected from the uterus, which, of course, will be accompanied by the release of some, not always a large amount of blood. And if this process is not too pronounced, then these discharges will be brown or bloody. And it is quite natural that in 95% of all cases, your timely application for emergency qualified help can allow you to save this pregnancy. Moreover, you yourself will be able to refuse urgent hospitalization, only at home you will definitely have to follow some rather strict rules. First, you will have to completely eliminate any hard physical labor. Secondly, you will have to refrain from sex at least for a while. Thirdly, you should not allow the slightest thermal effect directly on the pelvic or abdominal area. And, last, of course, you will need to follow all the instructions of your doctor as carefully as possible.
• It is possible that this will be a frozen pregnancy. So, for example, if the embryo for some reason froze at the earliest stage of pregnancy, then most often a spontaneous miscarriage occurs. But sometimes this situation may require outside intervention. Only can confirm the fading of the fetus. However, in any case, do not rush to act too quickly. In medicine, cases have been known when some too old equipment or just stupid uzists became the cause of the killing of quite normal live embryos. Actually, that is why we recommend that you double-check or even thrice the diagnosis made, and on two or even three different devices, respectively, with different doctors.
• Banal ectopic pregnancy. I must say that one of the most may well be just the same, some sanious discharge. Moreover, with any of these suspicions, it is necessary to simply immediately make an ultrasound diagnosis. And in the event that such a diagnosis is nevertheless confirmed, then such a pregnancy will have to be urgently terminated, since not a single embryo can grow and develop properly outside the uterus. Moreover, in most all cases, such an interruption will be the better, the earlier it is done. Remember this is really an extremely dangerous condition for the woman herself.
• . This is what doctors call the too low location of the placenta itself. And accordingly, due to some friction of the placenta on the surface of the cervix, such meager sanious discharge may well be observed, and believe me, this is not so scary.
• Complete detachment of the placenta. Most often, this condition occurs in the very late stages of pregnancy, and this condition occurs for a number of good reasons. Suppose, with some tear in the places of attachment of the placenta, blood can begin to be released, and with an unexpressed process, only ichor can be released. This condition is extremely dangerous, especially for the embryo and pregnancy, and requires urgent hospitalization.
• Premature birth. At the very late stages of pregnancy, the threat of miscarriage is usually called by physicians premature birth, and as you understand, they can also be accompanied by meager, and sometimes not quite meager, sanious secretions. And in this condition, you should go to the hospital immediately. Often, this process can be somewhat suspended by doctors.
• Cervical erosion. As you have probably already heard, cervical erosion is a common occurrence in modern gynecology. However, the treatment of such a disease can be carried out only after the end of childbirth.
• Various sexual infections. Directly during pregnancy, this reason can rarely be relevant, since most often all pregnant women are carefully examined, and at the very beginning of their pregnancy and in the future, as a rule, they try not to have a promiscuous sex life. And yet, this reason also cannot be completely ruled out. Different infections can be accompanied by a variety of accompanying symptoms. So it may well be some kind of rash somewhere in the genital area or even in the anus, some irritation, a strong burning sensation or severe itching, as well as an extremely unpleasant smell of the vaginal discharge itself, sometimes even an increase in body temperature, and possibly pain lower abdomen and other symptoms.

What to do in such a case?

As you understand, only an experienced gynecologist can establish the exact cause of the appearance of such secretions during pregnancy with the highest possible reliability, and often he can do this only after his ward has undergone an appropriate ultrasound examination. And only ultrasound in some cases can help determine the place of the main attachment of the embryo, as well as the presence of a normal heartbeat, or determine the condition and location, and many other nuances.

Actually, that’s why if you, for example, notice a small sanious discharge that occurred during pregnancy, you don’t need to panic, but you definitely shouldn’t delay a visit to the doctor either. After all, this is exactly the case when it would be better to overdo it - and go to the doctor in advance.

When do you need to urgently call an ambulance?

As you may have already guessed, in a number of specific cases it will be necessary to act simply without delay. Namely, an ambulance needs to be called:

• if some blood discharge during pregnancy will be accompanied by a strong and rather sharp increase in body temperature.
• Secondly, if after a rather meager bloody discharge, heavy bleeding began.
• And, thirdly, if, in addition to such sanious secretions, you will experience severe pain, which, in addition, gives a little to the rectal area.

So, in any of the situations described above, in the most urgent way, call an ambulance to your house, but while you are waiting for the car, just lie down on the most even surface, while slightly raising your legs. However, we still want this information to remain a kind of theoretical guide for you. Let everything go well in practice, and your pregnancy will be rosy! The easiest childbirth for you!

The characteristics of discharge can tell a lot about a woman's health. Various pathologies are determined by its change, because any violation in the body, especially in the reproductive system, first of all changes the composition and consistency of vaginal secretion. What do sanious discharge mean, in what situations are they acceptable, and when they talk about the disease, find out in this article.

Natural causes of discharge with ichor (normal)

Bloody discharge is a mucous secretion produced by the female gonads with an admixture of blood. It can be transparent with bloody streaks, pink or brown. For clarity, we have selected a few photos.

The reason for the production of such secretions can be various physiological conditions of a woman, characterized by both norm and pathology.

Do not worry when the phenomenon is due to such factors:

1. A certain phase of the menstrual cycle (before menstruation, after them, ovulation).
2. Taking hormonal medications.
3. Early pregnancy.
4. Postpartum period (up to a month).
5. Abortion, miscarriage, surgery (2-3 weeks).
6. The beginning of the climacteric stage.

In these cases, the spotting of blood does not pose a threat, if it is not supplemented by pain and discomfort and does not develop into heavy bleeding. When these symptoms are accompanied by an unpleasant odor, dark clots, fever, then everything points to a violation.

Relationship with menstruation

During the entire menstrual cycle, the hormonal background changes and the level of female hormones, in particular progesterone and estrogen, fluctuates. The composition and nature of the mucus secreted from the vagina depends on this. It is usually a clear, moderately sticky mucus. Before and after menstruation, it becomes thicker, more concentrated and may contain bloody streaks.

At the end of the critical days, the mucus clears the cervix and vagina from the remnants of blood. This is the reason for sanious discharge after menstruation.

Along with this, some of the fair sex on the eve and after menstrual blood loss pulls the lower abdomen, weakness and general malaise appear. If this lasts for several days, there is no delay and other uncomfortable sensations, then they speak of a normal process due to the individualities of the organism.

The causes of sanious secretions in the middle of the cycle are all in the same fluctuation in hormone levels, which reaches a peak at a time called ovulation. Pinkish color of thick mucus is acceptable up to 3 days in the middle of the cycle.

Bloody discharge in women as a result of taking hormonal drugs

Hormonal medications are used for different purposes: contraception, equalization of the menstrual cycle. These substances have a beneficial effect on the condition of the tissues of the uterus. But it should be remembered that they are used in courses. When the body is exposed to them for quite a long time or the dosage of the drug exceeds the norm, the changes affect the state of the mucous organs of the intimate zone. In the uterus, its neck, in the vagina, deformations, cracks can occur, which bleed slightly. Timely determination of the violation and contacting a specialist to adjust the dose or cancel hormonal drugs will help to avoid the development of complications.

A similar secretion is observed at the beginning of the use of hormonal agents. Thus, the body reacts to the external effects of the drug. After 4-5 days, this symptom usually disappears.

Pregnancy and postpartum period

During the bearing of a child, it is especially important to monitor the nature of the secret produced. Bloody in the early stages can be a natural manifestation. This is how the body reacts to a new, yet foreign body for it - the embryo. In the first days of conception, such discharge is explained by the introduction of the fetal egg into the uterine cavity. A slight daub is acceptable in the first 2 weeks, it can also bleed on the days of the expected menstruation, if the conception has taken place. But during this period, you need to be especially attentive to your health, since physical and emotional stress often ends in a miscarriage.

Moderate bleeding may indicate an ectopic and missed pregnancy, more on this in the section on pathology.

Similar discharge occurs due to childbirth. Initially, they are designated in the form of lochia - postpartum hemorrhage, with which the remnants of the child's vital activity and the amniotic space come out. At this moment, the uterus begins to contract intensively, acquiring its former shape. The first few days, blood can be profusely secreted, then up to 4 days it is indicated as an ichor and disappears. For quite a long time (up to 6–8 weeks), it also occurs as a result of a caesarean section. If the discharge does not stop after a month and periodically becomes abundant, accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, then we are talking about postpartum complications.

Abortion, miscarriage and curettage

Any medical intervention in the integrity of the tissues of the female organs is accompanied by secretions, the intensity of which depends on the type of manipulation and the rehabilitation period.

After an abortion, the secretion of the ichor replaces heavy bleeding in the first days. last 3-5 days, as a result 5-7 days go, after abortive cleansing 7-10. Average indicators are given, which vary for each patient.

When scraping for diagnostic purposes, the daub lasts 1-2 days.
In a situation where a dead pregnancy was cleaned, after 2–3 days of heavy blood loss, the daub can last up to 2 weeks. In the case when the body carried out the rejection of the fetus on its own, the described discharge can last several weeks, depending on the duration of pregnancy.

Allocations with an admixture of blood during menopause
The presence of bloody discharge from the vagina is acceptable if they are indicated before the onset of menopause. This is due to the completion of the reproductive period and hormonal changes. Menstruation gradually disappears, and scanty bloody mucus may appear instead. With the onset of menopause, this symptom indicates a pathology that often develops or worsens at this very moment.

Causes of pathological ichorus

If the above causes of such a phenomenon are excluded, then a violation or disease occurs. Often, it is this kind of discharge that is the first bell warning of a gynecological disease. Usually, inflammatory processes and a violation of tissue integrity are manifested in this way.

Hormonal disbalance

Long periods in the form of bloody daub, act as a signal of hormonal imbalance.

Ectopic pregnancy

The ichorus, which is indicated at an early stage of pregnancy, which intensifies, acquiring a scarlet, brown color, there is pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the side and back, indicates an ectopic fixation of the fetal egg. It should be removed immediately, as the pathology threatens to rupture the fallopian tube.

Spontaneous abortion

Should alert at any week of pregnancy, when they are accompanied by pulling pain. Acquiring first pink, then brown, vaginal mucus indicates a threat of miscarriage. In the last trimester, secretion with blood can mean both the likelihood of a miscarriage and premature birth.

Frozen pregnancy

It happens that the fetus dies in the womb, but is not rejected by the body. Pathology appears with leaking bloody secretions and dulled painful sensations. If the symptom is left unattended, then sepsis of nearby tissues may begin, which threatens not only the health of the woman, but also her life. In this case, the dead embryo has to be scraped out.

Bacteria and infections

Inflammatory processes are most often the cause of the described discharge. If they have developed against the background of an infection, then they may have a yellow, purulent color and an unpleasant smell of rot or rotten fish (in the case of bacterial vaginosis). White discharge with blood indicates advanced inflammation of the fallopian tubes. It is accompanied by an unpleasant odor and fever.
In some cases, sexually transmitted diseases are indicated by bloody daubs, a purulent odor and discomfort in the form of itching and burning.
To establish the exact cause of such a phenomenon as the discharge of ichor from the genital organs, you need to contact a specialist and conduct a diagnosis. In most situations, ultrasound helps to identify the pathology. Many diseases are amenable to drug treatment, general or local. If they are running or a large area of ​​genital tissue is affected, then only surgery can help.

Other reasons

A mucous secret with streaks of blood also characterizes such ailments as polyps, cervical erosion, vaginal fissures, endometriosis, endometritis, and even neoplasms, both benign and malignant. In addition to the characteristic secretion, pain and spasms are felt in the lower part of the peritoneum.