How to use sumamed for chlamydia: composition, treatment regimen and contraindications. Sumamed treatment for chlamydia Scheme of treatment with sumamed for chlamydia

Catad_tema Chlamydia - articles

Issues of gynecology, obstetrics and perinatology, 2003, vol. 2, no. 3, p. 81-84

D.D.Belotserkovtseva 1 , P.V.Budanov 2
1 Surgut State University;
2 Moscow Medical Academy. I.M. Sechenov

One of the most urgent problems of modern clinical medicine is infections with intracellular persistence of the pathogen. Despite the extensive study of chlamydial infection, the high incidence of complications, recurrence and treatment failure dictates the need to develop new approaches to the treatment of this pathology.

Representatives of the genus Chlamydia, which includes the only species pathogenic for humans - Chlamydia trachomatis, contain extrachromosomal elements similar in ultrastructure. Elementary bodies of representatives of this genus, having penetrated into a living cell, have a tendency to merge into one common inclusion, which leads to the exchange of genetic information and causes a large genetic variability of the pathogen.

Like N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis is characterized by tropism for columnar epithelium.

Elementary bodies (EB) of chlamydia are oval in shape with a size of 250-500 nm. They have infectious, antigenic properties, are able to penetrate into sensitive cells. Chlamydia's unique cycle of development occurs only within the cell's membrane-bound cytoplasmic vacuoles, where elementary bodies transform into larger reticular bodies that undergo division.

Reticular bodies (RT) have polymorphism (round, oval, crescent, coccobacillary shape), do not have a constant size and structure, and their size ranges from 300 to 1000 nm. Reticular bodies do not have infectious properties, do not have a nucleotide, and belong to the vegetative (“immature”) forms of the pathogen.

The first stage of the infectious process is the adsorption of Chlamydia ET on the cell membrane of a sensitive host cell under the action of electrostatic forces. C. trachomatis has a tropism for the defeat of the cylindrical epithelium (rarely, in special conditions - peritoneal mesothelium and stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium). Knowing the localization of the cylindrical epithelium in the organs of the genitourinary system, one can assume the most frequent topical localizations of chlamydia: cervicitis, urethritis, cystitis, endometritis, salpingitis, bartholinitis, lesions of the anorectal region.

Then there is the introduction of chlamydia into the cell by invagination of sections of the plasmalemma and the formation of phagocytic vacuoles (endocytosis). This stage lasts from 7 to 10 hours.

The transformation of virulent EBs into metabolically active vegetative intracellular forms - RT occurs within 6-8 hours. In the process of growth and division, RTs form microcolonies, which are called chlamydial inclusions - "Halberstadter-Prowachek bodies". Microcolonies can contain from 100 to 500 chlamydia.

The process of transformation of RT into ET takes 36-42 hours. At this stage, transitional (intermediate) chlamydia bodies are detected.

The life cycle of chlamydia ends with the release of ET from the endosome and the destruction of the infected cell. However, it is possible to preserve the viability of the infected cell during the release of ET by exocytosis. This is observed in the asymptomatic course of chlamydial infection. After 48-72 hours, the released EBs penetrate into new target cells.

The most important point is that during the primary invasion of the pathogen, the full cycle of development of chlamydia takes about 100 hours (4 days). However, if unfavorable biochemical conditions occur (for example, under conditions of ongoing antibiotic therapy), the duration of the life cycle of chlamydia development can significantly increase, reaching several weeks. In this case, there is a form of latent infection with periodic recurrence and chronic chlamydia.

The second important aspect of the pathogenesis of chlamydial infection is the effect of chlamydia on the processes of immunity. The leading role in protection against chlamydial infection belongs to T-helpers, which activate the phagocytic activity of macrophages. At the same time, polyclonal activation of B-lymphocytes leads to an increase in the production of immunoglobulins of classes M, A and G.

The absorption of chlamydia by peripheral blood monocytes leads to their dissemination throughout the body. Monocytes, settling in the tissues of the joints, blood vessels, heart, turn into tissue macrophages, which remain viable for several months. Local antigenic stimulation leads to the formation of fibrous granulomas in healthy tissue. The release of chlamydia leads to the formation of specific antibodies, even in the absence of chlamydial antigen in the area of ​​the entry gate of infection.

According to the clinical course, fresh urogenital chlamydia (disease duration less than 2 months) and chronic (more than 2 months) are distinguished. Fresh urogenital chlamydia is divided into acute, subacute and torpid stages.

Primary infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is almost impossible to detect. In this regard, the division of chlamydial infection into acute, chronic and torpid forms is very conditional.

The clinical manifestation of the disease, as a rule, is present in the presence of a mixed infection or against the background of a decrease in local or general reactivity of the organism. In this case, it is the associated pathogens that determine the clinical manifestations of the disease.

The formation of a clinical diagnosis can only be based on the results of a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination. It is mandatory to isolate pathogens (etiology), determine the topic of the lesion and associated complications.

Thus, the features of the infectious process, low-symptomatic clinical manifestations, the possibility of chlamydia persistence in viable cells, the difficulty of controlling the cure of the infection, dictate the need to select etiotropic treatment regimens for the disease with high microbiological efficiency, satisfactory compliance, and high bioavailability.

One of the drugs of choice for the treatment of chlamydial urogenital infection in women is azithromycin (Sumamed). At the same time, defects in the immune response that occur against the background of chlamydia require a combination of an antibiotic with immunocorrective drugs.

Currently available immunocorrectors do not have a specific effect on the activation of local immunity. Their unreasonable use (lack of clinical signs of immunodeficiency, persistence of infection) can provoke a hyperimmune reaction, which will lead to a deepening of existing disorders, since the vascular bed and tissues of the reproductive organs are hypersensitive to immune complexes, inflammation products.

Excessive stimulation of T-lymphocytes provokes autoimmune processes. Hyperactivation of B-lymphocytes stimulates increased production of immunoglobulins, an increase in the concentration of antigen-antibody complexes, which leads to blocking of phagocytes and damage to microcapillaries. Excessive stimulation of macrophages and neutrophils can be realized in an increase in the release of interleukins, monoamines, tumor necrosis factor, which initiates cell damage and reduces the ability of phagocytes to inactivate immune complexes.

In this case, the activated state of the immune system can be dangerous for the body, and the use of highly active immunomodulatory drugs will be harmful.

Thus, active immunostimulatory therapy is indicated only for patients with clinical manifestations of immunodeficiency and long-term persistent genital infection.

At the same time, preparations of recombinant interferon a-2b (viferon, kipferon, realdiron, intron-A) have been widely used in recent years. It should be noted that the domestic drug Viferon is intended for rectal administration (or local use). Interferons have a non-specific action that prevents the intracellular assembly of foreign proteins.

The present study included 143 women with fresh uncomplicated chlamydia and 189 patients with a disease duration of more than 4 months. All women were excluded from other sexually transmitted infections.

The use of azithromycin (Sumamed) for the treatment of chlamydial infection in gynecological practice

The detection of absolutely pathogenic microorganisms of chlamydia in all cases requires specific therapy. In this regard, even with the so-called persistence of infection and the absence of clinical manifestations of the disease, treatment is necessary. Each group of patients was divided into two subgroups depending on the treatment option.

With fresh uncomplicated urogenital chlamydia, 92 women received 1.0 g of azithromycin (Sumamed) orally once (2 tablets of 500 mg). 51 patients were prescribed Sumamed 500 mg (1 tablet) per day for 3 days. Simultaneously with antibiotic therapy, interferon therapy was performed in the form of rectal suppositories containing 150,000 IU of interferon-a 3 times a day for 10 days.

In the presence of chronic chlamydia (persistence of infection), a comparison was made between continuous intake (46 patients) and “pulse therapy” (143 patients) with azithromycin (Sumamed) in combination with an interferon preparation (500,000 IU 2 times a day per rectum for 5 days - 3 courses with an interval of 5 days). The course of treatment included taking 1.0 g (2 tablets of 500 mg) of azithromycin (Sumamed) orally on the 1-7-14th day of treatment or 500 mg (1 tablet) of the drug 1 time per day for 3 days three times with an interval of 5 days.

Similar treatment was given to the sexual partners of the women included in the study.

None of the modern methods of diagnosing chlamydia provides 100% reliability. Therefore, laboratory diagnostics should be based on a combination of at least two methods, one of which should be cultural. Diagnosis of chlamydial infection was carried out by isolating the pathogen in a McCoy cell culture, amplifying homologous DNA regions using a polymerase chain reaction on a Tertsik apparatus, and the HlaMonoScreen kit (Nearmedic, Russia) was used for direct immunofluorescence reaction.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has advantages over immunological methods:

• high specificity - 95%;
• maximum sensitivity;
• speed of conduct (4-5 hours).

The disadvantage of PCR diagnostics of chlamydia is the possible receipt of false positive results when conducting the study earlier than a month after the end of the course of treatment. This is due to the fact that the DNA/RNA amplification method does not allow assessing cell viability and gives positive results with small amounts of the pathogen and the presence of individual fragments of its genome. Despite this, PCR should be the primary method for assessing chlamydia elimination. Upon receipt of a positive result, a microbiological study is indicated, and if the latter is impossible, a repeated PCR after 5-6 weeks.

Thus, in this work, it was assumed that the most reliable method for diagnosing chlamydia is a combination of culture and polymerase chain reaction. The material for the study was the discharge of the cervical canal, urine, the contents of the abdominal cavity and the cavities of the internal genital organs.

Rice. one.
Scheme for monitoring the effectiveness of therapy for urogenital chlamydia.

Topical diagnosis of various forms of chlamydia was carried out on the basis of a clinical examination, extended colposcopy, ultrasound, laparoscopy.

To control the effectiveness of therapy, the following scheme was used (Fig. 1).

After receiving data on the microbiological efficacy of the treatment (71.1%), 236 of all patients remained under our supervision for 18 months. With an interval of 6 months, they underwent a control laboratory examination, which included a combination of the cultural method for identifying chlamydia and polymerase chain reaction.

As a result of the study, it was found that in the group of women with uncomplicated fresh chlamydia, the maximum effectiveness of therapy reached 93%. At the same time, the indicators of the microbiological and clinical efficacy of the therapy performed did not differ significantly throughout the entire observation period (18 months).

It was noted that out of 92 patients of the first subgroup, only one did not fulfill the conditions for taking Sumamed, taking the drug with food. Among 56.9% of women in the second subgroup who received an antibiotic for 3 days, fluctuations were observed between the time of taking the drug up to 3.2 ± 0.6 hours. 8 patients (15.7%) did not fulfill the conditions for the use of the antibiotic, having independently stopped taking sumamed.

Eradication of the pathogen was observed in 81.1% of patients by the time of the first laboratory control after treatment, and the disappearance of clinical symptoms in 85.3% of women was achieved by day 14 after the end of therapy.

Among the side effects while taking Sumamed, one woman experienced an allergic reaction like urticaria (in the group with a single dose of an antibiotic), and in 4 (7.8%) patients out of 51 who took Sumamed for 3 days, during the week it was noted diarrhea.

Rice. 2.
Clinical and microbiological efficacy of Su-mamed for the treatment of urogenital chlamydia.

The most significant differences in the effectiveness of therapy and patient compliance with the rules, regimen and duration of drug intake were noted in the treatment of persistent chlamydial infection.

Thus, the microbiological and clinical efficacy of various treatment options for urogenital chlamydia is shown in Fig. 2.

As seen in fig. 2, indicators of microbiological and clinical efficacy in the treatment of persistent chlamydia reached their maximum values ​​by 4 weeks after the end of treatment. Only during the first control clinical efficacy prevailed over microbiological. For 1.5 years, the effectiveness of therapy for urogenital chlamydial infection after using Sumamed "pulse therapy" decreases slightly.

At the same time, when using other antibiotic regimens, the frequency of elimination of the pathogen is less common than clinical cure, and the effectiveness of therapy does not exceed 82%.

It should also be noted that the highest compliance accompanies the three-time regimen of Sumamed. During the entire treatment period, only 4 patients (2.8%) were excluded from the study: 3 due to non-compliance with the rules for taking the drug and 1 due to an allergic reaction.

Against the background of prolonged Sumamed regimens, the overall incidence of side effects did not exceed 3.7%, while up to 3/4 of them were noted among women who used a continuous regimen of taking the drug.

Thus, azithromycin (Sumamed) is highly effective for the treatment of fresh uncomplicated chlamydia, regardless of the regimen. The regimen with a single dose of the drug is characterized by high compliance, low frequency of adverse reactions.

In the treatment of persistent chlamydial infection, the greatest clinical and microbiological effectiveness, lengthening the time of the relapse-free interval, allows achieving "pulse therapy" with azithromycin (Sumamed), which includes taking 1.0 g of the drug on days 1-7-14 of treatment. The creation of therapeutic concentrations of azithromycin (Sumamed) in infected tissues for 5-7 days after a single oral administration allows to achieve eradication of the pathogen and long-term preservation of the antibacterial effect. If it is necessary to take the drug for a long time, its similar properties determine the possibility of discrete administration of Sumamed, which leads to a decrease in side effects and an increase in compliance with the treatment.

Literature
1. Gomberg M.A., Soloviev A.M. Immunological approaches to the treatment of patients with chronic persistent chlamydial infection. Sexually transmitted diseases, 1996; 4.
2. Kudryavtseva L.V., Misyurina O.Yu., Genezorov E.V. et al. Clinic, diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial infection. A guide for doctors. Moscow: RMAPO 2001; 61.
3. Kungurov N.V., Gerasimova N.M., Skidan N.I. et al. Efficiency of a new regimen for the use of Sumamed for the treatment of patients with urogenital chlamydial infection. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2002; 1:20-4.
4. Medical microbiology. Moscow: GEOTAR Medicine; 1998.
5. Federal Guidelines for Physicians on the Use of Medicines (Formulary System) 2000; 1:496-7.
6. Chebotarev V.V. Controversial issues of urogenital infections. Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases 2002; 1:53-9.
7. Chebotarev V.V., Gomberg M.A. Comparative efficacy of various treatment regimens for complicated forms of urogenital chlamydia in men. Sexually transmitted infections 2001; 3:18-21.
8. Paul T.R., Knight ST., Raulstoun J.E., et al. Delivery of azythromycin to Chlamydia trachomatis-infected polarized human endometrial epithelial cells by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 1997; 39:623-30.
9. Rubinstein E. Comparative safety of the different macrolides. Int. J. of Antimicrobial Agents, 2001.18. S71-76.
10 Ridgway G.L. Azythromycin in the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Int. J STD AIDS 1996; 7(Suppl. 1): 5-8.
11. Whittington W.L.H., Kent Ch., Kissinger P., et al. Determinants of persistent and recurrent Chlamydia trachomatis infection in young women. Results of multicenter control study. STD, Feb. 2001; 117-23.

Chlamydia belongs to the category of bacterial diseases that are quite often sexually transmitted. The disease occurs as a result of exposure to bacteria.

The pathological process in cells requires carrying out. Quite effective is azithromycin for chlamydia, reviews of which confirm the effectiveness of therapy.

Sumamed is an antibacterial pharmacy drug that belongs to the group of macrolides.

Very often, azithromycin is used for chlamydia, which is explained by its high effect. The traditional medicine is characterized by the highest possible effect and microbiological activity, which allows it to get rid of the disease in a short time.

Before taking azithromycin for chlamydia, the treatment regimen for which is quite simple (we will talk about it below), it is necessary to determine.

Also, the traditional drug can be taken with asymptomatic treatment of the disease. Due to the minimum number of contraindications, the traditional medication can be used to treat various groups of patients.

During the period of taking Sumamed, side effects are minimized.

The traditional medicine not only has an excellent therapeutic effect, but is also characterized by ease of use.

Despite the safety of the pharmacy, it should only be prescribed by a doctor.

Application of the drug

When the pathology treatment regimen with azithromycin must be followed without fail. It should be developed only by the attending physician.

For example, if a patient is prescribed a weekly course of treatment with a traditional drug, and he misses one day, then the therapy may not be effective. In this case, the patient will need to undergo a second course of treatment. In some cases, patients are prescribed other medications.

Quite often, azithromycin is used for chlamydia in men, the treatment regimen of which consists in a single dose of the drug. That is why it is strictly forbidden to skip the receptions of the pharmacy.

Despite the rather simple scheme, patients are not recommended to engage in self-treatment of pathology.

In most cases of self-treatment, incomplete elimination of chlamydia was observed, as well as the appearance of complications.. This is due to the fact that patients are prescribed different doses of a pharmaceutical agent, depending on the degree of development of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient.

That is why, before taking sumamed for chlamydia, the treatment regimen of which is simple, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Treatment of chlamydia with the help of sumamed is carried out according to a universal system, it has a very high efficiency. That is why often the therapy of the disease is carried out with the use of only one dose of a pharmaceutical agent.

This scheme is fully consistent with the weekly course of therapy. At the same time, the possibility of developing undesirable effects during the period of drug use is significantly reduced.

The patient needs to take one tablet of a pharmacy product per week. The duration of therapy with a traditional medication is three weeks.

When choosing a treatment regimen, it is necessary for the patient to select the dosage individually.

Treatment of chlamydia in men with azithromycin is carried out according to a universal scheme, which should be selected only by a doctor after assessing the patient's health status.

Analog tools

Sumamed from chlamydia is forbidden to take with individual intolerance, despite reviews about the effectiveness of the drug. That is why it is recommended to replace it with other traditional medicines.

Tetracycline

If the patient has an uncomplicated form of the disease, then he needs to take the traditional drug 4 times a day.

A single dose of the drug is 500 milligrams.

The course of therapy with Tetracycline is from 7 to 10 days.

If the patient has other forms of the pathological process, then the drug is taken in the same doses, but the duration of therapy is 2-3 weeks.

Lomefloxacin

Reception of pharmaceutical means is carried out once a day for 600 milligrams. Experts recommend taking the drug orally after meals.

In most cases, the traditional drug is used to treat a complicated form of the disease.

The course of therapy with traditional medication is 2 weeks.

Ciprofloxacin

With the help of this drug, uncomplicated and complicated forms of pathology are cured.

The duration of therapy with a pharmacy medicine is 10 days.

The treatment regimen requires a two-time use of the drug.

In general, the patient should take 5 grams of tablets for the course of therapy for the disease.

Roxithromycin

The traditional drug is produced in the form of tablets that must be taken orally. At one time, the patient should consume 150 milligrams of the drug.

The traditional drug should be taken twice a day. The duration of therapy with its use should be at least 10 days.

Conclusion

Sumamed is a potent drug, with the help of which the most effective fight against pathology is carried out. With its help, not only the elimination of symptoms, but also the destruction of chlamydia is carried out.

There are two schemes for treating the disease with this method. The choice of a particular one should be carried out only by a doctor. The specialist takes into account the symptoms, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient when prescribing a pharmacy.

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The causative agent of the disease

The bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is the causative agent of chlamydia in men and women. It is motionless and lives inside the cells. Every year, about a million people become infected with it, of which men make up more than half. The total number of cases is approaching a billion, the male sex prevails. According to statistics, from 5 to 15% of sexually active people have chlamydia.

Infection is dangerous for its manifestations and complications, these include:

• prostatitis;
• impotence;
• inflammation of the testicle and its appendages;
• narrowing of the urethra;
• joint damage;
• inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyes;
• pain in the pelvis.

Another danger of chlamydia is the ability to transform into L-forms, ie. into a dormant state. In this case, taking antibiotics does not have a significant effect on the pathogen, the infection remains in the host body. When the immune system is weakened, the disease worsens.

There are 9 types of chlamydia, a third of them are a threat to human health:

1. Chlamydia trachomatis. Causes an STD.
2. Chlamydia pneumonia. When ingested, it attacks the lungs, causing pneumonia, especially in children, young people and in crowded communities (nursing homes, schools, prisons, etc.).
3. Chlamydia psittaci. Transmitted from parrots. It causes pneumonitis, a specific inflammation in the lungs.

All chlamydia can occur not only in the form of a pronounced infectious process, but also subclinically, i.e. with few symptoms.

Causes

Causes of infection with chlamydia can be:

1. Lack of barrier methods during intercourse with an “unverified partner”.
2. Decreased protective reserves of the body (in immunodeficiency states).
3. The latent course of the disease (without clinical signs) in the partner.

The mechanism of development of chlamydia in men

Due to this lifestyle of the microorganism, the symptoms of the disease are non-specific at the beginning, which makes diagnosis difficult.

Clinical symptoms

Signs of chlamydia in men can be tracked by certain symptoms.

The disease is characterized by:

1. Itching in the urethra.
2. Burning, pain when urinating (urine may be cloudy).
3. Light, almost colorless discharge from the urethra.
4. Redness and slight swelling in the area of ​​the urethral outlet.
5. Swelling, severe pain, local fever in the scrotum.
6. Pain in the scrotum, rectum.
7. Pain in the lumbar and sacral regions, and even in the lower extremities (along the sciatic nerve).
8. Reiter's triad is possible: urethritis, conjunctivitis, and arthritis. As a rule, one of the large joints is affected, most often on one side. (for example, knee, hip or ankle).
9. Discomfort during the act of defecation (typical for lesions of the rectum and prostate).

Reiter's triad is possible: urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis. As a rule, one of the large joints is affected unilaterally (for example, the knee, hip or ankle). Often the patient is only concerned about the joints and he turns to therapists, rheumatologists. Therefore, it is important to always remember that chlamydia can affect not only the urogenital tract, but also the joints.

Diagnosis of the disease

1. Chlamydia can be detected using the following methods:
2. PCR - basic analysis, sensitivity and specificity - 100%. Finds pathogen DNA. Lead time - 2-3 days. For him, a swab is taken from the urethra or scraping from the pharynx.
3. ELISA - determination of antibodies in the blood secreted by the body in response to the introduction of chlamydia. Appear 10-20 days after infection. The accuracy is not more than 60%, due to the fact that antibodies persist for a long time after treatment and it is not always clear whether this is a new round of the disease or immune memory.
4. Cultural method - sowing on nutrient media of material obtained from scrapings or smears. The most time-consuming and expensive, the results need to wait a few days. Determines the sensitivity of chlamydia to antibiotics for the selection of therapy.
5. The immunofluorescence reaction is a complex method that requires the experience and professionalism of the performer. The material obtained by scraping or smear is stained, after which the bacteria begin to glow under a microscope. Accuracy no more than 50%.

Treatment at an early stage

For effective treatment of chlamydia in men, it is necessary to influence the causative agent of the disease.

In the primary acute process, good results were shown by antibacterial drugs from the group of macrolides ("Azithromycin", "Clarithromycin", "Josamycin", "Midecamycin") and tetracyclines ("Doxycycline").

However, treatment with drugs from a number of tetracycline antibiotics has several disadvantages:

1. The course of treatment for 1 week does not allow to achieve the desired result. According to studies, recurrence of the disease occurs in 15-20% of cases with this treatment regimen.
2. Lengthening the time of taking the drugs up to 14 days is dangerous by the re-development of infection in 15% of cases.
3. Treatment for 21 days avoids relapses, as there is an effect on 7 cycles of development of the infectious agent. However, such a long-term regimen is inconvenient for patients: there is often a violation in taking antibiotics. Skipping pills, the irregularity of their use can lead to the formation of resistance (resistance) of chlamydia to this drug. In addition, prolonged use of drugs can provoke the development of a fungal infection, as well as dysbacteriosis of the digestive tract. To prevent these complications, it is necessary to prescribe antifungal drugs (Nystatin, Levorin, Ketoconazole), as well as eubiotics (Linex).

Given the above disadvantages of antibiotics from the tetracycline group, the most convenient treatment is macrolides.

The drug "Azithromycin" ("Sumamed") has a particularly high efficiency.

The benefits of the drug « Azithromycin" :

1. A convenient treatment regimen is a single dose of 1 g of Azithromycin.
2. The effect of the drug lasts 10 days even after a single dose (this effect is created due to the half-life).
3. A simple scheme ensures 100% compliance with the doctor's recommendations.
4. "Azithromycin" is stored for a long time in the tissues affected by the inflammatory process.
5. Low percentage of side effects.
6. The antibiotic acts on intracellular pathogens due to the ability to accumulate inside cells (in particular, phagocytes). This is very important in the treatment of chlamydia, since chlamydia is completely dependent on the host cell.

Treatment of chronic chlamydia

The chronic form of the disease is much more difficult to treat effectively and is dangerous for the occurrence of relapses.

Preference is also given to antibiotics from the group of tetracyclines and macrolides.

The following treatment regimens are effective:

1. Continuous reception of "Doxycycline" 200 mg 2 r / day for 28 days.
2. The method of pulse therapy consists in 3-fold administration of tetracyclines for 10 days with a break of 7 days. This scheme allows you to influence resistant intracellular strains of bacteria, affecting all cycles of development.
3. Reception "Azithromycin" 500 mg 2 times a day for 5 days (or 7 days with a long, often relapsing course of the disease).

Be sure to prescribe along with the use of etiotropic treatment:

1. Eubiotics ("Lineks", "Bifiform")
2. Anti-candidiasis drugs ("Nystatin", "Fluconazole").
3. Immunomodulators ("Polyoxdonium", "Interferon-Alpha").

Prevention

Prevention of chlamydia will help prevent:

• use of barrier contraception;
• refusal of promiscuity;
• annual routine examination of sexually active people, incl. - with non-traditional orientation;
• in case of complaints and suspicion of a disease - an immediate appeal to a venereologist;
• refusal of intimate relationships during the treatment of chlamydia, otherwise you can infect your partner.

The consequences of chlamydial infection for men

In addition to pain in the affected organs and tissues, there are also long-term consequences:

1. Chlamydial infection in 30% is the cause of male infertility.
2. With a long course of the disease without proper treatment, the formation of chronic pelvic pain syndrome is possible.
3. Chlamydia can cause erectile dysfunction (when the infection spreads to the prostate).

Chlamydial infection is very "insidious", since in most cases it is almost asymptomatic or "masked" in the form of banal cystitis and urethritis. However, the consequences of this disease can be extremely serious.

Lack of timely treatment of chlamydia can cause irreversible changes in reproductive function (development of infertility). For this reason, it is necessary to follow the principles of "protected" sexual intercourse, and if alarming symptoms occur, be sure to consult a doctor to prescribe a competent and effective treatment.

Useful articles

Sumamed for chlamydia is used in the treatment of acute and chronic forms of infection provoked by microorganisms and Chlamydia pneumoniae. The drug is an antibiotic of the group of macrolides-azalides. The pharmacological action is provided by the active ingredient, which stops the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria by suppressing protein synthesis inside their cells.

Dosage forms and composition

The variety of drug forms of Sumamed allows doctors to use it in the treatment of chlamydia in patients of all age groups. The drug is produced in the form:

• tablets;
• capsules;
• powder for oral suspension.

Tablets and capsules are used in the treatment of chlamydial infections in adults and school-age children. The fight against infection in young patients is carried out using a suspension.

The tablet form of the drug is available in the form of film-coated pills of blue color with a bevel. Tablets are placed in contour cell plates of 3 and 6 pieces. Each carton contains one plate of medicine.

Sumamed capsules have a hard body made of blue-white gelatin. The content of the dosage form is a white or light yellow powder. Capsules are packed in 6 pieces in blisters, each of which is placed in a separate cardboard box.

The powder is produced in the form of white or light yellow granules, which, after dissolving in water, turn into a homogeneous suspension with a fruit and berry aroma. The powder is contained in 50 ml vials. The vials are individually packed in cardboard boxes and are additionally equipped with a measuring spoon or a dosed syringe.

The active substance of all drug forms of the drug is azithromycin dihydrate. Its mass content in a tablet is 125 or 500 mg, in a capsule - 250 mg, in 5 ml of suspension - 100 mg.

How does it work on chlamydia

Sumamed is an antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of chlamydia, sexually transmitted and airborne. When ingested, azithromycin is rapidly absorbed from the digestive system and is evenly distributed throughout all tissues and body fluids in the body. A feature of the active component is its ability to concentrate not in blood plasma, but in cells affected by chlamydial infection. This reduces the negative impact of the drug on the heart, liver and spleen.

The half-life of azithromycin from blood serum is 40 hours, from infected cells - 60 hours. The substance is excreted unchanged from the body mainly through the intestines. A small part of it (about 6-12%) is excreted through the urinary tract.

Method of application for chlamydia

Treatment of chlamydia with Sumamed is carried out after laboratory confirmation of infection in a patient. The choice of drug form of the drug depends on the age and body weight of the patient.

In the stomach filled with food, the absorption of azithromycin slows down, so the drug is recommended to be taken 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after it is completed. Tablets and capsules are taken as a whole, without chewing and drinking the required amount of water. Before use, the suspension should be measured with a spoon or syringe and swallowed with water or juice.

When using Sumamed for chlamydia, the treatment regimen should be determined by the doctor. When compiling it, the specialist takes into account the stage of the disease and the presence of comorbidities in the patient. In the acute form of chlamydial infection, azithromycin is prescribed simultaneously with probiotics and hepatoprotectors. Treatment of chronic chlamydia is usually carried out by taking Sumamed in parallel with hepatoprotectors, cardioprotectors, immunostimulants, probiotics and some other groups of drugs.

During treatment, the patient must remember that the use of the drug in an inadequate dose or according to the wrong scheme will not bring the expected recovery. To ensure the success of antibiotic therapy, the patient is recommended to be re-examined for chlamydia a few weeks after its completion.

Contraindications

Before taking Sumamed, the patient needs to familiarize himself with the list of contraindications to it. You should not take this remedy for people suffering from:

• hypersensitivity to its constituent components;
• individual intolerance to macrolides or ketolides;
• kidney or liver failure.

Each drug form of Sumamed has its own age restrictions in use. Do not use 500 mg tablets and 250 mg capsules in the treatment of chlamydia in children under 12 years of age. Taking the tablet form of the drug with a dosage of azithromycin 125 mg is contraindicated in patients under 3 years of age. Sumamed oral suspension, obtained from powder, is forbidden to be given to babies under 6 months of age.

There is no information on the safety of using Sumamed during pregnancy, so it should be prescribed to women during the period of bearing a child only if absolutely necessary. Azithromycin is found in breast milk, but its effect on the body of newborns has not been adequately studied. In this regard, it is necessary to prescribe Sumamed from chlamydia to nursing mothers with caution.

Undesirable consequences from taking

During the use of azithromycin, people may experience side effects from various systems and organs. The list of common antibiotic side effects includes:

Medical practice knows cases of occurrence in patients using azithromycin in the treatment of chlamydia, acute renal failure, insomnia, dizziness, hallucinations, convulsions, fainting, visual and hearing disorders, internal bleeding, changes in blood composition, etc. If any undesirable effects from therapy, the patient should visit a doctor.

Sumamed can provoke dizziness, drowsiness and other symptoms in a person that affect the ability to concentrate. In this regard, patients who drive vehicles or work with potentially dangerous mechanisms should refrain from performing the described activities for the entire period of treatment for chlamydial infection.

Purchase method and cost

You can buy Sumamed at the pharmacy with a prescription. The average price of a pack of 125 mg tablets is 330 rubles, 500 mg tablets - 440 rubles per pack. For the original packaging with Sumamed capsules, the patient will have to pay about 420 rubles, for a bottle of powder for preparing a suspension - 210 rubles.

Patient evaluation

Patients who had to treat chlamydia with Sumamed leave positive feedback about this antibiotic. The use of the drug in accordance with the treatment regimen drawn up by the doctor allows you to get rid of chlamydia in 1 treatment course. Adverse reactions that develop during therapy in most patients are mild and disappear shortly after the completion of the antibiotic.