Mammologist - all about the medical specialty. Mammologist's appointment Where to consult a mammologist

A mammologist is a doctor who specializes in diseases of the mammary glands. In Russian medical practice, doctors involved in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of this organ have a basic specialization in gynecology, surgery or oncology.

Pathology of the mammary glands can occur in both women and men, but in women it is detected much more often. This is due to the fact that the female mammary glands are much more developed, as well as their dependence on hormonal fluctuations. All major changes in a woman's life inevitably affect the condition of the breast. The breast is formed during puberty. With the advent of menstruation, the mammary glands begin to respond to the course of the menstrual cycle. A significant restructuring occurs during pregnancy: the body prepares for the fact that breastfeeding will follow the birth of a child. Despite the fact that breastfeeding is inherent in nature, it carries its own risks - mechanical damage, lactostasis (blockage of the milk ducts). The decrease in hormonal levels associated with the decay of reproductive function, however, like other age-related changes, also affect the state of this organ.

The female breast is very vulnerable. The biggest threat is breast cancer. Cancer of this localization is currently considered the most common among oncological diseases. It is detected in every eighth woman over 45 years old. At the same time, it is curable in the early stages, and the earlier the pathology is detected, the less damage to the body will be treated. The selection of a mammologist as a separate medical specialty is connected precisely with the need to achieve the widest possible early diagnosis.

Breast cancer also occurs in men, only less often (cases of the disease in men and women are correlated as 1:100). Therefore, doctors recommend that men contact a mammologist when disturbing symptoms appear, and women over 35 years of age undergo preventive examinations every year.

If you need an appointment with a mammologist in Moscow, please contact JSC "Family Doctor". Below you can choose the most convenient polyclinic for you and check the prices for doctor's services. You can make an appointment through the call center, mobile application or the patient's personal account.

What should I contact a mammologist

The competence of a mammologist includes all diseases of the mammary glands. There are two main groups of diseases:

inflammatory

non-inflammatory character.

The first group includes mastitis: lactational and non-lactational.

Lactational mastitis occurs during lactation and is usually associated with lactostasis. If the milk is not completely sucked out of the breast, it stagnates, which leads to the development of inflammation.

Non-lactational mastitis is an inflammation that is not associated with lactation.

A group of non-inflammatory diseases are neoplasms, which can be benign and malignant.

Benign formations include:

mastopathy (a pathological change in the tissues of the gland, which is fibrocystic in nature. It manifests itself in the form of fine-grained seals, usually painful);

fibroadenoma (a tumor that develops from glandular tissue);

cyst (formation in the form of a cavity with liquid contents);

intraductal papilloma (caused by the human papillomavirus);

lipoma (popular name - "wen", is formed from adipose tissue).

Mastopathy is considered a precancerous condition. Other formations can also be malignantly reborn - fibroadenomas, cysts, intracurrent papillomas. Therefore, any seal in the gland should be the reason for contacting a mammologist and undergoing an examination.

The competence of a mammologist also includes gynecomastia in men (a pathological increase in the size of the mammary glands), as well as malformations and injuries of the mammary glands in women.

When is a Mammologist Appointment Needed?

Doctors recommend every woman once a month to conduct a self-diagnosis. Self-diagnosis consists in a visual examination of the breast in front of a mirror, palpation (each breast and armpits are probed in turn), squeezing the nipple (checking for discharge). It is best to conduct a self-examination within a week after the end of menstruation.

If you find disturbing signs, you should contact a mammologist as soon as possible. These signs may be:

changes in the size and shape of the breast or nipple

hardening or redness;

soreness or a feeling of tension in the area of \u200b\u200bthe gland;

discharge from the nipple.

However, if the examination did not reveal anything alarming, it is still necessary to go for an annual preventive examination. The sensitivity of instrumental diagnostic methods is much superior to your hands. Particularly vigilant should be those who belong to the risk group:

nulliparous women over the age of 30. The risk is even higher if you have a history of miscarriages or abortions;

with a history of chest trauma;

women with high levels of estrogen in the blood.

A preventive examination is best done on the 5-6th day of the menstrual cycle, at which time the mammary gland experiences the least effect from the hormonal background. Women in menopause can make an appointment with a mammologist regardless of the time.

Diagnostic methods in mammology

At the appointment, the mammologist will perform an examination, which necessarily includes palpation (palpation), ask about complaints, find out if gynecological pathology was previously detected, or if close relatives had cases of oncology.

The survey standard involves instrumental research. Women younger than 35 are prescribed breast ultrasound; those over this age are referred for mammograms.

Also can be done:

radiothermometry of the breast;

biopsy of the gland tissue with subsequent histological examination

laboratory tests: blood tests for tumor markers, hormones, analysis of discharge from the nipple (if there is discharge)

Treatment Methods

Inflammatory diseases are treated with conservative methods. Treatment of mastopathy in most cases also turns out to be conservative.

Cysts, tumors and intraductal papillomas must be surgically removed. In the event that surgery is unavoidable, doctors try to keep the necessary intervention to a minimum. Operations are performed at the Family Doctor Hospital Center.

In most cases, a mammologist deals with the study, diagnosis and treatment of breast problems associated with hormonal disorders in the body or the growth of a malignant tumor. The competence of a mammologist includes the treatment and prevention of such diseases:

Mastopathy;
Fibrocystic disease;
Adenoma and fibroadenoma;
Lipoma;
Inflammatory diseases of the mammary glands in nursing mothers;
Tumors of the mammary glands of a malignant nature.

It is recommended to visit the mammologist's office at least once a year, thus, any modifications of gland tissues, seals and diseases will be detected at an early stage of development. Timely treatment is the key to a successful outcome of the disease.

When do you need a consultation with a mammologist?

Every woman should be able to conduct a breast self-examination. You need to do this every month soybeans in front of a mirror with a bare chest. One hand is raised up, and with the fingers of the second hand clockwise, you need to gently palpate the mammary gland, first in a circle, and then from top to bottom. In conclusion, the nipple should be squeezed between the fingers; normally, there should be no discharge from the ducts. Self-examination should not cause pain or other uncomfortable sensations in a woman.

The reasons for an urgent consultation with a mammologist are the following conditions:

The presence of painful seals in the chest;
One mammary gland is much larger than the other;
From the nipple, when pressed, the chest is released; the body temperature is increased to 39 degrees, and the mammary gland itself is hot to the touch and sharply painful;
Modification of the nipple (retraction, deformation);
Discharge of blood or fluid from the nipple when pressed;
Chest pain, colostrum secretion not associated with lactation.

In addition, without waiting for the appearance of clinical symptoms, a mammologist should appear if a woman has received a chest injury or bruise of the mammary glands.

Where can I find a good mammologist?

A good mammologist in the capital can be found on our website. We have compiled a list of the best mammologists in Moscow for visitors, who have a high rating and work experience.

In order not to waste precious time, but to immediately choose the best doctor from the list of specialists, go to the reviews section. There you can get acquainted with the true impressions about the mammologist of other patients who have already been at the reception.

A mammologist sees patients by appointment, therefore, as soon as a choice is made in favor of a particular doctor, contact the administrator of the medical center and discuss a convenient time and date for you.

On the mammologist's appointment every woman should come every year, from the age of 18 to old age. Visiting and conducting a basic examination does not take much time, but it allows you to timely detect diseases such as fibroadenoma, fibroma, and breast cancer.

The latter is one of the most common forms of cancer in women. Oncological tumors of the breast every year cause the death of tens of thousands of women, and it is possible not to become part of this sad statistics if you undergo a preventive examination in a timely manner, which allows you to detect a tumor at an early stage. This guarantees successful treatment in most cases.

When to visit a mammologist

There are a number of signs that indicate the onset of breast disease. Every woman should know them. In order not to miss the onset of the disease, you need to pay attention to the following signs:

Pain in the region of the mammary glands. Unpleasant sensations and pain in the mammary glands can be a sign of many diseases. They are localized in one place or spilled, but both require consultations.
The appearance of formations. If during palpation of the breast you find a seal in it, you must urgently come to an appointment with a mammologist.
Change of size . If the breasts of an adult woman began to change size or shape, this is a sign of the disease, especially if the growth is asymmetrical, i.e., one breast increases.
Nipple change . An alarming factor, if the nipple is deformed, bent, retracted, a platform appears if the nipples are asymmetrical.
Discharge from the nipples . Any discharge from the nipples that is not associated with pregnancy and lactation requires additional diagnosis.
Enlarged lymph nodes . Often, diseases of the mammary glands manifest themselves, including an increase or soreness of the axillary lymph nodes.
Skin change . If an area appears on the breast skin that is too smooth, wrinkled, retracted, covered with an "orange peel" or in any other way different from normal, it is better to consult a doctor.

In addition to the above cases, you should visit a mammologist at least every year for the purpose of prevention, at the stage of preparation for pregnancy, during and after breastfeeding.

What happens at the appointment with a mammologist

The mammologist's appointment may differ depending on the purpose, but it always begins with a survey. The doctor finds out the reasons for the visit, subjective symptoms and complaints, finds out the family and personal history. After that, he proceeds to a visual examination of the mammary glands, paying attention to the color and condition of the skin, size and symmetry.

The most informative part of the reception is the palpation of the gland. The doctor probes her tissues in search of possible formations. If any suspicious areas are found, then an additional examination may be required: conducting and mammography. After receiving their results, the doctor will be able to determine their condition in more detail.

Where to go for an appointment with a mammologist?

Today, mammologists are part of the permanent staff of many private medical institutions, and making an appointment is not difficult. The main thing is to choose a clinic with suitable conditions.

And if you have any difficulties with this, you can solve it using the site "Your Doctor". This service allows you to collect and analyze information about the working conditions provided by various private clinics as simply and quickly as possible, and then make an appointment at any of them.

Cancer can appear in a person at absolutely any age, and it does not matter at all whether you lead a healthy lifestyle or not. Its main danger lies in the fact that it often develops completely unnoticed. The surest way to detect the disease in time is to conduct preventive studies.

The main thing is to check your health before it's too late. Early diagnosis offers the opportunity to save your life, since most diseases are completely treatable in their early stages. Po must be an extra-class professional.

What does mammology study?

Mammology deals with the study, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the mammary glands. Breast cancer is no less common than other cancers. For high-quality observation, as well as for treatment, patients need, first of all, to find a good specialist. Below is a list of the most successful doctors in the field of mammology, recognized as qualified specialists in Moscow, and find out what patients who leave their reviews on the Internet think about them.

Novikova Larisa Andreevna

This is an oncologist-mammologist. Carries out diagnostics and surgical treatment of neoplasms of the mammary glands and skin, using modern minimally invasive techniques that are considered gentle. Provides consultations to patients who suffer from oncological diseases of any localization. Over the years of her practice, she has provided high-quality and qualified specialized assistance to thousands of her patients. Her merits as an oncologist-mammologist in Moscow are highly valued.

Reviews

Many patients believe that if everyone were doctors like this one, then surely few people would get sick at all. According to patients, the doctor always speaks specifically and to the point. Takes only those tests that are necessary. During appointments, he tries not to upset patients, although, unfortunately, he rarely manages to please them.

In addition, in their reviews, patients call Larisa Andreevna an excellent doctor, consider her attentive and professional. In addition to neoplasms already present in patients, it is often able to detect and identify new ones. As a rule, all patients are encouraged to contact other specialists in case of detection of other malignant tumors. Patients are prescribed various measures, which the doctor must agree and discuss, explaining all the nuances. Therefore, those who turn to Larisa Andreevna for medical help usually like the way she receives her patients suffering from one or another ailment in the field of mammology. According to patients, the consultations are friendly and competent.

In addition to attentiveness, patients also note a warm and trusting attitude towards them. The doctor creates such conditions under which patients tell everything frankly and without concealment. Many women who come to this doctor with their health problems, who have already gone through a lot of mammologists in their lives, opt for this specialist. The doctor not only conducts consultations, but, if necessary, attends an ultrasound scan herself in order to be able to competently and efficiently control the entire treatment process.

Mikhailenko Anatoly Nikolaevich

This specialist is an oncologist-mammologist with the highest qualification category. He carries out prevention, diagnostic studies, as well as the treatment of all diseases associated with the mammary glands, in addition, he treats surgical and oncological diseases. The doctor receives patients with mastitis, mastopathy, lactostasis, as well as malignant and benign neoplasms of the mammary glands at different stages of their development.

People say about this specialist that he, as a rule, justifies all their expectations, and also listens attentively to his patients and conducts thorough examinations. Therefore, women are very satisfied with the consultations of this oncologist-mammologist in Moscow. Reviews confirm this.

Some say that they absolutely trust this doctor and are always sure that he will not harm them. As a rule, Anatoly Nikolaevich does everything necessary very quickly and efficiently. Comfortable conditions are created for patients, women feel confident and are not embarrassed, it is quite normal to perceive this specialist as a doctor, without focusing on the fact that he is a man.

Many patients choose this doctor based on reviews on the Internet. Consultations for patients are quite fast, competent, informative and accessible, and besides, they are to the point. According to people, the appointments with this doctor suit them and they are very grateful.

The rest of the patients emphasize the professionalism of the doctor in their comments and declare that you come to one of the oncologists-mammologists as if for an exam, and this one is like their own for them.

Baryshnikova Olga Sergeevna

Mammologist Olga Sergeevna has extensive experience in diagnosing malignant and benign tumors of the breast. It is distinguished by conservative methods of treatment, including hormonal therapy, as well as the selection of the most appropriate scheme for analgesia with pronounced pain syndromes. She is an active participant in international conferences that are dedicated to palliative as well as symptomatic care for patients in the field of oncology.

There are rumors about Olga Sergeevna that she is able to literally lift a person to his feet. Patients who have been in bed for half a year and could not get up, thanks to the treatment of this mammologist, begin to get out of bed and feel much better.

Patients do not doubt the professionalism and competence of Olga Sergeevna, although sometimes the first impression that develops from a visit to this doctor, as they say, turns out to be twofold. And this is a really good oncologist-mammologist.

Patients do not always receive answers to all their questions, and some in their comments cannot confidently say that they were satisfied with their visit to this specialist.

Nevertheless, patients like that Olga Sergeevna can explain everything very intelligibly, and in addition, they note the kind human attitude of the doctor towards people.

According to those who applied, the doctor professionally examines his patients and devotes enough time to them, they consider this mammologist a qualified specialist with vast experience and it is for this reason that they come to her. Usually, women get advice from this doctor with comprehensive information in an understandable language.

Vasiliev Alexander Petrovich

Renowned mammologist. He possesses methods of ultrasound and clinical examination in the area of the mammary glands, interprets the results of mammography and performs a puncture biopsy of neoplasms. He performs surgical treatment of cysts, intraductal papillomas, lactational mastitis, fibroadenomas and, in addition, conducts conservative treatment of lactostasis among nursing mothers. The practical list of this doctor should also include radiosurgical treatment and diagnosis of neoplasms of the skin.

From Alexander Petrovich, patients always have a positive impression. According to patients, the doctor has a very friendly attitude, women feel the experience and professionalism of a specialist. Consultations are also quite productive and do not raise any questions.

All patients like the doctor, they characterize him as the most experienced specialist and call him a great professional in his field, and besides, a conscientious person.

Information from visitors

According to reviews, there are no comments on this oncologist-mammologist in Moscow. Patients believe that he speaks everything to the point, and most importantly - in an understandable language. Alexander Petrovich does not prescribe anything superfluous and even more expensive, but prescribes only the necessary procedures. The ability of the doctor to clearly explain what is possible for patients and what cannot be done as part of the treatment is also noted. Women write that not every specialist manages to shed light on a professional explanation of the nuances relating to their illness in an understandable language, as this particular mammologist does. Therefore, patients note that Alexander Petrovich is very qualified and treats their questions with due attention. He additionally accompanies his patients during ultrasound, and many emphasize that they are ready to undergo treatment only with this doctor and do not intend to turn to anyone else.

We have studied the list of the best oncologists-mammologists. Reviews about them are given.

A mammologist is a specialist who diagnoses certain diseases related to the mammary glands, as well as their treatment and the development of subsequent preventive measures to prevent diseases in this area. Thus, answering the question of who a mammologist is, one can supplement the answer with the fact that it is this specialist who should be contacted if a number of different problems arise, ranging from such a manifestation as breast engorgement, which occurs before the onset of menstruation, to mastitis (and it is with this problem that the patient’s mammologist is most often referred), mastopathy or tumor formation.

The competence of a mammologist implies the possibility of treating this type of problem within the framework of outpatient treatment, as well as the possibility of treatment in a hospital setting (surgery, drug therapy). These areas of activity can be combined or implemented only separately, it all depends on the specific specialist.

It should be noted that in the conditions of the CIS countries, as well as in neighboring countries, such specialization as a “mammologist” does not exist in principle. Basically, the functions that are assigned to mammologists are performed by doctors whose activities are related to the treatment of cancer, related conditions and conditions of a similar type. The mammary glands, respectively, are also among the areas of their profile, while the specialists themselves in this case are oncologists.

Considering the fact that breast cancer is practically the leader in terms of oncological diseases in various countries, including Russia, a mammologist's appointment is available in almost any serious clinic. The mammologist also accepts in the clinic, so finding a mammologist, regardless of the situation, is not so difficult.

Mammologist: what does this specialist treat?

The main activities of a mammologist in terms of specific diseases are as follows:

dishormonal pathologies of the mammary glands - in this case, fibrocystic disease or mastopathy, as well as gynecomastia are considered;
tumor pathologies of the mammary glands - this includes breast cancer, lipoma, fibroadenoma, sarcoma, etc .;
pathologies of the inflammatory nature of the mammary glands - here, in particular, mastitis is considered; in general, inflammatory diseases of the glands also fall under the competence of surgeons, whose specialization relates to purulent surgery.

When to go to a mammologist: preventive, first and urgent examination

As a preventive measure, you should visit a mammologist twice a year. You should take into account a certain feature, taking into account which a mammologist can accept you - the days of the cycle. Given this, you can go to him after the end of menstruation, before the onset of ovulation (about 5-6 days).

It is better if the first consultation with this specialist is made in youth, because precisely due to early diagnosis in the presence of any pathology and the need for treatment, the doctor, accordingly, will be able to prescribe him, thereby minimizing the possible threat to her as much as possible. development.

As for an urgent consultation, it is necessary regardless of age or other factors, the main reason for going to this specialist is the appearance of symptoms (discharge from the nipple, chest pain, etc.). In the absence of complaints, aggravating heredity and other predisposing factors, a visit to a mammologist after 30 years of a mammologist can be considered as a necessity, implemented within a period of one and a half years. Accordingly, with aggravating factors and with a hereditary predisposition, a visit to the doctor should occur twice a year.
It is also important for women to understand that breast cancer in its initial form does not show visible and painful symptoms. Moreover, the traditional measure (self-palpation of the glands) may also be ineffective during this period of the disease. Thus, the detection of pathology in the latent (initial) form of its existence is possible only when visiting the office of a mammologist.

Mammologist examination: when does it become necessary?

There are a number of conditions of the mammary glands, which without fail require an appropriate approach to them, namely, consultations with a mammologist. These are specific symptoms, on the basis of which, even without this recommendation, a woman may have serious anxiety about her own condition and the current disease. In order for the reader to understand what exactly is meant by such states, we single them out in detail:

redness of the mammary glands;
changes in the size of the mammary glands (both up and down);
the appearance of a lump in the chest;
the appearance of discharge from the nipples;
pain in the armpits and in the surrounding areas;
pain in the mammary glands (or in one of the glands);
swelling or retraction of the skin, noted in the area near the nipple;
asymmetry of the mammary glands.

In addition, there are also a number of predisposing factors, against the background of the influence of which one should also pay attention to the need to visit a mammologist, we will highlight them below.

the presence of diseases of the genital organs (relevant at the moment or previously transferred);
the presence of specific sensations, which may even be insignificant in the nature of their manifestation (a feeling of fullness, pain in the mammary gland, a palpable seal, various types of discharge from the nipples / nipple, a feeling of engorgement of the glands, etc.);
the course of pregnancy was accompanied by the occurrence of certain unpleasant moments in it;
in the past, in a relatively recent or present time, there was an injury to the mammary gland / glands;
actual problem in the form of impaired liver function;
severe and prolonged stay in a state provoked by a traumatic situation, in other words, in this case, the transfer of stress is considered as a predisposing factor;
the relevance of hereditary predisposition, in which breast cancer occurred in one of the closest relatives.

Basically, the reception of the specialist we are considering is outpatient, which implies consultations with a mammologist, performing the necessary manipulations in terms of diagnosis. In parallel, as already noted, he is operated on in a hospital, as well as the required treatment.

Reception mammologist: how is it?

The reception of this specialist consists in palpation (that is, probing the mammary glands), as well as in clarifying specific complaints that are relevant to the patient. As research methods, due to which the subsequent diagnosis of pathology can be made, the following options can be assigned:

mammography (as part of this study, the mammary glands are studied using x-rays);
ultrasound examination (ultrasound) of the mammary glands;
study of tissues removed by biopsy for subsequent oncoanalysis of the material.

Additionally, the following methods can be used:

scintigraphy;
CT and MRI of the chest;
ductography (method of x-ray examination of the ducts of the mammary glands).

Analyzes prescribed by a mammologist

The option of conducting analyzes is not excluded, they include the following:

taking a smear (the procedure is carried out with the removal of material from one nipple), conducting a cytological examination (the seized material is examined);
taking a smear from both nipples of the glands, cytological examination of the seized material;
puncture for one of the palpable formations, carried out as a diagnostic method using an ultrasound machine during this procedure.

Children's mammologist

We have already highlighted the need to visit a mammologist at an early age above, in fact, a pediatric mammologist is a specialist whose visit is necessary for a child or adolescent to treat certain conditions and diseases. As such, pseudotumor formations, asymmetry of the glands, trauma to the glands or their hypertrophy (enlargement) can be distinguished. Also, this is age-related mastopathy, fibroadenoma, etc. We repeat that with timely access to a mammologist, the possibility of a complete cure is allowed with the implementation of adequate therapeutic measures.

In adolescence, a consultation with a mammologist is necessary during the so-called “hormonal storm”, because breast diseases often begin to develop precisely from this period, and their manifestation can be noted already during pregnancy or lactation (breastfeeding).

It should be noted that a pediatric mammologist should partly be a psychologist, taking into account the peculiarities of the child's psyche and the psyche of adolescents. Important is the ability to establish contact, to inspire confidence on the part of patients. With this in mind, a mammologist, whose reviews are often the best confirmation of compliance with the requirements for professionalism and treatment, must be chosen carefully, that is, again, taking into account both the qualifications and the effectiveness of the treatment, and attitude towards patients.

Breast cancer: symptoms

Considering that breast cancer is almost one of those major diseases that women are especially afraid of, it is important to know what symptoms appear with it at obvious stages of its relevance, that is, when, in general, any phenomena are already one way or another. otherwise, but they make themselves known.

So, first of all, this pain. An important fact is that periodically women one way or another, but face soreness in this area. With the frequent occurrence of chest pain, one can assume the relevance of hormonal changes as the cause of this phenomenon (up to 90% of cases this is exactly the case). With pain in only one of the mammary glands, as well as with the appearance of secretions in the same gland, with engorgement of the skin and with the detection of a tumor formation in the process of palpation, we can say that the symptoms that appear in a particular case look somewhat more serious than just pain in chest.

Pain in the armpits, pain in the nipple area - these manifestations occur in about 10% of cases in women during the premenstrual period. The pain that appears in this case is characterized as dull. To relieve pain, you should reduce the amount of salt in the diet in the period a few days before the start of menstruation, you should also refuse drinks that contain caffeine during this period. Due to this, the removal of fluid from the body will occur unhindered, breast tissues are also no exception.

When transferring an earlier biopsy procedure or with a previous injury, pain sensations have a slightly different character. So, the concentration of pain is noted in a specific area, without connection with the menstrual cycle. The pain is sharp or shooting in nature. It should be noted that after a biopsy, pain can persist for up to two years, pain is concentrated mainly in the chest, although the main focus of pain is concentrated in the ribs. With increasing soreness with a deep sharp breath or when pressing on the ribs, there is reason to believe that the patient has nothing more than arthritis.

Stress in pain also has its position in terms of the manifestation of symptoms. So, if the level of the stress hormone in the body is increased, then the pain sensations in it also increase, regardless of the area of their localization, respectively, this is also true for the mammary glands. If this is supplemented by the effects of alcohol, coffee and unhealthy diet in combination with the daily routine, it will soon be noted that the pain in the chest is intensifying.

The next symptom, which in the context of this disease should be paid attention to, is the appearance of discharge. Allocations although they can alarm, in reality they have nothing to do with cancer in most cases. Basically, this is a normal phenomenon, relevant for the second part of the menstrual cycle, the cause of their occurrence is the accumulation of a certain amount of fluid in the area of the milk channels. If pregnancy does not occur, this fluid disappears over time. It should be noted that the excited state of the nipples can lead to the release of a small amount of this fluid, it is mostly either transparent or slightly cloudy. Sometimes such discharge occurs against the background of significant physical exertion.

Despite the fact that the discharge is not a direct indication of actual breast cancer, certain features of them, nevertheless, should cause alertness:

the permanent nature of the discharge (that is, they appear not only in the period of several days preceding menstruation);
secretions are accompanied by external changes in the mammary glands (there is a palpation of seals, engorgement of the skin);
the appearance of a spontaneous type of discharge (that is, the discharge appears without prior compression of the chest, without previous physical activity or friction);
the liquid released from the nipples has a certain color (that is, it is not cloudy or transparent, but reddish, greenish, etc.);
the skin of the nipple itches and is generally inflamed;
discharge is noted from only one breast or discharge is noted from 1-2 pores in the nipple.

seals, which we have already noted, in many cases are not malignant, but this is not a reason to exclude them as a serious symptom indicating a possible breast cancer, on the contrary. In particular, an appeal to a mammologist may be the appearance of the following symptoms associated with a seal in the chest:

when probing, the hardness of the seal is noted;
the edges of the seal are uneven;
it is characterized by soreness;
there are no similar seals in the other breast;
the movement of the seal occurs only with the tissues adjacent to it;
the features inherent in the seal do not change in accordance with the menstrual cycle.