Very important information! Cycle and conception. Normal parameters of the menstrual cycle

It holds many mysteries. And it is sometimes very difficult for an ordinary person to deal with all of them. Therefore, in this article I want to talk in detail about the cycle. The norm and deviations will also be described later.

Understanding concepts

First of all, I want to define the concepts themselves in order to fully understand what is at stake. So, the monthly (or more correctly - the menstrual) cycle is a special physiological process that is characteristic exclusively for the female body (sexually mature person). It has a regular nature, affects mainly the reproductive system. All these processes are controlled by hormones that produce the ovaries, as well as the brain.

When does a woman's menstrual cycle begin to form? The norm is the time of puberty for a girl. This happens on average at 11-14 years. The menstrual cycle disappears in women with the onset of menopause (most often it comes at the age of 45-55). This is a normal physiological process, as a result of which a woman already becomes unable to conceive and bear a baby. The external manifestation of the menstrual cycle is spotting, or menstruation.

How to count?

Not all women know how to correctly calculate their female cycle. So, first of all, it is worth saying that it is necessary to start counting from the first day of spotting, to finish - the last day before a new menstruation. Ideally, the monthly cycle is 28 days. But this is not the case for all women. The norm is also considered a deviation from this figure in one week. That is, if a lady's cycle lasts within 21-35 days, there is nothing to worry about. If not, you should definitely consult a doctor for qualified advice. It is also important to remember that the cycle should be regular. If one month it has 25 days, and the second - 32 - this is not normal. Variations are possible within 1-3 days. Otherwise, again, you need to contact a gynecologist for advice and search for reasons.

Nuances

1. Ovulation (translated from Latin as "egg"). This is one of the processes of the menstrual cycle. At this time, the follicle ruptures, and the egg comes out of it, completely ready for fertilization.
2. Menstruation. Occurs approximately 12-15 days after ovulation. This is spotting, with which, as unnecessary (if pregnancy has not occurred), exfoliated endometrium comes out.

Phases

The phases of the menstrual cycle - that's what else needs to be said in this article. So, this issue can be approached in different ways. According to one version, there are only two phases of the menstrual cycle:

1. Folliculin.
2. Luteal (secretory, or phase of the corpus luteum).

Why is there such a division? It's all the fault of hormones, which in a certain period are dominant in the reproductive organs of the female body. You can often see information that there are two more phases of the monthly cycle:

1. phase of menstruation.
2. ovulation phase.

However, most scientists believe that it is not entirely correct to single them out in terms of hormonal levels. However, it is believed that they more clearly show the processes occurring in the ovaries and uterus. In addition, these phases are very important during pregnancy planning, so they cannot be completely excluded. All four phases will be discussed below.

First phase: menstruation

The normal cycle of menstruation begins with the first phase, which is calculated from the first day of spotting. These are the so-called menses. At this time, the previously rejected endometrium is released along with the blood. This process can also be called preparation for receiving a new egg. As for the duration, this phase has only 3 to 6 days. It ends even before the end of bleeding in women. What else is important to say when studying the cycle of menstruation? How much blood should a girl normally produce? No more than 80 ml for the entire period of menstruation. If a woman changes pads or tampons more than 10 times a day, this is a reason to see a doctor. You should also seek help if spotting has been going on for a week or more.

Possible problems

What problems can arise in this phase?

1. Amenorrhea (the prefix "a" means no). This is the complete absence of bleeding. However, this diagnosis can only be made if a similar phenomenon has been observed for six months.
2. Algodysmenorrhea (the prefix "algo" means pain). These are painful periods when a woman feels very ill. At this time, the work capacity of the lady is sharply reduced.
3. Menorrhagia. It's too much bleeding. This diagnosis can be made if a woman's menstruation lasts more than 7 days or the amount of discharge is more than 80 ml.

Second phase: follicular

We study further the monthly cycle. The norm is when the second phase in a woman lasts about two weeks after the completion of spotting. At this time, the woman's brain begins to send certain impulses, under the influence of which the follicle-stimulating hormone is actively produced, and follicles grow in the ovaries. Gradually, a dominant follicle is formed, which will be a haven in the future. At the same time, a woman's body is actively producing a hormone such as estrogen. He's working on updating the lining of the uterus. Also, this hormone affects the cervical mucus so much that it becomes immune to sperm.

Problems

Violation of the cycle of menstruation in the second phase can cause various stresses and diseases. In this case, the third phase of the female cycle will come a little later than usual.

Phase three: ovulation

This is the middle of the monthly cycle. At this point, there is a restructuring of hormones in the female body. The level of FSH, i.e., decreases significantly, but immediately there is a release of LH, i.e. Time frame of the period: three days. What happens to the female body at this time?

1. LH makes the cervix very receptive to sperm.
2. The maturation of the egg is completed.
3. The egg is released from the follicle, after which it enters the fallopian tubes and awaits conception (term - about two days).

Phase Four: Luteal

It can also be called the “yellow body phase”. After the follicle is released, it begins to actively produce the hormone progesterone, the main task of which is to prepare the uterine mucosa for implantation. At the same time, the cervical mucus dries up, and the production of LH stops. If a normal monthly cycle is traced in women, then this phase lasts no more than 16 days (for a maximum of 12 days, a fertilized egg must attach to the uterus).

1. If fertilization has occurred: in this case, the egg enters the uterine cavity, is implanted, and the production of the so-called pregnancy hormone begins, which will be active throughout the entire period of bearing the baby.
2. If fertilization does not occur: in this case, the egg also dies, the production of progesterone stops. This causes the destruction of the endometrium, which entails its rejection and the onset of the first phase of a new menstrual cycle - spotting.

Cycle and conception

Every lady should know her correct menstrual cycle. After all, this is very important in that situation, if you want to prepare for the conception of a baby, or, conversely, to avoid an unwanted pregnancy. After all, as everyone knows, there are favorable and dangerous days of the female cycle. About this in more detail:

1. The maximum probability of conception is a couple of days before ovulation or at the time of the second phase of the menstrual cycle.
2. It is worth remembering that male sperm live up to seven days in the female tract, so fertilization is possible even if unprotected intercourse occurred a week before ovulation.
3. Favorable days for those who do not yet want to have children: a couple of days after ovulation. The egg has already died at this time, fertilization will not occur.

However, it should be said that it is very difficult to accurately predict ovulation. After all, the female body is not an ideal machine. If you don’t want to get pregnant, it’s best not to rely on your own calculations, but to additionally protect yourself with modern means, say, condoms.

Basal temperature

We study further the monthly cycle. The norm and deviations must be known to every woman. Here I also want to talk about how you can independently identify with the phases. To do this, it is enough to trace the graph of basal temperature (as you know, this is a measurement of temperature indicators in the lady's vagina or in the rectum). In the first days after bleeding, the temperature should be kept within 37 ° C. Further, it usually decreases slightly, and then "jumps" by 0.5 ° C and is normally more than 37 ° C. At this indicator, the temperature is kept almost all the time, but a few days before the onset of menstruation, it decreases again. If this did not happen, we can say that the girl became pregnant. If the temperature has not changed at all throughout the cycle, this means that the third phase - ovulation - has not occurred.

About crashes

Modern women very often suffer from such a problem as a violation of the cycle of menstruation. What symptoms can signal this:

1. An increase in the interval between menstruation, its significant fluctuation.
2. Change of days in the cycle (deviation of more than three days in any direction).
3. Profuse or scanty bleeding.
4. The complete absence of menstruation for at least two months (unless, of course, this is a sign of pregnancy).
5. The appearance of bleeding in different phases of the menstrual cycle (not only in the first).
6. The duration of spotting is more than a week or less than three days.

These are the main problems that should alert the lady. In this case, you should definitely consult a gynecologist and find out the causes of these phenomena.

Causes

If a woman has lost her monthly cycle, the reasons for this may be as follows:

1. Weight change - obesity or its sharp loss. Starvation, as well as the consumption of foods harmful to the body and overeating, affects the entire body as a whole, and especially the reproductive function of a lady. Accordingly, for the menstrual cycle.
2. Stress. In this state, the woman actively begins to produce the hormone prolactin, which is able to inhibit ovulation and cause a delay in menstruation.
3. Physical exercise.
4. Acclimatization. If a woman changes her stay belt - from heat to cold or vice versa, the body turns on defenses, which can affect the female cycle.
5. If a lady has lost her monthly cycle, the reason for this may be a hormonal failure (a violation of the production of certain hormones).
6. Women's diseases. The cycle can go astray if a lady has the following problems: inflammation of the uterus, pathologies of her cervix, cysts, polyps of the uterus, her appendages.
7. Taking oral contraceptives. If a woman is just starting to take birth control pills, at first, while the body is adapting, there may be certain failures. However, after a maximum of three months, if the medications are chosen correctly, a clear and normal menstruation cycle will be established.
8. Adolescence and menopause. During these periods, the female cycle may be irregular, which is not an indicator of special problems with the body. For a young girl, the first cycle of menstruation will never be an indicator that menstruation will continue in the same mode.
9. A woman will completely stop menstruating if she becomes pregnant.
10. Huge problems with the cycle will be in case of involuntary or planned abortions.

Diagnostics

If a lady started her period in the middle of the cycle or had any other problem, she should definitely seek medical advice. After all, this can be the cause of quite serious problems with the body. By what indicators will the gynecologist diagnose?

1. Questioning (obtaining complete information about the possible causes of violations).
2. Gynecological examination of the patient.
3. Taking all smears necessary for analysis.
4. Blood and urine tests.

If these procedures did not give complete answers to the questions of interest to the doctor, the lady may be assigned additional studies:

1. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs or abdominal cavity.
2. Hormone tests.
3. MRI - magnetic resonance imaging (determination of pathological changes in tissues, as well as the search for possible neoplasms).
4. Hysteroscopy (examination of the walls of the patient's uterus with a special instrument).

Only a combination of these methods of studying the patient's condition can give a complete picture of the causes of her disease, which will lead to the correct diagnosis and the appointment of competent treatment.

Diseases

Above, it was said a little about what problems can arise with the female menstrual cycle and what diseases develop against this background. However, this is far from a complete list.

1. Hypomenorrhea. This is very scanty spotting.
2. Opsomenorrhea. A significant shortening of the duration of spotting in a lady.
3. Oligomenorrhea. This is an increase in the interval between the spotting of a lady.

All of these issues should cause concern. Every woman should remember that timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease is very important.

Complications

If a woman has lost her cycle (between menstruation, for example, there are different periods of time) or there are other problems with women's health, you should immediately contact a doctor for qualified advice. After all, if the disease is not diagnosed and treated in time, it can lead to serious complications, which will be extremely difficult to cope with. It is worth remembering that later detection of pathologies that cause menstrual irregularities can lead not only to the inability to become pregnant, but even to the death of a young lady.

If a woman has minor menstrual irregularities, you can try to correct the situation without the intervention of doctors. To do this, it is enough to correctly adjust your daily routine and nutrition. That is, you need to exclude all harmful foods from food, pay more attention to the consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as cereals. In sufficient quantities, the lady should also rest: at least seven hours of nightly sleep, work breaks, physical activity and exposure to fresh air - only these nuances can correct the female cycle with minor disruptions.

Doctor's treatment

If the girl still needs to seek medical help, treatment will be prescribed based on the reasons that led to the hormonal failure.

1. If the cause is stress, the patient will be prescribed sedatives.
2. If there are problems with spotting, a woman may be prescribed hemostatic drugs (to eliminate bleeding if menstruation occurs in the middle of the cycle).
3. With heavy bleeding, a lady can be infused with donor blood, plasma.
4. Surgery is possible (including hysterectomy, i.e. removal of the uterus).
5. In some cases, the girl may be prescribed antibiotics (if the cause of the failure is infectious diseases).
6. The most common methods of treatment - the appointment of hormonal drugs to regulate hormonal levels.

H what makes a woman beautiful and light, does not let her grow old? What allows a woman to be a mother? These are hormones, fluctuations in the level of which sometimes depend on our mood, attractiveness, desire and performance. It is about hormones that is described in this Passion.ru article.

The hormonal background of men does not have sharp fluctuations. Hence their purposefulness, reliability, constancy and maximalism.

In women, everything is different: every day of the menstrual cycle, the production of hormones changes. Hence our inconstancy, windiness and suddenness.

Probably, almost every one of us is a “fury” for a couple of days a month. However, mood swings are not the only "natural disaster" that can be foreseen, knowing how cyclic fluctuations in hormonal levels affect our lifestyle.

1 Week

1 day

The first day of the cycle is usually considered the day of the onset of menstrual bleeding. Against the background of a decrease in the concentration of the main "female" hormones (progesterone and estrogen), the rejection of the endometrium begins - a thick layer of the uterine mucosa, "feather bed", prepared by the body in case of a possible pregnancy.

The concentration of prostaglandins, mediators of pain, stimulants of uterine contractility, increases. It is good for the body - the uterus contracts, throwing out the old endometrium, squeezing the bleeding vessels. And for us - one disorder: pain and heaviness in the lower abdomen.

Spasmolytics will help relieve discomfort: “No-shpa”, “Belastezin”, “Papaverine”, “Buscopan”. But it is advisable not to take Aspirin, as this can increase blood loss.

The most “advanced” follicle begins to develop in the ovaries, carrying the egg. Sometimes there are more than one “advanced” ones, and then, after successful fertilization, several babies may appear at once.

2 day

I so want to be beautiful, but today hormones are working against us. As a result of low estrogen production, the activity of the sweat and sebaceous glands increases. You have to spend half a day in the shower, spend more time on your face and fix your makeup more often.

2 weeks

Day 8

It's time to make a beauty plan for the next week. Every day increases the concentration of estrogen in the blood - the main hormone of beauty and femininity. Which means skin, hair, nails and body become the most receptive to all kinds of cosmetic procedures and simply shine with health.

After the depilation carried out these days, the skin remains smooth and tender longer than usual. And the reason for this is not at all the latest formula of the cream after depilation, but a change in the hormonal background.

9, 10, 11 days

There are a few days left before ovulation. Usually the days of the 9th are considered dangerous in terms of conception child. However If you dream of having a baby girl, your time has come!

There is a theory according to which spermatozoa with the X chromosome (determining the female gender of the baby) are able to “wait” for the release of eggs from the ovary in the female genital tract longer than others. Therefore, you have about 4-5 days left. And on the day of ovulation and immediately after it, the opportunity to conceive a boy increases.

day 12

By this day, thoughts about work and everyday difficulties are increasingly moving away, and about love, passion and tenderness - they literally absorb all your consciousness! The main hormones responsible for female sexuality and libido, occupy a leading position.

woman excitability, sensitivity of erogenous zones increases, and even a special smell appears that can attract male attention, like pheromones. Therefore, some experts believe that the use of perfumes these days can even somewhat weaken our attractiveness to the stronger sex.

day 13

The body accumulates the maximum amount of estrogen. This serves as a signal for the production of another hormone - luteinizing, which very quickly reaches its peak concentration and stops the growth of the follicle.

Now it contains a mature egg, ready for ovulation and fertilization.

Day 14

Under the influence of estrogens and luteinizing hormone, the wall of the mature follicle bursts, and the egg is released into the abdominal cavity. In this case, a small amount of blood is poured into the abdominal cavity.

Some women may even feel pain in the lower abdomen on the right or left (depending on which ovary ovulated).

Once in the abdominal cavity, the egg is immediately captured by the fallopian tube and set off on its way to meet the “male principle”.

On the day of ovulation a woman has the highest libido and is able to experience the most vivid sensations from intimacy with her beloved. Sexologists say that if a woman regularly abstains from sex during the days of ovulation (for fear of unwanted pregnancy) and does not experience orgasm, then her libido can steadily decrease over time.

In order to make it easier for sperm to reach the egg, the cervical mucus (mucus plug that closes the entrance to the uterus, protecting against infection) liquefies. Therefore, casual sex on the day of ovulation is fraught not only with unwanted pregnancy, but also with a high risk of getting STIs.

On this day there is a high chance of having twins. If, during ovulation, several eggs are “liberated” at once by women (there is usually a genetic predisposition to this), then with a successful combination of circumstances, all of them can be fertilized.

3 week

day 15

In the ovary, a corpus luteum begins to form in place of the burst follicle. This is a special formation that - regardless of whether fertilization has occurred or not - will diligently prepare the body for pregnancy within 7-8 days.

The corpus luteum begins to produce the hormone progesterone - the main hormone of pregnancy. The goal is to turn an active and carefree girl into a future mother, carefully preserving her pregnancy.

Day 16

Progesterone begins the preparation of the uterine mucosa (endometrium) for egg implantation, and every day the concentration of this hormone increases.

In this phase of the cycle appetite increases, weight gain occurs most quickly. Be especially careful with carbohydrates. As a result of complex hormonal relationships, the body begins to demand more sweets and store them "in reserve" in the form of fat.

day 17

Under the action of progesterone, there is a decrease in the tone of smooth muscles. As a result, peristalsis (wave-like movement) of the intestine slows down. This may lead to bloating and constipation.

Therefore, try to enrich the diet with coarse fiber, fermented milk products.

day 18

In the event of a possible hunger strike, the body stores nutrients with all its might for the future, as a result, fat metabolism also changes. There is an increase in cholesterol and harmful (atherogenic) fats. And their excess not only spoils the figure, but also creates an extra load on the heart and vessels.

Therefore, try to increase the proportion of vegetable fats in your daily diet during this phase of the cycle and avoid gastronomic exploits. In addition, it is useful to eat garlic and red fish, it helps to reduce cholesterol.

day 19

Despite the fact that ovulation has already occurred, during the second phase of the cycle the body still retains a fairly high level of testosterone, which increases our libido. Especially its production is enhanced in the morning.

You can take advantage of this by filling the dawn hours with passion and tenderness.

day 20

By this day, the corpus luteum flourishes. The concentration of progesterone in the blood reaches a peak value. The egg, traveling through the fallopian tube, approaches the uterus. By this time, she is practically incapable of fertilization.

It is believed that relatively safe days for fertilization begin from this day.

21 day

The concentration of luteinizing hormone decreases and the reverse development of the corpus luteum in the ovary begins. The concentration of estrogen and progesterone gradually decreases.

However, the level of progesterone and all its effects will be quite pronounced until the start of the next cycle.

4 week

Day 22

There is a slowdown in metabolism, which is typical for the entire second phase of the menstrual cycle. Progesterone acts as an antidepressant: it has a calming effect, relieves tension, anxiety, and relaxes.

These days we become "impenetrable" for boss reprimands, troubles and other stressful situations.

Day 23

Decreasing estrogen levels and elevated progesterone, possible bowel problems, excessive carbohydrate intake these days - all this is reflected in the face, especially if there is a predisposition to acne.

The activity of the sebaceous glands increases, the pores expand, the processes of keratinization in the skin increase. Therefore, these days you need to pay more attention to diet and proper facial cleansing.

Day 24

Under the action of progesterone, changes occur in the structure of the connective tissue: the ligaments become more extensible, hypermobility appears in the joints. There may be pulling pains in the spine and large joints.

Women receive the greatest number of injuries, especially those associated with sports, on these days. One awkward movement can result in a strain or dislocation, so be careful with yoga, gymnastics and other physical activities.

Day 25

Scientists have proven that these days, a woman has a special smell that makes it clear to a man that there is a forced period of abstinence ahead.

Perhaps this fact is the reason for the synchronization of cycles in several women who live together for a long time.

26, 27, 28 days

Often the most difficult days for a woman and her loved ones. As a result of fluctuating hormone levels, a woman becomes sensitive and vulnerable, at this time she needs sensitive support.

An increase in the level of prostaglandins in the blood the pain threshold decreases, the mammary glands become rough, painful, the picture is supplemented by headache, constant daytime sleepiness, anxiety, lethargy and irritability. Isn't that enough to spoil the mood?!

Experts believe that sex and chocolate can be a wonderful medicine these days. However, with sex, things are more complicated than with chocolate. Before menstruation, the level of all hormones that awaken passion in a woman decreases. According to doctors, in the premenstrual days, a woman's libido tends to zero.

But for some of the fair sex, by the end of the cycle, on the contrary, passion and desire wake up, sensitivity and sharpness of sensations increase. The explanation was found by psychologists. They believe that these days women are not afraid of the thought of a possible pregnancy, which makes sexual fantasies bolder and feelings brighter.

Of course, for every woman, the “hormonal clock” goes differently: for someone they are in a little hurry, shortening the cycle to 20-21 days, for others they slow down a little - up to 30-32 days. The 28-day cycle is only the most common, so it is impossible to create an accurate and universal hormonal calendar. Each woman will have to adapt it for herself.

However, the general patterns of fluctuations in the hormonal background and the associated changes in the body remain. Not knowing these features, we sometimes begin to fight with our own hormones: we sit on the strictest diet when the body is trying to stock up with all its might, forget about the face when it needs the most intense care, or scold ourselves for being too cold with a loved one at a time when our sensuality is on a “forced vacation” .

By making some changes in the habitual way of life, you can make the hormones work like a military force, making us more attractive, cheerful, cheerful and desirable!

The article will tell you how to determine or calculate ovulation at home.

A woman who knows about her ovulation can afford to get pregnant faster or, on the contrary, protect herself from an unplanned pregnancy.

How to calculate ovulation for conception?

You can determine ovulation in the following ways:

• By ultrasound. The procedure will not calculate for you the exact date of the release of the egg, but exactly about the absence or approach of ovulation
• By monthly
• According to basal temperature
• By ovulation test
• According to the well-being and signals of the body

IMPORTANT: Read more about each item below.

How to calculate ovulation by menstruation?

There is a common myth that ovulation occurs on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, i.e. on the 14th day from the beginning of the next menstruation. Such a statement is really a myth, since the day of ovulation directly depends on the length of the menstrual cycle.

The menstrual cycle consists of two phases: the follicular phase and the corpus luteum phase.

More or less has a general duration of the second phase - 12-16 days. As you can see, the average number is really 14. But the countdown is not from the first day of menstruation, but from the last day of the cycle, i.e. days before the next period.

When do you ovulate on a 21 day cycle?

With a cycle of 21 days, ovulation will occur on the 5th - 9th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 23 day cycle?

With a cycle of 23 days, on the 7th - 11th day from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When is ovulation on a 24 day cycle?

With a cycle of 24 days, ovulation will occur on days 8-12 from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 25 day cycle?

With a cycle of 25 days, ovulation will occur on the 9th - 13th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 26 day cycle?

With a cycle of 26 days, ovulation will occur on the 10-14th day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 27 day cycle?

When is ovulation on a 28 day cycle?

With a cycle of 28 days, ovulation will occur on the 12th - 16th day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 29 day cycle?

With a cycle of 29 days, ovulation will occur on the 13th - 17th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 30 day cycle?

With a cycle of 30 days, ovulation will occur on the 14th - 18th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 31 day cycle?

With a cycle of 31 days, ovulation will occur on the 15-19th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 32 day cycle?

With a cycle of 32 days, ovulation will occur on the 16-20th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 33 day cycle?

With a cycle of 33 days, 17 - 21 days from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When is ovulation on a 34 day cycle?

With a cycle of 34 days, ovulation will occur on the 18-22nd day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 35 day cycle?

With a cycle of 35 days, ovulation will occur on the 19-23rd day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 36 day cycle?

With a cycle of 36 days, on the 20th - 24th day from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When do you ovulate on a 37 day cycle?

With a cycle of 37 days, ovulation will occur on the 21st - 25th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 38 day cycle?

With a cycle of 38 days, on the 22nd - 26th day from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When do you ovulate on a 39 day cycle?

With a cycle of 39 days, ovulation will occur on the 23rd - 27th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 40 day cycle?

With a cycle of 40 days, ovulation will occur on the 24-28th day from the first day of menstruation.

IMPORTANT: A woman's body is a delicate matter, so the numbers can, although rarely, vary

How to calculate ovulation with an irregular cycle?

• On monthly you will not be able to calculate the day of ovulation. After all, for the calculation you need to know the length of the cycle, and you cannot know this with an irregular cycle.
• Ovulation test. The first problem with this method is that it is difficult to guess what day to take the test. The second problem is that the test can show a false positive result. This is explained by the fact that the failure of the cycle often speaks of hormonal problems in the body. And if hormones are not produced according to the norms, then the production of the hormone in large quantities than expected can provoke a false test reaction.

• By symptoms. This method also works with an irregular cycle. More information about the method can be found below.

• ultrasound. You can do an ultrasound, but with a cycle of 45 days, you will have to visit a lot of ultrasounds, tracking the dynamics of the growth of the follicle. And it will cost you a lot of money.

• Measuring basal temperature is a fairly effective method for an irregular cycle. But you should first chart your basal temperature for 3 months, marking the exact readings every day. This will allow you to understand what kind of temperature jump occurs during ovulation in your body. Read more about basal temperature during ovulation and conception below and in the article.

How to calculate the ovulation cycle?

To create an ovulation cycle, you should fix the indicators of the duration of the cycle for 6 months. Based on the results, make the following calculations:

• Subtract 11 from the longest cycle
• Subtract 18 from the shortest cycle
• The period between the received days and the weekday is most likely for the onset of ovulation

Example.

The longest cycle was 36 days. Do simple calculations: 36-11=25 days of the cycle.

The shortest cycle was 28 days. 28-18=10th day of the menstrual cycle.

This means that the most likely period for the onset of ovulation and conception in a particular woman is between the 10th and 26th day of the cycle. That is, for her, there are 16 probable days.

Ovulation test

Detailed information about ovulation tests is given in the article.

Basal body temperature during ovulation

Basal temperature indicators are one of the methods for determining the onset of ovulation. But one measurement will not be enough for you, since each woman will have her own indicators:

• In order for the information to be reliable, you need to draw up a graph of basal temperature for the last three months
• You need to measure the temperature every day at the same time (how to measure the basal temperature correctly, read in the next section)
• After 3 months, make a schedule from the first day of the cycle to the last for each month
• During the first phase of the cycle, the basal temperature will be below 37 C
• Then you will see a decrease of several degrees (you may not fix this short period)
• Then there will be a sharp jump
• This will signal the onset of ovulation.
• This temperature is elevated and will remain until the next cycle or will increase when pregnancy occurs.

When the system may crash:

• Woman taking hormonal drugs
• Woman taking other strong medications
• Woman drinking alcohol
• Violations in the body: failure of the hormonal system, women's problems
• Violated the rules for measuring basal temperature (read more about them in the next section of this article)
• climate change

IMPORTANT: If in some month the temperature has not risen above 37 C, do not worry. This can happen 1-2 times a year. This is called an anovulatory cycle, i.e. cycle without ovulation

Signals to see a doctor:

• Anovulatory cycle was more than two times
• Basal temperature rises only towards the end of the cycle, and not during the expected period of ovulation
• The temperature rises and falls throughout the cycle
• If, after the onset of menstruation, the temperature has not returned to the lower levels, but continues to be high

IMPORTANT: All the information provided will be valid only if the basal temperature is measured correctly (read more below)

Measurement of basal temperature to determine ovulation

In order for temperature measurement to be practical, you must observe clearly and rigorously temperature measurement rules:

• Take measurements rectally
• Take your temperature early in the morning while lying in bed. The best time is 7 am
• Use a mercury thermometer
• You should sleep peacefully 5 hours before the measurement
• Put the thermometer next to you so as not to make any body movements. Do not even shake off the thermometer, prepare it in advance
• Take measurements for 5-10 minutes
• Take out the thermometer by holding its tip. Otherwise, you can affect the temperature
• If you are making a schedule, then measurements should be taken at the same time plus or minus a maximum of 30 minutes

Pain before ovulation

Pain before ovulation can be:

• In the chest area
• In the abdomen

Pain in the chest.

Breast pain before ovulation is triggered by a surge of hormones as the body prepares for conception. Pain does not occur often, more often there is discomfort. This is not a reason to go to the doctor, unless they continue for a long time.

Stomach ache.

The pains are concentrated in the region of the ovary, in which the cell matures and leaves. Every month you may feel pain from different sides. The pain doesn't have to be severe. If they are so strong that it is difficult for you to walk or you lose consciousness, consult a doctor immediately. If the pain is mild, tolerable and really only lasts during the ovulation period, then there is nothing to worry about, because this is a normal physiological process.

IMPORTANT: Not every woman feels pain. But if you feel severe pain or fever, headache, vomiting, dizziness, or if the pain continues for a long time, see your doctor.

Discharge before ovulation

The discharge before ovulation increases significantly. This is explained physiologically and should not scare you.

In addition to increasing the amount, you may also notice a change in the consistency of the discharge:

• As a rule, discharge before ovulation has the appearance and texture of raw egg white.
• Color can be white, yellow, pink

IMPORTANT: Discharge cannot be the only sign of ovulation. Compare this feature with other more accurate ones.

How many days does ovulation last?

Ovulation lasts from 12 to 48 hours according to various sources. That is, this is the period when the egg is viable and ready for fertilization.

If you have set yourself the goal of determining when ovulation occurs in your body, then you should choose the most accurate methods, or a combination of less accurate ones.

Video: How to determine the day of ovulation?

In general, even a delay of a week can be reasonable and not always alarming. To date, the female body has been studied so well that, it would seem, there should be no questions about the duration of the menstrual cycle. However, some girls are concerned whether it is normal or not if menstruation begins on the day.

Normal cycle time

In the female body every month there are cyclical transformations. The first days he prepares for a future pregnancy, the next days he tries to save it or to reject an unused layer of the endometrium in order to start a new stage. Conventionally, the cycle is divided into 2 parts. In the middle, this is 1-2 days, ovulation occurs. The egg leaves the follicle in search of sperm.

The reproductive system works according to certain standards. That is, it takes 10 to 15 days for the maturation of the egg. The rate of maturation may differ in each cycle, depending on internal, external factors. Under the same conditions of a woman's life, the lability of the psycho-emotional background, the egg leaves the follicle at regular intervals. For example, every month on the 11th day of the cycle. Ovulation lasts from 12 hours to 24. From day 13, the second phase begins, which also lasts 10 days. It is considered normal if menstruation occurs the day after ovulation. Summing up simple calculations, you can see that a duration of 22 days is considered normal.

Reasons for deviations

The female body is constantly under the influence of internal and external factors. Under their influence, the hormonal background changes, which is responsible for all the transformations associated with the menstrual cycle, menstruation, pregnancy. Failures for 7 days or more in a larger, smaller direction are already considered a pathology, it is necessary to understand the reasons. Cycle disruption factors are:

1. Stress, nervous tension;
2. Viral diseases, acute respiratory infections, diseases of internal organs;
3. Taking medications;
4. Means of contraception;
5. Hormonal pills;
6. Diseases of the central nervous system;
7. Pathology of the thyroid gland;
8. Heavy physical labor;
9. Gynecological diseases;
10. Change of climatic conditions, time zone;
11. Changes in sexual life;
12. Pregnancy;
13. abortion;
14. Overweight, excessive thinness.

There are a huge number of factors for menstrual irregularities, the reason is one - a change in hormonal levels. In most cases, specialists solve the problem with irregular monthly use of hormonal drugs. With the help of tablets, the cycle is adjusted to certain limits. 22 days a woman takes pills, then takes a break for a week. Menstruation begins the next day after taking the last pill, or every other day.

Reduced cycle on Duphaston

The active substance of the drug is a synthetic analogue of the natural male hormone - progesterone. Its deficiency in the second phase of the cycle leads to a delay in menstruation, a violation of the cycle, a change in the nature of menstrual flow. To compensate for the lack of hormones, the drug is prescribed pomg per day from the second phase. The duration of therapy depends on the cause of the lack of a natural hormone in the female body. As a rule, it lasts 3-6 months.

Duphaston does not suppress ovulation, does not affect the development of the egg, the level of estrogen. All processes in the first phase occur without changes. Duphaston is taken immediately after ovulation to regulate natural functions. Under the influence of tablets, the endometrial layer is loosened, the uterus is preparing for rejection, blood arrives at the pelvic organs. After 10 days of treatment, take a break. The level of progesterone drops sharply, menstruation begins.

If a woman ovulates on day 11, she takes pills for 10 days, the appearance of menstruation on the day of the cycle is quite normal. But, there is a situation when, under the influence of Duphaston, the cycle is shortened even more. For example, after taking 5 tablets, menstruation begins. In this case, the treatment is stopped, the situation indicates that the hormone deficiency has replenished very quickly. There is no point in continuing further treatment. In most cases, Duphaston is taken to induce menstruation, which regulates the duration of the menstrual cycle. It is necessary to take tablets under the supervision of a specialist.

Menstruation cycle on Utrozhestan

The drug is an analogue of Duphaston, is a synthetic analogue of natural progesterone. It is prescribed for violations of the hormonal cycle associated with a deficiency of hormones of the second phase, miscarriage, and also with too much estrogen. Active ingredients affect the production of estrogen, regulate the natural processes of reproductive functions in the first, second phase. The standard scheme for taking tablets from the 16th to the 26th day of the menstrual cycle with a deviation of 1 day.

It is quite natural that under the influence of a hormonal drug, the duration of the menstrual cycle changes. If menstruation goes on, there is nothing strange in this, on the contrary, you can calm down. The course of therapy is regulated by a specialist, depending on the cause of the hormonal imbalance, ranging from 3 months to six months.

Can there be a pregnancy put on a cycle

Pregnancy is possible only when ovulation occurs. Therefore, its onset depends on the day the egg is released from the follicle. With a disturbed menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs on different days - earlier or later than the established period. Pregnancy don cycle is possible. In the absence of menstruation these days, we can assume that conception has occurred, the pregnancy is developing safely. If uncharacteristic bleeding opens, there is pain in the lower abdomen, in the lower back, weakness, deterioration of health, it is necessary to consult a specialist. Abundant periods can be the cause of an ectopic pregnancy or premature miscarriage. If in the second case the body is able to cleanse itself on its own, with an ectopic pregnancy, the situation threatens with serious complications, death from internal hemorrhage.

A woman feels the signs of pregnancy even before the test shows a positive result. Changes in well-being begin after the attachment of a fertilized egg to the walls of the uterus. It takes approximately 7 days after the encounter with the spermatozoon. Women who are attentive to their body notice changes immediately, but do not attach much importance to them. The situation is complicated by the fact that these signs are similar to the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome. Therefore, the presence of 2 strips on the test is considered a clear symptom. However, the result can be considered reliable if there is a delay of at least 7 days. That is, it makes no sense to conduct a test on the 22nd day of the cycle.

As for the question - is it possible to get pregnant on the day of the cycle, theoretically - no. Practically - yes, given the complexity of the female body, the instability of the monthly cycle. Modern gynecologists say that there are no safe days in the cycle. Conception is possible even on critical days. Sex must be safe.

Note! If menstruation comes on the day of the cycle, you can not worry about anything, enjoy life, good health. With the reduction of the menstrual cycle under the influence of hormonal drugs, after the end of therapy, the menstrual cycle will gradually become the same as it was before. A deviation of 7 days in one direction or the other is not considered a pathology.

WHAT TO DO IF YOU HAVE FIBROUS, CYST, INFERTILITY OR OTHER DISEASE?

• You suffer from sudden pains in your abdomen.
• And long, chaotic and painful periods are already pretty tired.
• You don't have enough endometrium to get pregnant.
• Brown, green, or yellow discharge.
• And the recommended medicines for some reason are not effective in your case.
• In addition, constant weakness and ailments have already firmly entered your life.

An effective remedy for the treatment of endometriosis, cysts, fibroids, unstable menstrual cycles and other gynecological diseases exists. Follow the link and find out what the chief gynecologist of Russia recommends to you

Can menstruation start three weeks after the previous one

The duration and regularity of the menstrual cycle is the main indicator of women's health. During the menstrual cycle, the egg matures and the uterus prepares to receive the fetus. In the body of a woman, certain hormonal changes occur, subject to a strict schedule.

Normal menstrual cycle

A normal menstrual cycle is 28 days. Deviations of seven days in one direction or the other are also considered the norm. Therefore, to the question: can menstruation begin three weeks after the previous one, that is, after 21 days, the answer is yes, it can. There are no medical violations of this.

It should be noted that the duration of the cycle is very individual. Heredity, metabolic processes, even climatic conditions play a role.

With age, the menstrual cycle shortens, so you should pay attention if the cycle is less than 23 days before the age of 40 years. Of course, provided that before that the duration of the cycle was longer.

Short menstrual cycle

We have already answered the question of whether menstruation can begin early, for example, three weeks after the previous menstruation. But if the menstrual cycle was longer and suddenly reduced to three weeks, this should be paid attention to. Consult a gynecologist.

The diagnosis can only be made after careful research. The cause of a short menstrual cycle may be a violation of the functions of the ovaries.

The shortening of the menstrual cycle indicates a decrease in the ability to become pregnant. But after therapeutic treatment, the normal menstrual cycle is restored.

Menstrual bleeding in the middle of the cycle

For a short menstrual cycle, menstrual bleeding in the middle of the cycle can be taken. Such bleeding lasts only 2-3 days, they are insignificant and are not accompanied by any other symptoms of menstrual bleeding.

Cycle disorders can be caused by various reasons, but there are symptoms for which you need to go to the doctor.

If the cycle was regular and one-time started earlier, then you should not worry. But if frequent bleeding occurs frequently, then go to the doctor.

Menstrual cycle in women

There are many mysteries in the female body. The menstrual cycle, which occurs every month, can cause dislike for many. The reason for this is that few people understand its necessity and essence. But the beginning of the menstrual cycle makes it possible to conceive a child. If conception does not occur, then menstruation begins - rejection of the endometrium, the inner layer of the uterus. After four days, the woman's hormonal system resumes work, the menstrual cycle begins again.

The normal menstrual cycle is a physiological change that occurs in the female body and affects the reproductive system (vagina, ovaries and uterus). True, in fact, changes occur in most internal organs, since their meaning lies in the complete preparation of the body for conception. This process is controlled by hormones produced in the ovaries and the brain. The external manifestation of the cycle is bleeding from the genital tract - menstruation.

Every girl should know how to count the menstrual cycle. But what is the right way to do it? There is a generally accepted formula: the cycle begins on the first day of menstruation, and ends on the last day before the start of a new period. During this time, changes occur in the ovaries and uterus, aimed at the maturation of the egg, which will allow you to conceive a child.

Each person has an individual organism, so the menstrual cycle of a woman in each case can proceed differently. You should not focus on colleagues or girlfriends, because the duration directly depends on the health of the woman, her hormonal levels, the presence of physical exertion and stress. As a result, it is very difficult to fit everyone into a common framework.

Length of the menstrual cycle

Each woman's calendar can be individual, but obstetrician-gynecologists have come to the conclusion that the period of the menstrual cycle should be 28 +/- 7 days. In other words, no less than 21 days and no more than 35 days. In addition, it should be a regular menstrual cycle. If the duration of one cycle was 23 days, and the second menstrual cycle was 28 days, then this option is not the norm. In this case, you should visit a gynecologist to identify problems.

The duration of the menstrual cycle can vary by one or two days, but no more. This is within the normal range, since various factors can affect ovulation: viral diseases, stress, acclimatization, long distance travel. After the completion of ovulation, 12 to 16 days should pass, after which menstruation will come.

The correct menstrual cycle involves spotting from 3 to 7 days, while the total amount of discharge should not be more than 80 ml. If the duration of bleeding is higher, then you should immediately consult a doctor. It is also not considered normal if the cycle changes, before the bleeding was three days, and then became more intense and their duration increased to 6 or more days.

Girls in adolescence may have an irregular cycle, this phenomenon is within the normal range and does not require special treatment. While the hormonal background is being formed, slight deviations from a clear schedule are possible. The menstrual cycle in adolescents is formed over several years, but even in such a period of time there is a possibility of pregnancy.

Phases of the menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle in women is divided into certain phases, which every representative of the weaker sex should know about. There are two phases. They are called as follows:

• follicular (proliferative, follicular);
• luteal (secretory, corpus luteum phase).

The first phase is the first day of the menstrual cycle. With the help of hormones, the cycle itself and its regularity are carried out. In the pituitary gland located in the brain, FSH is produced, under its influence the endometrium begins to recover over time, and after menstruation, it increases. FSH also stimulates the maturation of the domainial follicle in the ovary. The middle of the cycle is the beginning of ovulation, which characterizes the release of a mature egg from the follicle into the fallopian tube.

The second phase of the menstrual cycle begins at the time of ovulation. During this period of time, LH (luteinizing hormone) is actively formed in the pituitary gland. With its help, the formation of a corpus luteum occurs at the site of previously bursting follicles. It is with the help of progesterone that the corpus luteum is produced. It also promotes the beginning of endometrial proliferation (proliferation of blood vessels, resulting in an increase in blood circulation in the upper layer of the uterus). In the event that fertilization occurs during this period of time, then the egg is attached to the uterus. At the same time, the menstrual cycle also ends and pregnancy occurs. If conception did not happen, then the day after ovulation, the body “understands” this. There is a decrease in the amount of LH and progesterone, which leads to the onset of the next menstruation.

Violation of the menstrual cycle - causes of failure

Today it is difficult to find a woman who has not had a cycle disorder at least once. Such a shift in the form of delays, both short and long, or manifested in the form of a shortened cycle, is extremely harmful to the female body, because the failure of the menstrual cycle reflects the physical and mental state of the woman.

What are the reasons for the violation? In fact, they are very diverse and numerous, while they can be conditionally divided into three categories.

The first can be attributed to external factors, in other words, the physical impact on the menstrual cycle. In this case, we are talking about the impact of etiological factors on the first level of regulation of the cycle - the cerebral cortex of the head:

• nervous exhaustion;
• changing of the climate;
• prolonged constant stress;
• warehouse of character;
• dietary changes and so on.

The second group, in which the menstrual cycle is disturbed, can be attributed to various pathological conditions, but only in the field of the reproductive system, as well as the female body as a whole.

The third group can be attributed to the impact of medications, both when they are taken, and in case of cancellation. These may include anticoagulants, glucocorticoids, hormonal contraceptive pills, antiplatelet agents, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants.

Irregular periods in teenagers

It happens that the menstrual cycle is disturbed in adolescence, and this phenomenon is quite common. This is due to a number of physiological reasons. In other words, the hormonal background has not yet been established and the duration of not only the cycle, but also the menstruation itself can be different each time. The restoration of the menstrual cycle in this case can take from one to two years.

Pathological factors contributing to an irregular menstrual cycle include:

• infectious lesions of the brain of the head and its membranes;
• traumatic brain injury;
• susceptibility to colds;
• obesity;
• vegetative-vascular dystonia;
• sclerocystic ovaries and genital infections.

The normalization of the menstrual cycle in women of childbearing age is approximately similar to the process of restoring the cycle in adolescents. When bleeding occurs, no matter how severe it is, it is necessary to carry out curettage for diagnostic purposes, both for the purpose of treatment (surgical hemostasis), and to identify the cause of such a phenomenon.

After the histological conclusion has been made, the treatment of the menstrual cycle may also include the use of hormones:

• oral combined contraceptives may be prescribed according to the generally accepted scheme;
• if an inferior second (luteal) phase is detected, progesterone analogues Utrozhestan or Duphaston are prescribed in the second half of the cycle or Norkolut or 17-OPK;
• it is mandatory to carry out the replenishment of the blood that circulates (colloidal solutions), symptomatic hemostasis, as well as antianemic therapy;
• in the event that the violation of the menstrual cycle, the treatment of which was carried out by scraping, did not give the desired results, then the question is raised about burning the endometrium or hysterectomy.

It is also necessary to treat various existing concomitant diseases, as a result of which the menstrual cycle has gone astray (hypertension - fluid and salt restriction, prescription of antihypertensive drugs, liver pathology - taking hepatoprotectors, adherence to therapeutic nutrition).

It is imperative to know how to restore the menstrual cycle, because its failure can cause infertility. That is why, in order for a long-awaited pregnancy to occur, doctors often prescribe a woman taking complex preparations of choriogonin and pergonal (stimulating the development of follicular activity), as well as a drug called clomiphene (allows you to stimulate ovulation).

Menstrual cycle and discharge

The female menstrual cycle, during which the discharge may change, is characterized by a large number of various changes that occur in the body, which have their own manifestations. In the cycle of a woman, the discharge also changes, obeying the biological rhythm, on some days they can intensify, while on others, on the contrary, they almost completely disappear. By their nature, you can even calculate the days that will be optimal for conceiving a baby.

A new cycle begins with copious bleeding. To say that menstruation comes between cycles is actually absolutely not correct, since the first day of menstruation, in fact, is the beginning of a new cycle. During menstruation, the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus, is shed, which comes out with the blood. In most cases, the duration of normal periods is three to seven days, with an average of four days.

In the first days, not too heavy bleeding is observed, its intensification occurs on the second day, after which it may already decline, while in the last 1-2 days of menstruation a brown daub is possible. On different days throughout the cycle, the discharge gradually changes, while all the changes are aimed at the successful onset of pregnancy.

Pay attention to how this happens to you, knowing about your own characteristics, you will be able to see possible deviations from the norm, you will be able to determine the ideal days for conception, such knowledge in relation to your body will certainly be useful to you. The female reproductive system, in its scheme, resembles a well-oiled clockwork, but this is taking into account the norm. If you notice any deviations or malfunctions in its work, then you need to consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Basal temperature from A to Z

BeTashka is your assistant in pregnancy planning

Menstruation on the 23rd day of the cycle?

Good afternoon everyone!! Tell me, M came to me late last night. And this is at DC 23! By the way, I had O (by feeling) at 14-15 DC. I led a normal life, the climate did not change, there were no stressful situations, I did not take pills ... What does it all mean?

1.3. can't you write without abbreviation? Anika. (-thirty)

Read comments 22:

This is normal for me, on the 23-28 DC, menstruation can come.

But, I have a norm (if you can call it that) 30-35DC.

Allusya, and such a long second phase?

Somehow it was at 22dts., waiting for me is very early, because. About byvet on 23-31dts. And your feelings can deceive, maybe it was just an anovular cycle.

The second phase is already normal for me 12-14 days, O I usually have it at 16-19 DC

Girls! Spring is in the yard, hormones are roaming))

I had this once, they came on the 20th day. At first the doctor said, there are failures. But after this incident, I began to get better, my hair began to fall out and the cycle finally went astray, it has never been the same in the last six months. Mastodinone was prescribed first in combination with other drugs, then duphaston. Here I’ll drink duphaston, they said to start Yarina for 2 months.

It's better than M at 43..

Stanumamoi, that's for sure, that's how I reasoned then and even rejoiced

I can’t say that the cycle was anovular, I have been controlling O for a very long time and I already know on what day it occurs and what are the symptoms.

Nastya, how are you?

Stanumamoi, tomorrow I'm going for an ultrasound, my G is still missing, I'll run right away to another doctor. I think this cycle without O for sure, the tests are ghosts, the lower abdomen has been hurting since Monday. I think all the same I have nightmares there in the form of enlarged ovaries, I hope the doctor will prescribe adequate treatment.

Sorry for off topic

Girls, if I understood you correctly, then this is another aspect and variety of my body, and this can be, right?

Allusya, yes, don’t worry, this happens and 23 is not so little. Tune in for a new cycle, everything will be fine

Nastya, yes, go for sure, enlarged I's not normal. Allusya, a woman is not a robot, she has failures, everything will work out by itself, don't worry ahead of time

Or maybe it's not M.

Allusya, most likely M, how do you go with the pieces?

No, scanty and no pain, normal color (scarlet)

Hi! I just do the last cycles were 20-23 days, although before that 30-35. But today 52 seems to be a day, but still nothing ... I call duphaston ... So, hormones, hormones ... I hope that everything will work out. Everything is fine on the ultrasound. This cycle is anovulatory. That's how it happens. It's OK. But a new cycle has begun. As the saying goes: “To a new cycle with a new hope. "Good luck. and of course health.

And I generally start smearing on the 15th day of the cycle and for 5 days already. I don't know what to think

Menstrual cycle: a general concept of its norm, regularity, failures and violations. The period of the menstrual cycle and its main phases. The degree of profusion and pain during menstruation

What is this article about and how to use the information received?

1. Young girls who have just started menstruating and know little about it;
2. Adult women who are concerned about the nature of their menstrual cycle, who want to know how correctly everything is going on in their body;
3. Adult women of any age, if there have been some changes in their menstrual cycle;
4. Adult women, in case of unusual vaginal discharge;
5. Pregnant women, when menstruation occurs during pregnancy (at any time).

What is menstruation? Why and why is this happening?

How does menstruation happen? Where does the blood come from?

Bleeding during menstruation occurs as a result of exfoliation of the mucous membrane of the female uterus. In medical language, this membrane is called the endometrium.

Like any tissue of the human body (nails, adipose tissue, hair), the endometrium is able to change: grow and thicken. And such his ability depends, directly, on the concentration of sex hormones in the blood of a woman.

So, if the concentration of hormones increases, in this case the endometrium grows very quickly, it thickens and actively sprouts blood vessels.

What is the menstrual cycle?

Which menstrual cycle is considered normal?

Once a month, a woman's uterus prepares a kind of bedding (endometrial layer) for a fertilized egg (if the fertilization process occurs, of course). If the fertilized egg does not enter the uterus, the endometrium is rejected by the uterus. Menstruation is coming. This process begins, normally, in adolescence and lasts up to about 50 years.

The normal duration of the menstrual cycle is considered to be from 20 to 45 days. As an average, 28 days is often used. A cycle of 28 calendar days is actually present in only 15% of women.

1. In adolescence, the cycle is usually longer and reaches 45 days. Gradually, after a few years, it is established;
2. As a rule, the most regular cycle occurs in women aged 25 - 35 years. The cycle lasts, usually 21 - 35 days;
3. Women in their 40s and 42s are getting shorter and less regular cycles. Menses themselves become longer, lose their predictability.

A menstrual cycle of less than 20 days is considered too short, and a cycle in the range of 45 to 90 days is considered too long. The absence of menstruation for more than 90 days is considered a serious pathology and is called amenorrhea. Therefore, with any deviation of your menstrual cycle from the norm (less than 20 days and more than 45 days), you need to contact a gynecologist.

Phases of the menstrual cycle

1. Directly menstruation;
2. Follicular phase;
3. Luteal (premenstrual) phase.

The first phase - directly menstruation

Spasmodic pain can be expressed in mild, moderate and acute forms. Such spasms are uterine contractions, with the help of which the body helps the endometrium to be torn away from the walls of the uterus.

Follicular phase

premenstrual phase

• light bleeding (spotting);
• Drawing pains in the lower abdomen;
• General discomfort;
• Weakness and fatigue.

All these signs are considered normal and do not indicate any diseases.

Symptoms of the premenstrual phase

It is during the luteal (premenstrual) phase that many women experience certain symptoms:

• Nervous tension;
• Excessive emotionality;
• Tearfulness;
• Anger;
• Increase in body weight;
• Heaviness in the abdomen;
• Bloating
• constipation;
• Acne on the face;
• Excessive fat formation on the skin;
• Increased sensitivity of the breast;
• Breast swelling.

Approximately back before the onset of menstruation, pain and cramps in the back, legs, and lower abdomen may appear. Often a woman these days is accompanied by muscle weakness, lack of vitality and a bad mood. There is a category of women in whom such symptoms are very pronounced. During these last days of the cycle, they may also experience headaches, diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, and even blackouts.

Women's menstrual cycle and reproductive health

1. In the ovary, a follicle with an egg matures under the influence of sex hormones;
2. During the first 2 weeks before the next menstruation (follicular phase of the cycle), the egg leaves the follicle and goes into the fallopian tube;
3. Through the tube, the egg moves towards the spermatozoon, meets it. The result is fertilization;
4. The fertilized egg returns to the uterus, attaches to its wall and implants into the endometrium;
5. Now there is a development of pregnancy - the continuation of cell division of the embryo itself.

This is the main meaning of the menstrual cycle of a woman. The result is pregnancy and, as a result, menstruation stops.

Why does a woman need to menstruate?

The main purpose of menstruation is to prepare the female body for pregnancy.

In fact, a woman's body (relative to purity) is absolutely no different from a man's. In addition, the cavity of the female uterus (and it is from it that blood is secreted) is an organ of almost sterile purity.

1. In our brain there is a certain area - the hypothalamus. It controls the work of absolutely all our internal organs. It is on these days that he begins to produce a special hormone - gonadoliberin;
2. Then this hormone begins to penetrate the pituitary gland (another area of ​​​​the brain), provokes the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH or follitropin);
3. FSH enters the bloodstream and stimulates the ovaries to produce a follicle with an egg;
4. When the follicle begins to grow, the egg matures and another hormone, estrogen, is produced;
5. It is under the influence of the hormone estrogen that the uterine mucosa begins to actively grow and thicken;
6. A few weeks after menstruation, the pituitary gland reduces the production of FSH and actively begins to produce another hormone - luteinizing (LH). The concentration of estrogen in the blood drops sharply;
7. At this moment, the largest follicle bursts, the egg from it begins to exit the ovary into the fallopian tube. It is here that she awaits fertilization. This process (egg release) is called ovulation;
8. A few days after ovulation, the production of a new hormone, progesterone, begins. If estrogen helps the uterus to thicken, then progesterone strengthens it. There are certain structural changes in the uterus, so that it can bear a fetus.

Now events develop differently, depending on whether pregnancy has occurred or not.

Normal menstruation. What should she be? Possible violations

• Periodicity;
• duration;
• The amount of bleeding.

Any of these signs can vary significantly from woman to woman. And, usually, such deviations are considered normal. However, there are certain limits to such deviations. Now we will talk about what characteristics of menstruation are the norm and what to do if you experience some deviations from this norm.

When should the first menstruation appear?

The first menstruation in a girl is called menarche in medicine. Usually, it appears at the age of 12 - 13 years. During the first months (up to the 1st calendar year) after the appearance, there may be some instability in the timing of the onset of menstruation. Menstruation can last in different ways: one month - 3 days, the other - 6 or more. There can be long breaks between periods (more than a month, sometimes - 2 - 3 months).

As the girl grows older, the nature of menstruation gradually stabilizes. They become more regular, deviations from the schedule become insignificant (2-5 days earlier or later than the previous periods). Therefore, such a situation should not cause concern.

How should a woman normally feel before menstruation?

1. Pulling, dull (mild) pain in the lower abdomen and lower back;
2. Tingling and slight pain when pressing on the chest;
3. Tension and swelling of the chest;
4. Increased sensitivity of the nipples;
5. headache, fatigue and irritability;
6. Aching pain in the joints and muscles;
7. Slight chills (as a result of a slight decrease in body temperature).

Please note that normally these symptoms are so mild that they should not cause serious discomfort to the woman. A healthy woman, in principle, may practically not feel such signs at all, or simply ignore them. Healthy women who are not overly concerned about their menstrual cycle tend to forget when they should have their period altogether. They practically do not feel the listed symptoms, since they do not interfere with women to live a full life. And then they are often surprised by the onset of menstruation at the most unexpected moment.

How many days does a normal period last, and how does it happen?

The normal duration of menstruation is 2 - 7 days. How exactly the period of menstruation proceeds depends on a number of factors, and therefore differs for each individual woman.

Again plentiful they become on the 4th day. But on the 5th day of menstruation, the blood completely ceases to stand out.

Degrees of profuse menstruation

• Filling a pad or tampon in 1 to 2 hours or less;
• Inability to spend one night with a night-type pad (wide, long and highly absorbent), bleeding on bed linen.

If such cases are extremely rare, it is not scary. But regular violations in the form of the duration of menstruation for more than 7 days and their increased profusion is considered a pathology. This disorder is called menorrhagia. This can be a sign of various diseases. These include various gynecological diseases and serious bleeding disorders.

What disorders are evidenced by abundant and strong menstruation?

Therefore, you should not joke in such a situation, but you should immediately seek advice from a gynecologist. The doctor will conduct a gynecological examination, which includes the following manipulations:

In addition, you need to consult a hematologist. He will definitely conduct a blood test, which includes:

To establish a diagnosis, a gynecologist and a hematologist need to have as much information about your health as possible.

1. Prolonged and profuse menstruation occurs from childhood (from the beginning of the first menstruation);
2. Have or have had regular bleeding gums
3. Nosebleeds occur regularly;
4. Rare nosebleeds (however, they last more than 10 minutes);
5. Frequent bruising on the body (no bruises);
6. There are cases of blood clotting disorders in the family;
7. Any cut (even a small one) bleeds for longer than 5 minutes;
8. After tooth extraction, bleeding takes a long time;
9. In the past, there was heavy bleeding after surgery;
10. In the past, there was bleeding (operation, trauma), as a result of which a blood transfusion had to be performed;
11. Heavy bleeding after an abortion or childbirth;
12. Bleeding that began a day or more after childbirth (abortion).

The specified list of violations usually indicates the presence of a problem with blood clotting in a person.

Is it normal to have stomach pain during menstruation? What to do if the pain is very strong?

Despite the fact that menstruation is a normal physiological process, speaking primarily about the reproductive health of a woman, for many of them this period seems to be a difficult test. And not because blood is released, but because these days a woman is accompanied by pain in the abdomen and lower back. And this is a normal phenomenon, since the process of uterine contraction is always accompanied by some pain.

It is experienced by the vast majority of women.

What could be the pain?

During menstruation, pain affects the lower abdomen, is felt in the depths of the pelvis (a feeling of pressure, pulling, aching) and in the lower back. The nature of the pain can be constant or throbbing. So, normally, pain may appear some time before the onset of menstruation and should disappear along with spotting.

Severe pain as a symptom of the disease

The presence of such signs, unequivocally, serves as a reason for an immediate appeal to a gynecologist. What this threatens, we will consider below.

Pain during menstruation. When should you see a doctor?

In addition, you need to pay attention to the changes that have been happening to you lately.

1. Menstruation became more painful than before;
2. Pain in the lower abdomen is very severe (you are constantly taking painkillers);
3. In addition to pain, the discharge itself has become more abundant (one pad is enough for you for less than 2 hours);
4. Along with pain, other disorders occur (weight loss, cycle disorder, inability to conceive).

How to relieve pain?

As we have said, the presence of some pain during menstruation is normal.

1. Sleep well these days. But just lying around all day is not an option. Staying still, on the contrary, worsens the condition;
2. Transfer complex mental and physical stress to the period when menstruation ends;
3. These days you need to move more, walk, play sports. Only heavy physical activity should be excluded. Yoga or Pilates would be ideal;
4. Sex and masturbation can alleviate the pain (thus, the muscle tension of the uterus decreases);
5. If the pain is severe, you can take an anesthetic (aspirin, analgin, paracetamol, naproxen). It must be remembered that girls under 16 years of age should not take aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid).

If menstrual pains are constant, every month, and if your doctor does not see any abnormalities in health, he may prescribe prophylactic drugs. They will help reduce pain during the onset of critical days.

period of the menstrual cycle. How regular should it be?

Violations and failure of the stable cycle. What can delayed menstruation mean?

If the violations in the cycle are insignificant, or they are of a single nature, there is no reason for concern. But frequent and prolonged delays in menstruation, as well as its irregular nature, may indicate many gynecological diseases. The unpredictable onset of menstruation, frequent delays should be the reason for an immediate visit to the doctor.

If a delay occurred in a woman whose cycle was previously stable, this may indicate the following changes:

• Pregnancy;
• The result of exposure to certain factors (stress, nervous strain, diet);
• Disease.

The normal state of a woman after menstruation

1. Weak pain in the lower back, lower abdomen and side;
2. Weak headache, tightness of the nipples, slight tingling in the chest;
3. Slight chest pain on pressure;
4. Weak spotting (spotting). Their color can be brown, pink, yellow or transparent.

If, at the end of menstruation, pronounced pain is felt in the abdomen or lower back, you should immediately see a gynecologist. If the discharge described above does not go away on the 3rd - 4th day after the end of menstruation, this can also be a signal of the disease. Especially if, along with this, other symptoms appeared (fever, itching of the genital organs, redness, rash, etc.).

In what cases is it necessary to urgently consult a doctor?

• Severe abdominal pain;
• Paleness, dizziness, severe weakness;
• Temperature increase.

It does not matter how abundant the discharge is. In addition, you should immediately consult a doctor if spotting occurs during pregnancy (at any time).

Menstrual cycle: norm, failures, violations

The female body is a great mystery! And like inexplicable events in nature, changes in the phases of the moon change the life of a woman. Many scientists have noticed that the cyclical nature of the celestial body is reflected in the girl's menstrual cycle. But sometimes there are storms, and a woman’s health is amenable to changes from the outside and disturbances occur in the body that can bring a lot of inconvenience to a woman’s life, and most importantly, deprive her of the opportunity to feel the joy of motherhood!

Let's see what is a normal menstrual cycle

This is a cyclic, monthly period in the life of every healthy woman, except for the period of pregnancy and lactation, starting from the first day of bleeding (menstruation) and until the first day of the next period. Normally, this period ranges from 21 to 35 days, plus or minus 3 days. If the cycle is shorter or longer, then we can already talk about pathology and sound the alarm. The menstrual cycle plays a huge role in a woman's reproductive function and is necessary for the ability to fertilize, bear children and have children.

A girl becomes a girl with the onset of her first period (menarche), which usually begins at 11–14 years of age. They may be irregular at first, but after a couple of years the cycle sets in. And throughout life it is stable, up to the period of premenopause, somewhere around the age of 40-50.

From birth, a girl has up to 2 million follicles in the ovaries, by the beginning of the menarche there are up to 400 thousand of them. One menstrual cycle “uses” one maturing follicle to release an egg from it.

Normal cyclic changes in women have a two-phase cycle and are clearly controlled by the hormonal mechanism of influence of the endocrine glands.

Normal parameters of the menstrual cycle:

• The duration of the cycle is from 21 to 35 days. On average 28 days.
• The duration of menstruation is from 2 to 7 days. On average 5 days.
• Conditional blood loss from 40 to 60 ml. On average 50 ml.

Cycle phases

• The first phase, or folliculin. During this period, the growth and maturation of the follicle in the ovaries occurs under the influence of the hormones of the pituitary and hypothalamus (follicle-stimulating or FSH). From the mature follicle during the period of ovulation (middle of the menstrual cycle), an egg is released, ready for fertilization.
• The second phase, or luteal. In this phase, again under the action of brain hormones (luteinizing hormone or LH), the corpus luteum matures, releasing the follicle egg. If, nevertheless, pregnancy occurs at ovulation, then the corpus luteum of pregnancy is formed from this follicle, producing progesterone up to 16 weeks, a high level of which contributes to the preservation of pregnancy. And at 16 weeks, the placenta takes over this function.

In parallel with the ovaries, the endometrium in the uterus is also subjected to cyclic hormonal influence.

The endometrium, as you know, consists of several layers, the surface layers are represented by functional and intermediate layers. The basal layer is not torn off during menstruation, but ensures the restoration of torn layers. Intermediate, but, being rejected, comes out in the form of menstruation.

There are cyclic changes in the endometrium in the form of the following phases:

• Proliferation (follicular phase). The active hormone in this phase is estrogen. It lasts from the 5th day of the cycle for 12-14 days. During this period, the surface layer of the endometrium grows with tubular glands up to 8 mm thick.
• Secretion (luteal phase). In this phase, the level of both progesterone and estrogen rises, it lasts about 14 days. During this period, the tubular glands begin to produce a secret, the peak of which is reached on the 21st day of the cycle. The blood flow to the arteries of the endometrium increases on the 22nd day of the cycle, favorable conditions are created for the implantation of the zygote.
• Menstruation. When pregnancy does not occur, due to the low amount of hormones produced by the ovary, blood supply to the endometrium decreases, blood clots and spasms form in the vessels, and then their sharp expansion leads to rejection of the endometrium. This is observed by the 24-27th day of the cycle. The very same menstruation consists of the following phases:

1. Desquamation (rejection of the functional layer).
2. Regeneration (healing of the functional layer). This phase begins immediately after shedding of the intermediate layer of the endometrium. The basis for this, as mentioned above, is the basal layer. And on the 4th day, epithelialization of the entire surface of the endometrium occurs after its rejection.

The continuous cyclical process of friendly reproductive organs - glands, ovaries and endometrium, throughout the entire menstrual cycle, contributes to maturation, the release of the egg from the ovary and its fertilization, attachment to the already prepared endometrium (due to the two-phase cycle) and the further development and maintenance of pregnancy to a greater extent by ovarian hormones . If fertilization does not occur, then the functional layer (necessary at the onset of pregnancy for the embryo to attach to it and ensure its vital activity) is rejected in the form of menstruation.

The process of regulation of the cyclic process is carried out by the neuroendocrine system through direct and feedback hormones, that is, with a decrease in some hormones, others increase and vice versa. The following hierarchy of levels of regulation of the menstrual cycle is distinguished:

1. The first level is the cerebral cortex, the limbic system, the hippocampus and the amygdala. The influence of the highest level depends on its initial state, the action of external factors. Therefore, menstrual disorders often depend on the mental state of the woman, and sometimes you can observe a delay in menstruation after stress.
2. The second level is the hypothalamus. It is influenced by the feedback principle of sex hormones coming from the blood.
3. The third level is the anterior pituitary gland, in which LH and FSH, prolactin, somatotropic, adenocorticotropic and thyroid-stimulating hormones are produced.
4. The fourth level is the ovaries, thyroid gland and adrenal glands.
5. The fifth level is sensitive to the action of hormones (uterus, endometrium and mammary gland).

But, unfortunately, not all women have a regular menstrual cycle and work like clockwork. All violations are divided into the following categories:

Reasons for irregular menstruation

• Impact on the body from the outside - stress, overwork, malnutrition, change of residence and climate.
• Internal factors - concomitant diseases (pathology of the ovaries, central nervous system, adrenal glands, endometrial diseases, endometriosis, curettage of the uterine cavity and abortions, oncological diseases, liver diseases, impaired hemostasis, etc.).
• Under the influence of medicinal substances (hormones, anticoagulants, drugs used in psychiatry, etc.).

Types of menstrual irregularities

Menorrhagia (hypermenstrual syndrome) - cyclic heavy menstruation. It is further subdivided into:

• Polymenorrhea - prolonged bleeding that occurs cyclically with an interval of less than 21 days.
• Proyomenorrhea - increased menstruation.
• Hypermenorrhea - a large amount of menstrual flow.

Hypomenstrual syndrome is an external manifestation of a decrease in menstruation:

• Hypomenorrhea - scanty menstrual flow.
• Oligomenorrhea - duration of menstruation up to 2 days.
• Opsomenorrhea - an interval between periods of more than 5-8 weeks.
• Spaniomenorrhea - menzies is observed up to 2-4 times a year.
• Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation for more than 6 months.

• Bleeding in menopause - bleeding that began a year or more after the cessation of menstruation in older women.
• Metrorrhagia - acyclic bleeding, not accompanied by rejection of the endometrium.
• Intermenstrual bleeding - occurring between periods.
• Algodysmenorrhea - painful menstruation.
• Juvenile bleeding is heavy bleeding in teenage girls.

Treatment of menstrual irregularities

After a complete examination of a woman, including a history taking, a detailed general and gynecological examination, ultrasound, smears, clinical and biochemical blood tests, coagulograms, hormonal examinations, hysteroscopy, and sometimes MRI, treatment can begin.

1. First of all, it is necessary to exclude the influence of external factors.
2. Treatment of concomitant diseases.
3. Hemostatic therapy is provided for bleeding.
4. Surgical treatment (curettage of the uterine cavity, endometrial ablation, removal of the uterus).
5. hormone therapy. Use combined oral contraceptives, gestagens, gonadoliberin agonists.

Self-treatment is highly unacceptable! It is dangerous for a woman's life. In the event of menstrual irregularities, it is necessary to seek help from a medical institution, since delay can in mild cases lead to inflammation, endocrine disorders, anemia, infertility, and in extreme cases, death. Take care of yourself and your health - it's priceless!

Which doctor to contact

In case of menstrual irregularities, you should consult a gynecologist. Additionally, you may need to consult a gynecologist-endocrinologist or endocrinologist. To identify severe diseases of the internal organs or the nervous system, which can cause menstrual irregularities, you should be examined by a neurologist, therapist. Tumor diseases of the uterus and appendages are treated by an oncogynecologist.

Menstruation on the 22-24th day of the cycle is considered a sign of a good female body. Deviation up or down for 3 days is allowed. In general, even a delay of a week can be reasonable and not always alarming. To date, the female body has been studied so well that, it would seem, there should be no questions about the duration of the menstrual cycle. However, some girls are concerned whether it is normal or not if menstruation begins on the 22-24th day.

In the female body every month there are cyclical transformations. The first 10-15 days he prepares for a future pregnancy, the next 11-16 days he tries to save it or to reject the unused layer of the endometrium in order to start a new stage. Conventionally, the cycle is divided into 2 parts. In the middle, this is 1-2 days, ovulation occurs. The egg leaves the follicle in search of sperm.

The reproductive system works according to certain standards. That is, it takes 10 to 15 days for the maturation of the egg. The rate of maturation may differ in each cycle, depending on internal, external factors. Under the same conditions of a woman's life, the lability of the psycho-emotional background, the egg leaves the follicle at regular intervals. For example, every month on the 11th day of the cycle. Ovulation lasts from 12 hours to 24. From day 13, the second phase begins, which also lasts 10 days. It is considered normal if menstruation occurs 12-16 days after ovulation. Summing up simple calculations, you can see that a duration of 22 days is considered normal.

Reasons for deviations

The female body is constantly under the influence of internal,
external factors. Under their influence, the hormonal background changes, which is responsible for all the transformations associated with the menstrual cycle, menstruation, pregnancy. Failures for 7 days or more in a larger, smaller direction are already considered a pathology, it is necessary to understand the reasons. Cycle disruption factors are:

1. Stress, nervous tension;
2. Viral diseases, acute respiratory infections, diseases of internal organs;
3. Taking medications;
4. Means of contraception;
5. Hormonal pills;
6. Diseases of the central nervous system;
7. Pathology of the thyroid gland;
8. Heavy physical labor;
9. Gynecological diseases;
10. Change of climatic conditions, time zone;
11. Changes in sexual life;
12. Pregnancy;
13. abortion;
14. Overweight, excessive thinness.

There are a huge number of factors for menstrual irregularities, the reason is one - a change in hormonal levels. In most cases, specialists solve the problem with irregular monthly use of hormonal drugs. With the help of tablets, the cycle is adjusted to certain limits. 22 days a woman takes pills, then takes a break for a week. Menstruation begins the next day after taking the last pill, or every other day.

Reduced cycle on Duphaston

The active substance of the drug is a synthetic analogue natural male hormone, progesterone. Its deficiency in the second phase of the cycle leads to a delay in menstruation, a violation of the cycle, a change in the nature of menstrual flow. To compensate for the lack of hormones, the drug is prescribed at 23-30 mg per day from the second phase. The duration of therapy depends on the cause of the lack of a natural hormone in the female body. As a rule, it lasts 3-6 months.

Duphaston does not suppress ovulation, does not affect the development of the egg, the level of estrogen. All processes in the first phase occur without changes. Duphaston is taken immediately after ovulation to regulate natural functions. Under the influence of tablets, the endometrial layer is loosened, the uterus is preparing for rejection, blood arrives at the pelvic organs. After 10 days of treatment, take a break. The level of progesterone drops sharply, menstruation begins.

If a woman ovulates on day 11, she takes pills for 10 days, the appearance of menstruation on the 22-24th day of the cycle is quite normal. But, there is a situation when, under the influence of Duphaston, the cycle is shortened even more. For example, after taking 5 tablets, menstruation begins. In this case, the treatment is stopped, the situation indicates that the hormone deficiency has replenished very quickly. There is no point in continuing further treatment. In most cases, Dufaston than regulate the duration of the menstrual cycle. It is necessary to take tablets under the supervision of a specialist.

Menstruation on the 22-24th day of the cycle in Utrozhestan

The drug is an analogue of Duphaston, is a synthetic analogue of natural progesterone. It is prescribed for violations of the hormonal cycle associated with a deficiency of hormones of the second phase, miscarriage, and also with too much estrogen. Active ingredients affect the production of estrogen, regulate the natural processes of reproductive functions in the first, second phase. The standard scheme for taking tablets from 16 to 26 days.

It is quite natural that under the influence of a hormonal drug, the duration of the menstrual cycle changes. If menstruation goes on the 22-24th day, there is nothing strange in this, on the contrary, you can calm down. The course of therapy is regulated by a specialist, depending on the cause of the hormonal imbalance, ranging from 3 months to six months.

Is it possible to be pregnant on the 22nd-24th day of the cycle

Pregnancy is possible only when ovulation occurs. Therefore, its onset depends on the day the egg is released from the follicle. With a disturbed menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs on different days - earlier or later than the established period. Pregnancy on the 22-24th day of the cycle is possible. In the absence of menstruation these days, we can assume that conception has occurred, the pregnancy is developing safely. If uncharacteristic bleeding opens, there is pain in the lower abdomen, in the lower back, weakness, deterioration of health, it is necessary to consult a specialist. Abundant periods can be the cause of an ectopic pregnancy or premature miscarriage. If in the second case the body is able to cleanse itself on its own, with an ectopic pregnancy, the situation threatens with serious complications, death from internal hemorrhage.

A woman feels the signs of pregnancy even before the test shows a positive result. Changes in well-being begin after the attachment of a fertilized egg to the walls of the uterus. It takes approximately 7 days after the encounter with the spermatozoon. Women who are attentive to their body notice changes immediately, but do not attach much importance to them. The situation is complicated by the fact that these signs are similar to the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome. Therefore, the presence of 2 strips on the test is considered a clear symptom. However, the result can be considered reliable if there is a delay of at least 7 days. That is, it makes no sense to conduct a test on the 22nd day of the cycle.

As for the question - is it possible to get pregnant on the 22-24th day of the cycle, theoretically - no. Practically - yes, given the complexity of the female body, the instability of the monthly cycle. Modern gynecologists say that there are no safe days in the cycle. Conception is possible even on critical days. Sex must be safe.

Note! If menstruation comes on the 22-24th day of the cycle, you can not worry about anything, enjoy life, good health. With the reduction of the menstrual cycle under the influence of hormonal drugs, after the end of therapy, the menstrual cycle will gradually become the same as it was before. A deviation of 7 days in one direction or the other is not considered a pathology.