Ophthalmological examination. Types of Ophthalmic Examination Emr Eye Examination

An ophthalmological examination begins with an anamnesis (general and special). To examine the patient should be planted facing the light. First examine the healthy eye. During external examination, the condition of the eyelids, the region of the lacrimal sac, the position of the eyeball, the width of the palpebral fissure, the state of the conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, anterior chamber of the eye and the iris with the pupil visible within this fissure are established. The conjunctiva of the lower eyelid and the lower transitional fold is examined by pulling back the lower eyelid while looking at the patient upwards. The conjunctiva of the upper eyelid and the upper transitional fold is examined by turning the upper eyelid inside out. To do this, when the patient is looking down, they capture the ciliary edge of the upper eyelid with the thumb and forefinger of the right hand, pull it slightly downward, moving it away from the eye at the same time; on the upper edge of the cartilage of the eyelid, the thumb of the left hand (or eye glass rod) is placed with an edge and, pressing the cartilage downwards, the eyelid is turned upwards by the ciliary edge.

To examine the eyeball in case of eyelid edema or strong eyelids, after preliminary instillation of a 0.5% solution of dicaine, it is necessary to push them apart with the help of eyelid lifters inserted behind the upper and lower eyelids. When examining the lacrimal ducts, pressing a finger on the area of ​​the lacrimal sac, note the presence or absence of discharge from the lacrimal puncta. To examine the cornea, iris and the anterior surface of the lens, the side illumination method is used, focusing the light from a table lamp on the eye with a strong convex lens (+20 D). Even more clearly visible changes when viewed through a binocular loupe (see). An external examination of the eyes is completed with a study of pupillary reflexes (see). Next, they examine (see), the fundus of the eye (see), visual functions (see,) and intraocular pressure (see).

Ophthalmological examination
The study of the organ of vision must be carried out strictly according to plan. This plan should be based on an anatomical principle, that is, an anatomically consistent examination of individual parts of the organ of vision.

They begin with a preliminary history, in which the patient states his complaints (pain, redness of the eye, dysfunction, etc.; a more detailed and targeted history - personal, family, hereditary - should, according to S. S. Golovin, be attributed to the end of the study). After that, they begin to study the anatomical state of the organ of vision: the adnexa, the anterior part of the eyeball, the internal parts of the eye, then they examine the functions of the eye and the general condition of the body.

In detail, an ophthalmic examination includes the following.

General information about the patient: gender, age, profession, place of residence. The main complaints of the patient, his gait.

Inspection. General habitus, skull shape, face (asymmetry, facial skin condition, one-sided graying of eyelashes, eyebrows, hair on the head, etc.).

Eye socket and adjacent areas. Eyelids - shape, position, surface, mobility; palpebral fissure, eyelashes, eyebrows. Lacrimal organs - lacrimal glands, lacrimal puncta, tubules, lacrimal sac, lacrimal canal. The connective sheath (conjunctiva) - color, transparency, thickness, surface, presence of scars, nature of the discharge. The position of the eyeball [exophthalmos, enophthalmos (see Exophthalmometry), displacement], size, mobility, intraocular pressure (see Ocular Tonometry).

Sclera - surface, color. Cornea - shape, surface, transparency, sensitivity. Anterior chamber of the eye - depth, uniformity, chamber moisture. Iris - color, pattern, position, mobility. Pupils - position, size, shape, reactions. Lens-transparency, clouding (stationary, progressive, its degree), position of the lens (displacement, dislocation). Vitreous body - transparency, consistency, hemorrhage, liquefaction, foreign body, cysticercus. The fundus of the eye (see Ophthalmoscopy), the optic disc - the size, shape, color, boundaries, course of blood vessels, level; the periphery of the fundus - the color, condition of the vessels, the presence of foci of hemorrhage, exudation, edema, pigmentation, primary and secondary retinal detachment, neoplasms, subretinal cysticercus; yellow spot - hemorrhage, degeneration, perforated defect, etc.

Special methods for examining the organ of vision - see Biomicroscopy, Gonioscopy, Diaphanoscopy of the eye, Ophthalmodynamometry, Ocular Tonometry. An electromagnetic test (see Eye magnets) makes it possible, using hand-held or stationary magnets, to determine the presence of magnetic foreign bodies in the eye or in the tissues surrounding it.

X-ray diagnostics, which is widely used in ophthalmological examination, can detect changes in the bones of the skull, orbit, its contents (tumors, etc.), foreign bodies in the eye and surrounding tissues, changes in the lacrimal ducts, etc.

The study of visual functions - see Campimetry, Visual acuity, Field of view.

Eye refraction (see) is determined by subjective (selection of corrective glasses) and objective methods (see Skiascopy, Refractometry of the eye).

Accommodation - the position of the nearest point of view, the strength and width of the accommodation are determined.

Color perception (see) - color recognition by central vision - is more often studied using the tables of E. B. Rabkin. Light perception - adaptation to light and darkness - is studied with the help of adaptometers (see) and adaptoperimeters of S. V. Kravkov and N. A. Vishnevsky, A. I. Dashevsky, A. I. Bogoslovsky and A. V. Roslav-tsev and other Eye movements - determination of the symmetrical position of the eyes, their mobility, fusion ability, binocular vision, latent and obvious strabismus, muscle paralysis and other movement disorders. Electroretinography (see) is of known importance in the diagnosis of certain eye diseases.

Association with general diseases. Examination of the patient's body with the participation of relevant specialists. Laboratory studies - microbiological, blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid tests, Wasserman reaction, tuberculin tests; x-ray studies, etc.

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The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

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What happens at an appointment with an ophthalmologist?

Where does the ophthalmologist take?

Examination by an ophthalmologist

An examination by an ophthalmologist includes:

• Visual acuity test. Allows you to evaluate the ability of the eye to clearly see two different points located at a certain distance from each other. Primary impairment of visual acuity can occur with myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and other pathologies.
• Study of the refractive structures of the eye. Allows you to determine the functional state of the refractive system of the eye, that is, the ability of the cornea and lens to focus the image directly on the retina.
• Study of visual fields. Allows you to explore peripheral vision, which can be impaired in glaucoma and other pathologies.
• Examination of the fundus. Allows you to study the vessels of the fundus and the retina, the defeat of which can cause a decrease in visual acuity, narrowing of the visual field and other defects in the visual analyzer.
• Measurement of intraocular pressure. It is the main study in the diagnosis of glaucoma.
• Color vision test. Allows you to determine whether a person can distinguish different colors from each other. This function of the visual analyzer may be impaired in some individuals suffering from color blindness.

Table of an ophthalmologist for checking visual acuity

The essence of the study is as follows. The patient sits down on a chair located at a distance of 5 meters from a table fixed on the wall and well lit. The doctor gives the patient a special flap and asks him to cover one eye with it, but not completely close it ( that is, do not close your eyelids). With the second eye, the patient should look at the table. Next, the doctor begins to point to the letters in the various rows of the table ( first into larger ones, then into smaller ones.), and the patient must name them. Satisfactory is the result in which the patient easily ( without squinting) will be able to read letters out of 10 ( above) row of the table. In this case, we are talking about one hundred percent vision, which the ophthalmologist records in the patient's card. Then he asks to cover the other eye with a shutter and repeats the procedure in the same way.

When examining young children ( who can't read yet) tables with images of animals, plants and other objects are used. At the same time, for examining deaf and dumb patients, instead of letters, circles are shown on the tables with a notch on one side ( right, left, up or down). During the examination, the patient must indicate to the doctor which side the tenderloin is on.

Oculist's device for examining the fundus of the eye

The essence of the procedure is as follows. The bright light in the room is turned off, and the patient sits on a chair opposite the doctor. The doctor holds an ophthalmoscope to the patient's eye a device consisting of a light source and a magnifying lens) and directs light through the pupil into the eye being examined. Rays of light enter the fundus of the eye and are reflected from it, as a result of which the doctor can observe various structures of this area through a magnifying glass - the retina, the vessels of the fundus, the optic nerve head ( the place in the fundus where nerve fibers of photosensitive cells leave the eyeball and travel to the brain).

Examination of the fundus helps in the diagnosis of:

• Glaucoma. Typical for this pathology is the so-called excavation of the optic disc, which is "squeezed" outward as a result of increased pressure inside the eyeball.
• Angiopathy of the retina. During ophthalmoscopy, the doctor reveals modified, irregularly shaped and sized blood vessels in the fundus.
• Retinal detachments. Under normal conditions, the retina is very weakly attached to the wall of the eyeball, supported mainly by intraocular pressure. Under various pathological conditions ( with eye injuries, wounds) the retina can detach from the wall of the eye, which can lead to deterioration or complete loss of vision. During ophthalmoscopy, the doctor can determine the localization and severity of detachment, which will allow planning further treatment tactics.

What does an ophthalmologist instill into the eye to dilate the pupil?

It is worth noting that these drugs cannot be used in the presence of glaucoma, since pupil dilation can lead to blockage of the aqueous humor outflow pathways and provoke an increase in intraocular pressure. Also, the doctor should inform the patient that for a certain time after the procedure, the patient may experience pain or burning in the eyes when in bright light, and will not be able to read books, work at a computer. The fact is that the drugs used to dilate the pupil also temporarily paralyze the ciliary muscle, which is responsible for changing the shape of the lens when viewing closely spaced objects. As a result, the lens flattens as much as possible and is fixed in this position, that is, a person will not be able to focus on a nearby object until the effect of the drug ends.

Ophthalmologist instruments for measuring IOP

To measure IOP, the ophthalmologist uses a special tonometer - a cylindrical weight with a mass of 10 grams. The essence of the study is as follows. After instillation of a local anesthetic solution into the patient's eye ( a drug that temporarily “turns off” the sensitivity of the eyes, as a result of which they will not respond to the touch of foreign objects on the cornea) the patient lies on the couch face up, directing his gaze strictly vertically and fixing it on some point. Next, the doctor tells the patient not to blink, after which he places the surface of the cylinder on the cornea ( tonometer), which was previously coated with a special paint. Upon contact with wet ( hydrated) part of the paint is washed off the tonometer by the surface of the cornea. After a few seconds, the doctor removes the cylinder from the patient's eye and presses its surface against a special paper, which leaves a characteristic imprint in the form of a circle. At the end of the study, the doctor measures the diameter of the formed circle-imprint with a ruler, on the basis of which he sets the exact intraocular pressure.

Color vision test ( ophthalmologist pictures for drivers)

To check color perception, the ophthalmologist uses special tables. Each of them depicts numerous circles of various sizes, colors ( mostly green and red) and shades, but similar in brightness. With the help of these circles in the picture, a certain image is “masked” ( number or letter), and a person with normal vision can easily see it. At the same time, for a person who does not distinguish between colors, recognizing and naming an “encrypted” letter will be an impossible task.

How else does an ophthalmologist check vision?

If necessary, the ophthalmologist may prescribe:

• Biomicroscopy of the eye. The essence of this study is that with the help of a special slit lamp, a narrow strip of light is directed into the patient's eye, translucent to the cornea, lens and other transparent structures of the eyeball. This method makes it possible to detect various deformations and damages of the studied structures with high accuracy.
• Study of corneal sensitivity. To assess this parameter, ophthalmologists usually use a thin hair or several bandage threads that touch the cornea of ​​the examined eye ( first in the center and then along the edges). This allows you to identify a decrease in the sensitivity of the organ, which can be observed in various pathological processes.
• Study of binocular vision. Binocular vision is the ability of a person to clearly see a certain image with both eyes at the same time, ignoring the fact that each eye looks at the object from a slightly different angle. To check binocular vision, ophthalmologists use several methods, the simplest of which is the so-called Sokolov experiment. To conduct this experiment, you should take a sheet of paper, roll it into a tube and bring it to one eye ( Both eyes must remain open during the entire examination.). Next, on the side of the paper tube, you need to place an open palm ( its edge must be in contact with the tube). If the patient has normal binocular vision, at the moment of bringing the hand to the paper, the effect of the so-called "hole in the palm" will appear, through which what is seen through the paper tube will be seen.

What tests can an optometrist prescribe?

The ophthalmologist may prescribe:

• General blood analysis- to determine the cellular composition of the blood and identify signs of infection in the body.
• Microscopic studies- to identify microorganisms that have caused infectious and inflammatory lesions of the eye, eyelids or other tissues.
• Microbiological research- to identify and identify the causative agent of an eye infection, as well as to determine the sensitivity of an infectious agent to various antibiotics.
• Biochemical blood test– to determine the level of glucose ( Sahara) in the blood if diabetic retinal angiopathy is suspected.

Selection of glasses and lenses at the ophthalmologist

Eyeglasses or contact lenses can correct:

• Myopia ( myopia). As mentioned earlier, with this pathology, the light rays passing through the cornea and lens are refracted too much, as a result of which they are focused in front of the retina. To correct this disease, the doctor selects a diverging lens that “shifts” the focal length slightly backwards, that is, directly onto the retina, as a result of which the person begins to clearly see distant objects.
• Hypermetropia ( farsightedness). With this pathology, light rays are focused behind the retina. To correct the defect, the ophthalmologist selects a converging lens that shifts the focal length anteriorly, thereby eliminating the existing defect.
• Astigmatism. With this pathology, the surface of the cornea or lens has an uneven shape, as a result of which the light rays passing through them fall on different areas in front of the retina and behind it. To correct the defect, special lenses are made that correct the existing irregularities in the refractive structures of the eye and ensure that the rays are focused directly on the retina.

Does an ophthalmologist prescribe glasses for a computer?

Medical examination and certificate from an ophthalmologist

It is also worth noting that a certificate from an ophthalmologist may be needed in some other circumstances ( for example, to obtain a permit to carry a firearm, to obtain a driver's license, and so on). In this case, the examination by an ophthalmologist does not differ from that during a regular physical examination ( the doctor evaluates visual acuity, visual fields and other parameters). If during the examination the specialist does not reveal any deviations from the organ of vision in the patient, he will issue an appropriate conclusion ( certificate). If the patient has a decrease in visual acuity, narrowing of the visual fields, or some other deviation, the doctor may prescribe appropriate treatment for him, but in the conclusion he will indicate that this person is not recommended to engage in activities that require one hundred percent vision.

Are ophthalmologist services paid or free?

It is worth noting that the free services of an ophthalmologist under the MHI policy ( compulsory health insurance) are found only in state medical institutions ( clinics and hospitals). All ophthalmological consultations and examinations of the visual analyzer performed in private medical centers are paid.

When is a dispensary registration with an ophthalmologist shown?

The reason for dispensary registration with an ophthalmologist may be:

• Cataract- clouding of the lens, in which it is recommended to visit an ophthalmologist 2 times a year.
• Glaucoma- an increase in intraocular pressure, in which you need to visit a doctor at least 4 times a year.
• Detachment and other retinal lesions– consultation with an ophthalmologist is required at least 2 times a year ( if complications occur, an unscheduled consultation is indicated).
• Damage to the refractive system of the eye myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism) – examination by an ophthalmologist 2 times a year ( provided that before this a full diagnosis was carried out and corrective glasses or contact lenses were selected).
• eye injury-recommended regular weekly or monthly) examination by an ophthalmologist until complete recovery.
• Retinal angiopathy- you need to visit a doctor at least 1-2 times a year ( depending on the cause of the disease and the severity of damage to the retinal vessels).

When can an ophthalmologist admit you to the hospital?

The reason for hospitalization in this case may be a severe course of the patient's disease ( for example, retinal detachment in several places) or the development of complications of the underlying disease ( for example, retinal hemorrhage, penetrating injury to the eyeball with damage to adjacent tissues, and so on). In this case, the patient is placed in a hospital, where he will be under the constant supervision of doctors during the entire period of treatment. Before the operation, all the studies necessary for an accurate diagnosis and determination of the operation plan are performed. After surgical treatment, the patient also remains under the supervision of doctors for several days, which allows timely identification and elimination of possible complications ( e.g. bleeding).

After discharge from the hospital, the doctor gives the patient recommendations for further treatment and rehabilitation, and also sets the dates for follow-up consultations, which will allow you to control the recovery process and identify possible late complications.

How to get a sick leave from an ophthalmologist?

Can I call an ophthalmologist at home?

At home, an ophthalmologist can perform:

• external examination of the eye;
• assessment of visual acuity;
• study of visual fields ( tentatively);
• fundus examination;
• measurement of intraocular pressure.

When an ophthalmologist sends for a consultation with other specialists ( oncologist, endocrinologist, ENT specialist, allergist, neuropathologist, cardiologist)?

The ophthalmologist can refer the patient for a consultation:

• To the oncologist- if you suspect a tumor disease of the eye or adjacent tissues.
• To the endocrinologist- in case of diabetic retinal angiopathy.
• TO LOR ( otorhinolaryngologist) - in case of detection of diseases of the nose or paranasal sinuses, which could be complicated by damage to the eyes.
• To the allergist– in case of allergic conjunctivitis ( damage to the mucous membrane of the eye).
• To a neurologist- if there is a suspicion of damage to the optic nerve, the brain ( visual center) etc.
• To the cardiologist- with retinal angiopathy caused by hypertension ( persistent increase in blood pressure).

What treatment can an ophthalmologist prescribe?

Vitamins for the eyes

• Vitamin A- to improve the condition of the retina.
• Vitamin B1- improves metabolism in the nervous tissue, including in the retina and in the nerve fibers of the optic nerve.
• Vitamin B2- improves metabolism at the cellular level.
• Vitamin E- prevents tissue damage during various inflammatory processes.
• lutein and zeaxanthin- prevent damage to the retina when exposed to light rays.

Eye drops

For therapeutic purposes, the ophthalmologist may prescribe:

• Antibacterial drops- for the treatment of barley, chalazion, bacterial conjunctivitis and other infectious eye diseases.
• Antiviral drops- for the treatment of viral conjunctivitis and other similar diseases.
• Anti-inflammatory drops- to eliminate the inflammatory process in infectious and inflammatory eye diseases.
• Antiallergic drops- with allergic conjunctivitis.

Operations on the eyes

Surgical treatment in ophthalmology may be required:

• with diseases of the cornea;
• for lens transplantation;
• for treatment

Maintaining good vision requires regular check-ups by an ophthalmologist. Even if nothing bothers you, it is recommended to undergo a comprehensive eye examination once a year so that a possible disease is detected at an early stage, and its treatment does not result in a significant amount.

The modern high-tech equipment of our ophthalmological center and the high qualification of ophthalmologists make it possible to detect possible pathological changes in the eyes already at the earliest stages of the onset of the disease.

The Moscow Eye Clinic performs diagnostics in adults and children (after 3 years):

• refractive errors (nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism),
• disorders of the oculomotor apparatus (strabismus, amblyopia),
• pathologies of the anterior segment of the eye of various origins (diseases of the eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, iris, lens),
• pathologies of the posterior segment of the eye (vascular and inflammatory diseases of the retina and optic nerve (including hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma)
• traumatic injuries of the organ of vision

The Moscow Eye Clinic is under the direction of a doctor of the highest qualification category, a member of the Association of Ophthalmologists of Russia

A unique team of doctors, where each doctor has his own narrow specialization, which guarantees accurate diagnosis and competent treatment. MCC doctors undergo regular training abroad.

We use only the latest ophthalmic equipment and materials from leading ophthalmic brands.

We guarantee the quality of all manipulations and full control of the doctor and anesthesiologist at all stages of work.

Comprehensive vision diagnostics - in 1 hour!

We save your time and money

Maintaining good vision requires regular check-ups by an ophthalmologist. Even if nothing bothers you, it is recommended to undergo a comprehensive eye examination once a year so that a possible disease is detected at an early stage, and its treatment does not result in a significant amount.

Safety and Warranty

The modern high-tech equipment of our ophthalmological center and the high qualification of ophthalmologists make it possible to detect possible pathological changes in the eyes already at the earliest stages of the disease.

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Carrying out all the necessary examinations in one place, in 1 hour, on the day of treatment!

In what cases is vision diagnostics needed?

An ophthalmological examination is necessary to assess the general condition of visual functions, prevent eye diseases, and also to control the progression of the disease. In the latter case, diagnostics helps to select optimal treatment regimens for existing diseases, as well as to avoid serious complications and loss of vision. An examination is also necessary in cases where decisions are made on the advisability and type of surgical interventions, if patients need them, in order to provide an opinion to other specialists (to the antenatal clinic, neurologist, cardiologist, etc.).

How is an ophthalmological examination carried out?

"Moscow Eye Clinic" has all the necessary equipment for the diagnosis of any eye disease.

Diagnostic procedures can last from thirty minutes to one and a half hours, depending on the nature of the patient's complaints, objective indications and his age.

Additionally, the thickness of the cornea (pachymetry) and the length of the anterior-posterior axis of the eye (AC or echobiometry) can be measured. Hardware studies also include ultrasound eye diagnostics (B-scan) and computer

Many diseases can be prevented if detected early. The same applies to the visual system - the sooner problems are identified, the better. By the way, modern vision diagnostics is very conducive to this. Neither serious diseases nor hidden pathologies can slip past the perfect equipment ...

Why is it necessary to follow the recommendations of ophthalmologists and check at least once a year?

Probably not from “nothing to do” ophthalmologists around the world trumpet: “Check your eyesight at least once a year! Especially if you are in any risk group! They care about the health of every person. After all, today, in the age of innovative industry, vision problems are on a large scale. Assistants to this are televisions, computers, our carelessness, laziness and many other things.

Meanwhile, as world practice shows, preventive examination allows:

1. Reveal hidden pathologies.
2. Diagnose significant vision problems.
3. Choose the right means of correction.
4. Timely prescribe adequate treatment: medicines, devices, surgery.
5. Significantly reduce the side effects of treatment.

But, alas and ah, a small number of people listen to the recommendations of ophthalmologists. Basically, they turn for help when even an operation does not guarantee a successful outcome. After all, the causes of vision loss can be different. For example, with cataracts, it decreases due to clouding of the lens, with glaucoma - due to circulatory disorders and increased intraocular pressure, etc.

In any case, these and other diseases without timely detection and treatment can lead to significant loss of vision, and often to complete darkness, i.e. blindness...

What is a complete diagnostic examination?

In many clinics, they limit it to a simple check according to Sivtsev's tables. But this may not always reflect the true picture of the state of the visual system. Therefore, it is necessary to insist on a comprehensive check.

If the polyclinic at the place of residence does not have the opportunity to conduct it, then you can take a free referral to an ophthalmological center or use paid services.

Comprehensive vision diagnostics includes:

1. Measurement of visual acuity.
2. Determination of the refraction of the eye.
3. Measurement of intraocular pressure.
4. Biomicroscopy (examination of the eyeball through a microscope).
5. Pachymetry (measurement of the depth of the cornea).
6. Echobiometry (measuring the length of the eye).
7. Ultrasound of the internal structures of the eye, including opaque ones.
8. Computer keratotopography.
9. Diagnosis of hidden pathologies.
10. Determining the level of tear production.
11. Checking the visual field.
12. Examination of changes in the retina (with a wide pupil), the optic nerve.

Such diagnostics allows you to identify all the features of the visual system and the causes of visual impairment. Also, the prediction of the outcome of a particular treatment depends on the results.

Comprehensive vision diagnostics helps to detect diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and rheumatism at the initial stages of development. And also tuberculosis, cervical osteochondrosis, problems with the thyroid gland and many other diseases.

How is a comprehensive examination carried out?

As a rule, the diagnosis of vision in children and adults begins with checklists. They can contain letters, pictures and other signs.

Additionally, a test can be carried out on an autorefractometer - a device that automatically determines the refraction of the eye and the parameters of the cornea and immediately gives the result.

If vision problems are identified, the ophthalmologist will begin to select lenses of the required optical power. For this, special glasses can be used, where test glasses are inserted, or a phoropter, a device where lenses change automatically.

Intraocular pressure is measured using a tonometer. If glaucoma is suspected, computer perimetry is additionally performed - checking the visual field.

The anterior segment of the eye (eyelashes, eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, etc.) is examined using a biomicroscope. This is necessary to assess the condition of the cornea, check for scarring on it, clouding in the lens, etc.

A complete picture of the state of the eye is obtained by examining the fundus through the dilated pupil. This allows you to determine whether there are changes in the retina, what is the condition of the optic nerve, etc.

Pachymetry allows you to calculate the maximum depth of the cornea allowed for laser exposure. And in cases of a high degree of myopia, it helps to establish how complete the correction can be carried out and which method is better to choose for this.

And if you need topography and the refractive power of the cornea, then a keratotopograph will come to the rescue. It can be used to examine individual optical defects of the cornea. Such diagnostics last only a few seconds, but during this time its entire surface has time to be scanned.

The information obtained from the keratotopograph is also necessary to perform laser refraction correction. After all, in the course of its implementation, the cornea is directly affected. At the same time, the machine provides results in the form of digital data, which allows you to predict visual acuity after laser correction. In general, diagnostics on a keratotopograph helps to identify the initial signs of keratoconus (changes in the shape of the cornea) and many of its other diseases.

Echobiometry allows you to measure the length of the eyeball, determine the size of the lens and the depth of the anterior chamber. Wave aberrometry - measure the optical system of the eye, identify all deviations from the norm on the retina and its other structures.

Why is it important to examine children in a timely manner (video):

A comprehensive examination allows you to more fully cover the human visual system, identify its features and weaknesses, and, of course, prescribe the most effective treatment. Do you agree? Your answer is in the comments!

"First Eye Clinic" offers residents of Moscow and the region a comprehensive computerized eye examination at a bargain price using professional equipment. Individual approach and favorable conditions for each patient.

An annual examination by an ophthalmologist is recommended for adults and children.

Timely detection of deviations and disorders in the visual system allows you to quickly and effectively eliminate the problem.

Computer diagnostics of vision: description, indications

Computer vision testing is the main tool for detecting even minor changes in the structure of the eye.

Examination allows not only to make a diagnosis, but also to develop an optimal treatment plan.

Diagnostics with the help of modern equipment is distinguished by accuracy and versatility.


What does vision diagnostics include?

Determination of visual acuity

Pneumotonometry / measurement of intraocular pressure according to Maklakov

biomicroscopy

Definition of subjective refraction

Study of binocular functions

pachymetry

Echobiometry (A-method)

Perimetry (screening)

Computer topographic analysis of the cornea

Determination of the dominant eye

Examination of the fundus in conditions of mydriasis

Study of the fundus, retina and cornea, lens, vitreous and ciliary body.

Examination by an ophthalmologist at the "First Eye Clinic"

Vision testing at the First Eye Clinic in Moscow is carried out on an outpatient basis at an affordable price. Special preparation for the procedures is not required. The benefits of regular inspections include the ability to correct existing problems in a timely manner and at the lowest cost.

In the "First Eye Clinic" in Moscow, vision testing includes all modern research methods. Based on the data obtained, the ophthalmologist makes a diagnosis and suggests optimal correction procedures.

The clinic has advanced equipment and a staff of experienced doctors of international class. By cooperating with us, the patient receives:

guarantee of the quality of treatment and correction;

the opportunity to save money due to low prices, discounts, promotions and special offers on social programs.

Convenient working hours and location allow you to visit the clinic at any convenient time from 9:00 to 20:00 daily.