Full periods in the first month of pregnancy. Can menstruation go in the first month of pregnancy? Diagnosis of pathological processes

The first sign of pregnancy is the delay in critical days. The body immediately begins to rebuild to carry a child, which is expressed by a number of changes in well-being and appearance. Women sometimes have periods in the first month of pregnancy, but they rarely have the same look, texture, and duration as before conception.

A feature of the menstrual cycle is that menstruation can only go when fertilization has not occurred.

In the first phase, which begins on the first day of menstruation, due to a decrease in the secretion of estrogen and progesterone, the endometrium exfoliates and begins to recover again in order to prepare the uterus for conception during the next ovulation.

At the same time, eggs begin to mature in the ovaries, as soon as one of them (dominant) reaches a size of 14 mm in diameter, it is released into the fallopian tubes and waits for conception for the next 24–48 hours. If it does not happen, the production of estrogen and progesterone decreases, and the accumulated endometrium comes out in the form of the next menstruation.

If a woman becomes pregnant, there can be no menstruation. This is due to the appearance in the body of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) - the hormone of pregnancy, which is produced by the cells of the membrane of the fetus.

What happens to the hormonal background is considered the main change in the state of the whole organism. Under the influence of hCG, increased secretion of estrogen and progesterone by the pituitary and hypothalamus continues, so that the uterus is ready for embryo implantation.

Maturation and fertilization of the egg

If the test is positive and bloody discharge has appeared, the question arises whether menstruation in the first month of pregnancy can be physiological.

In medicine, isolated cases have been recorded. There were periods due to the fact that during ovulation 2 eggs ripened at once - one of them was fertilized, and the second was not.

In 98% of cases, such a symptom indicates an ectopic, missed pregnancy and the threat of miscarriage.

Many girls are wondering if pregnancy is possible during menstruation. However, it should be understood that menstruation at the beginning of pregnancy is an alarming sign and a reason to contact a gynecologist as soon as possible.

Is it menstruation

Pregnancy and menstruation in the first month of pregnancy are incompatible conditions from the point of view of a woman's physiology. If the test is positive and bleeding occurs in the early stages, urgent measures must be taken to save the unborn child. In the first hours of the pathological condition, health workers provide the necessary assistance and minimize the risk of miscarriage.

When a woman is not sure that she is pregnant, it is also necessary to purchase and take a test. Menstrual flow after conception, which does not indicate serious pathologies, occurs for the following reasons:

1. Menstruation can go if a woman has stopped taking contraceptives shortly before conception - a hormonal failure is not ruled out, the condition should be monitored by a doctor.
2. As the 1st menstruation during pregnancy, scanty brown discharge can be perceived after violent intercourse or a medical examination, during which the vaginal mucosa was damaged.
3. Minor discharge may appear during the implantation of the embryo - in the second week after conception.

Embryo implantation in the uterine wall

But the first thing to do when a blood secretion occurs is to exclude the possibility of pathologies by contacting a gynecologist. Such additional symptoms as pain in the lower abdomen and pelvis and feeling unwell can testify to them.

What is dangerous bleeding

The appearance of menstruation in the early stages for the normal bearing of a child is dangerous. They indicate a threat of abortion and appear in such cases:

1. The development of the embryo occurs in the fallopian tube, not in the uterus. When it gets big enough, it ruptures the tube, causing bleeding. This process is accompanied by severe pain and deterioration of well-being. The help of a specialist is needed immediately, the condition is very dangerous for life and reproductive functions.
2. The embryo stops developing and the pregnancy stops.
3. There is a risk of miscarriage.

Erosion of the cervix, which appeared to an interesting position, provokes meager bleeding. , as a rule, at this stage is not treated, but requires mandatory monitoring.

As soon as a suspicious secret has been noticed, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist. The doctor will determine the presence of pathologies, conduct additional diagnostics and prescribe the necessary measures to maintain pregnancy. The use of swabs to soak up blood is strongly discouraged. If there really is a threat of miscarriage, then additional mechanical irritation of the vaginal tissues will only aggravate the condition.

Even the most experienced and health-conscious women can skip a pregnancy and come to an appointment with a specialist already with crumbs. Blame it on menstruation in early pregnancy. They are discharges that look very similar to the usual critical days, but their reasons are completely different.

Early registration of a pregnant woman is very important. Aware of her situation, the woman does not take medicine, trying to eat healthy and healthy and more self-protective. If there are serious developmental defects, then at the very first screening ultrasound diagnosis, many malformations can be seen and a decision can be made to maintain or terminate the pregnancy.

In what cases do menstruation occur during pregnancy?

Very often this is observed in girls with light and irregular menstruation. Pregnancy is not always a planned event, and not everyone runs to the pharmacy for a test if the delay is a day or two.

The reasons for such discharge during pregnancy are:

The cervix during the period of bearing a baby is very vulnerable. This is especially true for cases with ectopia and erosion. Even swabs or sexual contact can cause small amounts of blood to come out during pregnancy.

How long can menstruation go during pregnancy

The delay in menstruation is n most common sign of pregnancy. But there are exceptions to the rule when menstruation does not stop. Most gynecologists do not consider menstruation in the first month after conception a sign of danger or pathology. The reasons lie in the particular fertilization of the egg and the further implantation of the woman's fetal egg.

It also happens that in the early stages they do not stop going throughout the first trimester. Here you can not do without an examination by a specialist. First you need to eliminate the threat of miscarriage and establish the reason why the woman's body does not respond to conception.

Experts identify several reasons for this phenomenon:

Many women are interested in how many months menstruation can go during pregnancy and how long this is considered the norm. Doctors say that this phenomenon can last no more than 4 months. But even if when carrying a baby there are no pathologies, then monthly bleeding should still alert the doctor and the expectant mother.

How can you distinguish between spotting and menstruation?

If there are any doubts about the beginning and normal course of pregnancy, it is worth knowing how menstruation when carrying crumbs, distinguish from ordinary.

Determination of hormones in blood and urine

It is very important to conduct a urine pregnancy test by purchasing it from a pharmacy. This method is the safest and most affordable. It can be carried out at home without any problems. But if the result is negative, it does not mean that you are not pregnant. It is not always informative in the early stages. For a more accurate result, it is worth taking a blood test for the level of chorionic gonadotropin. You can find out the correct result already on the 10th day after conception. If it is positive, then conception has occurred, and if it is negative, then no.

If a girl is watching, then she will also be able to determine whether it is menstruation or discharge during pregnancy. Direct evidence that fertilization has occurred is the temperature in the rectum above 37 degrees.

By well-being

For many women, pregnancy is accompanied by symptoms such as:

These symptoms will persist with abnormal discharge during the period of gestation of the crumbs.

By the nature of the discharge

In most situations, discharge that can be confused with menstruation during pregnancy is unusual. It is for this reason that they cause suspicion and doubt in a woman. But from the reviews it can be judged that if the monthly allocations were normally meager, women don't notice the difference. You need to pay attention to such factors:

1. If spotting appeared after a delay.
2. If they are clotted and unusually copious.
3. If you start ahead of schedule.
4. Lasts only 1 or 2 days.
5. Minor.

Algorithm of actions in case of doubt

If a woman does not exclude that she may be in a position, but she has discharge, then she immediately needs to visit a specialist. You should never take any drugs or use folk methods in order to intensify menstruation and cause an abortion, as a continuation of a miscarriage that has begun.

It is better not to try to stop the bleeding with medicines and herbs. This will not stop the discharge, but it can negatively affect the health of the fetus and the future mother. The most correct algorithm for women's actions is:

To the question of interest to all women about whether there can be menstruation during the period of bearing a baby, experts give an unequivocal answer that these two concepts are absolutely opposite to each other. Even minor spotting during the period of bearing a baby is a pathology that needs medical supervision and, possibly, emergency treatment.

It is for this reason that if you are tormented by any doubts about your condition, you should immediately visit a specialist. And this must be done as quickly as possible. After all, if a woman delays visiting a clinic, this can lead to deplorable events.

Usually, a delay in menstruation for several days indicates a possible pregnancy. It is on this basis that a woman first makes herself such a diagnosis, after which she either turns to a specialist or conducts a test at home. But sometimes a woman is already pregnant, and menstruation continues to go according to schedule, and the expectant mother does not even think about conception. Despite any arguments, pregnancy during menstruation is possible, this has been proven both at the scientific level and by life examples. What cases of menstruation during pregnancy are considered the norm, and which carry a health hazard?

Expert opinions

If a woman has her period in the first month of pregnancy, as a rule, experts do not see anything wrong with this. This may be due to conception at the end of the cycle. In this case, the fetal egg does not have time to gain a foothold in the uterus, and the body, accordingly, does not respond with any reaction to the presence of a new body, so the next cycle comes on time.

In some cases, menstruation comes early. Pregnancy with this phenomenon proceeds normally, and menstruation should stop on the next cycle. If they continue, then the necessary examination should be carried out.

Summing up all the available facts, as well as analyzing the opinions of specialists and women who have experienced menstruation during pregnancy, we can definitely say that the presence of the first menstruation cannot indicate pathology and any diseases that can harm health. They are considered normal during conception in the second half of the cycle. Also, do not confuse bleeding with menstruation. To do this, it is worth remembering the signs of both phenomena, which are detailed in this article.

But still, in order to prevent possible complications, as well as for your own peace of mind, it is more expedient for every woman who continues menstruation during the alleged pregnancy to visit a specialist who will conduct all the necessary examinations and prescribe, if necessary, the correct treatment or prevention.

Content

For a healthy woman of childbearing age, the cessation of menstruation is a sign of pregnancy. This happens in most cases, but there are exceptions to this rule. There are situations when a woman does not suspect pregnancy for 3-4 months, because her periods continue. Only a doctor can assess the danger of such an anomaly.

Why don't you have periods during pregnancy?

From a physiological point of view, menstruation during pregnancy is impossible. To do this, you need to remember why menstruation occurs. The uterus consists of three layers that differ anatomically and functionally:

1. External - mucous.
2. Medium - myometrium (or muscle). Protects the unborn child from external influences, actively participates in the process of childbirth. Due to the contractile activity of the muscular layer of the uterus, the child passes through the birth canal of a woman.
3. Internal - endometrium. This layer is the most susceptible to change. In the first half of the cycle, it thickens, preparing the uterus for a possible pregnancy. Its task is to keep the fertilized egg until the placenta is formed. If conception does not occur, the endometrium is completely rejected, destroying the blood vessels. This is monthly. With the beginning of a new cycle, the process of growth of endometrial tissue is repeated.

Can menstruation go during pregnancy

When menstruation occurs after conception, it is clear that rejection of the endometrium occurs with all its contents, including a fertilized egg, that is, a miscarriage occurs. It is more correct to talk about the occurrence of bleeding, and this is an alarming signal. The attending physician will be able to draw a conclusion about the danger to the mother and child, because menstruation during pregnancy is a deviation from the physiological norm.

In the early stages

The discharge that women perceive as menstruation at the beginning of pregnancy is not. There are several reasons for this condition. Some do not pose any danger, others are a real threat to the mother and child. The causes of bleeding are as follows:

• The fertilized egg did not enter the uterus and did not attach to the endometrium (it can stay in the fallopian tube for 1-2 weeks). Until the moment of implantation of the fetal egg, the woman’s body “does not understand” that pregnancy has occurred, and releases another egg. It comes out along with the internal mucosa. This is the only case when menstruation occurs during early pregnancy. After the embryo is attached, menstruation will stop, but in the described case, the delay will come in a month.
• Two eggs matured at the same time, fertilization occurred only with one, the other in this case comes out along with the inner lining of the uterus. This is another case when pregnancy with menstruation proceed at the same time.

The described situations do not pose a danger to a woman. Scanty periods during early pregnancy (in the first month) are considered normal. Doctors call this phenomenon “fetal washing”. Small blood clots of red, brown, pink color result from the formation of new blood vessels surrounding the fixed fetus. The vascular network next to the embryo is fragile and easily damaged, therefore, its particles peel off.

In the second and third trimester

Isolation of blood at a later date of bearing a child (in the second, third trimester) is a serious reason for contacting a specialist. Such reactions are not the norm and may indicate pathological processes. In the presence of abundant discharge of red or brown color, pain, seek medical help immediately, it is advisable to call an ambulance.

Why do periods go during pregnancy

If you experience pain, heaviness in the lower or lateral part of the abdomen, bleeding (especially strong) at any time, a doctor's consultation is necessary. These unpleasant symptoms may indicate serious pathologies, because menstruation during pregnancy is physiologically impossible. They are called:

• ectopic pregnancy;
• detachment of the placenta;
• hormonal disorders;
• internal mechanical damage (for example, during intercourse);
• infectious diseases;
• inflammatory processes;
• risk of miscarriage;
• pathological conditions of the fetus;
• premature birth.

Normal intrauterine development of the fetus depends on the hormonal background. With an insufficient amount of progesterone (the main hormone of pregnancy), the endometrium begins to contract, which leads to a miscarriage, its walls remain thin and the embryo cannot gain a foothold in the uterus. An excess of male hormones is another reason for the detachment of the fetal egg and the occurrence of bleeding. To stabilize the condition, the woman is prescribed hospitalization and hormone therapy.

The threat of miscarriage occurs not only against the background of hormonal disorders, but also for physiological reasons. Among them are endometriosis (excessive growth of the internal mucous membrane), fibroids (benign tumor of the uterus). These diseases prevent the normal attachment of the embryo, it lacks nutrition and is rejected by the mother's body.

Bleeding during childbearing causes premature detachment of the placenta. This can happen at any time. The condition poses a threat to the life of the mother due to the occurrence of bleeding and for the fetus, because the supply of oxygen and nutrients to it stops. The complication has varying degrees of severity, but requires immediate hospitalization of the woman and special therapeutic measures. With complete detachment of the placenta, fetal death is inevitable.

An ectopic pregnancy is a dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg develops in the fallopian tube. As the fetus grows, it stretches and the risk of rupture increases. Violation of the integrity of the tube causes internal bleeding. In this case, the woman needs urgent hospitalization. Symptoms of the pathological condition are:

• pains in the lower abdomen, which increase as the fetus grows, they are especially pronounced when walking, running, changes in body position;
• dark spotting (in appearance and character resemble menstruation);
• low concentration of hCG.

The gynecologist determines the position of the fetus in the fallopian tube using ultrasound and performs laparoscopy (surgical intervention using an endoscope) or abdominal surgery to extract it. At the first suspicion of an ectopic pregnancy, you should consult a doctor. An urgent operation is performed to avoid rupture of the tube and prevent bleeding.

Bleeding in pregnant women may be associated with fetal abnormalities caused by genetic disorders. A non-viable embryo stops developing and is rejected. A similar phenomenon can occur during multiple pregnancy, when one embryo develops normally, and the mother's body tries to get rid of the second. This happens for various reasons - poor implantation, pathological developmental disorders.

How to distinguish between menstruation and bleeding

Only in the first month after conception can there be spotting, but they differ in color and intensity from normal menstruation. The danger arises when pregnancy is desired, but the woman does not yet know about it. In this case, you need to know the distinctive features of normal menstruation from bleeding during pregnancy:

Any bleeding is deadly, and if it occurs during pregnancy, the life of the unborn child is at risk. In some cases, doctors have to sacrifice the fetus to save the woman. If bleeding is suspected, it is strictly forbidden to take painkillers and hemostatic drugs on your own. The doctor will conduct an examination, determine the cause of bleeding and the degree of danger. It is important to remember what caused the deterioration. Blood discharge during the period of bearing a child can provoke the following factors:

• excessive physical activity;
• overwork;
• stress;
• lifting and carrying weights;
• long journey;
• overheating;
• taking certain medicines;
• smoking, drinking large amounts of alcoholic beverages.

Symptoms of pregnancy with menstruation

The reaction of a woman's body to the onset of pregnancy is individual. Some of its symptoms appear already in the first month, others have no symptoms at the initial stage. It all depends on hormonal changes. The egg after ovulation is ready for fertilization 12-24 hours. The first symptoms of pregnancy will begin to appear no earlier than 7-10 days, when the embryo is attached to the endometrium. At this time, he begins to secrete the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin).

With successful conception, the nature of menstruation will change or they will not come at all. In the first case, you need to focus on other signs:

• during the entire luteal phase, the basal temperature (the lowest temperature of a person during a period of rest, for example, during sleep) remains high;
• morning sickness;
• dizziness;
• breast enlargement, it becomes tuberculous, veins are visible, the nipples darken and increase in size;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• increased secretion of cervical mucus;
• drowsiness;
• implantation bleeding (may be 8-10 days after ovulation, the discharge is not as bright as during menstruation);
• constipation;
• change in taste preferences;
• acute reaction to odors;
• frequent mood swings;
• weight gain.

When to See a Doctor Immediately

Bleeding in late pregnancy is a medical emergency. It must be stopped in a hospital to save the life of the mother and child. You should not postpone a visit to the doctor if you experience the following symptoms:

• fainting;
• Strong headache;
• excessive pallor;
• bright scarlet spotting with clots;
• acute pain, spasms;
• nausea, vomiting.

Can pregnancy continue after menstruation?

With a positive pregnancy test, menstruation is not dangerous. This may be in the early stages and has a physiological explanation (“washing the fetus”, implantation bleeding, simultaneous maturation of two eggs, prolonged stay of a fertilized egg in the fallopian tube). In this case, the embryo is preserved, and the period of intrauterine development proceeds normally.

To exclude the diagnosis of "placental abruption", other pathologies, with the appearance of even minor blood secretions, it is better to consult a doctor. With abundant spotting in pregnant women, it is necessary to establish the cause of the anomaly. With its timely detection, doctors conduct intensive therapy to save the woman and her unborn child.

Video

Is pregnancy and menstruation possible in the first month of pregnancy? Is there any danger in this? When a woman has a delay in the menstrual cycle, this indicates a possible conception.

Doctors are not surprised or scared if a woman has her period at the beginning of pregnancy. It is believed that such a phenomenon can occur if conception occurs at the end of the cycle, that is, the embryo has not yet fixed in the uterus (it needs some time for this) and the female body has not yet responded to the presence of a new life. In this case, in the first month of pregnancy, periods are possible, which are considered normal. If in the next cycle menstruation stops, then everything is fine. But provided that in the next months the woman again has full periods, you should consult a doctor.

In addition, the fetal egg is fixed in the uterine wall for 1-2 weeks. From this moment, pregnancy occurs, and menstruation may be discharge that accompanies the fixation of the embryo. As a rule, such bleeding is not very heavy, but if a woman had meager periods before conception, then she may well confuse this process with them.

After fertilization occurs, the fertilized egg begins its journey to the place of attachment - to the uterus. Once in the reproductive organ, it connects to the uterine layer, which can be injured. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that, for reasons not yet understood, the place of attachment may change, which again leads to injury and bleeding.

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Etiology of the phenomenon

It is possible to talk about the normal appearance of menstruation during the bearing of a child only in the first month. Further, such a condition may already be pathological, and if any bleeding occurs, an urgent consultation with a doctor is needed.

As mentioned above, in the first month the embryo is attached to the uterine walls, this may be accompanied by damage to small vessels that are located in the endometrium. Naturally, the blood will come out, which can be confused with menstruation, especially if conception occurred in the middle of the cycle. Attachment of the embryo is carried out after a couple of weeks, which coincides with the end of the cycle and the arrival of menstruation. This phenomenon is completely safe for both mother and unborn child.

However, there is also another reason. Menstruation in the first month of pregnancy may indicate hormonal disorders. They can be the result of inflammatory processes in the female area, infections, stress, etc. In this case, you need to carefully monitor the nature of menstrual bleeding and contact a specialist if they change. In such a situation, in the first month of pregnancy, a reaction similar to menstruation is also not dangerous, the main thing is that this does not happen again. But it’s still worth reporting the incident to the doctor, you may have to slightly adjust the hormonal background so that the growth and development of the embryo proceeds correctly.

A woman who has her period during the first month of pregnancy should not confuse it with bleeding. The latter is a dangerous symptom for both mother and baby. The causes of bleeding can be different, they can only be determined by diagnostic means. The main difference between bleeding and menstruation is severe pain. In the first case, you should immediately consult a doctor, as this may be a threat of termination of pregnancy.

Other reasons

The appearance of menstruation in the first month of pregnancy may be associated with douching or sexual intercourse. If the cause was hormonal disorders, then perhaps they were provoked by drugs, stress, inflammation, poor ecology and many other factors.

Rarely enough, but there is also such a situation when two eggs mature in one cycle, while the process occurs in both ovaries. One of them is fertilized, and life is born in it, and the second is excreted by the body, which is menstruation.

If a woman had cervical erosion before pregnancy, then in the first weeks she may experience discharge, but they cannot be called full-fledged menstruation, it is rather meager spotting. It is quite possible to treat erosion, being in an interesting position. In addition, there are cases when self-healing occurs. This phenomenon is most likely associated with an increase in the concentration of hormones during pregnancy.

Frozen pregnancy

A frozen pregnancy is also accompanied by severe pain in the lower abdomen and slight spotting. This is the name of the sudden cessation of development and growth of the embryo. A woman experiences discomfort, which in its intensity resembles pain during menstruation, and the most important sign of a missed pregnancy is the abrupt cessation of swelling in the chest.

If toxicosis was noted, then you also stop it, the basal temperature drops, that is, the whole body says that there is no pregnancy. Often the woman herself feels the moment when the embryo has already stopped developing. This pregnancy cannot be saved. The causes of pathology can be viral diseases or stressful situations. The final diagnosis should be made by the doctor, but it is not worth delaying the visit and waiting for the fetus to begin to develop. The embryo may begin to decompose in utero, and this threatens with sepsis.

Ectopic pregnancy

An ectopic pregnancy is another pathology that is accompanied by bleeding. Modern medicine has not yet found a way in which such a pregnancy could be maintained, it must be interrupted. In this case, the embryo is not attached to the uterine wall, but in any other place in the abdominal cavity. Most often this happens in the fallopian tubes. The fallopian tubes are not intended for the development of life in them, and there is no place for the growth of the fetus in them, therefore, with the development and increase in the size of the embryo, the organ may burst, which will lead to its removal (in the most favorable outcome).

The pain that occurs during an ectopic pregnancy is nothing more than an attempt by the tube to push out the fetal egg. They are very sharp and can give into the anus, leg, hypochondrium and collarbone. Also, the woman feels dizzy, nausea and weakness. If you do not see a doctor in time, then intra-abdominal bleeding may begin, the woman's condition will worsen, and the pain will intensify.

Bloody discharge from the vagina is the rejection of the uterine membrane, which was created for implantation. When a tube ruptures, a woman begins to experience very severe pain, her pulse quickens, blood pressure drops, cold sweat and loss of consciousness may appear. These symptoms indicate that a large amount of blood has spilled into the abdominal cavity. Based on the foregoing, an ectopic pregnancy must be diagnosed and terminated very urgently.

Diagnosis of pathological processes

You can identify pathology during pregnancy by looking at a blood test for hCG. Its level tends to decrease, not increase. In the case of some abnormal processes, the result will be several times lower than the norm. If there is a suspicion of an ectopic pregnancy, then an ultrasound should be done - there will be no fetal egg in the uterus.

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If a frozen pregnancy is diagnosed, then the size of the fetal egg will be much smaller than it should be at this time. There will also be no heartbeat. A complete and deep examination is indicated when the size of the uterus is too small and does not correspond to the norm at a certain gestational age, and its increase is not expected.

The expectant mother should carefully monitor her health and, at the slightest deviation, consult her doctor. After all, now she is responsible not only for herself, but also for another life.