Cicatricial deformity of the cervix: causes, consequences, methods of treatment. Cicatricial deformity of the cervix How to treat cicatricial deformity of the cervix

Every woman, entering reproductive age, certainly thinks about procreation. But, unfortunately, today more and more women cannot get pregnant for various reasons. One of these reasons is the deformation of the cervix.

A deformed cervix is ​​an anatomically altered cervix and cervical canal, due to scars formed at the site.

Causes of cervical deformity

Why does the neck deformity occur? A deformed cervix occurs when:

• postpartum injuries, in which sutures were poorly applied and rough scars formed in their place;
• inflammatory adhesions;
• operations;
• the presence of cysts;
• unsuccessful abortions.

The most common is the deformation of the cervix after childbirth due to ruptures. In childbirth, sutures are often poorly applied and rough scars form in their place. Accordingly, there is a deformation with an open cervical canal, which contributes to the entry of all kinds of infections into the body.

Consequences of cervical deformity

Unfortunately, the main consequence of such a diagnosis is infertility, because it is almost impossible to conceive and safely bear a child with such a diagnosis.

Diagnosis and treatment of cervical deformity

A deformed neck is diagnosed very easily during a routine gynecological examination.

Usually, a woman is offered as a treatment. This operation is very simple, bearing a therapeutic character. The main methods of plastics are the use of a laser, radio waves, cryodestruction and diathermic methods. The operation is carried out 3-6 months after childbirth, subject to the end of the lactation period. Rehabilitation lasts a month and a half, and after a woman will be able to plan a pregnancy again.

There are many diseases and problems of the female genital area, and all of them require proper treatment in order to preserve the ability of a woman to have children and ensure the normal functioning of the body. Some pathologies are widespread, and there are those that are rare, but can end in failure. One of them is the deformation of the cervix.

Collapse

What is a disease?

Deformation of the uterus is a change in the normal position of the cervix and part of the vagina. There are many reasons for the formation of pathology, but it should be noted that the disease is diagnosed relatively rarely. Deformations include:

• Circular canal of the cervix.
• Narrowing of the lumen.
• Violation of the patency of the neck.
• Length reduction.
• Cicatricial changes.

Pathology may not always show its symptoms and it is problematic to correct this deviation from the norm until a woman visits a gynecologist.

Causes

A deformed cervix is ​​a congenital pathology or develops as a result of certain conditions. If we are talking about a hereditary form, then, as a rule, abnormalities in the development of other genital organs, such as the uterus or vagina, are diagnosed along the way.

But most often, the deformation of the neck occurs under the influence of the following factors:

• The formation of adhesions in the pelvic organs.
• Deformation after a rough intervention, for example, an abortion.
• Scar formation as a result of gynecological procedures.
• Ruptures of the cervix during labor.

Depending on the cause of the pathology, it is either amenable to adjustment or not.

Symptoms of pathology

The disease is characterized by the fact that up to a certain point it can proceed without obvious signs. It is found only when a woman has problems conceiving or bearing a baby, or at the next examination by a doctor.

But still, some features of the course of the disease can be noted:

• With the circular canal of the cervix, no changes are observed. But the problem appears during labor, when the muscle fibers of the neck contract incorrectly, which prevents it from opening.
• If the cervix is ​​narrowed, then this can manifest itself as a violation of menstruation. It becomes more scarce due to the existing barrier to the normal outflow of blood.
• With obstruction of the cervix, there is a delay in menstruation, blood accumulates in the uterus. The woman has abdominal pain, tension of the abdominal wall.
• An elongated neck can affect sexual intercourse, or rather the sensations of a woman during it. Sexual desire decreases, and orgasm is dulled due to an insufficient number of receptors.
• A shortened cervix can make itself felt while carrying a baby. The risk of miscarriage and premature birth increases.
• Cicatricial deformity of the cervix can manifest itself as pain during intimacy. Over time, inflammatory processes of the pelvic organs may develop.

Considering that the pathology is often asymptomatic, it is important for timely diagnosis and treatment to be regularly examined by a doctor.

Varieties of the disease

Pathology is of two types:

Despite the fact that pathological changes may not manifest themselves in any way or give minor symptoms, a woman should see a doctor at the slightest suspicion of deviations from the norm.

If cicatricial deformity is detected, then effective treatment can restore the natural state of the cervix.

Diagnosis of the disease

If a woman begins to feel unpleasant symptoms, then you should not self-diagnose and self-medicate. You need to hurry to see a gynecologist. An accurate diagnosis is made on the basis of:

• Interviews with the patient. The doctor will ask the woman about signs and suspicious symptoms, ask how long ago she began to experience them, what preceded this.
• Then an inspection is required. In the mirrors, a strong defect can be seen immediately, especially if it is a cicatricial deformity.
• To clarify the diagnosis, the gynecologist will take a smear for cytological examination.
• Bacteriological tests are required.
• A colposcopy is prescribed, which allows you to examine the surface of the cervical canal, to identify complications.
• Biopsy required.
• Cervicometry is used - this is an ultrasound examination of the uterus, which allows you to immediately recognize cicatricial changes, visualize the heterogeneous structure of the cervix.
• Urine and blood tests, as a rule, are not prescribed, since there are no changes there with such pathologies.
• If a woman has a congenital deformity, then it is required to take tests for hormone levels.

Is it possible to give birth with a deformity of the cervix?

Of course, no one can forbid a woman to give birth, but it must be borne in mind that this pathology can complicate the process of bearing a baby and childbirth. The following facts can be noted:

• If a narrowing of the canal is diagnosed, then this can lead to a violation of labor activity, the uterus does not open well, which may be an indication for a caesarean section.
• A shortened neck does not prevent fertilization, but, as a rule, it is rather difficult for a woman to bear a baby, and premature births are often observed.
• An elongated cervix can interfere with the proper attachment of the placenta. And in the process of giving birth to a baby, it cannot fully open, which makes it difficult for the child to pass through the birth canal of the mother. There is a danger of developing oxygen deficiency.

All these risks can be eliminated if, before planning a pregnancy, you undergo a complete examination and identify existing pathologies.

Therapy

The tactics of treatment, if cervical curvature is diagnosed, is selected for each patient purely individually. The method of therapy will depend on several factors:

• The severity of pathology and its varieties.
• Does the woman plan to have children in the future.
• age.
• The presence of chronic diseases.

The main task of treatment is the elimination of cicatricial changes and the return of the cervix to its natural position. We can name the main methods of therapy:

1. Medical treatment.
2. destructive ways.
3. Surgical intervention.

As for drug therapy, it is only advisable if the neck deformity is provoked by hormonal disorders or inflammatory pathologies. The choice of drugs will depend on the causative agent of the infection or the degree of lack of hormones.

Destructive methods include:

• Cryodestruction - removal of affected tissues after freezing with liquid nitrogen.
• Diathermocoagulation. The deformed areas are exposed to high frequency currents.
• Laser plastic.

These methods will help to cope with the pathology, if the changes are minor. Otherwise, operational methods are used:

1. excision method. Scar tissue is removed, but the method of operation is selected individually. Can be used: laser, radio waves.
2. If the cervical canal is narrowed or there is an obstruction, then bougienage is performed using a special tool. It should be noted that most often the procedure is required to be carried out several times.
3. In the presence of large curvatures or cicatricial lesions, an operation is performed followed by a neck plasty.

After surgical reconstruction, the birth of a baby in a natural way is impossible.

Recovery after surgery takes about 10 days, but given the complexity, it can be up to 3 months.

Complications and consequences

The disease is treatable, although it will take a lot of time and effort. In the absence of effective treatment, pathology is fraught with the development of the following complications:

• The development of cervicitis, endometritis, which increases the risk of erosion.
• The risk of keratinization of the tissues of the cervical canal increases.
• Violation of the formation of the epithelium.
• Tissue death and development of malignant tumors.
• The strongest inflammatory processes.
• With the cicatricial form of the disease, the ability to conceive is reduced.
• The risk of premature birth and miscarriage increases.

The consequences are not pleasant, but a timely diagnosis will allow you to choose an effective therapy and get rid of the pathology.

It is impossible to make sure to avoid damage to the cervix and its deformation. But only an attentive attitude to one's health significantly reduces the risk of developing the disease. Proper treatment tactics will prevent the development of serious complications.

Content

The female reproductive system is represented by a hollow organ - the uterus, the neck of which performs barrier and mechanical functions, as well as the ovaries and tubes. Violation of the functioning of one of the components will certainly lead to a change in the work of the other. One of the diagnosed pathologies in obstetrics and gynecology is cicatricial deformity of the cervix - what is it?

Characteristic

Most often, connective tissue grows at the site of the ectropion. Ectropion appears as a result of ruptures of the muscles and mucous neck. In this case, the external cervical pharynx is deformed, turning into the vaginal canal. Sagging areas are exposed to the acidic environment of the vagina.

Due to the altered acidity, the risk of inflammation increases. Such unhealthy processes introduce an imbalance in the nutrition of epithelial cells. As a result, the formula of the produced mucus is broken, which leads to infectious attacks.

Thus, cicatricial deformity is a pathological change in the cervical canal, which provokes a violation of the anatomical shape of the cervix. The result of tissue ruptures is excessive growth of connective tissue, narrowing, fusion and scarring.

Such injuries are characterized by different lengths and depths, and can also affect the uterus. The cicatricial formation, as it forms, becomes denser, becomes inextensible. As a result, the cervical canal either narrows or cannot close completely. This leads to a number of complications both during pregnancy and in everyday life. Violation of the anatomy of the cervical canal leads to an increase in the likelihood of penetration of pathogenic flora into the uterus. During the bearing of a child, there is a risk of developing isthmic-cervical insufficiency.

Cicatricial deformity can lead to the inability to become pregnant and carry a child.

A number of reasons lead to the formation of cicatricial lesions.

• Complicated childbirth. With rapid delivery, ruptures of the cervical region occur. Also, the large weight of the fetus and its incorrect location contribute to ruptures. The risk of scarring increases in nulliparous women after thirty years.
• Incorrect suturing. This procedure requires high skill and experience of the doctor. With incorrect suturing or excessive tightening of the medical thread, the recovery process can be complicated, causing deformity.
• Mechanical violation of the integrity of the epithelium. During gynecological procedures, abortions, operations, the instruments used damage the mucous membrane of the cervical canal.
• The result of conization and destruction of pathological formations using electrotechnologies in gynecology (diathermocoagulation, electric loop).

In rare cases, the pathology can be congenital, and be accompanied by diseases of the genitourinary system.

Often, cicatricial deformity of the cervix does not manifest itself. Occasionally, nonspecific symptoms are fixed, which can also be observed with another gynecological ailment:

• pathological discharge of a purulent nature;
• bloody issues;
• pain during intercourse.

If the described signs are ignored and a belated appeal to a gynecologist, the pathology is complicated by endometritis, erosion, tissue keratinization, and even provokes the development of carcinoma.

Treatment

A qualified gynecologist will notice cicatricial deformity already at the initial examination. The doctor examines the neck with the help of mirrors, takes biological material for cytology. For a more detailed examination, a colposcopy is performed, which demonstrates cicatricial changes on an enlarged scale. The doctor also collects the affected tissue for a biopsy.

The advantage of surgical methods of treatment pathology is not only the complete removal of cicatricial lesions, but also the possibility of examining the excised tissue for the presence of atypical cells.

After the studies and confirmation of the diagnosis, the doctor chooses an individual treatment regimen for cicatricial deformity of the cervix, taking into account:

• age range;
• hormonal background;
• the area of ​​the affected surface;
• related diseases.

The main task of treatment is to restore cervical integrity, contributing to the normalization of the protective properties of the reproductive system. Therapy with pharmacological agents makes sense only in case of hormonal dysfunction or inflammation. In other cases, cicatricial lesions are removed.

The doctor determines the necessary type of intervention depending on the degree of damage and the age of the patient.

• Exposure to radio waves, laser and electric current. Through radio wave treatment, the affected parts of the tissues are rejected. Diathermocoagulation, laser vaporization are also used. Destructive ablative methods are considered sparing, they are effective for small cicatricial changes. Such treatment is successfully used in young women who have not yet given birth, since there is a rapid regeneration of the cervical lining.
• Conization. Cut off the cone-shaped part of the affected neck. Such radical treatments are used in women who have left the reproductive period.

It should be understood that after the removal of many scars, an additional operation will be required - plastic restoration of the neck.

After surgical interventions, treatment is carried out aimed at blockade of inflammation, regeneration of the vaginal microflora. In addition, it is necessary to take preventive measures to prevent recurrence of deformity in the cervical canal. For this, proteolytic enzymes are used - Longidase, Wobenzym - the most popular drugs.

When diagnosing cicatricial deformity during pregnancy, you should be regularly observed by a gynecologist. Since such a pathological condition of the cervix can adversely affect the course of pregnancy. In addition, there is a possibility of intrauterine infection due to the unhindered penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the uterine cavity.

In difficult cases and when diagnosing isthmic-cervical insufficiency, sutures are applied to the cervix. An alternative to surgical interventions during childbearing is the placement of an obstetric pessary that supports the cervix until delivery.

With timely detection of deformed tears and their correct excision, recovery occurs without deformation.

Cicatricial deformity of the cervix is ​​a serious pathology that requires competent treatment. Reconstructive operations restore the healthy shape of the cervix and its protective functions.

N88 Other noninflammatory diseases of cervix

Causes of cervical deformity

Cervical deformity can develop after certain conditions, and can also be a congenital pathology. It often happens that the development of the female reproductive system is disturbed at a certain point, and various anomalies in the structure of the female organs develop, including the cervix. Congenital anomalies, as a rule, are accompanied by concomitant anomalies of other genital organs - the vagina, uterus. More often in women of reproductive age there are acquired anomalies in the structure of the cervical canal, which occurs as a result of adhesive processes, scars, deformities after various surgical interventions. Cervical deformities include conditions that are accompanied by a violation of the structure and integrity of the cervix and cervical canal - this is the circular canal of the cervix, narrowing of the cervical canal and its obstruction, elongated cervix, shortening of the cervix or isthmic-cervical insufficiency, cicatricial and post-traumatic deformities cervix.

The circular canal of the cervix is ​​a pathology in which the canal has a funnel-shaped shape due to the incorrect arrangement of muscle fibers in the circular direction. This pathology can occur with ruptures of the internal genital organs due to childbirth and their surgical treatment - suturing, in the future this may be the cause of such a process with improper tissue healing. In this case, the anatomical arrangement of the muscle fibers of the cervix is ​​disturbed, and it can no longer contract, as before, which further contributes to the manifestation of a particular clinical picture.

The narrowing of the cervical canal is its size less than 5 millimeters. At the same time, a woman of reproductive age may already experience symptoms in the form of a menstrual cycle disorder of the type of oligomenorrhea, since the narrow cervical canal may interfere with normal menstruation, which prolongs the period of menstruation with a small amount of discharge. As for pregnancy, this can be a direct threat to normal labor activity, in case of poor opening of the cervix and an indication for caesarean section. The extreme degree of narrowing of the cervical canal is its obstruction. Obstruction of the cervical canal of the cervix is ​​when a mechanical obstruction is formed in the cervical canal, which can cause further deformities.

An elongated cervix is ​​a pathology in which the length of the cervix is ​​more than 45 millimeters, and this is often accompanied by a change in the consistency of the uterus and the thickness of the uterine os.

Shortening of the cervix or isthmic-cervical insufficiency is a condition in which the length of the cervix is ​​less than 35 millimeters, and this is often 20-25, which is a future risk of miscarriage and requires correction.

Cicatricial and post-traumatic deformities of the cervix are the most common cause of the development of various pathologies in the future. The most common cause is trauma to the genital organs after childbirth, ruptures of the cervix, damage with incorrect positions of the fetus, improperly applied sutures or the consequences of their scarring, violations of the technique of surgical interventions on the cervix.

All these causes can disrupt the normal physiological structure of the cervix, and in response to such foreign bodies, regeneration and proliferation of connective tissue develops, and later scar tissue develops, which contributes to tissue deformation.

Symptoms of cervical deformity

Features of the clinical course of various deformities of the cervix are that the symptoms are often not expressed before the onset of complications and the course is asymptomatic. When certain problems arise with pregnancy, childbirth or the course of certain diseases, only then can this pathology be found. But there are some peculiarities in the clinic of some cervical deformities.

The circular canal of the cervix is ​​a deformation that may not manifest itself in any way due to its insignificance, that is, all physiological processes in the uterus and ovaries do not suffer. Problems may arise during the next pregnancy, when there may be discoordination of labor due to improper contraction of the muscle fibers of the circular canal of the cervix, which prevents the normal opening of the cervix.

With narrowing of the cervical canal, the first signs of this pathology may manifest as a violation of the ovarian-menstrual cycle due to the occurrence of a mechanical obstruction in the path of the normal menstrual function of the endometrium. But such changes may not be frequent, and the narrowing of the canal may be asymptomatic. In the case when the deformation of the uterus, in this situation, narrowing, reaches an extreme degree, then obstruction of the cervix develops - this is a condition that may already have pronounced clinical manifestations. Symptoms of this type of deformation can be the formation of a mechanical barrier, which in women of reproductive age can cause a delay in menstrual blood with its accumulation in the uterine cavity and the formation of an acute condition in gynecology - a hematometer. Then there is a clinic of acute pain in the abdomen, tension of the anterior abdominal wall, and the anamnesis data indicate a delay in menstruation for several weeks or several times in a row.

An elongated cervix is ​​a pathology that is also often asymptomatic. Sometimes in women who have not given birth before, the first signs of the disease may be dyspareunia - a violation of the normal process of sexual intercourse, in which a woman does not get pleasure and sexual desire decreases. This is due to the fact that the elongated cervix does not have a sufficient number of receptors and blood supply may be poor, which disrupts normal sexual intercourse. There are no painful sensations, since the internal structure is not changed and there are no obstacles. Often a symptom of this type of deformity can be infertility, as there are problems with conception due to the fact that the sperm cannot reach the fallopian tube for the normal fertilization process. Also, a dense mucous plug can form in the elongated cervical canal, which has an acidic environment, which also prevents the passage of the sperm.

Symptoms of a long cervix may manifest for the first time during pregnancy or already during childbirth. During pregnancy, the normal attachment of the placenta may be disturbed, since the anatomical structure of the uterine os is disturbed and the placenta may have a central, lateral or low attachment. There may also be problems in childbirth - there are obstacles to the normal passage of the child through the birth canal, since the elongated cervix is ​​​​not sufficiently expanded and the head of the child or the presenting part may be in the same plane for a long time, which increases the risk of hypoxia and may require additional methods - the imposition of obstetric forceps . This can further injure the birth canal and lead to secondary deformities of the cervix.

Shortening of the cervix, as a type of deformation, has clinical symptoms during pregnancy, since there is a threat of abortion. This is due to the fact that normally the length of the cervix throughout pregnancy should be at least 35 millimeters, then at 34-36 weeks the length of the cervix decreases as it prepares for childbirth, and at the same time its length is approximately 34-36 millimeters, but maybe 30 and this is considered a normative indicator. In case of discrepancy with these indicators, there may be pathological childbirth or complications in childbirth in the form of premature discharge of amniotic fluid, cord entanglement, therefore this type of deformation requires timely diagnosis and treatment.

Cicatricial and post-traumatic deformities of the cervix very often do not manifest themselves in any way, but they require increased attention in women of reproductive age. These deformities occur after traumatic childbirth, and symptoms may appear as early as the next pregnancy. In this case, the normal contraction and opening of the cervix will be disrupted, which may contribute to protracted labor or, due to pronounced cicatricial changes, may become an indicator for a caesarean section. The first signs of such deformities may be pain during intercourse, which can be caused by scarring of the cervix, which disrupt normal contraction during arousal and disrupt the outflow of blood from the veins of the pelvis. Secondarily, congestion in the pelvis may develop with further inflammatory or other diseases of the female reproductive system.

Cicatricial deformity of the cervix most often occurs with a large fetus or with incorrect positions of the fetus. Deformation of the cervix after childbirth can also be asymptomatic, so it is necessary to carefully examine the birth canal and properly manage the postpartum period.

Complications and consequences

Given the fact that the deformation of the cervix in most cases is asymptomatic, very often these conditions are diagnosed already when complications appear. Such complications can appear already during childbirth, then it is very dangerous. Fetal hypoxia may occur if there is a violation of its passage through the birth canal, as well as birth injuries, cephalohematomas and other disorders of the fetus.

Diagnosis of cervical deformity

The asymptomatic course of various types of cervical deformities complicates timely diagnosis. Complaints in such patients are absent, and during examination, special changes are not determined.

But still, it is necessary to carefully examine a woman, even during a routine examination. When examining women with such deformities, there are no special changes: no complaints or symptoms are detected during a bimanual vaginal examination. Examination in the mirrors is also uninformative due to the fact that only the neck itself is visible, but if the cicatricial deformities are very pronounced, then changes can be seen. Then it is not difficult to suspect the diagnosis. It is necessary to carefully collect a general history and an obstetric history detailing the number of births, their course, consequences, because this will help to find out if this woman has risk factors.

Analyzes do not allow us to suspect this pathology, since general clinical laboratory tests - a complete blood count, urine - are normal. The absence of changes in the general blood test allows only to exclude inflammatory diseases. Special laboratory studies - a smear of the cervical canal for flora and dysplasia - were also not changed in the absence of concomitant pathology.

Instrumental diagnostics is the "gold standard" in the diagnosis of various types of deformity, since it allows you to visualize any changes.

Changes in the size of the cervical canal can be diagnosed using ultrasound. To do this, use a special method - cervicometry - this method consists in an ultrasound examination of the cervix with the measurement of its size. So it becomes possible to measure the length of the cervix, its width and the size of the uterine os, which makes it possible to judge the pathology of elongation, shortening of the cervix. Also, ultrasound can detect cicatricial deformities of the cervix, if they are significant, since the heterogeneous structure of the cervix is ​​visualized.

Differential Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of various deformities should be carried out primarily with various functional disorders during childbirth. Since the first signs of cervical deformation can occur during childbirth, it is necessary to clearly differentiate the secondary weakness of labor activity with anatomical disorders of the cervix in the form of its deformation. With the weakness of labor activity, the cervix opens, but its dynamics is not sufficient for normal childbirth. With deformations of the cervix, it cannot open and its uneven structure is visualized.

It is also necessary to conduct a differential diagnosis of cervical deformity, which occurs with infertility. Then many inflammatory factors can be excluded, and the cause of infertility may be different. To do this, it is necessary to carefully examine a woman with a mandatory hysterography, which allows you to identify defects not only in the cervix, but also in the uterine cavity itself.

Treatment of cervical deformity

Treatment of cervical deformity between births or in women of non-reproductive age is not required, as this condition is not dangerous. In case of infertility, preparation for pregnancy or during pregnancy, measures must be taken, as complications may occur.

Treatment of cervical deformity before childbirth can be conservative and operative. It includes the complex action of massage to improve the outflow of blood and lymph, physical exercises to strengthen the muscles of the pelvis and perineum as a coordinated action of these muscles during childbirth, as well as medical methods.

Since deformities are anatomical disorders, drug treatments may be ineffective in the radical correction of this pathology, there can only be symptomatic therapy for certain conditions that are caused by cervical deformity. For example, if the normal opening of the uterine os is disturbed due to a long cervix or deformation, labor is stimulated. This can be done using mechanical methods - a Foley catheter or with the help of amniotomy or manual detachment of the placenta over a small area. You can also stimulate labor activity by using kelp. Kelp - seaweed, from which special sticks are made, which increase in size by 5-6 times in the vagina and stimulate the opening and smoothing of the cervix. Also widely used prostaglandins E 2 - misoprostol. This drug, called Mirolut, is available in the form of tablets, 4 tablets per pack at a dose of 200 μg of the active substance, and 4 tablets are applied rectally at once. This method of inducing labor with a long cervix is ​​widely used, as it is affordable and effective. You can use prostaglandins in the form of vaginal suppositories or ointments. Such methods of stimulation are possible only in the absence of scars on the uterus, that is, when previous births were carried out naturally.

Operative methods of treatment are of priority in case of significant cervical deformities, since it is possible to correct such deformities. Different methods of surgical treatment are used, depending on the type of pathology. Minimally invasive interventions are often performed for certain indications, since they are less traumatic, especially if pregnancy is also planned. In case of violations of the structure of the cervix due to deformations, such as narrowing or obstruction of the cervical canal, a special procedure is performed - bougienage of the cervical canal. This is an intervention, which consists in expanding the channel with a special tool - bougie. This is most often a metal instrument, which is selected by number, which corresponds to the size of it, and start from the smallest to the widest. Often it is necessary to repeat the procedure several times, because once is not enough. Such intervention is effective at small degrees of narrowing.

In the case of more pronounced deformities and huge cicatricial changes in the cervix, open surgical interventions are performed with further plastic surgery of the cervix. They can carry out a small excision of the deformed part of the cervix and subsequently suture such amputations with the expansion of the cervix. The choice of the method of surgical treatment is carried out individually, taking into account the degree of deformity, age and purpose of treatment.

Alternative treatment of cervical deformity

Alternative methods of treating cervical deformities prevail, since they are not harmful when planning a pregnancy and can reveal a pronounced effect in certain cases. Both herbal and traditional methods are used. If the deformation of the cervix interferes with the normal opening of the cervix already during childbirth, then methods are carried out that contribute to the relaxation of slightly deformed tissues of the cervix.

The main methods used for this are:

• Sea buckthorn oil also, in addition to a relaxing effect, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Sea buckthorn oil, which can be purchased at a pharmacy, is dipped in a tampon and inserted into the vagina for 2 hours, which is best done before bedtime. The course is at least ten procedures.
• Treatment with honey - one tablespoon of honey must be diluted in a liter of boiled water and douching twice a day. Such a course must be completed within 7-10 days. Honey has a pronounced relaxing effect on the uterine myometrium, and also has a bacteriostatic and immunomodulatory effect.
• Using celandine - a tablespoon of dried celandine leaves must be poured with a glass of boiled water and boiled for another five minutes, then allowed to cool and strain. This decoction should be drunk half a cup three times a day for about a week.
• Acacia shows a good effect in the treatment of cervical deformities. To prepare the tincture, it is necessary to collect acacia flowers, dry them, pour them with alcohol and insist in a dark place for at least a day, and then dilute with boiled water, take one tablespoon three times a day. The course of treatment lasts one month.
• Burdock juice perfectly relieves irritation, swelling and has a healing and antispasmodic effect, which enhances the regeneration of the myometrium and improves its ability to relax. To prepare a healing solution from pre-washed burdock leaves, squeeze out the juice and take one teaspoon three times a day for five days, and then one teaspoon twice a day for another five days.

Herbal preparations are also widely used in the treatment of cervical deformities, since they contribute to the normal nervous regulation of the processes of contraction and relaxation of the cervix.

Basic recipes using herbs:

• Recommend a soothing and strengthening herbal tea, which has a hysterotropic effect. For this, raspberry, strawberry and hawthorn leaves are infused in boiled water and boiled for another five to ten minutes, after which they are drunk instead of tea up to four times a day.
• Plantain leaf, horsetail, nettle and lemon balm leaves, dandelion root must be poured with one liter of water and boiled. After that, you need to insist the decoction for 3-4 hours and take a teaspoon before meals in the morning.
• Oregano grass, birch buds, St. John's wort leaves, calendula, chamomile, celandine, linden and string are poured with boiling water, infused and drunk half a cup 4 times a day.
• Hop cones, valerian, linden, coriander, motherwort and oregano must be poured with a liter of hot water and after infusion, drink 2 teaspoons in the morning and evening.
• inflorescences and fruits of blackberries, you can also use blueberries, pour boiling water and insist, add honey for taste and drink a teaspoon three times a day.

Use of homeopathic remedies can be effective if cervical deformities are combined with other hormonal disorders. Homeopathic remedies are also used to treat this pathology. Their main effect is aimed at regulating the normal hormonal background and this contributes to the normalization and tone of the cervix, especially when it is deformed.

The most famous homeopathic medicine that has an effective effect is Caulophyllum, a plant extract that comes in the form of homeopathic granules. During pregnancy, two weeks before childbirth, it is used for prophylactic purposes in case of cervical deformation in the form of 3 granules twice a day. Already during childbirth, with discoordination or weakness of labor activity, the drug is used 3 capsules every half hour.

Another drug used in this case is Pulsatilla. In addition to a pronounced myotropic effect, it also has a relaxing and analgesic effect. This effect contributes to the normalization of the tone of the uterus and the normal dynamics of the opening of the cervix in case of its cicatricial changes. The drug is produced in homeopathic granules and is used in the same dosage and according to the same principle.

The drug Arnica has the same effect, but in addition to the analgesic and hysterotropic action, its additional function is revealed - this is the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. This prevents secondary traumatic injuries.

These are the main methods of treating this pathology, both folk and herbal remedies, and their timely use avoids complications.

Cicatricial deformity of the cervix and pregnancy are dangerous combinations.

This pathology refers to diseases of the genitourinary system. The disease seriously affects the general well-being of a woman.

Often becomes the cause of the development of oncology and damage to healthy tissues.

What it is

Cicatricial deformity of the cervix what it is - not all women know.

This deformity can be congenital or develop as a result of an injury. In most cases, it does not have pronounced clinical symptoms.

In this case, cervical leucorrhoea, pain in the pelvis, an increase in the days of menstruation may occur.

In the process of diagnosis, the doctor conducts a gynecological examination on the armchair, studies the anamnesis. Additionally, colposcopy and laboratory tests can be used.

Surgical methods are used for treatment.

Causes

Scars are created against the background of the anatomical structure of the uterus. This is influenced by processes that cause damage to the epithelium.

The reasons for the deformation of the cervix, which leads to the development of pathology are very diverse.

1. Difficult childbirth. If the cervical canal does not open enough, doctors are forced to use obstetric forceps. Often this leads to trauma and damage to the uterus. Rapid labor can lead to rupture of the cervix.
2. invasive procedures. Abortions, instrumental diagnostics, surgical intervention - lead to damage to the epithelium.
3. Poor quality stitching. The regeneration of the epithelium depends on the correct suturing. Pathology develops with improper elimination of gaps. This may be due to the first and childbirth or instrumental examination.

Sometimes this deformation refers to congenital pathologies. In adulthood, a woman is faced with other diseases that occur against this background.

Often cicatricial deformity is diagnosed during pregnancy.

Symptoms

This pathology is not accompanied by severe symptoms. This significantly complicates the timely diagnosis of cicatricial deformity of the cervix.

The initial stage is accompanied by an increase in the amount of mucous secretions. No other symptoms appear at this stage.

The average degree of damage may be accompanied by pulling, aching pains in the lower abdomen. Sometimes such pain can be given to the lumbar region.

Often, the pathology is accompanied by an infection, cervical discharge may change. They become cloudy, yellow and grey. The menstrual cycle is disturbed. Pain occurs during intercourse.

This disease can make it impossible to conceive a child.

What is dangerous

In any case, such a pathology can adversely affect the course of pregnancy. Scars in the cervical canal may not affect the process of conception.

The presence of cicatricial deformity of the cervix increases the risk of abortion.

In addition, infection of the fetus through the vagina is possible.

In the future, this can cause serious consequences for the health of the child.

A pregnant woman must take care of herself. In the presence of such a pathology, doctors recommend giving up sexual activity until the moment of delivery.

The need for drug therapy is determined by the gynecologist, taking into account the degree of development of cicatricial deformity.

Pathology does not affect the process of childbirth. When the cervix opens on its own, they can pass naturally. But there may be a need.

Often this deformity appears after childbirth. This is affected by severe tears and poorly placed stitches.

Complications

Cicatricial deformity can often cause various complications:

1. Infection leads to chronic cervicitis. The decrease in protective functions in the cervical canal is accompanied by inflammatory processes.
2. The risk of erosion, dysplasia, tumors increases.
3. Can negatively affect childbirth. A woman cannot give birth naturally.
4. Exclusion of the possibility of conceiving a child.
5. Cervical infertility.

In order to avoid such complications, you should visit gynecologists in a timely manner and take preventive measures.

Diagnosis of the disease

The doctor may suspect the presence of this disease, with a careful study of the woman's history. Characteristic factors are invasive procedures. It is especially important to exclude the presence of abortions. Diagnostic methods:

1. Examination by a gynecologist. Inspection on a chair using mirrors will help assess the condition of the cervix. Allows you to determine the presence of scars, breaks. In this technique, the doctor performs palpation of the pharynx.
2. . The diagnostic method under a microscope allows you to study the etiology of scars on the neck and cervical canal.
3. Bacterial studies of mucus. To do this, the doctor makes a fence, to determine the characteristic damage.
4. Laboratory diagnostics. Analyzes, bacteriological crops on the flora will help detect the presence of infection.

Rough scars in this case help to establish the diagnosis faster.

Treatment

If there is a deformation of the cervix, treatment is determined taking into account the complexity of the pathology. The following types of surgery are used:

1. , radio wave and laser radiation. Used to eliminate minor scars, polyps, dysplasia. Ablation is used at the initial stage of pathology development.
2. Tracheloplasty. This method allows you to remove scars and preserve the mucous tissues, the muscle layer. During this therapy, recovery is carried out. This technique is used in the development of moderate and severe cicatricial deformity.
3. Conization. The affected areas are excised or amputated. These operations are classified as radical methods of treatment. Mostly done in women who are older than reproductive age.
4. Purse stitches. May be observed during pregnancy. It affects the inhibition of cervical function. Eliminate such a defect mechanically. In some cases, it is possible to replace the operation with the establishment of obstetric.

The need for drug therapy is determined by the doctor, taking into account the patient's condition. Basically, safe vitamins and drugs are prescribed to normalize the flora in the vagina.

If a woman has a deformity of the cervix after childbirth, the consequences can arise of varying degrees of complexity. Therefore, you should follow the doctor's recommendations.

During pregnancy, purse-string sutures are effective.

To prevent this pathology, it is necessary to undergo examinations at the gynecologist in a timely manner, to register at the antenatal clinic at the time, to undergo a strengthening course before planning a child.

In the presence of cicatricial deformity of the cervix during pregnancy, gynecologists strongly recommend to exclude sexual intercourse.

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