When should antibiotics be taken for a sore throat, and which ones are best for adults? Sore throat what antibiotics to take How to treat a throat if antibiotics do not help.

Antibiotics are substances that inhibit the development and activity of bacterial cells, which leads to their death. It is useless to take them if the causative agent is a virus or fungus.

Antibiotics are not universal drugs. According to the spectrum of action, they are divided into groups: they can destroy several subspecies of bacteria at once or be narrowly targeted - they can kill only one type of microorganism.

Sore throats can be viral, fungal, or bacterial in nature.

The bacterium can provoke the occurrence of such pathologies:

• (tonsillitis);
• epiglottitis;
• scarlet fever;
• diphtheria and others.

In this case, the same disease can appear for different reasons. For example, a sore throat can be fungal, viral, or bacterial.

All of the above pathologies are accompanied by severe symptoms: sore throat, general weakness, signs of intoxication.

Antibacterial drugs are able to destroy not only pathogenic microflora, but also useful, present in the body of a healthy person.

Therefore, their uncontrolled intake threatens the development of such complications:

• allergic reactions;
• bacteria become resistant to the components of the drug, and the disease can become chronic;
• liver disorders and others.

Such conditions do not develop after one-day administration of the drug. But if you take the medicine for several days without taking into account the dosage, complications will make themselves felt.

Indications for antibiotic therapy

If the inflammatory process in the throat is caused by a virus, the use of antibiotics is considered inappropriate, since they effectively fight only infections of bacterial etiology.

Therefore, before prescribing the drug, the exact causative agent of the disease and its sensitivity to the active components of the drug must be identified. For this purpose, the doctor takes, which is later sent for bakposev.

Treatment of the throat with antibiotics may be indicated:

• with severe intoxication of the body, accompanied by dizziness, weakness and general deterioration of well-being;
• with an increase in body temperature to high rates - 38.5 ° and above. If the disease proceeds without fever, it is better to wait a little with the use of antibiotics;
• as a result of an increase in the lymph nodes under the jaw, in the head and neck;

Also, an indication for taking antibiotics is a high likelihood of complications due to the spread of infection to other organs. This is possible with a reduced immunity of the patient and a protracted course of the underlying disease.

A throat medicine containing an antibiotic will quickly relieve the above symptoms. Relief will come a few hours after taking the drug. But treatment should be continued until the disease completely recedes. There should be a persistent absence of symptoms within 1-2 days.

Antibiotics in the treatment of various diseases of the throat

In most cases, a topical antibiotic is enough to clear a throat infection. But if the disease is severe, additional funds are required. At the same time, the treatment of different diseases of the throat is different.

The use of antibiotics for angina

Angina or tonsillitis is an acute infectious disease. It can be caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal infections.

In the treatment of uncomplicated tonsillitis, drugs are prescribed in the form of tablets and syrups. They begin to act after being absorbed into the blood from the stomach. If the disease proceeds with pronounced symptoms and quick help is required to the patient, an antibiotic is prescribed in the form of an injection. They immediately enter the bloodstream and begin to act within a few hours.

For the treatment of tonsillitis, drugs based on penicillin are prescribed. It is a non-toxic substance suitable for all age groups.

The penicillins include:

1. Amoxiclav. It has several forms of release: tablets and powder for suspension. The use of the drug for adults and children over 12 years of age (body weight over 40 kg) with mild and moderate severity of the disease, 250 mg / 125 mg 3 times a day. In severe cases of the disease, 500 mg / 125 mg three times a day or 875 mg / 125 mg twice a day are used. The drug in the form of tablets is not prescribed to children under 12 years of age (weighing less than 40 kg). The maximum daily dose of clavulanic acid is 600 mg for adults and 10 mg/kg of body weight for children. The maximum daily dose of amoxicillin is 6 g for adults and 45 mg/kg of body weight for children. The course of treatment should not last more than 14 days.
2. . For throat therapy, adults are prescribed an antibiotic three times a day, 500 mg each. In the case of a severe course of the disease, the dose is recommended to be doubled (1000 mg each). Children aged 5 to 10 years are prescribed 250 mg. three times a day, from 2 to 5 years, 125 mg three times a day. For very small patients (up to 2 years old), the dosage is 20 mg / kg of the child's body weight. The calculated dose is taken in three divided doses. Antibiotic treatment should not last longer than 10 days.
3. . Adults and children over 12 years of age with mild to moderate infections (body weight over 40 kg) are prescribed 250 mg / 125 mg and 500 mg / 125 mg three times a day, depending on the severity of the disease, or 875 mg / 125 mg twice a day. It is also possible to take a suspension of 11 ml of suspension 400 mg / 57 mg / 5 ml 2 times a day (equivalent to 1 tablet 875 mg / 125 mg). For children from 3 months to 12 years old (body weight less than 40 kg.), I prescribe the drug in the form of a suspension for oral administration. The dose is calculated taking into account the body weight of the child mg / kg body weight per day. Or 125 mg / 31.25 mg in 5 ml 3 times a day; 200 mg / 28.5 mg in 5 ml or 400 mg / 57 mg in 5 ml - 2 times a day. The course of therapy is up to 10 days. The exact dosage is determined only by the attending physician.

Macroliths are also prescribed for the treatment of tonsillitis. Such antibiotics are non-toxic, suitable for the relief of sore throats, both in adults and children. In addition to bacteriostatic and bactericidal, they also have an anti-inflammatory effect. Roxithromycin, Azithromycin, Midecamycin and others may be prescribed.

It is necessary to take drugs only in accordance with the dosage prescribed by the doctor.

With a sore throat, the ENT may also prescribe antibiotics of the cephalosporin group. For example, Cefuroxime can be prescribed for complicated and uncomplicated tonsillitis.

Treatment of pharyngitis

Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa. Bacterial or viral microflora can lead to its development. Streptococcal infection is treated with systemic agents and topical drugs.

For a sore throat caused by pharyngitis, the following antibiotics may be prescribed:

1. Penicillins. These include, Oxacillin, Amoxicillin. These are relatively safe remedies, but with individual intolerance, an allergic reaction may occur.
2. Cephalosporins. They are highly resistant to beta-lactamases. This includes drugs of 4 generations, differing in their spectrum of action. I generation cephalosporins have a narrow spectrum of action (Cefazolin), II generations - kill gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria (Cefaclor), III generations - have a wide spectrum (), IV - the most resistant antibiotics of this group. They can also cause allergic reactions.
3. Macrolides. They are prescribed if the patient has intolerance to drugs of other groups. For example, Sumamed can be used.

In what form to take an antibiotic depends on the severity of the throat disease. With mild severity, it is sufficient to use rinsing solutions and aerosols with an antibiotic. If the disease occurs with a pronounced sore throat, antibiotics are prescribed in tablets or in the form of injections. In diseases of the stomach (ulcer, gastritis), it is better to use injections, since oral antibiotics can cause an exacerbation of the disease.

Therapy of laryngitis

Most often, laryngitis is caused by a virus. The disease also appears with hypothermia and inhalation of various irritants. Very rarely, it can be bacterial in nature and develop like a streptococcal or staphylococcal infection. In such cases, the doctor may prescribe drugs from the following groups - penicillins, fluoroquinolones, or macrolides.

While the test results are being prepared, the doctor may prescribe a broad-spectrum drug to the patient:

1. Ampicillin. Effective antibiotic for sore throat, suitable for adults and children over two years of age. But it is absorbed only by 35-50%, and its half-life is several hours. Therefore, Ampicillin therapy should be intensive.
2. Ticarcillin. It is prescribed if laryngitis is severe and there is a threat of complications in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Suitable for immunosuppressed patients.
3. Tetracycline. The drug acts quickly. But the disadvantage of oral administration is the side effects. The tool can disrupt the intestinal microflora and cause dysbacteriosis.

The doctor may prescribe another drug, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient.

Systemic antibacterial agents

Most often, systemic antibiotics are prescribed for sore throat. They affect the body as a whole, destroying the infection.

These include:

• Penicillins:

1. Augmentin
2. panclave
3. Trifamox
4. (combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid)

• Cephalosporins:

1. Zinnat.
2. Cefixime.
3. Cefuroxime.

• Fluoroquinolones:

1. Levofloxacin.
2. Sparfloxacin.

• Macrolides:

1. Azitral.
2. Sumamed.
3. Azithromycin.
4. Fromilid.

topical antibiotics for sore throat

For the treatment of throat diseases, it is preferable to use a local antibiotic - in the form of sprays, lozenges, rinse solutions. The effect of their use comes quickly, and the patient is relieved.

To relieve sore throat and treat the disease, you can take such local antibiotics:

1. Bioparox. The remedy reduces sore throat and relieves the inflammatory process. Indications for its appointment are the following ENT diseases: pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis, throat abscess and others.
2. Pharyngosept. The release form of the drug is lozenges. The active substance is amazon. Pharyngosept relieves pain and relieves symptoms.
3. Decatylene. It has antifungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The drug does not contain sugar, so patients with diabetes can use it for sore throats.
4. Grammidin C. The active substance is lidocaine hydrochloride. It has analgesic and antibacterial action. The remedy relieves pain immediately after resorption, and the effect persists for half an hour. Auxiliary components - menthol and eucalyptus oil. Menthol enhances the analgesic effect, and eucalyptus oil softens the mucous membrane, promotes the healing of microtraumas.
5. As an aid to sore throat, Trachisan may be prescribed. It quickly eliminates discomfort, but for the effect to appear, it must be taken every 2 hours. Therapeutic course - 5 days. If the pain in the throat after the use of Trachisan does not go away, you should consult with your doctor about the further use of this drug.

What antibiotics for sore throat can pregnant women?

Antibiotics are not recommended for pregnant women. They can harm the fetus, cause abnormalities in its development, or even provoke a miscarriage. It is especially forbidden to take antibacterial agents for pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy, when the development of the fetus is just beginning.

There are bacterial infection complications that are much more dangerous for the mother and her child than a course of antibiotic therapy. The doctor selects the drug and dosage for the safest and most effective treatment.

If a sore throat in pregnant women cannot do without the use of antibiotics, the following drugs can be used:

1. Antibacterial agents: Azithromycin, Amoxicillin, Cefazolin, Ampicillin.
2. Antihistamines. They are prescribed for pain and sore throat, which are caused by an allergic reaction. During pregnancy, a single dose of Suprastin is allowed. It is also possible to receive the following antiallergic drugs Loratodin, Zodak, Cetirizine.
3. . The following antiviral drugs are prescribed, which are allowed during pregnancy and. Their use is permissible in children's dosage for prophylaxis during the acute respiratory infections epidemic.

Also, expectant mothers are prescribed gentle antibacterial drugs with a minimum concentration, which are absorbed into the blood in a small amount and have a local effect.

These include:

1. lollipops Dr. Mom;
2. lollipops with sage or chamomile;
3. spray Ingalipt;
4. Bronchicum;
5. spray Oracept with phenol;
6. Pharyngosept.

Its useful to note! Even ordinary sore throat lozenges are not completely safe, as they contain anesthetic and anti-inflammatory substances that enter the stomach. They are taken once and with strict necessity, but not more than 2-3 times a day.

What antibiotics are prescribed for sore throats in children?

Antibiotics for sore throat in children must be selected with extreme caution and solely for medical reasons. Toddlers are not given antibacterial drugs until bacterial culture tests of mucus from the throat and nose and a complete blood count are obtained, which will help determine the severity of the inflammatory process, and the microorganisms that cause it.

Symptoms such as:

• sore throat, painful and difficult chewing and swallowing;
• a sharp increase in body temperature;
• swelling and purulent plaque on the tonsils and throat mucosa;
• redness and swelling of the throat mucosa;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• difficulty breathing and pronounced wheezing.

The presence of the above symptoms indicates that there is a strong purulent-inflammatory process in the throat. It can be one of the types of tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis or pneumonia. These diseases may be accompanied by redness, sore throat and cough.

With severe sore throat, children can be prescribed the following antibacterial drugs:

1. . The drug is used for the treatment of pharyngitis, tonsillitis and other diseases of the upper respiratory tract, since this antibiotic belongs to broad-spectrum drugs. This is a fairly strong medicine, so you need to follow the correct dosage. For children from 6 months to 3 years of age, the daily dose is selected at the rate of 10 mg / kg of body weight. Take 1 time per day for 3 days. Heading dose - 30 mg / kg. It is recommended to use the powder for the preparation of a suspension for oral administration. Taken at the rate of 100 mg / 5 ml or 200 mg / 5 ml For children aged 3 to 12 years (body weight less than 45 kg) For infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, the drug is prescribed at the rate of 10 mg / kg of body weight 1 time per day within 3 days, course dose - 30 mg/kg. The drug in the form of tablets 125 mg is dosed taking into account the body weight of the child: 18-30 kg - 250 mg (2 tablets), 31-44 kg - 375 mg (3 tablets). With a body weight of more than 45 kg. dosage recommended for adults. With tonsillitis and pharyngitis, Sumamed is prescribed 20 mg / kg of body weight 1 time per day for 3 days. The course dose is 60 mg/kg of body weight. The daily dose of the drug is 500 mg.
2. Flemoxin. The drug is usually prescribed for tonsillitis. If a child is under 3 years old, he is prescribed 125 mg of the drug 2 times a day. Children from 3 to 12 years old - 250 mg twice a day.
3. . It is a safe antibiotic that can be prescribed for sore throats in children from birth. The dosage is calculated by age. Newborns and children under 3 months of age are prescribed 30 mg / kg, children over 3 months from 20 mg / kg for moderate infections and 40 mg / kg for more severe infections. The drug should be divided into 3 doses.

But only a doctor can prescribe antibiotics to children. With frequent use of antibacterial agents, a strong decrease in immunity is possible. The baby will become painful, and other drugs will be ineffective. Therefore, if the child only coughed once, you should not immediately stuff him with antibiotics. It will be more useful to gargle and give the baby warm tea from raspberry herbs.

Probiotic, why drink it with antibiotics? Most Popular Probiotics

During the period of taking antibiotics, it is necessary to take probiotics to improve the functioning of the digestive tract. Probiotics are a class of microorganisms and substances of microbial origin that are used for therapeutic purposes.

Most Popular Probiotics:

1. Linex.
2. Yogur.
3. Probifor.
4. Bifidumbacterin.
5. Lactobacterin.
6. Bifidumbacterin Forte.

Admission rules

Treatment of the throat with antibiotics should be carried out in compliance with the following rules:

1. Take the drug in accordance with the instructions and dosage of the doctor. If you drink an antibiotic uncontrollably, this can affect its effectiveness. A staph or streptococcal infection will become immune to antibiotics, so they won't work properly.
2. If the antibiotic does not help within 48-72 hours, you should consult your doctor and choose another medicine.
3. To make the treatment more effective, it is recommended to follow a special diet during its use - exclude spicy, smoked, fried, and alcohol.

Taking antibiotics should be justified - the causative agent of the disease should be a bacterium, not a virus or fungus. It is also necessary to consult with your doctor. Independent uncontrolled reception can be dangerous.

Informative video: When to take an antibiotic for a sore throat?

To speed up the healing process and avoid dangerous complications antibiotic therapy is required.

How do antibiotics work for sore throats?

Depending on the type antibiotics for sore throats can affect bacteria in different ways. Scientists divide them into:

• bactericidal- they act directly on microorganisms, destroying their cellular structure and causing death;
• bacteriostatic- block the process of reproduction of bacteria, due to which their number is reduced. This activates your own immunity.

Know! The choice of one or another antibiotic is determined by the type of pathogen, the individual characteristics of the patient's body and his age.

Only the attending physician can prescribe antibiotic therapy.

Self-medication can lead not only to serious complications, but also to provoke bacterial resistance to the drug.

What throat conditions should be treated with antibiotics?

Antibacterial drugs are prescribed only if it is impossible to cope with the disease by other methods.

Their use allows you to avoid complications and speed up the healing process. Medicines of this group can be used to treat a wide range of diseases.

Pharyngitis

This is a bacterial infection that affects the lining of the patient's throat. In this case, the patient develops pain syndrome, which can be quite pronounced, especially during swallowing.

In addition, a person may complain of itching, burning and persistent cough.

At the same time, the patient the following symptoms are observed:

• sore throat;
• feeling of a foreign object in the throat:
• cough;
• an increase in body temperature and general intoxication of the body.

Angina

The main danger of the disease is in possible complications, which include arthritis, rheumatism, damage to the heart and blood vessels, as well as some others.

Admission rules

While taking antibiotics, you must follow a number of rules. This is help you avoid complications and make the treatment most effective.

The main rules are:

The best products for adults

Antibacterial therapy in adults should be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician.

Note! It is best to take a swab from the throat before prescribing the drug, this will identify the pathogen and select the most effective remedy.

Amoxicillin

Suitable for the treatment of diseases of the ear, throat and nose.

Effective for sore throat, laryngitis and pharyngitis, as well as other diseases.

A drug low toxicity and can be used even by allergy sufferers. The drug is available in a dosage of 500 or 1000 mg, depending on which it can be taken from 2 to 3 times a day.

On average, the course of treatment with amoxicillin lasts from 7 to 10 days. In the event that the symptoms of the disease do not disappear within the specified time, a replacement of the medicine is required.

Cefuroxime

Same way prescribed for bacterial diseases of the throat. These include follicular tonsillitis, tonsillitis, etc.

Antibiotic has a number of contraindications, in connection with which, before its appointment, it is recommended to undergo a comprehensive examination of the body.

Dalacin

Dalacin effective against sore throat, laryngitis and pharyngitis. This medicine is not prescribed for hypersensitivity to the active substance, pregnancy and lactation, as well as for violations of the functioning of the liver and kidneys.

Take the drug 4 times a day. The tablet is not chewed and washed down with plenty of clean water.

Usually Dalacin is prescribed for therapeutic purposes at a dosage of 150 mg, however, in advanced cases, the dosage can be increased to 350-450 mg.

Lincomycin

One of the most popular remedies for the treatment of ENT diseases. It is used for sore throat, pharyngitis, as well as in case of complications of these diseases.

Be careful! The drug is prohibited for use in patients with severe liver and kidney damage.

The drug is produced in capsules, which are taken one hour before meals, drinking plenty of water.

Preparations for children

Sumamed

A popular remedy for the treatment of ENT diseases in children. Sumamed is prescribed for the treatment of tonsillitis, pharyngitis, as well as their complications.

This is strong enough drug, dosage whom calculated based on the weight and age of the child:

With streptococcal infection, the dosage is increased to 20 mg per 1 kg of body weight, and the duration of administration is 3 days.

Flemoxin

Most often Flemoxin prescribed for children with angina. Tablets are available in dosages of 125, 250 and 500 mg.

Its useful to note! The frequency of administration and dosage of the drug depends entirely on the age of the child:

• children from 3 to 10 years old - 1 tablet of 250 mg 2 times a day;
• children from 10 years old - 2-3 tablets of 250 mg 2 times a day.

Patients under 3 years of age are prescribed ½ tablet 2-3 times a day. Besides, before treatment, you must carefully study the instructions attached to the drug.

Amoxiclav

The drug, which can be used to treat children from birth.

Means helps with diseases throat, caused by pathogenic bacteria.

Amoxiclav is prescribed for angina and its complications. Dosage and schedule of administration are calculated individually for each patient:

• children up to 3 months - 30 mg per 1 kg of body weight. This dose must be divided into three parts and given to the child at regular intervals;
• children from 3 months - 25 mg per 1 kg of weight. This amount is also divided into three equal parts.

In the event that the disease is severe or accompanied by complications, the dosage of the substance can be increased to 45 mg.

Unidox

It is an antibiotic of the lincosamide group, with a wide spectrum of activity.

Important! It is prescribed for many diseases of the throat, accompanied by severe pain and prolonged fever.

The drug is taken once at a dosage of 200 mg. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and can range from 7 days to 3 weeks.

Products for application without temperature

Antibiotics in the absence of fever necessary if the symptoms of the disease do not recede for a long time.

The most common drugs include:

The most common reason for patients to visit otolaryngologists is sore throat caused by various factors. After a thorough examination, the doctor selects the optimal therapy, prescribes the most suitable medicines to the sick person.

Some people believe that the best way to treat a sore throat is with antibiotics. These drugs act quickly, are sold in pharmacies without a prescription, but are not completely safe. It is not allowed to take them for all diseases.

Causes of sore throat

Most often, pain in the throat occurs when a viral or bacterial infection enters the body. Often, artists, TV presenters, announcers, teachers, educators, coaches, who are forced to constantly overstrain the vocal cords, have a sore throat.

• The throat can also hurt in a child after a hysterical seizure and loud crying. In sensitive and allergy-prone people, discomfort in the throat occurs after being in dusty, smoky, smelling of toxic substances in rooms.
• Also, the pharynx becomes inflamed and hurts if you inadvertently damage its mucous walls with sharp bones, foreign objects, or too hot food.

When are antibiotics prescribed for a sore throat?

If the sore throat is provoked by a viral infection, then antibiotic treatment is useless. Antibiotics are prescribed only to eliminate a bacterial infection. To prescribe the most appropriate medicine, the doctor must find out which pathogenic bacteria caused the inflammatory reaction in the upper respiratory tract. To make a diagnosis, the doctor takes a smear from the patient for bacteriological culture.

• With an inflammatory reaction in the throat, a sick person is prescribed antibacterial agents in the form of tablets, injection solutions, absorbable lozenges, sprays. These medicines are effective in angina of a bacterial nature and tonsillitis.
• With viral pharyngitis, accompanied by inflammation of the tonsils and mucous membranes of the pharynx, antibiotic drugs are powerless.

Antibiotics are indicated if the following symptoms are observed:

• body temperature rises rapidly, jumps to 38 - 39 ° C;
• the tonsils become inflamed and covered with purulent plugs;
• the lymph nodes on the neck and under the lower jaw are noticeably enlarged;
• there is intoxication of the body;
• there are complications - otitis media, bronchitis, sinusitis, pneumonia.

How to take antibiotics for a sore throat?

Pathogenic microorganisms cause severe intoxication in adults, and especially in children. But antibiotics also overload the body weakened by the disease with toxins. The situation worsens when a sick person eats heavy meals and drinks alcohol. To avoid problems, you should take antibiotics strictly according to the doctor's prescription, carefully observing the dosage.

There are certain rules for taking antibiotics, they are listed below.

1. If the drug after three days of use does not give a positive effect, then you need to consult a doctor to change the method of therapy.
2. With the appearance of diarrhea, nausea, migraine, weakness and other side effects, the antibiotic should be stopped immediately.
3. It is strictly forbidden to choose medicines and change the method of therapy without permission. Only a medical specialist can select drugs for the patient, adjust their dosage.
4. During the period of taking antibiotics, it is imperative to restore the intestinal microflora with the help of probiotics - preparations containing beneficial bacteria.
5. Tablets for sore throat should be thoroughly washed down with water.
6. A sick person must follow a diet. It is forbidden to use smoked meats, marinades, fatty foods, fried foods, alcoholic beverages.

What antibiotic is used to treat a sore throat?

When the body is affected by a bacterial infection, with fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, the following antibacterial medicines are usually prescribed:

• from the group of penicillins - Amoxicillin, Bicillin;
• from the group of macrolides - Azithromycin, Sumamed, Clarithromycin;
• from the group of cephalosporins - Cefalexin, Cefuroxime;
• from the group of lincosamides - Clindamycin, Dalacin.

All of the above drugs effectively eliminate inflammatory reactions in the ears, throat, nasal cavity caused by a bacterial infection. Only a doctor selects antibiotic medicines, focusing on the age and physical condition of the patient, as well as on the type of pathogen.

You should not purchase medicines at your own discretion: improperly selected products can be useless, cause an allergic reaction, and even cause serious damage to health.

Many people believe that antibiotics are only available in tablet form and are only taken orally. In fact, antibiotic preparations can be found in pharmacies in the form of absorbable tablets or sprays for irrigating the throat.

These topical medicines contain antiseptic components. The following is a list of the most popular and effective antibacterial agents that have a local effect.

1. Gramicidin. Lozenges for resorption, helping to cope with sore throat and tonsillitis.
2. Bioparox. Spray used for inflammation of the tonsils and larynx.
3. Stopangin. Spray based on hexetidine, which has an antibiotic, enveloping, analgesic effect.
4. Pharyngosept. Lozenges based on ambazon monohydrate, which have a strong antiseptic effect, quickly destroying pathogenic bacteria in the upper respiratory tract.
5. Trachisan. Lozenges used for sore throat and pharyngitis, effectively relieving pain and inflammation, killing pathogens.

Antibiotics of the penicillin group and their effect on the body

Amoxicillin is considered the best drug for the treatment of bacterial diseases of the throat, ears and nasal cavity. It is allowed to be taken even by patients prone to allergic reactions to potent drugs. Amoxicillin is a low-toxic antibiotic, it practically does not dissolve in the blood, but it has a depressing effect on almost all known pathogenic bacteria.

Children under 10 years old should take 250 mg of medication up to three times a day, children over 10 years old and adults - from 500 to 1000 mg, depending on the severity of the disease. The therapeutic course usually lasts 10 days.

Amoxicillin helps reduce sore throat, extinguish fever, and relieve inflammation. But if you interrupt the antibiotic treatment, then the pain in the throat will resume with renewed vigor. After interrupted therapy, bacteria develop resistance to the drug, so it is useless to resume treatment with Amoxicillin.

You have to choose other antibiotics. It is recommended to use combined antibacterial medicines containing amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. The best combined antibiotics are Amoxiclav, Clavocin, Flemoklav Solutab.

The best antibiotics of the group of macrolides, cephalosporins, lincosamides

Antibiotic medicines of the cephalosporin group are rarely used to treat sore throat. These drugs have little effect on the bacterial infection that causes sore throats, so doctors prescribe them as a last resort if the patient is allergic to penicillin antibiotics. The most commonly used cephalosporins are:

• Aksetin,
• cefuroxime,
• Zinnat, Ceftin,
• Cefrus, Kimatsef.

These medicines are available either in tablet form or as solutions for injection.

Antibiotics of the lincosamide group are considered to be of low toxicity, they act intensively and are quickly excreted from the body. But they can only be used exclusively for a sore throat affected by beta-hemolytic streptococci. The best drugs are:

• clindamycin,
• Dalacin,
• Clindamycin.

Since these drugs are quickly broken down and excreted from the body, they must be taken at least four times a day.

If a person with pharyngitis suffers from a weakened immune system or does not adhere to the treatment prescribed by the doctor, then he may develop acute paratonsillitis. With this serious illness, accompanied by a strong fever, acute sore throat, the formation of an abscess on the tonsil, only macrolides help.

These antibiotics have an important advantage: they are able to seep through the cell walls, destroy bacteria that have settled inside the cells. Macrolides kill even pathogenic microorganisms resistant to other antibacterial drugs. The most popular and effective are Azithromycin and Clarithromycin.. These medicines should be taken only once a day, as they have an extremely intense effect on the body.

What antibiotics can be taken during pregnancy?

During pregnancy, it is necessary to use any medications with extreme caution, not to mention antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs are taken under the strict supervision of a medical specialist.

Antibiotics can cause serious harm to the health of the fetus in the womb, so doctors prescribe them to pregnant patients in special cases when other drugs do not help to cope with a serious illness. Usually, potent drugs are prescribed for pregnant women who have a strong fever for several days, which is not amenable to gentle treatment.

Young mothers are prescribed antibiotics that are poorly absorbed into the blood, containing active ingredients in a minimum concentration. Most often, doctors prescribe the following topical antibiotics to patients:

• Doctor Mom - lozenges based on extracts of medicinal plants;
• Dr. Theiss - lollipops based on sage oil and other herbal ingredients;
• Ingalipt - a sulfonamide-based spray containing eucalyptus and mint oils;
• Bronchikum - lozenges containing thyme essential oil;
• Orasept - anesthetic and antiseptic spray based on phenol;
• Faringosept - antiseptic lozenges containing ambazone monohydrate.

Pregnant women are strictly prohibited from using Bioparox spray. This antibiotic drug is highly effective, but it can have an extremely negative effect on the female body and on the embryo developing in the womb.

It is strictly forbidden for expectant mothers to engage in self-medication. Therapy for them should be selected only by a doctor.

And antibiotics for sore throat are used to treat inflammatory diseases provoked by exposure to pathogenic microorganisms.

Such medicines are not intended for self-medication and can only be used in case of objective indications for use, on the recommendation and under the supervision of a physician.

Before choosing a suitable therapy regimen, the doctor determines the exact cause of the development of pain and the inflammatory process.

It is important to remember that the uncontrolled use of antibiotics is fraught with the development of complications:

• Severe allergic reactions in adults and children.
• Pathogenic microorganisms become insensitive to the action of the drug, the disease can transform into a chronic form.
• The defeat of the mucous membranes by a fungal infection.
• Violations of the functioning of the liver.

Antibiotics are not prescribed to relieve a sore throat. For this, there are special drugs with anti-inflammatory properties.

The antibiotic affects the root cause factor - bacteria, the vital activity of which causes unpleasant symptoms.

If the inflammatory process and sore throat provoked a viral infection, then it is not advisable to prescribe antibiotics. This group of drugs can only be used to eliminate bacterial infections.

In order to select the appropriate medication, it is necessary to identify the causative agent of the disease and determine its sensitivity to the active ingredient. The doctor takes a smear for bacteriological culture.

Where possible, preference is given to local dosage forms: sprays, lozenges, rinses, etc.

Oral antibiotics are indicated in the following cases:

• A sharp, persistent increase in body temperature over 38.5 degrees, intoxication of the body.
• The formation of purulent plugs on the tonsils.
• Enlarged cervical and mandibular lymph nodes.
• Development of complications: otitis media, bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis.

In some cases, oral antibiotics are vital.

For example, with tonsillitis provoked by streptococcal infections, the lack of proper treatment is fraught with the development of complications: rheumatism, otitis media, abscesses, meningitis.

Systemic antibacterial agents

With sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, persistent fever, preference is given to the following groups of antibiotics:

When choosing a suitable medicine, the following criteria are followed:

• The drug should have a bactericidal effect.
• Tablets or capsules are not inactivated when exposed to enzymes secreted by pathogenic microorganisms.
• The active substance is rapidly absorbed, has a selective effect and accumulates only at the site of the lesion.
• The drug has a prolonged effect.
• The likelihood of toxic effects and the development of adverse reactions is minimal.

The selection of a suitable, effective and safe medication can only be carried out by a therapist or an otolaryngologist after receiving the results of a smear for microflora research.

Until the results are obtained, the doctor may decide to use the broadest possible spectrum of the drug.

Augmentin

Combined antibiotic for systemic use based on amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.

Protected against the effects of enzymes of pathogenic microorganisms, effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

The two-component composition expands the spectrum of pharmacological activity. The drug is well tolerated and is one of the safest.

For ease of use, Augmentin is presented in several dosage forms: syrup, tablets for internal use.

Azithromycin

Antibiotic with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity, which accumulates in the affected tissues and has a prolonged action.

It is effective against a large number of pathogenic microorganisms that can provoke inflammatory diseases of the throat: it copes with staphylococci, streptococci, mycoplasmas, legionella.

The drug is not used for individual intolerance to the components, chronic pathologies of the liver and kidneys, congenital anomalies in the development of cardiac conduction systems, accompanied by tachyarrhythmia.

It is enough to drink the drug once a day, preferably at the same time of day.

Local antibacterial agents

Antibiotics are presented not only in the form of preparations for systemic use, but also for local treatment of affected areas.

If the throat hurts, antibiotics of local action quickly cope with swelling, pain, hyperemia, redness, and inflammation.

The multicomponent composition and the presence of other active substances contribute to the additional provision of local anesthetic, immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory effects.

Grammidin S

Polypeptide antibiotic, which is indicated for patients with infectious and inflammatory diseases of the throat and oral cavity without fever.

Increases the permeability of microbial cell membranes, causing a violation of their stability with subsequent decay.

Helps to relieve inflammation, facilitate swallowing, eliminate discomfort in the throat.

Tablets can be used from the age of 4: hold in the oral cavity until the drug is completely dissolved.

For 60-120 minutes after using the tablet, it is not recommended to drink and eat food. The course of admission - up to 6 days, can be extended by prior agreement with the doctor.

Decatylene

A drug with a bactericidal and fungostatic effect, effective for mixed infections affecting the throat and oral cavity.

Affects gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, spirochetes, fungal infections.

It is indicated for gingivitis, ulcerative and aphthous stomatitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis.

• 4-12 years: 1 pc. every 3 hours. After the unpleasant symptoms have passed, Decatilene is used every 4 hours.
• 12 years old - adults: 1 pc. every 2 hours, after the reduction of symptoms - once every 4 hours.

The drug is not used for intolerance to components, allergic reactions to ammonium compounds.

Decatilen is well tolerated, in rare cases, rash, itching, burning and irritation of the mucous membranes have been reported. Long-term use of the drug in high dosage is fraught with the development of necrosis and ulcerative lesions.

The antibacterial properties of the active substance are reduced when interacting with an anionic tenside, which is contained in toothpaste.

Trachisan

Trachisan is a combined preparation with antimicrobial and local anesthetic action.

The active substances are:

• Tyrothricin is a multicomponent mixture with an antibacterial effect. The special mechanism of action does not provoke the development of cross-resistance.
• Chlorhexidine - affects gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.
• Lidocaine is a local anesthetic.

The composition of Trachisan does not include sugar, so taking the medicine does not provoke caries. Tablets can be used by patients with a history of diabetes mellitus.

General rules for taking antibiotics

Before starting the use of any antibacterial drug, it is necessary to determine the sensitivity of microorganisms to the active ingredient.

A number of substances are effective against cocci, others affect the vital activity of rods. For example, when exposed to streptococcal infection, synthetic penicillins are recommended.

• Before choosing a medicine, you must consult a doctor and carefully study the instructions for use.
• It is not recommended to stop taking the medicine ahead of time on your own. Even if the patient felt a noticeable improvement, you need to continue taking it until the end of the course of treatment.
• If the drug provokes diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, stool disorders, dizziness, loss of consciousness, it should be immediately canceled.
• Against the background of taking antibiotics, it is recommended to use probiotics to restore the intestinal microflora, as well as antihistamines, if there is an allergy.
• It is not recommended to re-take a previously used antibiotic because of the risk of unwanted side reactions.
• The dosage of drugs can not be increased or decreased independently.

With the development described in the instructions or any other side effects, you should consult a doctor.

One of the most common reasons for visiting a pediatrician, therapist or otolaryngologist, especially during the cold season, is a sore throat.

However, even more often people prefer to self-medicate, abundantly using various antiseptic sprays, lozenges and lozenges to talk, eat and drink without pain.

At the same time, it is no longer painful to swallow and speak, but there is no treatment as such.

In some cases, antiseptics and other remedies help to alleviate the disease before the immune system can cope with it on its own. But if the pain in the throat does not go away, intensifies or returns periodically, it is worth treating it with more effective means.

It usually becomes painful to swallow due to the inflammatory process in the larynx, pharynx, or other organs adjacent to them. Only a doctor can determine the origin of the disease and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

The cause of a sore throat can be:

In these cases, neither antibiotics nor antiseptics will work. Some of the causes of sore throat require immediate medical attention.

However, more often the cause of sore throat is acute or chronic pharyngitis, streptococcal infection or tonsillitis. In these cases, the course of treatment must necessarily include antiseptics and antibiotics for the throat.

Reasons for prescribing antibiotics

Antibiotics are prescribed only when the inflammation in it is caused by bacteria or microbes. The cause of inflammation can only be determined with the help of a doctor.

This may require some tests, including a throat swab. This will tell your doctor if you have bacteria in your throat and which antibiotic will help treat you most effectively.

Taking antibiotics and even safer antiseptics “just in case” is not worth it - this may not only not help, but also worsen the disease. They disturb the microflora of the body and cause a number of side effects, such as fatigue, indigestion, rashes on the body, etc.

There are a number of indications for which antibiotics are required:

Even one of these symptoms can be a reason for prescribing antibiotics and antiseptics, and the presence of several of them makes taking antibacterial drugs strictly mandatory.

In addition, antibiotics for sore throats and antiseptics are prescribed if the immune system is weakened, such as after surgery, removal of the spleen, or undergoing chemotherapy. For greater efficiency, local antiseptics are combined with oral or other types of drugs.

What funds are usually prescribed?

Each of the antibacterial drugs has a specific spectrum of action, coping with some groups of bacteria better than others. In the case of a sore throat, antibiotics with the widest possible spectrum of action are most often resorted to.

So, with sore throats, the prescription of antibiotics of the cephalosporin group is common. They have a different form of release, both for intravenous, oral, and topical application.

They are prescribed not only for throat infections, but also for pneumonia, urological, gynecological and other diseases.

The advantage of this group of antibiotics is that they are less likely to cause allergic reactions.

Also, some of the drugs in this group are allowed to be treated during pregnancy, in childhood and adulthood, there are drugs that can be used from birth. Side effects include nausea and upset stomach.

Another popular group of antibiotics prescribed for sore throats are penicillins. They also have a wide spectrum of action, so they are often used in the treatment of tonsillitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, as well as bronchitis, pneumonia, skin and urological infections, and are available for topical, oral and other uses.

They have low toxicity, so they do not cause much harm to the body. In addition, in this group there are drugs that are allowed during pregnancy and in childhood.

However, drugs of the penicillin group more often than other antibiotics cause allergic reactions. Another disadvantage of penicillins is that some of them reduce the effectiveness of contraceptives, so you need to be careful when taking them.

Among the most popular and effective antibiotics used for sore throats are the following.

Contraindications for use

Despite the effectiveness, antibiotics for the throat can not be taken by everyone and not by any. Do not treat a sore throat with antibiotics:

If the disease is very serious, then when prescribing antibiotics for treatment, the risk-benefit ratio is followed, or the safest drugs are chosen.

In the case of a sore throat, it is possible to use a local antiseptic, such as a spray. However, antiseptic is less effective than antibiotics.

Antibiotics can do both good and bad to the body. It is important to observe the following rules:

Take your health seriously, visit doctors and do not skip medications - this is the only way you can quickly and permanently get rid of any disease.