Japanese for kids online. How to learn Japanese - quick guide

Many people would like to learn Japanese but don't know where to start. Therefore, I give my own instructions based on my experience. First, a brief instruction will be given, giving only the names of the items and a minimum of information, and then a complete instruction.

How to learn Japanese - quick guide

1. Learn hiragana.
2. Learn katakana.
3. Turn on the Japanese layout.
4. Watch anime, Japanese movies or dramas for at least 20-40 hours (with Russian subtitles).
5. Read the entire grammar book at this link. This is a very simple and clear textbook, the best guide for beginners who are not familiar with Japanese at all. This point is the most important.
6. Install the Rikaichan add-on - this is a very good dictionary that allows you to point to the desired word on any site, the add-on itself will find the end of this word and give its translation in the dictionary and tell you what form this word is in.
7. Start using dictionaries.
8. Learn kanji. The 100 most popular kanji allow you to read 39% of the kanji in the text, 200 - 54%, 400 - 72%, 600 - 82%, 800 - 89%, 1000 - 93%, 1200 - 96%, 1400 - 98%, 1600 - 99 %.
9. Watch another 50-100 hours of anime / movies / dramas with Russian subtitles (you can do it in parallel with points 5-8).
10. This item is described in the full instructions below.

Complete Instructions for Learning Japanese

Introduction - Japanese Writing

When is kana used and when are hieroglyphs

1. All particles.
2. All changing parts of words (and sometimes not changing).
3. Some words.

1. All foreign words.

1. All basic words.

1. Learn Hiragana

1. If you add small ゃ (ya), ゅ (yu), ょ (yo) to syllables ending in "i", you can make a syllable ending in i / yu / yo. For example, きゃ is "kya", but きや is kiya, because in the second case や is big. Your tablet should contain columns with syllables ending in i / u / ё.
2. If you add two sticks, you can voice a consonant, for example, か is ka, が is ga. Your plate should contain lines starting with "g", "z", "d", "b", "p".
3. う (y) after "o" denotes a long vowel. For example, the word ありがとう (arigatou) reads "arigato:", where the colon indicates the length of the vowel. When writing in Latin, it is allowed to write arigatō instead of arigatou (the stick on top is a macron), but it is better to write arigatou. When writing in Russian letters, longitude is not shown and they simply write "arigato".
4. aa, ii, uu, ee are also long vowels, for example かわいい (kawaii) reads "ka-wa-i:".
5. You can see how to pronounce sounds in this video.
   1. The syllables し (shi), しゃ (sha), しゅ (shu), しょ (sho) use the soft sh sound. There is no such sound in Russian. That is, it is correct to say not "sha", but "shya".
   2. The syllables じ (ji), じゃ (ja), じゅ (ju) じょ (jo) use the soft j sound. There is no such sound in Russian. That is, it is correct to say not "zha", but "zhya". Examples: じゃない - jyanai, 大丈夫 - daijo:bu.
   3. In the syllables ち (chi), ちゃ (cha), ちゅ (chu), ちょ (cho), the "ch" sound is softer than in Russian. That is, it is correct to say not "cha", but "cha". You don't have to try it yet, but in the future, to make the sound "ch" softer, pay attention to how it happens with other sounds in Russian (for example, ta-tya, na-nya, ka-kya).
   4. The sound わ (wa) is not labial-tooth, but labial-labial. To pronounce it, try to pronounce it as close as possible to the usual Russian "va", but passing air through the gap between the two lips, and not between the lip and the teeth.
   5. ざ、ず、ぜ、ぞ - at the beginning of words it looks more like "dz", in the middle it looks like "z".
   6. じ、じゃ、じゅ、じょ - at the beginning of words it is more like "j", in the middle it is more like "zh".
   7. Other sounds different from the Russian language are "u" and "e", but for them I have no description. I think while you can not bother with it, in the future understanding will come by itself.
6. Small っ (tsu) is sokuon, which means doubling the leading consonant, for example, ずっと is jutto. In pronunciation, if broken down into syllables, っ would refer to the syllable ahead: zu-tto. There is even a word in Japanese that begins with sokuon - って (tte).
7. ん before "p", "b" and "m" is pronounced like "m".
8. You can also find general rules for trait order in the General Guide, but there are many exceptions to the rules.

2. Learn Katakana

1. There is an informal katakana table compiled by myself. It is not worth learning katakana from it, this table can only help you understand how some combinations in katakana are composed.
2. In katakana, a long vowel is shown with a ー, such as デート. Doubling a consonant is also done with a small tsu, but in katakana: ッ.

3. Turn on the Japanese keyboard

1. On Windows, the Japanese layout has an English layout built into it, so you can disable the English layout. To switch between Latin and Kana, press Alt+~ (Alt+Ё).
2. Ctrl+Caps Lock - Hiragana.
3. Alt + Caps Lock - katakana.
4. F7 - convert the entered word to katakana.
5. "x" or "l" before the required character will make that character small.
6. In the settings, you can also make hiragana without Latin characters printed right away, but for this you need to have a Japanese keyboard on which hiragana characters are drawn, and since you do not have it, this method will not work for you.
7. On phones, the method described above will still suit you, because phones have a touch keyboard.
8. Other combinations are possible.

4. Watch anime, Japanese movies or dramas for at least 20-40 hours (with Russian subtitles)

5. Read the whole grammar book from this link

6. Install the Rikaichan add-on

7. Start using dictionaries

1. Yarxi - installed on almost all platforms, a very powerful dictionary, but with a complicated interface. There is also an online version.
2. Those who do not have the opportunity to install Rikaichan, which contains two Japanese-Russian dictionaries at once, can use the online version of one of them + you can download it in its entirety there.
3. The list is not finished.

8. Learning Kanji

• If there is no desire to learn, I advise you to learn 1 part of kyoiku kanji (80 pcs) + 170 most popular kanji (250 kanji in total). This will allow you to read 58% of all kanji in the text! (do not read 42%).
• If there is a desire, but not very big, then 1 part and 420 most popular (500 in total) - this will allow you to read 77% of the kanji in the text (not read 23%).
• If there is a strong desire, then 1 part and 920 most popular (1000 in total) - this will allow you to read 93% of the kanji in the text (not read 7%), and 2000 kanji will allow you to read everything.

9. Watch another 50-100 hours of anime/movies/doramas with Russian subtitles

10. Last point

1. To replenish vocabulary, you can use.
2. You can look for other grammar books. I think that after you complete the previous points, this question will no longer seem so difficult for you. Personally, I have not yet reached this point, so I cannot recommend any particular tutorial. The instructions will be updated. Don't learn from "Minna no Hihongo" - this tutorial is meant to be taught with a teacher, not on your own.
3. You can read manga in pure Japanese. There is a manga that has hiragana reading above the hieroglyphs, i.e. to read such a manga, you do not need to know all the kanji. When reading manga, no one rushes you, if you don’t know some words, you can look them up in the dictionary.
4. You can watch anime WITHOUT subtitles. In the previous paragraphs, I advised you to watch with subtitles, because You just got acquainted with the Japanese language and without them it is impossible to understand anything, but over time, subtitles, on the contrary, begin to interfere - instead of listening to Japanese speech, you stupidly take the meaning from text on the screen without learning the language.
5. Start chatting with the Japanese. Ask them to correct your mistakes.
6. Start reading the light novel.

Feedback

Need to learn Japanese for a trip to the country? Or did such a desire arise as a new stage of self-development? It should be understood that you can learn the language on your own without the help of tutors and attending special courses, and this lesson can also become quite an interesting pastime. It is enough to know the basic basics in mastering the language.

Introduction to the basics

In order to master the Japanese language, you need to know each of the available Japanese writing systems.

• Hiragana.

This system is the Japanese alphabet, which contains 51 characters. Each of the phonetic designations represents a sound. To understandhow to learn japanese fast from scratch,you need to memorize each character. After hiragana is mastered, the pronunciation of each word in Japanese will become clear.

• Katakana.

This system is presented as a set of symbols, which denotes words that havenon-Japanese originion. When studying individual phrases from katakana, it is necessary to give preference to those that will be most often found in colloquial speech.

• Kanji.

This is Chinese symbolism for phrases and words in Japanese. That is, this system is not just letters, but whole words.

• Romaji.

This system uses English letters to write Japanese words. At the initial stage of learning Japaneseabout language given sistem can be very useful. First of all, it concerns key phrases. But do not rely only on this system. Learning only romaji will not give a positive effect. For understanding,how to learn japanese on your own from scratch,it is necessary to approach the process in a combined way, that is, to involve all systems in the study.

The Japanese language has 46 sounds, which consist of combinations of vowels and consonants. In some cases, the sound can also be made up of one consonant. Learning is best learned from the pronunciation of individual characters from hiragana and katakana. Thus, it will be easier to cope with training.

Having learned the main key phrases, you can start training. The romaji system for this case is just right for teaching beginners. But in the future, relying only on it is not worth it.

For those who know no English, worthunderstand that Japanese grammar will have significant differences. Therefore, it will not be necessary to use the rules of the English language in this situation. It will take some time to get used to.

To do this, it would be better to purchase a Japanese textbook withgrammar and basicsinat to deal with it. You can also use free sites on the network where you can learn Japanese writing. For those who are fluent in English, you can choose English-language resources.

Basic rules that apply in Japanese.

• Nouns have no gender, and most of them do not have a special plural form.
• Subjects in this language are very often omitted in sentences because they are not obligatory.
• Sentences always end with a predicate.
• Verbs remain unchanged, regardless of the gender in which the subject is presented, as well as the plural or singular in the sentence.
• Pronouns that are personal (I, you, you) will change in the sentence depending on each specific situation and the required level of formality.

Practice

Both writing and reading are important for learning Japanese, so it will take time to learn all the writing systems.

Systems such as hiragana and katakana can be learned in about a few weeks. And after that you can already writeate in japanese what n required.

But learning kanji will take a much longer time. But without her knowledge, mastering the Japanese language completely will not work. Therefore, it is worth taking time for her too.

It is important to choose the right textbook, which will have all the necessary exercises, then the practice will be easier. Online resources can come to the rescue in this matter.

An excellent practice in learning any language will be direct communication with native speakers. The more time you devote to this, the faster spoken Japanese will become the norm. On the net you can find special sites for finding language learning partners. This method will help you learn the language much faster.

You can use special cards with Japanese words and expressions. You can either buy them in the store or make your own. For each individual language system, you can make your own set of cards. So it will be easier to remember individual phrases, as well as the basics of grammar. Thus, the vocabulary will be replenished by each of the three systems.

You can place such cards throughout the house so that they are constantly in sight. They denote the names of all household items, but only in Japanese. Do not forget about the need for testing to check how well certain phrases are remembered. You can do it yourself or with the help of outsiders.

On the net you can find various sources with language programs that will facilitate faster learning of a foreign language. In this way, Japanese can be practiced daily.

Learning a language with unusual methods

The best way to practice a foreign language is by reading books or newspapers in that language. So, studying literature, unfamiliar words will be encountered, which will eventually become familiar. Japanese culture can also become closer.

When watching Japanese films without translation, knowledge of the language will only improve. Here it will be possible to learn many new expressions and phrases unfamiliar before. At first, you can use subtitles to make the story easier to understand.

Also, when listening to the radio in Japanese, the vocabulary will be replenished with new words and expressions that were not in the books. This is a way to get to know the spoken language better. This will improve your hearing.

A trip to Japan is perfect for this. It is necessary to use every opportunity to study the language, traditions and culture of Japan. Even a trip to a Japanese restaurant will do for the occasion.

Learning Japanese is a rather lengthy process, but extremely exciting. However, according to statistics, more than half of those who started studying stop classes in the first six months of training. It cannot be said that this is due to the exceptional difficulty of the language - it is much simpler than Russian. Someone refers to the lack of free time, someone - to the inefficiency of the chosen training program and the weakness of the proposed teaching aids, and someone simply changed their interests and life goals. In any case, the result is wasted time, financial costs and crept doubts about one's abilities.

Despite the assurances of some brochures, books and courses, it is impossible to learn a single foreign language in 3 months (without setting this goal as the key and only one). And if you decide to conquer the exciting world of hieroglyphs and grammatical intricacies of the Japanese language - classes, even half an hour, but daily, should become one of the components of your life. To choose an individual rhythm of learning so that in the future it is rational and comfortable to combine this process with work, household chores and communication with your family, it is self-study that takes place at a convenient time and in a familiar environment that will help you. Even long trips and business trips will not become an obstacle on your way to knowledge - a computer and the Internet will provide uninterrupted access to educational materials anywhere in the country.

The initial acquaintance with the structure of the language will allow you to determine the desired degree of proficiency in it. Without special financial investments, you will master the materials sufficient to communicate on everyday topics on a tourist trip or at a business meeting with Japanese partners. If you decide to improve the acquired knowledge, the materials learned on your own will become the foundation for further studies.

Naturally, in the study of a foreign language one cannot do without the practice of speaking. In this sense, distance self-education to some extent loses to face-to-face classes. However, do not forget that full-fledged communication is possible only with at least a minimal knowledge of the grammatical foundations of the language and common vocabulary. These basics are provided by the material presented on the site, and numerous audio tasks and dialogues located in its various sections will help you learn to recognize Japanese speech. In the future, having mastered the basic lessons and using modern computer and telecommunication technologies, you can easily find pen pals and interlocutors among native speakers.

So, without a doubt, start classes, and our specialists will help you solve complex issues that arise when mastering the material - you will find the address for contacting methodologists in the contacts section.

Learning any foreign language "for yourself" will not bring any results, except for disappointment. This rule applies especially to Japanese. A clear understanding of the specifics of your goals is the basis for building an effective training plan.

Tourism, obtaining a unique education, developing international business, fascination with traditional and modern Japanese art, professional immigration - whatever you choose, this will be your main motivation and driving force for immersing yourself in the Japanese language.

Setting specific deadlines will help set reference points throughout the training. For example, your goal is to pass the Nihongo noryoku shiken Japanese Language Proficiency Exam at the Beginning Level (N5) in eight months. The list of words, hieroglyphs and grammar required for the exam can be viewed in advance on the relevant sites and a step-by-step plan can be drawn up for the entire period of study.

2. Structure your learning material

Select a few proven textbooks and print out the copybooks. This will form the basis of your learning. In parallel, you can use the online simulator to test your knowledge. One of the most popular and effective is the Japanese textbook Minna no Nihongo: Basic Workbook in two parts, which is best taken immediately with a grammar commentary and additional teaching materials.

If you are fluent in English, then you can use time-tested and thousands of students textbooks, workbooks and audio materials from the GENKI series. From Russian publications, we can advise the “Japanese Language Textbook for Children” in two parts by the author M. R. Golomidova, a well-known Russian specialist in the field of the Japanese language. The textbook will be an excellent educational tool for adults.

3. Start simple

The Japanese writing system consists of two syllabaries (hiragana and katakana) and kanji (hieroglyphs). First you need to master both alphabets, where each of the 46 characters means not a sound, but a syllable. And only after that move on to kanji. Try to study symbols and hieroglyphs not separately, but in the context of words and sentences.

The basic set of knowledge is very clearly spelled out in the requirements for the fifth level of the international exam in Japanese. For a beginner, this can be a great guide.

When moving on to the study of kanji, you should pay attention to the so-called keys, from which, like from Lego cubes, you can compose and memorize quite complex Japanese characters. Do not forget that your successful learning is not least dependent on constant written practice. To do this, you can download and print ready-made recipes. Work on pronunciation better by reading aloud.

4. Practice Japanese Regularly and Variedly

Despite the logic of this point, many people forget about it over time. Undoubtedly, with constant employment, it is really difficult to allocate several hours a day for learning a language, but 20 minutes is quite real!

Diversify your weekly schedule, for example:

• Monday, Thursday - theoretical lessons on the textbook;
• Tuesday - reading your favorite manga in the original or information from Japanese Internet resources;
• Wednesday - work with prescriptions;
• Friday, Saturday - watching interesting videos;
• Sunday - communication with native speakers.

Daily study of Japanese, if it is a pleasure, will bring tangible results very, very soon!

5. Use proven kanji memorization techniques

There are several original tools for memorizing hieroglyphs.

Card Method

Cut out the required number of cards from thick paper, on one side indicate the symbol or hieroglyph being studied, on the other - the corresponding value. This will help not only in learning, but also in testing your knowledge. By the way, you can buy ready-made sets of cards.

Irecommend.ru

association method

Memorization is the best fit for the Japanese language. When learning kanji, it is often difficult to remember the spelling of a character and its meaning. To solve this problem, for each hieroglyph, invent your own image! For example:

• 木 (tree) really looks like a tree;
• 森 (forest) - but three trees turn into a real forest;
• 火 (fire) - a little imagination, and you are already warming your hands by the fire near the mountain (山).

So you can effectively memorize several hieroglyphs at once.

Word replacement method

To do this, you will need an excellent computer program called "Cananization" (from the Japanese word "kana" - the alphabet). The program replaces syllables in any Russian-language text copied into it with signs of Japanese alphabets.

There is a Japanese belief.

Skあzka, easier to sayおrya:

Withおtookい onceあwait the beastい

Choose い to fight with えbe the king!

Using this program will help you easily memorize Japanese characters.

Perhaps the most important rule for learning Japanese (and not only) is self-confidence and focus on results. Don't believe that Japanese is impossible to learn. Foreigners say the same about the Russian language. But how did we learn it? Good luck to you, patience and the fulfillment of the Japanese dream!

Have you thought about starting to learn Japanese?

Do not doubt! You have made the right choice!

Surely you have been captivated by the culture of Japan and you would like to understand it without translation, or you would like to get a higher education in one of the most economically developed countries in the world, or even get a job and go to Japan for permanent residence.

For all these purposes, you will need to learn Japanese!

Where to begin? - You can start your journey into the fascinating world of Oriental culture in the Japanese for Beginners groups at our Japanese Studies Center.

Core courses:

We have been teaching Japanese for 14 years! Our history is our result.

All programs are licensed Department of Education in Moscow. At the end of each level, you will receive a state-recognised certificate!

Our school is the official representative of the Japanese language school in Tokyo, Waseda japanese language school, at one of the oldest universities in Japan. control of our work. Favorable admission conditions for our students.

Japanese lessons for beginners from scratch

People come to us to learn Japanese for different purposes, but for everyone we have everything to make your learning effective and fun!

At our Japanist Center you can not only attend classes Japanese language for beginners, but also visit free gaming clubs for our students, master classes on the culture of Japan, participate in Japanese competitions and try their hand from the very beginning.

And also: prepare for the entry-level nihongo noreku shiken international Japanese language exam by completing the "Japanese language from scratch" course.

Japanese lessons from scratch in the language center "Eurasia"

We focus on living language! After the first lesson you will learn your first phrases and write your first words!

Here, under the guidance of experienced mentors, you will master two Japanese alphabets - Hiragana and Katakana, get acquainted with hieroglyphs, master the basics of grammar, writing and colloquial Japanese speech.

The program includes a separate listening course (listening to foreign speech), as well as an introduction to the culture and history of Japan.

We learn Japanese from scratch and to make learning fun, our teachers have developed game methods for memorizing vocabulary, training constructions that they successfully use in class. We have over 100 Games in our database!

And then - everything is in your hands! You will learn to read, write and speak one of the most difficult languages ​​in the world, touch the amazing ancient world of Japanese culture, be able to move up the career ladder, and just grow intellectually!

It's never too late to learn, and new knowledge is always priceless!

For whom:

For students from 14 years old with a zero level of preparation.

In the auditorium of the language center "Eurasia".

The training is conducted according to the methodology developed by our teachers on the basis of the program of the leading linguistic universities in Japan and has proven its effectiveness.

All aspects of the language are involved:

• Phonetics: Learning Katakana and Hiragana
• Grammar: basic grammar rules and constructions
• Listening: Primary listening skills.
• At the end of the Japanese language course for beginners, a test is given, which is similar in form to the JLPT5 exam. According to the results, certificates of the state sample are issued.

Course "From scratch" or course " Japanese for beginners"-an effective course that allows you to master the Japanese language at a level sufficient to successfully pass Noreku Shiken Level 5.

Our center is the only educational institution in Moscow that has been offering Japanese language courses in Moscow for 14 years at an entry level, continuing and high up to the level of Noreku 1.

The effectiveness can be judged by the results of our students. Noreku certificates of various levels received by them after training in our center, we carefully store. And some of them can be seen in the section "Our successes".

In addition to Japanese lessons for beginners, we offer: a visit to the Japanese language club and cultural workshops, group and individual internships in Japan, a JLPT preparation course. And for those who are interested in employment in Japan, we provide assistance and assistance in the selection of vacancies through our partner - the Japan Employment Agency.

Japanese teachers

Ekaterina

Education: ISAA Moscow State University with a degree in Orientalist with knowledge of Japanese, internship at Ryukoku Daigaku University (Japan, Kyoto). Fluent in Japanese...

Education: Far Eastern Federal University, Tokyo World Language Academy, Tokyo, Japan, Kyoto Minsai Japanese Language School, Kyoto, Japan. Teacher...

Alexander

Education: Education MGIMO, specialist in international relations with knowledge of Japanese, Japanese language school "Hiroo", Tokyo, Japan. Has a degree...

Kaori

Education: Graduated from the Institute of Calligraphy in Ito. In 1999, she received a certificate of master of calligraphy from the Japanese Society for the Study of Calligraphy in Tokyo...

Elena

Education: State University of Management, Japanese, Futaba, Japan, Meikai, Japan. Elena is fluent in Japanese, has a Noreku certificate...

Daria

Education: Moscow City Pedagogical University, specialization - Japanese. Internship at the University of Tsukuba, Japan. Fluent in Japanese...

Natalia

Education: higher linguistic. Repeated internships in Japan. Fluent in Japanese. Noreku Shiken certificate of the highest level. Experience with language...