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We all often fly on airplanes - on a business trip, to visit, on vacation. This event is common for most people and, as a rule, does not evoke any emotions. Some people get stuffy ears during takeoff and landing, others feel a little nauseous. This condition passes quickly, leaving no consequences.

The possibility of flying is different for pregnant women. Especially if the birth of a child is a long-awaited event, and the expectant mother is anxious about her well-being, afraid of losing her baby. When pregnancy has only recently begun, and the woman has not had time to consult a gynecologist, the flight raises concerns. For such mothers, we will answer whether it is possible to fly in the early stages of pregnancy.

Flying during pregnancy

If a woman feels well during pregnancy, pregnancy proceeds without complications, and you can fly on airplanes. There are no irreparable consequences.

But there are contraindications for flying in this condition. Therefore, it is necessary to go to the doctor and undergo an examination before the flight. Most often, it will be enough to do an ultrasound and clinical tests.

You cannot fly in the following cases:

• The pregnant woman began to have slight bloody or bloody discharge, and her lower abdomen hurts, which indicates a threat of miscarriage.
• Suspicion of placental abruption.
• Disturbances in the functioning of internal organs associated with pregnancy (preeclampsia and preeclampsia). Frequent symptoms are the occurrence of edema, increased blood pressure, and the presence of protein in the urine.
• Bleeding. At the very beginning, you need to call an ambulance.
• Severe anemia, in which there is an acute lack of hemoglobin in the blood.

In the absence of these symptoms during pregnancy, a woman can fly on airplanes with the same restrictions as women in the normal state. A flying passenger of any gender should not suffer from exacerbation of chronic diseases. Also, passengers at altitude increase the risk of thromboembolism; drying of the mucous membranes of the throat and nose can occur. Due to the large number of people on board, there is a danger of contracting an infectious disease transmitted by coughing, sneezing, or simply by talking. This danger also threatens when traveling on the subway, when visiting shops, cinemas, and so on.

If a woman during pregnancy takes measures to avoid contracting an infection and adheres to the flight rules, she can fly on an airplane without fear.

If the flight is for the purpose of relaxing at sea, in the fresh air, this pastime will benefit both mother and child.

The World Health Organization has issued clear recommendations on contraindications to air travel for women during pregnancy. Experts from this organization do not advise flying in the following cases:

1. The gestation period is more than 36 weeks, when the mother is expecting one baby.
2. The pregnancy period is more than 32 weeks, when a woman should give birth to twins.
3. Flights are prohibited in the 1st week after the birth of the child.
4. Pregnancy comes with complications. Toxicosis is also a complication.

Doctors prohibit flying with placenta previa - when the placenta partially or completely covers the uterine os. The symptom may be bleeding without accompanying pain. You are not allowed to fly if you have preeclampsia or severe anemia. With such complications, you cannot fly in any life situation. The risk for the woman and the fetus is too great.

There are situations when, in urgent need, flights are allowed. But a woman should be careful as there is some risk of miscarriage.

• There is a threat of premature birth or miscarriage.
• Placental abruption is possible.
• Moderate anemia was diagnosed.
• Non-standard structure of the placenta, its low location in the mother’s body.
• The position of the fetus from the 28th to the 40th week differs from normal.
• Second half of pregnancy when expecting twins.
• Vaginal discharge with blood at any stage.
• Carrying out a biopsy a week - 10 days before the flight and other methods of invasive examination.
• Severe toxicosis with uncontrollable vomiting.
• Swelling, increased blood pressure.
• Thrombophlebitis before pregnancy.
• Suspicion of diabetes mellitus.
• Constant increase in blood pressure.
• Insufficiency of the cervix, leading to spontaneous miscarriages.
• Infectious diseases in pregnant women.
• Chronic diseases in the acute stage.
• Pregnancy achieved through artificial insemination.
• Previously operated uterus.

If you have the above conditions, you can fly only if absolutely necessary.

Risks of air travel

However, it is not only a serious condition that prohibits flights for women during pregnancy. Doctors are also worried about their patient because this flight can affect not only the well-being of the mother, but also the baby itself. Let's consider what causes a negative attitude among specialists towards this method of transportation and what can be expected.

Pressure drops

Pregnant women are acutely aware of changes in environmental pressure. This is understandable, since changes in pressure can have a tonic effect on the uterus and cause premature birth.

The uterus is especially sensitive during takeoff and landing. And during these periods, the mother develops an unaccountable instinctive fear, because she understands that in the event of a birth on an airplane, there will be no obstetrician or pediatric intensive care specialists nearby, and it is difficult to predict how an important event for her will end.

Regarding turbulence zones, it can be noted that shaking and swaying of an airplane can cause discomfort to both an ordinary passenger and a pregnant woman. This may cause nausea, dizziness, and vomiting. But they will not bring significant harm to a pregnant woman and her fetus.

You can calculate the likelihood of premature birth using an ultrasound examination. This is affected by the length of the cervix. The doctor will tell the pregnant woman whether she should take the risk.

In addition, it is not for nothing that some airlines have introduced restrictions on the transportation of women in the later stages of pregnancy and on those women who have suffered premature birth before. Apparently there have already been unpleasant incidents.

Lack of oxygen

Women with a baby in the womb are afraid that when they fly to high altitudes, the plane will have less oxygen than their fetus needs. Swiss scientists conducted research and found that mild hypoxia (lack of oxygen in the mother’s blood) for a short time does not have a negative effect on the development of the embryo. Moms don't have to worry. But this only applies to healthy pregnant women. If a pregnant woman suffers from anemia, it is extremely important for her to constantly inhale a sufficient amount of oxygen.

Probability of thrombosis and thromboembolism

The risk of developing thrombosis (blood clots in the deep veins) increases significantly even during a normal flight lasting more than 4 hours. In pregnant women it increases 5 times. And if you look at the statistics, thromboembolism even on earth occurs more often in women expecting a child than in people in normal conditions.

To avoid this complication, you must follow several rules during flight:

1. Do exercises for the legs - strain and relax the muscles of the legs alternately for 10 minutes per hour.
2. Drink water or juice more often, give up coffee.
3. Every hour, walk around the salon for 10 minutes.
4. Put on anti-varicose compression stockings in advance, designed to prevent the disease.

If the expectant mother has prerequisites for the disease - excess weight (close to 100 kg), carrying twins, she must undergo medical training before the flight. The doctor will prescribe you the necessary drug intramuscularly, which is administered only 1 time. You can start taking 75 mg Aspirin on your own a few days before the flight, but this is less effective protection.

Irradiation

On earth at sea level, everyone is exposed to cosmic radiation, but people are protected from it by a thick layer of atmosphere. However, each person receives as many x-rays per year as if examined with 2 x-rays.

At the altitude of the aircraft, the layer of atmosphere is much smaller, and there is less protection from radiation. But research by scientists says that during a 7-hour flight at a normal airplane altitude, passengers receive 2.5 times less x-rays than in a clinic during a chest examination. This dose of x-ray does not affect the development of the fetus of the expectant mother. Although pilots who are constantly in the air receive as many X-rays as if they were working in an area of ​​increased radiation.

The metal detector frame at the airport, which protects passengers from terrorist attacks, operates using a very weak magnetic field, which has no effect on health.

Dry air on an airplane

Air that is too dry during a flight can cause dehydration. This is very easy to avoid. Every hour you need to drink half a liter of still water or juice. Tea and coffee will not help with dehydration.

The lack of moisture in the air also dries out the mucous membranes of the nose and throat. Swelling of the mucous membrane may appear, making breathing difficult. To combat this phenomenon, you need to moisten the mucous membrane with a solution of sea salt in water (Aqua-Maris), instill vasoconstrictor drops into your nose, and wipe your face with a damp cloth. Antihistamines will help against edema, which must be prescribed by a doctor in advance (Suprastin and others).

Infectious hazard

Since people who suffer from acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections and other diseases transmitted by droplets often fly on an airplane, they exhale their bacteria and viruses into the aircraft cabin. Bacteria also accumulate in cabin air conditioners, the filters of which are not changed before every flight. Therefore, pregnant women with weakened immune systems are advised to take protective measures against infection - wear a medical mask over their nose and mouth.

How to behave in flight?

Preparing for a flight for a pregnant woman should begin on the ground with a visit to the doctor. If the doctor has approved the flight, you must:

• Dress in comfortable, non-constricting clothes and shoes without heels that can be put on and taken off without using your hands, without bending over.
• Wear anti-varicose socks or stockings on your feet.
• Cover your nose and mouth with a medical bandage to prevent infections.
• Take your time when entering the salon, be the last one to enter.
• Do not sit cross-legged.
• Do exercises for the muscles of the legs.
• Drink half a liter of water or juice every hour.
• After every 50 minutes, walk around the salon for 10 minutes.
• When the pilot asks you to fasten your seat belt, fasten it under your stomach.
• If you have the financial means, fly business class.
• Take small pillows on the flight that you can place under your back to create the most comfortable position for yourself.
• Take drops and nasal spray (Aqua Maris, Glazolin, etc.) on the flight.
• Buy and take wet wipes on the flight.
• Ask your doctor in advance to prescribe a motion sickness remedy for pregnant women and take it with you.
• To prevent blocked ears during takeoff and landing, buy and take lollipops with you.
• Do not drink coffee or tea.
• Don’t forget your exchange card, which shows your gestational age, blood type, and Rh factor. Place it next to you on the plane along with the phone number of relatives to contact in case of pregnancy complications.

By taking these precautions, you can fly on vacation. Breathing iodized air and swimming in the warm sea is beneficial for mother and baby.

When is the best time to fly?

Flying in the early stages of pregnancy is fraught with trouble. It is recommended to travel from the 4th to the 6th month of pregnancy. At this time, miscarriage is least likely.

There is also advice from doctors when it is not necessary to fly on an airplane - this is from 3 to 7 weeks, from 9 to 12, from 18 to 22. It is also not worth planning a flight on those days when a woman would have her period during the period of non-pregnancy. Such periods are associated with the development of the baby’s internal organs and life support systems - circulatory, nervous, bone, endocrine. If the flight affects the formation of organs that will not develop properly, a miscarriage may occur.

Doctors consider it possible to fly in the last three months of pregnancy. But some airlines, whose employees do not want to deliver babies in the air, often require women more than 28 weeks pregnant to provide a certificate from a gynecologist stating that she is not at risk of premature birth.

To reassure women, it is still worth clarifying that flight attendants are taught to deliver babies, although they are not too willing to do this.

As for whether pregnant women can fly on an airplane, no one will give a specific answer. For each expectant mother, this issue is resolved individually in accordance with the duration of the “interesting situation”, as well as the characteristics of its course.

Airplane travel is allowed
vacation air flights how to behave
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Is it dangerous to take in this situation?

1. Pressure changes - everyone knows that a pregnant woman is very sensitive to pressure changes that are inevitable during a flight. This feeling is most noticeable during takeoff and landing. There is an assumption that such sudden changes can trigger premature birth, but there is no evidence for this. To find out whether you are at risk for this feature, you need to measure the length of the uterus using an ultrasound. Many airlines even prohibit women from flying who may give birth during the flight: late pregnant women, women with multiple pregnancies, and those with a history of premature birth.
2. Lack of oxygen - during the flight, the concentration of oxygen sharply decreases, this is what most expectant mothers are concerned about. They believe that the baby will not have enough air and oxygen starvation will occur. However, according to the Swiss professor, healthy women have nothing to fear. If the expectant mother suffers from anemia, then it is much more difficult for her to endure the flight. Flying for a pregnant woman with severe anemia is strictly prohibited.
3. Blood stagnation - the formation of blood clots in the veins - is the most serious danger that expectant mothers expose themselves to when sitting motionless on an airplane for several hours. Doctors say that the likelihood of developing thrombosis in pregnant women is almost 5 times higher than in non-pregnant women. That is why it is necessary to follow some recommendations: wear compression stockings, drink more fluids during the flight, do not drink caffeinated drinks, and walk around the cabin for at least 10 minutes/hour.
4. Exposure to radiation - during flight, the protective layer of the atmosphere is much lower than on the ground, so the likelihood of exposure to radiation is much higher, which can cause various abnormalities in the baby.

The effect of flying on pregnancy

Harm from flying during pregnancy

Doctors express their opinion on why pregnant women should not fly on an airplane. They highlight a whole list of dangers that await the expectant mother.

1. Fear of heights, pressure changes, excessive nervousness - all this can provoke miscarriage, bleeding or premature birth.
2. Flights are dangerous because there is dry air in the cabin, high temperatures and, as a result, large losses of moisture. This does not have the best effect on the baby. Moreover, during the flight there is a clear lack of oxygen.
3. There is a huge chance of solar radiation, which is caused by high altitude.
4. A long flight negatively affects blood circulation, which causes blood stagnation. As a result, the appearance of varicose veins and thrombophlebitis.

Effect in early and late stages

There is a lot of controversy surrounding the question of whether pregnant women can fly in the early stages. Some doctors claim that at the beginning of pregnancy it is prohibited to travel by plane, as hormonal changes in the body occur:

• fatigue increases;
• health worsens;
• suffer from constant headaches;
• nausea.

All this can lead to interruption.

A multi-hour flight will only worsen a woman’s condition and cause:

• sudden changes in pressure and temperature;
• will negatively affect the baby's development.

First trimester:

• there are no special contraindications;
• doctors only warn about the threat of miscarriage;
• possible complication of toxicosis.

Second trimester:

• this is the best time to fly;
• there are no contraindications;
• there are no complications.

Third trimester:

• flights are not advisable;
• the body is actively preparing for the upcoming birth;
• Pressure surges can cause complications.

Until what week can pregnant women fly? The attending physician will tell you after examination and the woman’s individual characteristics.

Flying while pregnant

Possible dangers and contraindications

Let's take a closer look at whether it is dangerous for pregnant women to travel by plane, and in what cases.

1. Multiple pregnancy.
2. It is harmful for a pregnant woman to be on an airplane if she has diabetes or high blood pressure.
3. The expectant mother experiences placenta previa or bleeding.
4. There is a predisposition to premature birth.
5. Thrombosis.
6. Detachment, uterine tone, or other complications of an “interesting position.”
7. Heart and lung problems.

All doctors, when talking about how long pregnant women can fly, mention up to 36 weeks. After this, it is not recommended to travel at all, as there is a high risk of premature birth.

Women's opinion

Let's look at the reviews of those women who flew pregnant on an airplane and find out how they felt.

Marina Antonova:

For me, the trip to Bulgaria became a landmark. My husband and I decided to go and relax and strengthen our bodies before the hard work ahead. I was 34 weeks pregnant and didn’t know whether flying on an airplane was harmful for pregnant women. We got ready quickly, the gynecologist said that everything was fine, the baby was developing according to the schedule. I survived the flight well. The flight attendant on board explained in detail whether pregnant women could fly on an airplane, after which I even became a little worried, since the testimony was not very flattering. The vacation was great, but we got ready to go back when it was almost 38 weeks. As luck would have it, the weather was unflyable and there were storms, so I asked if it was possible for pregnant women to fly in such a situation. They reassured me and said that this was a common thing, especially since I had to return home immediately. This time I flew with caution, I was very worried, maybe that’s why I started having contractions right in the air. My husband calmed me down and reminded me about breathing exercises. I focused on breathing and tried not to think about the upcoming birth. Fortunately, there was no need to give birth on board. They called an ambulance straight to the airport, and I gave birth to our “pilot” 8 hours later.

Veronica Portyanaya:

We went to visit relatives in America when I was 12 weeks pregnant. The gynecologist examined me and told me from what month I can fly - after 12 weeks. Since I’m afraid of everything in life, before the flight I went online to read whether it was possible to fly in the second trimester. I didn’t find any obvious contraindications, but I remembered all the suggested recommendations. On board I tried not to be nervous and took a book with me to distract myself. The flight went well, I felt a little nauseous, but these are minor things. We rested and went home full of impressions. The flight back went unnoticed, especially since I no longer doubted that pregnant women could fly on an airplane. Therefore, I can confidently say that you can fly in the second trimester if there are no contraindications.

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Due to the increased vigilance of a pregnant woman regarding her own condition, on which the normal development of the fetus depends, she wonders about the safety of almost any ordinary activity, including air travel. Let's consider the possible effects of air travel on the condition of a pregnant woman and answer the question: “is it possible to fly when pregnancy by plane?"

Flying during pregnancy

In general, the degree of safety of air travel for each specific pregnant woman depends on her state of health. That is, in essence, the safety of flying during pregnancy is the same as for the same but not pregnant woman.

The currently known potential dangers and possible negative impacts of air travel on the human body relate not so much to the growth and development of the fetus in the womb, but to any adult or child traveling on an aircraft. This means that all the risks and dangers of air travel for pregnant women are exactly the same as for non-pregnant women, men and children. Thus, the main risks of air travel are considered to be “economy class traveler syndrome”, an increased risk of thromboembolism, drying out of the mucous membranes of the ENT organs, infection by airborne infections due to the accumulation of a large number of people in the aircraft cabin, etc.

However, all existing relative risks of air travel can be reduced to almost zero by following simple rules of conduct throughout the flight, which we will consider separately.

Thus, we can conclude that a healthy woman whose pregnancy is proceeding normally (without complications) can safely fly on an airplane, following simple rules aimed at minimizing risks, when necessary, since air travel is safe for her and her unborn child. If a woman has any pregnancy complications, they should first be eliminated, after which, once a lasting improvement has been achieved, she can fly by air, also following simple rules that minimize the risks and negative effects of flying on an airplane.

Contraindications for flying during pregnancy

• Singleton pregnancy over 36 weeks;
• Multiple pregnancy over 32 weeks;
• The first seven days after birth;
• Complicated course of pregnancy (for example, threat of miscarriage, gestosis, severe toxicosis, etc.).

More clear contraindications to air travel during pregnancy are given by obstetrician-gynecologists from developed countries in Europe and the USA. Thus, the following conditions in a woman are absolute contraindications to air travel during pregnancy:

• Placenta previa (complete);
• Preeclampsia;
• Anemia of III severity (hemoglobin level below 70 g/l).

In addition to absolute ones, there are relative contraindications to air travel for pregnant women. In the presence of such relative contraindications, a woman can fly on an airplane with caution, but doctors strongly recommend that in such cases not travel by air. So, relative contraindications to air travel during pregnancy include the following conditions and diseases:

• Threat of premature birth;
• Risk of miscarriage;
• Suspicion of placental abruption;
• Anemia of II severity (hemoglobin level below 90 g/l, but above 70 g/l);
• Low location of the placenta (taken into account only from the 20th week of pregnancy);
• Abnormal structure of the placenta;
• Bloody vaginal discharge at any stage of pregnancy, occurring 1 to 2 days before the planned flight;
• Incorrect position of the fetus in the third trimester of pregnancy (from 28 to 40 weeks inclusive);
• Multiple pregnancy more than 24 weeks of gestation;
• Carrying out invasive procedures (for example, amniocentesis, choricentesis, etc.) within 7 - 10 days before the planned air flight;
• Preeclampsia;
• Severe toxicosis;
• Excessive vomiting;
• Thrombophlebitis suffered in the past;
• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus;
• Uncontrolled hypertension;
• Isthmic-cervical insufficiency;
• Exacerbation of chronic diseases (for example, herpes, cytomegalovirus infections, etc.);
• Acute infectious diseases (including colds, flu, etc.);
• Pregnancy resulting from IVF;
• Scar on the uterus.

These relative contraindications can become absolute, but only in each specific case if a woman has a really high risk of pregnancy loss due to any of the specified conditions or diseases. However, in general, if there are relative contraindications, air travel can be carried out, but this should be done only in case of urgent need.

Possible negative effects of air travel during pregnancy

• High risk of premature birth due to pressure changes;
• Risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (PE);
• Effect of cosmic radiation;
• Hypoxia;
• Harm from going through a metal detector at registration;
• Vibration and shaking in flight;
• Dehydration;
• Swelling of the nose and the appearance of rhinitis, sore throat and other signs of a cold;
• Risk of contracting respiratory infections;
• Risk of sudden obstetric complications.

Risk of premature birth due to pressure changes during takeoff, landing and exposure to turbulence

However, many years of practical observations of flights of pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy have shown that the frequency of premature births in the air is the same as on the ground. And pressure changes in no way affect the contractile activity of the uterus. In other words, air travel does not increase the risk of premature birth, so it is not something to be afraid of. And even if a woman already has a risk of miscarriage or premature birth, air travel will not increase it. Thus, this opinion is a myth.

The risk of preterm birth can be determined using transvaginal ultrasound measuring the length of the cervix. If the cervix is ​​longer than 14 cm, then the risk of premature birth is almost zero and you can safely take an air flight. If the cervix is ​​shorter than 14 cm, then there is a risk of premature birth, the degree of which must be assessed by the doctor and a decision made whether this woman can fly on an airplane.

Many women are not convinced by the results of many years of practical observations, because they believe that if flights did not increase the risk of premature birth and did not negatively affect pregnancy, then airlines would not restrict their access to flights, requiring a certificate from a gynecologist, which indicates that this woman can fly on an airplane. However, airline policies have nothing to do with the impact of flying on pregnancy, so this conclusion is completely incorrect.

It should be understood that this airline policy is not due to the negative impact of flights on pregnancy, but to the desire to minimize the likelihood of stress for the crew of the airliner, which they will receive if a passenger begins to give birth in the aircraft cabin. After all, neither pilots nor flight attendants are gynecologists, and they do not particularly want to find themselves in a situation where they need to provide assistance to a woman in labor. Although flight attendants are trained in childbirth skills, they are not doctors or midwives, and therefore for them a woman giving birth is an emergency. And no one wants to be in a stressful emergency situation, so airlines simply insure themselves, preferring not to deal with such incidents. It is very simple to do this - to limit admission to air travel for pregnant women, which is what we see from the airlines.

Deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (PE)

It must be remembered that the risk of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism during air travel is associated with low oxygen concentration and excessive dryness of the air in the aircraft cabin, consumption of alcohol, coffee and carbonated water, as well as prolonged exposure to a stationary position. All these factors cause blood stagnation in the vessels of the legs and dehydration, which leads to the formation of blood clots.

However, these increased risks of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in pregnant women can be minimized by proper in-flight behavior (walking every 45 to 50 minutes, moving your legs frequently while sitting, wearing compression garments, etc.). If a pregnant woman follows these rules of conduct during flight, the risk of thrombosis will be significantly reduced. Currently, the British Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has developed the following Recommendations for pregnant women, the implementation of which will reduce the risk of thrombosis:

• Stress your calf muscles for 5 – 10 minutes every hour;
• Every 45 - 50 minutes, walk around the aircraft cabin for 10 - 15 minutes;
• Drink 500 ml of liquid per hour (juice, still water);
• Do not drink coffee, tea, alcohol;
• Wear compression socks with a preventive degree of compression during the flight.

If for some reason low molecular weight heparin preparations cannot be administered, then they can be replaced by taking Aspirin 75 mg once a day the day before and on the day of the flight. However, Aspirin for the prevention of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is less effective than low molecular weight heparins.

Effect of cosmic radiation

However, you should not panic, since this effect of solar radiation is completely safe for all people of any gender and age, including pregnant women. The safety of solar radiation to which a pregnant woman is exposed during air travel is due to the fact that the radiation dose received is very low. Thus, the dose of solar radiation received during a transatlantic flight is 2.5 times lower than during a chest x-ray. Therefore, during infrequent air travel, a pregnant woman is exposed to small doses of radiation that are not dangerous either to her or to the fetus.

Hypoxia

Thus, during the study of the effect of low oxygen concentration in the air during air travel on the body of pregnant women, it was revealed that there were no signs of hypoxia in the fetus (according to CTG data). That is, a slight decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the air and blood of a woman during a flight does not lead to hypoxia of the fetus, and, therefore, does not have a negative effect on its condition. Therefore, the common belief that the fetus experiences oxygen starvation during air travel is a myth.

The only situation in which the fetus may be in a state of hypoxia during air travel is the presence of grade III anemia in a pregnant woman. In this case, compensatory mechanisms are not enough to eliminate hypoxia due to the lack of the required amount of hemoglobin.

Metal detector frame at registration

Vibration and shaking during flight

Dehydration

Swelling of the nose and the appearance of rhinitis, sore throat and other signs of a cold

Risk of contracting respiratory infections

Sudden obstetric complications

Rules of conduct for pregnant women during air travel

• For the flight, dress in comfortable clothes that do not restrict movement and do not compress fabrics;
• During the flight, you should wear compression socks or stockings with a preventive degree of pressure;
• During the flight, you should wear a gauze or synthetic mask covering your nose and mouth;
• Be one of the last to board the plane;
• Wear shoes that can be taken off without bending down and put on as well;
• Avoid sitting cross-legged as this impedes blood circulation and increases swelling;
• Every 45–50 minutes, get up and walk down the aisle for 10–15 minutes;
• For 5 - 10 minutes every hour, strain the muscles of the lower legs and make simple movements of the ankle in a sitting position (for example, pulling the sock towards you and away from you, etc.);
• If the shoes begin to put pressure on the foot or feel on it, then it is necessary to remove it;
• Fasten the belt under the stomach;
• Drink 500 ml of non-carbonated pure water or juice every hour;
• Choose seats in the nose of the plane, because, firstly, the air flows from the cockpit to the tail and it will be easier to breathe, and secondly, there is less shaking in this part;
• If possible, it is recommended to buy business class tickets, since it has more comfortable and wider seats, as well as relatively large aisles that allow you to stretch your legs and take the most comfortable position;
• Choose a seat near the aisle so that you can stand up and walk along the aisle;
• Take several small pillows to the salon to place under your neck, lower back, etc. in order to ensure maximum comfort;
• To refresh your face, take with you and use thermal or mineral still water as needed;
• To rinse the nose and mouth in order to eliminate dry mucous membranes, take with you and use salt solutions (Aqua-Maris, Humer, Dolphin, etc.);
• To reduce the effect of stuffy ears and motion sickness, you need to take sour candies and dark chocolate and consume them as needed;
• To eliminate the symptoms of motion sickness, take with you and use, if necessary, homeopathic medicines that are safe for pregnant women, such as Vertigohel or Avia-more;
• Do not drink coffee, tea, alcohol and sweet carbonated drinks;
• Place the exchange card and a note indicating the blood type and telephone number of your loved one in a visible place.

The most favorable periods of pregnancy for air travel

In addition to favorable periods, there are also unfavorable periods for air travel, during which the flight is most dangerous for a pregnant woman. Such unfavorable periods for air travel, and indeed for any other active actions, include the following:

• From 3 to 7 weeks of pregnancy;
• From 9 to 12 weeks of pregnancy;
• From 18 to 22 weeks of pregnancy;
• Each period of the next menstruation, which would have occurred if there had been no pregnancy.

Flying at different stages of pregnancy

Flying in the early stages (1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of pregnancy)

Flying during the 1st trimester (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 weeks of pregnancy)

Flying during the 2nd trimester (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 weeks of pregnancy)

Flying during the 3rd trimester (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 weeks of pregnancy)

Rules of various airlines for transporting pregnant women

• Up to 28 weeks of pregnancy women are allowed on board without any certificates or special documents;
• From 29 to 36 weeks of pregnancy To board a plane, women must provide a certificate from a gynecologist stating that the flight is permitted;
• From 36 weeks air travel is prohibited.

These rules are general and most frequently encountered, but not universal. Many airlines use other rules for transporting pregnant women, which can be either more strict or, on the contrary, loyal. For example, some airlines accept women on board even after 36 weeks of pregnancy with a certificate from a gynecologist stating that the flight is permitted. Therefore, when buying plane tickets, you need to find out the rules of the airline that operates the flight.

Most major airlines have the following policies regarding pregnant women:

• KLM – up to 36 weeks free, after which the passenger will not be allowed on board under any circumstances;
• BRITISH AIRWAYS - up to 28 weeks free, and from 28 until the birth only with a certificate from a gynecologist, which states that there are no contraindications for flying and with a completed application that the woman is aware of all the risks and does not blame the airline;
• LUFTHANSA – up to 34 weeks free, from 35 weeks until delivery only with a certificate from a gynecologist who works in a special center of the airline;
• Aeroflot and S7 – a doctor’s certificate at any stage of pregnancy;
• UTair, Air Berlin, Air Astana - up to 36 weeks with a certificate from a gynecologist, and from 36 weeks - flight is prohibited;
• Air France – free at any stage of pregnancy until birth;
• Alitalia – free up to 36 weeks, and after that with a doctor’s certificate.

Sometimes you have to adapt to the modern pace of life. In many cases, this also applies to pregnant women. Circumstances arise when air travel is required. Often, the expectant mother fears this. After all, even doctors don’t have a consensus. Some say that traveling on an airplane is not particularly dangerous. Other experts are confident that flying can trigger premature birth. To avoid being at risk, you need to know about all the nuances.

Is it possible to fly in early pregnancy?

The safest time to fly is 1 and 2 weeks after conception. Then a very important period begins for the unborn baby - at 3 and 4 weeks, the formation of its internal organs occurs. Therefore, at this time, doctors categorically prohibit the expectant mother from flying.

It is worth considering air tourism carefully throughout the first trimester. It is not advisable to use the services of airlines in certain weeks under the number:

• 9-12.

At this time, the internal organs and vital systems of the unborn child are also laid and formed. If something goes wrong, the fetus will not be viable, which means the pregnancy may be terminated.

The safest time in the first trimester is weeks 7 to 8.

Air travel in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters

If the first trimester is successful, the risk of miscarriage is reduced.

information The most favorable time for air travel is when the baby’s internal organs are already formed, and the woman’s body is accustomed to pregnancy.

In addition, the likelihood of premature labor contractions in this trimester is minimal. However, there is a time when it is still better to refrain from flying. These are weeks from 18 to 22. They are dangerous because the likelihood of late miscarriage increases.

Ambiguous. This includes weeks from 28 to 36. So, you can fly if the attending physician has not identified any contraindications. However, some airlines are wary of pregnant passengers.

important Therefore, after 28 weeks, many air carriers may require a certificate from a doctor, in which he confirms that there are no contraindications. This document must be received a week before the trip. Many companies will not take on board a pregnant woman who is about to give birth.

It is also worth considering that each woman has individual dates of increased risk. These are the days of the expected menstruation, which should have occurred if not for pregnancy. During these few days you need to refrain from any stress.

Possible risks for pregnant women during air travel

1. Exacerbation of toxicosis - due to sudden changes in atmospheric pressure. It is especially noticeable during takeoff and landing. There is an opinion that this can provoke labor, placental abruption and loss of amniotic fluid;
2. Hypoxia is a lack of oxygen due to its decrease. This can cause your ears to become blocked. However, this fact does not pose any serious danger to the health of the mother and fetus;
3. Increased background radiation - on an airplane, a person is indeed exposed to a certain dose of radiation, but its amount does not exceed the norm. If you don’t overuse flights, nothing bad will happen;
4. Thrombosis, stagnation of blood flow - flight aggravates the listed ailments. For many pregnant women, this problem exists in everyday life. Moreover, in flight. Exacerbations occur due to a long stay in a chair and pressure changes. Overweight pregnant women are especially at risk.
5. Sore throat and - expectant mothers are subject to frequent swelling and dryness of the mucous membrane. The dry air on board an airplane can make these feelings worse. But discomfort can be minimized by drinking plenty of water;
6. Premature labor pains due to.

Contraindications for flying for pregnant women

It is better to avoid traveling by plane if there are the following contraindications:

• anemia;
• inflammatory diseases;
• threat of placental abruption and miscarriage;
• heart and lung diseases;
• thrombophlebitis;
• neurological diseases.

In order for the flight to be successful, it is better for a pregnant woman to adhere to certain rules:

• clothes should be comfortable and spacious;
• You need to choose a place closer to the aisle so that from time to time you can change the sitting position to walking;
• there must be a special pillow for the neck;
• Before a flight, you should not eat food that causes gas formation;
• during the flight you need to drink a lot of liquid - except for soda and coffee;
• Be sure to fasten your seat belt under your stomach;
• Compression tights are recommended to reduce the risk of developing vascular diseases;
• Before traveling, you should visit a gynecologist.

Good to know

In any case, a flight for an expectant mother is unpredictable. You need to be prepared for emergency situations. Including bleeding. If this happens during the flight, the woman needs to call the flight attendant. In turn, she must look for a medical worker among the passengers or provide first aid herself:

• The pregnant woman should be placed on her back, with her legs higher than her head;
• You need to apply something cold under the lower abdomen, for example, ice;
• the pilot should be immediately informed about the emergency - he must select an airport for an emergency landing, where the woman will receive the necessary medical care.

So, an airplane is a certain risk for a pregnant woman. Before you go on such a trip, you need to take into account the nuances and weigh the pros and cons. If it is possible to use other transport, it is better not to risk it.

Worries all expectant mothers. The answer from gynecologists is always the same: “No negative impact of flights on the fetus has been identified, but the individual characteristics of the pregnant woman must be taken into account.” Let's try to understand this issue ourselves, taking into account the experience of airline workers and expectant mothers who flew at different stages of pregnancy.

Horror stories for pregnant women or warnings?

When it comes to pregnancy, the expectant mother begins to be frightened from all sides with stories about the possible loss of the child. Such horror stories were not spared from air travel. People believe that as a result of flights, the number of miscarriages, premature births, and children with developmental disabilities increases. In addition, there is no qualified medical assistance on the plane, which can lead, in the event of an unforeseen situation, to death for both mother and child.

Due to recent events, flying during pregnancy can result in an accident, explosion, terrorist attack, or premature birth in a foreign country, as a result of which the child becomes a foreigner. But you will read the same horror stories not only about air travel, but also about traveling by any type of transport (train, commuter train, bus, car, ship).

Still, pregnancy is a normal state of a woman, not a disease. Now the ecology is completely different, so doctors focus on the fact that in our time such a phenomenon as maintaining pregnancy has become the norm. Therefore, any factor can provoke the threat of miscarriage, not just air travel.

Pregnancy and airplane travel: what causes miscarriages

Let's look at each horror story in more detail. Firstly, the threat of miscarriage exists at any stage of pregnancy. And regardless of flights. The riskiest period is the first trimester (up to 12 weeks), when the threat of miscarriage is primarily provoked by genetic factors. In addition to hereditary factors, miscarriage can be caused by stress, bad habits (alcohol, smoking, drugs), physical trauma, and sexual intercourse.

Consequently, it is not the plane that causes the threat of miscarriage, but the internal state of the pregnant woman. Any woman who has been kept in hospital knows very well that miscarriage is caused by increased uterine tone. And the tone can be increased by any strong experiences (both joyful and negative), anxiety, stroking the stomach, fatigue, and physical stress.

Travel tolls, hassle at the airport, fear on the plane, stress, anxiety - and as a result, miscarriages occur and a frozen pregnancy occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid stressful situations as much as possible: do not stand in line at the airport, go through a manual search, consult a doctor about sedatives, follow safety rules. Then air travel during pregnancy will be the most relaxing and safe.

And one more thing: if there is tension in the lower abdomen, lingering pain, or bleeding, then you need to call a flight attendant for help, take a lying position so that your legs are at height, and use the medications recommended by the doctor.

Premature birth

Judging by world statistics, about 7 children are born on airplanes every year. Some women give birth in flight due to changes in pressure, others when landing in a foreign country due to climatic conditions. The causes of premature birth remain the same: fear of flying, stress and the peculiarities of the flight.

Every passenger knows that at altitude on an airplane, pressure increases, the amount of oxygen decreases, and movement is limited. It is these features that can lead to premature birth due to the fact that the baby does not receive oxygen, and the risk of thrombosis, placental abruption, and rupture of water increases. The baby feels uncomfortable and begins to knock hard on the stomach, as a result of which the pregnant woman begins to panic, and as a result, labor may begin.

Therefore, a long flight during pregnancy can worsen a woman's condition. But you should not blame only airplanes for premature birth, since there can be many reasons for deterioration: genital infections, isthmic-cervical insufficiency, placental abruption, polyhydramnios, varicose veins, preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, large fetus, improper diligence of the child, defects in the development of the baby , physical and mental fatigue, stress, poor nutrition, age of the pregnant woman (before 18 years and after 40 years).

Birth of children with developmental disabilities

Doctors have not identified the effect of flights on pregnancy and the development of congenital defects in the fetus. However, there are stories among pregnant women about women giving birth to children with developmental disabilities on airplanes. Their justification comes down to the allegedly increased level of radiation in the cabin. However, developmental deviations cannot appear in a child during one flight. The fact is that congenital defects are formed in the first trimester of pregnancy due to hereditary and acquired factors.

In the first case we are talking about hereditary diseases (mutations, hernias, cleft lip or palate, heart defects, polydactyly, etc.), in the second we are talking about an unhealthy lifestyle (alcohol, drugs, nicotine, taking medications without a doctor ), working with chemicals and radiation, ionizing radiation.

At an altitude of 10 kilometers, the radiation level is up to 200 μR/h, which is tens of times higher than on earth. However, do not forget that the skin of the aircraft absorbs most of the radiation, and 5 times less radioactive particles reach the cabin. This amount is completely safe, since in a year of flights you can only gain half a roentgen.

In fact, pilots need to fly 700 hours a year to reach a dangerous dose (1.5 roentgens). Ordinary citizens cannot afford that much air travel. But do not forget that pregnant flight attendants are already prohibited from flying at 12 weeks of pregnancy, and some airlines immediately transfer them to ground work.

About the qualifications of flight attendants

Lack of timely medical care can lead to death. Passengers point out to pregnant women that not all planes have flight attendants with obstetric knowledge. Nowadays, this is a true warning, but if the expectant mother is going to fly, then she should inquire about all the details in advance and choose the most reliable airline.

Reputable aircraft have at least one flight attendant with minimal obstetric knowledge, which means that if childbirth is complicated, he may not provide appropriate assistance. However, not all employees have experience and may become confused during childbirth. Even in Soviet times, Honored Obstetrician-Gynecologist V.N. Serov emphasized that the birth of a newborn on an airplane and other extreme conditions is fraught with complications for the child and the woman in labor.

Firstly, a pregnant woman is not focused on labor. Secondly, there are no conditions for childbirth (passengers are usually asked to vacate the first seats). Thirdly, the risk of diseases in a newborn increases due to violation of sanitary and hygienic standards. And fourthly, passengers and employees of the aircraft also experience enormous stress. Therefore, both doctors and airlines prohibit women from flying in late stages of pregnancy.

Plane crashes, terrorist attacks. Birth of a foreigner

It is irrational to talk about plane crashes and terrorist attacks. These phenomena are inherent in any type of transport, and even pedestrians get into accidents more often than plane crashes. The main causes of plane crashes are weather conditions (fog, heavy precipitation, mountainous terrain), faulty instruments, and human factor (piloting errors). In any case, world statistics say that for every 1.2 million flights there is one plane crash. So the plane is the safest transport today.

Now let's talk about horror stories about the birth of a child in a foreign country, whose authorities do not give him back to his mother. These myths were taken from television programs where pregnant women flew for long periods of time. Therefore, many Russian and foreign airlines allow flights during the 7th month of pregnancy only with a full set of documents and the presence of a doctor.

As for the birth of a child in another country, according to the law, its registration takes place at the place of residence of the parents or at the registry office located nearby. But even in this case, the address of the parents is indicated as the place of residence, and an extract from the hospital is attached to the document.

Bureaucratic problems for a pregnant woman may arise due to the lack of documents (exchange card, prenatal certificate, certificate from a gynecologist). However, most foreign airlines care about their reputation and try to quickly and peacefully resolve all troubles.

Basic flight rules for pregnant women

When planning a flight during pregnancy, you should keep in mind that each airline has a number of rules regarding this. As a standard, the expectant mother will be required to provide a certificate from a gynecologist about the duration of pregnancy and permission to fly (for a period of no more than 7 days), as well as an exchange card.

In the absence of these documents, a pregnant woman must obtain clearance from a gynecologist located at the airport and write a document waiving claims against the airline in the event of unforeseen situations (childbirth, miscarriage, deterioration of the child’s or mother’s condition).

Many airlines refuse to allow pregnant women to fly. More often, a flight at 34 weeks of pregnancy becomes possible if you have the required documents and an accompanying obstetrician. Russian Aeroflot allows air travel when there are still 4 weeks left before the due date.

Please note that a pregnant woman has the right not to stand in line during registration, not to go through customs, but to undergo a manual inspection. It's best to ask for an aisle seat in business class or the first row, closest to the exit. Firstly, you can stretch your legs there, secondly, it’s closer to the toilet, thirdly, you don’t disturb anyone during frequent movements, fourthly, oxygen flows from the head of the aircraft to the tail compartment.

At what time is it undesirable to fly?

Remember that flying in the first trimester of pregnancy is undesirable due to the risk of miscarriage. The fact is that during this period hormonal changes occur in the woman’s body. She already feels bad because of toxicosis, heartburn, pain, constant mood swings, pressure surges, and here she will have to fly on an airplane where there is not enough oxygen, atmospheric pressure increases, dry air and there is no opportunity to move freely.

The best time to fly is in the second trimester of pregnancy, when the expectant mother feels well. Here doctors emphasize that flying is possible for pregnant women who have already flown before, have not experienced the fear of airplanes, and for whom the entire first trimester passed without complications. In other cases, it is better to refrain from air travel.

In the third trimester, gynecologists also prohibit flying to eliminate the risk of premature birth. Airlines also do not allow a pregnant woman on board a plane from 34-36 weeks without the accompaniment of an obstetrician. Alas, the birth of a child becomes a huge stress for the crew and passengers, and a very risky undertaking for mother and baby.

Flying during pregnancy: reviews from pregnant mothers on different lines

Recently, more and more pregnant women are appearing who like to lead an active lifestyle and want to give birth in an unusual place. This is why many women hide their position in the last stages of pregnancy in order to get on the plane. Let us analyze in more detail the condition of the pregnant woman and child during the flight based on reviews from experienced travelers.

Most women endured a flight in the first week of pregnancy, not realizing their piquant situation. Most of the sad stories of miscarriages occur at 6-12 weeks, when active hormonal changes begin in the female body.

Expectant mothers who flew in the second trimester did not notice any negative consequences for their health or their baby. Women flying in the third trimester talk about different situations: about wonderful rest and well-being, about successful premature birth, but also about complications and troubles.

Women who have traveled during the 10th week of pregnancy, as well as 24-26, 34-36 weeks, are recommended to refrain from air travel in the first and third trimester and always follow safety rules.

Safety rules during the flight:

Conclusion

As you can see, pregnancy and air travel are incompatible for women who have contraindications: threat of miscarriage; anemia; diabetes; Congenital heart defect; asthma; high water; multiple pregnancy; low fetal diligence; large fruit; abnormalities of the placenta; pregnancy through IVF; hypertension; toxicosis; stitch from caesarean section; chronic diseases; defects in the fetus.

If a woman’s pregnancy progresses through all stages of pregnancy without complications, but she has never flown on an airplane, then it is better to refrain from flying. For most people, the first flight is accompanied by incredible stress, fear, anxiety and pressure surges.

Thus, flying during pregnancy is not prohibited if the woman feels great, has no contraindications or complications, and can tolerate air travel. Remember that the expectant mother is responsible for her child. Flying and changing climatic conditions can become new stress for a pregnant woman and child, which can lead to dire consequences.