Digital signature for the government services portal. Electronic digital signature (EDS) - what is it, the procedure for obtaining and registering for individuals and legal entities

In multifunctional centers, starting from 2017, you can obtain an electronic (digital) signature key, it is easy to issue an electronic signature for an individual at the MFC, the process does not require much time and money.

Since April 6, 2011, Federal Law No. 63 Federal Law has been in force throughout Russia, regulating the creation and use of such signatures.

It replaced the no longer valid No. 1-FZ. Many people are interested in why an electronic signature is needed and what advantages it provides.

In this review, we will talk about all the legal and everyday nuances associated with obtaining, using and restoring signatures.

In the era of the development of cryptography (encryption), experts created programs whose algorithms generate multi-character complex combinations. To use the system, a bunch of two keys is used - public and private.

The first user forwards to those with whom he plans to exchange confidential data. The second one is used by the owner himself. It allows you to send certificates to other people and authenticate official papers.

Both options are software products that have an expiration date. Upon completion, replacement is required. This is similar to the validity of licenses for antivirus programs, for which the period of use must be extended. This restriction ensures the safety of users.

It is so difficult and expensive to hack and tamper with a file that in the vast majority of cases, attackers simply do not have such resources.

The main scope of application is confirmation of the authenticity of documents for various purposes filled out by individuals (private citizens) or legal entities (enterprises and organizations). We are talking about a complete analogue of a personal painting, which has the same legal force in any authorities.

Types of digital signatures and their differences

Let's move on to a more detailed consideration of the point about what electronic signatures are and how they differ. The first option is a simple email. signature.

It can be used to work on government service websites or used for internal company affairs related to the signing of orders, resolutions, and correspondence.

The sole purpose is to confirm actual authorship. This option has no legal force at the state level.

A more advanced version, which has protection that guarantees authenticity and authorship, is called an unqualified electronic signature.

It can be used for internal and external (by mutual agreement) document flow. In the manufacture of such software products, new generation cryptographic systems are used.

The most effective and legally recognized is a qualified signature, abbreviated as CES. With its help, you can submit tax returns, work with the Pension Fund website, and participate in auctions.

The level of protection in this case is maximum, because cryptographic systems used for keys are tested by FSB experts and certified by security authorities.

Using a qualified electronic signature, you limit access to confidential documents and receive protection against theft of important information, incl. industrial espionage.

List of documents for obtaining an electronic digital signature

Some users are not aware of what documents are needed to obtain an electronic signature. The fact is that ordinary people, entrepreneurs and company managers will have a different list of required papers.

In the first case, it is enough to write an application, attaching a receipt and a photocopy of your passport certified by a notary. The second one is more difficult:

• Order on the appointment of the head of the enterprise (certified copy);
• Passport of the person submitting the application (original);
• If a third party is submitting the application, a power of attorney in his name is required;
• Charter of the enterprise (certified copy);
• Statement of payment.

The registration procedure is quick. On average, production takes no more than three days from the date of application. Applications are always processed in order of priority, and this happens without any hitches.

Receipt through multifunctional centers

Often people simply do not know where the accredited service for issuing digital signatures is located, and are interested in whether it is possible to obtain an electronic signature through the MFC at their place of residence.

Experts answer that such a possibility really exists. By contacting the municipal services center, any citizen or representative of a legal entity will be able to receive the keys within ten working days from the date of submission of the application. Such services have been provided since 2017.

To register, you need to make an appointment by calling the hotline 88005505030 or come to the department to pick up an electronic queue coupon.

Upon arrival, you will need to write an application according to the sample that will be given to you on the spot. You also need to have your passport and... The service is free for the public.

The procedure is extremely simple. First, you register on the website of the certification center, select a registration service, prepare the above papers, pay for the service in a convenient way (bank, terminal, Visa or MasterCard).

There are several ways to obtain an electronic signature for individuals, and they differ in purpose.

How to make an electronic signature for government services

If you need to use the capabilities of the gosuslugi.ru website, work with the portals of the tax service and Rosreestr, you will need a qualified signature. With its help, a citizen can carry out the following operations:

• Receive or replace a civil or TIN;
• Request information about income, debts, fines from the tax and;
• Receive electronically;
• Check the account in the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
• Register or deregister in the city, carry out similar operations with the car;
• Apply to a university in another city;
• Conclude contracts for remote work;
• Participate in the electronic trading system throughout the country;
• Register ;
• Obtain a license, patent.

You can obtain this type of digital signature from certification centers. Cost – 950 rub. To do this you will need to perform the following set of steps:

• Visit the official website of the NCC of the Russian Federation and go through a quick registration procedure;
• In your personal account, indicate where you live and where you want to receive an electronic signature;
• Clarify for what purposes it is planned to be used;
• Request an invoice and pay it in a convenient way;
• Arrive at the pickup location at the specified time with a package of necessary documents.

So you can easily make an individual an electronic signature for government services and other tasks related to official document flow and various registrations. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this process, and it will take a little time.

Digital signature and distribution of powers

Often the signature belongs to a legal entity - more precisely, the head of a company or business owner. But at the same time, all the main “current” tasks are performed by his deputy, the head of the legal department or another official in the company.

In this case, a logical question arises - how to issue a power of attorney for the use of an electronic signature by another person? Is such a procedure possible in principle?

Yes, such a possibility is provided for and enshrined in law. In accordance with the Regulations on the use of digital signatures dated December 27, 2012, legal entities have the right to appoint authorized representatives, who, in turn, will use special digital signatures.

An application with a power of attorney is submitted to the certification center (you can download a sample here). After this, the representative will be issued certificates.

Loss of digital signature and procedures related to restoration

Your laptop was stolen or your hard drive was damaged and cannot be restored. What to do in this case, To How to restore an electronic signature in the prescribed manner? If the key is lost, it cannot be recovered. You will have to apply for a new one.

The essence is the same as during the initial appeal. There is also no difference in timing. You simply repeat the previously completed procedure. Warn everyone about such changes. Use backup storage options such as portable flash drives to avoid unnecessary hassle.

If necessary, you can use the help of specialists who will help you quickly and competently collect all the necessary documents and issue or restore an electronic digital signature in the shortest possible time.

The main task of the Unified Government Services Portal is to ensure prompt and secure interaction between legal entities, individuals and executive bodies. By registering in this system, you get access to a wide range of services and operations that you can use online.

Among the most popular services for individuals:

• obtaining a foreign passport;
• registration at place of residence;
• filing a tax return.

Legal entities most often use the following options:

• confirmation of activity in the Social Insurance Fund;
• obtaining permission to drive on roads;
• submission of documents on payment of insurance premiums.

You can find a complete list of services on the official website. The list is regularly updated, making working with the portal even more convenient and productive.

To register in the system, it is most convenient to obtain an electronic signature for government services. Alta-Soft CA will help you obtain a qualified electronic signature certificate for legal entities or individuals at an affordable price in the shortest possible time.

The presence of an electronic signature is the main way to identify the subject and confirm the legal significance of your electronic documents.

Advantages of receiving government services in electronic format

The development of technology makes it possible to automate and simplify work with documents. Therefore, the transition to electronic document management is actively stimulated, including when interacting with the government services portal.

What additional features do you get with electronic registration:

• providing discounts on paying state fees via the Internet and a number of other services;
• You are not required to visit in person or provide paper documents.

How to obtain an electronic signature for the public services portal

To obtain an electronic signature for government services, contact Alta-Soft. Our center is accredited by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of Russia and meets all necessary requirements.

We are ready to produce for you a qualified electronic signature certificate for receiving information and documents on the Unified Government Services Portal.

Leave a request for the production of an electronic signature, send or bring to the office the required documents (the manager will provide you with a list of them) and pay the invoice. If everything is in order with the documents, the preparation of the digital signature will take 30 minutes.

The signature meets the requirements and can be used on the following resources:

An electronic signature (ED or EDS) is currently often used on the State Services website. It helps to sign any digital documents and is mainly used for the purpose of getting more online services. In our country, every citizen can obtain an electronic signature for the State Services portal. After the user has issued an electronic signature, he will have access to more opportunities when using electronic services and services posted on the online portal gosuslugi.ru. Through a single portal, you can significantly speed up the receipt of government services, because there is no need to bring extra papers to government organizations. Citizens can submit applications for services using a single portal at any time convenient for them, and also monitor the status of the department’s decision-making directly on the website.

How can I obtain an electronic signature for public services?

Every citizen can obtain an electronic signature for State Services completely free of charge. The user must pay only for the flash drive; as a rule, its cost does not exceed 500 rubles.

The service is provided when a citizen visits a certification center (CA), where he can directly obtain an electronic signature key for the State Services portal. A complete list of CA addresses can be found on the websites of the State Services (e-trust.gosuslugi.ru/CA) or the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of Russia (minsvyaz.ru/ru/activity/govservices/certification_authority/). After the flash drive has been received, on the portal it will be possible to use those services that were previously not available and required identification using a signature.

What you need to do to get an EP

To create an electronic signature for State Services, you need to complete the following steps:

1. Fill out an application for a personal electronic signature on the website of the certification center of your choice and indicate the telephone number and email for contact.
2. The center specialist takes the application into consideration, contacts the future owner of the signature and sends a list of documents to the email address specified in the application. Phys. persons must bring an application for the issuance of a signature, their, and. When receiving an electronic signature, legal entities must provide an application, a certificate of state registration. individual entrepreneur registration, TIN, passport, SNILS and extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs. Sometimes additional documents may be required. In any case, the final list of required documentation for each citizen will be sent in a letter to the email address specified in the application.
3. After submitting the requested documents, the electronic signature is produced within 1 day.

Types of electronic signature

At the moment, it is possible to obtain one of three types of electronic signature for State Services: simple, unqualified or qualified (abbreviated as PEP, NEP or CEP).

A simple electronic signature is used to certify authorship and when maintaining documentation in organizations. It does not give the documentation legal force and does not guarantee that there will be no changes in the papers after signing. The most relevant use of PEP is to enter the State Services portal.

NEP confirms the authorship of the papers and guarantees that the content will not be changed. An unqualified electronic signature is used for the circulation of documentation within a company and for the exchange of documents between other companies with which an agreement has been established and the rules for using this signature have been determined. To create it, cryptographic protection is required to ensure data security.

A qualified EP has all the advantages of an unqualified EP, but it can only be obtained from an accredited CA. The EPC is used when submitting reports to government organizations and for participating in online auctions. CEP cryptoprotection tools are certified by the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (for example, CryptoPro CSP). Accordingly, such an electronic signature is a valid analogue of a living signature.

Checking the validity of the electronic signature through State Services

On the State Services website, electronic signature verification is carried out by monitoring the accuracy of the root (self-signed) certificate, which is included in the list of accredited CAs and in the list of trusted CAs of the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation. You can also check the digital signature on the State Services website by verifying the correctness of the certificate received at an accredited CA.

In the “Select a certificate to verify” column, you need to indicate the document whose electronic signature you want to confirm is correct, and select the “Check” button. Next, information about the reconciliation result will be displayed.

Electronic signature for individuals and legal entities

An individual registers in his personal account on the State Services website using the CEP. The correct certificate for this signature includes the owner’s full name and SNILS number.

Legal entities to receive State Services are also registered using the CEP. In the certificate, the owner indicates an employee who can perform actions on behalf of this legal entity. The citizen's full name, SNILS, full name of the legal entity, address and OGRN (main state registration number) must be indicated.

The validity period of the electronic signature key may vary, but usually the certificate is valid for 1 year.

What can EP be used for?

Citizens who own an electronic signature can use it for the following purposes:

1. Apply for government services via the Internet;
2. Take an active part in public initiatives;
3. Make full use of online services;
4. Send documents to higher educational institutions upon admission;
5. Individuals can quickly apply for loans online;
6. Obtain accreditation for an expert;
7. Send documents for registration of individual entrepreneurs;
8. Persons with individual entrepreneurs can take part in supplies for government agencies;
9. Submit documents in order to obtain a patent.

How to use a digital signature

In order to use the EP, you need:

1. Install a cryptographic information protection tool (CIPF) on your computer or laptop;
2. Install the program for a closed flash drive (eToken, ruToken);
3. Install a user digital signature certificate;
4. Install the certificate of the selected CA.

Typically, using ES does not cause difficulties and does not require special knowledge.

Important! Do not forget to check the validity period of the digital signature through State Services in a timely manner. If a notification appears that you are using an invalid electronic signature tool, you must renew the certificate.

Conclusion

When using an electronic signature on the State Services portal, the user is personally responsible for correct use and is obliged to control the protection of keys from third parties. If there is even the slightest possibility of violating the confidentiality of the signature, the electronic signature user must immediately visit the CA where the certificate was issued.

At the moment, the State Services portal has minor drawbacks regarding electronic signatures, on which preventive work is currently underway: not all organizations are ready to work under the new document flow program, not every user of the system has complete information about the benefits of using electronic signatures. The creators of the State Services portal are interested in making its use as convenient as possible for individuals and legal entities in the near future, therefore they are making every possible effort in this direction.

In simple terms, an electronic digital signature (EDS) is an encrypted part of a document that protects the original information from distortion. The digital signature carries data about the owner and can be in the form of an image, a digital code, or have no visual form at all.

Where and how is an electronic digital signature used?

EDS can be used to carry out most electronic services. As a rule, it is stored on removable media (flash drive). It is important that the signature is qualified, otherwise it will not have proper legal force. The most popular areas of application of electronic signatures:

• work with (all services, up to registration of the organization);
• admission to higher educational institutions (documents can now be sent electronically);
• remote collaboration with people or organizations (for example, drawing up an agreement when working as a freelancer);
• participation in electronic auctions related to the liquidation of enterprises or work projects;
• registration of a patent for an idea or invention.

When working with the State Services portal, an electronic signature does not provide advantages in receiving services, but it significantly speeds up the process of filling out applications. You can also use it to log into your personal account without a password or login and confirm your account.

Where to go to get an electronic signature

It is possible to obtain an electronic signature only through the MFC or any accredited certification center (for example,). A complete list of such centers is presented on the resource e-trust.gosuslugi.ru/CA. To complete the application you will need:

• passport;
• SNILS;

The electronic digital signature itself is issued free of charge, but for removable media for it you will have to pay about 700 rubles. The issuance of digital signature will take no more than one working day. As a result, you receive a USB drive, a certificate for keys for electronic signature and a transfer certificate.

How to confirm the authenticity of an electronic signature

The digital signature can be located directly on the document (attached) or attached separately (detached). There are several ways to confirm its authenticity:

• through the State Services portal (registration and confirmation of your personal account are optional);
• through a single Electronic Signature portal iecp.ru;
• using certain computer programs (one of the most popular is “Crypto APM”);
• via MS Office Word;
• through unofficial resources on the network.

EDS authentication via State Services

Due to the fact that the new State Services website is being finalized, electronic digital signature can only be confirmed on the old version of the website at gosuslugi.ru/pgu/eds. When checking a signature certificate, you receive information about its owner, the authority that issued the signature, and its validity period. Download the certificate, enter the code from the picture, and click “Verify”.

The following type of confirmation is used to verify attached signatures. Upload a document with digital signature, enter the code from the picture, and click “Check”.

The usual verification of a detached electronic signature (in PKCS#7 format) allows you to find out its authenticity if you have the signed document in its full original size. We upload the document, upload the file with the signature below, enter the code and check it.

The latest option for verifying a signature in PKCS#7 format using a hash function. The hash function is used when sending large documents. To speed up the file exchange process, a signature is placed on the so-called hash image of the document. To confirm a signature using this method, you need to download the proposed utility, unzip the resulting file and run the program. After loading a document with an electronic signature into the program, the system will produce a hexadecimal hash value. We enter it into the window on State Services, also upload the document, enter the code from the picture, and click “Check”.

Verifying the authenticity of digital signatures through a single Electronic Signature portal

On this site it is possible to check only the digital signature certificate. In the menu on the left, click “Electronic signature” / “Check electronic signature certificate”.

If you don't know where to get a signing certificate, the website provides detailed instructions for obtaining one. Click “Select”, upload the certificate, check the “I am not a robot” checkbox, and check.

Verifying the authenticity of digital signatures through a special utility

Confirming a signature through special software will be convenient for those who regularly work with digital documents. As mentioned earlier, the most popular authentication program is Crypto APM. You can download it on the official website of the developer, both a licensed version and a free product. Install the program, after launch, select “File” / “Verify signature”.

We upload the document through the “Add file” or “Add folder” command (when checking several documents at once).

Confirming the authenticity of an electronic signature using MS Office Word requires certain skills and will not be discussed within the scope of this article. It is also worth noting that all of the above verification methods are valid for qualified electronic signatures obtained through an accredited certification center.

What is an electronic signature

It is an electronic signature, encrypted information that helps identify a legal entity or individual. It also provides the ability to verify document integrity and confidentiality. It is impossible to fake or copy a key, because outwardly it looks like a random sequence of characters that was formed under the influence of encoding using a crypto provider (a special encryption program).

Federal Law 63 describes 3 types of digital signature. Each of them has its own distinctive properties and characteristic features. You can get one of the signatures:

1. Reinforced unskilled.
2. Simple.
3. Enhanced qualified electronic signature.

For individuals

Each individual has the right to receive their own electronic signature key. To do this, you need to complete and submit an application with a certain set of documents, which will be described below. EDS can be used in the following cases:

1. When receiving services via the Internet from the state. The digital signature will provide full access to all services of the government portal. services.
2. It is possible to submit an application for admission to a university. You don’t have to stand in line or go somewhere, because documents certified by electronic signature are accepted by educational institutions.
3. When submitting an application for registration of an individual entrepreneur, legal entity. persons, applications to the tax authority.
4. If you work via the network, receive work from home from the Internet, then the electronic signature allows you to formally draw up documents in this case.
5. An electronic signature will be required for bidding if you wish to participate.

For legal entities

Electronic signatures offer wide possibilities for document management for legal entities. At the moment, you can carry out the following legal relations using it:

1. Online trading of services and goods.
2. Internal and external document flow.
3. Managing funds, paying bills, drawing up deposit agreements, obtaining loans.
4. Registration of real estate transactions.
5. You can participate in electronic auctions of corporate and government orders.
6. Prepare declarations of imported goods at customs.
7. It is allowed to generate reports to Rosstat, territorial bodies of the Federal Tax Service, and other regulatory structures.
8. Gain access to departmental systems.

Law on EDS

Electronic digital signature and its use are regulated on the basis of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Federal Law of January 10, 2002. No. 1-FZ “On electronic digital signature”. EDS was used long before the publication of this act, but a comprehensive legal framework was laid down for the use of electronic signatures only in it. The purpose of the law is to facilitate commercial activities, create conditions for the development of information technologies, and improve the interaction of citizens with municipal authorities.

Key

Based on the basic principle of digital signature (signing documents), there are two types of keys: open (public) and closed (private). Here are the main differences between them:

Private key

Issued to the signatory for use on documents, letters, etc. It must be recorded on removable media and is confidential in nature and should be accessible only to the owner. If the file falls into the hands of an unauthorized person, the attacker will be able to sign any document and it is not possible to conduct a graphological examination in this case. The owner is solely responsible for how he uses the key. If the digital signature was lost, then you need to immediately contact the ACCC with a request to block it.

Public key

Used to decrypt the private key, it is available to anyone who wants to verify the authenticity of the sent document. In fact, it is a 1024-bit file that must be transmitted along with a letter with a closed digital signature. A sample (duplicate) of such a key must be submitted to the Certification Center in order to enter it into the appropriate database. The latter provide reliable storage, registration and protection of open digital signatures from distortion.

How to use

Before you make an electronic signature, you should figure out how it can be used. To do this, you do not need to have specific skills, but you do need to have a private and public key. If there are none, then the use of digital signature will not only be a lengthy process, but also illegal. To create an electronic signature on a document, you need to:

1. Download and install on your PC the programs that will be issued by the Certification Center. Be sure to install the entire kit, owner and center certificate.
2. Install the "Capicom" and "Cadescom" libraries.
3. To attach a key in Word 2007, click on the office button, then go to “Prepare”, then click “Add CPU”, click on “Write the purpose of signing the document”. Next, click on “Select signature” and click the “Sign” button.
4. When using the PDF format, you need to have special software modules. If you don't have it, install the latest version of Adobe Acrobat or Reader. To make a signature on a PDF file, the “CryptoPro PDF” module is suitable.
5. For an HTML form, attaching a key is easiest. A special “Sign and Send” button immediately appears.

Where to do

For those who are looking for how to issue an electronic signature, you should know which authorities are competent to provide such services. A regular digital signature is provided by government agencies. Manufacturing by private entities is not carried out, but is not prohibited by law. To obtain an electronic signature, you must initially contact the Unified Identification and Authorization System online or in person. EDS production is carried out by:

1. ESIA customer service centers, if you need a regular digital signature.
2. Certification centers (unaccredited ones are allowed) can make an unqualified type of key.
3. Only accredited CAs can make a qualified option.

How to get a digital signature

The cost of providing a key depends on the scope of further use. For example, for bidding, the price starts from 6,400 rubles. Ordering keys for the interdepartmental interaction system will cost from 3,650 rubles. To obtain it, you should contact the certification center, you need to do the following:

1. Find a certification center in your region; this institution has the appropriate license to issue electronic keys.
2. Submit the correct application. It will be processed within 1-5 days, after which an employee will contact you who will tell you what needs to be done next to verify the authenticity of the data. The list of required documents will be given below.
3. Next you need to get the private and public key. The CA will issue you an electronic and paper certificate.
4. To start using it, you must install all the software that will be issued by the CA.

Documents to be received

For those who are looking for how to make an electronic signature for themselves, please note that the data package for legal entities and individuals is different. The speed of consideration of the application and the procedure for checking the provided data depend on how correctly you prepare everything. If any information is missing, the consideration may be very delayed.

How to make an electronic signature for legal entities:

1. Signed, completed registration card. An appendix to the second section may be needed in two copies.
2. Charter of a legal entity (original), notarization (copy).
3. It is necessary to take documents that confirm the applicant’s authority as a manager.
4. Copies of the passport of the signatory, the applicant (1-4 pages), certified by handwritten signature, identification number.
5. Taxpayer registration card (copy).

How to make an electronic signature for individuals

1. Signed, completed registration card in two copies.
2. You need to make a copy of 1-4 pages of your passport with a handwritten signature and TIN.
3. You must make a copy of your taxpayer card.

Video: how to get a personal electronic signature

The procedure for making an electronic signature is relatively simple, although it requires spending a lot of time on it. In the future, it can be used to sign personal mail between managers, to use government services, and electronic trading. Below are videos that will help you understand how the keys work and the process of installing a certificate on a PC.

For government services

How does digital signature work?

Enhanced electronic signature

How to install a certificate on a computer