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What do you know about G.A. Ilizarov?

Slide 3. Ilizarov Gavriil Abramovich is an outstanding surgeon, specialist in the field of traumatology and orthopedics, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor.

G.A. Ilizarov was short, energetic, with a bushy mustache and lively brown eyes under thick eyebrows, he somewhat resembled a wizard from oriental fairy tales. It was this man who was able to bring the fairy tale to life.

Doctor Ilizarov is called the “Kurgan magician”, “healer of the century”, “genius of orthopedics”, “wizard”...

His invention ranks among the greatest discoveries of the 20th century. The method, which seemed like a miracle, is now successfully used all over the world.

Slide 4. From 1944 until his death, the biography of G.A. Ilizarova was closely connected with the Trans-Urals. In 1971, he was awarded the title "Honorary Citizen of the City of Kurgan", and in 2003 (posthumously) - the title "Honorary Citizen of the Kurgan Region". Academician G.A. Ilizarov is the hallmark of the Kurgan region.

Considering the invaluable contribution of G.A. Ilizarov to domestic and world science, as well as to the development of healthcare in the Kurgan region, 2016 was declared the “Year of Ilizarov” in the Kurgan region.

Biography of G.A. Ilizarov

Slide 5. Gabriel Abramovich Ilizarov was born on June 15, 1921 in the city of Belovezh, Belarusian SSR. Soon after his birth, the Ilizarov family moved to relatives in the village of Kusary, on the border of Azerbaijan with Dagestan. The future scientist spent his childhood years here.

The large Ilizarov family lived poorly. Gabriel was the youngest child. The family had 4 brothers and 2 sisters. Life in such a family in those years was difficult and hungry. It was necessary to earn bread for himself, and Gabriel tended the livestock of his fellow villagers.

Slide 6. He developed a desire to be a doctor after he became seriously ill and a local doctor saved the boy from certain death. The goal was clear - to become a doctor to heal people!

He went to school only at the age of 11, but after passing the primary school exams, he was immediately enrolled in the 5th grade. He finished his seven-year school with excellent marks and continued his studies at the workers' faculty in the city of Buinaksk. In 1939, as an excellent student, he was sent to study at the Crimean Medical Institute.

Slide 7. In 1944, Ilizarov graduated from the Crimean Medical Institute and, as a young specialist, was assigned to the Kurgan region to work in a rural hospital.

Working conditions: hunger, devastation, poverty and almost complete absence of medical services. There was no question about a medical specialty - the only doctor in the area should provide assistance to everyone who needs it. So I had to work - for everyone at once.

Slide 8. During the war, and even after its end, disabled front-line soldiers returned. Compassion for them makes the doctor enthusiastic about finding a method for treating bone fractures and restoring musculoskeletal functions.

“One of the first patients was a rural accordion player, unable to move without crutches. Gavriil Abramovich brought him to his feet. It was like a miracle."

Slide 9. The problems of treating bone injuries interested G.A. Ilizarov while still studying at the institute. At the same time, the first original ideas appeared. But he took up research, invention and experimentation (at his own expense and in his free time) seriously when he became a qualified doctor. The ideas took on real shape and took shape in a unique methodology. In 1951, he proposed his own new method of fusing bones during fractures. The device he built seemed like a “magic machine” from a fairy tale - it lengthened limbs, corrected congenital and acquired defects as a result of injuries. Thanks to the Ilizarov apparatus, it is possible to restore missing parts of the limbs, including the foot, fingers, and also lengthen the limb.

Slide 10. In 1952, the Krasny Kurgan newspaper reported that he had lengthened his limb by 12.5 cm. This was the first report in the world of lengthening a limb by such a large amount.

Slide 11. Having accumulated a certain number of treated patients, having completed, one might say, albeit unofficial, clinical trials of his methods and equipment, an orthopedic surgeon from the outback went to the capital for support.

But the venerable surgeons of the capital did not want to recognize Ilizarov’s new technique. Ilizarov’s technique was very progressive for that time; all traditional surgery, orthopedics and traumatology suddenly became obsolete. A huge number of doctors would have to retrain and master new methods of treating injuries and congenital pathologies. Most novice traumatologists knew nothing about the Ilizarov method due to its silence.

Soon the name of the Kurgan surgeon was hung with all the label titles - false scientist, healer, shaman, irresponsible bone-breaker, etc.

Slide 12. But then something happened that saved the almost hunted Ilizarov. In 1965, a motorcyclist was involved in an accident. Not quite ordinary - this was the world record holder in high jump, the legend and pride of Soviet sports Valery Brumel. The tragedy, as a result of which an athlete crowned with every conceivable award turned out to be disabled, was experienced by the whole country.

The broken jumper, of course, fell into the hands of the officially best surgeons of the USSR. They did what they could in the best possible way. A famous athlete was literally assembled from pieces of broken bones.

Brumel was brought back to life, put on his feet, but - alas! - one of them became much shorter than the other. We had to forget about sports and especially world competitions.

Slide 13. And then someone advised: you have nothing to lose, contact a Kurgan surgeon. They say a lot of amazing things about him, and even more write that he is a worthless bone breaker. But what if?..

This is how Valery Brumel ended up in Ilizarov’s hands. And another slow miracle began in a modest Kurgan clinic. Probably, it is still necessary to explain what the specifics of the Ilizarov method are, because you may not know this. Broken bones (as a result of injury or artificially) are moved apart by a millimeter to one and a half per day - just enough so that new bone tissue has time to grow. To prevent the fragments from shifting and injuring each other and the surrounding muscle tissue, the entire supporting load is taken on by the outer metal frame. It has a screw thread and nuts, with the help of which you can lengthen the limb in strictly measured doses. Regeneration is controlled by x-rays.

Slide 14. The athlete was treated using the device, lengthening his crippled leg by 6 centimeters. Valery began training, and after two months he reached a height of 2 meters 5 centimeters. However, in 1969, during the competition, Brumel received a new injury - he tore the knee ligament on his push leg. And again after treatment with G.A. Ilizarov, was able to return to the sport and reach a height of 2 meters 7 centimeters. In 1963, the world record set by Valery Brumel was 2 meters 28 centimeters. These sports results became a revolution in world traumatology and orthopedics!

Slide 15. It was thanks to the worldwide popularity of Valery Brumel, the bar, which was not knocked down at a phenomenal height for a former disabled person, that helped the Ilizarov method become famous and enter into widespread medical practice.

The news about the miracle device and the magician doctor from Kurgan spread throughout the country, and then throughout the world. The research results began to be widely covered in scientific medical literature and special journals. Thanks to G.A. Ilizarov, Russian orthopedics and traumatology took a leading position in the world.

Slide 16. In 1971 G.A. Ilizarov created the Kurgan Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Orthopedics and Traumatology (KNIIEKOT).

Slide 17. For the sake of imagery, Gavriil Abramovich compares his invention to a children's construction set - there are such wonderful games for children. The box contains various pieces of hardware, fasteners, squares, and wheels. If you want, make a car out of them, or if you want - an airplane or a ship. You can even build something unusual of your own design.

There are about thirty different parts in Dr. Ilizarov’s apparatus - rings, rods, nuts, squares; short and long plates with holes.

With a good imagination, you can assemble many different interesting toys from a children's construction set. So it is with the Ilizarov apparatus. It seems that the details are the same, but the modifications and purpose of the devices are different depending on the nature of the disease.

Slide 18. Ilizarov constantly modernized his apparatus. His new products corrected club feet, bow legs, and eliminated the so-called false joints formed as a result of non-union of broken bones. He modeled feet or hands in their complete absence and created a living “prosthesis”, performed “cosmetic” operations to straighten or lengthen ugly legs and much more, which fully deserved both the highest awards and folk tales.

Slide 19. One Italian newspaper published material about the work of KNIIEKOT, which said that Ilizarov’s technique gives limb lengthening by 20 - 35 cm. Then no one could even think about a five-centimeter lengthening - and suddenly such a statement.

The newspaper asked the famous Italian orthopedic professor Monticelli to comment. He, having familiarized himself with the material, rendered a verdict: “Two mistakes are likely here. Firstly, the journalist could have made a mistake by not understanding the essence of the issue. Secondly, Professor Ilizarov may be deliberately misleading us.”

Slide 20. In 1987, the institute became an All-Union Institute, and in 2005 received a new name - the Russian Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician G.A. Ilizarov. Center G.A. Ilizarov has its own emblem with the inscription “Directing the Forces of Nature.”

Slide 21. The structure of the Center includes a consultation and outpatient department, a hospital with 800 beds, an animal clinic, and a pilot plant. The RRC employs 6 academicians, 11 professors, 29 doctors of science and 102 candidates of science.

Slide 22. G.A. Ilizarov conducted ongoing international courses to teach his method of fusion and lengthening of bones. International conferences were held in Kurgan in 1983 and 1986, in which more than 500 scientists and practitioners of our country and 89 foreign guests from 21 countries took part.

Method G.A. Ilizarov is used in many foreign countries: Spain, France, England, USA, Mexico, etc.

Slide 23. Within the walls of the Center, patients of different nationalities and from different countries of the world live and become forever friends.

There is a children's department in the Center. It was literally imbued with kindness, spontaneity and sympathy between the sick and their healers. The extraordinary psychological climate, tenderness and care pushed into the background the suffering and pain in the wounded arms and legs, helped not to be afraid of blood, and to be more courageous about upcoming operations and procedures.

G.A. Ilizarov was the kids' favorite. Not a single matinee was held in the children's department without his presence. Forgetting about the high status of the leader, Dr. Ilizarov entertained the young audience with the tricks of a real illusionist with the mysterious appearance and disappearance of balls, ribbons, cards and other props.

Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, laureate of the Lenin Prize, among many awards, especially highlighted the Order of Smiles.

Slide 24. The Order of Smile is an international award given to famous people who bring joy to children. These are doctors, writers, teachers, musicians, famous politicians and religious figures.

Dr. Ilizarov became the second in the Soviet Union (after the famous puppeteer actor Sergei Obraztsov) to receive the only order in the world that is awarded to the children of their adult friends.

Slide 25. Not only people, but also “lesser brothers” can count on help and salvation. It happened that homeless mongrels and crippled geese ended up on the operating table. Unique orthopedic mechanisms adorned the mangled wings and paws. Probably, the hero of Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky, Doctor Aibolit, was just like that, kind-hearted and competent, unable to refuse a single living creature.

Slide 26. G.A. Ilizarov went from a district hospital doctor to the director of the All-Union Kurgan Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopedics.

Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences G.A. Ilizarov:
Honored Doctor of the RSFSR (1965),
Honored Inventor of the RSFSR (1975),
Honored Inventor of the USSR (1985),
Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1991).

He has been awarded many domestic and foreign awards, medals and prizes.

Slide 27. In 1992, in the seventy-second year of his life, G.A. Ilizarov died suddenly of heart failure. He was buried in Kurgan in the cemetery of the village of Ryabkovo.

Slide 28. Memory In 1982, astronomer of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory Lyudmila Karachkina named the asteroid 3750 Ilizarov, discovered by her on October 14, 1982.

In September 1988, artist Israil Tsvaygenbaum flew to the city of Kurgan, where he spent 6 days with Ilizarov to make sketches. Later a portrait of Dr. G.A. was painted. Ilizarov.

On June 15, 1993, on the initiative of the General Director of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences V.I. Shevtsov opened a museum of the history of the development of the Ilizarov Center.

In 1993, the Foundation named after. G.A. Ilizarov.

Slide 29. A monument to the founder and creator of the method and center, Academician G.A., was unveiled on the territory of the RRC “WTO”. Ilizarov.

Since 1995, in memory of G.A. Ilizarov publishes the practical magazine “Genius of Orthopedics”.

In 2011, a Russian postal envelope dedicated to Ilizarov was issued.

Books are written and films are made about Ilizarov.

In 2011, in Kurgan, director Andrei Romanov shot a documentary film “He dedicated his life to people,” dedicated to the 90th anniversary of G.A. Ilizarov.

Slide 30. G.A. Ilizarov left behind a good memory and a rich heritage: thousands of students who mastered his methods, more than six hundred scientific papers, about two hundred inventions, more than two hundred methods of treating previously incurable diseases of the musculoskeletal system...

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