How is electricity metered? On the payment of electricity by horticultural non-profit partnerships (SNT), gardening and dacha non-profit associations of citizens

The annual increase in consumed electricity is associated with an increase in the number of electrical appliances on sites and an increase in the cost of the tariff. It can be assumed that over the next few years this amount will only increase, and with it the size of the problem. We all pay for electricity in SNT using meters installed in our areas. SNT, in turn, pays the bills of the sales company using a common meter located at the SNT transformer substation. But the meter readings on the common transformer do not match the amount of electricity paid by the gardeners. This is explained by three factors. The first is that payment for electricity occurs with a delay (some areas are paid once a year), which is not critical, because In the end, the payment still arrives.

Electricity losses in SNT: problems and solutions

Minutes of the decision of the general meeting with points: on the installation of meters, payment for unmetered consumption, disconnections, switch-on fees, etc. 2. Inspection report - acceptance of the metering unit (electricity meter). 3. Inspection report with an order to replace and relocate the meter in accordance with the requirements for ensuring correct accounting 4.

Info

Acts of unaccounted consumption (theft) of electricity, options No. 1,2,3. 5. Instructions-consultation with a lawyer about disconnections and debt collection. 6. Claims for debt No. 1, No. 2. 7. Pre-trial notice.

8. Claim for debt collection These documents will help you easily and quickly organize work on metering charges and debt collection, and as a result, the partnership’s budget will significantly increase. Sincerely, Head of the Internet service “Accounting for SNT-GSK”, programs for SNT, GSK Alexey Gennadievich Ignatiev.

Electricity in St. How to deal with theft and losses online?

Ideally, it is assumed that an agreement will be concluded with THIRD PARTY qualified, responsible electrician inspectors. The total costs of this work for 600 objects can reach up to 120-360 thousand rubles. Modern seal on the electric meter Due to the high costs of this work, inspections can begin to be carried out in stages and bypass large consumers first.

At the same time, the MAIN THING is to organize the work of recording acts, charging them and monitoring payments, for example, in the “Accounting for SNT-GSK” program, it is easy to collect reports on large consumers and control the payment process; also, scanned images of acts and photographs of identified violations are entered into the program, which allows immediately prove to the gardener the fact of theft and in case of non-payment it is easy to prepare claim documents.

Askue in SNT: how to stop paying for electricity for your neighbor

Summary:

appoint responsible persons and prepare title documents
prepare tools and camera
print out the deed forms, take a carbon copy and a pen
bypass the meters
enter completed forms and photographs into the program
make accruals based on indications, unaccounted consumption and penalty acts
for the chairman: collect reports on objects without meters, payment terms, rounds, inspections, etc.

A correctly completed act and photograph are evidence in court. Let's consider the points in more detail: 1. Appoint responsible persons and formalize legal issues: make copies of an extract from the decision of the general meeting, minutes of the board, extract from the Charter. Check the availability of a certificate of admission group, a certificate of authority, or the existence of an agreement to conduct inspections.

Electricity metering in SNT

Attention

The costs of maintenance, current and major repairs, periodic testing of electrical installations and lines, training and certification of personnel, maintenance of workers servicing electrical installations - all this is paid from funds collected from members of gardening associations and is not included in the tariff. What can be done Considering all this, we can advise you the following: - Carry out a check at SNT for the suitability of electrical networks, the correctness of the electrical wiring being entered into the houses to the meters and its compliance with standards. - Try to reduce losses in reasonable ways, for example, by replacing old “bare” wires with new modern insulated ones, if this has not been done before. Electricity consumption for losses in wires should be no more than 5-15%.

You can reduce energy consumption on outdoor lighting (make sure to turn off lamps and lanterns in a timely manner).

Software service company

The act is drawn up in two copies using a carbon copy and one copy is given to the consumer. IMPORTANT point - we obtain the subscriber’s signatures on the act, with a transcript. 5. We bring the completed acts to the board and here I will immediately say that there is a benefit from the initially completed acts, but by manually analyzing over 100 paper acts, it is almost impossible to get a good effect. It is necessary to enter acts into the program and collect reports on the necessary parameters.
In our practice, there were cases when, at the request of the audit commission, over 300 paper acts were written, they were pinned to the cards, and that was the end of the work on the acts! The accountant does not need 30 technical parameters of the meter, and he (she) will not calculate consumption according to acts, he will say: collect and go through the acts yourself.

Electricity in SNT

SNT has special prices, first of all, you can find out prices by phone. The customer receives the final payment in the form of a specification after a pre-project inspection of the facility by our specialists. It is possible to purchase only electricity meters with prompt delivery to any region of the Russian Federation.
SNT can also order and buy a meter from us at special wholesale prices. Proposal - Replacement of external lighting in SNT with LED lamps You can order from us the removal of electricity meters to poles in SNT (power line supports or pipe stands), this event, if the technical part is carried out correctly, can significantly reduce unaccounted for electricity consumption (electricity theft), which is present everywhere in SNT and other dacha associations in which there is no proper control over metering devices within the partnership itself.

Problems with electricity metering and payment in our SNT

As a rule, calculations are made according to the readings of an electrical energy meter, located on the border of balance and operational responsibility between SNT and the electric grid company, mounted in a switchgear at the input of a 0.4 kV power line or in a 10 kV switchgear of a transformer substation. As for the SNT members, they make settlements with the SNT board based on the readings of electrical energy meters, which are located in separate areas. It is advisable to divide the losses of electrical energy, which occur in any case (as mentioned above - from 3% to 6% of the volume of energy consumption) in accordance with the number of plots in the SNT by their owners.
The decision on how exactly to pay for losses in SNT distribution networks is made by the general meeting of SNT members. This is one side of the issue. But there is another way - the process described above is quite possible to automate.

Fair electricity metering has always been and will be a sore subject for any electricity consumer. This problem becomes especially urgent in horticultural non-profit partnerships (SNT) and other associations of private home owners, where serious “battles” often take place over fair payment. It is no secret that in SNT, where the owner becomes the full owner of not only the plot and house, but also his internal networks, it is possible to connect to the wires to the meter, which is what “savvy” gardeners use.

Nonsense, you say! Is it really possible to steal a lot?! And you will be wrong. Because you can really do a lot! For example, when using an electric heater in winter. And not in one, but in several houses. But payment for all unmetered electricity falls in equal shares on all members of the partnership. Those. someone uses many times more, but everyone pays for them!!! The amounts can be really large. If so, you should seriously look into the problem. Let's start, as usual, from afar.

Electricity in SNT. Main problems

In 2008, the reform of the Russian energy industry was completed. One of its consequences was significantly more serious requirements for electricity metering at the balance sheet boundary between the electricity consumer and the power grid organization. Electricity network and generating company, etc. It can be said more simply. Now accounting must be organized where it should have been and where it was not and in many cases is not until now. Or there is electricity metering, but it is not organized properly.

This cannot be done without creating automated electricity metering systems within one “consumer” (object). The dispatcher's automated workstation (AWS) allows you not only to view at any time the current readings of all electricity meters at all current tariffs, but also access the archive of energy consumption of any of the devices. Analyze electricity consumption for a certain period of time, remotely change the tariff schedule of the device, etc.

Speaking more down to earth, many years of experience in the electricity metering market allows us to formulate two main problems facing SNT: theft (theft) of electricity and real losses of electricity in networks.

Electricity in SNT. Network losses

Just a few words about the “second” problem. With correct and high-quality installation of the 0.4 kV distribution network within the SNT itself, and our experience shows this, the volume of losses ranges from 3% to 6% of the total energy consumption.

Often, SNT managers talk about a significant under-accounting of electricity or a significant imbalance between the readings of the electricity meter located at the input of the SNT transformer substation and the total amount of energy consumption according to the readings of the meters used by SNT members. As a rule, the reason is immediately indicated - unauthorized (unmetered) energy consumption by members of the gardening partnership.

At the same time, the condition of 0.4 kV networks is not taken into account at all, losses in which in some cases can amount to up to 100% of the amount of imbalance that “forces” SNT managers to contact our company to perform automation work accounting for electricity consumption and ultimately identifying points of “theft” of electricity. Often, however, the true reasons for the imbalance are found elsewhere. And if we talk about the causes of losses in 0.4 kV distribution networks, the main ones are as follows:

reduced wire cross-section
poor quality connections
"misalignment" of the load in phases
unsatisfactory condition of the circuit along the neutral wire
“irrationality” in the construction of the networks themselves.

Electricity in SNT. Theft, also known as theft, of electricity

Now a little more about the theft of electricity in SNT and methods of “combat” this phenomenon. Of course, one of the main measures to counter “theft” is the installation of an electricity meter before entering the house of each of the SNT members in a place or conditions that exclude the possibility of electricity theft.

In addition, it should be possible to read information remotely from each of the installed devices - after all, in many cases, SNT managers insist that electricity metering devices be mounted at a height of several meters from ground level on a 0.4 kV line support. Let's assume that such work has been completed in SNT. And the “imbalance” between the readings of the input electricity meter (for the entire SNT as a whole) and the total volume of electricity consumption of all members of the SNT remains significant. What's next?

Electricity in SNT: localization of problem areas of the network

Of course, miracles do not happen, and most likely the reason for this is significant losses along the 0.4 kV network. This means that now the task is to identify points of energy loss and, accordingly, minimize losses. How to achieve this?

As a rule, a 0.4 kV distribution network is a fairly branched system, with taps, “branches”, etc. To effectively control energy consumption, it is necessary to determine “control” points, as a rule, these are tap locations on the lines. It is advisable to install additional electricity meters in them, which will account for electricity by consumer groups. Of course, the installation locations for these additional metering devices must be provided for in the project for the creation of an automated electricity metering system for SNT, which takes into account the existing configuration of the 0.4 kV line.

Having the readings of electricity metering devices at the “control” points and the readings of the “input” device, it is already possible to analyze the “pattern” of energy consumption for a specific period of time. And then - with a sufficient degree of probability to localize one or another “problem” section of the 0.4 kV line where losses occur.

A fair question would be why is it necessary to install additional “control” devices for a group or groups of consumers? After all, the total readings for one or another “branch” of a 0.4 kV line can be obtained simply by adding up the readings of all metering devices in this group. The answer is simple - it may very well be that within this particular group there are significant discrepancies between the readings of the control device for the group and the total electricity consumption of individual consumers. Having identified it, we localize the area where there are significant losses of electricity.

Thus, by creating an automated electricity metering system within SNT, the gardening partnership receives for itself a powerful tool that not only provides control over the energy consumption of SNT members, but also allows, with sufficiently high accuracy, to identify places where electricity is lost and, ultimately, to monitor the condition the distribution network itself is 0.4 kV within SNT.

Electricity in SNT - consumption calculation

Now a few words about payments for electrical energy. In the relationship between SNT and the energy sales organization, everything is quite simple. As a rule, calculations are made according to the readings of an electrical energy meter, located on the border of balance and operational responsibility between SNT and the electric grid company, mounted in a switchgear at the input of a 0.4 kV power line or in a 10 kV switchgear of a transformer substation.

As for the SNT members, they make settlements with the SNT board based on the readings of electrical energy meters, which are located in separate areas. It is advisable to divide the losses of electrical energy, which occur in any case (as mentioned above - from 3% to 6% of the volume of energy consumption) in accordance with the number of plots in the SNT by their owners. The decision on how exactly to pay for losses in SNT distribution networks is made by the general meeting of SNT members.

This is one side of the issue. But there is another one - the process described above is quite possible to automate. Connect SNT metering devices into a single network and receive the necessary data online. The most obvious, as they say, on the surface way to do this is to “connect” all electrical energy metering devices in SNT using a “wired” information highway using one or another protocol. However, this decision may come with significant financial costs. The large territorial dispersion of sites within one SNT can make the creation of a system based on wired information highways simply unprofitable.

It is more acceptable to create an information system using PLC technology. Those. transmission of meter readings via 0.4 kV power wires without the use of additional information cables. Readings from all metering devices are collected in the concentrator and stored there until the accumulated information is collected. Data on the consumption of all members of the SNT can be displayed in a form convenient for use, for example, as a table on a computer monitor.

Electricity supply in SNT. Some results

Naturally, it is simply impossible to immediately talk about all the intricacies of organizing the energy supply of such a specific object as a gardening partnership within the confines of one article. However, we tried to place the main accents. It is important to understand that all problems can be solved! There are the necessary legal and technological tools for this.

Their use makes it possible to abandon inspection “raids” and calls to conscience from “unclean” gardeners. If a persistent defaulter appears, you can teach him a lesson - disconnect him from the power grid for a while until payment is received. If one of the SNT members decides to switch to a two- or three-rate tariff and pay for electricity based on the time of day, this is also feasible.

The main thing is the presence of an agreed policy in the field of energy supply developed by the members of the association of owners and a detailed program of actions for its implementation. And for this, of course, it is necessary that the members of the SNT are not just neighbors, but like-minded people. But this, of course, is a topic for a completely different article.

Based on materials from the site http://energovopros.ru

According to paragraph 27 of the Methodological Guidelines for calculating regulated tariffs and prices for electric (heat) energy in the retail (consumer) market, approved by Order of the Federal Tariff Service of Russia dated 06.08.2004 No. 20-e/2 (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines), horticultural, gardening or dacha non-profit associations of citizens - non-profit organizations established by citizens on a voluntary basis to assist its members in solving general social and economic problems of gardening, truck farming and dacha farming, make calculations according to the tariffs established by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of state regulation of tariffs for electrical (thermal) energy for the “population” group.

Considering that citizens - members of gardening partnerships are not rural residents, they pay for electrical energy used for household needs at tariffs established by the regulatory body for the urban population.

However, on the basis of subparagraph 9 of paragraph 2 of Article 35 of the Federal Law of April 15, 1998 No. 66-FZ “On gardening, gardening and dacha non-profit associations of citizens”, the executive authorities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation have the right to establish for gardeners, gardeners, summer residents and their horticultural, gardening and dacha non-profit associations, payment standards for electricity, water, gas, telephone, determined for rural consumers.

Thus, the regulatory authorities of the relevant constituent entity of the Russian Federation independently decide on the establishment of tariffs for them as for the rural population.

At the same time, end consumers, as part of the tariff, pay the costs of production, transmission services to the network organization to the border with the networks of the gardening partnership and the sale of electrical energy, which are calculated in accordance with the above-mentioned Guidelines. The cost of services for the transmission of electrical energy is one of the components of the tariff established by executive authorities in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of state regulation of tariffs for consumers.

Based on Article 210 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the owner bears the burden of financial expenses to maintain his property in proper condition, unless otherwise provided by law or contract. The above-mentioned horticultural associations of citizens must maintain and maintain their electrical networks and transformers, as well as pay for electricity losses in them, etc., at the expense of the members of the horticultural association.

In addition, it should be noted that if the energy supplying organization supplies electrical energy to the gardening partnership through its networks and the metering device for the electrical energy supplied to the gardening partnership is installed before the transformer, then the gardening partnership pays for the amount of electricity according to the readings of the meter, which also takes into account losses in its property. transformer. If the boundary between the balance sheet and the consumer passes through a meter installed after the transformer, then the gardening partnership must pay for the loss of electricity in the transformer in addition to the meter readings. The procedure and terms of payment are determined by the parties in the agreement between the energy supply organization and the consumer.

In accordance with paragraph 46 of the Methodological Instructions, when setting the tariff for electric energy transmission services, consumer networks that are their property rights are not taken into account, provided that the maintenance, operation and development of these networks is carried out at the expense of these consumers. Therefore, mandatory compensation for the costs of transmitting electricity supplied through a section of the network owned by a gardening partnership is not provided for by the energy supply organization.

The costs of maintenance, current and major repairs, periodic testing of electrical installations and lines, training and certification of personnel, maintenance of personnel servicing electrical installations are paid from funds collected from members of horticultural societies and are not included in the tariff.

Heat supply

Are the balcony and loggia included in the heated area? What about the bathroom and toilet?
Are apartment heating services paid for in the summer, when there is actually no heating?
If a residential building has a heat meter, is the heating cost recalculated to the residents of the house? If yes, then how?

Gas supply

At whose expense should apartment household gas meters in apartment buildings be verified?
Who should bear the costs of maintaining internal gas pipelines and gas equipment that are part of the common property of the house if there are gas meters?
Is it legal for a natural gas seller to introduce a temperature coefficient? How is it calculated?

Water supply

Water supply tariffs are high, but the quality of services does not correspond to them. How to achieve recalculation?
In our house, by majority vote, a decision was made to carry out a major overhaul of the hot and cold water supply system. One of the owners made expensive repairs to the apartment, closed the cold and hot water risers in the bathroom, and lined the boxes with ceramic tiles. At the same time, he agrees that the work will be carried out, but with the condition that the management company will compensate or restore the damaged boxes and tiles. How valid is his claim?
The kitchen faucet in the apartment is not working properly. Who should carry out the work to repair or replace it? What in an apartment building should be maintained at the expense of the general tariff, and what directly at the expense of the tenant?

Low collection of electricity payments is usually one of the main problems on arrays. A typical picture for SNT is when payments to the energy sales company amount to 1,600 thousand rubles. per year, and the fee for electricity from members of the array is 600 thousand. rub. in year. Taking into account the energy consumption of pumps and guards, the shortfall is from 400 to 1000 thousand. rub. per year and is evenly distributed among all members of the array and paid from general contributions.

This situation can be easily started to be corrected by organizing a bypass of meters, charging and presentation for consumed electricity.

Let's consider the first steps that the chairman and the electrician need to take to create an electricity metering system on the array and organize meter bypasses.

appoint responsible persons and prepare title documents
prepare tools and camera
print out the deed forms, take a carbon copy and a pen
bypass the meters
enter completed forms and photographs into the program
make accruals based on indications, unaccounted consumption and penalty acts
for the chairman: collect reports on objects without meters, payment terms, rounds, inspections, etc.

A correctly completed act and photograph are evidence in court.

Let's look at the points in more detail:

1. Appoint responsible persons and formalize legal issues: make copies of an extract from the decision of the general meeting, minutes of the board, extracts from the Charter. Check the availability of a certificate of admission group, a certificate of authority, or the existence of an agreement to conduct inspections.

An example of a meter sealed with modern seals

2. Prepare tools: in addition to the standard set: pliers, side cutters, voltage indicator, screwdrivers, electrical tape, dielectric gloves, you need: a flashlight, current clamps (Chinese ones are suitable for simple inspection), seals, ideally we recommend using modern plastic seals with a special wire, “antimagnetic” ” seals indicating the use of a magnet; in extreme cases, lead seals and seals are suitable for simple inspection. It is also mandatory and desirable to have a camera with a flash to record facts of violations or, ideally, a smartphone to directly transfer data to the Domrad-energo program.

3. Take and print out forms - templates for inspection reports; when doing a walk-through, you need to write two carbon copies of the report at once and hand a copy to the owner of the site. You can print ready-made inspection report forms and an example of filling out the report in the Domrad – Energy program after registration.

4. Prepare a list of site inspections, ask an accountant to make a list, or you can make a printout from the program - before this, you can automatically download all the data for the sites in a single list from a Word, Excel file. During the inspection, it is important to know when, by whom the meter was installed, how it was sealed, seal numbers, meter type, number, old readings, consumption, etc.

Going out for an inspection: if an initial inspection is being carried out, you can go to one electrician inspector; if the inspection is carried out on large or obviously conflicting consumers, then it is advisable to invite two witnesses or board members with you.

We go out to the objects: when approaching the house before entering, it is necessary to carry out an external inspection of the electricity input into the house for extraneous connections, insulation integrity, visibility of the input integrity directly to the meter! also check first visually that the phasing is correct (there is an option for theft, when the phase and zero are swapped on a support or input insulators, and grounding is done in the house). Next, we go into the house, look at the metering unit, the input device, check: meter number, seal numbers, readings, and so on, we go through the points indicated in the act form, we also check with previously received information, the facility card, old readings, consumption, etc.

Example of a meter mounted on a support

We carry out an external inspection of the metering group, it is important to assess the possibility of connecting to the meter, then we look at the details: starting from uniform dust content, integrity of the case, lid, state verification seals and seals on the lid, etc., there are many nuances here, detailed inspection instructions are available in the paid version of the program Domrad – energy.

We check - we are looking for an unmetered connection throughout the house: we turn off the input circuit breaker, we walk throughout the house with a voltage indicator and look for the presence of voltage on the sockets. A detailed technology for detecting thefts is available in the paid version of using the program on the website: when violations are detected, we photograph the result in order to then attach the photos to the object in the program.

If there are sockets and wiring connected to the meter, we photograph the violation and draw up an act of unmetered consumption, after which we disconnect and dismantle the wires.

We close the meter cover, seal it correctly, including the introductory machine (a detailed analysis of the seals and correct sealing are discussed in the paid version of the Domrad-energo service). We photograph the general appearance of the object, input, panel, meter, seals, meter passport, identified violations.

Please note in the act form, in the technical parameters there are two important fields:

1. relative level of consumption: 0-5, (0-disconnected, 1-barn, 5-cottage, etc.)
2. level of accounting organization: 0-5, (0-no meter, 5-meter on a support, etc.)

By filling out these parameters when writing the act and entering them into the program, you can subsequently always determine the primary objects for subsequent checks in the first place: where there is high consumption and poorly organized accounting (5/0, 5/1, 5/2). In addition, you become independent from the staff and, in the event of an electrician’s dismissal, you can easily view all the data and collect a list of major consumers. Using these two parameters, you can easily generate lists of: disconnected objects and areas where there are no electricity meters!

We draw up and fill out an act according to a ready-made template, the results of the inspection and write the resulting part: either it is an act of inspection and acceptance of the meter with an order to eliminate minor violations, usually within a month, or it is a separate act of unaccounted consumption.

The act is drawn up in two copies using a carbon copy and one copy is given to the consumer. IMPORTANT point - we obtain the subscriber’s signatures on the act, with a transcript.

5. We bring the completed acts to the board and here I will immediately say that there is a benefit from the initially completed acts, but by manually analyzing over 100 paper acts, it is almost impossible to get a good effect. It is necessary to enter acts into the program and collect reports on the necessary parameters.

In our practice, there were cases when, at the request of the audit commission, over 300 paper acts were written, they were pinned to the cards, and that was the end of the work on the acts! The accountant does not need 30 technical parameters of the meter, and he (she) will not calculate consumption according to acts, he will say: collect and go through the acts yourself.

We enter the acts into the Domrad-energo program: go to the site card, select the event: acceptance of the meter, replacement order and attach a file - a photograph. The program stores all data and allows you to see the history of the object and analyze consumption.

The program is also easy to collect a report for the chairman on the number of entered acts, to monitor the work of the electrician.

An example of an assembled shield

If the electrician-controller has identified unmetered consumption, then we fill out the second act, the form for the act of unmetered consumption and a sample of filling are available in the paid version of the Domrad - Energy service, but, unfortunately, an analysis of this case is not within the scope of this article.

It is important not only to identify unaccounted consumption (theft), but also, if possible, to prevent theft in the future.

In our practice, there was a case when the chairman, in connection with the transfer of affairs to another chairman, hired third-party inspectors to inspect the meters and this led to an increase in payments for electricity by 150 thousand rubles. despite the fact that the controllers drew up acts without searching and recording thefts!

I’ll add that it’s convenient to start checking the meters in winter, when there are few areas with permanent residents, and consumption is high, due to the heaters being on.

As a result, this article turned out to be a whole instruction for the chairman and the electrician. THE MAIN THING is to start putting basic order in place and this will reduce losses and significantly increase the collection of payments for consumed electricity on the array. Training your electrician to do walk-throughs and enter data into the Domrad program is the most energy-efficient way, because does not require the involvement of expensive specialists, and the effect can be obtained in the shortest possible time. In addition, you create a working system in which the accrual, acceptance of contributions and income reporting are automated.

Collection of payments for electricity in SNT and GSK is, as a rule, one of the sore topics for the chairman and accountant. The share of payments for electricity in the total cost estimate is steadily growing year after year and losses are increasing. There are many reasons: increased tariffs, increased consumption, under-metering, theft of electricity, etc. Let’s take a closer look at the structure of losses and options for solving the problem.

For a typical SNT (700 plots of 6 acres, two package transformer stations, two wells, a board, a caretaker’s house), the structure of payments and electricity consumption is as follows: (average values are given)

— payment to the energy sales organization for common meters installed at the package transformer substation – 800 thousand rubles. in year

— technical losses in lines and transformers, determined by their design, are approximately 6%

— expenses for pump operation, guards’ accommodation and entrance lighting, approximately 100 thousand rubles. per year (12.5%)

— PAYMENT RECEIVED from members of the array and other consumers – 400 thousand rubles. per year (at best!)

TOTAL LOSSES from non-collection of payments, under-accounting and theft of electricity exceed 30% and in monetary terms amount to OVER 250 thousand rubles ANNUALLY!!! The calculation is approximate, but in general the picture is exactly the same, and sometimes even much worse!

This shortfall is distributed evenly among ALL members of the array and is paid from general contributions! Those who suffer the most in this situation are pensioners and citizens who have small consumption (a shed on the site, or do not live) - they are forced to pay for theft in large houses and the unsatisfactory organization of work by the management.

There are cases when, at a general meeting, gardeners with low consumption, after reading the report of the audit commission, directly pose questions to the chairman:

- WHY should I pay 500 rubles - in general contributions, for those who steal?

- What have you done - Dear Chairman, to reduce losses, what specific measures have been taken?

— How much was collected for connections without a meter, how many acts were drawn up over the last TWO years?

Unfortunately, when the chairman and accountant are not interested in organizing transparent accounting, then there are no answers to these questions. As a result, issues are not resolved for years and losses amount to hundreds of thousands of rubles.

To solve this problem, we will consider the steps to organize high-quality accounting - we will draw a version of the “ideal” picture. And the chairman and the board will decide locally which of the above to implement in practice :)
To reduce energy losses you need to:

1. Conduct a walk-through and enter the counters into the computer database! (not in the electrician’s notebook or card). You should also enter technical parameters: meter number, type, value, current transformer parameters, verification dates, seal numbers, inspection dates, photos of objects, meters, etc. (program for SNT “Accounting-SNT-GSK”, website: http://snt-gsk.rf/ see below).

2. Record the state of accounting, unmetered consumption and facts of theft of electricity with acts and photographs - the latter is especially important!

4. Collect reports: who stole and did not pay the acts, who does not install meters and does not eliminate accounting violations, who has low consumption and a large house, who has not had an audit for more than 1-2-3 years, who has expired accounting verification deadlines etc. and so on. IMPORTANT POINT: Reports must be collected regularly, and NOT ONCE once a year - by manually sorting through cards.

5. Control the consumption of large loads (shops, construction, purchase accounting, etc.) calculate - record consumption volumes and issue invoices (and, for example, issue an advance - for those who live in winter).

6. Carry out disconnections for debtors, non-payers, and persons convicted of stealing electricity, in compliance with the norms of current legislation.

7. To carry out claims work on debts, accruals (distribution of claims, pre-trial notices, filed claims, reflecting the history in the program) to work with debtors, you can use your ready-made printed forms of documents and easily organize all the collection work yourself, use the services of a lawyer only for consultations and if necessary.

It is practically impossible to do all this work manually for more than 100 object counters! And with the help of a special program, it is EASY to do! For example, a program for SNT, GSK Internet service: “Accounting for SNT-GSK”, website: http://snt-gsk.rf/ created for accounting of objects, counters, owners, charges and payments. Here you will make accruals by area and counters, create an income estimate and a cash book, collect reports for the audit commission, you will also have access to: events on objects with photographs, accounting for work with debtors and many other additional functions:

The next important point: how to carry out work and organize a tour of objects with drawing up inspection and theft reports? To ensure quality and impartiality, this must be done not by your own low-skilled electrician, and by NOT local personnel to eliminate cases of “forgiveness to your own.” ALSO, the inspector should be INTERESTED in finding theft, for example, receive 200 rubles for an inspection report, and 500 rubles for an act with detected theft. or 5-15% of the amount received. Ideally, it is assumed that an agreement will be concluded with THIRD PARTY qualified, responsible electrician inspectors. The total costs of this work for 600 objects can reach up to 120-360 thousand rubles.

Modern seal on the electric meter

Due to the high costs of this work, inspections can begin to be carried out in stages and bypass large consumers first. At the same time, the MAIN THING is to organize the work of recording acts, charging them and monitoring payments, for example, in the “Accounting for SNT-GSK” program, it is easy to collect reports on large consumers and control the payment process; also, scanned images of acts and photographs of identified violations are entered into the program, which allows immediately prove to the gardener the fact of theft and in case of non-payment it is easy to prepare claim documents. Carrying out inspections without recording them in the program often leads to cases where the written acts “stay” in the folder and work on them drags on indefinitely.

To justify the accruals, carry out work to inspect and disconnect non-payers, it is necessary to provide and approve in the minutes of the general meeting the following points: on the mandatory installation of metering devices, on charging for connection without an electric meter, an advance payment - for example for those living in the winter, etc. . We provide ready-made samples of protocols and acts with clauses granting the right to the chairman to carry out inspections and shutdowns that help reduce losses in the premium version of the program.

If work on the array to check records is carried out clearly and systematically, then immediately “word of mouth” begins to work between gardeners and losses begin to decrease significantly.

Sometimes, seeing such a volume of work, an accountant assumes that most of the work will fall on him, and he will have to deal with ALL these issues. This opinion is erroneous - it is the program that can significantly facilitate the work of an accountant and reduce the time for accrual, calculation, acceptance of payments, and compilation of reports. The program provides flexible settings for access rights, for example, entering technical information can be entrusted to an electrician, claims to a lawyer, without the ability to change the accrual and payment. As a result, the accountant’s work will be made easier - you can read more about this in the article: How to organize accounting in SNT, GSK, Online: http://snt-gsk.rf/

The use of the Internet service program “Accounting-SNT-GSK” DOES NOT AFFECT the capabilities of the chairman, accountant to control expenses, payments for services provided and tax optimization, i.e. does not require a revision of existing activities for work carried out in the partnership, but only help to significantly save time and increase revenue.

The main point of using these services is connecting to the Internet! Currently, this is not a problem - the Internet is connected via a modem (or phone) of a cellular operator (MTS, Megafon, Beeline, TELE2, Rostelecom, etc.). To connect, you need to find out which of the cellular operators works well on your array, and then buy a modem at any operator’s store - a device slightly larger than a flash drive, and you will always have Internet. Alternatively, the Internet can be connected to a computer and via a cell phone. Connecting to the Internet allows the chairman and accountant to receive additional useful information :).

Simplicity and ease of learning is the main feature of our program - this is clearly visible in the demonstration and training videos. As a result, the chairman and accountant automate routine activities, are able to quickly collect reports and can manage the array much more efficiently. (By the way, in the premium version of the program for SNT, we have provided ready-to-use samples of technical acts, minutes of the general meeting, orders, notifications, claims for collection, etc. website: http://snt-gsk.rf/)

We have also encountered cases where the chairman is offered the services of local programmers who will now do EVERYTHING QUICKLY :), unfortunately, practice shows that it takes more than one year to formulate such a large task, and it is not possible to quickly create a fully functional program, and the result is As a rule, money is wasted.

By creating the program - the Internet service “Accounting for SNT-GSK”, we actually concentrated the useful practical experience of many arrays in one place and provided it to all our clients. In our development, we relied on the experience of energy sales companies and thoroughly studied the legal and accounting aspects of the current legislation.

Practice shows that when carrying out work to organize electricity metering, losses are significantly reduced and the partnership’s budget increases by tens and hundreds of thousands of rubles!

1. Minutes of the decision of the general meeting with points: on the installation of meters, payment for unmetered consumption, disconnections, switch-on fees, etc.

2. Inspection report - acceptance of the metering unit (electricity meter).

3. Inspection report with an order to replace and move the meter in accordance with the requirements for ensuring correct accounting

4. Acts of unaccounted consumption (theft) of electricity, options No. 1,2,3.

5. Instructions-consultation with a lawyer about disconnections and debt collection.

6. Claims for debt No. 1, No. 2.

7. Pre-trial notice.

8. Claim for debt collection

These documents will help you easily and quickly organize work on metering charges and debt collection, and as a result, the partnership’s budget will significantly increase.

Sincerely,

Head of the Internet service “Accounting SNT-GSK”,

programs for SNT, GSK

Ignatiev Alexey Gennadievich.