What does brown look like? Video: Causes of brown discharge after sex

Discharge from the female genital organs is a fairly physiological phenomenon if it is colorless, odorless and free of impurities. Brown discharge, which can appear at various periods - before and after menstrual periods, during pregnancy, after sexual intercourse, etc., can serve as an unpleasant signal. But a brownish tint to discharge in women can also be normal. What are the reasons for such phenomena and what should you pay attention to?

The discharge can be of different shades: from light brown to dark and rich. This can indirectly reveal the cause of their occurrence.

Light brown discharge is the result of bacterial vaginosis, an infectious process that is sexually transmitted, and microtrauma of the uterine cervix.

Dark brown discharge usually indicates the presence of clotted blood in the discharge. Blood can be of vaginal, cervical or uterine origin.

In what situations can they appear?

Brown discharge in the form of spotting marks can appear in a teenager before puberty, at the onset of menopause, during reproductive age and during menopause. They all have different causes.

Photos of brown discharge of varying consistency and character are presented below:

Causes of brown discharge

The brown tint of the discharge always indicates the presence of coagulated blood in it. The intensity of the color depends on its volume and consistency of mucus. Liquid leucorrhoea, as a rule, can be light brown, almost pink. Thick discharge that contains stagnant blood or clots may be dark brown.

The causes of bleeding can be:

  • Physiological processes that are associated with disruption of blood vessels (these include menstrual periods, ovulation, the introduction of a fertilized egg into the endometrium, cleansing the uterus after childbirth);
  • Hormonal disruptions in the body that lead to pathologies of the menstrual cycle;
  • Violation of the epithelial membranes of the genital organs during abortion, gynecological procedures, sexual contact;
  • Age-related changes in the structure of the vaginal mucous layer;
  • Violation of the surface layer of the cervix and vagina due to inflammation;
  • Processes in the uterus and ovaries, which lead to improper development of their tissues and blood vessels;
  • Traumatic lesions of the genital organs;
  • Inflammatory process of the bladder.

Normal discharge

Normally, brown discharge is not profuse, does not have an unpleasant aroma and is uniform in structure. Such discharge may appear when using hormonal contraception, with minor damage to the capillaries of the vagina during douching, examination by a doctor, in some cases even after violent sexual contact, as well as at the beginning and end of menstrual days, during ovulation, and consolidation of the fertilized egg in the uterus.

Brownish leucorrhoea can also occur after nervous stress or physical fatigue.

Pathological discharge

They may be abundant or spotting, depending on the type of pathological disorder. It has an unpleasant aroma, includes dark-colored blood clots or particles of dead tissue, and can include pus, foam, and lumps. May often alternate with bright bleeding.

A clear symptom of the disorder is the occurrence of spotting on any day of the menstrual cycle, if it is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, lower back, and other menstrual pathologies also appear, infertility is diagnosed.

The disorder is indicated by the occurrence of bloody leucorrhoea during menopause. A symptom of significant diseases may be the regular occurrence of bleeding after sexual intercourse. Brown discharge, which is accompanied by itching and burning in the genitals, frequent urination, and an increase in body temperature, is considered pathological.

Diseases and disorders when bloody leucorrhoea occurs

  • Ectopic pregnancy.

This is a dangerous condition when the fertilized egg is attached not in the uterine cavity, but outside it (often in the fallopian tube, rarely in the uterine cervix). The reasons for this may be inflammatory processes in the appendages, the formation of adhesions and tumors in the uterine cavity. Violation of the tissue in the area of ​​attachment of the fertilized egg leads to the appearance of spotting dark brown discharge. They are associated with rupture of the membrane of the embryo, its rejection, and “tubal abortion.” One of the riskiest options is considered to be a rupture of the fallopian tube at 6-8 weeks.

  • Erosion, uterine dysplasia.

The diseases are associated with changes in the structure of the epithelium of the pharynx of the uterine cervix, which extends into the vagina, ulceration of the surface and disruption of small vessels.

  • Colpitis, cervicitis.

Inflammatory process of the vagina and cervix. Thinning and atrophy of the mucous membranes occurs, and bleeding cracks form on them. Microflora pathologies lead to the development of fungi (candidiasis), and the penetration of pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases into the genitals improves. Brown discharge has an unpleasant odor and an unusual consistency.

  • Endometritis.

Inflammation in the uterus is the reason why purulent brownish discharge occurs instead of the usual critical days. Pain appears in the lower abdomen, and an increase in body temperature is likely. Chronic course causes late infertility.

  • Endometrial hyperplasia, endometriosis.

Pathogenic growth of the endometrium leads to various disorders of the menstrual cycle, the appearance of spotting brown discharge after menstruation, as well as in the intervals between cycles.

  • Polyps.

Their formation is one of the signs of endometrial hyperplasia. Polyps are rounded growths in the basal layer. They are often found in women during menopause.

  • Cysts on the ovaries.

Signs depend on the type and origin of such neoplasms. Spotting brown discharge with ichor may occur before and after menstrual days. This increases the duration and total amount of blood loss. Blood clots may occur.

  • Tumors of the uterus.

Signs depend on their location and volume. Discharge mixed with blood occurs when the tumors have become quite large, which complicates the diagnosis of such diseases.

Brown discharge after menstruation

A signal from a woman’s body about an emerging disorder is considered to be discharge that occurs a few days after the menstrual period. In this case, the woman must consult a doctor to determine the causes of the discharge and, if necessary, select the necessary therapy for the woman.


What does this mean? Such discharge may appear due to the following reasons:

  • Prolonged endometritis;
  • Endometriosis;
  • Significant mucosal injuries;
  • Uterine hyperplasia;
  • Sexually transmitted diseases and other infections;
  • Polyps;
  • Ectopic pregnancy.

As a rule, in addition to brown discharge, which is dangerous for women’s health, a woman may experience other unhealthy symptoms. This can be a pulling and sharp pain in the lower abdomen, in the lower back. In addition, there is a loss of strength, mood, reluctance to have sexual contact, etc.

The most reasonable decision that can be taken in such a situation is to immediately contact a specialist. Perhaps everything will not be so dangerous, but just a normal option, but another outcome is also likely. And in this case, consulting a doctor on time can not only relieve you from significant health problems, but also protect your life.

Light brown discharge : if they last more than 3 days and have an unpleasant aroma, then this is often considered a symptom of chronic endometritis - an infectious and inflammatory disease of the uterus, which in most situations occurs due to difficult childbirth or abortion.

Copious dark brown discharge : Discharge of this color can become a symptom of uterine hyperplasia or endometriosis. Often, such discharge occurs with submucosal (located directly under the mucous membrane) endometrioid nodes in the uterine wall. In addition to bleeding, the main symptom of endometriosis is severe pain in the lower abdomen.

Brown spotting can be observed after the end of menstruation if a woman has reduced blood clotting, weak uterine tone, or if the woman was overly active in the last days of menstruation. If such discharge occurs within 1-2 days, it does not pose any danger. If they last more than 2 days and also have unpleasant pain in the lower abdomen, then the cause may be diseases of the genital area.

In some cases, such brownish discharge may appear after an examination by a gynecologist or after sexual intercourse, if there is erosion of the uterine cervix and the mucous membrane is injured. This condition should also be treated by a specialist.

Brown discharge mid-cycle

If brown spotting occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle, then you first need to pay attention to its quantity and nature. The color of the discharge matters:

  1. Dark discharge often occurs when a woman just starts using oral contraceptives (there is a sharp change in hormonal levels).
  2. Light brown discharge can occur not only when taking hormonal contraceptives, but also as a result of abnormalities in the woman’s genital organs. In such a situation, traces of oxidized blood from damaged small vessels give the discharge a tint.
  3. Red-brown discharge occurs due to the formation of microcracks on the vaginal walls due to insufficient formation of protective mucus during sexual intercourse. A similar situation appears, for example, during the first sexual acts, when deflowering. Often a woman encounters this symptom at the very beginning of menopause.

Normal brown discharge mid-cycle

It is considered normal when a woman experiences lightly colored spotting of a brownish-brown hue right before or immediately after menstruation. In the middle of the cycle, brown discharge is natural if it is insignificant and does not have any unpleasant odor. The cause can be physiological processes in the body.

  • Ovulation.

When the follicle ruptures and a mature egg is released, an insignificant amount of blood may be released, which, after oxidation from the air, receives a brownish tint. This is usually done on the 14th day from the start of menstruation.

  • Attachment of the fertilized egg to the uterine wall.

During the period of implantation of the embryo into the endometrium, minor damage to the endometrial vessels may occur. Drops of clotted blood may stain the mucus that is released. During this period, the woman is able to feel mild pain in the lower abdomen.

  • Short term miscarriage.

If for certain reasons the embryo detaches from the endometrium, then slight bleeding occurs. It takes on a reddish-brown hue, lasts 1-2 days, and then acquires the usual color of menstruation. Moreover, the woman often does not even know that she was pregnant and had a miscarriage.

  • Puberty.

The first menstrual cycles in teenage girls usually occur with deviations; the cycle will be established after approximately 1.5-2 years. Until hormonal processes are fully regulated, adolescents may experience brown spotting between menstruation.

  • During menopause.

Menstruation during menopause can also become irregular, as ovarian function weakens. Between and after menstrual cycles, scanty reddish-brown discharge often occurs.

Please pay attention ! It is important not to miss a significant disease (inflammation, tumor formation) in the presence of such a sign.

Pathological discharge in the middle of the cycle

Pathological discharges include those that, in addition to a brown tint, also have other unusual symptoms. In this case, breakthrough intermenstrual uterine discharge is considered one of the signs of diseases of the uterus or appendages.

You need to contact a specialist in the following cases:

  1. Brown discharge with an unpleasant aroma occurs between menstrual cycles, and the woman does not use hormonal contraception.
  2. Pain occurs in the lower abdomen and lower back. You feel dryness in the vagina, irritation, burning, and an increase in body temperature. Sexual intercourse brings pain.
  3. The discharge is of an unusual nature (lasts several days, includes clots of dried blood, appears regularly between periods, is profuse).

Experts advise that if you have any doubts about the reasons for brown discharge that occurs between critical days, immediately carry out a gynecological examination, even if there are no specific symptoms of ailments.

Brown discharge before menstruation

The organs that are part of the reproductive system are considered among the most vulnerable in the female body. Their functioning can be affected by various conditions that are not related to diseases. Doctors identify some causes of brown discharge before menstruation, which are determined by physiological processes:

  • The end of the formation of the organs of the reproductive system

If a girl’s period began not so long ago, and the cycle has not yet stabilized, then experts do not consider brown premenstrual discharge as a pathology. Discharge is normal for six months to two years from the first menstruation and there is no need to worry about it. It is worth thinking about the presence of disorders in a woman’s body if such discharge is constant and continues for 7-8 months. In this case, you need to immediately consult a doctor to identify an accurate diagnostic conclusion.

  • Introduction of hormonal contraception

Such drugs have an effect on the hormonal levels of the whole body. The presence of characteristic brown mucus a few days before menstruation is a symptom of the presence of the desired effect of contraception on the body. You need to worry if such discharge has been going on for more than 3 months. Such a symptom may indicate the need to select another method of contraception.

  • Use of an intrauterine device

The principle of influence of this method affects not only the likelihood of pregnancy, but also the shade of the discharge. After installing the IUD, experts assume the possibility of light brown discharge before menstruation during several cycles.

  • Eating disorder

Sudden changes in body weight, diseases (bulimia, anorexia), regular strength training sessions that exceed the body's load can cause fluctuations in the menstrual cycle and the occurrence of spotting. This phenomenon can be eliminated with the help of treatment. To do this, you should contact a nutritionist.

  • Premenopause

This period characterizes the beginning of the restructuring of the reproductive system. The entire hormonal background is subject to change. Changes in estrogen levels can cause dark brown or black discharge before your period is due. To eliminate such phenomena, a specialist may prescribe the woman to take hormonal medications.

  • After sex

Insufficient lubrication or excessively active sexual intercourse can lead to injury to the surface of the vagina, uterine cavity and labia. This phenomenon can cause discharge of brown clots. They can go away a couple of days after sexual contact and do not require special treatment. In addition, after sex, such a symptom may occur due to the presence of erosion of the uterine cervix.

The main actions that are aimed at identifying the cause of discharge before menstruation include:

  • Examination by a gynecologist;
  • Taking a vaginal smear;
  • Ultrasonography;
  • Complete blood count and hormone analysis;
  • Histology;
  • Colposcopy;
  • Biopsy;
  • Study of heredity.

This range of procedures is required to better study the root cause of this phenomenon and select an effective course of therapy.

Brown discharge during pregnancy

Brown discharge during pregnancy - spotting and bloody - is a violation. Normally, discharge can occur when the embryo attaches to the uterine wall, when the integrity of the endometrium is disrupted in the early stages of 1-2 weeks of pregnancy. In addition, spotting may occur during pregnancy in the first trimester on days when menstruation was expected. For any brown discharge, you need to contact a specialist or call an ambulance.

Causes of brown discharge during pregnancy:

  • Insufficient levels of the hormone progesterone, which causes endometrial rejection and poses a risk of miscarriage;
  • Ectopic pregnancy;
  • Placental abruption, previa.

Any brown discharge during pregnancy in later stages carries the risk of miscarriage or premature birth.

About normal discharge

Normal brown discharge may not be abundant and does not have an unpleasant aroma; it is uniform in structure. Such discharge occurs when using hormonal contraception, with a slight violation of the integrity of the capillaries during douching, examination on the gynecological chair, in some situations after too active sexual intercourse, as well as at the beginning and end of critical days, during ovulation, and the attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall.

Brown vaginal discharge can also occur due to nervous stress and physical fatigue.

Treatment

If any brown discharge occurs, you should contact a specialist. First of all, it is necessary to exclude pregnancy and the threat of miscarriage.

If there is no pregnancy, then detection and treatment of the cause that caused the appearance of brown discharge is required.

The earth, the bark and branches of trees, bread, coffee, chocolate - everything is brown. Complex, consisting of several tones, this is the color of the material world, physical pleasures. Brown is very common in nature. It is directly related to animal survival instincts: nourishing food, cozy shelter, procreation.

People who strive for peace, comfort, and who value family values ​​often use brown in their home interiors and clothing. This color speaks about the person who prefers it, that he stands firmly on his feet, values ​​traditions and foundations, and honors his roots. Such people love a simple and comfortable life. They are strong, solid and often slow.

In our age, the color brown has a rather positive meaning for a person. He talks about coziness and physical comfort. But it was not always so.

In the Ancient and Middle Ages, only negative properties were attributed to it. It was the color of oppression, decay, old age and poverty. In Ancient Rome, only slaves wore brown clothes, but the upper classes were forbidden to wear it at all.

In Europe of the Middle Ages, this color was considered the ugliest. In the culture of Islam, it was perceived as the color of decay. Artists of the Art Nouveau style, which arose at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, used brown to express moods of sadness, despondency, withering, and melancholy.

This color acquired an even more negative connotation after the appearance in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century of the so-called “brown shirts” - representatives of the National Socialist Party advocating the purity of blood (fascism). It was after this that the color brown began to be applied to any manifestation of totalitarianism.

From the point of view of psychological influence, brown color calms during times of anxiety and supports in case of ailments. It becomes of great importance for a person experiencing physical discomfort.

People who love the range of brown shades can hardly be called spontaneous and carefree. But they are thorough and practical. They value friendship and fight for justice.

If brown is not accepted, then such a person is secretive. He does not consider it necessary to indulge the base needs of the body, and considers the desire for physical comfort to be weakness. Such people reject security and are often willing to take risks.


In clothing, brown color has its own special attractiveness and charm. He has a large palette of shades, both cold and warm. Therefore, it is suitable for any appearance. It is important to choose your appropriate tone. It looks especially good on girls of Spring and Autumn color types. Brown complements dark hair tones and olive skin well.

Its light shades visually increase volume, while its dark shades reduce it. You can always choose the best option for your needs. This color is good for casual wear. For festive outfits, you should choose more emotional and bright shades. Brown is suitable for office suits and formal blouses. In them you will look respectable and confident.

Brown is a practical color. It is considered one of the best base colors. At the same time, brown looks richer than plain black or white. Outerwear and shoes look good in this color. In addition, combinations with brown create beautiful, rich and emotional sets. They turn out richer, warmer, less formal.

Brown color looks great in products with a textured surface: wool, fur, suede.

Hi all! Today we will deal with the question of what the color brown means. It is the result of a mixture of yellow and red, which is why it carries their main features. Not so bright, active and attention-grabbing, he still retained vitality and pressure.

Personality characteristics

  • Reliability. Such a person is reliable, stable and loyal. Why is he a good friend, colleague, partner, etc. He will remain faithful, despite any temptations and offers;
  • Health. He does not like to fantasize and indulge in daydreams, preferring to notice reality as it is. This helps him to be more resilient and ready for different situations;
  • Disappointment. It is precisely because such a person does not wear “rose-colored glasses” that he is disappointed in people and life in general;
  • Depression. It may be a sign of onset depression, especially if you previously had a cold attitude towards this shade, and at some point it unexpectedly became a favorite. You can take this depression test.
  • Honesty. Such people are open and strive to form relationships in which it is calm and good, which is why they do not like to lie and manipulate, believing that this leads to conflicts and misunderstandings. By the way, you can.

Unacceptable for those who ignore their own needs for rest. And both physical and psychological. That is, from stress, conflicts, communication. Also individuals who decide to go in search of their individuality. During this period, they choose brighter colors, exploring them and “trying them on” for themselves.

Health

It calms and helps you relax. Therefore, those for whom it is important to take care of their nervous system and restore it are recommended to be more often among brown-colored things and interior items. It is especially useful if the room is made of wooden materials. Then, in addition to color, the smell will also contribute to relaxation and oblivion.

The material was prepared by psychologist, Gestalt therapist, Alina Zhuravina.

Vaginal discharge is normal for any woman, usually it is not profuse, whitish in color and does not have a strong, pronounced odor; these characteristics may vary slightly depending on the day of the menstrual cycle, food, immune status and under the influence of various medications. Brown discharge in women can be really scary at times, what can they talk about when it is the norm?

Normally, female discharge contains transudate, the secretion of glands located on the mucous membranes of the reproductive system, and particles of the epithelium that lines the vagina. The whitish color and sour, but not unpleasant, odor are due to the activity of the vaginal microflora, namely lactic acid bacteria. Due to disturbances in the microflora and various diseases, the color and smell of the discharge may change; changes can be used to roughly judge the infection or disease.

Mucous brown discharge can be a sign of a serious illness, but depending on the phase of the cycle and the use of various medications, especially hormonal ones, they can be considered normal. This nature of the secretion should definitely alert you against the background of the following signs:

  • the appearance of brown discharge or secretion mixed with blood between menstruation, while the woman is not taking hormonal medications;
  • there is pain in the lower abdomen or in the lumbar region, in the area of ​​the external genitalia and vagina there is dryness and burning, pain that intensifies during urination and sexual intercourse, there are rashes on the mucous membrane;
  • discharge occurs during menopause, while the last menstruation was quite a long time ago, a year or more has passed since it, their occurrence during menopause may indicate the development of a serious pathology;
  • bloody and brownish discharge occurs after sexual intercourse.

In general, the brownish color of the discharge usually indicates the presence of blood in it, therefore, at certain phases of the menstrual cycle, its appearance can be called normal. However, if there are other symptoms of various gynecological diseases, you should consult a doctor.

Important! If the appearance of brownish discharge occurs with an increase in general body temperature, you should urgently consult a doctor, this may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process.

Why does a woman have brown discharge?

There are many reasons for brown discharge; first of all, it is worth considering in which case the presence of brown discharge is considered normal:

  1. The appearance of such impurities in the secret before the onset of menstruation - a day or several hours. In this case, this is a natural state with the gradual onset of menstruation.
  2. The appearance of such a secretion immediately after menstruation is a gradual end of menstruation.
  3. Dark brown discharge between periods while taking hormonal medications. In this case, they are a side effect of taking medications, but it is advisable to consult a doctor; it may be better to choose another remedy.
  4. Red-brown secretion after active sex. In this case, they arise due to minor microtraumas of the mucous membrane; this phenomenon is also common after the first contact in life or over a long period of time. Next time you just need to be more careful; microtraumas are not dangerous, but their occurrence is undesirable in any case.

Brown discharge instead of periods may also be normal for women taking hormonal contraceptives. Due to some medications, some women experience a complete loss of menstruation and spotting may be present instead.

In some cases, it is extremely important to understand whether brownish discharge appears along with urine when urinating. Brown discharge and frequent urination indicate the occurrence of urethritis or cystitis - inflammatory diseases of the urethra and bladder. In this case, when urinating, a burning sensation occurs, and there is pain in the lower abdomen or lumbar region.

With these diseases, the temperature may rise, usually symptoms develop with a cold or against the background of hypothermia. If such symptoms occur, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible. Brown discharge with cystitis usually comes from the urethra along with urine, so you can notice it after urinating on toilet paper or underwear.

Brown discharge mid-cycle

A brownish secretion between menstruation is a rather alarming symptom if a woman is not taking any hormonal medications. The most common causes of this symptomatology are the following conditions:

  1. Uterine bleeding. It is usually caused by extremely serious diseases: endometritis, cervical erosion, various neoplasms, including malignant ones. You should be especially wary if discharge occurs every time after sexual intercourse, even quite mild ones.
  2. Intermenstrual bleeding. These bleedings are usually caused by less serious factors, most often various injuries to the genital organs, stress, metabolic disorders, and exposure to certain medications.

Important! If brown and bloody inclusions occur in the secretion, it is necessary to do an ultrasound of the pelvic organs and a smear.

Yellowish-brown discharge with an unpleasant odor may indicate an infection, usually sexually transmitted. In this case, there is usually itching and burning in the genital area, pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse.

During pregnancy, the appearance of a brownish secretion is an extremely alarming symptom, as it may indicate a possible miscarriage. If blood occurs during pregnancy, especially in later stages of pregnancy, you should immediately consult your doctor. If you do not intervene in time, the pregnancy may be terminated.

In older women, bloody and brownish secretions are an extremely alarming sign, especially if enough time has passed since the onset of menopause. This may indicate the development of oncology, so you should immediately contact a gynecologist.

Treatment of diseases that cause such symptoms depends on accurately identifying the cause. Various remedies can be used, from topical ointments and suppositories to surgical intervention. If brown discharge occurs due to hormonal medications, it is recommended to try changing the product.

In general, you should not delay if this symptom occurs. Self-medication is extremely undesirable; it can lead to a worsening of the condition, regardless of the disease.

Brown vaginal discharge may not be a dangerous symptom of any disease. If such discharge characterizes the end of your period, then most likely this is the norm for you. The thing is that the color and consistency of menstrual flow is a purely individual matter. For example, brown discharge indicates that menstrual fluid comes out slowly and has time to come into contact with air, which naturally leads to its pigmentation.


But what to do if brown vaginal discharge appears a few days after the end of menstruation? Could this be a sign of a disease? Let's look at the cases in which brown discharge after menstruation poses a health hazard.

Chronic endometritis

The cause of brown vaginal discharge is often a disease such as endometritis. Its chronic form is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the uterine cavity. The disease can be caused by intrauterine interventions during the prenatal period or the process of inflammation after an abortion. Brown discharge with endometritis can occur either at the beginning, at the end or in the middle of the menstrual cycle. Moreover, in the latter case, the discharge is accompanied by aching pain in the lower abdomen.

Endometriosis

Nodular, small cystic formations or growths in the cervical area cause virtually no pain and are difficult to diagnose in a timely manner. An alarming symptom of the disease is brown vaginal discharge. They usually appear a few days after menstruation. They have an unpleasant odor and sometimes contain small blood clots.

A collective name for various pathological processes in the uterus. The inner mucous membrane of the uterine body is susceptible to a huge number of diseases, from delayed embryonic development during pregnancy to fibroids and. In any case, if you suddenly have brown discharge outside the menstrual period, this is a good reason to consult a specialist.

Inflammatory diseases of the vagina

Drugs to stop bleeding

Often young (and sometimes not so young) people, having read women’s forums on the Internet, resort to independently purchasing drugs that stop bleeding in any phase of the menstrual cycle. It should be remembered that drugs such as dicynon, vitaxol or transekam should be used only as prescribed by a doctor. Some hemostatic agents, especially in the early stages of pregnancy, can cause irreparable harm to health. So for any bloody discharge, be it brown or bright red, first see a doctor - and then go to the pharmacy!

And finally...

The gynecologist often does not care what color your vaginal discharge is. The light or dark brown color of the discharge indicates the presence of blood in it. And if you have spotting, bloody brown discharge that is not associated with menstruation, this is already a reason to think about its cause. So don’t self-medicate and wish you good health!

Dmitry Belov