What is the most effective antibiotic that helps against mycoplasma. What antibiotics treat mycoplasma and mycoplasmosis? Doxycycline mycoplasma

It has been established that humans are the natural “host” of 13 types of mycoplasmas, of which possible causative agents of urethritis may be Mycoplasma (M.) hominis, M. genitalium and Ureaplasma (U.) urealyticum. In addition to these types of mycoplasmas, they are also found in the urogenital tract M. fermentans, M. primatum, M. pirum, M. spermatophilum, M. penetrans, M. pneumoniae.

The question of the role of genital mycoplasmas in the etiology of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) remains unresolved due to the widespread distribution of these microorganisms and their frequent detection in individuals without clinical symptoms. Researchers have differing opinions on this issue. Some authors tend to classify mycoplasmas as obligate pathogens that cause urethritis, cervicitis, prostatitis, postpartum endometritis, pyelonephritis, infertility, and various pathologies of pregnancy and the fetus. Accordingly, according to these authors, eradication of mycoplasmas should be achieved if they are identified. Others believe that mycoplasmas are opportunistic flora of the urogenital tract and only under certain conditions are capable of causing infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary organs. Most foreign authors include all mycoplasmas, with the exception of M. genitalium, to opportunistic flora. That is why in ICD-10 such diseases as mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis or ureaplasma infection are not registered. According to many researchers, among mycoplasmas, without any reservations, only M. genitalium.

Summary of epidemiology M. genitalium were presented by David Taylor-Robinson (2001) based on an analysis of the works of 19 of the most authoritative researchers, according to which these microorganisms were isolated from 10-50% of patients with NGU and from 0-17.7% of healthy individuals. Later N. Dupin et al. (2003) it was shown that the disappearance of these microorganisms from the urethra is accompanied by resolution of urethritis and, conversely, relapse of the disease may be associated with the use of drugs that are not sufficiently active against M. genitalium.

The clinical picture of urethritis, in which mycoplasmas are detected, as with chlamydia infection, does not have pathognomonic symptoms. M. genitalium more often found in people with chronic urethritis, the probable cause of recurrence of which is it. L. Mena et al. (2002) showed that patients with M. genitalium-associated urethritis, to a lesser extent than patients with gonococcal urethritis, complain of dysuria and discharge, and their discharge is much less likely to be purulent in nature.

Diagnostics. Revealing M. genitalium in material from the urogenital tract is carried out only by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study makes it possible to very quickly—within 24 hours—identify the DNA of the pathogen in a scraping from the urogenital tract and determine its species. Culture testing on selective media is used to identify M. hominis And U. urealyticum.

Treatment

As in most cases of identifying opportunistic flora, for mycoplasmas a number of factors are identified that contribute to the development of infectious and inflammatory processes. The most important of them are immune disorders, changes in hormonal status, massive colonization, and associations with other bacteria. All these factors, as well as the type of pathogen, duration of infection, history of previous treatment, the presence of concomitant pathogenic and opportunistic flora should be taken into account when determining the tactics of patient management.

Etiotropic treatment of NGU caused by M. genitalium is based on the use of antibacterial drugs of various groups. The activity of drugs against any infection is determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in studies in vitro. BMD indicators, as a rule, correlate with the results of clinical cure. Antibiotics with the lowest MIC are considered the optimal drugs, but one should remember the importance of such parameters as bioavailability, the ability to create high interstitial and intracellular concentrations, treatment tolerability and patient compliance.

To select an adequate treatment regimen in specific cases, laboratory determination of the sensitivity of isolated cultures to various antibiotics is recommended. But the problem is that this mainly concerns the identified saprophytic flora. Thus, many authors note the ability of mycoplasmas to quickly acquire resistance to antibacterial drugs when they are passaged in vitro. Therefore, testing of strains freshly isolated from diseased individuals is necessary. Another difficulty is that when detecting mycoplasmas, sensitivity to antibiotics in vitro does not necessarily correlate with positive affect in vivo. This may be related to the pharmacokinetics of the drugs. These factors must be taken into account when prescribing etiotropic therapy, which in many cases may be part of combination therapy, especially for mixed infections.

European (2001) and American (2006) guidelines for the management of patients with urethritis contain recommendations according to which NGU should be treated according to basic and alternative regimens.

Basic schemes:

• azithromycin - 1.0 g orally, once;
• doxycycline - 100 mg 2 times a day for 7 days.

Alternative schemes:

• erythromycin - 500 mg 4 times a day for 7 days or 500 mg 2 times a day for 14 days;
• ofloxacin - 200 mg 2 times a day, or 400 mg 1 time a day, or 300 mg 2 times a day for 7 days;
• levofloxacin - 500 mg 1 time per day for 7 days;
• tetracycline - 500 mg 4 times a day for 7 days.

From the above schemes it is clear that the main antibiotics recommended for the treatment of NGU are tetracycline drugs, macrolides and fluoroquinolones.

If we summarize the recommendations set out in the main domestic guidelines (“Federal Guidelines for the Use of Medicines”, “Rational Pharmacotherapy of Skin Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections” (edited by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences A. A. Kubanova), “Methodological Materials on the diagnosis and treatment of the most common sexually transmitted infections and skin diseases (protocols for patient management)”, published by TsNIKVI), we can imagine the following etiotropic treatment regimens for NGU adopted in Russia.

Tetracycline antibiotics

Main drugs:

• doxycycline - 100 mg 2 times a day for at least 7-14 days. The first dose when taking the drug is 200 mg.

Alternative drugs:

• tetracycline - 500 mg 4 times a day for 7-14 days;
• Metacycline - 300 mg 4 times a day for 7-14 days.

Macrolides

Main drugs:

• azithromycin - a single dose of 1.0 g or 250 mg once a day for 6 days. The drug is taken 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals;
• josamycin - 500 mg 2 times a day for 7-14 days.

Alternative drugs:

• erythromycin - 500 mg 4 times a day for 7-14 days;
• roxithromycin - 150 mg 2 times a day for 7-14 days;
• clarithromycin - 250 mg 2 times a day for 7-14 days;
• midecamycin - 400 mg 3 times a day for 7-14 days.

Fluoroquinolones

• ofloxacin - 200-300 mg 2 times a day for 7-14 days;
• sparfloxacin - 200 mg 1 time per day for 10 days (on the first day the dose is doubled);
• levofloxacin - 500 mg 1 time per day for 10 days;
• Pefloxacin - 600 mg 1 time per day for 7-14 days.

Tetracycline drugs are the most common drugs for the etiotropic treatment of patients with NGU caused by M. genitalium. And although doxycycline has been used in the treatment of various pathologies for several decades, its activity against the main pathogens of NGU remains high (D. Kilic et al., 2004).

That is why, according to all the recommendations mentioned above, the drug of choice for the treatment of NGU is doxycycline. The advantage of its use is its fairly high efficiency and relatively low cost of treatment. Doxycycline has higher bioavailability, a longer half-life, and is better tolerated than tetracycline. In addition, when using doxycycline, unlike other tetracyclines, there is no need to follow a diet designed to take into account the possibility of tetracyclines binding to Ca 2+ ions. The most common side effects when taking tetracycline drugs are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. These reactions are significantly less severe when using doxycycline monohydrate rather than traditional doxycycline hydrochloride. The neutral reaction of doxycycline monohydrate (Unidox Solutab) eliminates the occurrence of esophagitis that occurs when using other forms of doxycycline. Doxycycline monohydrate is available in a unique dosage form of Solutab tablets, which can be taken orally whole, can be divided into parts or chewed, and can be dissolved in water to form a syrup-suspension (when dissolved in 20 ml of water) or a suspension solution (when dissolved in 100 ml water). The bioavailability of doxycycline monohydrate in this form is 95%, which practically corresponds to intravenous infusion. Consequently, the successful combination of the chemical formula (monohydrate) and dosage form (solutab) makes Unidox Solutab safe, and treatment with its help highly compliant.

During treatment with tetracycline drugs, patients should avoid exposure to sunlight due to the possibility of photosensitivity.

Antibiotics from the macrolide group are completely free of this side effect. All of the mentioned guidelines list the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin as the drug of choice for the treatment of NGU. This is facilitated by the unique pharmacokinetic characteristics of azithromycin: a long half-life, a high level of absorption and resistance to an acidic environment, the ability of this antibiotic to be transported by leukocytes to the site of inflammation, a high and prolonged concentration in tissues, as well as the ability to penetrate into cells. Due to the fact that a high therapeutic concentration of azithromycin in tissues is achieved after a single dose of a standard dose of antibiotic and remains in areas of inflammation for at least 7 days, with the advent of azithromycin, for the first time it became possible to effectively treat patients with chlamydial infection with a single oral dose of an antibiotic. The original and most famous azithromycin drug is Sumamed, which has been used in the Russian Federation since the early 90s of the last century.

The advantages of all modern macrolide antibiotics over the first antibiotic from this group, erythromycin, are higher efficiency, improved pharmacokinetics, good tolerability and lower frequency of dosing.

When taking macrolides, side effects from the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and liver (increased transaminase activity, cholestasis, jaundice), as well as allergic reactions, may occur.

Josamycin has the most favorable safety profile compared to other macrolides. The frequency of side effects when taking it does not exceed 2-4%. The drug does not have hepatotoxicity and almost does not change the normal intestinal microflora. On our pharmaceutical market, josamycin is currently represented by the only drug with the trade name Vilprafen.

Please note: mycoplasmas can be resistant to “old” macrolides (erythromycin, spiramycin, oleandomycin) and streptogramins, but are highly sensitive to the newest macrolides (josamycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin) and lincosamines.

The next group of drugs with high activity against a wide range of pathogens of NGU (including M. genitalium), constitute fluoroquinolones.

Fluoroquinolones such as ofloxacin and sparfloxacin are especially highly effective for NGU, accompanied by massive colonization of opportunistic saprophytic flora, since this flora is usually sensitive to these antibacterial drugs. Their “leading position” is due to the breadth of the antibacterial spectrum, high bactericidal activity, excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics (rapid absorption, high concentrations of the drug in tissues, cells, biological fluids), low toxicity. When treating with sparfloxacin, higher compliance is achieved, since the drug is taken only once a day. According to Yu. N. Perlamutrov et al. (2002), sparfloxacin is highly effective against mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections. On the Russian pharmaceutical market, sparfloxacin is sold under the trade name Sparflo, and among the generics of ofloxacin, the drug Oflocid has recently become increasingly popular.

Like tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones have a photosensitizing effect. In addition, drugs from the fluoroquinolone group are contraindicated in patients with impaired liver and kidney function. Adverse reactions after taking fluoroquinolones may include dyspeptic disorders, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, allergic reactions, and tendinitis.

Thus, based on the literature review, when treating patients with urethritis caused by M. genitalium, preference should be given to doxycycline, the newer macrolides and fluoroquinolones. In case of recurrent infection, the issue of lengthening the duration of antibiotic use and the use of immunotropic drugs is considered.

M. A. Gomberg, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
A. M. Soloviev, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor
I. N. Aniskova
V. P. Kovalyk, Candidate of Medical Sciences
TsNIKVI, MGMSU, Moscow

• IN 1 tablet- 200 and 400 mg ofloxacin . Corn starch, MCC, talc, magnesium stearate, aerosil, as auxiliary components.
• In 100 ml solution- 200 mg of active substance. Sodium chloride and water as auxiliary components.
• In 1 g ointments- 0.3 g of active substance. Nipagin, Vaseline, Nipazole as auxiliary components.

Release form

• ointment in tubes of 3 g or 5 g;
• coated tablets of 200 and 400 mg;
• solution for infusion in 100 ml bottles.

pharmachologic effect

Bactericidal, antimicrobial.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Pharmacodynamics

Is ofloxacin an antibiotic or not? This is not, but an antibacterial agent from the group fluorinated quinolones , which is not the same thing. Differs from antibiotics in structure and origin. Fluoroquinolones have no analogue in nature, and antibiotics are products of natural origin.

The bactericidal effect is associated with inhibition of DNA gyrase, which leads to disruption of DNA synthesis and cell division, changes in the cell wall, cytoplasm and cell death. The inclusion of a fluorine atom in the quinoline molecule changed the spectrum of antibacterial action - it has expanded significantly and also includes microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics and strains that produce beta-lactamases.

Gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms are sensitive to the drug, as well as chlamydia , ureaplasma , mycoplasma , gardnerella . Suppresses the growth of mycobacteria. Does not affect Treponema pallidum. Microflora resistance develops slowly. A pronounced post-antibiotic effect is characteristic.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption after oral administration is good. Bioavailability 96%. A small part of the drug binds to proteins. The maximum concentration is determined after 1 hour. It is well distributed in tissues, organs and liquids, penetrates into cells. Significant concentrations are observed in saliva, sputum, lung, myocardium, intestinal mucosa, bones, prostate tissue, female genital organs, skin and fiber.

Penetrates well through all barriers and into the cerebrospinal fluid. About 5% of the dose is biotransformed in the liver. The half-life is 6-7 hours. With repeated administration, cumulation is not pronounced. It is excreted by the kidneys (80-90% of the dose) and a small part with bile. In renal failure, T1/2 increases. With liver failure, excretion may also slow down.

Indications for use

• , pneumonia ;
• diseases of ENT organs (, sinusitis , otitis , );
• kidney and urinary tract diseases (,);
• infections of the skin, soft tissues, bones;
• , salpingitis , parametritis , oophoritis , epididymitis , orchitis ;
• corneal ulcers, blepharitis , barley , chlamydial eye lesions, prevention of infection after injuries and operations (for ointment).

Contraindications

• age under 18 years;
• increased sensitivity;
• or increased convulsive readiness after traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular accidents and other diseases of the central nervous system;
• previously noted tendon damage after taking fluoroquinolones ;
• peripheral neuropathy ;
• intolerance lactose ;
• age up to 1 year (for ointment).

Prescribed with caution for organic diseases of the brain, myasthenia gravis , severe dysfunction of the liver and kidneys, hepatic porphyria , heart failure , paroxysmal ventricular, bradycardia , in old age.

Side effects

Most common adverse reactions:

• nausea , loss of appetite;
• vomit ;
• , abdominal pain;

Less common and very rare adverse reactions:

• increased activity transaminases , cholestatic jaundice ;
• , hemorrhagic colitis , pseudomembranous colitis ;
• headache , ;
• anxiety, irritability;
• , intense dreams;
• anxiety, phobias;
• , convulsions;
• paresthesia of the limbs , peripheral neuropathy;
• conjunctivitis ;
• noise in ears, hearing impairment ;
• color vision disturbance, double vision;
• taste disturbances;
• tendonitis , myalgia , arthralgia , pain in the limbs;
• tendon rupture;
• feeling of heartbeat, hypertension ;
• , bronchospasm ;
• petechiae ;
• leukopenia , anemia , thrombocytopenia ;
• renal dysfunction, dysuria , ;
• rash, itchy skin, ;

Instructions for use of Ofloxacin (Method and dosage)

Ofloxacin ointment, instructions for use

Apply 1-1.5 cm of ointment to the lower eyelid 3 times a day. In the presence of chlamydial eye lesions - 5 times a day. Treatment is carried out for no more than 2 weeks. When using several drugs simultaneously, the ointment is used last.

Ofloxacin tablets, instructions for use

The tablets are taken orally, whole, before or during meals. The dose is selected depending on the severity of the infection, liver and kidney function. The usual dose is 200-600 mg per day, divided into 2 doses. For severe infections and if the patient is overweight, the daily dose is increased to 800 mg. At gonorrhea 400 mg is prescribed in one dose, once, in the first half of the day.

It is prescribed to children for health reasons, if there is no replacement with other means. The daily dose is 7.5 mg per kg of weight.

For patients with impaired renal function, the dosage regimen is adjusted. In patients with severe liver dysfunction, the daily dose should be no more than 400 mg. The duration of treatment is determined by the severity of the disease. Treatment is continued for another 3 days after the temperature has normalized or after laboratory tests confirming eradication of microorganism . Most often, the duration of treatment is 7-10 days, with salmonellosis 7 days, for urinary tract infections up to 5 days. Treatment should not last more than 2 months. In the treatment of certain diseases, Ofloxacin is first prescribed intravenously 2 times a day, followed by oral administration.

Drops with active substance ofloxacin are released under the name Phloxal , Uniflox . See instructions for use of these drugs.

Overdose

Manifests dizzy , lethargy , drowsiness , disorientation , convulsions , vomiting . Treatment consists of gastric lavage, forced diuresis and symptomatic therapy. Used for convulsive syndrome Diazepam .

Interaction

Solutions for infusions: Oflo , Ofloxabol .

An analogue of Ofloxacin, produced in the form of an eye ointment -, in the form of eye/ear drops - Dancil , Uniflox .

Reviews about Ofloxacin

Fluoroquinolones occupy a leading place among antimicrobial agents and are considered as an alternative to highly active antibiotics in the treatment of severe infections. Currently, the monofluorinated representative of the second generation has not lost its leading position - ofloxacin .

The advantage of this drug over other fluoroquinolones is its very high bioavailability, as well as the slowly and rarely developing resistance of microorganisms to it.

Given its high activity against STI pathogens, this drug is widely used in dermatovenerology in the treatment of STIs: urogenital chlamydia , gonorrhea , gonorrheal-chlamydial, mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections. Eradication of chlamydia is observed in 81-100% of cases and it is considered the most effective of all fluoroquinolones. This is evidenced by reviews of Ofloxacin:

• « ... I took this drug and treated mycoplasma and ureaplasma. Effectively»;
• « ... It helped me, I drank it for cystitis, there were no side effects. The drug is inexpensive and effective».

A wide spectrum of action, good penetration into the tissues of the genital organs, urinary system, prostate secretions, long-term preservation of concentrations in the lesion determines its use for urological and gynecological diseases. Thus, there are reviews that taking this remedy for 3 days has shown high effectiveness for recurrent cystitis in women. It was prescribed for prophylactic purposes after diathermocoagulation of cervical erosions after the introduction, after, and was successfully used for, epididymitis .

Not being an antibiotic, it does not affect the vaginal and intestinal flora and does not cause. According to patients, this drug is poorly tolerated. Most often, side effects were observed from the gastrointestinal tract, less often - from the central nervous system and skin allergic reactions, and very rarely - transient changes in liver test parameters. The drug does not have hepato-, nephro- and ototoxic effects.

• « ... there was nausea, my stomach was churning, there was no appetite»;
• « ... I felt very sick and couldn’t eat anything, but I finished the course of treatment»;
• « ... After taking it, insomnia appeared. I suspect it’s from the drug, since I slept well before»;
• « ...felt hot and cold sweat, panicked fear appeared».

Many patients with conjunctivitis , blepharitis And keratitis prescribed eye drops with the active substance ofloxacin (Uniflox , Dancil ), reviews of which are positive. Patients used them 4–5 times a day for blepharitis And conjunctivitis and noted significant improvement within 2-3 days. Due to the high bioavailability of the active substance, drops can also be used for deeper lesions - uveitis , sclerites And .

Ofloxacin price, where to buy

You can purchase the drug at any pharmacy. The cost depends on the manufacturer. The price of Ofloxacin in tablets of 200 mg produced in Russia (Ozon, Makiz Pharma, Sintez OJSC) ranges from 26 rubles. up to 30 rub. for 10 tablets, and the cost of tablets 400 mg No. 10 is from 53 to 59 rubles. Ofloxacin Teva, produced only in tablets of 200 mg, costs more - 163-180 rubles. Eye ointment (Kurgan OJSC Sintez) costs from 38 to 64 rubles. in different pharmacies.

The price of Ofloxacin in Ukraine is 11-14 UAH. (tablets), 35-40 UAH. (solution for infusion).

• Online pharmacies in Russia Russia
• Online pharmacies in Ukraine Ukraine
• Online pharmacies in Kazakhstan Kazakhstan

ZdravCity

Levofloxacin tablets p.p.o. 500 mg No. 5 Vertex Vertex JSC

Ofloxacin tab. p.o 200 mg n10 Zentiva k.s.

Ciprofloxacin tab. p.p.o. 500mg n10 Ozone LLC

Ofloxacin tab. p.p.o. 400mg n10 Ozone LLC

Levofloxacin tablets p/o captivity. 500mg No. 10 Ozone Ozone LLC

Pharmacy Dialogue

Ofloxacin (tablet p/o 200 mg No. 10)

Levofloxacin (tab.p.p./vol. 250 mg No. 5)

Mycoplasmosis is a sexually transmitted disease that affects the functioning of the genitourinary system. Like most other STDs, the symptoms of mycoplasmosis are vague and similar to the manifestations of other diseases, so if a person begins to feel any discomfort or inflammation of the genitourinary tract, a change in the smell of the discharge or the appearance of unusual discharge, it is better to immediately consult a doctor. All necessary tests will be prescribed, then the doctor will choose an individual treatment regimen for each specific case. The latter is especially important when fighting mycoplasma, which can be resistant to many drugs, be caused by different strains, or develop against the background of another more severe infection that has weakened the immune system.

First of all, antibiotics are prescribed, however, as already mentioned, in order not to carry out an unsuccessful course of treatment with drugs to which the bacterium is resistant, preliminary tests are carried out. If there is resistance to antibiotics, drugs from other groups may be prescribed. Treatment of mycoplasma with ofloxacin is used precisely in this case, as well as if it has developed against the background of another fungal infection.

For mycoplasma, ofloxacin has a good antibacterial effect already in the first hours after administration, even if previous courses of treatment with sulfonamides and antibiotics were unsuccessful. Since this representative of fluoroquinones has a half-life from the body that does not exceed 7 hours, for successful treatment and maintaining its constant indicator in inflamed tissues, it is necessary to take 1 tablet of ofloxacin twice a day, trying to maintain equal periods of time between doses.

The standard course of treatment for mycoplasmosis with ofloxacin ranges from 10 to 28 days, depending on the severity of the disease and when the symptoms indicating the presence of mycoplasma in the body began to disappear.

Usually, when treating mycoplasma with ofloxacin, no side effects of the drug are observed, however, in some cases, patients may complain of rash and itching of the skin, swelling of the face, nausea, sleep disturbances, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, and in the tests the doctor may observe thrombocytopenia and agranulocytosis. If side effects are detected, the course of therapy is adjusted by replacing the drug with other medications.

Ofloxacin for ureaplasma shows good results in the fight against infection. Questions about how the drug works and how quickly recovery will occur concern many men and women.

Choosing a drug based on Ofloxacin

It is necessary to select a medicine to which this microorganism will be sensitive. The most effective way to treat the disease is with antimicrobial agents. It has been established that ureaplasma parvum is not resistant to drugs based on Ofloxacin. This is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, its permeability into the tissues of the genitourinary system is the highest. It is used for diseases of the urethra, cervix, and rectum when affected by microorganisms sensitive to Ofloxacin.

According to research, the high bioavailability of this drug will ensure the effectiveness of treatment. The medicine is quickly absorbed when taken orally, which guarantees getting rid of ureaplasma in the shortest possible time. The bactericidal effect of Ofloxacin is based on its ability to destroy the structure of the bacterial cell.

Upon completion of the therapeutic course, there is a significant decrease in the amount of ureaplasma in the biological material, the symptoms of the disease are significantly reduced or completely disappear. Complete suppression of the inflammatory process in the body is achieved.

An individual treatment regimen will be developed by your dermatovenerologist in accordance with the results of the examination. The doctor will also look at laboratory results.

The choice of drug is influenced by factors such as chronic diseases and the success of previous treatment. Dosage depends on the severity of the infection, age, body weight and kidney function of the patient. The course of treatment is usually 7–10 days; after the symptoms have resolved, Ofloxacin should be continued for another 2–3 days. In severe cases, the course of treatment can be extended.

To confirm your recovery, you need to take tests after completing the course of treatment: a smear from the urethra, cervical canal or vagina. If a month has passed since treatment, you may be asked to do a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test to detect traces of bacterial DNA in your body.

Examination of a sexual partner is carried out only if he has clinical manifestations of inflammation of the genital organs:

• itching and burning during urination;
• pain and swelling in the urethral area;

Features of application

Ofloxacin should be taken orally, without chewing, with water. It is allowed to be consumed both before and after meals. You should not take the medicine with food, as this significantly reduces the absorption of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract. Prolonged exposure to the sun should be avoided during treatment with Ofloxacin.

Before you start taking the medicine, pay attention to the contraindications:

• age under 18 years;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• epilepsy;
• hepatitis and other liver diseases, renal dysfunction;
• hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Some patients report the development of side effects such as:

• nausea and vomiting;
• headache;
• short-term hypotension and dizziness;
• itching and allergic skin reactions associated with individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

If any side effects or allergic reactions develop, you should immediately stop taking the drug and consult your doctor. Self-medication is dangerous and can have unpredictable consequences.

Treatment effectiveness and reviews

Clinical studies show that treatment with antibacterial drugs of the fluoroquinolone group (Oflaxacin and Levofloxacin) can completely eliminate ureaplasmosis in patients.

Already from the first days of using the drugs, positive dynamics are observed; after 3–4 days, the main symptoms that bother the patient can be eliminated. After completing a seven-day course of antibiotic therapy, as a rule, complete recovery occurs.

Treatment with Ofloxacin for ureaplasmosis has received positive feedback from patients. Antibiotics are well tolerated and easy to use. Quick elimination of symptoms makes treatment of ureaplasma comfortable for the patient. Price and quality are comparable, the medicine is highly effective and has minimal side effects.

Treatment regimen for bartholinitis with a combination of ofloxacin, doxycycline and metronidazole? and got the best answer

Answer from Oliya Ryabchikova[active]
Treatment. In the acute stage, rest is necessary, local cold is required, antibacterial drugs are prescribed, in the recovery stage - warm sitz baths with a solution of potassium permanganate (1:6000). Purulent bartholinitis is treated surgically.
Antibacterial drugs
Azithromycin (Azitrox, Sumamed) Amoxicillin (Amin, Ospamox)
Doxycycline (Doxibene, Doxinate, Medomycin, Unidox Solutab)
Clarithromycin (Klacid, Klabax)
Clindamycin (Dalacin, Klimitsin, Klindafer, Klinda-fer, Clindacin, Klinoxin)
Co-trimoxazole (Biseptol, Groseptol, Septrin)
Ofloxacin (Ofloxin, Oflocid, Tarivid)
Ciprofloxacin (Aquacipro, Arflox, Afenoxin, Ifi-cipro, Quintor, Quipro, Liproquin, Medociprin, Microflox, Proxacin, Procipro, Recipro, Tseprova, Ci-plox, Cyprinol)

Answer from Vera[guru]
The Bartholin's gland is simply removed.

Answer from Elena Berezovskaya[guru]
Already answered. I'll say it again.
1. Cultures of the secretions and microscopy of the smear are done.
2. Baths and other warming procedures are NOT prescribed. Strictly contraindicated.
3. Treat with ONE type of antibiotic for 5 days or with metronidazole if trichomoniasis is found (very often it is trichomonas that cause inflammation of the Bartholin gland).
4. If there is an accumulation of secretions and suppuration, drain the gland (open and remove the contents).
5. If relapses of bartholinitis are frequent, the gland is removed.

Answer from Ali[active]
Over the course of a year, I tried everything twice and nothing helped.
The third time, when the gland became inflamed again, I decided to have surgery to remove it. The surgeon told me that it is useless to treat, sooner or later the inflammation will appear again! This sore can only be treated surgically. They remove some capsule and that’s it. Thank God tfu tfu everything has been fine for 3 months.

Answer from Andrey Enyutin[guru]
it will not work. in most cases it needs to be opened. but if you want a regimen without problems: metronidazole (aka trichopolum) 1 t. 3 times a day, it is better to replace doxycycline with Unidox, on the first day 2t. then 1 in the morning, ofloxacin 200 mg 2 times a day. When you are cured, go on a low-carbohydrate diet and take a course of glucophage.

Answer from Zina Zeta[guru]
yes. The gland was removed, trichomoniasis remained and continued to wander through the body. until the feast of this single-celled oncology ends... Write to the mailbox, I will show you letters from patients who were unsuccessfully treated for years for trichomoniasis and other things, but this animal still showed up in smears a year later. Colloidal silver inside and in tampons and special preparations for the treatment of urogenital infections, taken in courses and after a certain time your glands will be clean of pathogens and will stop bothering you forever.
And these antibiotics are a scheme for destroying your liver, pancreas and kidneys, but not pathogens, they have long been resistant to them.

Answer from Honey Money[newbie]
Trichomoniasis is treated intravenously, 3 weeks 3 times a day! Find a good specialist and don’t waste the money. And treat your partner the same way, subject to complete abstinence!

Answer from FOX (unsophisticated)[guru]
in most cases, the gland will be removed, in general such a disease is not cured based on the answers, I agree with zina leta, antibiotics will destroy the liver, pancreas, kidneys, but not the pathogens, they have long been resistant to them.

Answer from Oleg Snopkov[newbie]
CSKAN-antikhnik.