Card index of role-playing games about modern professions. Role-playing game as a means of developing older preschoolers’ ideas about adult professions

Role-playing game for children of the preparatory group of kindergarten “Sea Adventure”

Author: Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shestakova, teacher of MBDOU No. 102 group “Firefly”, Miass, Chelyabinsk region
Description of material: I offer a summary of a role-playing game for children in the preparatory group on the topic “Sea Adventure.” This material will be useful for teachers of older preschool age. This summary helps to consolidate the material on the topic “Profession of a sailor”
Target: Formation of children's interest in role-playing games. Establishing emotional-positive contact between children in the process of joint play activities.
Tasks:
1. Help create a game environment taking into account the theme of the game and an imaginary situation
2. Develop constructive skills in children, the ability to use substitute objects.
3. Develop children’s positive communication skills and friendly relationships in the group.
4. To form an idea of ​​sensitivity and the need for a caring, sensitive attitude towards those who need help.
5. Learn to name your role, verbally define the events depicted
6. Activate children's vocabulary: cabin, navigator, porthole, cook, storm, lighthouse
Preliminary work: Conversations, reading works of fiction: “This little book of mine, about the seas and about the Lighthouse” by V. Mayakovsky, “The best steamship”, “Amazing ships” by S. Sakharnov, “Along the sea and ocean” by A. Nekrasov; watching the cartoon “Katerok”, looking at illustrations on the topic: “Water transport”, “Underwater world”, “Professions”, looking at family photographs “Sea holidays”. Didactic game “Who needs what for work.” Joint production of attributes for the game.
Material: steering wheel, megaphone, compass, binoculars, captain's cap, peakless cap, sailor collars, blue fabric - image of the “sea”. Replacement toys: soft modules for building a ship, anchor, lifebuoy, map, audio recordings of the sea, SOS sign, ladder, oxygen cylinders for the diver. Educator: Guys, do you like to relax by the sea? Let's imagine a little and find ourselves on the seashore. Let's listen to what the waves whisper to us? Relaxation (Children fantasize to the music “The Sound of the Sea”). Guys, look, the waves washed the bottle (or chest) to the shore. Yes, there is something in it! Let's get a look?
Children: Letter in the chest, map.
(We read the letter: It contains illustrations of animals in a cage. The animals are on the island in a cage and are waiting for rescue)
Educator:. Can we somehow help them or not? (children's answers) Let's look at the map. Is the path difficult and how far is it to swim?
1st stop - exercise island (children perform dance moves to music)
2nd stop – vitamin island (children drink juice)
3rd stop - island with animals: take the cage to the ship and return home
Educator: We need to build a ship
After building the ship, the teacher walks by and asks the children:
-What is this? (Children answer)
Stern - the back of the ship
Galley kitchen on a ship
The bow is the front part of a ship
Cabin room for captain and passengers

Side-to-side of the ship (left and right side)
Gangway board for launching a ship, ladder.
The helm is the steering wheel of a ship.
A porthole is a window on a ship.
The deck is the floor of a ship.
The hold is the lower part of the ship.
Let's name our ship: (brave, victory...)
Educator:. Tell me, who controls the ship?
Children: Captain. (captain's choice)
(The captain enters the ship)
Educator: What will you do? (I will look through binoculars and give it away)
Educator: Who is a cook? (cook) - child’s choice
Educator: Why do you need a diver on a ship? (see if there is a hole in the ship under water, maybe the anchor chain has broken under water..)
Educator: Who is the navigator on a ship? (he has the helm and controls the ship)
Educator: Who is the radio operator? (He receives and sends signals via radio: about danger, if there is a storm, or the ship asks for help, so that those on the ground know what is happening to the ship.)
Educator: What does a doctor do? (for example: “The diver injured his finger.” “The captain fell ill”; People who were rescued need to be examined)
Educator: Sailors (remove the gangway, raise and lower the anchor, wash the deck, raise and lower the sails - follow the captain’s orders)
Captain:
- “Doctor” - check the team, is everyone healthy? (The doctor approaches each team member, examines them, checks their pulse.) Doctor: Are you feeling dizzy? Are you feeling sick? Are you alright? How are you feeling? Everything is fine, everyone is healthy and feeling great.
- “Sailors” remove the ladder
- “Cook” - check if all products have been loaded on board?
- “Diver” - check your equipment.
(The captain addresses the sailors)
Captain: Navigator, report, “Is the ship ready to sail?”
Navigator: The ship is ready to sail.
Captain: “Team, take your places. Attention! Raise the anchor. The ship is leaving."
- right steering wheel!
Navigator: There is right rudder!
Captain: Full speed ahead!
Navigator Full speed ahead!
Radio operator: A ship is sailing to meet us - these are our friends!
Sailor: Iceberg is ahead.
Captain: It could affect the ship.
- Small move!
Navigator There is a slow speed!
Captain: All up! Be careful! Didn't hit us. Lights out!
Situations:
-Thunderstorm-, storm, pirates (audio recording with sounds)
Radio operator: received a signal from the ground, a storm is approaching
Captain: prepare pumps to pump water from the deck, remove sails
Captain: We can see an island, but we can’t swim to it, there are aground all around.
- “Stop the car!”
- “Lower the ladder”
Captain: Doctor, examine the victims.
(Sail back)
Captain:
- “Stop the car!”
- “Bring in the gangway!”
(Everyone gets off the ship. They rejoice)
Educator: Did you like traveling by sea? What did you like most? Did you play together? Draw some houses that interested you during your trip? Children, why is the chest so heavy? (Surprise moment: double bottom - there are chocolate coins in there)

Goal: To consolidate knowledge about the profession of a doctor, seller, hairdresser.

Tasks:

1. Help create a game environment, establish interaction between those who have chosen certain roles.
2. To develop in children the ability to play according to their own plans, to stimulate children’s creative activity in play.
3. Form friendly relationships through play, activity, responsibility, friendliness.

progress of the game:

Children enter the group and stand around the teacher.

Educator: You, everyone is growing up, and will be seventeen.

Where should you work then, what should you do?

Educator: Children, let's talk to you about what professions you know

Children: doctor, salesman...

Educator: But in order to work as a doctor, hairdresser, or salesman, you must first grow up, finish school, and get a specialty. But how long to wait. And I really want to become an adult right now and work. Is it true?

Educator: Let us go on a trip to a magical town. It is called "City of masters" . All children, when they get there, immediately become adults and can choose a profession for themselves. Do you want to go there?

Educator: We’ll go there on this bus. (In the group there are chairs in a row of three). You will be the passengers, and I will be the driver.

I'm swinging and flying at full speed.
I am the driver and the engine myself!
I press the pedal and the car rushes into the distance.
And so, let's go!

Educator: Everyone has arrived! Come out, please. This is our magical city "City of masters" . You look at each other. Everyone has become adults. I wish I could work, right? I’ll show you now where you can work.

Here we have "Salon"

It's bright and interesting here:
Mirrors, perfumes and armchairs, a large hall,
But it is clear, even
Better than the one in your trellis.

Now we are in the store - All products on display:
Tea, sweets, sausage - My eyes widen.
Come and buy it
Give the money to the cashier.

Look, here we have "Hospital"

Always attentively, with love. Our doctor treats you guys.
When your health improves, He is the most happy!

Educator: Now you see how many interesting things there are in our town. You can work where you like.

As the game progresses, the teacher helps create a game environment and establish relationships between those who have chosen certain roles; helps to implement in the game the impressions children received earlier.

Educator: Evening has come in our town, the working day is over, the hospital and the store are closing. Everyone gets on the bus and goes back to kindergarten.

And if you guys liked the town, you and I will go there every day.

Date of publication: 01/13/18

Card index of role-playing games “Modern professions” for children of senior preschool age

« Rescuers»

Target: Expand and consolidate children’s knowledge about the work of the service salvation profession rescuer.

Tasks: Learn to independently find a way out of a difficult current situation, act in an organized, coordinated manner.

To develop children's creative activity, coherent speech, and enrich their vocabulary.

Continue to teach children to observe the rules of etiquette in communication and behavior. To instill in children respect for people in this profession.

Preliminary work: didactic games, reading books, watching TV shows about the service salvation in extreme conditions (fire, earthquake, flood, explosion, etc.). Examination of illustrations on topics of extreme situations and composing stories based on them. Demonstration by a nurse of the correct first aid. Creating and solving problems with children situations:“What would you do?”,"What to do, if" Introducing children to the rules of behavior and evacuation in case of fire, fire prevention measures (do not play with matches, gas and electrical appliances, etc.)

"Tourist agency"

Target: Expand children's knowledge about the professions of Travel Agency employees: director, manager, tour operator, guide, courier.

Tasks: To form the knowledge and ideas of preschoolers about what a “travel agency” is and its purpose.

To clarify and enrich children's knowledge about the professions of the tourism business: director of a travel agency, manager, courier, cashier, tour guide.

Improve communication skills and the ability to conduct dialogue.

Foster respect for the work of travel agency workers.

Preliminary work:

• Conversations about children's family travels;
• Educational conversations with children on the topic: “Journey to Geography”;
• Introduction to the professions of Travel Agency employees: director, manager, tour operator, tour guide, courier. Cashier, tourist;
• Examination of illustrations, photographs of different countries (postcards, magazines, booklets);
• Coming up with a logo, the name of a travel agency;
• Making attributes, replenishing the development environment for the game;
• Reading of Iraida Reutova’s poems “Around the World Trip”, “Travel”;
• Listening and singing the songs “We are going, we are going, we are going”, “Song of Friends” from the cartoon “The Town Musicians of Bremen”.

"Sewing Studio"

Target: expand and consolidate children's knowledge about working in a sewing studio and the profession of a tailor.

Tasks: to form the initial idea that a lot of work is spent on making each thing, to strengthen social behavior skills, to thank for the help and care provided, to develop and strengthen friendly relationships between children.

Preliminary work: Reading works: S. Mikhalkov “The Tailor Hare”, Viktorov “I sewed a dress for my mother”, Grinberg “Olin’s apron”. Didactic game “What wool do you have?” Examination of tissue samples. Conversation “What fabric can be sewn from?” Looking at fashion magazines. Applique “Doll in a beautiful dress.”

"We are Oilmen"

Target games: Expand children's knowledge about the profession of oil production operator, driller, laboratory assistant.

Tasks: develop children initiative of the imagination. Develop the ability to act in accordance with the role taken and the overall game plan. Introduce children with the properties of oil and its usefulness in human life.

Preliminary work:

looking at pictures « Drilling » ,"Driller","Neftyanik","First Prey","Fire Department","Laboratory"; Reading books: "How they searched for oil","Gold of Samotlor"; familiarization with soil relief: sand, clay, water, oil, stone. Experiments with sand, clay, water.

"Veterinary hospital"

Target: introduce children to the profession of veterinarian

Tasks: arouse children's interest in the profession of veterinarian; to cultivate a sensitive, attentive attitude towards animals, kindness, responsiveness, and a culture of communication.

Game actions: Sick animals are brought and brought to the veterinary hospital. The veterinarian receives patients, listens carefully to the complaints of their owner, asks questions, examines the sick animal, listens with a phonendoscope, measures the temperature, and makes a prescription. The nurse writes a prescription. The animal is taken to the treatment room. The nurse gives injections, treats and bandages wounds, applies ointment, etc. The nurse cleans the office and changes the towel. After the appointment, the owner of the sick animal goes to the veterinary pharmacy and buys the medicine prescribed by the doctor for further treatment at home.

Preliminary work: Conversation with children about the work of a veterinarian. Drawing “My Favorite Animal” Making attributes for the game with children with the involvement of parents (robes, hats, recipes, etc.)

"Photo studio"

Tasks: expand and consolidate children’s knowledge about working in a photo studio, cultivate a culture of behavior in public places, respect, polite treatment of elders and each other, teach gratitude for assistance and service provided.

Game actions: The cashier takes the order, receives the money, and issues a check. The client says hello, places an order, pays, takes off his outerwear, cleans up, takes a photo, and thanks for the service. The photographer takes photographs, takes photographs. In a photo studio you can take photographs, develop film, view film on a special device, take photographs (including for documents), enlarge and restore photographs, buy a photo album, photographic film.

Preliminary work: Ethical conversation about the culture of behavior in public places. Looking at an album with sample photographs. Getting to know the camera. Examination of a child's and a real camera. Looking at family photos. Making attributes for the game with children.

"Plane Travel"

Target:Introduce children to such professions as: pilot, flight attendant, radio operator, dispatcher.
Tasks: Expand children's knowledge about air transport, the purpose of an aircraft, and how to maintain an aircraft

Game actions: The teacher invites the children to fly on an airplane. Children distribute among themselves the roles of Pilot, Stewardess, Radio Operator, Dispatcher, Loader. Those interested purchase tickets at the ticket office, present them to the Flight Attendant and board the plane. Loaders are loading. The dispatcher announces the departure of the aircraft. During the flight, Passengers view various views from the window (images in the paintings) - seas, mountains, rivers, forests, tundra. They fly to a given city. They walk the streets and admire the sights. Upon returning, the children share their impressions.

Natalia Zolotova
GCD role-playing game “All professions are important”

GCD role-playing game"All professions are important»

Target: to arouse interest in the work of adults of different professions;

Tasks:

Training tasks:

Form children's understanding of species professions;

Clarify, generalize and expand children’s knowledge about the features hairdresser profession, doctor, nurse, salesman, builder, architect, conductor.

Developmental tasks:

Strengthen children’s ability to plan a game and independently select

game material, necessary attributes;

Promote the development of coherent speech, thinking, memory, curiosity, observation, activate and enrich children’s vocabulary with nouns, adjectives, verbs on the topic of the lesson;

To develop the need for children to answer in complete, common sentences.

Improve role interaction skills in accordance with etiquette standards;

Educational tasks:

Arouse respect and the desire to imitate adults, to work

constantly and conscientiously;

Create conditions for kind attitude towards people of different professions.

Integration: "Cognitive Development", “Artistic and aesthetic development”, "Social and communicative development", "Physical development", "Reading fiction".

Game material:

1. "Family"

Attributes for room equipment

2. "Construction"

Construction material

shoulder blades

Construction plan

Substitute items

3. "Salon"

Barber clothes

Cape for the client

Barber tools

Album with hairstyle samples

4. "Shop"

Seller's clothes

Counter

Wallet

Bijouterie

5. "Polyclinic"

Medical spatula

6."Souvenir shop"

Souvenirs

Clothespins

Corrugated paper

Velvet paper

Activating the dictionary: Hairdresser, shirtfront, hairstyle, seller, buyer, pay at the cash register, cashier, counter, jewelry, foreman, plan diagram, cement, souvenir, medical spatula.

Preparing for the game:

Album compilation "All professions are important» ;

Conversations about professions people using illustrations;

Didactic a game“Who needs what for work?”;

Making attributes for the game;

Conversations about the culture of behavior in public places;

Reading Vasiliev-Gangnus "The ABCs of Politeness";

plot-wise- role-playing games with children "Family", "Salon", "Shop", "Polyclinic", "Construction" "Souvenir shop".

Progress of the game.

Educator: Children enter the group and stand around the teacher.

You and everyone are getting older

You will be seventeen.

Where should you work then?

What to do?

When you grow up, what will you work as? (Children's answers.)

Children read poetry:

I want to be a driver, DANILO

Carry different loads.

I dream of ballet, FAYA

There is no better one in the world.

I want to become a great doctor, VANYA

I will treat everyone with medicine.

Very tasty, like candy

I ate it - no disease!

I don't like colors, TIMOTHEY

I dream of becoming an artist.

Order me a portrait

I can handle it, no doubt!

You are with me, friends, don’t argue, EGOR

I want to become the first in sports.

Scoring the puck is a trifle for me,

I I play for"Spartacus"!

I want to become a pianist, ANYA K

A wonderful artist,

Music has been with me since childhood,

I love her with all my heart.

I dream of becoming KATYA S soon

Children's teacher.

Sing with them, walk with them, play,

Celebrate birthdays.

Educator: All professions are wonderful,

All professions are important,

Everyone knows what your hands are

The Motherland will need them.

But in order to work as a doctor, hairdresser, or salesman, you must first grow up, finish school, and get a specialty. But how long to wait. And I really want to become an adult right now and work. Is it true?

I know one such city where you can find your favorite job. All children, when they get there, immediately become adults and choose for themselves profession. Do you want to go on a trip with me to the magical “City of Masters”? (Children's answers.)

What do you think you can use to travel? (Children's answers.)

Children: Let's go by bus.

Educator: Don't forget about the rules of behavior in public transport.

Children: While driving, do not touch the doors with your hands.

To talk loudly.

lean out of the windows.

(In the group there are chairs in two rows).

Educator: What are the names of those people who travel on the bus?

Children: Passengers.

Educator: Right. Passengers.

You will be passengers, and GOSHA will be the driver, since only he knows the way. (I put on my cap.)

Educator: Guys, who else works on the bus?

Children: Conductor.

Educator: What does the conductor do?

(Children answer)

(The conductor takes a bag with tickets and sells tickets to the children).

Educator: Today I will be a conductor.

And so, let's go!

There's a song playing "Jolly Travelers"

I'm swinging and flying at full speed. GOSHA

I am the driver and the engine myself!

I press the pedal

And the car rushes into the distance.

Conductor: Stop "City of masters".

Educator: Look, here it is "City of masters".

Here we are! Come out, please. Don't go too far, you can get lost in an unfamiliar city. Everyone is ready for a city tour. (Children's answers.)

Oh, what's wrong with you? You have all become adults.

There are no workers in the “City of Masters”, but there are various organizations. Let's walk through and see what this city has.

Now I will introduce you to where you can work in the magical city of masters.

Here we have "Salon". There is a hairdresser working there. What does a hairdresser do? (Children's answers).

It's bright and interesting here: DASHA P

Mirrors, perfumes and armchairs,

The hall is large, but you can even see

Better than our trellis.

The hairdresser will cut your hair,

He will curl his hair in curlers,

A hairdryer will dry your hair,

If necessary, he will perfume you.

Mom and daughters go to the hairdresser. At this time, the hairdresser is busy with a client.

Hairdresser: Good afternoon! Do you want anything?

Mother: I would like to cut my hair and style it.

Hairdresser: Please sit down and wait. Now I’ll be free and invite you....Please come in! Sit down.

The hairdresser serves mom.

Mother: (Looks in the mirror).

Hairdresser: You like?

Mother: Thank you very much, I really like it. How much do I owe you?

Hairdresser: 100 rubles, please.

Mother: Pays the hairdresser.

Hairdresser: Thank you very much, come again. Goodbye.

Mother: Goodbye.

Here we have "Shop".

And now we are in the store - Dasha

All products on display:

Tea, sweets, sausage -

My eyes widen.

Come and buy it

Give the money to the cashier.

Salesman: Hello, dear customers! Our store offers you different products (the buyer approaches the department sellers and asks about the freshness and price of the goods). I need to buy fruit. Please show me what fruits you have. I like these ones. How much does a kilogram of apples cost?

Salesman: Should I put it in the bag?

Buyer: Yes

The seller punches all the goods and puts them in plastic bag: from you 50 rubles.

Salesman: Do we have cash or card?

The buyer takes out a wallet from the bag and gives the money.

The seller takes the money: Please take your change.

Buyer: Thank you!

Salesman: Thanks for purchase, come again!

Look, here we have "Polyclinic". A doctor and a nurse work there.

Always attentive, with love KARINA

Our doctor is treating you guys.

When your health improves -

He is the happiest of all!

Child doctor: “Hello, come in, sit down. What's your last name? Tell me exactly where your pain is concentrated?

Sick child: "I have a sore throat".

Doctor: “Let’s take a look at you. Open your mouth, say "ah-ah-ah". I'll look at you with a spatula, don't be alarmed. Yes, the neck is red. Go to the nurse. She will take your temperature and write a prescription."

Doctor: Guys. Do you know what you need to do to avoid getting sick?

Children: Temper yourself.

Doctor: And what else

Children: Do exercises in the morning

Educator: Let's do some exercises "Radiant Sun"

Educator: But here we have a construction site. Who works at a construction site?

Children: builders, architects, drivers.

Educator: What do builders do?

Children: standing at home.

The whole area knows the builder, VOVA K

He is an excellent master.

With his brigade he

He is building a brick house.

Greets workers.

Hello Anur! Anur works as a driver for us, he delivers material.

Hello, Gosha! Gosha works as an architect and develops building plans.

Today we are starting to build a new facility using building materials.

I ask the architect to carefully consider the plan - the construction diagram.

(The foreman and workers are reviewing the construction plan. The foreman talks about the responsibilities of each - distributes roles between children: some are Builders, they are building a house; others are Drivers, they deliver building materials to the construction site, discuss who will do what. The driver delivers construction material).

And here we live KATYA

Dolls, hares, bears,

waiting for them to come

Baby mommies.

Educator: Here we have a Souvenir Shop

Children, just look around

Our whole life is the work of our hands.

Villages, bridges, cities. Viaducts.

All our hands, all our hands.

Skillful hands are the basis of success

Hands are the face of a person!

Hands, they say a lot.

The eye only sees, but the hands create.

Welcome, dear guests!

We wish you fun and joy

We've been waiting for your visit for a long time

Mistress: Admire my product, just don’t bargain!

We have a word and a place for everyone.

(The hostess invites the children to make their own souvenirs)

Educator: Now you see how many interesting things there are in our town.

In our magical city of craftsmen, evening has come, the working day is over, the clinic and store are closing, and work at the construction site is finishing up.

Bus signal. Is everyone here? Make sure no one is left here alone. Get on the bus and make yourself comfortable. Everyone gets on the bus and goes back to kindergarten.

Guys, you liked the magical city of masters, you and I can go there every day. There you will meet others professions and you can work.

Here is our kindergarten “Rossianochka”. Come out, please.

Look at each other, you are children again. (I call them by name.)

I really liked the way you are today were playing. We are with you more than once let's play and learn a lot more about professions, let's make additional attributes, and a game it will become even more interesting.

Educator: We give everyone balloons as a gift, and there will be a festive disco for you.

Cheerful music sounds. All the children in the game are dancing.

Play is the leading activity of a preschooler. Role-playing games reflect children’s ideas about the world around them, relationships and professional responsibilities of people. The child is transported out of everyday routine: he tries on an interesting role, uses memory images and fantasy to act in an imaginary situation. Role-playing games not only entertain the child, but are also an element of the educational process in kindergarten.

Goals and objectives of role-playing games in kindergarten

The essence of a role-playing game is that the child comes up with a fictitious situation, chooses attributes and acts in accordance with the plan.

Children play in the Toy Store. Goods (toys) are placed on the table, price tags are attached to them (provided that the children are already familiar with numbers and numbers; these can be ready-made sticker plates or self-signed pieces of paper). On the “counter” there is a toy cash register with bills and coins. Children are assigned roles: seller, cashier, buyers. A fictitious situation should be played out: buyers selecting goods, seller assistance, making a purchase at the checkout.

According to child psychologists and teachers, interest in role-playing games arises by the age of three. This is due to the fact that in the first years of life, the child accumulates ideas about the world, learns to operate with objects, and develops coordination of movements. However, the initial elements of role-playing play can be traced in the independent activities of children 2–3 years old, when children, in actions with toys, reproduce what they see in everyday life.

The initial role-playing game consists of reproducing the actions of adults seen by the baby in everyday life

When the author of this article became a mother for the second time, her first son was barely one and a half years old. Naturally, the older child watched the baby and how his parents took care of him: bathing him, swaddling him, feeding him from a bottle, putting him to bed. And at the age of two years, the son repeated scenes of everyday life with toys. He rocked the little bear in his arms and hummed a lullaby, gave him a pacifier and a rattle, and rolled him in a stroller. That is, the child tried on the role of a parent.

In preschool childhood, play is educational in nature: with its help, important personal qualities are formed and mental abilities are developed. Role-playing games are one of the main teaching methods: a culture of relationships within a team is established, respect for the work of adults and various professions is instilled, and simple social competencies (how to behave in society) are established. The purpose of conducting role-playing games with preschoolers is the diversified development of the child’s personality in a fictitious situation.

Play has been used as a form of learning almost since ancient times.

Jan Amos Comenius

https://nsportal.ru/detskiy-sad/raznoe/2012/05/11/aforizmy-ob-igre-i-obuchenii

Table: tasks of the role-playing game

In a role-playing game, children consolidate knowledge about the profession (salesperson-cashier) and learn the culture of visiting a store

Types of role-playing games

Based on the focus of the educational goal and the methods of achieving it, role-playing games are divided into creative, plot-didactic and interactive.

• In creative role-playing games, children fantasize as much as possible; they do not simply copy the behavior of adults in specific life situations, but show their own version of actions under fictitious circumstances. Children are transformed according to a game plan: they become circus performers, scientists in the laboratory, surgeons, and fashion designers. There are no limits to children's imagination in creative games. By conspiracy, they act in everyday situations: a bus ride, a trip to the theater or museum, lunch in a cafe. Or they can be transferred to plots from films and books: becoming paleontologists at excavations, flying to Mars, inventing a time machine.
  

  The creative game “Journey into Space” begins with one of the students declaring himself a captain and offering to fly to the moon. The guys agree: the boys build a spaceship (from chairs or soft modules), the girls collect supplies for the journey. When everything is ready, the captain commands: “Let's go!”, and the journey begins. The guys talk about what they see through imaginary portholes and show action in zero gravity. Suddenly a breakdown occurs, the ship lands on the nearest planet, and the astronauts explore unknown territory.

  

  The students independently developed a plan, prepared objects for the game and assigned roles

• A plot-based didactic game is a playful form of learning; it synthesizes the creative activity of children with the study of visual materials and the practical application of knowledge acquired in the classroom. The teacher always leads this type of game: voices the responsibilities for each role, monitors the progress of the game, and corrects the implementation of the didactic task. Plot-based didactic games are built on the basis of creative games already familiar to children: “Shop”, “Kindergarten”, “Bank”, “Canteen”. The game acquires additional content: cognitive (the difference between fruits and vegetables in the game “Dining Room” or “Vegetable Garden”), mathematical (count the number of objects in a game situation), linguistic (relevant for groups in which the national language is studied).
  

  The author’s children love to play “Supermarket”. The eldest son is preparing to enter school, he can add and subtract within 100 - he plays the role of a cashier, placing toy bills into cells. My daughter is learning to write, she is drawing up price tags for goods, her role in the game is the buyer. The game scenario is classic: the buyer puts goods into the cart, the cashier punches, the purchase is made. The didactic content of the game consists of training the daughter’s ability to write numbers and improving the son’s computational operations (addition and subtraction).

  

  The game involves the practical application of mathematical knowledge: getting a sum (adding the denomination of banknotes or the cost of goods), counting change

• The organization of interactive games is due to the introduction of technical means into the educational process of preschool educational institutions (the use of ICT). The use of an interactive board in role-playing games enriches the gaming experience of preschoolers. Photographs of real places (sea, tropical landscapes, cities and representatives of distant countries) and fantastic scenes (illustrations of a magical land, the era of dinosaurs, alien races) are projected onto the screen.
  

  During the role-playing game “Space Travel”, video clips of the rocket launch and the crew’s stay inside the ship are shown on the interactive board. To develop the game plot, landscapes of various cosmic phenomena are used: meteor shower, comet flight, black hole. Pupils are invited to complete tasks on the interactive board on the topic of previous lessons: crew members consolidate knowledge about the rotation of the planets and the structure of the solar system.

  

  Space landscapes are projected onto the board in order to maximize children’s immersion in the gaming environment and to consolidate knowledge in small didactic tasks

Based on the theme, role-playing games are conventionally divided into business, modern, and games based on the interests of boys and girls.

• A business game is a recreation by children of the content of the professional activities of adults. The interaction between the game participants reflects the model of cooperation between managers and specialists. Business games are aimed at developing a culture of relations in society and primary ideas about professional ethics. Children must understand that not only bosses, captains, directors are important, but also every team member. Responsibility in fulfilling professional duties and coherence in the work of the team is the key to successful work (in a kindergarten - work-play).
  

  Examples of business games for primary and secondary preschoolers: “Hairdresser”, “Grocery Store”, “Cafe”, “Post Office”, “Garage”, “On the Bus”, “Ship Trip”.
  Business games for older preschoolers require the ability to act in concert and in a coordinated manner: “Operating Room”, “School”, “Experimental Laboratory”, “Rescue Team”, “Editors/Journalists”, “Space Crew”.

  

  Children act within the framework of roles - auto mechanics, driver

• A modern role-playing game is based on the plots of real life in the 21st century. A child’s consciousness is absorbent: the places visited by the child, how adults usually behave there, and what roles they play in the functioning of various enterprises are stored in memory. The world of adults is changing, children learn about the structure of modern society and new professions, including from television programs. The themes of children's games are expanding, and new attributes are appearing. And we can watch how children play “Office”, “Real Estate Agency”, “Hypermarket”, “Cellular Communications Salon”, “Travel Company”, “Design Studio”, “Model Agency”, “Management Company”, “ Animal shelter”, etc.
  

  The modern role-playing game "Sberbank" copies the model of professional relationships "bank operator - client". The game is suitable for older preschoolers who have an idea of ​​the provision of services in a savings bank (visited with their parents): paying receipts, issuing a bank card, issuing cash, transferring funds, etc. The teacher makes some attributes for the game together with the children: a terminal and an ATM (stick on the boxes are printed screens with buttons), badges for operators, banknotes and coins.

  

  The game uses old bank cards, a keyboard and telephone, fake banknotes and a terminal

• Games are divided according to interests - for boys and girls - at the age of 4–5 years. Girls like to model the role of mother, housewife, traditionally female professions (nurse, nanny, teacher, canteen employee). For girls' role-playing games, a small space and a sufficient number of dolls and accessories (strollers, cribs, dishes, clothes) are required. Boys reproduce the male model of behavior in games: protecting the population (military-themed games, police, fire), construction, activities with equipment and transport.
  

  The writer of these lines observes every evening several companies in the senior group that her son attends. Girls play “Fashion House”, “Nail Salon”, “Mothers and Daughters” in the play activity corner. While boys' role-playing games have a larger scope and go beyond the play area: their games are active and often noisy. The favorite games of my son and classmates are “Policemen and Thieves”, “Builders”, “Motorists and Inspector”.

  

  Boys are interested in playing builders using special equipment, clothing and tools

  With older preschoolers, the teacher needs to organize joint role-playing games for boys and girls so that an idea is formed about the importance of interaction between men and women in everyday life, about professionalism, regardless of gender. In the games “Family” and “Welcoming Guests”, children try on different age roles (kids, parents, aunts and uncles, older generation of relatives), develop a culture of communication with adults, with guests, and are reminded that household chores are carried out by all family members (mother cooks , washes, irons, dad fixes, makes repairs, children help). The game “War” contributes to the patriotic preparation of pupils: children understand the importance of each participant in this difficult situation, girls are assigned roles in the camp kitchen and the medical aid station.

  

  Both girls and boys participate in military-patriotic games, because everyone can help their homeland

When to conduct role-playing games

Role-playing games are usually held between classes and in free time in the afternoon. You can play the game while walking.

Often role-playing games are included in the structure of speech and creative activities. The role of the teacher is to pronounce the conditions and plan of the game and to control the actions of the children, since the game in this case is a learning tool.

Role-playing game acts as a means of speech development. During the speech lesson, children study visual materials on the named topic, talk with the teacher, learn new words and explain their meaning. The teacher suggests immersing them in the topic and playing, actively using new words in dialogues.

The role-playing game “At the doctor’s appointment” is used in a speech lesson on the topic “Polyclinic” in the middle group. Children distribute roles: dentist, pediatrician, ophthalmologist, patients. The teacher gives a task: in the dialogue between the doctor and the patient, words related to the topic of the lesson should be used (names of medical specialties, “examination”, “symptoms”, “diagnosis”, “prescription”).

In role-playing games, children apply the knowledge acquired in a speech lesson on medical topics.

To activate imagination and develop talents, role-playing games are carried out in creative classes: music, choreography and theatrical activities. After familiarizing children with a certain group of musical instruments, they are invited to play the game “Wind/String/Folk Ensemble”; in the preparatory group, the role-playing role-playing in a music lesson becomes more complicated.

Playing in the preparatory group “Symphony Orchestra” requires students to know the professional duties of a conductor and his interaction with all members of the orchestra. To play the roles of musicians (violinists, flutists, drummers, etc.), children must be familiar with all groups of instruments and ways of playing them.

Musical classes and especially choreographic classes include role-playing games and dances. Children perform movements to the music in accordance with the theme of the composition: “At the edge of the forest” - children depict bunnies, foxes, bear cubs, “Dance with sabers” - improvisation on a military plot, “Lumberjacks”, “Mowers” ​​- simulation of labor activity in dance.

To the music, children dance in accordance with the plot: a wolf catches a hare

Also, role-playing games are the first stage of theatrical activities for preschoolers. Playing games based on literary works are held with children (in a theater corner or an additional education group): “Teremok”, “Turnip”, “The Fox and the Hare”, “Moidodyr”, etc.

The dramatization game is based on a fairy tale known to children

Conducting role-playing games in kindergarten

The organization of role-playing games begins with the preparation of attributes and toys. For younger preschoolers, the teacher selects items for specific games and places them in the play area for free access, which stimulates interest in developing independent activities. For children 4–7 years old, attributes are stored in the play area in sections/boxes by topic (“Cookware”, “Tools”, “Medicine”). Children from older groups are happy to make materials for games with their own hands: swords from cardboard, products from plasticine, substitute drawn pictures.

The play activity of younger preschoolers is activated using a ready-made set for role-playing games

Methodology for organizing role-playing games

The teacher gets acquainted with the long-term plan for the development and enrichment of play activities, identifies the children’s personal interests and the ability to independently think through the plot. Taking into account the data received, he begins to organize a role-playing game in the group.

1. Choosing a theme for the game, drawing up a rough game plan with possible plot options.
2. Preparing the gaming environment: pieces of furniture, gaming attributes and substitutes, costume details, materials for self-production of objects according to plan.
3. Creating motivation and starting the game:
   • the teacher creates a game or problem situation (“Guys, Cheburashka has never been to the circus, let’s show him a show?”, “The residents of Chunga-Changa island invite us to visit!”, “The dolls have accumulated a lot of dirty clothes, let’s arrange a laundry for them!” );
   • conducting a short conversation on the topic of the game (“What acts are performed in the circus?”, “What is needed for a sea voyage?”, “What household appliances are in the laundry?”);
   • guide to the game (for younger preschoolers - direct, for older children - indirect): distribution of roles, designation of an approximate plot;
4. Maintaining the game situation: monitoring the emotional state of all participants in the game, hints to enrich the plot, encouragement;
5. Completion of the game: analysis of the roles played, implementation of the plot idea, praise for initiative and manifestation of imagination.

Video: organizing role-playing games in kindergarten at all age levels

https://youtube.com/watch?v=RQ_AAg7vfdE Video can’t be loaded: Story-based role-playing game in a modern kindergarten (https://youtube.com/watch?v=RQ_AAg7vfdE)

Card index of role-playing games - table

Temporary game plan in kindergarten

The provisions of SaNPin on the organization of work hours in preschool educational institutions do not contain direct instructions on the duration of play activities for preschoolers. Since a role-playing game organized by a teacher is considered a form of education in kindergarten, let us equate its duration to the temporary norms of educational and physical education classes.

Table: approximate time plan of games

If the teacher sees the children's interest in playing for a longer period of time and does not observe signs of overwork or excessive excitement, it is worth increasing the time for the game a little.

Video: role-playing game “Journey into Space” in the preparatory group (30 minutes)

Summary of the role-playing game “Beauty Salon” in the middle group - table

In role-playing games, children learn to master elements of new professions, for example, nail technicians

Attributes and visual material for games

There are many ideas on how to diversify children's games using various attributes and design options. Substitute items and toys for role-playing games can be easily made with your own hands, including from waste material. Pupils and parents should be involved in replenishing the material base of the play corner.

Video: attributes for role-playing games

https://youtube.com/watch?v=CyranziRHJw Video can’t be loaded: Attributes for role-playing games in kindergarten (https://youtube.com/watch?v=CyranziRHJw)

Photo gallery: ready-made sets for games

Overalls and tools for playing construction game Phonendoscope, other tools and bottles for playing the role of a doctor Cash register, basket and goods for playing in a supermarket/shop Menu and a set of products for playing in a cafe Set of utensils for playing in a family, kitchen, restaurant
Tools for cutting, styling and hairstyles

The toys in the ready-made sets are functional: a calculator is built into the cash register, the burners on the kitchen stove light up, the hair dryer makes noise and blows, the drill rotates, etc. These attributes for games are the most accurate copies of real appliances and tools, they are bright and comfortable.

Photo gallery: attributes made from waste material

Attributes for playing space travel Attributes for playing grocery store or cafe Attributes for playing construction or apartment renovation Attributes for playing correspondents Attributes for playing office, agency Attributes for playing kitchen, cafe, farm Attributes for playing clinic Attributes for beauty salon/nail salon games

Using homemade objects in games arouses genuine interest in children and stimulates their imagination. Children often create simple substitute objects for games themselves: sticks as sabers, elements from construction sets as tools for construction, etc. Waste material is used to enrich the play environment: bubbles and jars for playing in the pharmacy and treatment room, empty bottles and boxes with labels - for filling the shelves of a grocery store, bottles of shampoos, nail polishes - for a beauty salon.

Photo gallery: role-playing costumes

Ready-made costumes for role-playing games can be placed in the dressing-up corner or play area A simple version of role-playing costumes with your own hands: decorate aprons with special symbols of professions Attributes and elements of costumes for playing a sea voyage Do-it-yourself astronaut costume Hats for the game based on a folk tale

Children love to transform and try on elements of workwear: caps, construction helmets, aprons, hats. Role-playing costumes for children's games are easy to make yourself: add symbolic designations of professions to aprons, make hats or masks of heroes for story-based games.

An incident from the life of the author of the article: children came up with a game about superheroes. There were no special masks or clothes at home, and my imagination immediately kicked in! The superhero mask was made from a piece of dark fabric with slits for the eyes. The Wonder Girl costume was made from her mother’s T-shirt and a hat made from a plastic sheet.

Children are incredible dreamers, they make costumes out of simple things and can imagine themselves as anyone

Photo gallery: design of the gaming environment

The pharmacy display window with a window is made with your own hands using printed images of medicines (leaflets can be taken at any pharmacy) Filling with real objects (fabric samples, sewing accessories, magazines with patterns) encourages children to become more familiar with the structure of the atelier Original design of the play environment using waste material ATM for a modern game, it can be made from an ordinary box. The most important thing in a gaming environment with a nautical theme is the presence of a ship. The gaming environment consists of homemade items with the symbols of the Russian Post. For a modern role-playing game, equipment is used, and children’s drawings are used to decorate the gaming office. The gaming environment is filled with real objects (tools and devices) and an important homemade attribute - a table for assessing vision

As mentioned above, gaming activities are rapidly developing with the use of real objects and waste material. Children try to bring their games as close to reality as possible. Therefore, in the design of the gaming environment, it is advisable to use non-working household and technical appliances, magazines and books, empty containers with labels, and signs with logos of existing companies.

Analysis of role-playing games

In order to identify the effectiveness of the teacher’s organizational abilities in role-playing games and adjust the plan for further activities, the teacher analyzes the game.

The protocol is drawn up according to the following criteria:

1. Correspondence of the theme and content of the game to the interests of the students and the level of their gaming skills.
2. Correspondence of the preparatory stage to the age category of children.
   

   The playing environment, the choice of attributes and the plot plan are thought out by the teacher - for younger children. Children independently selected attributes from those proposed and outlined a game plan - middle age. In accordance with the theme of the game, the pupils themselves prepared the subject conditions, made the material and attributes, assigned roles and developed the plot - older preschoolers.

3. Description of methods for guiding the course of gaming activities, their effectiveness.
4. What tasks were implemented in the game.
5. Assessment of pupils’ activities:
   • means of embodying roles (use of costumes, facial expressions, gestures, expressiveness of speech);
   • use of attributes;
   • communicative aspect in the game (interaction with a partner, help, absence of conflict situations).
6. Completion of the game: the logical conclusion of the game plot, the emotional state of the children (signs of overwork, high spirits, desire to develop the game plot in the future).
7. The direction of the teacher’s subsequent work: adjusting/improving the methodology for conducting the game, what means to enrich the children’s gaming experience.

Proper organization of play activities in kindergarten contributes to the development of personal qualities of pupils. In role-playing games, children expand their understanding of relationships between adults, form primary professional competencies, and gain respect for human work. Children show initiative in developing stories on everyday and fantastic themes, revealing their creative potential by transforming into the assigned role.