People with the most shocking physical anomalies. Doctors have learned to cope with a parasitic twin that kills the main fetus. The body of a child in a man’s chest.
An Indian teenager who complained of chronic abdominal pain was shocked when doctors removed a mutated twin embryo from his stomach.
18-year-old Narendra Kumar, who was rushed to hospital after suffering a bout of vomiting, sudden weight loss and increasing abdominal pain, surprised doctors during the examination.
“We removed the malformed fetus of a child that had hair, teeth, a poorly developed head, part of the chest structure and spine. It was in a large sac of yellowish amniotic fluid,” the Daily Mail quotes the surgeon as saying.
A 15-year-old teenager named Mohd Zul Shahril Saidin from Malaysia consulted doctors with complaints of abdominal pain that began about 4 months ago.
During the examination, the doctors decided that it was necessary to urgently perform an operation, since a large tumor was detected there.
As a result of the operation, doctors in shock pulled out from the teenager’s stomach something that looked like an ugly, underdeveloped baby. The "body" had long hair, a deformed head, two legs with toes, and even male genitals.
In science, such anomalies are called “fetus in fetu” - an embryo in the embryo. Such cases, experts say, are quite rare in world medical practice.
Now the teenager is still in the hospital, recovering from surgery, and the family buried the remains of his unborn twin brother in the cemetery.
Abigail and Brittany Hensel live in New Germany, Minnesota. They are Siamese twins with a unique body structure. Between them, the girls have two spines, two hearts (a common circulatory system), two stomachs, three kidneys, three lungs and common genitals.
This is only the fourth case recorded in scientific archives in which twins with such anatomy survived. Moreover, each sister feels touch only on her half of the body and can control only one arm and one leg. Incredibly, they manage to lead a completely normal life. 
Over the course of 27 years, Abi and Brittany have learned to coordinate their movements so well that they don’t have to deny themselves anything. Without any apparent difficulty, they ride a bicycle, swim, play volleyball and play the piano, dividing the composition into parts for the left and right hands. Moreover, American women even passed their licenses and now can easily drive their own cars. 
On top of that, girls also have different heights. Abby is 157 centimeters, and her sister is ten centimeters shorter. Their leg lengths are also different, and Brittany has to wear higher heels or walk on tiptoes to avoid limping. 
In general, there are a lot of surprising things about them. “My temperature may be completely different,” Abby says. “We often feel that when we touch, our palms are at different temperatures.” Hobbies, characters and taste preferences also differ. For example, Brittany loves milk, but her sister hates it. When they eat soup, Brittany won't let her sister put crackers on her half. 
It often seems to others that girls can read each other’s thoughts. It is common for them to finish a sentence started by their sister. In one of their interviews, they recalled an incident when one of them asked: “Are you thinking about the same thing as me?” It turned out that this was the case, after which the girls turned off the TV and went to read a book. Doctors explain this by the fact that certain parts of their nervous system intersect. 
When the sisters disagree about what they should do, they flip a coin, ask their parents for advice, or set the order of the desired actions. But now they can find a compromise relatively easily, and in childhood, Abby and Brittany even fought. 
The girls graduated from the university with two diplomas. Now they teach mathematics in high school. But they receive one salary. They have everything in common, even life. 
See also: Twin brothers married twin sisters and confuse each other,
The story of a flight attendant who survived a fall from a height of 10 thousand meters
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What happens if one of the Siamese twins dies. Is it true that conjoined twins die at the same time?
This is a question from Rosalind Dumont from St Kilda, Victoria.
As for this question, the answer to it is the story of Chang and Eng Biker (1811-1874), the most famous Siamese twins - a case both surprising and instructive. The sons of a Chinese fisherman, they grew up in Bangkok, Thailand (then known as Siam), were discovered by a visiting British merchant and eventually found fame and success in Europe and America. For a long time they were the main act of P. T. Barnum's circus and as a result they retired with honor. The twins married sisters and produced 21 children between them.
Chang and Eng are fused at the lower part of the chest, connected by dense, strong tissue approximately 13 centimeters long and 20 centimeters wide. Their livers were connected, and the blood supply to the abdominal cavities was common. It is unknown whether they could be successfully separated today, with the modern level of development of medicine, but in the 19th century such a possibility was unthinkable. However, the fabric that connected them stretched to such an extent that Chang and Eng could stand side by side and even perform stunts during a circus performance. Chang's height was 157 centimeters, Eng was 2.5 centimeters taller. The personality characteristics of Chang and Eng also differed. Chaig was more active, Eng was quieter and more withdrawn. Chang drank a lot. Eng objected to his brother's behavior. This alcohol addiction ultimately led to the death of both. After poisoning his body for many years, Chang was unable to recover from bronchitis and died while Eng was sleeping. Waking up, Eng, who had been horrified by the thought of such a situation for years, began to tremble, suffocate, fell into a coma and died 1 hour later. Interestingly, doctors later concluded that Chang's fatal disease did not affect Eng. In Eng's body there were no traces of the destructive and uncontrollable passion for alcohol that was so noticeable in Chang's body. Therefore, the doctors decided that Eng died from shock received due to the death of Chang. He was literally scared to death23.
Research shows that rich people are much more likely to die from strange and exotic diseases than poor people. The rich travel actively, so they are at greater risk of dying from any “foreign” intrusions into the body.
5. Fusion of embryos at early stages, creation of chimeric animals (chimeric animal sheep-goat). 4. It is possible to clone animals, obtaining genetic copies from one organism. Cell engineering methods involve the cultivation of individual cells in nutrient media, where they form cell cultures. This allows you to: 1. Produce biologically active substances (for example, from ginseng). 2.Create virus-free varieties of potatoes and other plants. 3. Possibility of unlimited reproduction in culture. Genetic engineering is the introduction of a gene from one organism to another. 12.
Slide 12 from the presentation “Basic selection methods” for biology lessons on the topic “Selection”
Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a free slide for use in a biology lesson, right-click on the image and click “Save Image As...”. You can download the entire presentation “Basic selection methods.ppt” in a zip archive of 877 KB in size.
Selection
“Monohybrid crossing” - Lesson progress. The set of all the genes of an organism. - First generation hybrids. An integrative approach to teaching biology. Objectives: A set of signs and properties of an organism. Monohybrid. - Parent forms. Let's remember! From the history. Continue developing skills in working with genetic terms and symbols. An organism whose genotype contains different allelic genes.
"Biology selection" - Selection. Selection method. § 3.18-3.19, preparation for the qualification test. Mutagenesis method. Exposure to radiation and chemicals on plants and animals. The name of the science comes from the Latin “selectio” - choice, selection. Centers of origin of cultivated plants. Selection tasks. SELECTION – human-controlled evolution.
“Genetic engineering” - Scientists guarantee harmlessness. Careful viewing!!! What does genetic engineering bring to humanity? New GM varieties. The popularity of soy products and soybean oil is growing every year. GMO bacteria destroy tumors. Using mutations, i.e. people began to engage in selection long before Darwin and Mendel.
“Basics of selection” - Homeland of several forms of wheat, rye, legumes, grapes. Plant selection. Mediterranean center. Selection tasks. Basic methods of selection work. I.V. Michurin developed a method of distant hybridization for obtaining new varieties. Methods of animal selection. Homeland of corn, cocoa, beans, red pepper.
“Biology Plant Breeding” - Carrying out cross-pollination between different homozygous lines. Tetraploid rye. Mass selection Mass selection is applicable to cross-pollinated plants (rye). Distant hybridization. Polyploidy. Pure line A. Hybrid AB. +. Heterosis effect. =. Self-pollination in cross-pollinated plants.
“Methods of selection of microorganisms” - Use of cell cultures. Topic: “Basic methods of selection of microorganisms.” Colchicine is used. Plant cells, under certain conditions, are capable of forming a full-fledged plant. Methods of chromosome engineering. Repetition. What is totipotency? Obtaining a frost-resistant variety took only a year (instead of 30 years).
There are 26 presentations in total
- A fruit that is entirely contained in another.
- Extra limbs or head protruding beyond the body of a healthy child.
- Visually distinguishable rudimentary fruit on a “carrier”.
In the first case, the second embryo is located either in the abdominal cavity or in the chest of the “carrier”. Much less common are situations where a fetus takes up residence in the head of a brother or sister.
How to detect?
In underdeveloped countries, the “fetus within the fetus” may not be diagnosed until the adulthood of the “carrier,” being hidden among the internal organs. It is detected only after a thorough examination of the patient who complains of poor health and causeless weight loss.
Ischiopagus is diagnosed in an adult using the following studies:
- Radiography.
In imaging studies, the degree of development is as follows:
The mechanism that triggers this phenomenon is also not defined. But experts have identified the following risk factors for expectant mothers:
- Work in production where harmful toxic substances are used in the process.
- Taking medications before conception, during ovulation. Women who were treated with potent drugs in the early stages of pregnancy also fall into this category.
- Living in unfavorable environmental conditions, due to which a pregnant woman is constantly exposed to poisons.
- The development of mental illness after trauma due to aggressive psychological pressure.
Possible consequences
For the mother, such a fetus is not dangerous. Difficulties arise during childbirth with the external location of additional limbs and other anomalies that have reached large sizes.
This condition is dangerous for the fetus for several reasons:
The latter causes disruption of the development of the carrier fetus, premature birth and intrauterine death of both embryos.
This anomaly is classified as rare. It is believed that only 1% of pregnancies with more than one fetus end in such consequences. The male embryo is most often affected.
Treatment and prognosis
Surgery is the only treatment option if the pathology has not been eliminated during fetal development. But success depends on many factors, for example, what organs were shared, how closely the twins were fused, and so on.
Doctors at the Barnaul Regional Clinical Hospital (Altai Territory) recently encountered this phenomenon. According to them, they “aborted the pregnancy”... of Vera N., a five-month-old resident of Barnaul.
“The girl was brought to us (to the regional clinical children’s hospital. - Author) with a suspicion of a tumor,” says the surgeon Yuri Ten who operated on her. “She had breathing problems, but the doctors at the children’s clinic could not figure out what was wrong. X-rays showed some kind of neoplasm in the child’s tummy, but did not give a clear answer. When we got to this “tumor,” we discovered that it was actually an embryo with a diameter of about 15 centimeters. Everyone was simply shocked, and the nurse almost fainted. However, this phenomenon is so rare that it is not surprising. Over the past 200 years, only 76 cases of such pathology have been described in medical practice.
According to Yuri Vasilyevich, in the Altai Territory, children with congenital deformities are often born. This is due to the proximity of the Semipalatinsk test site - its surroundings are contaminated with heptyl (rocket fuel - author), hence all kinds of anomalies. But how the premature fetus ended up in his patient’s body, the surgeon could not answer - heptyl had nothing to do with Vera’s case.
Baby's body in a man's chest
— Several years ago in Nizhny Novgorod, police picked up the corpse of a man on the street. They found no traces of criminal death and took him to the morgue.
The pathologist who opened the chest of 43-year-old Vladimir B. (in the process, the identity of the deceased was established) froze over the corpse with a raised scalpel. In the chest of his patient rested a stiff lump of flesh, reminiscent of the body of a twisted child. The doctor took it out and put it on the scales. The needle stopped at 6.200.
One head is good, but two?
“He had a head with thick hair, but there were no eyes or nose - only a mouth,” said the doctor. “But the arms were underdeveloped, as were the internal organs.”
Lazar loved his “brother” very much, took care of him and even wore two handkerchiefs: one for himself, the other for the younger one, since the latter drooled from his mouth when Colloredo ate.
He lived for 43 years and did not need anything. As a child, he made good money by demonstrating for his brother at fairs. There he was noticed by the courtiers of the French king Louis XIV. They brought him to Paris, where Lazare soon became a royal musketeer.
Two-faced suicide
The Janus phenomenon in teratology stands apart. Named after the two-faced ancient Roman god, these freaks were encountered by scientists only in an embryonic state. The "Janus" born and lived to adulthood was Edward Mordijk, son of an English peer.
He was a very gifted young man. He was destined for a career as a musician or scientist. But his life was cut short at the age of 23.
Mordijk's normal face was quite handsome. But at the back of his head there was another face, its absolute antipode. It was happy when Mordijk cried. His eyes followed what was happening, and his lips kept curling into an evil grin. It did not make a sound, but the young man said that the second face did not allow sleep and constantly whispered “things that you will hear only in hell.”
Mordijk, in addition to his family members, was monitored by a whole army of doctors. But one day he managed to secretly take poison. In his suicide note, he asked to “destroy the demonic face” so that it would at least leave him alone in the grave.
Intrauterine tragedy
“I have never encountered anything like this,” Kleofas Gaeros, a doctor at the Arequipa Medical Center, told Interlocutor. — My patient had twins, but one of the babies was stillborn. I would even say killed: his brother strangled him. The boy's neck was broken. The “killer” clutched the end of his brother’s umbilical cord in his hand. It felt like the babies had a fight before they were born. Evelina Verones, the twins' mother, was simply in despair.
“I will never be able to treat my son like an ordinary child,” she says. “And I will live with this nightmare all my life.”
Birth defects are problems with the structure or function of various organs that are present at birth and can cause mental or physical disabilities. Some of the birth defects presented below are quite well known, while others are extremely rare. But be that as it may, they are all quite creepy, mysterious and tragic. So…
This is a rare condition (approximately one in 200,000 births) in which twins are born joined in one or more parts of the body. In 70–75% of all cases, conjoined twins are female. About half are stillborn. Sometimes they can be separated, which allows conjoined twins to live a full life, but more often than not, this is not possible.
Hypertrichosis (Ambrams syndrome)
Hypertrichosis is a disease manifested in excess hair growth that is unusual for this area of the skin. Fortunately, this is very rare disease, and currently there are only 40 people in the world suffering from hypertrichosis. The disease is extremely debilitating for children as they are often rejected by their peers.
Sirenomelia (mermaid syndrome)
Sirenomelia is a developmental anomaly manifested in the form of fusion of the lower extremities. Occurs in one case per 100 thousand newborns. As a rule, it leads to death 1–2 days after birth, this is due to oddities in the development and functioning of the kidneys and bladder. However, there are cases where children with this anomaly (even without surgical intervention) lived for several years. Thus, the American girl Shiloh Pepin, who suffered from sirenomelia, was able to live for more than 10 years.
Cyclopia, as you might guess, is named after the famous mythical creatures Cyclops. Children born with cyclopia have only one eye, located in the middle of the head. In 100% of all cases, newborns die in the first days of life.
A type of twin fusion in which the head of a twin, which does not have a torso, grows to the head of a normal child. History knows only ten recorded examples of this anomaly, and only in three of them the child remained alive after birth. In one case, the second head was able to smile, blink, cry, and suckle at its mother's breast.
An extremely rare disease (1 case in 2 million), resulting from a gene mutation and manifested by congenital developmental defects - primarily curved big toes and disorders in the cervical spine. The basis of fibrodysplasia is the formation of inflammatory processes in tendons, ligaments, fascia, aponeuroses and muscles, which ultimately leads to their calcification and ossification. The disease is also called “Disease of the Second Skeleton”, since, in fact, where normal anti-inflammatory processes are required to occur in the body, bone growth begins.
Progeria is a rare genetic defect that causes changes in the skin and internal organs due to early aging of the body. No more than 80 cases of progeria have been recorded in the world.
A birth defect in which a baby is born with a semi-functional tail complete with muscles, nerves, skin and blood vessels. It is believed that it may be caused by a gene mutation.
Anencephaly is the complete or partial absence of the cerebral hemispheres, cranial vault bones and soft tissues. Occurs approximately once in 10 thousand newborns (in the USA), more often in female fetuses. The defect is fatal in 100% of cases. 50% of fetuses with anencephaly die in utero, the remaining 50% are born alive, but only 66% can survive for several hours (however, some have been known to live for about a week). Stephanie Keene, better known by her nickname Baby Kay, is considered the “longest-liver” among anencephalics, who lived with this terrible diagnosis for 2 years and 174 days.