Neurosis asthenic syndrome treatment for teenagers. Symptoms and treatment of neurasthenia - asthenic neurosis

Asthenic neurosis is a psychoneurological condition caused by prolonged emotional stress or intellectual or physical overstrain. It manifests itself both in the mental sphere and in the form of somatic (physical) disorders. It has several stages of development, the nature of which is sometimes opposite. A person can have both increased excitability and be indifferent, but at different stages of the development of neurasthenia.

Symptoms of neurasthenia

One of the common problems of psychoneurology is asthenic neurosis, the symptoms of which include the following psychological and somatic manifestations:

Increased irritability and anxiety.
with fainting, hormonal disorders (menstrual irregularities in women, impotence in men).
Stomach pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting.
Frequent urination or retention.
Increase or decrease in body weight, the appearance of edema.
, neuralgia of various localizations.
With prolonged nervous exhaustion - complete indifference, absent-mindedness.

Manifestations of mental asthenia are varied and develop in stages if the action of neuroticizing factors continues. First, a person under prolonged emotional stress becomes psychologically labile and reacts inadequately to any stimulus. There may be involuntary nervous tics of the face and body, repeated stereotypical movements - twitching of the leg, knocking with the pen.

Somatization of psychological stress can manifest itself in high blood pressure, fainting, gastrointestinal disorders (inflammation of the gastric mucosa and pain, spasms of the gallbladder). Panic attacks with increased sweating and frequent urination may also occur.

The muscles of the head and body in a person at the initial stage of neurotic asthenia are usually tense. Such patients often experience tensor headaches caused by tension in the facial muscles. Sometimes migraines develop in the presence of irritants in the form of strong smells and sounds.

Weight gain or loss is possible with nervous exhaustion. The hormone cortisol is involved in this. It can promote both the accumulation of fat in cells and its mobilization from fat depots for energy needs. Chronically high levels of cortisol lead to increased cholesterol in the blood, insomnia, and disruption of entire body systems. The body's overall resistance to stress factors decreases, and neurasthenics are more likely to suffer from colds.

Important! Under the influence of one's own steroid hormones, produced in excessive quantities, absent-mindedness and a decrease in cognitive abilities - memory and attention - occur.

Psychological symptoms, such as increased anxiety, irritability, dissatisfaction, interfere with a patient with asthenoneurosis in his career, as well as in the social sphere. Neurasthenia leads to an increase in conflict situations at work, and sometimes to legal violations.

In the stage of indifference, the body’s compensatory capabilities decrease. In this case, a patient with neurasthenia may lose motivation for any activity. Suicidal tendencies are on the rise.

With prolonged stress, the function of the adrenal glands and other endocrine glands is depleted. The development of hypofunction of the thyroid gland is possible, as the consumption of the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine, necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, increases.

In conditions of dopamine deficiency, the synthesis of prolactin increases, which, along with cortisol, is responsible for weight gain and hair loss. This hormone can cause menstrual irregularities in women, and even infertility at high levels, as the secretion of gonadotropins is reduced. In men, neurasthenic disorder sometimes leads to impotence, both psychogenic and hormonal.

Causes of neurasthenia

Factors provoking the development of asthenoneurotic syndrome can be for different reasons. The source of nervous exhaustion can be financial problems, family discord, loss of a job and difficulties in finding one.

When treated with glucocorticoids, it may manifest as increased irritability, intolerance to people and weight gain due to edema and fat. Excessive consumption of glutamic acid as part of taste enhancers is one of the reasons for the development of increased irritability.

Errors in nutrition and lack of nutrients and vitamins also affect a person’s psychological state. With a lack of complete protein, there is a deficiency of such important amino acids as tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine. Lack of magnesium, potassium, calcium, and B vitamins leads to increased irritability.

Diagnostics

To confirm asthenic neurosis, a visit to a neurologist, psychologist, or psychotherapist is necessary. It is necessary to differentiate asthenoneurotic disorder from hormonal problems, such as hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, diabetes mellitus, Itsenko-Cushing syndrome. With these diseases, symptoms similar to neurasthenia are observed. Sometimes chronic diseases lead to asthenic neurosis.

Treatment

When doctors encounter asthenic neurosis, complex treatment is prescribed. Therapy for neurasthenia is aimed at relaxation through massage, acupuncture (acupuncture), and psychotherapy. If possible, the patient is offered spa treatment including balneotherapy.

ASMR is a new type of therapy for psychoneurological disorders that helps relax muscles and calm the irritated nervous system. Autonomic sensory meridian therapy involves listening to sounds such as human whispers (usually a woman's). This causes relaxation and pleasant sensations in the head and body.

In case of asthenic neurosis, it is necessary to pay attention to the patient’s nutrition, especially to monitor the intake of amino acids such as tryptophan. From it the body produces the most important regulators - melatonin and serotonin. The first ensures normal sleep, the second - a good mood. It is recommended to limit the intake of glutamic acid, which has a stimulating effect on the nervous system. Table salt aggravates the swelling that occurs with asthenic neurosis.

To relieve muscle spasms and tension headaches, muscle relaxants are used - Sirdalud. Triptans, derivatives of ergot alkaloids, are used for migraines. To reduce the excessive activity of the glutamatergic system, aminoacetic acid – glycine – is used.

Asthenoneurotic syndrome is a signal of the need for radical changes in life and a reassessment of values. Working with a psychologist or psychotherapist will help you find out the root of the problems or change your attitude towards them by looking at them from a different angle.

Many people wonder what asthenic neurosis is, the symptoms of which are directly related to disorders of the nervous system.

Neurasthenia, or asthenic neurosis, is a psychogenic disease.
The cause of asthenic neurosis is prolonged exposure to traumatic factors and overwork. In the clinical picture of the disease, asthenic syndrome comes to the fore, which is characterized by increased fatigue and hypersensitivity to external stimuli, deterioration of mood, tearfulness and loss of the ability to endure prolonged intellectual and physical stress, decreased ability to remember and decreased attention. Asthenia is a consequence of exposure to stressful situations on the body.

Signs of the development of neurasthenia and stages of the disease

The main signs of the disease are as follows:

increased fatigue;

impatience;

constant fatigue;

the appearance of weakness in the limbs;

headache;

having difficulty trying to concentrate or engage in intellectual activities;

“fog” in the head;

the appearance of increased sensitivity to external stimuli;

sleep disturbance;

the emergence of anxieties and fears;

decreased sexual activity.

The disease has three stages of development. The stages of the disease differ in severity of manifestation.

The first stage is called hypersthenic. It is characterized by increased irritability and the appearance of fussiness; during the development of the disease at this stage, a person may often lose control of himself. A person also has difficulty falling asleep and frequent pain in the head area, which is of a pressing nature. A characteristic feature of this stage of development of the disease is the appearance of pain in the spinal column, weakness and constant fatigue in the body.

The second stage of the disease is characterized as irritable weakness. When the disease reaches this stage, the patient develops a high degree of irritability. A person “flares up” very quickly, but also “cools down” very quickly. At this stage, the ability to concentrate is lost, and productivity drops sharply. A person experiences a feeling of fear and anxiety, low self-esteem occurs, and constant pain appears in the head area. Additionally, there is pain in the heart, shortness of breath and a feeling of lack of air, disruption of the gastrointestinal tract occurs and the degree of sweating increases.

The third stage is called hyposthenic. This stage of the disease is characterized by a decrease in the level of fussiness and a sharp drop in performance. During this period of development of the disease, sleep disturbance is observed, which becomes superficial, fear of death and increased tearfulness appear. A condition develops in the body that resembles depression in its external manifestations.

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Treatment of asthenic neurosis

The process of treating the disorder must begin with the elimination of stress and adherence to the daily routine; in addition, it is necessary to adjust the diet. Treatment of the disease requires elimination of the traumatic situation; it is recommended to introduce general strengthening and health procedures into the daily routine.

For successful treatment, doctors recommend using various types of relaxation, such as relaxation, meditation and emotional release sessions. Very useful during the recovery period are sports, water treatments and long walks in the fresh air. To normalize the emotional state, the use of plant-based sedatives is recommended. The basis of such drugs are:
blue cyanosis;

valerian;

motherwort;

lemon balm.

Extracts of these plants have a beneficial effect on the autonomic and central parts of the nervous system of the body. It is recommended to take a course of vitamins, especially vitamin C, which helps increase the body's resistance to stress. It is also useful to take preparations based on St. John's wort. Medicines made on this plant basis are good antidepressants.

The disease should be comprehensively treated using products made from adaptogen herbs, such as Eleutherococcus. These medications help with recovery and performance enhancement. They contain a large number of microelements, enzymes and vitamins that have a beneficial effect on the body. Particularly effective are drugs that contain vitamin E, which is a powerful antioxidant.

If a patient has an advanced form of the disorder, recovery of the body occurs over a long period of time and very slowly. If symptoms develop rapidly, you should seek help from a neurologist, who will select a course of treatment that includes neurotropic medications. If necessary, you should seek help from a psychotherapist.

Asthenic neurosis, or neurasthenia, is a psychological disease that occurs as a result of prolonged physical or emotional stress. Most often, the nervous system is depleted in people from 20 to 45 years old, during the period of active life. Working 24 hours a day, lack of rest, conflicts at work or in personal life, constant stressful situations invariably lead to the appearance of neurasthenia. The main point in the treatment of neurosis is to eliminate the main cause of the disease.

Treatment of neurasthenia

When treating any psychological disease, and asthenic syndrome in particular, it is necessary to use an integrated approach. This method of therapy includes eliminating the main cause of neurosis, normalizing the daily routine, using medications and psychological techniques.

First of all, you need to change your daily routine

For clarity, you can write down all the important events point by point and pay great attention to rest. Treatment of asthenic neurosis involves clear regulation of the time of going to bed and the time of waking up. It is recommended to take walks in the park before going to bed, thus saturating the body with oxygen.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the diet; it is better to replace flour and fatty foods with vegetables and fruits. You can’t overeat at night; yogurt or a light vegetable salad will come in handy. A change of scenery would be a good idea; if your planned vacation is still far away, take an exciting walk on the weekend.

New impressions at the beginning of the work week will allow you to fulfill your immediate responsibilities with great pleasure. In cases where your main place of work involves a busy schedule, especially with night shifts and nervous stress, you will have to think about changing your workplace.

Use of medications

To improve anabolic processes, doctors recommend taking calcium glycerophosphate and iron.
Medicines containing caffeine and bromine are also prescribed on an individual basis.
Asthenic neurotic disorder involves taking tranquilizers, the dosage regimen and dosage of which are prescribed only by the attending physician.
For hyposthenic neurosis, medazepam, trioxazine, strong coffee or tea are taken.
Thioridazine in small volumes has an antidepressant effect, and with increasing dosage it has a calming effect.
Sleeping pills are not prescribed for this form of manifestation of the disease.
For the hypersthenic variety of neurasthenia, it is recommended to take oxazepam and elenium.

Regardless of the form of the disease, treatment of neurasthenia is also carried out using physiotherapy: aromatherapy, soothing massage, reflexology will allow tense muscles to relax and calm down. Electrophoresis with calcium and bromine ions is also widely used.

It’s a good idea to use autogenic training and swimming in the pool to treat disorders of the nervous system. Traditional medicine allows the use of medicinal herbs to normalize sleep and strengthen the nervous system. Valerian, motherwort, and hawthorn tincture have long been used by people to calm and treat insomnia.

Contact a specialist

If you can’t cope with a difficult situation on your own, it’s time to seek help from a doctor. A psychiatrist or neurologist can identify the symptoms of asthenic neurosis and prescribe appropriate treatment. In psychology, there are various methods for treating neurasthenia in women and men: individual and group psychotherapy, psychoanalysis. The doctor decides which method is best for the patient after individual communication with the patient.

The main goal of treating mental disorders is to reassess the situation that caused asthenic neurosis. An experienced psychologist will help you figure out what is important and what is secondary in the patient’s life, what is worth spending your energy on, and what can be skipped.

Reassessing life values will allow you to look at the current situation from a different angle and change your attitude towards it. It often happens that a person sets difficult goals for himself, and then blames himself for not achieving them.

Symptoms of asthenic neurosis

The symptoms and signs of neurasthenia are varied. The appearance of the following symptoms cannot be ignored:

Headache. Very often people do not pay due attention to it. Taking a pill at the end of the working day will help you get rid of this unpleasant feeling for a while. Some people experience a feeling of constriction, as if a narrow hat was put on their head or an iron hoop was compressing the circumference of the head. There are frequent cases of dizziness, and there is no sensation of objects rotating.
Rapid heartbeat or tingling in the heart area. Even during a calm conversation, the patient may become suddenly agitated, blush, or, on the contrary, turn pale.
Increased blood pressure.
Dyspeptic phenomena. Children and adults experience poor appetite, diarrhea or constipation, bloating, and heartburn.
Frequent urge to urinate is observed only in moments of strong excitement and stops with the onset of peace of mind.
Decreased sexual desire for a partner.
Insomnia. The main symptom of neurasthenia is sleep disturbance. Difficulty falling asleep and restless, fragmentary sleep do not allow the patient to feel rested and full of energy. As a result, absent-mindedness, memory problems, and instability of attention appear.
Decreased performance. Due to changes in the patient's behavior, productivity begins to decline.
Increased irritability. Sharp sounds can unbalance a person suffering from neurasthenia. A slamming door or loud laughter can cause a whole host of negative emotions. In children, this is observed when visiting public places - the circus, cinema, concert halls.

The presence of the listed symptoms does not indicate a diagnosis of asthenic neurosis; perhaps it is ordinary overwork and chronic lack of sleep. In any case, you should consult a specialist about this.

Establishing diagnosis

The diagnosis of neurasthenia in children and adults is made by a neurologist after an initial examination, examination of the patient’s complaints and based on a study of the general history of the sick patient. During diagnosis, tumor and inflammatory processes occurring in the brain, intoxication, and chronic infectious diseases must be excluded. To do this, the patient undergoes a magnetic resonance imaging scan. Rheoencephalography is also an important indicator for establishing the nature of cerebral circulation.

Disease prevention

In psychology, asthenic neurosis has the most favorable prognosis among other mental illnesses. A timely diagnosis provides a greater chance of full recovery. In advanced cases, neurasthenia becomes a chronic disease of the central nervous system, difficult to treat.

To prevent the occurrence of neurosis, you need to maintain a balanced work and rest schedule, avoid constant emotional overload and physical exhaustion. You need to learn how to use relaxing techniques to relieve stress and physical fatigue. The causes of neurasthenia also lie in the desire to do everything, and the resulting disappointment, if this was not done, can cause a nervous breakdown. A good method of getting rid of asthenic neurosis is a change of environment, a trip on vacation.

It is especially worth noting the emergence of neurosis in children. A heavy school load, additional classes and sections, computer games can provoke the appearance of neurasthenia in a child. In this case, the role of parents in treatment plays a particularly important role. If the situation gets out of control and you can no longer cope with it on your own, it’s time to contact a child psychologist. An experienced specialist will tell you how to treat neurasthenia in children; sometimes it is enough to reduce the load and spend more free time in the fresh air.

Life in a metropolis proceeds at a frantic pace, which leaves its mark on the life of every person. Constant stress at work, long hours of standing in traffic jams, lack of sleep, setting difficult tasks can lead to neurasthenia. This psychological disease mainly affects middle-aged people, and there is no division by gender. At the initial stage, it is usually enough to spend more time relaxing, communicating with friends, and traveling.

A change of environment will help get rid of neurosis. However, in case of prolonged mental disorder, it is better to seek help from a specialist. An experienced psychiatrist or neurologist will prescribe courses of restorative therapy, relaxing massage, physiotherapy, and, if necessary, medications. Moderate exercise, walks in the fresh air, and adequate sleep are the main components of a healthy lifestyle.

(asthenic neurosis) is a pathological condition of the human nervous system that occurs as a result of its exhaustion during prolonged mental or physical overload. Neurasthenia most often occurs in people 20-40 years old, in women it is slightly less common than in men. It develops with prolonged physical stress (hard work, insufficient sleep, lack of rest), frequent stressful situations, personal tragedies, and long-term conflicts. Somatic diseases and chronic intoxication can contribute to the occurrence of neurasthenia. Treatment of neurasthenia depends on its type. The fundamental point is to eliminate the causative factor of neurasthenia.

ICD-10

F48.0

General information

Treatment of neurasthenia

In the treatment of neurasthenia, great importance belongs to identifying the etiological factor under the influence of which it arose and, if possible, eliminating it. It is necessary to reduce the mental and physical stress on the patient and introduce a strict regime of work and rest. It is important to maintain a proper daily routine, going to bed and waking up at the same hours. Patients with neurasthenia benefit from walking before bedtime, fresh air, fortified food, and a change of environment. They are recommended rational psychotherapy and autogenic training.

General strengthening treatment is carried out, hopantenic acid, calcium glycerophosphate are prescribed, sometimes in combination with iron supplements. Bromine and caffeine are effective in individually selected dosages. Therapy for cardiovascular disorders is carried out with hawthorn tincture, valerian and motherwort preparations.

For the hypersthenic form of neurasthenia, tranquilizers are indicated: chlordiazepoxide, nitrazepam; for sleep disorders - sleeping pills: zopiclone, zolpidem. When treating the hyposthenic form of neurasthenia, small doses of diazepam, pyritinol, Eleutherococcus, and phenylpiracetam are used. They recommend coffee, strong tea, drugs with a tonic effect: ginseng, Chinese lemongrass, Manchurian aralia root, pantocrine.

For all forms of neurasthenia, thioridazine can be prescribed. In small doses, it acts as an antidepressant and has a stimulating effect on the nervous system, therefore it is used in the hyposthenic form. In large doses it exhibits a sedative effect, which makes it possible to use it in the treatment of the hypersthenic form.

Patients with neurasthenia are recommended to consult a physiotherapist to select effective physiotherapeutic methods for treating the disease. For neurasthenia, electrosleep, massage, reflexology, aromatherapy and other procedures can be used.

Forecast and prevention of neurasthenia

Neurasthenia has the most optimistic prognosis among all neuroses. However, there is often a transition to a chronic form that is difficult to treat.

The main thing in preventing the development of neurasthenia is maintaining the correct work and rest schedule, using relaxation techniques after nervous overstrain, and avoiding physical overload and stressful situations. A change in activity, complete disconnection from work, and active rest are important. In some cases, vacations and vacation trips help prevent the development of incipient neurosis.

Neurasthenia, or asthenic neurosis is a psychogenic disease of a neurotic level, the causes of which are prolonged exposure to psychotraumatic factors (negative environment at home or at work, unreasonable and constant anxiety, emotional overstrain), overfatigue (prolonged mental or physical overstrain). In the clinical picture of neurosis, the foreground comes asthenic syndrome characterized by increased fatigue and hypersensitivity to external irritating factors (light, sound, changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature, etc.), low mood, increased tearfulness and moodiness, loss of ability for prolonged intellectual and physical activity, loss of concentration and memory, feeling of powerlessness. After the course treatment of asthenic neurosis in most cases, neurasthenia goes away.

Symptoms of asthenic neurosis

First appeared symptoms of asthenic neurosis appear increased fatigue, combined with irritability, a constant desire for mental or physical activity, which occurs even in conditions favorable for rest (“fatigue, not seeking rest”). Over time, the reaction of irritability gives way to rapid exhaustion, fatigue, and extreme weakness.

People suffering asthenic neurosis, lose the ability to concentrate on any one thing, are constantly distracted, lose attention, as a result of which they express dissatisfaction with themselves. They are characterized by increased sensitivity and tearfulness, and again the emergence of anxiety. This condition is often combined with a characteristic headache(shingles – “neurotic helmet” syndrome). Constant drowsiness occurs or, conversely, sleep disturbances, autonomic disorders (often manifested by tachycardia), increased sweating , suffocation, dysfunction of the digestive, genitourinary and other systems. If vegetative symptoms are pronounced, then the patient experiences increased anxiety about his condition, constantly “listening” to the work of his body. In some cases there is weather dependence, contributing to strengthening symptoms of asthenic neurosis. Similar symptoms can occur with neurological, mental, thyroid diseases and other endocrinological disorders. If such symptoms are detected, you should undergo an adequate examination to differentiate neurasthenia from more severe diseases.

Unfortunately, nowadays the way of life, its rhythm and the growth of information flow have changed significantly, and therefore the number of people at risk for psycho-emotional disorders is growing rapidly. In many cases the reason chronic fatigue becomes neurasthenia.

Treatment of asthenic neurosis

Treatment of asthenic neurosis You should start by eliminating any stress, following a daily routine and diet, eliminating a traumatic situation, and carrying out general strengthening and health procedures.

To successfully treat asthenic neurosis, you should use various relaxation techniques -

relaxation,
meditation,
sessions of psycho-emotional relief.

Sports and water procedures, walks in the fresh air are useful.

To restore the psycho-emotional background, the use of sedatives plant origin based on blue cyanosis, valerian officinalis, motherwort, lemon balm, which have a beneficial effect on the central and autonomic nervous system. The biologically active complex Nervo-Vit based on blue cyanosis, the effect of which exceeds the effect of valerian by 8-10 times, will provide a long-lasting calming effect, and vitamin C, which enhances the effect of herbs and has an antioxidant effect, will slow down oxidative reactions in the body, thereby neutralizing the effect free radicals formed as a result of a traumatic situation and attacking the body's cells, disrupting their membrane membrane, which leads to premature cell death and slower regeneration. In addition, vitamin C helps increase stress resistance body. Biologically active complex Nervo-Vit, manufactured in an easy-to-use tablet form, using cryominding technology at ultra-low temperatures, preventing the loss of pharmacological properties of medicinal herbs that are lost during the preparation of decoctions, infusions or extracts.

Other drugs that have a sedative and calming effect, containing plant-based vitamin C are also useful - Valerian P and Motherwort P, also included in the “ Secrets of longevity", which received its name thanks to the innovative cryo-grinding technology.

If asthenic neurosis is accompanied by depressive disorders, then along with sedative herbs it is recommended to take St. John's wort P, based on St. John's wort, which has a pronounced antidepressant effect.

Complex therapy of asthenic neurosis would not be complete without the use of herbal adaptogens(Leuzea safflower, Eleutherococcus), allowing to restore and improve performance.

Preparations, Eleutherococcus P, biologically active complexes Leveton P (based on Leuzea) and Elton P (based on Eleutherococcus), which include apiproducts - pollen ,allowing you to replenish the body suffering from nervous exhaustion, valuable biologically active substances - amino acids, macro- and microelements, enzymes, vitamins, so necessary for the body to restore strength and performance under increased mental and physical stress. The biological activity of the leading substances in medicinal herbs and bee products in Leveton P and Elton P is enhanced by the action of vitamin C and vitamin E, which are powerful antioxidants.

To keep the body in good shape, taking vitamin complexes is recommended. based royal jelly (composed of about 120 useful substances, including 22 essential and essential amino acids, 15 groups of various microelements, up to 18% protein) and pollen (bee pollen) (28 types of various microelements, 20 amino acids), which also includes an antioxidant complex presented dihydroquercetin(standard antioxidant), vitamins C and E, the synergistic effect of which provides slowing down oxidative processes and preventing the destructive effects of free radicals in living cells of the body, protecting them from death and premature aging. Apitonus P is a general strengthening vitamin complex that can improve mood, keep the body in good shape, and significantly improve the quality of life.