Determination of candidiasis by passing a urine test for leukocytes. Can leukocytes be increased with thrush Thickening: general and local

Most of the world's population does not even suspect the presence of such a common ailment as thrush, or candidiasis. Men especially do not pay attention to such a disease, continuing to be carriers of infection for a long time. Not many people know how to determine the presence of a thrush disease, but such methods exist. One of these methods is the delivery of urine for leukocytes. Leukocytes with thrush will almost always be elevated, which indicates the body's fight against infection. We learn more about this from the material.

Signs and causes of candidiasis

Vaginal candidiasis is one of the most common ailments, manifesting itself clearly in women, and very weakly in men. It should be noted that the cases of manifestation of candidiasis in women and men are almost the same, only men are much less likely to visit medical specialists than women to a gynecologist.

The main factors of vaginal candidiasis are the symptoms of itching and burning in the vagina, as well as the occurrence of a curdled consistency that stands out from the perineum. Symptoms of itching and burning increase after taking a shower, sexual contact and during sleep. Women, upon detection of such symptoms, sooner or later turn to a doctor who makes a diagnosis and prescribes appropriate treatment. If you do not visit a doctor in a timely manner and self-medicate, then the urinary organs may be involved in the pathological process.

The reasons for the development of candidiasis are very diverse, but doctors call the weakening of the protective properties of the body the most common of them. A certain number of not only beneficial, but also pathogenic pests live in the human body. Candida fungus is no exception. When the immune system is functioning normally, the fungus predominates in a dormant form. As soon as the protective function is weakened in the body, the number of pathogenic microorganisms begins to prevail over beneficial bacteria. At this point, the Candida fungus begins to actively develop, leading, accordingly, to the onset of the disease. The following factors also influence the development of candidiasis:

Infectious diseases of a chronic form;
The period of pregnancy during which the female body is more vulnerable.

It is very difficult to protect yourself from the occurrence of thrush, therefore, if it occurs, you should immediately resort to treatment. Untimely treatment of thrush can contribute to the development of serious complications of the reproductive system, including infertility.

A smear on the flora with thrush

To diagnose candidiasis, the specialist relies not only on the clinical symptoms of the disease, but also on the results of relevant tests. One of the most common types of tests to determine the signs of candidiasis is taking a smear on the flora. The effectiveness of this method for diagnosing the disease is 95%. With thrush, the growth of leukocytes in a smear is appropriate, which indicates the inclusion of protective properties in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms.

Women should visit the gynecologist as often as possible, but this must be done once every six months.

The absence of symptoms of candidiasis does not mean at all that a woman does not have signs of the disease. Passing a smear on the flora allows the gynecologist to obtain accurate information about the state of the reproductive system. When taking a smear on the flora, a woman needs to undergo some preparation:

A few days before the smear, you need to exclude any sexual contact with partners;
Exclude douching 2 days before contacting a specialist;
Stop using suppositories, tablets and creams;
Avoid urination a couple of hours before going to the doctor;
Wash with water without the use of soap and other chemicals.

It is recommended to visit a specialist immediately after the end of menstruation or immediately before they should begin. To take a smear from the urethra, they resort to the use of a Volkmann spoon. From the vagina, the sampling is carried out using a sterile swab, and from the cervix - with an Eyre spatula. The essence of such an analysis is to count the number of various microorganisms and leukocytes. Leukocytes in a smear with thrush are determined by highlighting them with special dyes.

The number of leukocytes is prescribed in the test results. The normalized value of leukocytes depends on where the material was taken from. Normal values for the number of leukocytes for various sampling sites are:

In urine, their number is from 0 to 10;
In the vagina - from 0 to 15;
In the cervical canal - from 0 to 30;

During pregnancy, the number of leukocytes can be increased to a value of 15-20. In addition, the following components can be found in the analysis:

Slime;
Areas of squamous epithelium;
lactobacilli;
Leptothrix;
Gram-negative bacteria.

Normally, Candida fungi may not be detected when taking tests, but if their number increases, then the doctor diagnoses thrush.

What does an increased number of leukocytes in the urine indicate?

To diagnose candidiasis the specialist may refer the patient for urinalysis. With inflammation, an increased value of leukocytes is found. Leukocytes in the urine with thrush also increase, and therefore, the more acute the disease, the greater the number of these white cells.

Leukocytes in thrush in the urine precede the fact that the body is actively fighting the infection. The number of white blood cells increases in the blood, and through the bloodstream they are distributed throughout the body. These bodies spread and penetrate into the mucous membranes of various organs, as well as into the urine.

A high number of leukocytes in the blood is very dangerous when carrying a child. This is due to the fact that the mother has the same blood flow with the child, so there is a risk of intrauterine infection of the fetus. During the period of bearing a baby, women should take a smear on the flora regularly. If an increased number of leukocytes is detected, the doctor prescribes appropriate treatment.

If you do not promptly resort to the treatment of candidiasis, then the likelihood of serious complications increases.

What diseases lead to an increase in leukocytes in the urine

An increase in white blood cells in the urine due to candidiasis is not always appropriate. After all, their high value may indicate the development of ailments of the reproductive female system. The main reasons for the increase in the number of leukocytes in the urine are:

Inflammatory actions developing in the urethra. This disease is called urethritis;
Malignant neoplasms;

If there is suspicion of the presence of candidiasis, but there are no corresponding symptoms, then a decision is made to conduct a colposcopy. The disadvantage of this method is the fact that the possibility of determining the pathogen is excluded.

Therapeutic treatment of the disease

If the disease "thrush" is diagnosed, then the doctor approaches the treatment of this disease in a complex way. The basis of complex treatment is the following actions:

Prescribed drugs that help restore the functioning of the protective function of the body.
The use of drugs to eliminate the occurrence of local symptoms of the disease. For this, douching is prescribed, vaginal suppositories, tablets, ointments are used.
Therapeutic treatment of candidiasis with drugs.
The use of drugs from the category of traditional medicine. It is especially important to carry out such treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding, when chemical exposure can harm the fetus.

Therapeutic measures are based on eliminating the Candida fungus. It is almost impossible to completely remove the fungus from the body, so it is important to deal with the disease at the first symptoms of its manifestation. If the drugs prescribed by the doctor do not have a positive effect, then the specialist must prescribe a new treatment regimen.

Preventive actions

In order not to become a victim of thrush, the occurrence of this disease must be prevented by all possible means. Many of the presence of such methods are not even aware, therefore, they become victims of such an insidious disease. A number of basic preventive measures to prevent the development of candidiasis include:

Constantly work on strengthening immunity;
Treat and promptly detect infectious diseases of the reproductive system;
During sexual intercourse, contraceptives should be used;
Follow a proper diet, but at the same time do not exclude important nutrients from the diet, which are also carbohydrates;
Increase the level of beneficial bacteria in the body by consuming fermented milk products;
Wear natural underwear, not synthetic;
For intimate hygiene, use only special preparations that do not contain additives and dyes.

Strengthen immunity

Consume dairy products

If a woman who has become ill with candidiasis has a permanent sexual partner, then it is also important for him to undergo treatment. In most cases, men are carriers of thrush without knowing it.

Biologists have reliably established that the number of bacteria, microbes, viruses and other microorganisms living in the human body at a time exceeds the number of its own cells. And not all representatives of this flora are harmless. As long as people are healthy and in a good mood, the balance of good and pathogenic microflora is maintained. But as soon as a failure occurs in the body, the immune system weakens and pests begin to prevail over beneficial microbes. Actively multiplying, they become the cause of many dysfunctions, pathologies and diseases. One of these ailments is thrush, which is also known as candidiasis (a common infection that affects people of any gender and age). The reasons for its appearance, varieties, methods of treatment, preventive measures, as well as other features, will be discussed in this article.

What will the article tell you?

Thrush

The causative agent of candidiasis are unicellular microorganisms Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans. Scientists classify them as imperfect yeast-like fungi. They are present in almost all people as part of the intestinal, oral and vaginal (in women) microflora. Their presence is not dangerous. Only excessively active reproduction of unicellular organisms leads to the development of pathogenic processes in the body, which can be caused by a number of factors. They will be discussed in more detail below.

Causes

Many people are interested in the question: “At what age can thrush appear?”. Doctors say that this disease affects people of all age categories, including the elderly, infants and unborn children. This means that no one is immune from candidiasis. The main reasons for its occurrence are:

On the Internet, you can see what thrush looks like on the body, mucous membranes and human organs, as well as how the process of its development goes. This disease is localized in almost any tissues, organs and affects most of the major systems of the human body.

Varieties

In medical practice, candidiasis is distinguished by the form of the course:

Surface. It includes lesions of the skin (candidiasis under the breast in women is considered quite common, and candidiasis on the scrotum is common in men), mucous membranes and nail plates. It can take the form of a whitish plaque (for which it is called thrush), erosion, and also pustular formations.
Systemic. Internal organs are affected. Women are prone to uterine candidiasis, in men, the prostate can be attacked by fungi. Representatives of both sexes are prone to heart, lung and intestinal disease (candidiasis is present in the feces). In this case, a person may not have diarrhea for several days in a row.
sepsis. The most dangerous form. It is caused by infection in the circulatory system, which spreads it throughout the body. In the case of the development of this form of the disease, the disease can end in extremely serious consequences, up to death.

Also, the disease is classified depending on the location:

Thrush in the intimate area. Refers to urogenital diseases. It affects the genitals (both external and internal) and the urinary system.
In the mouth. The fungus can be localized on the mucous membrane (stomatitis) and on the lips (heipitis).
On the nail plates and adjacent tissues. This includes diseases of the feet, hands, palms and skin folds.
On the internal organs. This pathology is collectively called visceral. It is found in the intestines, on the heart, lungs, and even on the lining of the brain.

How is it detected

To date, the most effective method for confirming the presence of infection is laboratory diagnosis. The doctor may assume the existence of the disease by its characteristic signs and symptoms, but for the final confirmation of the diagnosis it is necessary:

Take a blood test for candidiasis. For research, biomaterial is taken from a vein. The presence of certain antibodies in it indicates the development of the disease. PCR diagnostics is usually performed.
Bring morning urine. Indirectly confirms dysbacteriosis in the intestine.
Make a sowing for candidiasis. Shows the sensitivity of bacteria to a particular type of drug. Based on the results, treatment is prescribed.
Swab or scraping. Taken from the site of infection. Leukocytes with thrush in it will be elevated. This is typical for almost all inflammatory processes in the body.

Additional tests, such as immunological tests and detailed analyzes of organs affected by the infection, may be prescribed to effectively combat thrush.

Can candidiasis be cured?

Medicine has an unequivocal answer - it is possible, but this is a very difficult process that requires an integrated approach and discipline from the patient. It includes drug therapy (local for mild illness and general for more severe forms), diet (especially important for damage to the organs of the gastrointestinal tract), restoration of beneficial microflora, taking vitamin-mineral complexes and strengthening immunity. The main symptoms during treatment are eliminated quickly and effectively (within two to three days) with the help of new generation drugs. Traditional therapy takes a little longer (from a week), it includes the following set of measures:

Use of ointments and creams. Actual in the case of external manifestations of the disease.
Reception of antimycotic and antibiotic drugs. The doctor selects the schemes of use and types of medicines individually for each patient, taking into account his physiological characteristics. In severe cases, droppers may be indicated.
Normalization of intestinal microflora. It is achieved by taking pro- and prebiotics (beneficial bacteria and substances that contribute to their active reproduction).
Strengthening immunity. For this, receptions of immunomodulators, multivitamins and hardening are shown.
Rejection of bad habits. Alcohol and tobacco smoking inhibit the protective functions of the body.
Diet. The diet of the patient should be rich in natural products. Preference is given to fresh vegetables and fruits, honey (unless allergic thrush is diagnosed), lean meat, poultry, fish, cereals and dairy products.

Quite often, thrush can be accompanied by other infectious diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases. This is especially true if the infection is localized in the pelvic organs. In this case, the treatment system for chlamydia and candidiasis is selected by a dermatovenereologist, urologist or gynecologist individually, depending on the combination of infections and the physiological characteristics of the patient.

Many people who have directly encountered this disease ask the question: “Does the absence of an appendix affect candidiasis?” Most experts tend to believe that it is not (but there are individuals who hold the opposite opinion). In fact, science still does not reliably know the purpose of this organ, and many consider it the only useless one in the body. This is also the main argument in favor of the fact that it has nothing to do with the excessive activity of Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans, which cause illness.

For those who are interested in learning how to cure thrush without drugs, the most effective herbs used for this purpose in traditional medicine will be given below:

Chamomile. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
Calendula. It has a bactericidal and disinfecting effect.
upland uterus. Prevents the appearance and development of neoplasms (including malignant ones).
St. John's wort. Excellent heals ulcers and erosion.
Propolis. Powerful antimicrobial agent. It can be used in pure form and in the form of additives.

Herbs can be used both in the form of alcoholic infusions, and simply by brewing, and using them instead of tea. For women, it is important to use tampons soaked in decoction. Traditional medicine believes that herbal medicine is not able to cope with the disease on its own, but encourages its use as a complementary treatment.

Thrush after caesarean section. How to treat

The body of pregnant women is designed in such a way that after the conception of the fetus, it automatically weakens the immune system to prevent its rejection. This contributes to the development of many diseases and the activation of dormant infections. Candidiasis and herpes are one of them. On top of that, pregnant women begin to actively change the hormonal background, which is also fertile ground for the development of pathogenic microflora. Therefore, thrush in pregnant women and women in labor is a very common occurrence. Due to the presence of a threat to the baby, most of the drugs that are used to treat ordinary people are not available to the mother. But for women in labor, including after a caesarean section, there are special medications that are harmless to the baby. They are prescribed in the form of ointments and creams. A solution of potassium permanganate can also be shown locally. If the baby is breastfed, it is advisable to undergo treatment for both, in order to avoid re-infection.

Preventive measures

Any disease is much easier to prevent than to treat it later. This will be confirmed by any qualified medical specialist. Before asking the question: “Is it possible to cure chronic thrush”, you should think about measures to prevent this disease. Below are the main methods:

Healthy lifestyle. Quitting alcohol and smoking, regular physical activity and adequate physical activity, as well as good sleep help strengthen the immune system and increase the body's defenses.
Proper nutrition. Regular consumption of fermented milk products, as well as fresh vegetables and fruits, has a beneficial effect on maintaining a healthy intestinal microflora.
Hygiene. The use of bactericidal soap, special gels for intimate areas, as well as frequent change of linen (including bedding) prevent the growth of bacteria.
Selectivity in choosing a sexual partner. Among other things, unprotected sex and kissing can cause infection. Integrity in relationships and protection during sexual intercourse will help to avoid infection with candida and more.

If you still suffer from this misfortune, do not panic. First of all, you should immediately contact the relevant competent specialist. Candidiasis, even in its advanced state, can be treated. Doctors will definitely help you and cure thrush forever. Reviews of former patients of outpatient clinics, published in large numbers on the pages of specialized Internet resources, confirm this.

Intraductal papilloma of the mammary gland is a papillary growth of a benign nature, formed from the epithelium of the ducts of the female organ. In another way, it is called papillary cystadenoma or cystadenopapilloma.

Pathology develops regardless of age. Teenage girls, young women, and elderly patients who have already stopped menstruating turn to doctors. Statistics show that cystadenomas in mammology account for about 10% of common oncological diseases.

In appearance, cystadenopapilloma resembles a cystic formation. Her body is easily injured. Damage is accompanied by the release of bloody fluid into the excretory ducts and its exit out of the nipple. At the location of the tumor, hemorrhages and tissue necrosis occur. Multiple papillomas formed in the mammary gland often undergo the process of malignancy (rebirth).

The classification of papillomas in the mammary gland is represented by the following types of neoplasms:

papillary cystadenomas that can form on any part of the ductal system (starting from the nipple and ending with ductal-lobular structural elements). Depending on the place of localization, they are divided into peripheral, central and areolar.
Intraductal growths are single, or solitary and multiple. Their diametrical value varies from a few millimeters to 2 cm. Solitary tumors are formed in the subareolar region, and multiple ones often affect areas located near the periphery of the gland.
Multiple intraductal papillomas are characterized by a high risk of degeneration into an intracystic or intraductal form of breast cancer.

Basophils are lowered, the causes of basopenia

Vaginal candidiasis is one of the most common ailments, manifesting itself clearly in women, and very weakly in men. It should be noted that the cases of manifestation of candidiasis in women and men are almost the same, only men are much less likely to visit medical specialists than women to a gynecologist.

Normal leukocytes in a smear from the urethra do not exceed 10 units in the field of view, from the cervix - do not exceed 30 units, from the vagina - do not exceed 15 units.

An increased content of leukocytes in a smear may indicate bacterial infections (gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis, syphilis, genital tuberculosis, chlamydia and others), trichomoniasis, HIV, herpes, papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus, candidiasis, dysbacteriosis, allergies, irritation of the genital organs and elementary non-compliance with hygiene rules before taking the material.

The normal content of leukocytes in the urine of men is 5-7 units per field of view, in women - 7-10 units per field of view. An increase in the content of leukocytes in the urine above the specified norm is called leukocyturia in medicine.

Its cause can be both non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, and serious diseases (inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract, urolithiasis, tuberculosis, carbuncle of the kidney, systemic lupus erythematosus and others).

The condition when there are few basophils in the blood (up to 0.01 106 / l) is called basopenia. The reasons why there are few basophils in the blood may be as follows:

hyperthyroidism;
acute infections;
ovulation, pregnancy;
Cushing's disease;
taking corticosteroids;
severe stress.

Dysbacteriosis of the vagina (bacterial vaginosis).

Inflammatory phenomena in the vagina due to dysbacteriosis reach 60%. Inflammation occurs due to the mass reproduction of opportunistic flora: gardnerella, strepto-and staphylococci, Escherichia coli, fungi, etc.
Causes of vaginal dysbiosis:
- violation or change in the hormonal status of a woman (puberty, pregnancy, miscarriage, menopause, endocrine diseases);

Increased white blood cells in a smear in women, causes

Physiological reasons for an increase in leukocytes in a smear can be:
- pregnancy;
- the period before menstruation (several days before the onset of menstruation).
A slight increase in "calm" (with undestroyed nuclei, without signs of phagocytosis) leukocytes (up to 35 - 40) at this time is considered the norm.

The reason for the increase in leukocytes in a smear in women may be sexually transmitted infections (STIs):

Bacterial infections (their pathogens):

Gonorrhea (gonococci).
- Syphilis (spirochete pallidum = tryponema pallidum).
- Chlamydia (chlamydia trochomatis).
- Urogenital mycoplasmosis (mycoplasma, ureaplasma urealiticum).
- Tuberculosis of the female genital organs (tuberculosis bacillus Koch).
It occurs in 18 - 25% of women with chronic inflammatory diseases.
- Inguinal granuloma (Klebsiella).

Trichomoniasis (trichomoniasis).
Among women who have an active sex life, the incidence reaches 60 - 70%.

HIV.
- Genital herpes HSV-2.
- Papillomaviruses.
- Cytomegalovirus.

Candidiasis (thrush).
- Actinomycetes.

Inflammations leading to an increase in leukocytes in a smear in women also occur for reasons not related to STIs (these infections are not present).

The rate of leukocytes in the urine during pregnancy

Such analyzes become the most relevant for women during pregnancy: according to the results of tests to determine the number of leukocytes, specialists can timely establish any “malfunctions” in the work of the future mother’s body.

As a rule, to check the quantitative value of leukocytes during the bearing of a baby, they resort to a urine test: a woman takes the appropriate tests regularly from the moment pregnancy is determined.

Urinalysis during pregnancy is a mandatory procedure for all women, which is carried out with a certain regularity, with each visit to the consultation. So, in the first trimester, a urine test is done 1 time in 3-4 weeks, in the second trimester - 1 time in 2 weeks, in the last stages - once a week.

For analysis, morning urine is collected in a sterile jar - you can simply wash the container well with a brush and laundry soap, and then let it dry naturally, or you can purchase a sterile container at a pharmacy. The first drops of urine are not collected, but go down the toilet, while the rest of the norm is sent to the container. Before collecting urine, a toilet of the genital organs is mandatory.

Urine should be delivered to the laboratory no later than 1-1.5 from the moment the urine was taken for analysis.

When studying urine, a specialist pays attention to its multiple indicators and characteristics, including determining the presence and concentration of leukocytes. The level of leukocytes in the body of a pregnant woman is already initially slightly increased - this is due to increased protective properties as a result of a high antigenic load on the body of a future mother.

Normally, the level of leukocytes during pregnancy can range from 0 to 3 units.

But a sharp increase in the number of leukocytes in the urine may indicate the presence of a disease: this is why regular tests for pregnant women are so important. An increased number of leukocytes, established in time, makes it possible to determine, with the help of additional examinations, the cause of their increase, that is, the disease, and to conduct adequate treatment.

But it should be noted that an increased level of leukocytes can be detected in urine due to insufficient hygiene, and therefore, before taking the tests, it is necessary to prepare accordingly and carry out the necessary “water” procedures.

The presence of an increased number of leukocytes can be judged by the pregnant woman herself by the color of the urine: it becomes cloudy and dark, a slimy loose sediment falls out in the urine. Such analyzes indicate an increased leukocyte count, and if emergency methods are not taken to detect the focus of the disease, a threatening condition, leukocytosis, may develop.

The danger of leukocytosis lies in the fact that this disease develops extremely rapidly: sometimes two hours are enough for leukocytosis to settle in the body of a pregnant woman. It happens that the development of this disease is preceded by severe bleeding.

Signs of intraductal papilloma of the breast and methods of its treatment

Benign tumors of the mammary glands should not be considered not dangerous to health. Some of them, such as intraductal papilloma, under certain circumstances, degenerate into cancer, so the treatment of such formations must be carried out in a timely manner.

What is an intraductal papilloma of the breast?

Intraductal papilloma is an outgrowth formed from the epithelial cells of the mammary ducts of the mammary gland. This benign neoplasm has other names - cystadenopapilloma, papillary cystadenoma.

Visually, the papilloma located inside the duct is similar to cystic growth; in advanced cases, zones of necrosis and areas with hemorrhages are detected around the tumor. Inside the papilloma there is a secret with blood, the walls of this formation are quite fragile and therefore any, even the most insignificant injury, can lead to their damage.

Injury to the tumor ends with the release of an ichor from the nipple or even a large amount of blood.

Intraductal papilloma can be solitary (solitary) or a woman has multiple cystic growths in the milk ducts. A large number of papillomas increases the risk of their degeneration into a malignant tumor.

The dimensions of the intraductal papilloma vary greatly, in some patients during the examination they find a formation of several millimeters, in others there is a growth of papilloma up to several centimeters.

In the photo, the removed intraductal papilloma of the mammary gland

Papillomas located in the depths of the mammary gland do not change the external shape of the breast; it is possible to understand that atypical changes occur in the mammary gland only by the appearance of various discharges from the nipple itself.

There are no age restrictions for the possible formation of papillomas in the ducts of the mammary glands. Often this pathology is detected in adolescent girls and in women who have entered the postmenopausal period.

But still, most of all with intraductal papillomas, women are detected after 40 years of age, after this age, natural changes occur in the breast, increasing the risk of any neoplasms.

Reasons for development

What tests does a gynecologist take?

The first blood test, which is most often prescribed after the general one, is a biochemical one. This analysis helps to detect tumor markers.

The indicators for each patient are individual, therefore, several studies are assigned in order to be able to trace the dynamics. Such an analysis will help determine the presence, size of the tumor and its localization, the rate of progression.

If the disease is confirmed, the patient is assigned a biopsy, ultrasound and other necessary studies.

If the indicators are not normal and there is doubt about the result, conduct a control study in another laboratory. Elevated and decreased values do not always indicate the presence of a tumor.

Leukocytes in cancer can constantly change and it is simply impossible to judge the presence of a dangerous disease by them. The rate of leukocytes for each is different, there are certain indicators, but they can also vary from some conditions and characteristics of the patient's life.

Appeal to a competent specialist doctor and timely detection of the disease is the key to a favorable outcome of the situation.

Candidiasis and gardnerellosis are visible in a regular smear (the usual one is a slang term for a bacterioscopic study, emphasizing that this is not a culture or PCR, but does not mean that the study is simple, and it can be done by any laboratory assistant on any swab taken by someone unknown.

A lot depends on the quality of the smear. In particular, gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis) is not diagnosed in all laboratories, often it is written with him that the smear is normal, since leukocytes are not elevated.

If the smear is “normal”, but there are complaints, it is worth redoing it in a more respectable place.

Gonococci and Trichomonas are also visible in a regular smear, but these are too serious diseases to make a mistake with them, therefore, if infection with sexually transmitted diseases is suspected, the usual smear is duplicated by PCR on them.

CMV and papillomavirus are not diagnosed by this method (CMV - by antibodies in the blood, papillomavirus - clinically, by eye) and do not matter for the complaints under consideration.

Ureaplasma and mycoplasma are conditional pathogens. Their importance in obstetrics and gynecology is highly controversial. At the present time, some doctors believe that ureaplasma and mycoplasma have no clinical significance in gynecology, while others argue that in the light of pregnancy planning, they must be diagnosed and treated without fail. This issue is best discussed with your doctor.

In bacteriological culture, only those microbes that grow in an oxygen environment (aerobic) can be sown. That. it may happen that in the presence of complaints and inflammatory changes in the smear and PCR and culture will be negative, since the infection is caused by an anaerobic pathogen. In this case, a negative test result is also a result for a competent doctor.

Microorganisms that have grown in culture in titers of less than 106 CFU cannot be considered proven causative agents of existing complaints and do not require treatment. The usual microflora of the human body (epidermal staphylococcus, lactobacilli) grown in sowing does not require treatment. If STDs (gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydia) are detected, treatment is mandatory, regardless of complaints.

Therapeutic treatment of the disease

The main component of the treatment regimen in gynecology is an antibiotic. The causative agent of an infection is a microbe, an antibiotic is a drug that kills a microbe or stops its reproduction.

All other drugs, when included in the scheme, are AUXILIARY COMPONENTS, i.e. are aimed not at treating the underlying disease, but at preventing adverse reactions and increasing the tolerance of the main drug, to support the body and psychotherapy, as well as to increase the solidity and cost of the regimen. Infections are treated with antibiotics (antimicrobials).

Only antibiotics.

Common mistakes in prescribing antibiotics for inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs:

Monotherapy. This refers to the appointment of schemes that do not cover the entire spectrum of possible pathogens, but are directed only against a specific one identified in PCR or seeding. So beloved by all studies to determine sensitivity to antibiotics, righteous anger “I was assigned a scheme at random without doing research”, “what I am being treated for, what inflammation means, who lives there specifically” - you also encounter such claims daily. And there are doctors who speculate on this desire to know the mathematical truth and prescribe schemes specifically based on the results of crops, without covering the full range of possible, and not just identified, pathogens. There is no mathematics in medicine, the identified microbe does not always mean that it is the pathogen, that there are no other pathogens that the tests did not reveal. And you can’t cut the schemes according to the identified pathogens, the scheme must necessarily include an anti-chlamydial drug and a drug against anaerobes, even if all this is not found in the analyzes. Those. schemes are selected empirically.
Insufficient doses and courses of antibacterial drugs. Everything is clear here. Pseudo-care and shortening of the course to 5 days, insufficient frequency of taking the drug - and that’s all, you got all the side effects of antibiotics, there is no direct effect - the complete destruction of the pathogen. The infection remained and became resistant to the drugs used. Now it needs to be treated with something else, and the body is weakened by the first treatment, and you again feel sorry for yourself (or the doctor for you), and again the scheme is shortened, and again everything is in vain. Then they tell you that "in fact, chlamydia is rarely completely cured, let's better raise your immunity."
Refusal of antibiotic therapy. Passion for immunocorrection, the use of digestive enzyme preparations (enzyme therapy) and other methods with unproven and dubious effectiveness often replaces the basis of infection treatment - antibiotic therapy.
Treatment of only one partner. Treatment is always prescribed to all partners, according to the results of the worst analysis (i.e. if a woman has purulent discharge, leukocytes in a smear are increased, and a man has nothing and PCR “for everything” is negative - he is assigned the same scheme as her, except for vaginal remedies.) Therefore, there is no point in examining a partner if nothing bothers him himself. He still needs to be treated, and if he gets negative test results, it will be even more difficult to persuade him to do so.

And finally, remember: gynecological infections are successfully treated!

The phrase that it is “not cured at all” only turns into a chronic form - a lie. Infections are treated. The inefficiency of previous regimens requires a thorough investigation in order not to repeat mistakes, to identify places where the rules of rational antibiotic therapy were violated, and to conduct a new course wisely.

based on materials from the website of the gynecologist Malyarskaya M.M.

Infections in gynecology. STD.

Based on the materials of the publishing house MediaMedica (http://www.consilium-medicum.com)

based on materials from the site http://www.antibiotic.ru/

12.04.2017

Conducting a gynecological study on the microflora of the vagina makes it possible to determine the presence of possible inflammatory processes in the genital area.

If everything is normal, then the vagina should contain rod flora and a single number of leukocytes. talking aboutleukocytes in a smear, then normally the indicator should not exceed 15.

If the figure turned out to be higher, then this indicates the development of sexual infections or various pathological processes, including thrush.

If there is suspicion of candidiasis , then the woman has symptoms indicative of the disease. It is necessary to know not only what symptoms are with thrush, but what are the causes of its occurrence and what the disease looks like in general.

First of all, it should be noted that with thrush, a woman can have a wide variety of symptoms, depending on the location and stage of the disease. But how the disease will look will depend entirely and entirely on its form.

Candidiasis fungus can be oval or round in shape. It reproduces by budding, but may have its own tendency to form spores. With vaginal thrush, a woman can observe the usual mucous discharge at the initial stage.

If you do not start timely treatment, the discharge becomes "curd" and turns white. The woman begins to experience discomfort, as against the background of the discharge, a strong burning sensation or itching may also appear. In some cases, discomfort becomes stronger during urination or smoking.

It must be remembered that in some cases there are no symptoms, so takeleukocytes in thrushwill be an excellent way to identify the disease. The body of any person is unique, it can survive the disease in its own way and fight it.

If a woman has a disease such as candidiasis, she will have to forget about intimate life. If the thrush is in an advanced stage, without carrying out the necessary treatment, then the consequences of the disease can be very deplorable. In some cases, in the presence of thrush, a woman notices bloody discharge from the vagina in the intervals between menstruation.

What does high white blood cells mean?

High the leukocyte count in the blood should be considered in conjunction with the bacterial flora of the vagina.

A negative smear can be of two types:

the number of leukocytes is 30-40, the flora is mostly coccal;
a high rate of leukocytes, the absence of lectobacilli, a variety of microorganisms can be found in the microflora, gonococci and Trichomonas can be isolated.

Conducting a direct smear on the flora is not able to determine the main causes of high leukocytes and changes in the microflora. At the same time, it indicates the presence of inflammatory diseases in the genital organs.

If a increased leukocytes, to diagnose possible diseases, it is necessary to undergo additional laboratory tests - smears for oncocytology and bacterial culture, blood for the presence of hidden infectious diseases in the body. To determine the condition of the endometrium, it is recommended to undergo a colposcopy.

Causes of elevated leukocytes

Leukocytosis indicates the presence of an inflammatory process in the body. An increased number of leukocytes in a smear in a woman indicates the presence of diseases of the reproductive system, which can be classified as follows:

nonspecific: staphylococcus aureus, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, candidiasis;
infectious and viral: HIV, syphilis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, herpes, gonorrhea;
inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs and lower parts: parametritis, endometritis, endocervicitis, vulvitis, colpitis, cervicitis.

If we talk about the course of diseases, then they can have an acute stage or chronic, which proceeds without symptoms.

Elevated white blood cells during pregnancy

As a result of hormonal changes in the body, an increased level of leukocytes is observed in the vaginal microflora of a woman during pregnancy. At the same time, normally it should not exceed more than 20 leukocytes in a smear.

If during pregnancy the smear turned out to be negative, then this may indicate the presence of inflammatory processes in the reproductive system and the need for additional examinations.

Elevated leukocytes in the presence of pregnancy indicate the presence of cervicitis, thrush, the causes of which are a violation of the usual lifestyle, changes in the hormonal background, fatigue and stress.

The use of drugs for treatment

If inflammatory processes in the genital area have been diagnosed, then it is recommended to use the following methods of treatment:

the use of antiseptic agents for douching the vagina: potassium permanganate, chlorhexidine, miramistin;
the use of vaginal antibacterial suppositories: "Viferon", "Terzhinan", "Hexicon", "Genferon";
in the presence of candidiasis, it is recommended to take oral antifungal drugs, such as Flucostat and Fluconazole.

If the patient has infectious diseases, treatment involves the introduction of intravenous antibacterial agents, including: "Metronidazole", "Ciprinol", "Ornidazole". Together with this, antiseptics for douching are prescribed. After the end of therapy, it is recommended to undergo a course of rehabilitation treatment, which is directed to the colonization of useful vaginal bacteria with the help of eubiotics: Vagilak, Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin.

It is important to know that of the above medications, it is necessary to take only on the recommendation of a doctor. With self-treatment with antibacterial drugs, various side effects may occur.

Treatment with traditional medicine

In the presence of inflammatory diseases, it is recommended to douche every day with such decoctions as:

a tablespoon of flowers of calendula, chamomile, nettle (optional) pour a cup of water, wait for it to boil, remove from heat and let it brew for 30 minutes. Before using the decoction for douching, it is recommended to strain it through gauze or a sieve;
chop 6 cloves of garlic and pour one and a half liters of boiling water, let stand overnight, then strain and use for douching;
mince two cloves of garlic and pour in 2 cups of hot water. Add 1.5 tablespoon of apple cider vinegar, stir and strain;
in the presence of thrush: mix 1 dose of dry bifidumbacterin with a spoonful of tea water and petroleum jelly. It is recommended to soak the tampon with the promised ointment and insert it into the vagina for ten hours. The duration of treatment is 7-10 days.

Sequelae of an inflammatory disease

If during the test an increase in leukocytes in the blood was found, then this indicates the presence of infectious or inflammatory diseases, and most of them may not have any symptoms.

Determination of the cause with its subsequent elimination should be carried out instantly. Otherwise, the woman may have health problems.

As a result of inflammatory processes, the following consequences may occur:

uterine fibroids;
adhesive processes that cause infertility;
disruptions in the menstrual cycle;
oncology;
endometriosis;
complications during pregnancy;
ectopic pregnancy;
infertility.

For the purpose of prevention, as well as the subsequent determination of diseases of the organs of the reproductive system, it is recommended to visit a gynecologist for examination every six months. This will allow you to determine the disease in a timely manner and begin its rapid treatment.

Conclusion

With thrush, there is an increase in leukocytes in the blood. This is what you need to know during the test.

If you suspect the first signs of thrush in yourself, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor, because the lack of timely treatment can cause serious health consequences. Take care of your health, do not neglect timely visits to doctors.

At each visit to the gynecologist during the examination, tests are necessarily taken from the urogenital tract, regardless of whether the woman has complaints or not. A smear on the flora displays not only beneficial, opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria, but also leukocytes.

Often, it is the elevated leukocytes in a smear in women that indicate some kind of malfunction in the body, it requires finding out the cause of this condition, and, of course, treatment. It is important to remember that no self-treatment will help to cope with the problem, and sometimes it can lead to negative consequences.

Briefly about leukocytes

Leukocytes are white blood cells that protect the body from all types of harmful agents (bacteria, viruses, etc.). That is, the main function of leukocytes is the implementation of the protection of the body, both specific, for example, from a certain type of microorganisms, and nonspecific or general.

The concentration of leukocytes increases in areas of inflammation, where they capture and digest foreign agents. In the case of a large accumulation of pathogenic agents, white blood cells increase significantly in size and begin to break down. The process of destruction of leukocytes is accompanied by a local inflammatory reaction: edema and hyperemia of the damaged area, an increase in local temperature.

smear on flora

A swab for flora, as already mentioned, is taken from a woman at every visit to the antenatal clinic, that is, every six months, if the patient has complaints, and also after a long course of antibiotics, when planning pregnancy, during gestation and after childbirth. During pregnancy, a smear for microflora (in the absence of complaints) is examined three times: upon registration, before maternity leave (30 weeks) and at 36 weeks.

Preparation for the delivery of the analysis

In order for the results of a smear on the flora to be reliable, it is necessary to prepare in advance for the test:

for 1 - 2 days to exclude sexual contact;
douching is not allowed 2 days before the visit to the doctor;
it is forbidden to use candles, tablets and creams at least a day in advance;
a smear is not taken during menstruation, since menstruation changes the composition of the smear;
2-3 hours before visiting the gynecologist, refrain from urinating;
should be washed on the eve of the reception, with warm water without soap.

If a woman is preparing for a preventive examination, then it is advisable to schedule a visit to the gynecologist in the first days after menstruation or before they begin.

Sampling and testing procedure

In a gynecological smear, the composition of the microflora of the contents of the urethra, vagina and cervix is determined.

The material is taken with sterile disposable instruments. A swab is taken from the urethra with a bacteriological loop or a Volkmann spoon, from the vagina (posterior fornix) with a sterile gauze swab, and from the cervix with an Eyre spatula.

Symbols are indicated on the slides:

U - smear taken from the urethra;
C - smear from the cervix;
V - smear from the vagina.

After the glasses are dry, they are sent to the laboratory for analysis. Laboratory assistants stain smears with special dyes (according to Gram), then examine them under a microscope. During the analysis, leukocytes and various opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria are counted, which are stained in different colors.

Deciphering smear analysis

The data that is indicated in the smear analysis:

Leukocytes

The rate of leukocytes depends on the place from which the smear was taken. Their content is normally small. In the urethra, the number of leukocytes is 0 - 5 - 10, in the vagina their concentration corresponds to 0 - 10 - 15, and in the cervical canal from 0 to 30.

During pregnancy, the content of leukocytes increases slightly and can range from 15 to 20 (in the vagina) in the field of view.

squamous epithelium

The squamous epithelium lines the vagina, urethra and cervical canal. In normal smears, the number of epithelial cells ranges from 5 to 10. With the disappearance of the epithelium (0 cells in the field of view), they speak of atrophy of the mucous membrane, and in the case of an increase in epithelial cells, inflammation.

Slime

Lactobacilli or Doderlein sticks

Normal smears are characterized by a large content of them in the vagina, while they are absent in the cervix and urethra. With a decrease in the number of lactic acid bacteria, they speak of.

Yeast

Mushrooms of the genus Candida are normally absent at all three points of swab sampling, but their single presence in the vagina is allowed. An increase in yeast-like fungi indicates thrush.

"Key" cells

They are conglomerates of squamous epithelial cells and bacteria - gardnerella. Normally absent, the presence of such cells is a sign of gardnerellosis or bacterial vaginosis.

Leptothrix

Refers to anaerobic (living without air) gram-negative bacteria, often found in mixed infections, such as thrush and bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis and chlamydia. If these bacteria are detected in a smear, an extended analysis for sexual infections is indicated.

Other

Mobilunkus - also refers to anaerobic microorganisms and is present in candidiasis or bacterial vaginosis.
Trichomonas - refers to the simplest, normally they are absent in the smear.
Gonococci - cause a sexually transmitted disease - gonorrhea, respectively, are normally absent.
coli- normally observed in a single number in a smear from the vagina. With an increase in the concentration of bacteria, bacterial vaginosis and neglect of personal hygiene are possible.
Cocci - in gynecological smears are divided into gram-positive - stained blue and gram-negative - do not stain and remain pink. Gram-positive cocci include opportunistic bacteria: streptococci, staphylococci and enterococci, which are normally contained in smears in single quantities. With an increase in their concentration, they speak of nonspecific vaginitis (colpitis).

Degrees of purity of the vaginal smear

When talking about gynecological smears, they mean not only smears taken from the cervical canal, urethra and vagina, but also a separate type of smear that determines the degree of cleanliness of the vagina. The material is taken from the walls of the vagina and dried on a separate glass. There are 4 degrees of purity, but only degrees 1 and 2 are normal:

1 degree - leukocytes 0 - 5

Considered ideal. The number of leukocytes is small, the microflora is mainly (up to 95%) represented by lactic acid bacteria, epithelial cells are few.

2 degree - leukocytes 5 - 10

It also refers to the norm, but in a smear opportunistic microorganisms (cocci or single yeast fungi) are determined in a small amount. Lactobacilli prevail, leukocytes and mucus are moderate, epithelial cells are normal.

3 degree - more than 10 (up to 50)

The content of leukocytes increases, a lot of mucus and epithelium is determined. The concentration of Doderlein sticks decreases due to an increase in opportunistic flora.

Grade 4 - leukocytes entirely (cannot be counted)

Against the background of a huge number of leukocytes (the term “completely” is indicated in the description of the smear), pathogenic microorganisms (gonococci, Trichomonas) are determined. Doderlein's sticks are not determined, there are a lot of mucus and epithelial cells (a consequence of the inflammatory process).

When identifying 3 and 4 degrees of purity of the vaginal smear, it is necessary to establish the cause of the inflammation and treat it.

Causes of an increase in the content of leukocytes in a smear

If the leukocytes in a smear in women are increased, then the causes can be both diseases of the reproductive sphere, and malfunctions in the work of other internal organs and systems. Inflammation comes first among the causes of an increase in leukocytes in urogenital smears:

inflammatory process in the cervical canal or;
development of inflammation in the appendages (tubes and ovaries) or salpingo-oophoritis;
inflammation of the uterine mucosa - endometritis;
inflammatory process in the vagina - colpitis or vaginitis;
the development of inflammation in the urethra - urethritis;
malignant tumors of the genital organs (destruction of healthy tissues is accompanied by inflammation);
intestinal and/or vaginal dysbacteriosis;
infections that are sexually transmitted (both sexually transmitted diseases and latent sexual infections).

Pathogenic microorganisms - the culprits of inflammation

Why do leukocytes increase in a smear? Pathogenic microorganisms are involved in the development of the inflammatory process, which are difficult to detect in the usual way - by examining a urogenital smear, or activated representatives of the opportunistic flora. To detect pathogens of latent sexual infections, they resort to a more complex examination - the PCR method (examination of blood, urine, secretions from the genital organs).

With a detailed study in smears or blood, the following can be detected:

mycoplasma and ureaplasma;
gonococci (see);
Koch's stick (the causative agent of tuberculosis);
pale treponema (pathogen);
Donovan bodies (causative agents of inguinal granuloma);
trichomonas (see);
amoeba;
human papillomavirus (cause);
immunodeficiency virus;
viruses;
mushrooms of the genus Candida ();
actinomycete fungi.

Other causes of an increase in white blood cells

Bacterial vaginosis or vaginal dysbiosis

Under certain conditions, conditionally pathogenic flora is activated and the growth of lactic acid bacteria is suppressed:

disruptions in hormonal status (puberty or decline in reproductive function - pre- and menopause, pregnancy and spontaneous abortion, endocrine diseases);
weakening of local and general immunity (hypothermia, antibiotic therapy);
severe stress and overwork;
microtrauma of the vagina due to intense sex;
radiotherapy, chemotherapy;
the use of spermicides in the form of ointments and suppositories;
oral sex;
a large number of sexual partners;
excessive adherence to the rules of intimate hygiene, passion for douching;
the entrance to the vagina deformed by scars (anatomical features, pathological childbirth, surgical interventions);
imbalance of the intestinal microflora (dysbacteriosis);
foreign bodies in the vagina (tampons).

Allergy

allergies to drugs and herbs;
intolerance to lubricants (gels, ointments);
partner's sperm intolerance.

Irritation of the vulva and vagina

neglect of intimate hygiene;
temperature changes (hypothermia and overheating);
mechanical injury (tight, synthetic underwear, thongs, rough sex, etc.);
chemical burns (douching with acids and other drugs);
common diseases (diabetes mellitus, pathology of the urinary system and others).

In addition, elevated leukocytes in urogenital smears can be observed within 24 hours after intercourse or for 7 to 10 days after the installation of an intrauterine device. If the cause of the increase in the content of leukocytes in smears cannot be established, a more thorough and detailed examination should be carried out, including for the detection of malignant tumors of the reproductive system.

Causes of an increase in leukocytes in pregnant women

Some increase in the level of leukocytes in a smear during pregnancy is considered normal. The normal content of white blood cells in vaginal smears corresponds to 15 - 20 per field of view.

Elevated leukocytes in pregnant women in a smear are explained by physiological factors:

Firstly, during the period of gestation, the hormonal balance is restructured, progesterone and estrogens are produced in large quantities. Under the influence of estrogens, Doderlein sticks begin to actively multiply, which create an acidic environment in the vagina and prevent the reproduction of opportunistic and pathogenic flora, but contribute to the accumulation of leukocytes.
Secondly, expectant mothers have reduced immunity, which prevents the rejection of the embryo as a foreign body. Due to weakened immunity, pathogenic bacteria easily penetrate the vagina or a latent infection is activated, which explains the increase in leukocytes in gynecological smears (a protective reaction during inflammation).

Often a very high concentration of white blood cells in smears (50 - 100 or leukocytes entirely in the field of view) is detected, which, as a rule, is noted with thrush (urogenital candidiasis). In such cases, in addition to a large number of leukocytes, fungi of the genus Candida and mycelium in the form of white threads are found in the smear.

An excess of white blood cells in expectant mothers requires a thorough examination and appropriate treatment. The infectious process from the vagina can go to the cervix and cervical canal, penetrate the uterine cavity, which will lead to infection of the amniotic fluid and the fetus and end in miscarriage or premature birth.

Clinical manifestations

An increased level of leukocytes in secretions from the cervical and urethra and vagina often accompanies diseases of the urinary and reproductive organs of a woman:

frequent and painful urination - a sign or;
false urge to defecate indicate intestinal dysbacteriosis;
discharge with an unpleasant odor, accompanied by itching and burning, may indicate vaginitis, cervicitis, or inflammation of the uterus and;
purulent, foamy discharge or cheesy discharge are observed with vaginitis of a specific etiology (thrush, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis);
possible with pathology of the cervix, uterus or appendages;
in combination with an increase in leukocytes, it makes one think of inflammation of the appendages.

Diagnosis that determines the direction of treatment

Before you begin to deal with an increased level of white blood cells in smears, it is necessary to establish the cause of this phenomenon. It often happens that the content of leukocytes in a gynecological smear is high, although there is no activation and growth of opportunistic flora and, moreover, specific pathogens. What to do in such a case?

The gynecologist will recommend taking smears again, choosing the most successful day of the menstrual cycle and recommending that you properly prepare for the test (exclude sexual intercourse, taking medication, douching). If, upon re-smearing, leukocytes again have a high rate, an extended examination is performed:

A smear from the cervical canal and vagina on the tank. sowing

When sowing vaginal and cervical secretions on nutrient media, colonies of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms often grow. The pathogen is identified and its sensitivity to certain antibiotics is determined, which is necessary for further treatment.

PCR for latent sexually transmitted infections

The method is highly accurate and almost 100% reveals latent sexual infections, which may not manifest themselves clinically, but lead to irreversible consequences (infertility).

Ultrasound of the pelvic organs

In this case, preference is given to ultrasound performed by a transvaginal sensor. A possible cause of elevated leukocytes in the analyzes, in addition to inflammation of the uterus and appendages, can be various tumor-like formations (ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids or sarcoma, uterine polyps, etc.).

Colposcopy

Examination of the cervix under multiple magnification helps to diagnose diseases that are not visible to the naked eye, but are the cause of elevated leukocytes in the tests (leukoplakia, cervical dysplasia or cancer in the initial stage).

Consultations of related specialists

Appointed after the above examination. For example, consulting an endocrinologist and prescribing appropriate therapy to them will help normalize the level of leukocytes in diabetes mellitus, thyroid pathology, or overweight. A nephrologist will identify a disease of the urinary system (pyelonephritis, cystitis) and prescribe anti-inflammatory therapy (antibiotics, nitrofurans). The allergist will advise you to exclude irritating factors (synthetic underwear, the use of intimate sprays, deodorants and various lubricants). The neurologist will prescribe sedatives and drugs to eliminate neurosis, which can also cause an increase in leukocytes.

Anti-inflammatory treatment

Anti-inflammatory treatment is prescribed only if an infection is detected. How to treat, the doctor decides, depending on the results of the tests. Anti-inflammatory therapy includes:

local treatment;
general treatment;
restoration of normal microflora of the vagina.

Local treatment consists in the appointment of douching:

the course is short and lasts no more than 4 - 5 days
drugs (solutions of potassium permanganate, chlorhexidine, miramistin)
herbs (chamomile, sage, coltsfoot, calendula, St. John's wort). Cm. .

Candles:

at the same time, candles with anti-inflammatory action are locally prescribed (hexicon, polygynax, betadine and others, see).
if a diagnosis of urogenital candidiasis is made, it is recommended to use suppositories with an antifungal effect (clotrimazole, pimafucin, livarol, see). Suppositories are administered one to two times a day for 10 to 14 days.
with an unstarted inflammatory process, treatment is limited to this.

Treatment of latent genital infections

If a viral infection, sexually transmitted diseases or latent genital infections are detected, systemic antibiotic therapy or antiviral drugs are prescribed. The choice of drug depends on the etiology of colpitis and / or cervicitis.

Restoration of the microflora

The final stage of therapy is the restoration of the normal microflora of the vagina (an increase in the content of lactic acid bacteria). For this purpose, the following are assigned:

vaginal suppositories or tampons with probiotics (lactobacterin, bifidobacterin, acylact, colibacterin and others).
A high content of white blood cells in smears during pregnancy is dangerous for premature termination of pregnancy (miscarriage or premature birth), intrauterine infection of the fetus, development of chorioamnionitis (inflammation of the water and placenta), rupture of the birth canal during childbirth and the development of purulent-septic diseases in the postpartum period. Therefore, expectant mothers should carefully follow the recommendations of the doctor and carry out the prescribed or treatment with an increase in the content of leukocytes in the analyzes.

Question:
Is it possible to have sex with elevated leukocytes in smear tests?

If a specific infection is not detected (gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes and other diseases), then sex is not contraindicated.

Question:
Can I get pregnant with elevated leukocytes in smears?

Yes, it is quite possible to get pregnant, but it is advisable to undergo preliminary treatment, since often a high white blood cell count in the analyzes indicates an inflammatory process in the genitals.

Question:
Is it possible to reduce the content of leukocytes in the analyzes using only traditional methods of treatment?

You should not engage in self-medication, including treatment only with traditional medicine with a “bad” result of a smear analysis. Only a doctor can identify the cause of "bad smears" and prescribe the appropriate treatment. It is impossible to reduce leukocytes in tests only with the help of traditional medicine, since it is often necessary to treat with antibiotics or antiviral drugs, or to treat concomitant diseases.