Primary symptoms and causes of a two-chamber ovarian cyst. What you need to know about double-chamber ovarian cyst

A common disease that affects women under 40 years of age is a two-chamber ovarian cyst. The disease is quite dangerous because it provokes the development of severe complications, one of which is peritonitis.

A two-chamber cyst of the left ovary manifests itself due to a number of reasons. The most common factors are:

hormonal imbalance, as a result of which the natural ratio of male and female hormones is disrupted;
disturbances in the functioning of the endocrine system;
abortions and other surgical interventions;
chronic inflammation in the pelvis.

While expecting a child, the disease is diagnosed much more often. In most cases, a two-chamber cyst of the right ovary is detected. Pathology occurs due to an increase in progesterone levels. Because the right ovary is many times more active, unlike the left.

The defect in question negatively affects the pregnancy period. A woman with this disease requires complex therapy and specialist supervision.

Important: A two-chamber ovarian tumor is a dangerous pathology. And if measures are not taken, there is a possibility of its leg being twisted or ruptured, which can lead to internal bleeding or peritonitis.

The human nervous system influences hormonal levels and the body. If a woman regularly experiences shocks and stress, then the risk of developing such a pathology increases several times.

Signs of the disease

Regardless of the type of tumor, at the initial stage there are practically no symptoms. And signs appear when the defect already reaches about 10 cm. The patient can feel the signals:

pain in the lower abdomen, on the side where the cyst has formed. Pain may radiate to the lower limb;
pain during sex;
menstrual irregularities and changes in the color of discharge;
a feeling of bloating in the abdomen, provided that there has been no weight gain;
disruption of the genitourinary system in the form of frequent urge to go to the toilet;
copious discharge with blood from the genitals.

Important. If the above symptoms appear, there is no need to waste time; it is better to consult a gynecologist for advice.

Signs of torsion or rupture of a two-chamber cyst

Torsion of the pedicle or rupture of the cyst often occurs. Therefore, check out the accompanying signs:

increase in body temperature by more than 38C;
severe chills or sweating;
pronounced pallor of the skin;
severe pain appearing in the lower abdomen;
discharge with bloody impurities;
nausea and vomiting;
lowering blood pressure.

Important. In some cases, a person may be overcome by panic, loss of consciousness, and even painful shock.

Diagnosis of the disease

As already described above, in the initial stages the cyst develops almost asymptomatically. Therefore, in most cases it is detected during examination by a specialist. However, if the above signs are present, then the specialist conducts an examination consisting of the following steps:

The patient is first examined by palpation. As a rule, an experienced doctor identifies a cyst at this stage;
the next stage is testing for the level of human chorionic gonadotropin, as well as a pregnancy test;
then an ultrasound examination is performed. Using a sensor, the doctor determines the size of the cyst and its identity;
the next stage is determining the type of cyst. Diagnosis is performed using magnetic resonance imaging with one goal - to exclude the malignant origin of the detected neoplasm;
Next, a fine-needle biopsy is performed. This manipulation is necessary to collect fragments of the cyst and further study it;
in some cases, the patient may also undergo laparoscopy to thoroughly examine the tumor.

Important: To prescribe an adequate course of treatment, the specialist must first perform a puncture of the posterior vaginal fornix. This manipulation is performed with the purpose of identifying fluid or blood in the abdominal cavity.

In addition to hardware tests, laboratory examinations are performed. To do this, you will need to take a blood and urine test. Also, a specialist often refers a woman to have tumor markers tested. In addition, in cases where there is a possibility of infectious diseases, the patient is given smears.

Treatment of a two-chamber cyst

How is a two-chamber tumor treated? A set of treatment measures is prescribed depending on the following factors:

type of cystic neoplasm;
tumor size;
features of the development of the defect.

At the initial stage of its appearance, a conservative treatment method is prescribed. When there is a possibility of cyst rupture, a decision is made about surgical intervention.

A conservative treatment method is relevant for small tumors, subject to the following factors:

the defect does not cause discomfort to the woman;
when the cyst is follicular.

This type of tumor resolves on its own without the use of auxiliary medications. In this case, complete disposal of the type of cyst in question takes over 3 cycles. During this time, the patient must regularly visit the gynecologist for monitoring.

Important: A two-chamber cyst is a dangerous and insidious disease. This tumor responds well to treatment. The main thing is to make a diagnosis and follow the doctor’s prescriptions.

When a mucinous or serous neoplasm is established, the only way to get rid of the identified defect is surgically. In this case, there is a possibility that the cyst will transform into a malignant tumor.

Surgical intervention can also be used to get rid of large cysts, in which the symptoms are pronounced and cause discomfort to the patient.

Conclusion

If we compare two-chamber neoplasms with single-chamber ones, then the former are many times more dangerous for the health and life of a woman. According to statistics, two-chamber cysts more often transform into a malignant tumor. Don’t panic; not all cysts have a negative prognosis. And the specialist will not prescribe a set of therapeutic measures until the patient has taken material for histological examination. Therefore, all that is required of a woman is to regularly visit a gynecologist for timely detection of tumors.

Take care of your health and always pay attention to all the signals your body gives. And don’t forget to undergo a routine examination by a specialist.

A two-chamber cyst of the left ovary is a fairly common phenomenon. In the right ovary, this pathology is not so common. As a rule, the disease is detected in women under the age of 40, that is, during the childbearing period. In the older generation, such newly registered neoplasms are rare. What is a two-chamber or multi-chamber cyst?

In structure, it is a round cavity that can form in the tissues of the ovary. Inside, it can be divided using partitions into separate cells, which are filled with effusion of mucous or liquid consistency.

Types of cystic formations

Every month, in a physiologically healthy woman, a special physiological cyst is formed in the ovarian tissue, which is called a dominant follicle. It is in this formation that the egg is formed and matures. Somewhere in the middle of the menstrual cycle, the follicle bursts and releases a mature egg into the fallopian tube. In the vacated cavity, the so-called corpus luteum is formed. It maintains the hormonal levels necessary for conception and growth of the fetus.

But it happens that, for reasons that have not yet been clarified, the follicle does not open, releasing the egg, but, on the contrary, grows. Partitions appear inside, and the cavities are filled with a liquid or jelly-like mass.

Such an ovarian cyst is called follicular or retention. But not only the dominant follicle serves as the basis for the formation of a neoplasm. Due to unexplained circumstances, the corpus luteum can transform into a cystic tumor.

Both the first and second cysts are physiological and make up the majority of similar pathologies detected in women.

Most often they form in one (left) ovary and can reach quite large sizes (from 5 to 10 cm). These neoplasms are usually benign and tend to resolve on their own within a few months.

Another type of cystic formation is. It is formed as a result of the germination of the endometrium (the inner mucous layer of the uterus) into nearby organs. The size of such a cyst varies and can reach a volume of 10 cm. Externally, it is a thick-walled capsule, which is connected to nearby tissues using adhesions. The cavity itself is filled with brown contents. This is a mixture of leftover menstrual blood. This cyst can be either unilateral or bilateral.

Why can an endometrioid cyst develop? The exact cause has not been established, but there are several theories that try to explain this phenomenon:

Bringing of uterine mucous tissue cells into the tube area during menstrual bleeding.
A similar method of entry, but provoked by surgical intervention.
Delivery of epithelial cells through the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
Hormonal disorders of various types. This may include disturbances in the functioning of the ovaries, pituitary gland or hypothalamus.
Immune system imbalance.

There are so-called dermoid cysts. They are formed during the intrauterine development of the fetus from various layers of embryonic tissue and are considered one of the developmental defects. When conducting a histological examination, they can identify various structures of the human body, for example, teeth or nails.

Possible risk factors

The causes of these neoplasms are not fully understood, however, there are factors that increase the risk of developing two-chamber and multi-chamber cysts in the ovaries. These include the following:

Various disorders of a woman’s general hormonal background.
Menstrual irregularities, most often of a physiological nature. This factor especially affects the formation of a cystic neoplasm of the corpus luteum.
Pregnancy can also trigger the development of a left ovarian cyst.
The formation of multi-chamber neoplasms is often preceded by inflammatory processes of the female genital organs of a bacterial nature.
It has been noted that it can be provoked by surgical intervention.

All the variety of reasons given does not provide a complete answer to the question. That is, these can be hormonal, physiological, or mechanical reasons, but they all lead to one thing - the development of a neoplasm. Moreover, even its structure without examination is quite difficult to accurately predict, since under the same circumstances both a single-chamber and a multi-chamber cyst can form. However, it is necessary to know the reason that gave the impetus, as this will help choose etiotropic treatment.

Clinical manifestations of the cyst

Sometimes this pathology does not manifest itself symptomatically and is detected only during a routine examination. This happens when the cyst is small. Unpleasant sensations are possible with a significant increase in the tumor. It should be noted that a two-chamber ovarian cyst does not have distinctive clinical symptoms. How does this disease manifest itself when localized in the left ovary?

The first symptom is pain in the lower left abdominal region. It is often insignificant, of a tugging nature. The greatest intensity of these symptoms occurs in the middle of the cycle. The pain also worsens with physical activity or sexual intercourse.
Light bleeding may appear during the intermenstrual period.
Menstrual irregularities.
Nausea.
There may be a false urge to urinate or defecate.
Frequent constipation.
The abdominal wall is tense, and the patient complains of pressure or distension inside the peritoneum in the lower section. In this case, a swelling may form on the left side.
Weight gain for no particular reason.
Body temperature may rise, sometimes quite high.
Disorders of the cardiovascular system, for example, tachycardia, are often detected.
When hormonal disorders occur, increased hair growth appears, especially in the facial area. The skin becomes oily due to increased activity of the sebaceous glands. Acne may appear.

How to make a diagnosis?

Diagnosis of any gynecological pathology begins with an examination by a gynecologist. If a cystic neoplasm is suspected, various clinical research methods will be prescribed:

Ultrasound is performed using both vaginal and abdominal probes.
Puncture of the posterior vaginal fornix can accurately determine the presence of a complicated cyst with bleeding into the retroperitoneal space.
During diagnostic laparoscopy, it is possible not only to diagnose the presence of a cyst, for example, on the right ovary, but also to remove it.
Computed tomography will help to thoroughly study the structure, size and structure of the cystic formation.
A blood test, both general and for tumor markers, is required to exclude the presence of a malignant tumor.

Features of cyst therapy

More often, the formation of an ovarian cyst and its size depend on the balance of the woman’s hormonal background, so treatment begins with the prescription of tableted hormonal contraceptives (Yarina, Zhanin, Marvelon, etc.).

By normalizing hormonal levels, you can achieve a significant reduction in the size of the cyst or even its complete resorption.

The selection of a medicine should only be made by a specialist, based on the data of the tests obtained.

There is also a technique in which treatment is carried out using one hormone - progesterone. It is produced in a woman during pregnancy or in the second half of the cycle. For this purpose, the drug Duphaston is prescribed, which will help get rid of the cystic neoplasm.

If the cyst does not shrink, the main method of treatment is surgical removal.

Hormonal imbalance in a woman’s body causes various neoplasms. Some of them are and do not pose a threat to life. Others require close monitoring and can have serious consequences. Among these is a multilocular ovarian cyst.

The essence of pathology

Multilocular ovarian cyst (multilocular cyst) is a benign formation in the form of a cavity separated by septa.

Inside the cavity there is a viscous liquid. This type is rare, but requires careful examination. The main danger of a cyst is high risk of rupture and degeneration into malignant.

It occurs in women at any age, is localized on both ovaries, but more often on the right because of its better blood supply compared to. Based on the number of cavities, two-chamber and three-chamber neoplasms are distinguished.

Any single-chamber cyst can become multilocular. The septa appear immediately or as the tumor grows. In medical practice there are the following types multilocular tumor:

Follicular. It is formed at the site of a burst follicle, and over time it can grow and acquire a multi-chamber type.
Endometrioid. Appears from the endometrium on the ovary, tends to grow and form several chambers.
. Its serous-papillary type is prone to internal growth and has a high risk of degeneration.
Dermoid. A formation with internal partitions, filled with adipose tissue with particles of skin, hair, etc.
Paraovarian. It does not grow from ovarian tissue, but is located next to it. Doesn't show itself for a long time, but tends to break.

Unlike a regular cyst, a multilocular cyst has a number of features:

The presence of dense partitions inside the formation.
Big sizes.
Difficult to treat conservatively.
Risk of malignant growths on the septum.
Often causes serious complications.

Causes and symptoms of neoplasm

The appearance of this type of cyst can be caused by several factors:

Hormonal disorders.
Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.
Termination of pregnancy (abortion, miscarriage).
Disturbances in the endocrine system.
Operations.
Pregnancy.
Hormonal stimulation (with IVF).

All of the above can have a direct and indirect effect on tumor formation.

Doctors identify the inflammatory process as the most common provoking factor.

Symptoms of a multilocular cyst are usually pronounced. Among main manifestations:

As the tumor grows, symptoms become more pronounced.

Diagnostic methods

Diagnosis begins with interviewing the patient and palpating the abdomen. Typically, such cysts can be felt through the abdominal wall. A gynecological examination is also performed.

To clarify the diagnosis, use instrumental study:

. This is the most informative method. Often used in conjunction with Doppler ultrasound - the study of blood flow. Ultrasound shows the size of the tumor, the number of chambers, the presence of growth, the structure of the cyst, and its contents.
MRI. Allows you to take a layer-by-layer image and determine the structure of the tumor.

Among laboratory research:

blood and urine to identify the inflammatory process.
Blood test for tumor markers and hormones to exclude malignant degeneration.

How is pathology treated?

In the case of small cysts and no risk of degeneration, treatment is carried out conservative methods. They include:

Hormonal therapy. Progesterone drugs (Duphaston) and contraceptives are prescribed, which prevent the growth of cysts and the formation of new ones.
Physiotherapy (mud therapy, balneotherapy, electrophoresis).
Prescribing antibiotics to eliminate the inflammatory process.
Vitamin therapy.

Traditional methods are ineffective and are practically not prescribed.

Surgical treatment carried out in cases where:

the tumor size is large;
tests revealed the presence of tumor markers;
there is a risk of rupture or suppuration;
Conservative treatment did not bring results.

In medical practice they use two types of operations: laparoscopy and abdominal (laparotomy). Preference is given to the first, as it has a number of advantages: small incisions, little blood loss, short rehabilitation period.

Laparoscopy involves removing only the tumor while preserving the ovary. A woman can become pregnant after surgery. In the case of a large tumor, ovarian atrophy may begin; in this situation, the organ is removed along with the tumor.

During oncological processes, all reproductive organs and nearby lymph nodes are removed. The excised material is sent for histology. After the operation, the woman is prescribed a course of hormonal therapy and vitamins.

Complications

Education sizes up to 5 cm are considered safe. In other cases, there are risk of serious complications:

Apoplexy of the ovary. With physical stress, the cyst ruptures and its contents permeate the ovarian tissue. As a result, the organ may burst. This condition is fraught with the development of peritonitis and sepsis.
Suppuration. Occurs with hypothermia and decreased immunity. The contents of the tumor become purulent. The woman’s pain increases, her temperature rises to critical levels, weakness and other signs of general intoxication appear.
Malignization. This is the degeneration of a tumor into a malignant tumor. The woman loses weight, becomes irritable, has increased paleness of the skin and circles under the eyes.

All complications pose a serious threat to the patient’s life. If complications are suspected, you should immediately seek medical help; we are only talking about urgent surgical treatment.

Onset of pregnancy with a multilocular cyst it is quite possible. The small size of the formation does not require treatment before birth. Doctors choose observation tactics.

If the cyst progresses, it can put pressure on the uterus, threatening miscarriage. After 16 weeks, laparoscopic tumor removal is performed. With timely and correct treatment the prognosis is favorable.

A multilocular cyst should not be taken lightly. This is a serious pathology that can lead to complications that pose a threat to a woman’s life. But you should not resort to surgery in the absence of strict indications.

How to do laparoscopy to remove an ovarian cyst - watch the video:

A two-chamber ovarian cyst is a benign neoplasm. With timely diagnosis, treatment will include only conservative methods. But the later a woman seeks help, the higher the likelihood that she will need to lie on the operating table. Any benign cyst, if left untreated, can develop into a cancerous tumor.

Causes of the disease

Modern medicine has not yet come to a consensus as to what is the basis for the development of cystic formation. However, in the initial stages, a woman may not have any symptoms, which makes it difficult to determine the causes. During an appointment with a doctor, patients often cannot remember what events preceded the appearance of the first alarming signs.

A cyst can be an independent formation (for example, in situ) or develop from an unruptured follicle. In the latter option, a rapid increase in size is often observed, which subsequently provokes the formation of a follicular-type cyst.

However, there are a number of provoking factors that many experts agree with:

disruption of the endocrine system;
when changes occur in hormonal levels;
previous surgery on the pelvic organs;
inflammation of a gynecological nature.

It is believed that the cyst largely depends on hormonal balance. Therefore, the reasons for the development can also be attributed to the use of drugs that stimulate or suppress the functioning of the endocrine system. Given this, the doctor’s first priority is to find out as much as possible the potential factors that triggered the disease.

Characteristic symptoms

The manifestation of the disease directly depends on its size and growth rate. In the initial stages, the patient may not even know that she has any disorder. But as the tumor develops, the woman will begin to experience problems with her health.

The presence of a cyst of the right or left ovary can be determined by the following conditions:

In the absence of any measures in relation to the neoplasm, the risk of possible or impaired blood supply to the ovary increases.

In this case, immediate hospitalization will be required. This condition can be identified by sudden pain in the lower abdomen, a sharp rise in temperature, clouding of consciousness and even loss of consciousness.

Diagnostics

Treatment begins only after examination. Initially, a gynecologist conducts an examination to assess the size of the ovaries. If the specialist has doubts or suspicions, the patient will be sent for a broader diagnosis.

To confirm or refute the diagnosis, a woman must undergo:

A woman must undergo a pregnancy test. This allows you to exclude ectopic conception. To clarify the diagnosis, they may additionally prescribe an MRI (which will help identify a tumor that is not visible on ultrasound) and a CT scan (if a cancerous tumor is suspected, together with testing for tumor markers).

After the research results are ready, the doctor will select treatment.

Treatment options

In the first stages, cyst treatment is carried out in a hospital setting. The therapy itself largely depends on the cause of the disease, age and health status of the patient.

Treatment may include the following approaches:

The prescription of hormones should only be carried out by a specialist. The active components of these drugs affect hormonal levels. Therefore, if taken incorrectly or if the treatment regimen is violated, there is a high risk of developing new tumor formations, but in other organs.

Possible complications

A two-chamber cyst is a health threat that requires immediate response. This tumor forms malignant metastases much faster.

A cyst can also lead to a number of complications:

rupture of tumor tissue - occurs due to prolonged or sudden physical exertion, inflammatory processes;
purulent accumulations may occur inside the formation;
provoking hemorrhage into the uterine cavity.

In advanced stages, the organs of the reproductive system themselves—the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus—begin to become directly involved in the pathological process. And this is fraught with serious complications. The first alarming signs of a cyst rupture are cramping pain in the lower abdomen, tachycardia, weakness, low blood pressure, and a false urge to urinate or defecate. In this case, immediate medical attention is required.

Prevention

Knowing about the potential causes, you can prevent the occurrence of the disease. It will be difficult to eliminate all factors, but it is partially possible to cope with some issues.

Prevention includes the following activities:

weight control - excess weight affects hormonal levels;
maintain an active lifestyle;
undergo a preventive examination with a gynecologist at least once a year;
if you have a history of cysts, then you should avoid activities that stimulate blood circulation in the pelvic organs, such as going to the solarium, spending a long time on the beach;
Do not self-treat with hormonal drugs.

A cyst with a septum is not polycystic, that is, it does not threaten a woman with infertility. But this does not mean that such a neoplasm does not require monitoring and treatment. Any tumor is unpredictable, therefore an appropriate response to it is required - visiting a doctor and following all his instructions.

A multi-chamber ovarian cyst is a non-malignant formation growing on the gonad, having an internal cavity divided by septa into separate sections, which are filled with liquid or viscous exudate. In 70%, a two-chamber ovarian cyst is formed, but when diagnosed, three-chamber cavity structures are also found.

Peculiarities:

The structure of a multi-chamber cyst is characterized by the formation of dense partitions of connective tissue that divide the capsule into several cells.
Multi-chamber formations are larger than single-chamber ones.
Often, chambers are formed by the fusion of several formations of different types, with liquid detected in one or two sections and bloody clots in the other.
Multilocular ovarian cyst is considered more dangerous. This is explained by the fact that isolated accumulation of exudate in several chambers leads to rupture with a larger total volume of contents.
In practice, a two-chamber cyst of the right ovary is more often detected. Gynecologists explain the intensive growth of nodes on the right by active blood supply from a large artery. If a two-chamber cyst of the left ovary is diagnosed, it grows more slowly due to reduced blood flow to the left gonad. A multilocular cyst of the left ovary is treated in the same way, the symptoms are no different.

Among cystic nodes, formations are recorded that more often than others form a cavity with several chambers:

. It is formed in utero during the development of the reproductive organs of the fetus, and is a bubble with liquid. Education begins to actively grow during the period of formation of menstrual function, so it is often found in girls 10–13 years old. Medicines and home remedies are not able to make a paraovarian cyst shrink; the formation requires only surgical removal.

. It belongs to functional formations, that is, it is not a pathology and develops as a result of a malfunction in the cyclical functioning of the ovary. Normally, in the middle of the female monthly cycle, the dominant (mature) follicle should burst and release a healthy egg into the fallopian tube. If the follicle does not rupture, but begins to grow, filling with fluid, a cystic node is formed. Several chambers in a cavity are rarely formed.

Serous and mucinous. Serous and refers to cavitary benign tumor-like formations, which are characterized by several chambers with liquid or thick exudate. Both are capable of malignant degeneration. Serous cystoma without treatment can grow up to 20 - 30 cm. Papillary cystadenoma is considered a subtype of serous cysta. When growing, it can gain up to 10 kilograms and is a pathology bordering on a cancerous condition. Treatment involves exclusively surgical removal.

Symptoms

Signs of the development of a cyst or cystadenoma do not depend on the number of chambers in the cavity. Until the node has grown to 5–6 centimeters, the pathological process does not produce disturbing symptoms.

Basic signs:

aching dull pain in the lower abdomen, which is reflected in the sacral, lumbar, groin area, or on one side, if the node has grown on one ovary;
distension in the abdominal cavity;
frequent urination, constipation due to the fact that a large formation can put pressure on the rectum or bladder;
increase in abdominal volume if the tumor is large;
asymmetry and bulging of the peritoneal wall over the affected gonad;
missed periods, prolonged bleeding, spotting;
development of dropsy (ascites) if serous tissue grows on the ovary.

Acute emergency conditions with a multi-chamber cyst, including rupture of the walls, hemorrhage into the peritoneum, twisting of the leg, suppuration, require emergency surgery, otherwise the patient may quickly die.

Such life-threatening conditions manifest themselves:

acute abdominal pain;
hardening of the peritoneal muscles on the affected side;
rise in temperature, drop in blood pressure;
strong fear, perspiration, profuse sweat;
increased heart rate;
loss of consciousness, development of painful shock, coma.

Diagnostics

Laboratory and instrumental studies:

Examination by a gynecologist, who determines the size, location, structure, mobility of the cyst, and possible inflammation in the appendages.
Ultrasound diagnostics (on the 6th – 8th day after the end of menstruation) to clarify the type, size, number of chambers, and density of exudate.
CT and MRI (tomography) for a more in-depth study of the formation and confirmation of its type.
Venous blood sampling for quantitative levels of tumor marker proteins (CA-125, 72-4) to exclude a tumor process, which is especially important for mucinous and papillary cystadenoma.

Treatment

Treatment of a multilocular cyst depends on the type, size, characteristics of formation, age of the patient, suspicion of malignant transformation, and internal diseases.

Peculiarities:

with a functional formation, if its size is no more than 30 - 50 mm, the gynecologist adheres to the tactics of wait and observation. The node usually does not give serious deviations, regresses and disappears in 2 to 4 months. Surgical intervention is required in acute conditions, if the cyst twists on the stalk or bursts;
when confirming the diagnosis of multilocular paraovarian, mucinous, serous cysts, you should know that they never resolve under the influence of medications. And they can burst at any moment. Therefore, for such ovarian formations, treatment is only surgical. Since in 20% of patients, mucinous and serous cystadenoma cells degenerate into cancer cells, postponing surgery and treating yourself is extremely dangerous;
surgical treatment is accompanied by the use of combined contraceptives and hormones to prevent relapses.

Disclosed in our separate article.

Types of surgery

The method of surgical treatment is determined by the type, size of the cyst, and the risk of cancer.

The surgical strategy is aimed at careful treatment of ovarian tissue and preservation of its functions. Women planning to have children do not lose their ability to conceive after surgery, even after removal of the ovary.

Types of operations:

Laparotomy. This is an open procedure, performed with a transverse incision of 10–15 cm under the skin fold on the abdomen. Such surgical intervention is prescribed if large growths are diagnosed or there is a suspicion of a cancerous process. If there are no complications, the patient stays in the hospital for up to 7–9 days.

Multilocular cyst and pregnancy

If the size of the formation is no more than 30–50 mm, doctors try to control its growth and not begin treatment before birth.

If the formation begins to progress rapidly or a large cyst is immediately diagnosed that can burst at any time, surgical therapy is prescribed after 14–16 weeks of pregnancy, when the placenta is fully formed and established. If the operation is not performed, then the growing cyst displaces the uterus, threatening to terminate the pregnancy, and the risk of rupture of the walls and torsion of the leg is very high.

Removal of the formation during pregnancy is carried out by laparoscopy. If the operation is performed in a timely and correct manner, the possibility of maintaining the pregnancy and carrying the baby to normal term is very high.