Project on the world around "our pets". Presentation on the topic "our pets" Cat - dachshund

Project on: "My beloved cat Manya"

My project is called "My favorite cat".

I like animals a lot. I have a cat at home - Manya, a turtle Totti and fish in an aquarium. But most of all I love cats. And I decided to learn more about her and tell about my cat.

Performed:

Zyatkova Alina

2nd grade student

MOU "Kolesnikovskaya secondary school"

Target:

Find out what breed my cat is

Tasks:

• Find out who cats are, how a cat became domestic
• learn about cat breeds
• Find out what role the cat plays in human life
• take care of your pet

Object of study:

Research method:

search, observation

Mustachioed muzzle, Striped fur coat, Often washes, But does not know with water ...

There is a cat in our family. Her name is Mania.

She's 7. I remember her from my earliest childhood. She was brought into our family as a small kitten when I was only a few months old. She is an affectionate cat. Manya loves to be there

where is the whole family.

Homemade

Many years ago, all cats were feral. It is difficult to determine when a person first started keeping a cat at home. There is an opinion that this animal was domesticated about 6 thousand years ago, when people, in addition to hunting and gathering, began to master cattle breeding and agriculture. For people, there was a need to save the harvest until next year. For this purpose, a person had premises designed to store grain and other products that had to be protected from rodents, which caused great damage to the economy. Best of all, a wild cat coped with this duty. However, scientists are still arguing about who really tamed whom - a man a cat or a man's cat. It is possible that the cat "domesticated" itself, hunting rodents and following people who quickly adopted these animals into their lives. According to scientists, the cat became the ancestor of all known breeds of domestic cats. It is believed that this animal was domesticated by the inhabitants of Ancient Egypt about 4 thousand years ago.

Persian cat

Siamese cat

Bullet cat

different cats

I learned that there are many breeds of cats. For example, the Persian cat. Cats of this breed are fluffy and their nose is depressed. The nature of these cats is kind. I also recognized the Siamese cat breed. These cats are light, and the muzzle and paws are dark. These are very smart cats, jealous and very fond of their owner. There is a simple Russian blue cat. She was named so because her coat is blue.

There is also a sphinx - a breed of bald cats. They, like people, like to sleep under the covers, because they freeze.

There are also breeds of cats that look like dogs. This is a dachshund cat and a cat poodle. A cat poodle is as curly as a poodle.

sphinx

Russian blue cat

cat - dachshund

cat in life

human

A cat is a graceful, affectionate, cunning, but at the same time the most charming pet. She feels like a mistress in our home. Sometimes playful, calm, but still remains a predator. Cats can communicate in the language of smells. A small, blind kitten will always find its mother thanks to its nose. They mark their own territory and keep outsiders out. Cats are independent, but very attached to the person and the place of residence in which they live. They help people get rid of rodents, thereby saving granaries, warehouses, barns and their own place of residence. These are the only animals that nailed to people of their own free will. The role of a cat in human life is very important. It takes on all the negative impulses and clears the energy. When we stroke a cat, its hairs have a positive effect on the human nervous system. A cat can calm a crying child, cheer him up, play with him. When a child or adult is sleeping, the cat will warm him with her warmth.

Having studied the literature, I found out that my cat is an ordinary Russian breed. Smooth-haired, black.

She likes to eat fish, Whiskas, Kitikat and drink water.

Manya loves to ride in a doll stroller, she sleeps with me or with dad, or on an armchair.

Manka has a favorite rubber band game. She brings it in her teeth and puts it on the floor, and I or dad throws an elastic band and Manka runs after her, takes her and carries her again.

Manya is a very cheerful, playful cat. I love her so much.

Interesting Facts

If a cat is near you and its tail is shaking, this is the greatest feeling of love that it can express.

The average lifespan of a domestic cat is 15-20 years

Cats never meow

together.

This is a sound for humans.

Cats see in the dark much better than humans. The pupils of a cat are narrow in bright light, like slits. And with the onset of darkness - expand.

When the tail starts to drop, it means that the mood has changed - you can move away, she will not be offended

While conducting search work, I learned interesting facts from the life of cats.

After studying the literature, I found out that my cat:

• ordinary Russian smooth-haired cat. (Black color)
• pet
• assistant and doctor.

Literature:

E. Efirsova "Cats from A to Z" M. Education 2007

Yu. Sergeenko "Your cat" M. Enlightenment 2003

Municipal educational institution

"Secondary school No. 16 of the city of Magnitogorsk"

creative project

"Pets"

Supervisor: Popkova Anna Vladimirovna, primary school teacher.

Magnitogorsk

2018

Content:

I . Annotation of the mentor ……………………………………………………..3

II. Introduction ................................................ ................................................. .....four

III. Theoretical part................................................ ....................................5

IV. Practical part………………………………………………………..6

V . Conclusion………………………………………………………………….7

VI . References………………………………………………………...8

Mentor annotation

Wildlife is an amazing, complex and multifaceted world. The diversity and abundance of flora and fauna largely depends on people. The first ideas about the world around us, including plants and animal organisms, a person receives already in childhood. The educational value of nature can hardly be overestimated. Communication with nature has a positive effect on a person, makes him kinder, softer, awakens the best feelings in him. The role of nature in the upbringing of children is especially great.

The project aims to develop students' interest in the study of nature. The relevance of the project is thatChildren do not have enough idea about the way of life, habits, nutrition, dwellings of pets.

The project "Pets" sets the task: to study the problem of the life of domestic animals with humans and to identify opportunities for its improvement and improvement. During the project, teach children to independently collect the necessary information, conduct research work on the study of the life and behavior of domestic animals, give practical recommendations for improving and improving the life of domestic animals.

Introduction

Love for nature, however, like any human love,

Undoubtedly, it has been instilled in us since childhood.

(I. Sokolov-Mikitov.)

Many of us have a cat, dog, or some other pet in our home. Each person chooses an animal for himself based on his preferences and the possibilities of caring for him. Someone prefers to watch aquarium fish, who are interested in hamsters, others like to go for a walk with dogs, and someone enjoys the purring of a cat. Many people think about why pets are needed, because these are additional chores. However, pet owners have never regretted their purchase. It's so nice when someone is waiting for you at home. For example, you can play with a dog or a cat, watch TV together, and even go shopping. Children are very responsive to affection and kindness. There is never a dull moment with pets. However, acquiring a pet in the house, its owner takes on a great responsibility. After all, a pet requires not only affection and love, but also a certain amount of care. And besides, do not forget that animals can get sick. Therefore, you should visit veterinary clinics, as well as acquire useful vitamins and various goodies for your new friends. Cats and dogs create an atmosphere of coziness and comfort in the house. It is always calm with them. Pets have a beneficial effect on the human nervous system. After all, even the most difficult day a pet is able to make sunny and kind. Only his presence and kind eyes make a person happy. In addition, while walking with a dog or visiting exhibitions with a cat, you can make many new and interesting acquaintances.

Pets are very important in a person's life, they are the basis of good relations, they make it possible to be good-natured. Whether we like it or not, but attitudes towards pets have already entered our lives: social, family. Children with pets encounter from an early age, learn about their affection, love, learn to take care of them, but it is very important to teach children to take care of them. A pet in a family is a powerful educational factor. The child learns to care for him, he develops moral-volitional and labor qualities. First of all, the child does not know what can and cannot be done, what is harmful for the animal and what is useful.

Project theme "Pets"

Objective of the project:

development of creative, cognitive abilities of the child;

expand knowledge about pets, their types, groups;

DIY creation of pets and their home.

Tasks:

Cognitive tasks:

find out what benefits they bring to people;

find out what distinguishing features they have.

Learning objectives:

learn how to care for pets;

be able to extract information from different sources (text, illustrations, observations) and present it;

and study the living conditions of pets;

draw conclusions about why pets are needed.

Theoretical part

A few thousand years ago, ancient man took the first steps to tame wild animals in order to use them for their own purposes. And today it is already difficult to imagine our life without pets, as if they have always been faithful companions of people. Initially, man sought to get something of value from animals, providing them with shelter and food. However, they also served as a source of aesthetic pleasure.

Who are pets

Pets are animals that a person has tamed, caring for them and providing them with food. All domesticated species and artificially bred breeds were used for material gain or pleasure. They became good companions for a person, brightening up his life. The process of reproduction of animals easily takes place even outside natural conditions.

Interesting! Alternative medicine has long been marked by the ability of animals to heal people. Cats are the most successful in this. Scientists explain the effectiveness of cat therapy by the ability of this animal to create a unique electromagnetic field with low-frequency currents thanks to its thin and soft fur.

This allows the cat to act on the source of inflammation and pain, destroy microbes. Scientists have proven that petting an animal is not only pleasant, but also useful. During the bioenergetic contact that occurs in this case, the central nervous system of people receives special impulses that cause positive emotions and improve mood. Therefore, communication with cats is especially important for psychological disorders and stress.

Types of pets

Dog Cat Cow

Pig Horse Goat

Rabbit Chicken Goose

Groups of pets.

The first includes agricultural species used in everyday life and allowing to obtain natural products and materials. For example, goats and cows provide a person with food: milk and meat, as well as wool and skin. But horses are still used as a labor force for the transport of goods and a means of transportation.

The second group includes all the animals that people have for communication and leisure. Cats, fish, rodents and dogs are just some of the pets living at home. Like agricultural species, they too can be used for material gain. They help to cope with a bad mood, fight loneliness and stress.

Distinctive features.

The most devoted friend of a person living at home has become a dog. There is an opinion that, unlike cats, it is more attached to a person. On average, dogs live for about 10 years, so you need to be prepared for the fact that the animal will not always be able to stay around. When deciding to get a dog, you should also know that it needs constant care. Regular walks and feeding are only a small part of care. It is important to immediately decide on the breed, because each has its own characteristics. The nature of the animal and the kind of care required depend on them.

Along with dogs, the “companion animal” includes the cat. It is valued both for its sociability and for its ability to catch rodents. The life expectancy of cats, like dogs, averages 10-15 years.

Benefits of pets for humans.

Farm animals bring the greatest benefit in everyday life to humans. These species include sheep, horses, cows, pigs. They provide a person with natural products: milk, eggs, meat. Leather and wool, down and feathers are highly valued. In addition to meat, bristles and skin are also obtained. The cow is the breadwinner of the family, as Russian peasants used to say. Every day, she is able to give several liters of milk, from which fermented milk products, butter, and cheese are then obtained. Man has achieved success even in the domestication of insects - bees, thanks to which he was able to get honey, propolis, wax.

More and more people, for various reasons, have recently given up meat, becoming vegetarians. Meat is a source of essential amino acids. They are needed for the construction of antibodies that provide protection against pathogens of various diseases, 8

including oncology. When you refuse meat, essential amino acids cease to enter the body, immunity decreases, which causes the development of infections.

In the economy, animals also participate in agricultural work, transport heavy loads and people. Horses are usually used for this purpose. At stud farms, they are kept and bred to participate in races, equestrian sports.

domestication of animals

Little information about the domestication of wild animals has survived to this day, but it is known that the dog is considered the first tamed pet living in the house. In ancient times, she played the role of a companion for a person. Thanks to its excellent learning and training abilities, the dog eventually began to guard the house, participate in hunting and grazing. In some countries, attempts have been made to tame the weasel to fight rats and mice. However, she did not adapt well to life in captivity, and over time, cats came to replace her.

Whether cats are fully domesticated remains an open question. They still retain the habits of their wild relatives, although for many thousands of years they have already lived next to humans. Unlike dogs, they do not become attached to humans as much, remaining independent.

It is believed that most domestic animals descended from representatives living in the wild. Tour was the ancestor of cattle. But from whom the dog originated is not known exactly. It could be a wolf, a jackal, or even a coyote. The wild sheep, the moufflon and the mountain sheep are considered as the ancestors of the sheep. The exact time of domestication of animals has not been established.

Pet breeding

Domesticated animals breed well in captivity. Their offspring do not need to be tamed again. From birth, pets adopt the habits of their mother and easily make contact with a person. In the case of farm animals, reproduction is an opportunity to obtain more valuable products. Work with farm animals is mainly carried out to increase their fertility, food potential, and weight.

When taming pets, it is important to remember that you should be responsible for them, provide them with proper care and care. Then pets will become reliable friends and helpers of their owner.

Practical part

Our group would like to demonstrate how pets and their homes look like. We have made several farm products.

First, a platform was made - a wooden or cardboard base, partly with a fence. Artificial grass was reinforced with glue on the platform. Some animals were molded from plasticine, some were toys. Next, they made a home for pets: a kennel for a dog made of cardboard, a barn for cows and horses made of wooden blocks. They also installed a house for pet owners on the farm: some of the children made it out of cardboard, some decorated it with ceiling tiles. To decorate their farm, children added a well (made of cardboard), animal feeders, adding food (hay, millet). For decoration, students used artificial flowers and plants.

In order to make this product, we divided our duties, someone made a dog and a booth, someone made a cat, a cow and a barn, a horse and a feeder, a pig and a trough. Finally, we secured our animals to the platform.

Conclusion

The purpose of our project work was to expand knowledge about domestic animals. Cultivate a caring attitude towards living beings, empathize with them, understand the need to protect them, educate; draw attention to the problems of caring for pets.

The practical significance of project work lies in the understanding by a person of the fact that pets play a significant role in human life. This role is manifested in the fact that pets create a favorable atmosphere in the house, positively affect the state of people's health, our mood, and teach us to take care of animals.

Bibliography

1. “Encyclopedia for children. Volume 24. Pets”, Chapter. ed. E. Ananyeva; ved. ed. D. Volodikhin, ”Avanta+”, Moscow, 2004

2. T.A. Shorygin "Pets. What are they?”, Publishing house GNOM and D, Moscow, 2008.

3. N.P. Batsanov. Your pet four-legged friends. St. Petersburg. LENIZ-DAT.-1992

4. Our pets have a holiday // Cat and dog. - 2000. - No. 9. - P. 6.

5. Cats and kittens. M. ROSMEN.- 2000

6. Domestic animals: species, origin, interesting facts [Electronic resource].

7. Pets for kids. What kind of pet is worth having for a child [Electronic resource]. -

8. Pet [Electronic resource]. -

Project on the topic “Animals of Russia” Prepared by a student of grade 3b Zernov Nikita Teacher: Aleksandrova I.V. MOU gymnasium No. 4, Ozyory

Goals and objectives To form an idea about the animal world of Russia: the patterns of its distribution throughout the country, species under protection. Develop the ability to analyze thematic maps. Work with additional sources of information. Predict and draw conclusions. Education of respect for nature, love for the small and large Motherland.

The fauna of Russia is many-sided and diverse. Here you can find a wide variety of landscapes: polar snow deserts, hot southern deserts, broad-leaved forests, coniferous taiga expanses, high mountain regions, sea and ocean coasts. Over 300 species of mammals, more than 700 species of birds, about 30 species of amphibians and 80 species of reptiles live in these vast expanses.

Animals in our area. Elk. Among the deer, this is the largest animal. Its height reaches 235 cm, weight - almost 600 kg. The old male, decorated with large spade horns, looks especially impressive. In Siberia, elk is often called elk. It is huge, awkward), humpbacked, the head is large, ugly, with horns sticking out to the sides. Three subspecies of moose live in our country: European, East Siberian, or American, and Ussuri. In the mountains of Altai, as well as in all of Western Siberia, the European elk lives, an animal of medium size. The mass of large males reaches 500 kg, height - 215 cm. Females are smaller. The color is brown of varying intensity: from dark to light brown. The legs are usually light, the belly is the same color. Moose calves in the first 3-4 months are red, in August - September they molt and become brown, like adults. Horns that only males have. The older, healthier and stronger the animal, the more massive, wider and with a large number of processes its horns. The growth of the horns begins in April - May, ends in August, and by the middle of winter the horns are shed.

Moose calves, there are usually two of them (singles and triplets are not uncommon), appear in May - early June. They grow very quickly - the daily weight gain can reach 1.5-2 kg, sometimes more. At birth, they weigh 8-12 kg, after six months - 120-140 kg, and the most developed - 170-180. Moose calves grow quickly only in summer, in winter they lose a lot of weight. In captivity, moose live up to 20-25 years. Under natural conditions, individuals older than 12-15 years are rarely found. Elk meat is significantly superior to beef in terms of vitamins and microelements contained in it. Moose, especially from young ones, is recommended as a dietary food for people who, for health reasons, are unable to eat the meat of most domestic animals.

Bear. Bears are among the most intelligent and smart animals. It is well known that they are easier to train than other animals and achieve great success in this. The bear's greatest fear is the smell of humans. The species alone is sometimes not afraid, the cause of which may be poor eyesight. It happens that he sometimes even approaches a person, while (fukat) - he makes a sharp hissing, rather loud sound, which is typical for an alarmed beast. With such behavior, he may be trying to scare a person - run away, they say, in front of you is "the owner of the taiga!" But as soon as he smells a person at such a moment, he himself runs away as fast as he can in a panic. The brown bear is a forest animal. Its usual habitats in Russia are continuous forest tracts with windbreak and burnt areas with dense growth of deciduous species, shrubs and grasses; can enter both the tundra and alpine forests. The bear usually keeps alone, the female - with cubs of different ages. The boundaries of the site are marked with scent marks and "bullies" - scratches on conspicuous trees. Sometimes makes seasonal migrations; so in the mountains, a brown bear, starting from spring, feeds in the valleys, where the snow melts earlier.

The brown bear is omnivorous, but its diet is 3/4 vegetable: berries, acorns, nuts, roots, tubers and grass stalks. In lean years for berries in the northern regions, bears visit oat crops, and in the southern - corn crops; in the Far East in autumn they feed in cedar forests. Its diet also includes insects (ants), worms, lizards, frogs, rodents (mice, marmots, ground squirrels, chipmunks). In summer, insects and their larvae sometimes make up to 1/3 of the bear's diet. Although predation is not the primary strategy of brown bears, they also prey on ungulates - roe deer, fallow deer, deer (caribou, red deer, pampas deer), ibex, wild boar and elk. Grizzlies sometimes attack baribal bears, and in the Far East, brown bears can prey on Himalayan bears and tigers. The brown bear loves honey; eats carrion and sometimes takes prey from tigers, wolves and cougars. Fish during spawning (anadromous salmon) also serve as a common food object. In years that are poor in food, bears sometimes attack livestock and ruin apiaries. The brown bear is active throughout the day, but more often in the mornings and evenings. By winter, the bear builds up subcutaneous fat (up to 180 kg) and lies in the den in autumn. Lairs are located in a dry place, in most cases in pits under the protection of windbreak or under uprooted tree roots. In different areas, winter sleep lasts from 75 to 195 days. Depending on climatic and other conditions, bears are in dens from October - November to March - April, that is, 5-6 months. Contrary to popular belief, the brown bear's winter sleep is shallow; his body temperature during sleep fluctuates between 29 and 34 degrees. In case of danger, the animal wakes up and leaves the den, setting off in search of a new one. Sometimes the bear does not have time to properly fatten during the fall, so in the middle of winter it wakes up and begins to wander in search of food; such bears are called rods. Clumsy in appearance, the brown bear runs exceptionally fast - at a speed of over 55 km / h, swims excellently and climbs trees well in youth (he is reluctant to do so in old age). With one blow of the paw, a seasoned bear is able to break the back of a bull, bison or bison.

Females bring offspring every 2-4 years. A mother bear brings 2-3 (up to 5) cubs weighing 340-680 g and up to 25 cm long, covered with short sparse hair, blind, with an overgrown ear canal. Their ear passages open on the 14th day; they mature in a month. By the age of 3 months, the cubs have a full set of milk teeth and begin to eat berries, herbs and insects. At this age, they weigh about 15 kg; by 6 months - 25 kg. The father is not engaged in offspring, the cubs are brought up by the female. Often, last year's cubs, the so-called pestuns, keep together with the cubs. They finally separate from their mother at 3-4 years of age. Life expectancy in nature is 20-30 years, in captivity - up to 47-50 years.

Wolf. One species lives in our country - the gray wolf. In appearance, it resembles an East European Shepherd Dog, but it has a broad-browed head and a short muzzle. The ears are smaller, wider apart, the neck is shorter, thicker, the chest is more developed, deep, lowered low (unlike a dog, the tail of a wolf is always lowered - note by the author of the website). The mass of males is on average 35-40 kg. The largest individuals caught in our country reached 80, females - 25-30 kg, rarely more (the body length of a wolf reaches 160 cm - note by the author of the website). The color is lighter than that of a shepherd dog, more uniform. There are great individual differences in color - some individuals are lighter, others are darker, some have a "strap" along the top of the back, others do not, but the hair on the neck - mane - or on the cheeks - "sides" may be better developed. In the Altai Mountains, wolves live almost everywhere. There are few of them in the snowy North-Eastern Altai and in the highlands.

These predators live in families, or packs. Usually there are 6-9 wolves in a pack, sometimes less or more. It consists of animals of three generations: a pair of adults, mothers; 2-3 young wolves born in the spring of last year - pereyarkov; 3-4 puppies born in the current year - profitable. The leader of the family is usually an adult female - mother. When hunting for an elk, deer or other large animal, the main role is given to the mother, who is larger, stronger and more experienced than the rest of the family. The rut of wolves takes place in January-February. Pairs are formed for a long time, sometimes for life. In late April, early May, a she-wolf brings from 3 to 10, on average 5-6, dark, almost brown wolf cubs, blind, helpless. In the first days, she does not leave them, she takes care of them, carefully licks them, massages their tummies with her tongue. They only sleep, suck milk and grow quickly. On the 12-13th day, their eyes open, they become more mobile, and begin to crawl out of the hole.

In snowless time, wolves feed mainly on all forest and field living creatures - mice, voles, ground squirrels, hamsters, which are considered pests of forestry and agriculture, as well as birds, frogs, lizards. A lot of animals from this list fall to them in winter. In addition, wolves willingly eat nuts, berries, some herbaceous plants - lungwort, rhubarb, eat various fruits. They love watermelons. A wolf that is wounded or caught in a trap is dangerous for a person. It is not safe to approach him. He will defend himself, he has considerable opportunities - good weight, trained muscles, powerful jaws. Experienced wolf cubs know that it is impossible to joke with the beast in such cases. In most European countries (where wolves are still preserved) and in America, hunting for this beast is prohibited. In a number of countries, the wolf has been released or is about to be released, people are striving to preserve the species

Boar. Wild boars are the most ancient ungulates of Altai. They have been living in Asia for about 10 million years. They differ from domestic pigs in higher (up to 1 m) growth (body length up to 2 meters - note by the author of the website). The mass of old billhooks reaches 200-250 kg, females are lighter and smaller. Adult animals are covered with dark brown, sometimes gray, brown or light brown dense and long bristles. Under it is a well-developed dense undercoat. Boars are extremely agile, mobile animals. They run fast, swim well, are excellent at hiding, have a good sense of smell and hearing. Their eyesight is poor. Males have long, sharp fangs in both jaws that protrude outwards. The upper ones are steeply curved upwards, their length is 10–12, sometimes up to 20–23 cm. Wolves rarely dare to attack old boars. Attacks of billhooks on hunters after an unsuccessful shot are known, and the consequences were the most severe. Attacks by recently farrowed females are also possible. For humans and predators, only billhooks and old large females are dangerous.

Wild pigs live in family groups. Each may have several adult females, of which one, usually the oldest and largest, is the leader. Males are allowed to live in the family herd for no more than 1.5 years. After reaching this age, the females drive them away and they are forced to lead an independent lifestyle. The female in the spring brings an average of 5-6 piglets, maximum 10. Piglets are born well developed, sighted. They are very mobile and playful. Already 2-3 hours after birth, they start games and fights. They are colored in a peculiar way - well-defined dark stripes run along the body. This coloring masks them in thickets of reeds or reeds. After 4-5 months, it gradually changes to the usual plain dark one. By autumn, the mass of piglets reaches 20-30 kg.

Boars are omnivorous, but plant foods predominate in their diet. In Altai, they eat green grass (dry in winter), branches and shoots of shrubs, the bark of young trees, rhizomes, roots, bulbs and other underground parts of plants, all kinds of insects and their larvae, earthworms, from vertebrates - lizards, snakes, frogs, mice, voles, chicks and eggs of birds, dead wild and domestic animals. During harvest years, pine nuts serve as the main food for boars from autumn to spring. Saving up to 10-15 kg of fat in the warm period of the year, wild pigs are able to live through the harsh winter time, eating poor feed. If there are no nuts, they dig in non-freezing areas in snowdrifts and near springs, and also look for carrion. An adult wild boar is able to plow the soil frozen by 15-17 cm with a powerful snout. Under a layer of permafrost, it will always find something edible. soil).

Common fox, or red fox (lat. Vulpes vulpes) - predatory. Body length 60-90 cm, tail - 40-60 cm, weight - 6-10 kg. The color and size of foxes vary in different localities; in total there are 40-50 subspecies, not taking into account smaller forms. The most common color: bright red back, white belly, dark paws. Often foxes have brown stripes on the ridge and shoulder blade, similar to a cross. Common distinguishing features: dark ears and a white tip of the tail. Outwardly, the fox is a medium-sized animal with a graceful body on low paws, with an elongated muzzle, sharp ears and a long fluffy tail. The fox is a sedentary animal. In most areas, it is not characterized by regular migrations. Cases of such are noted only in the tundra, deserts and mountains. In the wild, foxes rarely live more than seven years, often life expectancy does not exceed three. In captivity, animals live up to 20-25 years.

Reproduction Like the wolf, the fox breeds only once a year. Even in winter, foxes begin to search for places to hatch their young, and zealously protect them. There are practically no ownerless holes at this time, in the event of the death of one female, her dwelling is immediately occupied by another. The female is often courted by two or three males, bloody fights occur between them. Foxes are good parents. Males take an active part in the upbringing of offspring, and also take care of their girlfriends even before the appearance of foxes. They improve burrows, even catch fleas from females. In the event of the death of the father, another single male takes his place, sometimes the foxes even fight among themselves for the right to become a stepfather. In a brood there are from 4-6 to 12-13 puppies covered with dark brown hair. Outwardly, they resemble wolf cubs, but differ in the white tip of the tail. At the age of two weeks, the cubs begin to see and hear, their first teeth erupt. Both parents take part in the upbringing of foxes. The father and mother are extremely careful at this time, and in case of a threat they will immediately transfer the cubs to the spare hole. They also have to hunt around the clock to feed their offspring. Growing puppies begin to leave the "home" early and are often found far from it, while still very small. For a month and a half, the mother feeds the cubs with milk; in addition, parents gradually accustom the cubs to ordinary food, as well as to obtaining it. Soon, the grown foxes begin to go hunting with their father and mother, playing among themselves, pestering the elders, sometimes endangering the whole family.

The protection of wild animals, in my opinion, is one of the most complex and urgent problems of our time. And her decision is a matter of global importance! In the field of nature conservation, Russia is a good example for many countries. Over 130 reserves have been created to preserve the most valuable species of animals and study them in natural conditions! In Russia, a lot of work is being done to enrich and protect nature. The success of this largely depends on each of us. Thanks to the measures taken recently to protect wild animals, tangible results have been obtained. Almost everywhere the number of deer, elk, wild boars and other hunting animals has increased. Many valuable animals (for example, sable, saiga, beaver), once on the verge of extinction, have now increased in numbers. And yet, the number of some species of animals in a number of places is declining. First of all, this concerns the Amur tiger, muskrat, European mink, bison. All of them are included in the Red Book. It is necessary to tighten measures to protect these species of animals.

Animals listed in the Red Book Red wolf Amur tiger

Amur Forest Cat West Siberian Beaver

Dahurian hedgehog And others.....

In order for animals not to disappear, reserves, wildlife sanctuaries and national parks have been created.

Reserves Reserves - samples of untouched, wild nature - are rightly called natural laboratories. The exclusive role of reserves in the conservation and restoration of the rarest animals, plants, unique landscapes, and other nature reserves. Thanks to the activities of the reserves, some rare animals have become commercial animals; they now provide us with furs, medicinal raw materials, and other valuable products. The brightest and most interesting studies on the ecology of animals and birds were carried out in nature reserves. Vodlozersky National Park Kenozersky National Park Zabaikalsky National Park And others

Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve A real pearl of nature in the southern Moscow region, thanks to the unique combination of flora and fauna protected by the reserve. The impressive area of ​​4900 ha is inhabited by 54 species of mammals: elks, wild boars, martens, weasels, badgers, hares, ..., occasionally wolves and lynxes come. In the rich bird fauna of the Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve, there are 137 species: finches, warblers, black grouse, capercaillie, hazel grouses, hawks, kites, kestrels, tawny owls, little owl, ... and even stroke bison and bison. Bison is a "wild forest bull" - the largest ungulate animal of the European continent, which is rightfully considered a contemporary of the mammoth

If we do not protect nature. If we also behave as now, then they will disappear.

Touching the grass with hooves, A handsome man walks through the forest, Walks boldly and easily, Elk spreading its horns wide

Like a royal crown, He wears his horns. Eats lichen, green moss. Likes snow meadows.

beauties deer

Where the blizzard is angry in the tundra, Where the big earth ends, Almost a fox lives there, It is called ...

Tail with a fluffy arc, do you know such an animal? Sharp-toothed, dark-eyed, Likes to climb trees. He builds his house in a hollow. To live warm in winter.

And our other close friends

I would like to tell you how we created a project about pets.

The project is one of the new, non-traditional forms of educational activity. The creation of the project is aimed at enhancing the cognitive activity of students, allows you to realize both the creative and organizational abilities of the teacher himself, and to achieve the most important thing we are working on - to enable children to reveal their abilities.

This is a creative work, devoid of templates. Project activity in my view is the construction of something new, interesting.

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Design technologies in the work of the primary school teacher Lyudmila Petrovna Kurtseva

this is one of the new, non-traditional forms of educational activity, aimed at the development of mental, cognitive, creative, search, experimental activities of students. Project -

The theme of the project: to instill responsibility for their pets; "Our pets" Tasks: to replenish students' knowledge about the features of the life of pets and the benefits they bring to humans; teach children to control their activities, to be responsible for their obligations.

Types of work Messages Compositions Drawings Historical facts Riddles Questioning crafts Crossword puzzles Biological tasks

Posts about cats

Dog posts

Z A G A D K I We have a lump lives in an apartment, He is all made of wool. And if they offend him, He releases his claws in an instant. I swim under the bridge And wag my tail. I don’t walk on the ground, I have a mouth, but I don’t speak. I have eyes, I don't blink. I have wings - I can't fly. I settle down deftly: I have a closet with me. Where is the closet? For the cheek! Here I am cunning!

Elena Levina

Project relevance

Compassion for animals is so closely related to kindness of character that it is safe to say that one who is cruel to animals cannot be a kind person. (A. Schopenhauer)

October 4 is World Animal Day. Russia is the largest country in the world in terms of area. A significant part of the land representatives of the world fauna lives in our country: about 300 species of mammals and more than 700 species of various birds. Currently, many of them need special protection, because they are on the verge of extinction. In order to help them, it is necessary, among other measures, to educate a generation that treats all life on Earth humanely.

Preschool childhood is a very important stage in the upbringing of an attentive, kind, sensitive and caring child who is able to harmoniously feel himself in the world around him. According to the authors of the project, one of the main tasks of parents and teachers is to form moral feelings and moral assessments of the child. It is necessary to promote the development of emotional susceptibility and responsiveness of children. Our project is aimed at solving this problem by introducing the child to the animal world of Russia.

The relevance of this project lies in the fact that it is necessary to lay the first landmarks of the child in the world of animals, to form elementary knowledge and skills of correct interaction with animals, respect for them. It is necessary to prevent in children such a vice as a heartless attitude towards animals, any manifestation of callousness and cruelty towards living beings. The project contributes to the formation of a child's interest in wild animals, introduces the world of animals and birds living in our country, gives an idea of ​​their habitat, promotes the development of horizons, fostering love and respect for nature. A child who loves animals and knows enough about them will not destroy nests and anthills, offend animals and birds.

Obviously, the most accessible for children is getting to know and observing pets such as cats, dogs, hamsters, budgerigars and other pets that many people have at home. Our project is dedicated to acquaintance with wild animals that can be found on the territory of Russia. The most accessible place for such an acquaintance in the modern world is the zoo. It is here that the child has the opportunity to observe the world of animals in a close to natural environment.

This project was prepared thanks to a visit to the Limpopo Zoo in Nizhny Novgorod and the Samara Zoo.

Contradiction Throughout the history of the Earth, animals have died out for one reason or another. Some died in the course of evolution, others due to natural disasters or climate change. In our time, the main reason for the extinction of many species of animals has become human activities: hunting and collecting, the destruction of natural habitats and environmental pollution. When the death rate among individuals of a particular species exceeds birth, that species is threatened with death.

In 2001, a new edition of the Red Book of Russia was published, which included 123 species of birds and 65 species of mammals. The idea of ​​creating the "Red Book" first appeared among scientists in the 50s. last century. Ecologists wanted to draw the attention of the international community to the state of nature and the need to save endangered species of animals and plants. The "Red Book" includes information about the distribution, abundance and biology of rare and endangered animals. A special section proposes measures for the protection and restoration of the number of these animals.

In our project, we will introduce the child to some of the animals listed in the Red Book of Russia, and also give an idea of ​​​​the scientific concept of the Red Book.

Hypothesis

The world of animals is unusually diverse and attractive to children. Various situations of communication with animals arouse the interest and curiosity of the child, develop cognitive interest in nature, thinking, coherent speech, contribute to the enrichment of vocabulary. The perception of the animal world helps to develop such qualities as cheerfulness, emotionality, attentive attitude to all living things.

During the first seven years of life, the formation of self-consciousness takes place: the child distinguishes himself from the objective world, begins to understand his place in the circle of close and familiar people, begins to consciously navigate in the surrounding objective-natural world and isolate its values.

The consciously correct attitude of children to the world around them is based on its sensory perception, emotional attitude to this world, and communication with animals and observation of them plays an important role in this. Such communication develops visual-figurative, visual-effective and conceptual thinking, fosters a cognitive attitude to the world around, contributes to the accumulation of moral and value experience, fostering love, careful and caring attitude towards all living things, and also develops the aesthetic sphere of the child. The knowledge accumulated in the process of a child's communication with animals provides him with an understanding of specific situations in the behavior of animals, their correct assessment and adequate response. The child learns the various laws of animal life, the peculiarity of the adaptation of living beings to environmental conditions, the features of their interaction with humans. Properly organized observations teach not only to look, but also to see, not only to listen, but also to hear. It is on their basis that independent judgments are born, the ability to generalize, to notice changes, which leads to a gradual accumulation and deepening of knowledge. The child develops the habit of not only noticing the unusual, the surprising, but also learns to find something interesting in the ordinary, familiar. Watching animals awakens a keen interest and curiosity in children, which contributes to the development of their emotional sphere, cognitive abilities and thinking, a certain emotional mood in children that occurs when communicating with animals also contributes to learning.

Thus, direct observation in nature is of great importance for the child and is an important condition for the accumulation of diverse ideas about the animal world.

Target

Acquaintance of the child with the world of wild animals living in Russia. The development of curiosity and cognitive interest in the life of animals. Teach your child to respect animals.

Tasks

1. Give an idea of ​​the diversity of the animal world of our country.

2. To acquaint the child with the characteristic features of the appearance, behavior, nutrition, lifestyle of some animals and birds living in Russia.

3. Raise a caring attitude towards animals. To promote the formation of good feelings, interest and love for animals in the child.

4. Acquaintance with rare endangered species of animals, with the scientific concept of the "Red Book".

5. Develop creative activity, attention, imagination, memory.

6. Stimulate the child's desire to reflect the acquired knowledge in their artistic and productive activities (drawings of favorite animals, making crafts on the theme of the animal world).

7. Develop curiosity and the desire to study nature and the world around us.

Estimated result

The main result of the project was the understanding by the child of the need for the existence of animals on Earth and respect for them. The project allowed the child to deepen and accumulate knowledge, expand their understanding of the habits and needs of animals, develop an attentive, sensitive attitude towards all living things. The child received the simplest ideas about measures aimed at protecting the lives of endangered animals.

“I feed the markhor goat. It is listed in the International Red Book.

Cameroon goat. Very sociable and affectionate animal. Its distinctive feature is the small horns bent back, which cannot cause injury.