Vomiting of bile in a child without fever. Why a child may vomit bile and what to do

Vomiting of bile in a child is a direct indication that the patient has diseases of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Requires an immediate response to pathology.

The presence of bile in a child’s vomit is a condition that is not typical for children’s health. When bile acids enter the stomach, irritation of the walls occurs and gastritis develops.

Continuous vomiting against the background of additional diarrhea in a short time can lead to dehydration of the child’s body - a pathological condition that can lead to death. To maintain the water balance of a weakened body, the child needs to be given small amounts of water frequently; special saline solutions from pharmacies are suitable for this. If your baby has dark circles under the eyes, bad breath, angular facial features, dry mucous membranes, or rapid heartbeat, you should immediately call an ambulance.

The presence of bile signals serious malfunctions in the child’s body. Almost always, when such a pathology occurs, a small patient requires medication and careful diagnosis; there are many reasons why a child vomits bile. Concomitant symptoms and medical examinations will tell you about these reasons.

Causes of vomiting bile without diarrhea and fever

The causes of bile vomiting in a child without fever and diarrhea are functional disorders of the digestive system, pathologies of the central nervous system, and endocrine diseases. Such disorders include:

dyskinesia (obstruction) of the biliary tract;
congenital or acquired, as a result of surgery, insufficiency of the gastric sphincter;
calculous cholecystitis, the exacerbation of which is preceded by prolonged pain in the right hypochondrium, jaundice, itching, peeling of the skin;
acute pancreatitis, in which paroxysmal pain is accompanied by vomiting with bile, and each subsequent attack has a longer duration;
enzyme deficiency;
acute appendicitis;
consumption of fatty, spicy, high-carbohydrate foods, regular overeating.

Pain in the abdomen and bad breath from a child’s mouth often accompany digestive tract disorders. Relatively safe causes of vomiting with bile are stress in the child, chronic fatigue or excessive activity of a preschool child due to a lack of pancreatic enzymes.

Poisoning with medications, expired food, and household chemicals has pronounced symptoms, pain, and stool becomes dark in color. Chemical intoxication, in addition to vomiting, causes a burn of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

What a temperature condition may indicate

Yellow vomiting with elevated body temperature, accompanied by chills, pallor and stickiness of the skin, pain and cramping in the abdomen, and loose frequent stools indicates acute infections. Salmonellosis, escherichiosis, and dysentery disrupt the process of bile outflow and provoke its reflux into the stomach.

Viral hepatitis A is manifested by yellowing of the sclera of the eyes and yellowness of the skin, and the reflux of bile into the stomach.

The symptoms of intestinal disorders of an infectious nature are pronounced, making a diagnosis is not difficult.

Treatment methods for pathological conditions in which vomiting of bile occurs in a small child without fever or with its presence depend on the cause of the disease. An indispensable condition for a speedy recovery is the prevention of dehydration; in this case, it will not be possible to do without hospital treatment.

Dysfunction of the digestive organs is subject to drug therapy by a gastroenterologist. Vomiting with bile persists until the disease is completely eliminated; treatment is symptomatic; it is necessary to follow a diet.

In case of malnutrition, it is necessary to remain at rest for several hours, abstain from any meals, and give the digestive organs rest.

If there is bitterness in the mouth and heartburn, if the baby is nauseous, the doctor will prescribe medications that stabilize the acidity in the stomach and relieve inflammation of the mucous membranes. These drugs include drugs from the group of antacids, available in the form of suspensions or lozenges. You cannot prescribe such drugs on your own without consulting a doctor due to the extensive list of contraindications.

The approach in medicine to the treatment of bacterial or viral infections of the digestive organs is completely different. It is not recommended to stop such vomiting and diarrhea until the digestive tract is completely cleansed of pathological microorganisms, supplementing the treatment with drinking plenty of fluids in small sips from a spoon or from a syringe and taking sorbents. Drinking a large volume of liquid once provokes greater irritation of the stomach walls. If there is abdominal pain, if the child has a fever and fever, the symptoms are relieved with painkillers and antipyretics. In severe cases of intoxication, the patient is prescribed antibiotic therapy, the course is usually at least 7 days; you should not stop taking the tablets before the prescribed time once the patient’s condition improves.

Diet is an important component of treatment; after the attacks of nausea have stopped, you should observe food rest for at least 6 hours, refusing any meals. You shouldn't feed a child if he doesn't want to eat. When appetite is restored, liquid porridges without milk and butter, low-fat broths, and pureed vegetable soups are introduced into the diet. The menu is expanded gradually, using the same principle to increase the amount of food eaten.

Dr. Komarovsky advises that before the doctor arrives, place the child horizontally so that the head is on an elevation, turned to one side, this will help prevent vomit from entering the respiratory system. Until a specialist arrives, you should refrain from treating with drugs from your home medicine cabinet - this may make it difficult to make a correct diagnosis.

Possible complications

A single vomiting mixed with bile against the background of a stable physical and emotional state is caused by a malfunction in the digestive tract. Several repeated episodes of vomiting indicate systemic digestive dysfunction or serious food poisoning. You should not delay calling a doctor; this may worsen the underlying disease, which will require more time for treatment and rehabilitation. In the case of intestinal poisoning, it will lead to dehydration and loss of consciousness. The younger the child, the higher the risk; treating an infant without the necessary diagnosis and participation of a doctor is unacceptable.

In any case, parents should remember that vomiting bile is not normal. Specialist intervention is required to prevent the disease from becoming chronic.

If a child vomits bile, this is always a cause for concern and anxiety among his parents. But you need to figure out why this happens, when you need to see a doctor, and what to do on your own.

If a child vomits bile, this is always a cause for concern and anxiety among his parents

Causes of vomiting

In some cases, vomiting bile in a child is a harmless phenomenon. If a child vomits bile, this can happen after a heavy meal and too much activity of the baby. The reason for this condition is the reflux of bile into the epigastric region. In this situation, the child’s vomiting is not accompanied by fever or diarrhea and occurs once.

Most often, vomiting of bile in children occurs due to a reason such as food poisoning or other pathological processes in the organs of the digestive system. Children vomit repeatedly, but there is no relief. In addition, additional symptoms appear in the form of diarrhea, intense pain in any part of the stomach, chills or hyperthermia.

The main causes of vomiting with bile include:

Infectious processes in the intestinal tract.
Pathological processes occurring in the gall bladder.
Pylorospasms.
Development of an attack of acute appendicitis.
Colic in the gall bladder.
Presence of intestinal obstruction.
Presence of food poisoning.
Congenital pathologies, for example, narrowing of the upper parts of the digestive system.
Development of renal colic.
The development of thrombosis of blood vessels in the intestinal tract.
Pathological processes in the brain.

There are also certain factors that are not dangerous. They directly affect the fact that the child vomits bile, but without fever and diarrhea. Among the factors that cause vomiting without diarrhea are:

psycho-emotional stress;
excessively active games, especially after a heavy meal;
consumption of excessively fatty and spicy foods.

Under the influence of these factors, vomiting occurs once or twice, without affecting the general condition of the baby. Any treatment should be carried out only after examination using diagnostic methods prescribed by your doctor. It is unacceptable to give children any medications on your own.

Vomiting of bile in infants

The reason for vomiting in infants is that the baby cannot tolerate the foods that his parents begin to give him.

Sometimes even a baby may vomit. This rarely happens. The reason is usually that the baby cannot tolerate the foods that his parents begin to give him. In the morning, this condition can occur if there are pathologies of the gallbladder (for example, biliary dyskinesia, bending of the gallbladder, insufficient secretion of enzymes by the organ to digest “adult” food).

In the presence of certain diseases, in order to prevent stagnation of bile, the doctor prescribes choleretic drugs approved in childhood. You cannot give them to children on your own.

If such attacks are associated with the too early introduction of complementary foods, especially heavy foods, you should wait to feed them to the baby, his digestive system must be mature enough to digest them.

Vomiting with bile in children over one year of age

Attacks of vomiting mixed with bile in children over one year of age are also often associated with the fact that their parents are overly keen on complementary feeding, trying to transfer them to the adult table as quickly as possible.

In this case, the baby’s digestive tract receives those foods that his intestines are not yet able to digest on their own. In such a situation, food begins to ferment and the processes of rotting begin to develop. Therefore, the body tries to get rid of such food as quickly as possible.

Also, such a symptom may signal the development of more serious processes, for example, viral or bacterial agents enter the body, which cause inflammatory or infectious processes. Therefore, it is very important to take appropriate measures in a timely manner.

Symptoms of diseases

Symptoms of intestinal tract diseases in childhood cannot be ignored by a specialist. Especially with nausea and vomiting, which lasts repeatedly, accompanied by abdominal pain. If green vomit with bile appears, this indicates that liver or gallbladder diseases are developing, or there are disturbances in the outflow of bile. More often than not, such symptoms are accompanied by acute pain.

If vomiting is repeated, accompanied by chills or fever, the baby should not be left in this condition without medical help. It is necessary to contact a specialist as quickly as possible, who will prescribe competent treatment for the child’s liver or gall bladder, having first determined what this symptom means in children.

What to do if your child is vomiting bile

If your child is vomiting bile, it is important to first contact your pediatrician.

What to do if a child vomits bile? If your child is vomiting bile, it is important to first contact your pediatrician. It will determine why the baby is throwing up or why he is burping or vomiting bile. Having determined what the child has, the doctor will prescribe treatment or simply advise changing the diet. Sometimes, having found out why a child is vomiting with jelly, it is enough to exclude provoking foods from the diet.

If the cause is stagnation of bile or bending of the gallbladder, treatment methods involve the use of choleretic drugs and hepatoprotectors, approved in childhood.

First aid for vomiting bile

First aid for vomiting consists of the following:

Giving clean drinking water will help prevent the development of dehydration.
Let the baby not lie on his back; it is better to let him recline or sit so that vomit does not enter the respiratory tract.
Be sure to call a doctor.
If hyperthermia is present, Nurofen or Ibufen can be given.
Do not give antibacterial or antiemetic medications.

What not to do when vomiting bile

During an attack of vomiting with bile contents, you should not:

Carry out rinsing with a solution of potassium permanganate.
Carry out rinsing if the baby is unconscious.
Until the doctor arrives, the baby will be allowed to remain on his own.
Feed or give large amounts of liquid at once.

Tips from Komarovsky if a child is vomiting bile

You should not feed children five hours after an attack. After the condition has eased, you can give your baby mushy food, light soups or porridge.

Diet

A child's stomach is not yet able to digest adult food. Therefore, adult portions of food should not be given to infants.

Complementary foods are introduced according to the scheme. And if the condition improves after vomiting, it is recommended to follow a diet for a few more days - light soups, rice porridge, vegetable purees.

Video

Vomiting causes and symptoms. Vomiting in children and adults.

Vomiting of bile in a child can be caused by various reasons: poor diet, problems with the intestines, gall bladder, liver, as well as hepatitis or viral diseases. Be that as it may, vomiting is a warning sign. So that parents can understand what the reasons for this phenomenon are, they should know exactly what the child ate during the last 24 hours.

Briefly about the process

The body's reflex defense reactions are vomiting and nausea. They help cleanse the digestive tract of substances that are dangerous to the baby’s health. The baby may experience an attack of severe nausea, even if toxic substances have entered the body, for example, through the lungs.

Vomiting bile in a child can be a symptom of diseases such as cholecystitis and gastritis. Whatever the cause of this condition, parents need to immediately consult a doctor. This is especially true in cases where adults are unable to independently determine the cause of such an attack. Or in the case when the child has a fever, and nausea and vomiting are intense.

The doctor will most likely be able to determine the possible causes of this condition based on the nature of the vomit, which parents should pay close attention to.

Why does babies vomit?

Vomiting of bile in a child occurs for completely different reasons, so before starting treatment, you need to understand what caused it. It could be:

That is why parents need to carefully monitor the health of their children so that, if necessary, they promptly contact doctors for help.

How to help your baby with vomiting?

For parents, the situation is when a child starts vomiting bile. What to do in this case? How to alleviate the baby's condition? What actions should you take first? There is a certain general algorithm for behavior in this situation.

Immediately seek help from a doctor, describing in detail the child’s condition.
Calm the baby, and also pull yourself together and keep your cool.
Do not interrupt the vomiting process, allowing the child to completely empty the stomach of its contents. Not all doctors recommend this action, because the gastric mucosa is already inflamed. In any case, if the parents decide to do the rinsing, under no circumstances should they use potassium permanganate!
Give your child activated charcoal (or any other absorbent drug of your choice) and one or two glasses of water.
Put the baby in the crib.
If some time has passed and the attack recurs, you can offer the child some water with half a teaspoon of salt added to a glass of water (or soda on the tip of a knife).
After vomiting, do not let the baby eat for the next 6-12 hours (unless the doctor suggests another solution).
Under no circumstances should you leave your child alone.

These simple rules will make it possible to at least slightly alleviate the little one’s condition and allow you to wait more calmly for the doctor to arrive.

Fever and diarrhea

Vomiting of bile in a child without fever may not worry parents too much and may not cause them to suspect the presence of any dangerous condition. But it is not so.

If vomiting attacks are not accompanied by stool disturbances, this indicates that there are no intestinal lesions. This condition is typical for diseases of the upper parts of the digestive system, for example, the esophagus or stomach, poisoning, endocrine diseases, and pathologies of the central nervous system.

Vomiting of bile in a child with a fever, accompanied by diarrhea, can occur with food poisoning or non-infectious intestinal diseases.

Fever, gastrointestinal damage or something else?

Vomiting of bile in a child, fever, diarrhea - these symptoms usually indicate the development of an intestinal infection. True, the same set can be caused by the baby’s consumption of certain foods. After all, the intestines of toddlers who have not yet celebrated their third birthday are not fully mature. Therefore, the food that is easily tolerated by older children becomes the cause of fever and dyspepsia for younger ones.

If a baby’s vomiting is combined with fever, this indicates not only damage to the gastrointestinal tract. This can happen with acetone syndrome and meningitis. If the child is under 7 years old, then vomiting of bile in a child may occur along with elevated body temperature, without damage to the digestive system or brain. It happens at the very peak of the temperature increase, usually once.

Preventing dehydration

Vomiting bile and diarrhea in a child can cause dehydration. To prevent this from happening, you need to give him plenty of water to drink. But you can’t drink a lot at once, because this will cause a second attack, because the walls of the little one’s stomach are already irritated.

You can give your baby a solution of glucose or salts from pharmaceutical powders. Any mother can make such a solution herself. You just need to mix sugar, salt and soda. Dissolve these substances in a small amount in a glass of water. Drink a teaspoon of the solution once every ten minutes.

Summing up

So, vomiting in a baby can begin as a result of diseases of the liver and gall bladder, as well as poisoning with low-quality food, which is not yet suitable for the baby’s age. Therefore, parents are obliged to very carefully monitor the child’s diet and undergo all preventive examinations with a pediatrician on time.

You should not treat a toddler without the participation of a doctor. After all, if vomiting is repeated and causes loss of consciousness or dehydration, it is necessary to urgently hospitalize the baby in a hospital. And before suggesting that your child take this or that drug, it is better to consult a doctor.

Vomiting in babies can occur due to the fact that all organs and systems of the body are not fully formed. An infection that enters an immature digestive system will cause a more violent reaction in a child’s body than in an adult. Eating fatty, salty or sour foods the day before can cause yellow vomit in a child.

Causes of bilious vomiting in a child

There may be several reasons why a child may vomit bile. The main ones include:

Poisoning that occurred. Intoxication could be caused by poor-quality food, taking medications to which the child has an individual intolerance, etc. The temperature ranged from 37.5, 38.5 degrees.
Cholecystitis. It occurs as a result of the inflammatory process in the gallbladder, and the subsequent failure of its normal functioning. The disease is characterized by excessive production of bile, which, when it enters the stomach, provokes irritation and a gag reflex.
Wrong diet. The body may react with nausea and vomiting to foods that are not appropriate for the child’s age. The enzymes present in the baby’s body cannot fully process heavy, salty, fatty foods. Against the background of their retention in the gastrointestinal tract, the fermentation process occurs. This causes vomiting.
Infection. When harmful microorganisms penetrate, the body reacts to the infection, which contains bile.
Viral hepatitis. This disease is characterized by liver damage. Hepatitis in the acute stage is accompanied by bile.
Acute appendicitis. It is accompanied not only by gagging, but also by loose stools, the frequency of which reaches 7–10 times a day.
Intestinal obstruction. This pathology requires urgent contact with a specialist who will prescribe the necessary treatment.

How to help a child

If vomiting occurs, you should immediately call an ambulance. Before the doctors arrive, it is necessary to calm the small child, provide him with peace and temporarily stop his physical activity.

There is no need to feed your baby while vomiting. The only exception is children in the first year of life, who must be fed with breast milk.

Carry out a number of procedures that will improve the baby:

Rinse the stomach with warm clean water. Offer your child to drink in small sips. The amount of liquid drunk should be at least three glasses;
Give your child activated charcoal. Crush the tablets (1 tablet per 10 kilograms of body weight is calculated) and dissolve in 100 ml of water. An alternative is smecta. Mix 1 packet in a glass of water. Divide the reception into several times.
Put the baby to bed. Place a pillow under your head so that your head is higher than your body. It is forbidden to place the baby on his back. This can cause choking on vomit. It is allowed to place the child on the right side to prevent a rush of bile.
If the child's condition is accompanied by fever, give him an antipyretic (nurofen syrup, analdim suppositories, children's paracetamol in syrup). At a temperature below 37.4 degrees, there is no need to give an antipyretic.

While the medical team is waiting, you should not leave the little patient alone, feed him, or perform gastric lavage with saline or manganese solution.

Vomiting of bile in infants

Vomiting of bile in a child without fever can occur due to improper latching on the breast during feeding. When breastfeeding, a large amount of air enters the baby's stomach, which causes vomiting. If the baby does not feed on the mother’s breast, but on formula, vomiting can be caused by ordinary overeating or an excessive number of feedings per day, which is not appropriate for the child’s age.

The incessant urge to empty the stomach should cause concern for parents. And also if the baby’s vomit has a green tint and contains mucus. This may be a consequence of pyloric stenosis. This disease is caused by the pathological structure of the opening that connects the intestines to the stomach. It can be so narrow that it will be an obstacle even for food in liquid form.

If your baby has a hard stomach, vomiting does not stop, stool contains bloody inclusions, or the body temperature is elevated, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Should I see a doctor to treat vomiting?

The threat to the health and life of the baby increases if its age does not exceed 12 months. Self-medication can worsen the child's condition. Therefore, calling an ambulance is mandatory. Timely diagnosis of vomiting will help in treatment, which will relieve the baby from the consequences of vomiting on his health.

If, after a doctor’s examination and tests, any disease is detected, the baby will be admitted to the hospital for further treatment. It will consist of the following points:

taking rehydration medications. They will restore the disturbed water-electrolyte balance of the body. One of these drugs is rehydron;
antibacterial drugs. Indicated in case of diagnosis of intestinal infection. Azithromycin and cefixime have proven themselves well;
taking sorbents. They are good at removing toxins and other harmful substances from the body. In addition to activated carbon and smecta, children can drink atoxil and enterosgel. The dosage is prescribed by the attending physician;
antispasmodic drugs. They are able to eliminate painful sensations that appear against the background of smooth muscle spasm. For young children, it is permissible to use no-shpa or drotaverine;
Motilium and Cerucal are used as drugs that will stop it.

There are some diseases that can only be eliminated through surgery. For example, with pyloric stenosis, acute appendicitis, intestinal obstruction.

If you provide a sick child with first aid and medical care in a timely manner, you can confidently hope for a speedy recovery without further health consequences. In severe cases, treatment is carried out in hospital. If vomiting occurs in an infant or premature baby, treatment of even a mild degree of the disease should be in a hospital under round-the-clock medical supervision.

Folk recipes for restoring digestion in a child

You can restore a child’s digestive system when vomiting bile using traditional medicine methods. However, do not forget that the treatment is carried out on very young children, and such methods also have contraindications. Therefore, you should first consult with your pediatrician.

These treatment methods include:

juice from vegetables. It is recommended to combine potato, cabbage and carrot juice;
pumpkin seeds. They help normalize bile production. Children over three years old can be given up to five seeds every day;
flax seeds. Restores digestion and pancreatic function. The decoction will require 50 g of seeds. Pour water over them and boil for 45 minutes over low heat. Drink 1 teaspoon before meals every morning;
dill infusion Pour 250 ml of boiling water over a spoon of grated greens and let it brew for 3 hours. Regular intake will relieve the baby from bloating;
beet juice Eliminates bile stagnation, improves the condition after repeated vomiting. Grind the boiled beets and squeeze through cheesecloth. Drink juice 1 tsp. twice a day half an hour before meals.

Nausea combined with vomiting is an alarming signal indicating health problems. And if a child vomits bile, parents always have cause for concern, since the condition is associated with abdominal pain, a bitter taste in the mouth and an increase in body temperature. Gastric masses are yellow, green or yellow-green. They cannot be ignored. The child needs to be given all possible help and then see a doctor.

Why does a child spew bile?

Before taking any action, parents must know exactly what they are dealing with. Yellow vomit has several serious causes.

Gallbladder diseases. With cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia and cholelithiasis, the organ functions poorly. If bile enters the stomach, the child first feels nauseous and then vomits.
Intestinal infections. Vomiting in this case acts as a kind of defense of the body against bacterial damage. Repeated emptying of the stomach leads to the re-entry of bile, and the cycle continues.
Viral hepatitis. Damage to the liver and bile ducts leads to vomiting with the release of bile. The baby has loose stools and stomach pain. Viruses are to blame.

If a child vomits in the morning, this indicates overeating of fatty, spicy or fried foods consumed during dinner. In adolescence, yellow gastric mass can be released against the background of strong alcohol intoxication. In newborns, regurgitation of bile is a symptom of intestinal obstruction or pyloric spasm.

Among these reasons, pediatrician Komarovsky considers gallbladder diseases and early transfer of the child to the common family table to be the most common. The enzyme system in children under 7 years of age is still poorly developed, so an adult diet is not suitable for them. Also, vomiting with bile can be a harbinger of appendicitis.

Neurogenic factors can provoke a gag reflex with the release of bile in children. These are improper blood circulation in the brain, acute emotional disorders, and psychosomatic diseases. Gastric masses with strange impurities can be released due to renal pathologies and sexual dysfunctions. In childhood, the described case occurs with diseases of the pharynx, pharynx, and root of the tongue.

How to alleviate a child's condition

What should parents do when such a nuisance occurs as a child vomiting bile? Firstly, do not panic yourself and calm your frightened child. Perform subsequent actions according to the diagram below:

Induce a gag reflex by first giving the child 2 to 3 glasses of boiled water.
Reduce intoxication with Smecta or Activated Carbon. Smecta solution is prepared at the rate of 1 sachet per 1 glass of water. You can make a suspension from coal tablets, guided by the ratio of 1 tablet. x 10 kg of child's weight.
Place the patient in bed so that the head is placed higher, and preferably on its side.
If the child is worried not only about vomiting, but also about fever, it is necessary to eliminate the fever. Let the patient take Ibufen or Paracetamol.

Here is a small list of activities that experts strongly recommend that parents do not do.

Leave the patient unattended until the doctor arrives.
Arrange gastric lavage using a solution of potassium permanganate.
Try to do the washing while the baby is unconscious.
Give plenty of food or water to a child who has recently vomited bile.

Principles of pathology therapy

If vomiting bile was sporadic, you can do nothing - the condition will stabilize on its own. But if the attacks become more frequent, you need to visit a doctor and undergo the recommended examinations with your child. Based on their answers, the specialist diagnoses a functional disorder of the digestive organ. For treatment, the child will be prescribed suitable choleretic medications:

Holaflux;
Flamin;
Holagogum;
Berberine et al.

From folk remedies, children are recommended to make herbal teas, the components of which have choleretic properties. Immortelle, mint or angelica should be taken in the amount of 1 tsp, pour 200 ml of boiling water and cover for 15 minutes. Give the child 4 rubles. per day before meals. Single dosage – ½ cup. Course – 10 days.

How else can you help your child? Nutritionists advise giving the patient cool lime and cranberry juices. For frequent episodes of bilious vomiting, tea with ginger and cinnamon is helpful. You should not feed your baby products with caffeine during therapy. It is also necessary to abstain from tomatoes and citrus fruits - they irritate the gastric mucosa.

Daily meals should be portioned, that is, the child should eat little and often. You can’t have dinner right before bed, drink black tea, soda, or coffee. It is important to eliminate spices from your diet. It is advisable to sleep on your side.