List of heart medications without prescriptions. Types of effective heart medications

When treating the heart and blood vessels, drugs from several medicinal groups are used - drugs to improve myocardial function, drugs that restore sinus rhythm, cardiac glycosides. Among them are such time-tested tablets as Nitroglycerin, and new heart drugs - statins, aldosterone antagonists, ACE inhibitors.

Medicines for the heart

The list of drugs used to treat the heart includes drugs from the following groups:

  • beta blockers;
  • ACE inhibitors (angiotensin converting enzyme);
  • aldosterone antagonists;
  • Ca++ channel blockers (calcium antagonists);
  • diuretics;
  • cardiac glycosides.

ACE inhibitors

ACE inhibitors are vital drugs for the heart, used in combination with diuretics or calcium antagonists.

The list of ACE inhibitors, which are prescribed to strengthen blood vessels and maintain the heart muscle, and treat heart pain, includes tablets, injections (injections), and heart drops:

  • with the active ingredient captopril - drugs with the names Capoten, Angiopril;
  • with enalapril - Enap, Renitek, Renipril tablets;
  • with ramipril - Pyramil, Amprilan;
  • with lisinopril - Diroton, Lysigamma.

Drugs for the treatment of heart failure:

  • Monopril, Fosinap, based on the active ingredient fosinopril;
  • Quadropril - based on spirapril;
  • heart medicine Stoppress or Peristar - based on perindopril.

The strengthening effect of ACE inhibitors on the myocardium has been proven by increasing blood flow and improving glucose absorption. Combination medications with ACE inhibitors and diuretics or potassium antagonists help normalize blood pressure in hypertension and reduce the risk of death.

The list of complex ACE inhibitors includes the following drugs:

  • ACE inhibitors + diuretic:
    • Capozide;
    • Enalapril N, Enap N;
    • Co-diroton;
    • Noliprel A;
    • Fozzicard N;
  • ACE inhibitors with calcium antagonists;
    • Enap L combi;
    • Equacard;
    • Triapin.

Ca++ channel blockers

Drugs from the group of Ca ++ channel blockers are prescribed for the treatment of ischemia, heart failure, and used for cardiac arrhythmia.

Ca++ channel blockers include:

  • 1st generation drugs (Nifedipine, Verapamil) - half-life 3-12 hours, take tablets 4 times a day;
  • 2nd generation drugs (Nimodipine, Felodipine, Gallopamil, Tiapamil, Diltiazem) – a long half-life allows the drugs to be prescribed 2 times a day;
  • Almodipine, Lercarnidipine, Lacidipine, which belong to the 3rd generation, can be taken once a day.

Beta blockers

Drugs from the group of beta blockers are prescribed to treat heart failure due to hypertension.

To treat the heart, beta blockers are used:

  • non-selective (Propranolol) - act on beta 1, beta 2 adrenergic receptors;
  • selective (Metoprolol, Atenolol) - block beta1 - adrenergic receptors, selectively act on myocardial receptors.

Beta1 blockers are predominantly used. They are used to treat chronic heart failure, improve the condition of the myocardium, and increase the survival rate of patients.

Metoprolol and Bisopolol are proven to be effective. These names and their analogues, which include the drugs Betalok, Corvitol, Vazocardin, Egilok, are most often prescribed for heart pain due to ischemia, tachycardia, and myocardial infarction.

Thrombolytic agents

For heart disease, medications are prescribed to reduce the risk of blood clots. To reduce blood viscosity and reduce the risk of blood clots, patients are advised to take the anti-inflammatory drug aspirin daily.

Cardiomagnyl is a fairly safe product for daily use containing aspirin. In addition to aspirin, it contains magnesium hydroxide, which protects the gastric mucosa from the effects of aspirin.

Cardio-Magnyl tablets in the shape of a heart are prescribed for the treatment of the heart in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, for the elderly, used for diabetes, obesity, and to prevent a recurrent heart attack.

Nitrates

For ischemia, drugs from the nitrate group that improve heart function are used. Taking Nitroglycerin tablets under the tongue successfully relieves angina within 5 minutes, relieving heart pain.

But these tablets will be useless for treating the heart if the pain is caused by a non-cardiac cause, for example, intercostal neuralgia, for which Baralgin, Nice, Melox Forte, and other drugs from the list of drugs for neuralgia will be required.

Nitrates dilate peripheral veins, reduce blood flow to the myocardium, and reduce its need for oxygen. The medications have antiplatelet activity, which reduces the risk of a blood clot blocking the bloodstream.

Antiplatelet activity and rapid action make it possible to use drugs in this group for the treatment and maintenance of the heart in older people.

For pain in the heart, they resort to using:

  • Nitroglycerin;
  • Nitrocor;
  • Sustaka;
  • Kardiketa;
  • Pentacard;
  • Pentrola;
  • Monosana.

Metabolic agents

To maintain the heart, drugs with a cardioprotective effect are taken, without specifying the mechanism of action, a list of tablets in alphabetical order:

  • Inosine (Riboxin);
  • Cocarboxylase;
  • Coenzyme Q10;
  • L-carnitine;
  • Meldonium;
  • Perhexiline;
  • Ranolazine;
  • Trimetazidine;
  • Phosphocreatine;
  • Etomoxir.

Not all drugs from this list are approved for heart treatment in the USA and Europe; some of the names are not found in the prescriptions of foreign cardiologists, either in tablets or in injections. Drugs with unproven effectiveness in the treatment of heart disease include carnitine, taurine, coenzyme Q10, and mildronate.

Cardioprotectors are actively used as sports supplements. But you need to realize that when purchasing cardioprotectors L-carnitine, taurine, focusing on the price and colorful packaging, a person interferes with the work of the heart.

If you really need heart support, it is better to choose not those drugs that look prettier in the window, but to buy tablets prescribed by a doctor for the treatment of heart pain or the prevention of disease.

Drugs that are used to support the functioning of the heart have side effects that, if used for a long time without medical supervision, can, for example, upset the functioning of the stomach and intestines (levocarnitine).

Trimetazidine has been successfully used to treat ischemia, acute infarction, and heart failure. The product is registered in Russia and is used in the USA and Europe, but must be prescribed by a cardiologist.

Based on the drug trimetazidine, many drugs are produced that are prescribed to maintain the contractile activity of the heart and nourish the heart muscle, and prevent angina pectoris:

  • Vero Trimetazidine;
  • Carditrim;
  • Preductal;
  • Trimectal;
  • Trimetazidine Teva.

Heart drops

For heart pain, drops are used:

  • Tricardin;
  • Cardomed;
  • Gerbion;
  • Corvalol;
  • Heart drops;
  • Valocordin.

Drops should not be used uncontrollably and should not be prescribed to yourself. With prolonged use, addiction develops to them, which forces you to increase the dose of the drug. This creates a risk of overdose.

Drugs for the treatment of the elderly

In addition to correcting cardiovascular disorders, older people are prescribed medications to support the heart:

  • statins
    • Atorvastin;
    • Rosuvastin;
  • antithrombins
    • Aspirin;
    • Clopidogrel;
    • Ticagrelol;
  • Ivabradine – tablets Coraxan, Bravadin;
  • ACE inhibitors;
  • beta blockers;
    • Bisoprolol;
    • Metaprolol;
    • Cardevilol

To reduce the pulse rate during tachycardia, beta blockers and ivabradine, a blocker of f channels of the sinus node, are prescribed. Ivabradine (Coraxan) affects the functioning of the sinus node, having a selective effect on the cells that generate impulses that set the sinus heart rate.

Compared with beta blockers, prescribing ivabradine in older adults reduces the risk of bradycardia—a heart rate below 55 beats/minute. To strengthen the heart, drugs in tablets are used - Riboxin, Trimetazidine, Asparkam, Panangin.

Elderly people are prescribed extended-release nitrates:

  • isosorbide dinitrate – Coronex, Karvazin, Nitrosorbide;
  • isosorbide mononitrate – Monoket, Pentacard, Medokor.

To support the functioning of the heart, the elderly are prescribed the drug Trimetazidine. Of the AFP inhibitors, Captopril and Enalapril are mainly used.

In old age, antianginal drugs Amlodipine and Felodipine are used to improve blood flow and reduce oxygen demand. They are recommended for the prevention of angina attacks, strengthening the myocardium in chronic failure, combined with the prescription of nitrates and statins.

The selection of drugs depends on the cause of cardiac pathology. Tablets for heart pain require strict dosage to avoid adverse reactions from the body. For example, nitroglycerin and drugs of the nitrate group provoke headaches if the patient exceeds the dosage prescribed by the doctor. Only a doctor can select the correct treatment regimen for heart medications.

    Show all

    List of effective heart drugs

    Self-prescription of cardiac pills is unacceptable, as it leads to blurring of symptoms. An overdose of them can even kill a person. Only a comprehensive examination makes it possible to draw up an individual treatment regimen. The doctor relies on the patient’s complaints and treats with drugs that improve vascular tone and blood circulation. Normalization of mineral metabolism and blood clotting is required.

    Accordingly, cardiological drugs can be divided into:

    • cardiotonic, that is, enhancing the contractility of the heart;
    • hypotensive;
    • antiarrhythmic;
    • angioprotective, that is, protecting the walls of blood vessels;
    • hypolipidemic, normalizing cholesterol levels;
    • vasodilators;
    • clotting factor inhibitors.

    To prevent heart disease

    Primary prevention of cardiac pathology involves the use of tablets with acetylsalicylic acid or antioxidants. Drugs such as Godasal, Cardiomagnyl, Aspirin Cardio, Aspecard help normalize blood clotting. They provide reliable prevention of blood clots. To improve nutrition of the heart muscle, Riboxin is prescribed in tablets or injections. If you combine it with Cocarboxylase, the effect is enhanced.

    To prevent the appearance of plaques in blood vessels, linoleic and arachidonic acids are prescribed. Vitamin B6 normalizes fat metabolism, lowers the level of bad cholesterol, and promotes improved myocardial conductivity. The entire complex of vitamins necessary for the heart and blood vessels is contained in the preparations Doppelgerz Cardiovital and Biovital.

    Nutritional components contained in fresh sea fish, olive oil and nuts can replace vitamins for the heart in healthy people.

    Potassium and magnesium supplements

    This group of drugs has the following effects:

    • improves metabolism in myocardial tissues;
    • normalize the timing of cardiac impulses;
    • reduce blood viscosity.

    The list of drugs from this category includes:

    • Asparkam;
    • Panangin;
    • Aspartate;
    • Kudesan;
    • Pamaton.

    Pain pills

    Tablets are prescribed depending on the cause of heart pain. Doctors usually recommend nitroglycerin or an aspirin tablet under the tongue. The pain should stop after 5 minutes. It is given again if it still does not pass. In total, no more than 3 tablets are allowed at a time.

    When prescribing medications, they are guided by the nature of the pain. If it is sharp, pressing, accompanied by a sharp burning sensation, then we are talking about angina pectoris. The pain spreads to the scapular region. When it moves to the left shoulder, it may be a sign of myocardial infarction.

    Improved myocardial function

    The functional characteristics of the myocardium are corrected with special tablets that have a targeted effect. Antianginal drugs relieve pain. Antiarrhythmic drugs are used to normalize muscle conduction.

    In case of heart failure, it is necessary to strengthen the contractility of muscle fibers, increase vascular tone, and normalize venous outflow. The greatest load on the heart muscles is exerted by a rapid pulse. In this case, diuretics and cardiac glycosides are recommended.

    Antiarrhythmic therapy

    Rhythm disturbances require drug correction based on improving the conductivity and excitability of muscle fibers. The dosage and selection of tablets is carried out individually and strictly according to the scheme. In case of atrial fibrillation, the type of rhythm disturbance is determined. In any case, magnesium sulfate or orotate is prescribed.

    When diagnosing refractory arrhythmia, Propafenone and Ethmozin are used. If the conduction disturbance is persistent, correction is made with Bisoprolol and Atenolol. A severe condition such as ventricular fibrillation requires the use of Amiodarone. Elderly people often experience myocardial dystrophy. This is an age-related phenomenon accompanied by a decrease in the excitability of muscle fibers. It is difficult to treat. It is impossible to completely restore heart function in chronic failure, but remission can be ensured for a certain period.

    General restorative therapy, including vitamin preparations, is part of a comprehensive treatment. Its goal is to improve tissue trophism.

    Extrasystole is treated with tablets:

    • Novocainamide;
    • Cordarone;
    • Mexilen;
    • Sotalol.

    Heart rhythm disturbances often result from vegetative-vascular dystonia and increased excitability.

    Drugs for tachycardia

    Tachycardia is easily treated if it acts as an independent symptom. Tablets from the group of adrenergic blockers are selected.

    If the rapid heartbeat is neurological in nature, sedatives such as Relanium are prescribed. To slow down the heart rate, Propaferon and Anaprilin are used.

    Medicines for the treatment of heart failure

    ACE inhibitors are recommended for the development of chronic cardiovascular pathology. These drugs are Trandolapril and Captopril. In parallel, diuretics can be used. Beta blockers are prescribed according to indications. These are Metoprolol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol tablets.

    The stronger drug Digoxin is prescribed in exceptional cases to improve the inotropic properties of heart tissue. At the stage of decompensation, first aid is based on intensive therapy for coronary artery disease.

    Herbs in tablets

    Tablets with natural adaptogens act as a complement to the main treatment and are never used as monotherapy. Leuzea safflower and Rhodiola rosea are used. These plants have a general tonic effect and improve cellular respiration, including in myocardial tissues.

    Hawthorn has a cardiotonic, antispasmodic, and sedative effect. It improves lipid metabolism and normalizes sleep. Available without a prescription. At the same time, a set of exercises is used to strengthen muscle fibers.

    Calcium channel blockers

    Drugs in this group are otherwise called calcium antagonists. These drugs inhibit the entry of calcium ions into cells through special channels.

    These ions, in turn, take part in the contraction of the vascular wall and muscle fibers. The drugs are used in the treatment of coronary heart disease, hypertension, and diseases associated with abnormal heart rhythm. These drugs slow down the movement of calcium in the cell. They help dilate coronary vessels and improve blood flow in the muscles of the heart. More oxygen enters the myocardial tissue. At the same time, metabolic products are removed from the cells.

    Classification

    The classification of calcium channel blockers depends on the chemical structure. There are drugs of the first and second generations, which differ from each other in the direction of action and duration of effect.

    Diphenylalkylamine derivatives:

    • first generation. This includes Verapamil. It has other names: Finoptin, Isoptin;
    • second generation. These include Gallopamil, Anipamil, Falipamil.

    Benzothiazepine derivatives:

    • 1st generation. This category includes the drug Diltiazem. Other trade names include: Dilakor, Cardil, Tilzem, Dilzem;
    • 2nd generation: Altiazem.

    Dihydropyridine derivatives:

    • 1st generation, which includes Nifedipine. Other trade names: Corinfar, Cordipin, Cordafen, Fenigidin;
    • 2nd generation: Felodipine, Amlodipine, Nicardipine, Isradipine, Nitrendipine, Nisoldipine, Riodipine.

    Both the heart and blood vessels are affected by derivatives of diphenylalkylamine (Verapamil) and benzothiazepine (Diltiazem). They have hypotensive, antianginal, antiarrhythmic effects, and reduce the number of heart contractions.

    Dihydropyridine derivatives promote vasodilation and are characterized by antianginal and antihypertensive effects. Not used to treat arrhythmia. Increases heart rate. The most pronounced effect is observed with high blood pressure and during an attack of angina.

    Second generation dihydropyridine derivatives have found the greatest application. Amlodipine is often used, which has a long duration of action and is well tolerated by patients.

    Indications

    During long-term treatment of angina pectoris, Diltiazem and Verapamil are used. More often prescribed to young patients diagnosed with angina in combination with sinus bradycardia, bronchial obstruction, arterial hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Obliterating atherosclerosis of the vessels of the lower extremities acts as an additional indication for the choice of this group of drugs. The same applies to cerebrovascular insufficiency.

    In some cases, combination therapy takes place. A combination of beta-blockers and Diltiazem is used, but joint therapy with calcium antagonists and nitrates is not always effective. The combination of Verapamil and beta blockers requires great caution, as severe bradycardia, impaired cardiac conduction, increased blood pressure and decreased contractility of muscle fibers may occur.

    For patients with small focal myocardial infarction, it is advisable to use Diltiazem if there are no signs of ischemia and the ejection fraction is more than 40%. Calcium antagonists are not prescribed for transmural myocardial infarction. The drug Nimotop is especially effective in the combination of hypertension and cerebrovascular insufficiency. Drugs of the Diltiazem and Verapamil group are used for rhythm disturbances and increased blood pressure.

    Prevention of thrombosis

    There is a group of drugs that reduce blood clotting and prevent the occurrence of blood clots. They prevent platelet aggregation. The list includes:

    • Chime;
    • Cardiomagnyl;
    • Thrombo ACC;
    • Zokardis;
    • Cardi ASK.

    What dilates the blood vessels of the heart?

    In cardiology, there is an increasing tendency to move away from the practice of vasodilation. The fact is that after taking Dibazol and Papaverine, the coronary arteries dilate, but this happens for a short period of time. At this moment, blood enters here from areas of the heart muscle that are in a state of ischemia.

    The side effect described above is called “steal syndrome”. That is why, instead of these drugs, a stent is used for local expansion.

    Cardioprotectors and their protection

    Retabolil has a cardioprotective effect. The following list of remedies helps the myocardium to withstand the lack of oxygen:

    • Lipoflavone;
    • Corvitin;
    • Rhythmcore.

    Promotes energy production in heart cells:

    • Intencordin;
    • Corvaton;
    • Carbocromene;
    • Preductal;
    • Mildronate.

    These heart medications have an effect, but it is not pronounced. This is why it is recommended to use them over a long period of time. Adenosine triphosphoric acid also belongs to this group. In recent years, its ability to act within minutes after intravenous administration has been proven. Subsequently, a rapid disintegration of the compound was observed. That is why the use of ATP is justified only in combination with other medications to relieve attacks of arrhythmia.

29.03.2016

Tablets for heart pain are used to eliminate pain, normalize the rhythm and functioning of this organ of the body. Below we give the names of remedies that can be used to eliminate pain and pressure in the heart.

Drug names

Depending on the type of treatment, various herbs and tablets for cardiac arrhythmia can be divided into several groups: peripheral vasodilators (which include nitrates), selective beta-blockers, cardiac glycosides and calcium channel blockers. The list of drugs for blood pressure that dilates the heart vessels includes Molsidomin (Sidnopharm, Corvaton), Validol (Corvalment), as well as a large group of esterified glycerol salts of nitrites of nitric acid and their derivatives.

List of medications for the work and treatment of blood vessels of the cardiac system: Nitroglycerin (Sustak, Nitrocardin, Nitrocor, Nitromint), derivatives of nitroglycerin isosorbide mononitrate (Pentacard, Pectrol, Olicard, Monosan, Monizide). The list also continues with the following medications: isosorbide dinitrate (Cardix, Cardiket, Cardiket, Isacardin) and Pentaerythrityl tetra (Erinit, Vasodilators, Vazocor, Nitropentone, Pentrit, Heptral) based on tetranitropentaerythritol.

The list of cardiac glycosides includes the following tablet medications based on the digitalis glycoside digoxin: Acetyldigoxin beta, Methyldigoxin, Digoxin, Medilazide, Celanide, Izolanide, Dibikor, Digoxin and others. Like herbs, such drugs are necessary to normalize vascular pressure and stimulate the functioning of the cardiac system.

The list of drugs allows you to choose the optimal methods for treating high blood pressure and other ailments in the functioning of the cardiac system.

Indications for use

Medicines to cope with pain during an attack: Molsidomin and Validol. They are effective for the treatment of cardiovascular failure, atrial fibrillation, and supraventricular tachycardia. In this case, the drug Molsidomin can be replaced with Nitroglycerin if you are individually intolerant to the former.

Medicines and herbs for pressure and pain in the heart of the category adrenaline blockers are recommended to be taken for tachycardia, angina pectoris with spasms of coronary small vessels and extrasystole. In the presence of myocardial ischemia, antiarrhythmic drugs of the group of beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers and nitrates will be required.

Nitrates relieve spasms of blood vessels and dilate them in the presence of pressure. Blockers help eliminate heart pain. In addition, you can use various herbs that can be highly effective in treating heart disease. Herbs also help relieve high blood pressure with fewer side effects than pills.

In cardiology, indications for taking medication for pain in the heart include many different pathologies. Doctors classify drugs and herbs of this group as antianginal and use them for the treatment of stable and concomitant angina pectoris, in the complex treatment of chronic heart failure, and also for normal heart function after a myocardial infarction.

Pharmacodynamics of drugs

The principle of operation of sedatives, such as Validol, is determined by reflexive nonspecific dilation of blood vessels. This occurs in response to irritation of the receptors of the oral mucosa by its constituent menthol, dissolved in the ester of 3-methylbutanoic (isovaleric) acid. During irritation of nerve endings, an increase in the synthesis of hormones and neuropeptides is observed in the body. They are responsible for inhibiting the transmission of pain sensations and vascular tone.

The pharmacodynamics of drugs for pressure in blood vessels and pain in the heart area is determined by the presence of active substances. Their action is aimed at reducing the flow of venous blood into the heart. Many medicinal herbs that are widely used in cardiology have a similar effect. The use of such drugs can reduce the filling of the left ventricle with blood and the overall tone of the myocardium.

All medicines and herbs for pain in the heart area, based on nitrates, act on the cardiovascular system of the body as a whole and dilate the blood vessels of the heart in a matter of minutes. It was not possible to fully determine the biochemical mechanism of this reaction.

Medicines in this category can reduce tension in the walls of the coronary vessels and increase blood flow into the myocardial tissue (thereby reducing their oxygen demand) - while simultaneously reducing the flow of venous blood. As a result of this, a redistribution of blood flow in the cardiac vessels can be observed with the activation of arteriovenular blood supply. This helps reduce pressure and pain in the heart area.

Self-diagnosis

Among women over 30 years old, almost every second woman complains of pain in the heart area and increased blood pressure. If we take into account the emotionality of women, we can understand that complaints arise most often after nervous tension or stress. If the pain is located behind the chest, then it is possible that we are talking about coronary heart disease; if there is pain in the area of ​​the left shoulder blade and shoulder, there is a suspicion of angina pectoris.

It often happens that neurological diseases are mistaken for pain in the heart area. How can they be distinguished from each other? In fact, everything is quite simple: in the presence of neurological diseases, much directly depends on the movements of the chest; pain becomes stronger when changing position or taking a high breath. You need to take a deep breath and listen to your feelings.

If pain does not appear constantly, but only when changing position, this is pain of a neurological nature. However, we strongly recommend that you do not make a diagnosis yourself; it is recommended to consult a doctor in any case, so that in the future you do not have to regret the time that was missed.

Types of pain

When a doctor hears from a patient the words about pain in the heart area “like needles,” first of all he assumes cardiac neurosis - a type of vegetative-vascular dystonia, a disturbance of nervous tone and nervous activity. In such cases, the standard advice you can get is to take valerian, keep your composure and be patient. The body indicates problems with the nervous system.

Stress can cause not only emotional, but also physical changes; adrenaline is released, which is not spent on physical muscle work, finding its “application” in another area. In this case, it is necessary to either completely relax or, conversely, physical tension.

A feeling of aching pain in the area of ​​the heart may indicate myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscles that often occurs after a sore throat. The disease is accompanied by “interruptions” in the functioning of the heart, fever and weakness.

A feeling of pressing pain in the area of ​​the heart indicates the presence of angina. If you really have angina, then you can stop the attack by putting nitroglycerin under your tongue (validol and corvalol will not help in this case). You can open the window and breathe in some fresh air. If the pain does not go away, you can take another nitroglycerin tablet and call an ambulance.

You should not try to endure the pain, as the process may develop, causing sharp pain in the heart area, indicating myocardial infarction. Such pain cannot be removed with nitroglycerin; it can last from 30 minutes to several hours. In this case, it is important to provide timely assistance to increase the chances of recovery.

Continuous pain in the heart area, whether cutting, stabbing, pressing or aching, indicates the need to visit a doctor. And the sooner you do this, the better it will be. You should not tolerate it or self-medicate; do not think that it will go away on its own, because this may indicate the presence of a serious illness.

Contraindications to taking medications

Tablets intended for the treatment of heart disease may have a number of contraindications:

  • Validol: severe arterial hypertension, complications after myocardial infarction in the form of cardiogenic shock.
  • Nitroglycerin (and all nitrates): impaired cerebral circulation, high pressure inside the skull, shock, glaucoma (angle-closure), low blood pressure.
  • Cardiac glycosides: disturbance of the rhythm of the cardiac ventricles, atrioventricular block (1-2 degrees), dysfunction and weakness of the sinus node, tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome, stenosis of the mitral valve or aorta, hypertrophic changes in the myocardium.

If you experience pain or discomfort in the heart area, it is best to immediately consult a doctor. You should not take medications at home without making an accurate diagnosis. Improper treatment of many heart diseases can lead to serious consequences. Take care of your health, do not neglect the help of doctors.

Cardiac drugs are intended for the treatment and prevention of ischemia, hypertension, stroke, heart pills differ in name, therapeutic effect, indications and properties, the list of medications is constantly expanding. Self-medication and violation of the rules of therapy are fraught with the development of severe and dangerous complications.

Which ones exist?


Medicines for heart pain are drugs with a wide spectrum of action, but most often they are prescribed in combination with other drugs to enhance the therapeutic effect.

  • cardiological - glycosides, arrhythmic drugs of class I, III, non-glycoside cardiotonic drugs, vasodilators;
  • antihypertensive drugs;
  • diuretics;
  • peripheral vasodilators;
  • angioprotectors;
  • beta-adrenoreceptor blockers;
  • calcium antagonists;
  • ACE inhibitors;
  • lipid-lowering drugs – statins, fibrates;
  • antiplatelet agents.

To choose effective and safe heart pills, you need to undergo tests and complete diagnostics.

Indications


The choice of tablets for heart pain depends on the type and severity of the pathology, the patient’s age, and the presence of chronic or concomitant diseases.

What do drugs help with:

  • atherosclerotic vascular damage;
  • ischemic disease;
  • arrhythmia – paroxysmal tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation;
  • AV block of varying severity;
  • cardiomyopathic and hypertrophic changes in the myocardium;
  • arterial hypertension.

Medicines are prescribed after a heart attack, stroke, for preventive purposes in case of shortness of breath, swelling, and other signs of myocardial dysfunction.

List of medications

Medicines to improve the functioning of blood vessels and myocardium are mainly produced in the form of tablets. In mild forms of pathologies, heart drops are prescribed as an adjuvant; the list of the most effective ones is Corvalol, Valoserdin, Tricardin.


Antiplatelet agents

They prevent thrombus formation, inhibit platelet aggregation, disaggregate already adhered plates, and improve the rheological properties of blood.

Names and list of heart tablets with antiplatelet action:

  • Aspirin Cardio,
  • Cardiomagnyl;
  • Clopidogrel.

Drugs are prescribed for the prevention of thrombosis in coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular accidents.

Statins and fibrates

Lipid-lowering drugs regulate fat levels, eliminate bad cholesterol, and reduce the amount of low-density lipoproteins.

List of heart pills:

  • Rosuvastatin;
  • Lovastatin;
  • Simvastatin;
  • Fenofibrate.

Indications: dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis in coronary artery disease, vascular disorders.

ACE inhibitors

They block angiotensin-converting enzyme, dilate blood vessels, and reduce blood pressure. They have a cardiotrophic, antiarrhythmic and antioxidant effect, increase the level of potassium in the blood, and normalize mineral metabolism.


Representatives:

  • Irumed;
  • Lisinoton;
  • Vasolong;
  • Monopril;
  • Enal;
  • Katopil.

Drugs are prescribed for myocardial hypertrophy and dilatation, coronary disease, hypertension and vasospasm, to eliminate cardiac edema, arrhythmias of various origins.

Beta blockers


They block adrenergic receptors, have cardiac effects, reduce the frequency and strength of heart contractions, blood pressure. They are divided into two groups: selective and non-selective.

Titles:

  • Betacard;
  • Bisocard;
  • Vasocardin;
  • Concor;
  • Lokren;
  • Coronal;
  • Nebilet.

Indications: arrhythmia, hypertension, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis in coronary artery disease, prevention of heart attacks.

Angiotensin receptor antagonists

They reduce blood pressure in hypertension, act throughout the day, the latest generation sartans have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the brain, kidneys, and the entire cardiovascular system.


Indications:

  • arterial hypertension;
  • history of myocardial infarction;
  • diabetes mellitus type II;
  • left ventricular hypertrophy;
  • cardiovascular pathologies caused by lipid metabolism disorders.

Trade names of the drug are Diovan, Artinova, Aprovel, Atacand, Giposart, Lozal, Lorista, Micardis, Telzal.

Calcium channel blockers

They inhibit the penetration of calcium ions through calcium channels into the vessels and myocardial tissue.

How they work:

  • normalize heart rate;
  • improve cerebral circulation after a stroke;
  • reduce the risk of blood clots;
  • reduce contractility and tension in the myocardium;
  • reduce arterial parameters.

Names - Acridipine, Amlodac, Amlotop, Veracard, Isoptin, Altiazem, Diltiazem-Teva, Vero-Amlodipine.


Nitrates

They dilate blood vessels, have a pronounced antianginal effect, normalize hemodynamics, relax smooth muscles, and eliminate pain during a heart attack.

List of drugs:

  • Cardiket;
  • Monosan;
  • Cardix;
  • Isolong;
  • Nitrocor;
  • Pentacard.

Indications: angina pectoris, heart attack, impaired blood flow in small vessels, intense cardiac pain syndrome.

Diuretics


Diuretics improve the process of excretion of water and salts by the kidneys, regulate the volume and composition of fluid in the body, have a hypotensive effect, and enhance the effect of other drugs for the treatment of hypertension.

Representatives:

  • Furosemide;
  • Diacarb;
  • Indapamide Long;
  • Mannitol;
  • Dtuver.

Indications: heart failure, massive edema, persistent increase in blood pressure.

Cardiac glycosides

Plant-based cardiotonic preparations contain extracts of lily of the valley, foxglove, and adonis. They stop attacks of arrhythmia and increase the ability to exercise.


The most commonly prescribed are Digoxin, Digitoxin, Strophanthin, Korglykon.

Anticoagulants

Reduce blood viscosity, reduce the risk of thrombosis and thrombophlebitis. Prescribed for the prevention of atherosclerosis, after a stroke, heart attack.

Names - Viatromb, Lioton, Warfarex, Marevan.

Antiarrhythmic drugs

They normalize heart rate and are divided into 5 classes: membrane stabilizing drugs, beta-blockers, agents that slow down repolarization, calcium antagonists and other drugs.

  • Adenocor;
  • Cordarone; Amiodarone;
  • Versatis;
  • Darob.

Indications: arrhythmias, conduction disorders, prevention of paroxysms.


Preparations with potassium and magnesium

Normalize mineral metabolism, strengthen vascular walls. They have cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic properties.

Indications:

  • micronutrient deficiency,
  • prevention of heart diseases,
  • heart failure.

Names - Panangin, Magne B6, Asparkam, Pamaton, Panaspar.

Metabolic agents

They normalize metabolic processes in tissues, reduce the size of areas of necrosis and ischemia, and are used as part of complex therapy for cardiovascular pathologies.

The most popular drugs are Preductal, Mildronate, Riboxin.


Treatment and side effects

Medicines for diseases of the cardiovascular system cannot be called harmless; each has a list of contraindications and adverse reactions.

How do heart medications work:

  • reduce myocardial oxygen demand;
  • improve blood supply - tissues receive all the necessary nutrients, reducing the risk of developing oxygen starvation;
  • eliminate vasospasm;
  • normalize blood pressure and heart rate, fight atherosclerosis.

Most often, when taking medications, dyspeptic disorders, a sharp decrease in blood counts, severe headache and muscle pain, and weakness are observed.

Long-term use of Aspirin and its derivatives increases the risk of developing internal bleeding and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Beta blockers can provoke an exacerbation of asthma, obstructive bronchitis, and often problems with potency and depression arise during therapy.


Glycosides can cause cardiac arrest.

How to forget about hypertension

But it is impossible to cope with hypertension only with the help of drug therapy; it is necessary to avoid stress, lead an active and healthy lifestyle, and drink enough water. Blood pressure increases against the background of various diseases - osteochondrosis, tumors of the kidneys and adrenal glands, brain, cirrhosis of the liver.

Modern pharmacology offers specialists and patients a sufficient number of medicines that can eliminate life-threatening situations in patients with pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Such drugs help relieve unpleasant symptoms and significantly improve the quality of life, lengthening it.

It is worth noting that medications used to treat pathologies of the heart and blood vessels are quite diverse in their principles of action and indications for use. Currently, there is no universal drug that can eliminate any heart pathology. The patient should take into account that the treatment regimen should be determined on an individual basis.

How to choose the right product

When the first symptoms of heart pathology appear, you should consult a doctor. The reason for going to the clinic should be sharp pain in the heart area, spasms or severe tingling.

It is worth noting that treatment with medications will not give positive results if the patient does not follow the doctor’s recommendations regarding diet and lifestyle.


When determining a suitable medication, the doctor considers the composition of the drug and its chemical formula. The optimal drug must have the required mechanism of action.

When determining the rules for taking a medicinal composition, it is important to correctly distribute dosages and calculate the optimal number of daily doses. The patient must follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage regimen.

It is important to note that the absorption mechanism can vary significantly depending on the time at which the drug was taken. Some medications are better absorbed on an empty stomach, while others are recommended to be taken after lunch. Only a doctor can compare all contraindications and indications for use.

Attention! Patients often make the grave mistake of ignoring the doctor’s recommendations and choosing an analogue of the active substance on their own. Such actions are most often based on the desire to save money. If you do not have the necessary financial resources for treatment, you should inform your doctor. A specialist can choose a higher quality, but cheaper analogue.


The treatment regimen can vary significantly depending on the nature of the disease itself.

Medicines for the heart and blood vessels are necessary for patients with the following diseases:

  • heart defects;
  • inflammatory lesions of the myocardium, pericardium and endocardium;
  • arrhythmia;
  • cardiac ischemia;
  • hypertonic disease;
  • vascular atherosclerosis;
  • diseases of arteries and veins;
  • circulatory disorders.

It is worth remembering that the work of the cardiovascular system is directly related to the regulatory action of the cerebral cortex and endocrine glands, which is why drugs that act on nerve impulses and hormone synthesis are often used in therapy.

Most often in cardiology, drugs are used that are aimed at eliminating the causes of the disease and means that ensure the restoration of metabolic processes. In general therapy, angioprotectors are often used to protect blood vessels.


Nitrates

Nitroglycerin preparations are drugs that provide vasodilating, namely vasodilating, effects.

In modern practice the following are used:

  • Nitroglycerine;
  • Nitramine;
  • Nitrospray.

The drugs are used sublingually and act quickly. Such medications are recommended for use during an attack of angina pectoris.

There are also medications that have a long-lasting effect, namely:

  • Pectrol;
  • Cardiket;
  • Nitrosorbide.

Attention! Nitroglycerin preparations dilate not only peripheral veins and arteries, but also the arteries that supply nutrition to the heart. Thus, normal blood flow to the myocardium, which is in a state of ischemia, is restored. Consequently, the use of nitrates during an angina attack helps prevent the development of myocardial infarction.


The list of indications for taking medications in this group can be presented as follows:

  • acute myocardial infarction;
  • stable or progressive angina;
  • acute coronary syndrome;
  • hypertensive crisis;
  • pulmonary edema;
  • acute or chronic heart failure.

The drug has its own contraindications for use, namely:

  • collapse;
  • acute period of hemorrhagic stroke;
  • glaucoma with intraocular pressure;
  • low blood pressure accompanied by loss of consciousness.

Adverse reactions may occur during the use of the drug. The most pronounced effect is headache, which occurs against the background of dilation of intracranial vessels.

In some patients with individual sensitivity, this symptom can manifest itself quite intensely. Often this reaction forces the patient to refuse to use drugs containing nitroglycerin.


Important! Painkillers do not help relieve such pain. Validol tablets or mints can help reduce its intensity.

Against the background of the use of the composition, increased heart rate, nausea, a drop in blood pressure, redness of the facial skin and dizziness can also be observed.

Antioxidants and antihypoxants

The drugs are used after strokes. This group of medications includes a sufficient number of drugs. The purpose of taking the drug is to eliminate lipid oxidation processes, which are the basis for cell hypoxia.


List of indications for use of such compositions:

  • long-term treatment of ischemic disease;
  • prevention of acute myocardial infarction;
  • previous myocardial infarction;
  • acute and subacute period of stroke;
  • ischemic stroke in the acute period;
  • disturbance of microcirculation due to pathologies of arteries and veins;
  • dishormonal cardiomyopathy.

This medicinal group includes:

  • Preductal;
  • Mexidol;
  • Actovegin;
  • Mildronate.

It is worth noting that intravenous and intramuscular administration for this drug group is more preferable, despite the fact that administration in tablet form is also effective.


List of contraindications for use:

  • pulmonary edema;
  • renal failure;
  • liver failure;
  • during pregnancy;
  • during lactation;
  • childhood.

Adverse reactions may occur during the use of medications. With extreme caution, medications are prescribed to patients who are prone to allergic reactions.

Potassium and magnesium supplements


Such drugs have a positive effect on cell metabolism. Doctors often view them as heart vitamins.

This is due to the fact that potassium, in combination with magnesium, is a valuable microelement that ensures the normal course of intracellular metabolism. When involved in intracellular metabolism, microelements take part in the regulation of cardiac muscle contraction.

Attention! When used intravenously, potassium slows the heart rate during tachycardia and restores it during arrhythmia.

List of indications for use of the composition:

  • heart failure;
  • atrial fibrillation;
  • tachycardia;
  • lack of potassium and magnesium.

Allergic reactions may occur during the use of medications. Patients often encounter manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders.

Patients may experience nausea, pain and burning in the epigastrium. It is not recommended to use potassium and magnesium based products for acute and chronic renal failure. Hyperkalemia is also a contraindication to the use of the drug.

ACE inhibitors

Cardiac drugs in this group have an inhibitory effect on the converting enzyme. This enzyme turns out to be one of the main links in the chain regulating vascular tone and blood pressure levels in the body. Due to the inhibitory effect, the drugs provide a gentle decrease in blood pressure.


In addition, drugs have a protective effect on the inner lining of blood vessels, kidneys, brain and heart.

The list of common drugs used in modern practice can be presented as follows:

  • Enalapril;
  • Captopril;
  • Lisinopril;
  • Perindopril.

The drugs are used for arterial hypertension and chronic heart failure. The drugs have a limited list of indications for use, which includes allergic reactions that occur in response to taking the drug.

Compositions of this group are well tolerated by patients, but about 20% of patients experience adverse reactions at the initial stage of admission. For example, such drugs can cause a decrease in voice tone, allergic reactions and dry cough.

Medicines in this group are suitable for daily, long-term use. They do not have a negative effect on the liver and do not provoke an increase in blood sugar and cholesterol levels.

ACE inhibitors do not remove potassium from the body. The patient's refusal to use such drugs is quite dangerous and can cause chronic heart failure or sudden death.

Sartans


Drugs of this drug group are similar in their mechanism of action to ACE inhibitors. Against the background of this effect, vascular tone remains normal or decreases, which ensures normalization of blood pressure.

The list of indications and contraindications for the use of such drugs is similar to ACE inhibitors. Like the drugs of the previous pharmacological group, sartans are well tolerated. The undoubted advantage of these drugs is the absence of adverse reactions.

Such drugs are an adequate replacement for ACE inhibitors for people intolerant to them. In rare cases, allergic reactions occur: swelling, weakness, body aches and muscle pain.

Beta blockers

The medicinal activity of the drugs is explained by their blocking effect on adrenaline receptors located in the heart muscle and vascular walls. Adrenaline, in turn, stimulates the myocardium, increases the frequency and strength of contractions, and affects vascular tone.

Such effects enhance the effect of adrenaline on the heart muscle, increasing heart rate and increasing blood pressure.


This effect negatively affects the functioning of the heart during coronary artery disease, as it leads to an increase in the myocardium’s need for oxygen. Beta blockers slow heart rate and lower blood pressure. This effect can significantly reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and improves the prognosis for people with hypertension.

Attention! Drugs of this drug group are not recommended for use in patients with hypertension not accompanied by coronary artery disease. This is due to the fact that beta blockers often provoke adverse reactions.

The list of indications for the use of these drugs can be presented as follows:

  • myocardial ischemia;
  • previous heart attack;
  • heart rhythm disturbance;
  • tachycardia after a heart attack;
  • cardiosclerosis;
  • chronic heart failure;
  • hypertension;
  • after a stroke.

The list of medicines belonging to this pharmacological group can be presented as follows:

  • Carvedilol;
  • Metoprolol;
  • Nebivalol;

A drug of this pharmacological category is not prescribed to patients who have experienced allergic reactions to drugs of this group in the past. The drug is not recommended for use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma.


With special caution, these pharmacological groups are prescribed to persons with diabetes mellitus. It is worth giving preference to drugs of the latest generations that do not affect carbohydrate metabolism.

Calcium channel antagonists

The activity of these drugs is due to the blockade of channels through which cells excrete calcium ions. Antagonists have an effect on the heart muscle.


It is worth noting that Nifedipine and Felodipine provoke tachycardia, and Diltiazem and Verapamil can significantly slow down the heart rate. The main indication for use of the drug is angina pectoris, hypertension and rhythm disturbances in patients with contraindications to the use of beta blockers. The drug should not be used by persons suffering from low blood pressure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

The drug is not used for sick sinus syndrome and bradycardia with conduction disturbances. Adverse reactions during administration are extremely rare. If they appear, you should contact a specialist. The doctor will be able to adjust the dosage regimen.

Diuretics

Diuretics act on the renal canals and ensure the removal of excess fluid from the patient’s body. This action reduces blood pressure and eliminates symptoms such as swelling and shortness of breath.

In modern pharmacology, there are several groups of drugs:

  • thiazide;
  • loop;
  • potassium-sparing.

List of indications for use:

  • arterial hypertension
  • chronic heart failure;
  • relief of hypertensive crisis.

For arterial hypertension at the initial stage, the use of thiazide diuretics is recommended. For severe arterial hypertension, it is recommended to use loop and potassium-sparing diuretics. To relieve a hypertensive crisis, Furosemide is recommended to be administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

Drugs of this pharmacological group are not recommended for use in severe renal failure. The product is not used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

It is worth noting that loop diuretics remove potassium from the patient’s body, which negatively affects the functioning of the heart. Loop diuretics should be used in conjunction with potassium-sparing diuretics.


Attention! Potassium-sparing diuretics should be prescribed with extreme caution to men. The product has an antiandrogenic effect and can provoke a decrease in potency.

Combined products

Combination medicines include several active ingredients. Against the background of the activity of the drug, better results in treatment are achieved. The list of popular drugs, as well as their composition, is discussed in the table.

Combined drugs:

Name Active ingredients Photo
Valz n valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide
Noliprel perindopril and indapamide
Duplecore amlodipine and atorvatatin.
Lorista n losartan and hydrochlorothiazide
Nebilong nebivolol and amlodipine

Patients should remember that self-prescription of any medications of this pharmacological group is unjustified and can cause significant harm to health.

If pain in the heart area persists for a long time, you should seek help in a hospital. After a full examination, the specialist will be able to select the most effective treatment regimen.

In contact with