Severe bleeding in women. Uterine bleeding (vaginal bleeding)

Content

There are many reasons leading to bleeding from the uterus, but experts divide them into two main groups: those associated with pathologies of the genital tract and those caused by diseases of other organs and systems. Signs, regardless of the provoking factor, have a similar clinical picture. In order to recognize the cause and choose the right treatment tactics, a thorough diagnosis is required in each case.

Etiological factors of extragenital uterine bleeding caused by diseases of various organs and systems, excluding the genital tract:

  • infectious diseases leading to blood thinning (sepsis, influenza, measles, typhoid fever, toxic shock in severe infections of any origin);
  • hemophilia;
  • hemorrhagic vasculitis;
  • an overdose of drugs that thin the blood;
  • hypovitaminosis C and K;
  • liver disease, leading to a lack of blood clotting factors;
  • arterial hypertension;
  • hypothyroidism.

It is possible to recognize such types of pathologies with complex diagnostics, as well as on the basis of collecting the patient's history. Diseases of an extragenital nature are accompanied not only by gynecological signs. The presence of various types of vascular rashes, dysregulation of blood pressure, symptoms of lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and liver are noted. You can recognize a skin rash of a vascular nature using a transparent glass object: if you press on the area with a rash, it will not disappear, which is visible through transparent glass.

Uterine bleeding associated with pathologies of the reproductive tract is divided into two groups: due to a violation of the course of pregnancy and not associated with it.

Bleeding during pregnancy may be due to:

  • ectopic pregnancy;
  • bleeding after an abortion;
  • cystic skid;
  • chorionepithelioma;
  • spontaneous abortion;
  • a scar in the wall of the uterus;
  • detachment of a normally located placenta;
  • placenta previa.

Uterine bleeding due to labor and in the postpartum period can be triggered by the following factors:

  • placental abruption;
  • abnormal location of the placenta;
  • soft tissue ruptures during childbirth;
  • pathology of placenta attachment;
  • incomplete separation of the placenta;
  • slowing down the involution of the uterus;
  • uterine rupture.

Bleeding that is not related to pregnancy is initiated by various causes:

  • uterine fibroids;
  • endometriosis;
  • pathology of the cervix (cervicitis, erosion, ectopia, dysplasia, cancer);
  • dysfunctional pathologies in adolescence, reproductive, menopause;
  • endometritis;
  • endometrial cancer;
  • ovarian tumors;
  • polyps of the endometrium and cervical canal;
  • endometrial hyperplasia.

After stopping the hemorrhage, the cause is determined using various methods: ultrasound of the small pelvis and abdominal organs, blood tests for thyroid hormones, sex steroids, coagulation rates, x-ray studies, MRI of the brain, computed tomography.

Menstrual irregularity

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is a type of pathology in which there is a violation of the production of female sex hormones under the influence of various factors, which leads to a change in the menstrual cycle. Recognizing the signs of this type of hemorrhage can be difficult. Often, the disease is regarded by a woman as a cycle failure or irregular periods. Often, patients are admitted to the hospital on an emergency basis with a copious outflow of blood, in addition, signs of pathology can be both long-term and short-term spotting. To recognize the disease, a thorough diagnosis is necessary, which primarily includes determining the level of hormones in the blood.

Dysfunctional disorders develop in adolescence, reproductive age, as well as during menopause.

One of the signs of pathology that allows you to recognize uterine bleeding is the degree of filling of the gasket or the required number of them for the period of menstruation. Knowing how much blood expires during menstruation, a woman may suspect a disease.

Volume of menstrual bleeding normally is up to 80 ml, for the absorption of which no more than 10 sanitary pads are required. In the case of filling the pads with blood in 2 hours with a repetition of the situation for several days or if they are used monthly for menstruation for more than one standard pack, you should consult a doctor.

Gynecologists distinguish between two concepts that characterize the signs of uterine bleeding and allow you to recognize the pathology.

  1. Menorrhagia (menometrorrhagia) is a type of bleeding that relates to menstruation, occurs during the expected period or with a delay. Signs are excessive duration (more than 6 days) and an abundance of bleeding. It is often possible to recognize uterine bleeding by its profuseness - a sharp, profuse outflow of blood that does not tend to stop.
  2. Metrorrhagia is uterine bleeding that is not associated with menstruation. Symptoms of this type of pathology are hemorrhages of different intensity, which can be recognized by such a sign as the appearance of blood secretions in the intermenstrual period (earlier than 21 days of the cycle).

Uterine bleeding due to hormonal imbalance is common among adolescent girls, women of reproductive age, and menopause. The signs of such a pathology can be different and depend on the cause, which can be recognized with instrumental and laboratory diagnostics.

Uterine bleeding in women

Signs of uterine bleeding and causes initiating pathology at the age of maximum fertility may be as follows:

  • scanty menstruation, resulting in a profuse outflow of blood;
  • breakthrough hemorrhages not associated with menstruation;
  • increased sebum secretion, acne, excessive hair growth, decreased libido, as signs of hyperandrogenism;
  • blood clots during menstruation;
  • lengthening of menstruation;
  • spotting in the middle of the cycle, bleeding after intercourse, as a sign of hormonal imbalance.

It is possible to recognize the provoking factors of violations of the hormonal regulation of the cycle in women with a blood test for hormones. Follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, male hormones and their metabolites (free testosterone, DEA-sulfate, 17-OH-progesterone) are subject to analysis on days 2-5 of the cycle. If there are signs of a long delay, donate blood any day. It is also necessary to determine the level of progesterone, which is analyzed a week after ovulation or twice in dynamics with a pronounced delay and an anovulatory cycle. In addition, on any day of the cycle, the level of thyroid hormones, as well as cortisol, is determined.

Signs of hormonal imbalance that lead to a violation of the cycle later are:

  • increased production of male sex hormones and metabolites, a sign of which may be polycystic ovaries;
  • increased estrogen production, which can be recognized by clinical signs of endometrial hyperplasia or polyposis;
  • decrease in progesterone levels;
  • a decrease in free thyroxine with a parallel increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone, a sign of which is hypothyroidism.

The most common reason diseases in women of reproductive age are anovulatory cycles.

In addition to these signs, women complain of infertility. This is due to the lack of ovulation against the background of an increased content of estrogens or male sex hormones. Hyperestrogenism does not allow the onset of the second phase of the cycle, and there is also no possibility of ovulation. The endometrium grows, the luteal phase does not occur, which leads to a lengthening of the cycle. Against this background, there may be signs of minor spotting or scanty periods, which are not inherently menstruation.

Against the background of a long-term growth of the endometrium, necrotic changes occur in the blood vessels that feed the inner layer. Endometrial tissue begins to be shed. A sign of this is meager menstruation, which after 2-3 months can turn into profuse uterine bleeding. Hyperplastic endometrium can be recognized by ultrasound. As a rule, the thickness of the M-echo is more than 15 mm in the second phase of the cycle or with a long delay.

Uterine bleeding can be recognized by the following signs:

  • weakness and dizziness;
  • fainting;
  • outflow of blood from the genital tract with clots;
  • sticky sweat;
  • metallic taste in the mouth;
  • tachycardia;
  • drop in blood pressure;
  • nausea;
  • in rare cases, signs of pain in the lumbar region.

Signs such as irregular periods, scanty or heavy in nature, are the reason for going to the doctor. In addition to the analysis for hormones, ultrasound is performed to determine intrauterine pathology. With ultrasound, it is possible to recognize fibroids, polyps, endometriosis, which are also a common etiological factor in the disease.

Bleeding in the pathology of the uterus

Diseases against the background of increased estrogen production - endometriosis, uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps and hyperplasia - are accompanied by uterine bleeding of varying severity. Often, pathologies occur in a combined form. You can recognize formations in the uterine cavity using ultrasound, which is carried out in both phases of the cycle.

Signs of hemorrhage in fibroids are:

  • copious, prolonged periods with blood clots;
  • chronic anemia of various degrees of severity, the signs of which are dizziness, weakness, fragility of hair and nails, pallor of the skin;
  • infertility and miscarriage;
  • periodic aching pains in the lumbar region and abdomen, which are signs of medium and large fibroids.

Uterine bleeding most often they are a sign of submucosal fibroids located in the submucosal layer. Interstitial and subserous fibroids rarely initiate bleeding.

Recognizing fibroids is not difficult, as tumors are visualized on ultrasound. The larger the size of the submucosal fibroid, the more pronounced the hemorrhage. This type of pathology can lead to conditions that are life-threatening for a woman. Benign tumors should be identified and treated in time.

Signs of uterine bleeding with endometriosis:

  • severe soreness before, during and after menstruation;
  • abundant nature of menstruation;
  • infertility;
  • adhesive process;
  • daub before and after menstruation.

In order to recognize endometriosis, ultrasound, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy are performed, the level of hormones and the CA-125 tumor marker in the blood is determined. With this disease, failures occur only during menstruation, emergency situations are not recorded.

Endometrial hyperplasia often occurs in older women. One of the main signs of excessive growth of the endometrium is uterine bleeding. They can be profuse and plentiful against the background of a long delay in menstruation. A sign of hyperplasia are also spotting on different days of the cycle. Against the background of this disease or in isolation, polyps can develop, which are described by daubs in the middle of the cycle, after sexual intercourse, before and after menstruation. You can recognize the pathology with hysteroscopy, it is also required to determine the level of estrogen and progesterone. In addition, histological and immunohistochemical studies of the endometrium are carried out.

Bleeding in menopause

The most common cause of hormonal imbalance in premenopausal women is:

  • obesity;
  • liver disease;
  • chronic stress;
  • immunological disorders leading to a change in the receptivity of the endometrium.

Against the background of an increased content of estrogens, hyperplasia of the inner uterine layer develops, which leads to abnormal blood outflows that do not have a regular character.

Uterine bleeding in women in the period of menopause, they require an urgent visit to the gynecologist in order to exclude malignant tumors of the uterus.

Any bloody discharge from the genital tract during the period when menstruation has stopped requires a visit to the doctor. Signs of cancer of the cervix, body and endometrium should be identified or excluded.

Signs of bleeding in girls

In adolescence, uterine bleeding occurs against the background of follicle atresia, a condition in which the follicle does not reach the size necessary for ovulation. This leads to persistently elevated estrogen levels, endometrial thickening, and culminates in signs of bleeding.

Stress and infections during puberty seriously interfere with the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-ovarian system. A disturbed hormonal background leads to a change in the menstrual cycle in a girl. Normally, the establishment of the cycle duration lasts about 2 years. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in adolescent girls is not uncommon.

Signs of impaired production of sex hormones and uterine bleeding in adolescence are:

  • premature puberty (growth of the mammary glands, pubic hair growth, early menstruation);
  • psycho-emotional disorders, infantilism;
  • acne
  • sudden changes in body weight.

Signs of bleeding from the genital tract are:

  • spotting from the vagina of various sizes, lasting more than a week;
  • bleeding that occurred earlier than 21 days from the first day of the last menstruation;
  • total blood loss more than 100 ml.

You can recognize the pathology of the reproductive tract in girls with the help of ultrasound, MRI of the Turkish saddle, radiography of the bones of the wrist, and blood tests for hormones. The degree of ossification makes it possible to recognize an increased level of estrogen in a teenager. They also determine the content of the hormone in the blood, in addition, they measure the amount of thyroid hormones (excluding hypothyroidism), cortisol, FSH, LH, and male sex hormones.

Signs of uterine bleeding in teenage girls most often develop after psycho-emotional stress, severe infectious diseases.

Period after cleaning

Often, during interventions on the uterine cavity, in particular, after scraping or cleaning for various reasons, uterine bleeding develops.

You can recognize the signs of pathology after cleaning by the following symptoms:

  • increased bleeding;
  • stomach ache;
  • bloating;
  • soreness on palpation of the uterus and appendages;
  • dizziness and weakness;
  • temperature rise;
  • tachycardia;
  • nausea and vomiting.

Normally, bloody discharge should gradually subside. Allocations of fresh blood last up to 10 days, taking on the character of an ichorus.

Pregnancy and childbirth

Uterine bleeding during pregnancy can occur at all times and be dangerous for both the woman and the fetus. Signs of bleeding must be able to recognize every pregnant woman in order to seek medical help in time. Most often they occur in the early stages with the threat of miscarriage, in the case of placenta previa, its premature detachment. But situations are not uncommon when signs of the disease appear when low molecular weight heparins are used during pregnancy.

Patients with bleeding disorders should be closely monitored.

A feature of bleeding during pregnancy are the previous signs of pain in the lumbar region and lower abdomen.

You can recognize signs of pathology in the early stages by the following markers:

  • drawing pains in the lumbar region;
  • pink, brown discharge from the genital tract;
  • sharp profuse bleeding;
  • discharge of fresh blood in a small amount with an increase in symptoms;
  • tachycardia;
  • loss of consciousness.

The causes of uterine bleeding in early pregnancy are often a lack of progesterone, marginal placenta previa, non-developing pregnancy, gross malformations of the fetus.

Uterine bleeding with the threat of miscarriage against the background of progesterone deficiency, as a rule, begins gradually. With placenta previa, a sharp and profuse outflow of blood can occur. If pregnancy is accompanied by uterine fibroids or polyps, signs of bleeding may accompany the whole process of gestation.

In the later stages, bleeding can be recognized by the following signs:

  • weakening of fetal movements;
  • false or true contractions;
  • lower back pain of varying intensity;
  • bleeding from the genital tract, both profuse and intense.

In contrast to the discharge of the mucous plug, bleeding either increases with time, or immediately comes on abruptly. The mucus plug may come off partially starting at 36 weeks.

After childbirth or during natural delivery, uterine bleeding may occur in case of discoordination of labor, violation of uterine contractions. The main reason is premature detachment of the placenta.

After childbirth, bleeding from the uterus occurs due to a violation of its contractile involutive ability, when blood bleeds from the vessels of the placental site.

You can recognize the pathological development of signs after childbirth by the degree of filling of the pad. Filling several pads within an hour during the first day after delivery indicates the likelihood of an emergency. Doctors recognize the danger by the degree of uterine contraction. The faster the reverse development of the myometrium, the lower the likelihood of pathology.

Before a woman is discharged from the hospital, an ultrasound of the pelvic organs is performed in order to recognize and visualize the remnants of the placenta, as well as to determine the rate of uterine contraction. With unsatisfactory results of ultrasound, drug treatment of atony or hypotension of the uterus, curettage is performed.

Normal amount of blood loss during childbirth makes up 0.5% of a woman's body weight and is approximately equal to 300-400 ml. A sign of uterine bleeding after the birth of a child is the absence of a tendency to stop it in the early postpartum period.

Bloody discharge from the genital tract after childbirth (lochia) lasts up to 30 days. Signs of the normal course of the postpartum period can be recognized by the nature of the lochia. If the outflow of fresh blood gradually decreases, the discharge becomes brown, and then the character of the ichor, this development is considered the norm. Pathology can be recognized with a tendency to increase the secretions of fresh blood. Sometimes, against the background of absolute well-being, an emergency hemorrhage develops, as a rule, in the presence of a pathology of the blood coagulation system.

First aid

If a woman managed to recognize signs of bleeding at an early stage, the following rules should be followed:

  • call an ambulance;
  • take a horizontal position and raise your legs;
  • put any cold object on the lower abdomen (a bottle of water, an ice pack);
  • drink liquid;
  • do not take painkillers, aspirin;
  • do not apply warm objects on the stomach;
  • do not douche.

The uterus is intensively supplied with blood, so damage to the endometrial vessels by any pathological processes can result in an emergency. It should be borne in mind that bleeding during pregnancy and in the postpartum period can develop rapidly, threaten the life of a woman and a child. If there are signs indicating incipient bleeding that can be recognized independently, you should seek medical help in the next few hours.

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The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

What is uterine bleeding?

Uterine bleeding is the secretion of blood from uterus. Unlike menstruation, with uterine bleeding, either the duration of the discharge and the volume of the secreted blood change, or their regularity is disturbed.

Causes of uterine bleeding

Causes of uterine bleeding may be different. Often they are caused by diseases of the uterus and appendages, such as fibroids, endometriosis, adenomyosis), benign and malignant tumors. Also, bleeding can occur as a complication of pregnancy and childbirth. In addition, there are dysfunctional uterine bleeding - when, without visible pathology from the genital organs, there is a violation of their function. They are associated with a violation of the production of hormones that affect the genitals (disturbances in the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovaries system).

Much less often, the cause of this pathology can be the so-called extragenital diseases (not associated with the genitals). Uterine bleeding can occur with liver damage, with diseases associated with impaired blood clotting (for example, von Willebrand disease). In this case, in addition to uterine, patients are also concerned about nosebleeds, bleeding gums, bruising with minor bruises, prolonged bleeding with cuts, and others. symptoms.

Symptoms of uterine bleeding

The main symptom of this pathology is the discharge of blood from the vagina.

Unlike normal menstruation, uterine bleeding is characterized by the following features:
1. An increase in the volume of excreted blood. Normally, during menstruation, 40 to 80 ml of blood is released. With uterine bleeding, the volume of blood lost increases, amounting to more than 80 ml. This can be determined if there is a need to change hygiene products too often (every 0.5 - 2 hours).
2. Increased bleeding time. Normally, during menstruation, the discharge lasts from 3 to 7 days. With uterine bleeding, the duration of bleeding exceeds 7 days.
3. Violation of the regularity of discharge - on average, the menstrual cycle is 21-35 days. An increase or decrease in this interval indicates bleeding.
4. Bleeding after intercourse.
5. Bleeding in postmenopause - at an age when menstruation has already stopped.

Thus, the following symptoms of uterine bleeding can be distinguished:

  • Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)- excessive (more than 80 ml) and prolonged menstruation (more than 7 days), while their regularity is preserved (occur after 21-35 days).
  • metrorrhagia- Irregular bleeding. Occur more often in the middle of the cycle, and are not very intense.
  • Menometrorrhagia- Prolonged and irregular bleeding.
  • Polymenorrhea- menstruation occurring more often than 21 days later.
In addition, due to the loss of rather large volumes of blood, iron deficiency anemia (a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood) is a very common symptom of this pathology. It is often accompanied by weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, pallor of the skin.

Types of uterine bleeding

Depending on the time of occurrence, uterine bleeding can be divided into the following types:
1. Uterine bleeding of the neonatal period is scanty spotting from the vagina that occurs most often in the first week of life. They are connected with the fact that during this period there is a sharp change in the hormonal background. They go away on their own and do not require treatment.
2. Uterine bleeding of the first decade (before puberty) is rare and is associated with ovarian tumors that can secrete an increased amount of sex hormones (hormonally active tumors). Thus, the so-called false puberty occurs.
3. Juvenile uterine bleeding - occurs at the age of 12-18 years (puberty).
4. Bleeding in the reproductive period (ages 18 to 45 years) - may be dysfunctional, organic, or associated with pregnancy and childbirth.
5. Uterine bleeding in menopause - due to a violation of the production of hormones or diseases of the genital organs.

Depending on the cause of occurrence, uterine bleeding is divided into:

  • Dysfunctional bleeding(may be ovulatory and anovulatory).
  • organic bleeding- associated with the pathology of the genital organs or systemic diseases (for example, diseases of the blood, liver, etc.).
  • Iatrogenic bleeding- occur as a result of taking non-hormonal and hormonal contraceptives, blood thinners, due to the installation of intrauterine devices.

Juvenile uterine bleeding

Juvenile uterine bleeding develops during puberty (ages 12 to 18 years). Most often, the cause of bleeding in this period is ovarian dysfunction - the correct production of hormones is adversely affected by chronic infections, frequent acute respiratory viral infections, psychological trauma, physical activity, and malnutrition. Their occurrence is characterized by seasonality - winter and spring months. Bleeding in most cases are anovulatory - i.e. due to a violation of the production of hormones, ovulation does not occur. Sometimes the cause of bleeding can be bleeding disorders, tumors of the ovaries, body and cervix, tuberculous lesions of the genital organs.
The duration and intensity of juvenile bleeding may be different. Abundant and prolonged bleeding leads to anemia, which is manifested by weakness, shortness of breath, pallor and other symptoms. In any case, the appearance of bleeding in adolescence, treatment and observation should take place in a hospital. If bleeding occurs at home, you can ensure peace and bed rest, give 1-2 vikasol tablets, put a cold heating pad on the lower abdomen and call an ambulance.

Treatment, depending on the condition, may be symptomatic - the following agents are used:

  • hemostatic drugs: dicynone, vikasol, aminocaproic acid;
  • iron preparations;
  • physiotherapy procedures.
With insufficient symptomatic treatment, bleeding is stopped with the help of hormonal drugs. Curettage is performed only with severe and life-threatening bleeding.

To prevent re-bleeding, courses of vitamins, physiotherapy, and acupuncture are prescribed. After stopping the bleeding, estrogen-gestagenic agents are prescribed to restore the normal menstrual cycle. Of great importance in the recovery period is hardening and exercise, good nutrition, treatment of chronic infections.

Uterine bleeding in the reproductive period

In the reproductive period, there are quite a few reasons that cause uterine bleeding. Basically, these are dysfunctional factors - when a violation of the correct production of hormones occurs after abortion, against the background of endocrine, infectious diseases, stress, intoxication, taking certain medications.

During pregnancy, early uterine bleeding may be a manifestation of miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. In the later stages of bleeding due to placenta previa, hydatidiform mole. During childbirth, uterine bleeding is especially dangerous, the amount of blood loss can be large. A common cause of bleeding during childbirth is placental abruption, atony or hypotension of the uterus. In the postpartum period, bleeding occurs due to parts of the membranes remaining in the uterus, uterine hypotension, or bleeding disorders.

Often, the causes of uterine bleeding in the childbearing period can be various diseases of the uterus:

  • myoma;
  • endometriosis of the body of the uterus;
  • benign and malignant tumors of the body and cervix;
  • chronic endometritis (inflammation of the uterus);
  • hormonally active ovarian tumors.

Bleeding associated with pregnancy and childbirth

In the first half of pregnancy, uterine bleeding occurs when there is a threat of interruption of a normal, or when an ectopic pregnancy is terminated. These conditions are characterized by pain in the lower abdomen, delayed menstruation, as well as subjective signs of pregnancy. In any case, in the presence of bleeding after the establishment of pregnancy, it is necessary to urgently seek medical help. At the initial stages of spontaneous miscarriage, with timely initiated and active treatment, pregnancy can be saved. In the later stages, there is a need for curettage.

An ectopic pregnancy can develop in the fallopian tubes, cervix. At the first signs of bleeding, accompanied by subjective symptoms of pregnancy against the background of even a slight delay in menstruation, it is necessary to urgently seek medical help.

In the second half of pregnancy, bleeding poses a great danger to the life of the mother and fetus, so they require urgent medical attention. Bleeding occurs with placenta previa (when the placenta is not formed along the back wall of the uterus, but partially or completely blocks the entrance to the uterus), detachment of a normally located placenta, or uterine rupture. In such cases, the bleeding may be internal or external, and require an emergency caesarean section. Women who are at risk of such conditions should be under close medical supervision.

During childbirth, bleeding is also associated with placenta previa or placental abruption. In the postpartum period, common causes of bleeding are:

  • reduced uterine tone and its ability to contract;
  • parts of the placenta remaining in the uterus;
  • blood clotting disorders.
In cases where bleeding occurred after discharge from the maternity hospital, it is necessary to call an ambulance for urgent hospitalization.

Uterine bleeding with menopause

In menopause, hormonal changes in the body occur, and uterine bleeding occurs quite often. Despite this, they can become a manifestation of more serious diseases, such as benign (fibroids, polyps) or malignant neoplasms. You should be especially wary of the appearance of bleeding in postmenopause, when menstruation has completely stopped. It is extremely important to see a doctor at the first sign of bleeding, because. in the early stages of tumor processes are better treated. For the purpose of diagnosis, a separate diagnostic curettage of the cervical canal and the body of the uterus is carried out. Then, a histological examination of the scraping is carried out to determine the cause of bleeding. In the case of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, it is necessary to choose the optimal hormonal therapy.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Dysfunctional bleeding is one of the most common types of uterine bleeding. They can occur at any age, from puberty to menopause. The reason for their occurrence is a violation of the production of hormones by the endocrine system - a malfunction of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries or adrenal glands. This complex system regulates the production of hormones that determine the regularity and duration of menstrual bleeding. Dysfunction of this system can cause the following pathologies:
  • acute and chronic inflammation of the genital organs (ovaries, appendages, uterus);
  • endocrine diseases (thyroid dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, obesity);
  • stress;
  • physical and mental overwork;
  • climate change.


Very often, dysfunctional bleeding is the result of artificial or spontaneous abortions.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding can be:
1. Ovulatory - associated with menstruation.
2. Anovulatory - occur between periods.

With ovulatory bleeding, there are deviations in the duration and volume of blood released during menstruation. Anovulatory bleeding is not associated with the menstrual cycle, most often occurs after a missed period, or less than 21 days after the last menstruation.

Ovarian dysfunction can cause infertility, miscarriage, so it is extremely important to consult a doctor in a timely manner if there is any menstrual irregularity.

Breakthrough uterine bleeding

Breakthrough is called uterine bleeding that occurred while taking hormonal contraceptives. Such bleeding may be minor, which is a sign of a period of adaptation to the drug.

In such cases, you should consult a doctor to review the dose of the drug used. Most often, if breakthrough bleeding occurs, it is recommended to temporarily increase the dose of the drug taken. If the bleeding does not stop, or becomes more abundant, an additional examination should be carried out, as the cause may be various diseases of the reproductive system. Also, bleeding can occur when the walls of the uterus are damaged by an intrauterine device. In this case, it is necessary to remove the spiral as soon as possible.

Which doctor should I contact for uterine bleeding?

If uterine bleeding occurs, regardless of the age of the woman or girl, you should contact gynecologist (make an appointment). If uterine bleeding has begun in a girl or young girl, it is advisable to contact a pediatric gynecologist. But if for some reason it is impossible to get to one, then you should contact the usual gynecologist of the antenatal clinic or a private clinic.

Unfortunately, uterine bleeding can be a sign not only of a long-term chronic disease of the internal genital organs of a woman, which requires a planned examination and treatment, but also of emergency symptoms. Emergency conditions mean acute diseases in which a woman needs urgent qualified medical care to save her life. And if such help is not provided for emergency bleeding, the woman will die.

Accordingly, it is necessary to contact a gynecologist at a polyclinic for uterine bleeding when there are no signs of an emergency. If uterine bleeding is combined with signs of an emergency, then you should immediately call an ambulance or use your own transport to get to the nearest hospital with a gynecological department as soon as possible. Consider in which cases uterine bleeding should be considered as an emergency.

First of all, all women should know that uterine bleeding at any stage of pregnancy (even if the pregnancy is not confirmed, but there is a delay of at least a week) should be considered as an emergency, since bleeding is usually provoked by life-threatening fetus and future mothers with conditions such as placental abruption, miscarriage, etc. And in such conditions, a woman should be provided with qualified assistance to save her life and, if possible, save the life of the gestating fetus.

Secondly, a sign of an emergency should be considered uterine bleeding that began during or some time after intercourse. Such bleeding may be due to pathology of pregnancy or severe trauma to the genital organs during previous intercourse. In such a situation, the help of a woman is vital, because in her absence, the bleeding will not stop, and the woman will die from blood loss that is incompatible with life. To stop bleeding in such a situation, it is necessary to suture all tears and injuries of the internal genital organs or to terminate the pregnancy.

Thirdly, an emergency should be considered uterine bleeding, which turns out to be profuse, does not decrease with time, is combined with severe pain in the lower abdomen or lower back, causes a sharp deterioration in well-being, blanching, decreased pressure, palpitations, increased sweating, possibly fainting. A common characteristic of an emergency condition with uterine bleeding is the fact of a sharp deterioration in the woman's well-being, when she cannot perform simple household and daily activities (she cannot stand up, turn her head, it is difficult for her to speak, if she tries to sit up in bed, she immediately falls, etc.) , but literally lies in a layer or even is unconscious.

What tests and examinations can a doctor prescribe for uterine bleeding?

Despite the fact that uterine bleeding can be triggered by various diseases, when they appear, the same examination methods (tests and instrumental diagnostics) are used. This is due to the fact that the pathological process during uterine bleeding is localized in the same organs - the uterus or ovaries.

Moreover, at the first stage, various examinations are carried out to assess the condition of the uterus, since uterine bleeding is most often caused by the pathology of this particular organ. And only if, after the examination, the pathology of the uterus was not detected, methods of examining the work of the ovaries are used, since in such a situation, bleeding is due to a disorder of the regulatory function of the ovaries. That is, the ovaries do not produce the required amount of hormones at different periods of the menstrual cycle, and therefore, as a response to hormonal imbalance, bleeding occurs.

So, with uterine bleeding, first of all, the doctor prescribes the following tests and examinations:

  • General blood analysis ;
  • Coagulogram (indicators of the blood coagulation system) (enroll);
  • Gynecological examination (make an appointment) and examination in mirrors;
  • Ultrasound of the pelvic organs (make an appointment).
A complete blood count is needed to assess the degree of blood loss and whether the woman has developed anemia. Also, a general blood test allows you to identify whether there are inflammatory processes in the body that can cause dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

A coagulogram allows you to evaluate the work of the blood coagulation system. And if the parameters of the coagulogram are not normal, then the woman should consult and undergo the necessary treatment with hematologist (make an appointment).

A gynecological examination allows the doctor to feel with his hands various neoplasms in the uterus and ovaries, to determine the presence of an inflammatory process by changing the consistency of the organs. And examination in the mirrors allows you to see the cervix and vagina, identify neoplasms in the cervical canal, or suspect cervical cancer.

Ultrasound is a highly informative method that allows you to identify inflammatory processes, tumors, cysts, polyps in the uterus and ovaries, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometriosis. That is, in fact, ultrasound can detect almost all diseases that can cause uterine bleeding. But, unfortunately, the information content of ultrasound is insufficient for a final diagnosis, since this method only provides an orientation in the diagnosis - for example, ultrasound can detect uterine myoma or endometriosis, but here it is possible to establish the exact localization of a tumor or ectopic foci, determine their type and assess the condition of the organ and surrounding tissues - it is impossible. Thus, ultrasound, as it were, allows you to determine the type of existing pathology, but to clarify its various parameters and find out the causes of this disease, it is necessary to use other examination methods.

When a gynecological examination is performed, examination in the mirrors, ultrasound and a general blood test and a coagulogram are made, it depends on which pathological process was detected in the genitals. Based on these examinations, the doctor may prescribe the following diagnostic manipulations:

  • Separate diagnostic curettage (sign up);
  • Hysteroscopy (make an appointment);
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (make an appointment).
So, if endometrial hyperplasia, cervical canal or endometrial polyps or endometritis are detected, the doctor usually prescribes a separate diagnostic curettage followed by a histological examination of the material. Histology allows you to understand whether there is a malignant tumor or malignancy of normal tissues in the uterus. In addition to curettage, the doctor may prescribe a hysteroscopy, during which the uterus and cervical canal are examined from the inside with a special device - a hysteroscope. In this case, hysteroscopy is usually performed first, and then curettage.

If fibroids or other tumors of the uterus have been detected, the doctor prescribes hysteroscopy in order to examine the cavity of the organ and see the neoplasm with the eye.

If endometriosis has been identified, the doctor may prescribe magnetic resonance imaging in order to clarify the location of ectopic foci. In addition, if endometriosis is detected, the doctor may prescribe a blood test for the content of follicle-stimulating, luteinizing hormones, testosterone in order to clarify the causes of the disease.

If cysts, tumors or inflammation in the ovaries have been identified, additional examinations are not carried out, since they are not needed. The only thing that the doctor can prescribe in this case is laparoscopic surgery (make an appointment) to remove neoplasms and conservative treatment for the inflammatory process.

In the event that the results Ultrasound (make an appointment), gynecological examination and examination in the mirrors, no pathology of the uterus or ovaries was revealed, dysfunctional bleeding is assumed due to a violation of the hormonal balance in the body. In such a situation, the doctor prescribes the following tests to determine the concentration of hormones that can affect the menstrual cycle and the appearance of uterine bleeding:

  • Blood test for cortisol (hydrocortisone) levels;
  • Blood test for the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, thyrotropin);
  • Blood test for the level of triiodothyronine (T3);
  • Blood test for thyroxine level (T4);
  • Blood test for the presence of antibodies to thyroperoxidase (AT-TPO);
  • Blood test for the presence of antibodies to thyroglobulin (AT-TG);
  • Blood test for the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH);
  • Blood test for luteinizing hormone (LH) levels;
  • Blood test for prolactin level (sign up);
  • Blood test for estradiol levels;
  • Blood test for dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DEA-S04);
  • Blood test for testosterone levels;
  • A blood test for the level of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG);
  • Blood test for the level of 17-OH progesterone (17-OP) (enroll).

Treatment of uterine bleeding

Treatment of uterine bleeding is aimed primarily at stopping bleeding, replenishing blood loss, as well as eliminating the cause and preventing it. Treat all bleeding in a hospital, tk. First of all, it is necessary to carry out diagnostic measures to find out their cause.

Methods for stopping bleeding depend on age, their cause, and the severity of the condition. One of the main methods of surgical control of bleeding is a separate diagnostic curettage - it also helps to identify the cause of this symptom. For this, scraping of the endometrium (mucous membrane) is sent for histological examination. Curettage is not performed for juvenile bleeding (only if heavy bleeding does not stop under the influence of hormones, and is life threatening). Another way to stop bleeding is hormonal hemostasis (the use of large doses of hormones) - estrogenic or combined oral contraceptives (non-ovlon, rigevidon, mersilon, marvelon).

During symptomatic therapy, the following medications are used:

  • hemostatic drugs (vikasol, dicinone, aminocaproic acid);
  • uterine contractions (oxytocin);
  • at low hemoglobin values ​​- iron preparations (maltofer, fenyuls) or blood components (fresh frozen plasma, erythrocyte mass);
  • vitamins and vasoconstrictive drugs (ascorutin, vitamins C, B 6, B 12, folic acid).
After stopping the bleeding, they are prevented from resuming. In case of dysfunction, this is a course of hormonal drugs (combined oral contraceptives or gestagens), the installation of a hormone-producing intrauterine device (Mirena). If intrauterine pathology is detected, chronic endometritis, endometrial polyps, uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia are treated.

Hemostatic agents used in uterine
bleeding

Hemostatic agents are used for uterine bleeding as part of symptomatic treatment. Most often prescribed:
  • dicynone;
  • etamsylate;
  • vikasol;
  • calcium preparations;
  • aminocaproic acid.
In addition, uterine contraction agents - oxytocin, pituitrin, hyphotocin - have a hemostatic effect in uterine bleeding. All of these drugs are most often prescribed in addition to surgical or hormonal methods to stop bleeding.

Dicynon for uterine bleeding

Dicynon (etamsylate) is one of the most common remedies used for uterine bleeding. It belongs to the group of hemostatic (hemostatic) drugs. Dicinon acts directly on the walls of capillaries (the smallest vessels), reduces their permeability and fragility, improves microcirculation (blood flow in the capillaries), and also improves blood clotting in places where small vessels are damaged. At the same time, it does not cause hypercoagulability (increased formation of blood clots), and does not constrict blood vessels.

The drug begins to act within 5-15 minutes after intravenous administration. Its effect lasts 4-6 hours.

Dicynon is contraindicated in the following cases:

  • thrombosis and thromboembolism;
  • malignant blood diseases;
  • hypersensitivity to the drug.
The method of application and dose is determined by the doctor in each case of bleeding. With menorrhagia, it is recommended to take dicynone tablets, starting from the 5th day of the expected menstruation, and ending on the fifth day of the next cycle.

What to do with prolonged uterine bleeding?

With prolonged uterine bleeding, it is important to seek medical help as soon as possible. If there are signs of severe anemia, it is necessary to call an ambulance to stop the bleeding and further observation in the hospital.
Shepherd's purse herb infusion: 1 tablespoon of dry grass is poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted for 1 hour, pre-wrapped, then filtered. Take 1 tablespoon, 3-4 times a day before meals.
3. Infusion of nettle dioecious: 1 tablespoon of dry leaves is poured with a glass of boiling water, boiled for 10 minutes on low heat, then cooled and filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 4-5 times a day.

The use of folk remedies is permissible only after consulting a doctor, because. uterine bleeding is a symptom of various diseases, often quite serious. Therefore, it is extremely important to find the cause of this condition, and start treatment as soon as possible.

Before use, you should consult with a specialist.

Uterine bleeding is profuse bleeding from the uterine cavity. In most cases, this pathology is caused by a failure of hormonal functions in the female body. Uterine bleeding poses a serious threat to a woman's health, they are fraught with numerous complications, and in some situations can even cause death.

The main cause of bleeding is considered to be a disorder in the production of female sex hormones. In addition, there are many factors that can provoke bleeding from the uterus. These include:

  1. Diseases of the hematopoietic system.
  2. thrombocytopenia.
  3. Pathologies that develop during pregnancy.
  4. Traumatic injuries of the genital organs.
  5. Pathological processes in the uterus, as well as its appendages.
  6. Various gynecological diseases.
  7. The presence of tumor neoplasms, both benign and oncological.
  8. Complications arising after childbirth.
  9. Pathology of the liver.
  10. Endocrine diseases.
  11. Miscarriage.
  12. The use of intrauterine contraceptives
  13. Long-term use of hormonal contraceptives.
  14. Endometriosis.
  15. Changes in climatic conditions.
  16. Frequent stressful situations.
  17. Tuberculosis of the genital organs.
  18. hypovitaminosis,
  19. Disorders of the adrenal cortex
  20. Pathology of the thyroid gland.
  21. The presence of inflammatory processes in the reproductive system.

Symptoms

A characteristic feature of this pathology is considered to be abundant bleeding, lasting more than a week. In addition, uterine bleeding is characterized by the presence of such symptoms:

  1. Hypotension.
  2. General weakening of the body.
  3. Dizziness.
  4. The presence of blood clots in the discharge.
  5. Sanitary napkins should be changed every hour or more.
  6. Pain in the lower abdomen.
  7. development of anemia.
  8. Paleness of the skin.
  9. Tachycardia.
  10. Slow pulse.
  11. Loss of consciousness.

How to remove bleeding from menstruation?

Uterine bleeding differs from typical menstruation in a number of characteristic ways. These include the following factors:

  1. A significant increase in the volume of allocated blood (over eighty milliliters per day).
  2. Passion for the duration of the discharge (menorrhagia).
  3. Bleeding is observed in the intermenstrual period (polymenorrhea).
  4. Bleeding also occurs during menopause, which is not typical for menstruation.
  5. Metrorrhagia, characterized by failures in the regularity of the menstrual cycle, is also a pathological manifestation.
  6. If there are at least a few of the above signs, we are talking about uterine bleeding.

More on the topic: What is lactostasis?

Kinds

The presented pathology may differ in a number of signs due to the causes of occurrence, as well as some concomitant factors. The classification distinguishes the following varieties:

  1. Dysfunctional bleeding is a pathology that occurs due to a violation of the ovulation process, as well as the activity of the organs responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle. Most often observed in women aged thirty to forty years.
  2. Obstetric bleeding usually occurs during pregnancy, during the birth process, as well as the early postpartum period. This type of bleeding is considered one of the most dangerous, as it is characterized by suddenness and intensity. In fifteen percent of cases, in the absence of timely assistance, obstetric bleeding can lead to the death of a woman.
  3. Organic bleeding occurs due to various anomalies of the female genital organs, as well as in the presence of systemic types of diseases.
  4. Iatrogenic bleeding. Their appearance leads to prolonged and uncontrolled use of hormonal contraceptives, as well as improper installation of an ectopic device.
  5. Menopausal bleeding - occur during menopause, as a result of hormonal failure in the body.
  6. Juvenile bleeding occurs mainly in adolescent girls during puberty.
  7. Diffuse bleeding occurs due to nodular adenomyosis of the uterus and associated changes in the myometrium.

Diagnostics

In case of suspicion, it is necessary, without delay, to contact a specialist - gynecologists and undergo a comprehensive examination. This is necessary in order to accurately establish the causes of this manifestation, as well as eliminate provoking factors. Diagnosis is also necessary because the presence of pathology in the form of bloody discharge from the uterus can be a sign of quite serious diseases that require immediate treatment.

For uterine bleeding, the following diagnostic procedures are used:

  1. General blood analysis.
  2. Studies of smears from the cervix (in case of suspected cancer).
  3. Ultrasound procedure.
  4. Biopsy - taking suspicious tissue for further research.
  5. Blood chemistry.
  6. Analyzes for the content of hormones.
  7. Curettage of the cervical canal and the walls of the uterine cavity for histological examination. This procedure, among other things, is characterized by a therapeutic effect, since blood clots are removed during scraping, as well as defective epidermis.

How to stop bleeding?

In case of uterine bleeding, an ambulance should be called immediately. And before the doctors arrive, everything possible should be done to alleviate the condition of the woman. Remember that not only health, but also the life of the patient depends on timely and competently provided first aid. So, in order to stop severe uterine bleeding on your own, you must do the following:

  1. Give the victim hemostatic drugs (Etamzilat, Dicyon, etc.).
  2. After the medicine is taken, the patient should be laid down, and a pillow should be placed under her legs.
  3. It is recommended to apply a heating pad with ice or just something cold to the lower abdomen.
  4. If there is a sharp drop in blood pressure, let the patient drink sweet hot tea.

Vaginal bleeding in women is an alarming symptom that can indicate a variety of diseases and emergency situations. The causes of bleeding in women can be varied and depend on age.

In order to simplify the diagnosis of bleeding, they are conditionally divided into two groups depending on the affected system:

  • pathology of the reproductive system;
  • extragenital pathology.

An important point in the diagnosis of vaginal bleeding is the relationship with pregnancy. After all, it can be an early miscarriage, a threatened abortion, an ectopic pregnancy.

All systems and organs interact with each other. The disease of one system can affect another, showing different symptoms. Extragenital causes of bleeding from the vagina:

  • changes in thyroid function (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism);
  • diseases of the heart and blood vessels (hypertension);
  • hepatitis, cirrhosis;
  • blood diseases;
  • hypovitaminosis (lack of vitamins affecting the state of blood vessels and blood coagulation);
  • various infectious diseases;
  • prolonged stress and emotional overload, physical exhaustion.

These causes are a specific manifestation of the underlying disease, and require primary treatment.

Bleeding in women involving the reproductive system

If pregnancy has not yet been established, early miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy should be considered. Other causes may be endometriosis, uterine fibroids,. In view of the fact that oncopathology has become younger in recent years, we must not forget about cervical cancer. A feature of blood discharge in cervical cancer is that the discharge has a specific smell and appears more often after intercourse.

In the late trimesters of pregnancy, the reasons may be:

  • placenta previa;
  • premature detachment of the placenta;
  • eclampsia;
  • preeclampsia;
  • scar on the body of the uterus.

During pregnancy, in the presence of bleeding of any nature and intensity, a woman is advised to immediately seek medical help at a antenatal clinic or call an ambulance.

Causes of blood loss not related to childbearing:

  • neoplasms of the uterus and ovaries;
  • ovarian apoplexy;
  • various inflammatory diseases;
  • trauma;
  • cervical erosion;
  • endometriosis.

Women with the above pathology should systematically undergo medical examinations.

Uterine bleeding in different age periods

All uterine bleeding is divided into pathological and physiological. Therefore, first of all, the chronological stage of the individual development of the reproductive system is determined.

Bleeding is conditionally divided into age periods:

  • juvenile (from 10 to 18 years old);
  • reproductive (fertile period from 18 to 50 years);
  • menopausal period (time for the extinction of ovarian function);
  • postmenopausal (final completion of menstruation).

Most often, signs of uterine bleeding in women occur from 28 to 40 years, but can appear at any age. The main cause of uterine bleeding most often at this age is a violation of the ovulation process.

The ongoing shift in the hormonal system provokes the growth of the mucosa in the uterus, resulting in stagnation and accumulation of blood, thereby disrupting blood circulation. After the permeability of the vessels changes, the conditions for the development of bleeding develop. The uterus becomes a place of accumulation of blood.

If the number of platelets decreases, causing the blood to become thinner, this increases blood loss and exacerbates posthemorrhagic anemia. After all, a lot of blood can be lost. Although the female body is adapted to certain monthly expenses and subsequent replenishment.

For each age period, the reasons may be different, since each age has certain features. But you can highlight the main points that affect equally bad, despite age.

Factors that negatively affect the hormonal system:

  • infectious diseases of acute and chronic nature;
  • lack of vitamins and minerals;
  • psychological trauma and emotional stress;
  • physical exhaustion;
  • thyroid disease (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism);
  • inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system;
  • complicated childbirth and abortion.

In a certain age category, there are risks for this or that disease. For example, hypovitaminosis is more typical for young people and those who are in the postmenopausal period. Accordingly, abortions for women with the complete completion of the menstrual function is casuistry.

Differences between bleeding and normal menstruation

With normal monthly 70-100 ml for the entire period, but again, they can be more intense. With menorrhagia, about 120 ml per day more can be lost. How to understand that this is not just menstruation, but true blood loss?

Signs of uterine bleeding:

  • impotence, accompanied by dizziness;
  • marbling of the skin;
  • there may be vomiting and nausea, but not necessarily;
  • fainting or fainting;
  • weak filling pulse, palpitations, tachycardia;
  • hypotension, pressure decreases;
  • the presence of vaginal blood;
  • during menstruation, clots, pads are released, and tampons fill up very quickly;
  • at night you have to change hygiene products more often than twice;
  • the duration of such bleeding is more than eight days, and;
  • are not accompanied by pain syndrome;
  • may appear after sex;
  • most often do not coincide with menstruation.

Bleeding that occurs after a missed period is usually functional. If the discharge is abundant in volume and cyclic, then this may indicate uterine fibromyoma and systemic blood pathologies. , that is, a year after the last menstruation in women is interpreted as an obvious pathology. In this case, it is necessary to urgently exclude a malignant neoplasm. But, as a rule, discharge at this age is quite meager and occurs due to atrophy of the vulva and vagina.

Summarizing

The presence of bleeding is alarming and can indicate many diseases. The problem of bleeding remains relevant today. If timely medical care is not provided, everything can end tragically.

For the purpose of prevention, it is necessary to visit a gynecologist once a year, if necessary, a hematologist and endocrinologist. In addition, strengthen your body, adhere to a balanced diet and perform dosed physical activity.

httpss://youtu.be/iEqGQYNM0yg?t=1s

Uterine bleeding- discharge of blood from the uterus. Observed in women:

  1. normal - during menstruation (this bleeding is not dangerous, although it can be abundant with clots);
  2. in case of pathology - an urgent appeal to a gynecologist is necessary, since this type of blood loss cannot be stopped at home.

Abundant bleeding from the uterus is a dangerous sign of trouble in the female body. In no case should this symptom be ignored, because a person can weaken and die from blood loss. Severe blood loss through damaged uterine tissues is most often observed in complicated childbirth with tears and ruptures of the muscular uterine walls.

Let's talk about how to stop heavy uterine bleeding with clots during menstruation and pathologies from the uterus at home.

Attention!!!

Always in case of rapid loss of blood, urgently call an ambulance and take first aid measures to stop or at least reduce the intensity of bleeding!

Bleeding from the uterus: norm and pathology

Uterine bleeding is observed monthly in healthy women of reproductive age. Consider the signs of difference between menstruation and pathological hemorrhage:

  1. regularity - menstruation occurs once every 21-30 days, not more often;
  2. profusion - during menstruation, the discharge of blood from the uterus increases in the first three days, and then decreases;
  3. sore sensations - during menstruation, as a rule, there is a slight discomfort or absence of pain;
  4. duration - menstruation lasts up to 7 days, and abnormal bleeding is usually longer.

Bleeding can also be observed in girls who have not yet entered puberty.

Hemorrhages: causes of development

Pathological discharge of blood from the uterus can appear at any age. Usually, in girls and young girls, this condition does not require serious treatment. But with menopause, the outflow of blood from the genitals of a woman is an alarming sign. You need an urgent consultation with a gynecologist!

Pathological profuse and moderate uterine bleeding cause:

  1. functional failures of the physiological complex hypothalamus-pituitary-ovaries;
  2. hyperplasia (growth) of the endometrium (accompanied by prolonged heavy bleeding), because with endometrial hyperplasia, the mucous membrane of the uterus is rejected;
  3. diseases of the uterus and its appendages, including neoplasms (intense bleeding with uterine myoma);
  4. somatic pathologies (liver diseases);
  5. low blood clotting (usually uterine bleeding is combined with hemorrhages from the nose, gums, cuts);
  6. violations in the activity of the thyroid gland;
  7. complicated pregnancy and difficult childbirth;
  8. anemia;
  9. the use of contraceptives - oral and intrauterine, drugs that thin the blood;
  10. uncontrolled, untreated hypertension.

First aid: how to stop uterine bleeding at home

If signs and symptoms of uterine bleeding are found, urgently call an emergency ambulance. Especially if the bleeding has opened in a pregnant woman.

External signs: what it looks like

The woman outwardly looks very pale, weakened, she has a weak pulse, low blood pressure.

Subjective symptoms: what complains about, what reports

A woman experiences (reports) severe weakness, fainting.

What can and should be done

First aid for uterine bleeding at home is, if not completely stopping the blood, then at least slowing down its loss. You need to call a gynecologist or an ambulance paramedic, or take her to the first aid station, gynecological department (surgical) of the hospital at the place of residence (or location).

It may not be possible to find out the reason why blood is flowing without examining a specialist.

  1. Lay the patient down, give her rest. It is recommended to raise the legs for better blood supply to vital organs, to prevent loss of consciousness.
  2. Place an ice pack (a plastic bottle filled with frozen or cold water) on the woman's lower abdomen. After 15 minutes, take a five-minute break.
  3. Give the patient a plentiful warm drink - to replenish the fluid: black tea, rosehip broth, plain water.
  4. Give a hemostatic Dicynon).

What Not to Do

  1. warm the stomach
  2. take a hot bath;
  3. take medicines that cause uterine contractions;
  4. douche.

Be careful about self-administration of medicines due to side effects. After the arrival of the ambulance team, further therapy is usually carried out in a hospital setting.

After childbirth, bleeding from the uterus at low pressure is often caused by poor tone of the uterine muscles.

Medical treatment

With uterine bleeding, hemostatic drugs are used along with hormonal agents.

Typically, such drugs are prescribed in the form of intramuscular injections or intravenous infusions in saline (they put a "system"):

  1. Aminocaproic acid;
  2. Vikasol;
  3. Dicynon;
  4. calcium chloride;
  5. Contrykal;
  6. Oxytocin;
  7. Traneksam;
  8. fibrinogen;
  9. Etamzilat.

With heavy bleeding from the uterus with clots, the same drugs are used intravenously. So they act faster.

Folk remedies at home

With uncomplicated and non-dangerous uterine bleeding, with the permission of a gynecologist, some folk remedies are used at home.

Home remedies in the form of medicinal plants and herbs are unacceptable for uncontrolled use. Daily intake is limited to three tablespoons.

The combination of official medical methods of therapy and treatment with traditional medicine helps to quickly stop bleeding and prevent recurrence of the disease.

Highlander

The pouch contains:

  1. acids (acetic and malic);
  2. vitamins K and C;
  3. tannin (phenolic compound with tannic properties);
  4. essential oils.

Grass allows you to strengthen the walls of blood vessels, reduce pressure and increase blood viscosity.

In order to prepare the infusion, take 3 teaspoons of the kidney mountaineer, pour 1 glass of boiling water and leave for 2 hours, wrapped. Apply the infusion inside three times a day, 1 tablespoon on an empty stomach.

Contraindications: not to be used

  1. when carrying a child;
  2. with renal pathologies;
  3. with diseases of the urinary system;
  4. with thrombosis and cardiovascular disorders.

water pepper

This plant has a beneficial effect on the reproductive organs of a woman due to the components in its composition:

  1. organic acids;
  2. tannin;
  3. vitamin K;
  4. cardiac glycosides (rutin, polygoperine);
  5. essential oils.

With uterine bleeding, tincture of water pepper improves blood clotting, tones the vessels of the uterus, and stabilizes the work of its smooth muscles. The tincture is very effective in bleeding after childbirth.

Recipe: raw materials are crushed, 1 tablespoon of herbs is poured into 1 cup of boiling water. 2 hours insist, wrapping the vessel, filter. Take a tincture of water pepper before meals, 1 tablespoon three times a day.

Remember: Water pepper is contraindicated for girls under 12 and pregnant women.

Contraindications: Do not use with

  1. ischemia;
  2. hypertension;
  3. thrombophlebitis;
  4. kidney diseases;
  5. brain pathologies;
  6. individual intolerance.

Ready-made liquid extract of water pepper can be bought at a pharmacy. True, for those who are contraindicated in ethyl alcohol, there is an alternative remedy: tablets Hydropiperine.

Shepherd's bag

Preparations made on the basis of medicinal herbs - shepherd's purse - are widely used for uterine bleeding. This medicinal plant contains:

  1. alkaloids;
  2. organic acids;
  3. glycosides;
  4. choline;
  5. vitamin C;
  6. tannin;
  7. riboflavin.

The components of the shepherd's purse stimulate the secretion of fibrin (this improves blood clotting and causes uterine contractions).

Contraindications:

  1. pregnancy,
  2. haemorrhoids.

Nettle

In traditional medicine, the healing properties of nettle, with uterine bleeding, are used in the same way as in folk medicine. The properties of nettle help to stop the blood, because it contains a number of:

  1. organic acids;
  2. vitamins K, C, A, B;
  3. phytoncides;
  4. esculin;
  5. glycosides;
  6. tannin.

You can buy a ready-made nettle extract at the pharmacy and take it daily three times a day, 20-35 drops in a tablespoon of water, this will normalize the menstrual cycle.

To prepare a nettle decoction, do the following: pour 1 tablespoon of raw materials with a glass of boiling water and simmer over low heat for several minutes. Further, cool, filter. Take orally before meals 2 tablespoons three to five times a day.

Nettle is contraindicated in:

  1. hypertension;
  2. atherosclerosis;
  3. kidney disease;
  4. thrombophlebitis.

Popular folk recipes

I give as an example a list of folk recipes that in the past folk healers pacified or stopped bleeding.

  1. Clear peel from six oranges. Put the peel in a saucepan with one and a half liters of water. Then put on fire and boil until the entire volume is boiled down to half a liter. Take orally one-fourth of a glass three times a day.
  2. One tablespoon yarrow slowly simmer on fire in one glass of water for about ten minutes. Drink a decoction of one third of a glass three times a day before meals.
  3. Take one teaspoon horsetail, pour a glass of boiling water in a jar, insist 2 hours, wrapped. Strain and take orally 1 tablespoon three times a day.
  4. Dry grape leaves ground into powder. Take orally 4 times a day, 1 tablespoon of the powder.
  5. Three tablespoons clover pour a glass of boiling water and insist 2 hours, wrapped. Drink like tea.
  6. 2 tablespoons raspberry leaf pour one glass of boiling water, insist for 2 hours, wrapped. Take half a glass four times a day.
  7. Take 1 tablespoon Hypericum and pour 1 glass of boiling water, wrap, insist 2 hours. Take orally 3 times a day, one third of a glass.

At home, you can stop uterine bleeding that is not dangerous during menstruation. But stopping heavy bleeding is the task of specialists.

Before you choose any remedy to stop or reduce the outflow of blood - consult a gynecologist!

Related videos

How to stop uterine bleeding: a 100% way

On Violet Ibell's video channel.

In this video, I share my valuable experience. I have been using this method of stopping bleeding and preventing women for 6 years!

Bleeding from the uterus with fibroids - how to stop?

Maria Milani - Women's Health Academy - www.acwomen.ru.

Uterine fibroids are often accompanied by profuse monthly or bloody discharge in the middle of the cycle, which is often not due to the fibroids themselves, but to concomitant internal and external endometriosis or adenomyosis.

Such conditions can harm a woman - losing a large amount of blood, the body experiences oxygen starvation, anemia develops. However, uterine bleeding is most dangerous in the presence of fibroids - every woman should know how to stop it and prevent the development of hemorrhagic shock.

Consider the questions:

  1. How is uterine bleeding manifested?
  2. Why is bleeding longer and harder to stop with fibroids?
  3. What to do with uterine bleeding?
  4. Prevention of uterine bleeding.

You can learn more about how to defeat the disease on your own and avoid the removal of fibroids in the book “Uterine Fibroids. How to become healthy”, which contains effective methods of strengthening women's health.

You can get the book for free on the website www.acwomen.ru in the Free section - http://acwomen.ru/kniga/.

Maria Milani and the Women's Health Academy are with you.

Contacts:

  • +7 985 772 88 09
  • +7 911 139 16 24 (viber)
  • +375 29 662 25 09
  • Email address for contacts:
  • Official site of the Women's Academy of Health www.acwomen.ru.

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Sytin's settings were constantly tested on various technical equipment. With the help of sensors, all kinds of indications of the reactions of the body during speech exposure were taken.

“Method of G.N. Sytin was checked more than once by the USSR Ministry of Health, the Institute of Biophysics of the Academy of Medical Sciences, the Research Institute of Forensic Psychiatry. V.P. Serbian. The conclusions of authoritative commissions are unequivocal: the method is recognized as consistent and effective. But its application was restrained by the conservatism of some representatives of our official medicine ”(V. I. Vyunitsky, candidate of philosophical sciences).

The SOEVS method, successfully used in healthcare, in sports, in the cosmonaut training center, is aimed at controlling all body systems, it is believed that it makes it possible to restore health even with “incurable” diseases.

“Sytin's Attunements” are carefully selected, verified texts, each with its own “problem”, the regular repetition of which, penetrating into the subconscious, does some work to improve the body.

How to stop periods: bleeding during menstruation, if they have already begun

https://youtu.be/Hnd84N-WOsQ

On the video channel "Family".

If you are wondering how to stop your period, you should watch this video and learn how to stop bleeding during your period.

There are pills that stop this thing, and it is believed that they help if they have already begun. In any case, only a gynecologist can help and prescribe a medicine, drug or procedure and give advice on how to stop them for a day at home at home, if they are plentiful and whether this can be done if they go for a long time.

Some girls say it helps to use drugs dicynone, vikasol that stop bleeding, if with clots quickly reduce this matter and eliminate pain even with menopause or for 1 day, when they go for a long time. There are profuse periods with clots, like blood pouring from a bucket. How are menstruation going?

Strong traditional medicine and folk remedies recommend stopping in different ways, including nettle will help for a couple of days and urgently for an hour. If they are long and do not end, they can write out tranexam, but you only need to find out everything from a doctor, and not at school or from a friend. Someone advises to do everything lemon and others are treated analgin, take water pepper, etamsylate, get an injection on the first day or 2 weeks when it passes, as well as on the last day, take birth control and learn how to take vikasol after menstruation, to remove the daub.

The problem happens with fibroids, 9 days in a row when they heal dicynone long or protracted duphaston. Sometimes it helps for a few hours. askorutin, but all methods do not give a guarantee if the doctor does not do an examination. There are lemon-colored discharge in women. What happens in the body during menstruation.

Hemostatic drugs for heavy periods

Video channel "Catch the answer!".

Before taking anything, you should definitely consult your doctor. Because the discharge that a woman takes for menstruation can actually be uterine bleeding.

A hemostatic agent is prescribed in order to avoid the development of anemia, if the daily blood loss exceeds 80 ml. Visually, this means that a pad with a high degree and volume of absorption is changed every 1-2 hours.

Uterine bleeding, characterized by bright red discharge and intense outflow, requires the intervention of a doctor.

What hemostatic agents can be used:

  1. "Etamzilat" or "dicynon";
  2. Vikasol is tablets and injections. When administered intramuscularly, it is more effective, but rather painful. This is an old-style drug, and it has newer counterparts.
  3. "Tranexam" - it is very effective, quickly helps.

The doctor may also prescribe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs if the bleeding is painful, as well as oxytocin and intravenous calcium chloride.

If bleeding occurs in a girl with an unsettled cycle, the doctor may prescribe oral contraceptives.

Of the herbs that effectively stop bleeding - nettle, yarrow, water pepper extract, peppermint and shepherd's purse. However, they should also be taken under the supervision of a specialist.

Medicinal herbs for uterine bleeding

Video channel "Phytotherapist".

What medicinal herbs and fees are used for uterine bleeding, says the phytotherapist Bazlova L. M.

Fitosbor " Katerina"Successfully used in the treatment of uterine bleeding and complex phytotherapy of uterine fibroids.

So we discussed the topic of how to stop heavy uterine bleeding with clots during menstruation and pathologies from the uterus at home.