There is anxiety and excitement inside. Constant feeling of anxiety

Anxiety syndrome is a mental disorder that is associated with stress of varying duration and intensity, and is manifested by an unreasonable feeling of anxiety. It should be noted that if there are objective reasons, a feeling of anxiety can also be characteristic of a healthy person. However, when feelings of fear and anxiety appear unreasonably, for no apparent reason, this may be a signal of the presence of a disease, which is called anxiety neurosis or fear neurosis.

Causes of the disease

Both psychological and physiological factors can take part in the development of anxiety neurosis. Heredity also plays a role, so the search for the cause of anxiety disorders in children should begin with the parents.

Psychological factors:

• emotional stress (for example, anxiety neurosis can develop due to the threat of change and worries about this);
• deep-seated emotional drives of various natures (aggressive, sexual and others), which under the influence of certain circumstances can be activated.

Physiological factors:

• disruption of the endocrine system and the resulting hormonal shift - for example, organic changes in the adrenal cortex or certain brain structures where hormones are produced that are responsible for the occurrence of fear, anxiety and regulating our mood;
• severe disease.

Speaking about the causes of this condition, it is worth noting that all these factors predispose to anxiety syndrome, and its immediate development occurs with additional mental stress.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the development of anxiety disorders after drinking alcohol. In this case, the onset of anxiety is usually noted in the morning. In this case, the main disease is alcoholism, and the observed feelings of anxiety are only one of the symptoms that appear with a hangover.

Symptoms of anxiety neurosis

Clinical manifestations of anxiety neurosis can be varied and include:

• mental;
• vegetative and somatic disorders.

Mental manifestations

The main thing here is an unreasonable, unexpected and inexplicable feeling of anxiety, which can manifest itself in the form of an attack. At this time, a person unreasonably begins to feel an uncertain impending catastrophe. There may be severe weakness and general trembling. Such an attack can appear suddenly and pass just as suddenly. Its duration is usually about 20 minutes.

There may also be some sense of unreality of what is happening around. Sometimes the attack is so strong that the patient ceases to correctly navigate the space around him.

Anxious neurosis is characterized by manifestations of hypochondria (excessive anxiety about one’s own health), frequent mood swings, sleep disorders and fatigue.

At first, the patient feels only an occasional feeling of anxiety for no reason. As the disease progresses, it develops into a constant feeling of anxiety.

Autonomic and somatic disorders

The symptoms here may vary. Dizziness and headaches are observed, which are not characterized by clear localization. Pain can also be felt in the area of ​​the heart, and it is sometimes accompanied by rapid heartbeat. The patient may feel short of breath and often experience shortness of breath. With anxiety neurosis, the digestive system is also involved in the general malaise; this can manifest itself as stool upset and nausea.

Diagnostics

For a doctor to make a correct diagnosis, a simple conversation with the patient is often enough. In this case, the conclusions of other specialists can serve as confirmation when complaints (for example, headaches or other disorders) do not reveal any specific organic pathology.

It is also important for the doctor to determine that this neurosis is not a manifestation of psychosis. An assessment of this condition by the patient himself will help here. With neurosis, patients are usually able to correctly relate their problems to reality. In psychosis, this assessment is impaired, and the patient is not aware of the fact of his illness.

How to get rid of feelings of fear and anxiety: treatment of anxiety neurosis

In order to get rid of feelings of anxiety, you should consult a specialist in a timely manner. This problem is dealt with by psychotherapists or psychiatrists. Treatment interventions will largely be determined by the extent and severity of the disorder. In this case, the doctor may prescribe the following types of treatment:

• psychotherapy sessions;
• drug treatment.

As a rule, treatment of anxiety neurosis begins with psychotherapy sessions. First of all, the doctor strives to ensure that the patient understands the causes of his somatic and autonomic disorders. Also, psychotherapeutic sessions are designed to teach you how to relax and properly relieve stress. In addition to psychotherapy, some physical therapy and relaxation massage may be recommended.

Not all patients diagnosed with anxiety-phobic neurosis require drug treatment. Medicines are used when it is necessary to quickly obtain an effect for a period until the result is achieved through other methods of treatment. In this case, your doctor may prescribe antidepressants and tranquilizers.

Prevention

To prevent the development of anxiety states, it is important to adhere to the simplest rules:

• lead a healthy lifestyle;
• allocate sufficient time for sleep and rest;
• find time for moderate physical activity;
• eat well;
• devote time to your hobby or favorite activity that brings emotional pleasure;
• maintain relationships with pleasant people;
• be able to deal with stress independently and relieve tension with the help of auto-training.

The concept of “anxiety” was first identified by Sigmund Freud, describing it as an emotional state that includes the experience of expectation and uncertainty, and a feeling of helplessness. Unlike fear (a reaction to a specific danger that threatens a person’s life), anxiety is the experience of a vague threat. Anxiety can arise for no apparent reason: there seems to be nothing to be afraid of, but your soul is restless. Such experiences develop into anxiety and become a distinctive feature of a person, features of his character.

All our worries come from childhood. At first we are afraid of the Serpent Gorynych and Baba Yaga, as we get older - a dark room, spiders, snakes and cars. At school we are afraid of bad grades, at work - conflicts with the boss and/or dismissal, in the family - misunderstandings and disappointments. Everyone has their own Achilles heel. However, absolutely all of us tend to worry about the health and well-being of ourselves, our children and loved ones.

However, the absence of reasons for concern frightens some people no less: if everything is fine now, it means that something unpleasant will certainly happen soon. However, it is important to understand that the basis of all our anxieties is fear of the future, and all people, without exception, are susceptible to it, even the strongest and most fearless in appearance. The difference is only in relation to anxiety and the degree of experience.

How she is born

The emergence of anxiety in a child is promoted by insufficiently competent behavior of parents. Increased demands with an inadequate assessment of his real capabilities can cause a child to constantly fear that he does not meet the expectations of his parents and does not deserve their love. An anxious child, as a rule, is passive, not sufficiently independent, he tends to dream rather than act, live in an imaginary world, and finds it difficult to build relationships with peers. With this behavior, parents begin to worry even more, thereby provoking his self-doubt.

On the other hand, a child can become anxious even with overprotective parents - in an atmosphere of excessive care and precaution. Then he gets the feeling that he is insignificant, his opinions and desires are actually not needed or interesting to anyone. And if so, then the world seems unpredictable and filled with continuous dangers.

The next scenario is the conflicting demands of parents: when the father approaches the upbringing process harshly, and the mother lowers all his demands. Torn between one pole and the other, the child is unable to make decisions, which increases his level of anxiety.

“Not so long ago, the concept of “family anxiety” appeared in psychology,” says psychologist Zhanna Lurie. – It refers to a state of often poorly understood anxiety experienced by one or more adult family members. Anxiety can be caused by doubts about the continuation of relationships, problems with money, different views on education... All this, of course, is passed on to the child, very often he becomes an indicator of problems in the family.

In addition, at the psychological level, anxiety can be caused by internal conflict associated with incorrect ideas about one’s own self-image, an inadequate level of aspirations, insufficient awareness of the goal, the need to choose between different areas of activity, and so on.

Universe of Threats

What happens to a person when he is in a state of anxiety?

“One of the characteristic signs is muscle tension, in which a certain muscle group is tensed - usually the collar zone,” says Zhanna Lurie. – Often a person is not aware of the tension, feeling only some discomfort. If this happens constantly, the clamps threaten to become chronic and turn into a kind of armor that will limit freedom of movement and can lead to loss of sensitivity in this area. Periodic massage of the collar area, of course, will relieve tension for a while, but will not get rid of the problem if the person continues to live in stress.

An anxious person becomes nervous, irritable, on the verge of a breakdown, gets scared easily, cannot concentrate, suffers from insomnia, and gets tired quickly. The world around him is perceived as a universe of dangers and threats, and this state can subsequently turn into neurosis, says Zhanna Lurie. “He often hears what is said to him differently, reacts sharply and painfully to harmless messages, and perceives any words from his boss as a personal insult. Such a person is very afraid of making a mistake, perceiving it as the ruin of his entire life.

However, anxiety also has its positive sides. She warns us of real dangers, of the possibility of injury, pain, punishment. It is normal for a person to feel anxious when going on a first date or speaking in front of an audience if they are worried about being on time for an important meeting.

We fight and win!

Experts say: anxiety almost always arises when a person is forced to make some decisions, when he is not sure that he can implement them, and when the result is very important and valuable to him. That is, in fact, anxiety accompanies us most of our lives. Therefore, it is very important to understand how to deal with them and how to direct your experiences in the right direction.

● It is important to understand the nature of the anxiety tormenting you: is it real or imaginary. To do this, ask yourself a few questions: how important and necessary is what I am afraid of? What's the worst thing that could happen if everything turns out exactly as I fear? What will happen if it happens differently? This will help separate what is important from what is not.

● Try to think positively. Calm down and tune yourself to the fact that there are more good people in the world and not everyone in this life wishes you harm.

● Rest and relax more often, do not push yourself: in an exhausted state, all reactions are experienced much more acutely.

● Consider yourself to cope with the situation that is causing you anxiety, or at least try to do so. But it is advisable not to slip into auto-training: in this case, a person does not realize the real dangers and does not assess his strength to combat them, but pretends that the problem simply does not exist.

If you are tormented by constant anxiety and you cannot say what exactly you are afraid of, ask yourself: what worries you so much at the moment? What can you do right now? If you can't find the answer, try to imagine something positive. And don’t put off visiting a specialist: he will help you figure out the reasons and understand what to do next.

By the way

If anxiety goes through the roof, it can develop into panic. Here are its main symptoms: inability to breathe deeply, dizziness, fainting/fainting, clouding of consciousness, rapid heartbeat, trembling throughout the body, severe sweating, choking, vomiting. As well as stomach upset, numbness or tingling in the body. A person feels either cold or hot, he feels the unreality of what is happening (the body seems not to be mine), pain or a pressing feeling in the chest, it seems to him that he is about to die or go crazy. At least three or four signs from this list are enough to understand that panic attacks have begun. And here you can’t do without a specialist.

Personal opinion

Alexey Romanov:

– Feelings of anxiety are common to everyone. But you don't need to give in to him. I recommend distracting yourself: opening a bottle of champagne or re-reading The Marriage of Figaro. Try to think positive. It's not as difficult as it seems. It helps me out. For example, you are walking down the street, you hear some bad music coming from a stall, it will definitely cling to you and spin around in your head, then with an effort of will I force myself to remember something good from the music. And it drives out nonsense. Same with feelings of anxiety. Gloomy people on the streets think about bad things. This is a bad habit, but it is very easy to fight. You just need to make an effort. It is difficult to cope with strong emotions and requires enormous training under experienced guidance. At a young age, over-emotions helped me in creativity, but now I avoid them. A wise figure itself avoids stress, this is simply a property of an adult organism. There is no escape from experience, it turns you into an armed ship when you foresee - armed, forewarned and not getting involved in anything.

Stress and anxiety are a normal reaction to difficult life situations, but they go away after the difficulties are resolved. During periods that cause anxiety and anxiety, use stress relief techniques, try folk remedies.

Anxiety is the body's response to a physical or psychological threat. Acute anxiety may occur before an important or difficult event. It goes away quickly. However, for some people, anxiety becomes almost normal, seriously affecting their daily lives. This painful condition is called chronic anxiety.

Symptoms

An acute state of anxiety manifests itself in a vague or, conversely, clearly directed premonition. It may be accompanied by physical symptoms such as stomach cramps, dry mouth, rapid heartbeat, sweating, diarrhea and insomnia. With chronic anxiety, sometimes there is causeless worry. Some people fall into panic, for which there seems to be no reason. Symptoms include a feeling of suffocation, chest pain, chills, tingling in the arms and legs, weakness and a feeling of dread; sometimes they are so strong that both those suffering from neurosis and those around them can mistake them for a real heart attack.

Breathing exercises for anxiety

Yoga classes are useful for people who often experience anxiety. They promote physical and mental relaxation, smooth breathing and help overcome negative emotions. The exercise is designed to strengthen and relax the muscles of the chest and abdomen and restore the disrupted flow of vital energy (prana). At each stage, take five breaths.

• Kneel down, place one hand on your stomach, the other on your thigh. Feel how the abdominal wall rises when you inhale, and how it draws in when you exhale slowly.
• Place your palms on either side of your chest. When breathing, raise and lower your chest, while exhaling, pressing on it with your hands, squeezing out the air.
• Tighten your abdominal muscles. As you inhale, lift your shoulders and upper chest and lower them as you exhale, while relaxing your abdominal muscles

No matter how the feeling of anxiety manifests itself, it exhausts and deprives one of strength; eventually physical health may suffer seriously. It is necessary to find ways to combat the main cause of the disease. Consult a specialist. How to avoid feelings of anxiety?

Obsessive neurosis

Obsessive neurosis is a disorder in which a person feels the need to constantly do something, such as wash their hands, endlessly check whether the lights are off, or replay sad thoughts over and over again. It is based on a persistent state of anxiety. If this type of behavior is disrupting your normal life, seek professional help.

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In stressful situations, the body burns nutrients faster than usual, and if they are not replenished, the nervous system gradually becomes depleted, which causes anxiety. Therefore, it is important to eat a healthy diet rich in complex carbohydrates, such as whole grain bread and brown rice. This diet is believed to have a calming effect.

Note! If you can’t cope with stress on your own, it doesn’t matter. Today there are many How to choose your sedative, read our material.

To maintain a healthy nervous system, be sure to include essential fatty acids (found in, for example, whole grains, nuts, seeds and vegetables), vitamins (especially B vitamins) and minerals in your diet. To achieve stable blood sugar levels, eat small, frequent meals. A harmonious combination of rest, physical activity and entertainment will help you feel physically healthier.

Treating Anxiety

You yourself can do a lot to alleviate your condition.

• Self-knowledge. Reflections on the causes of the pathological condition will serve as the first step to overcoming them. If you have a phobia, such as flying, you may be able to focus your fear on something specific.
• Relaxation. Evolution has programmed our body in such a way that any danger causes a response, expressed in involuntary physiological changes that prepare the body for the “fight or flight” response. By learning techniques for physical and mental relaxation, you can relieve anxiety. There are several ways to achieve this.
• Try exercise or other physical activity that requires effort to ease muscle tension and release nervous energy.
• Do something calm and relaxing.
• Start a group class that teaches relaxation and meditation, or take a relaxation course recorded on audio or video tape.
• Do progressive muscle relaxation exercises twice a day or any time you feel anxious. Try relaxing yoga exercises.
• You can relieve anxiety and improve your well-being by pressing your thumb on the active point located on the back of your hand, where the thumb and index fingers meet. Perform the massage three times for 10 - 15 seconds. Do not touch this point during pregnancy.

Hyperventilation during anxiety

In a state of anxiety and especially during outbreaks of panic fear, breathing quickens and becomes shallow, and the ratio of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body is disturbed. To eliminate overoxygenation, or hyperventilation, sit with your hand on your upper abdomen and inhale and exhale so that your hand rises as you inhale. This helps to breathe slowly and deeply.

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Cognitive therapy. Practicing affirmations will help reprogram your thoughts so that the emphasis falls on the positive aspects of life and personality, rather than the negative ones. Write short phrases that suit your occasion. For example, “I am prepared for this job” if you have an interview with a possible employer. It can be helpful to repeat these phrases out loud or write them out several times. This type of psychological exercise is part of cognitive therapy, aimed at changing natural or instinctive reactions without trying to understand their essence. The doctor can direct your thoughts to search for a positive explanation for the actions of certain people: for example, a friend did not pay attention to you in the store, not because she does not like you, but simply did not see you, thinking about something. Once you understand the essence of such exercises, you will be able to perform them yourself. You will learn to adequately perceive negative influences and replace them with more positive and realistic ones.

Anxiety and nutrition

The amino acid tryptophan has a calming effect on the brain. In the brain it is converted into serotonin, which causes calm. Most protein foods contain tryptophan. In addition, the absorption of this substance improves with the simultaneous consumption of carbohydrates. Good sources of tryptophan include milk and cookies, and turkey or cheese sandwiches.

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Nutrition. A state of anxiety suppresses appetite or increases it. Choose foods rich in B vitamins, vitamin E, calcium and magnesium, as a lack of these nutrients can worsen anxiety. Limit your intake of sugar and white flour products. Avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks. Instead, drink spring water, fruit juices or soothing herbal teas.

Aromatherapy. If you feel physically tense, massage your shoulders with aromatic oils, add them to your bath or inhaler. To prepare massage oil, take two teaspoons of cold-pressed vegetable oil - almond or olive - and add two drops each of geranium, lavender and sandalwood oil and one drop of basil. Avoid the latter during pregnancy. Add a few drops of geranium or lavender oil to your bath water or a bowl of hot water and inhale the steam for 5 minutes.

Phytotherapy. For three weeks, drink three times a day one glass of tea made from verbena, wild oats or ginseng. These herbs have a tonic effect.

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To relieve stress during the day and sleep well at night, add chamomile, intoxicating pepper (kava-kava), linden blossom, valerian, dried hop cones or passionflower to the described mixture of herbal raw materials. Consult your doctor before use.

Flower essences. Flower essences are designed to relieve negative emotions. They can be used individually or in various combinations, depending on the personality type.

For a general state of anxiety, take essences from the flowers of aspen, mirabelle, larch, mimulus, chestnut, sunflower or pedunculate oak four times a day. If you're feeling panicky, take Dr. Buck's Rescue Balm every few minutes.

Other methods. Psychotherapy and cranial osteopathy can help relieve symptoms of anxiety.

When to see a doctor

• Severe feelings of anxiety or attacks of fear.
• See your doctor immediately if
• The state of anxiety is accompanied by depression.
• Insomnia or dizziness.
• You have one of the physical symptoms listed above.

The feeling of anxiety is familiar to every person.

In modern world there are more than enough reasons for concern: stress at work, problems in family relationships, academic failure, health problems.

But it also happens that everything is good in life, but a feeling of anxiety arises for no apparent reason.

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Can anxiety occur for no reason?

According to the World Health Organization, almost every third person in the world throughout his life he faces causeless anxiety states.

At the same time, 5-8% of the world's population was diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. In psychiatry, this disease was isolated separately not so long ago - in 1980.

People suffering from it are characterized by prolonged feelings of anxiety, not related to specific events in life.

At the same time, there is often an inexplicable fear of illness or accident; a person worries about himself and his loved ones, and cannot get rid of bad feelings.

What is unreasonable fear? The psychologist says:

Secret nature

If the reasons are ordinary anxiety are the real problems arising in life, the factors leading to an anxiety disorder are not so obvious.

Psychiatrists have not yet fully studied this disease and cannot give an exact answer as to what exactly provokes its appearance. However, there are certain risk factors:

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Symptoms of causeless anxiety

Unreasonable anxiety manifests itself both psychologically and physiological symptoms.

Among them are the following:

How to distinguish from generalized disorder?

The most important sign to suspect the presence of generalized anxiety disorder is the absence of an objective reason for worry.

When faced with feelings of anxiety, the first thing you need to do is carefully analyze the events of your life, ordinary fear will always have a specific source.

There is a test to determine whether psychological symptoms correspond to a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. Necessary rate on a scale from 0 to 3 points Recent symptoms of the following:

• nervousness, anxiety, mental state “on the verge of a breakdown”;
• inability to get anxiety under control;
• severe anxiety for a variety of reasons;
• difficulty relaxing;
• restlessness;
• irritability or lack of restraint;
• anticipation of negative events.

14 or more points may indicate illness.

In addition, you need to pay attention to your physical condition.

The presence of at least three physiological symptoms suggests that anxiety has gone beyond normal and developed into a mental disorder.

If generalized anxiety disorder is suspected It’s better to seek help from a psychotherapist and undergo a full medical examination.

There are no accurate laboratory tests that reveal mental disorders. Therefore, the doctor will first rule out possible physical diseases that have similar symptoms (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid gland).

A diagnosis will be made only if the state of anxiety has been present for a long time - from six months or longer.

Generalized anxiety disorder - symptoms:

How to treat panic attacks?

For mild anxiety disorder symptoms, treatment may include without the use of drug therapy.

Conversations with a psychologist or psychotherapist will help you cope with causeless fear.

Also good result They show techniques for muscle relaxation, abdominal breathing, and auto-training.

Sudden, uncontrollable attack anxiety is called. In this case, the physiological symptoms are so pronounced that the patient suspects a heart attack or stroke.

When panic attacks recur or when the symptoms of an anxiety disorder become so strong that they prevent a person from leading a normal lifestyle or affect his professional qualities, the use of medications is necessary.

For this disease, psychiatrists prescribe anxiolytics and antidepressants. Benzodiazepine tranquilizers such as Diazepam and Lorazepam are very effective. To prevent the patient from becoming dependent, these drugs are prescribed in short courses.

Among antidepressants in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, the most effective are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (Sertraline, Fluoxetine, Duloxetine, Escitalopram, Pregabalin).

These drugs are prescribed in small dosages, but have a cumulative effect, so treatment takes a long time.

Panic attack. Fear without reason. How to treat:

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Prevention

Modern man is faced with too much stress Therefore, prevention of causeless anxiety is relevant for everyone.

First of all, it is necessary to exclude exposure to psychotropic substances, refrain from alcohol, smoking, and limit coffee consumption.

In general, a healthy lifestyle, light physical activity, and a balanced diet always have a beneficial effect on your mental state. Great for coping with anxiety yoga and meditation.

In case of severe psychological trauma, you should not neglect the services of psychologists. Continuous worry, anxiety, and anticipation of trouble can ruin the life of any person.

In order not to lose the joy of life, you need to be attentive to your inner state, Don't turn a blind eye to physical cues that our body provides. Unreasonable fears have their roots and it is fully possible to cope with them.

It is impossible to live without it. We are talking about an unpleasant and vague state called anxiety or restlessness. Such feelings arise when a person expects something bad: bad news, an unfavorable course of events or the outcome of something. Although many people view anxiety as something negative, it cannot be considered 100% bad or good. In some situations it can even be useful. Which ones exactly? Let's figure it out together.

Anxiety disorder: what is it?

One type of disorder that a person may experience is anxiety disorder. This is a specific psycho-emotional state that has its own symptoms. From time to time, every individual may experience anxiety due to certain circumstances.

The appearance of anxiety is a fairly serious signal, indicating that changes are occurring in the body. Therefore, we can conclude that anxiety and worry are a unique factor in a person’s adaptation to his environment, but only if the anxiety is not excessively expressed and does not cause discomfort to the person.

Why do anxiety disorders occur?

• Stressful situations (anxiety arises as the body’s response to a stimulus).
• Serious somatic diseases (themselves are a cause of concern. The most common of them are bronchial asthma, diseases of the cardiovascular system, brain injuries, disorders of the endocrine system, etc.).
• Taking certain medications and drugs (for example, abruptly stopping the constant use of sedatives can cause groundless worries).
• An increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air (contributes to the aggravation of anxiety and a more painful perception of the pathological condition).
• Individual characteristics of temperament (some people are very susceptible to any changes in the environment and react to changes by being fearful, withdrawn, restless, shy or anxious).

Scientists identify two main theories for the emergence of anxiety pathologies

Biological. He says that any anxiety is the result of biological abnormalities in the body. At the same time, against the background of changes in the body, active production of neurotransmitters occurs.

Anxiety and anxiety disorder (video)

Informational video about the causes, symptoms, types and effective methods of treatment and getting rid of this unpleasant phenomenon.

Alarming symptoms

Some people are fighters who actively resist negative thoughts and obsessive fears. Others live in a state of round-the-clock tension, trying not to notice that obvious pathology causes some discomfort.

Anxious pathologies manifest themselves in life physical or emotional symptoms.

Emotions come first. They show themselves to be immeasurable fear, unjustified anxiety, excessive irritability, inability to concentrate, as well as excessive emotional anxiety.

Additional Information. Often a person can confuse the physical manifestations of an alarming pathology and mistake them for diseases of organs or their systems.

Depression and anxiety: is there a relationship?

Generalized anxiety disorder

Generalized anxiety disorders are characterized by:

• duration (sustainability for six months or more);
• generalization (anxiety manifests itself in anticipation of something bad in everyday life, bad premonitions);
• non-fixation (the feeling of anxiety has no restrictions regarding the events and factors that cause it).

• concerns(feelings that are almost impossible to control, disturbing a person for a long time);
• motor voltage(manifested by muscle spasms, migraines, trembling in the arms and legs, inability to relax for a long time);
• central nervous system hyperactivity(the main manifestations are excessive sweating, dizziness, rapid pulse, dry mouth, etc.);
• gastrointestinal(, increased gas formation, );
• respiratory(difficulty breathing, feeling of tightness in the chest, etc.);
• urogenital(in representatives of the stronger sex it may manifest itself as a lack of erection or decreased libido, in women – menstrual irregularities).

Generalized disorder and sleep

Additional Information. Generalized disorders often lead to fatigue and exhaustion of the body due to prolonged lack of a good, restful night's sleep.

How to recognize a person with generalized disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder: symptoms and treatment (video)

Anxiety-depressive disorder

Another name for disorders of this type, which is more used and well known in society, is neurotic disorders (neuroses). They represent a combination of different symptoms, as well as a lack of awareness of the presence of a psychogenic type of disease.

Additional Information. The risk of developing neurosis during the life of an average person is 20-25%. Only a third of people turn to specialists for qualified help.

Clinical symptoms. Here, first of all, we are talking about sudden mood swings, a constant feeling of obsessive anxiety, decreased concentration, absent-mindedness, reduced ability to perceive and assimilate new information.

Autonomic symptoms. They may manifest themselves as increased sweating, rapid heartbeat, frequent urge to urinate, abdominal cramps, body tremors or chills.

Most of the above symptoms are experienced by many people in a banal stressful situation. To be diagnosed with anxiety-depressive disorder, a combination of at least several symptoms is necessary that torment a person for months.

Who's at risk

• Women. Due to greater emotionality, nervousness and the ability to accumulate and not release nervous tension for a long time. One of the factors that provoke neuroses in women is sudden changes in hormonal levels - during pregnancy, before menstruation, during menopause, during lactation, etc.
• Unemployed. They are more likely to develop anxiety and depressive disorders than employed individuals. For most people, the lack of a permanent job and financial independence is a depressing factor, which quite often leads to the development of harmful habits - alcoholism, smoking and even drug addiction.
• People with a hereditary predisposition to the occurrence of anxiety disorders (children whose parents suffered or suffer from anxiety disorders are at greater risk of developing an unpleasant illness).
• Elderly people(after a person loses a sense of his own social significance - he retires, children start their own family, one of his friends dies, etc., he often develops neurotic-type disorders).
• People suffering from serious physical illnesses.

Panic attacks

Diagnosis of anxiety disorders

Diagnosis problems rarely arise. It is more problematic to determine the specific type of such disorder, since most of them have similar symptoms.

Most often, during an appointment, the psychiatrist conducts special psychological tests. They allow you to clarify the diagnosis and study the essence of the problem in more detail.

If there is a suspicion that the patient has an anxiety disorder, the doctor evaluates the following points:

• the presence or absence of a set of characteristic symptoms;
• duration of anxiety symptoms;
• whether anxiety is a banal reaction to a stressful situation;
• Is there any relationship between symptoms and the presence of diseases of organs and their systems?

Important! In the process of diagnosing anxiety disorders, the need to determine the causes and provoking factors that led to the emergence or worsening of complaints comes first.

Basic treatment methods

Anti-anxiety drug treatment. Prescribed in case of aggravated course of the disease and may include taking:

• antidepressants;
• beta blockers;
• tranquilizers.

Important! Drug therapy has a positive effect only in combination with psychotherapy sessions.

Confrontation. One of the ways to treat increased anxiety. The essence of the method is to create an alarming situation in which a person experiences fear in an environment that is not dangerous for him. The main task of the patient is to take control of the situation and cope with his emotions. Repeated repetition of such a situation and a way out of it instills in a person confidence in his own abilities and reduces the level of anxiety.

Hypnosis. A quick and quite effective way to get rid of annoying anxiety disorder. During hypnosis, the therapist brings the patient face to face with his fears and helps him overcome them.

Physical rehabilitation. A special thirty-minute set of exercises, most of which are borrowed from yoga, helps relieve nervous tension, fatigue, excessive anxiety and improve overall well-being.

In most cases, anxiety disorders do not require medication. Symptoms of the disease recede on their own after a conversation with a professional psychiatrist or psychologist, during which the specialist voices convincing arguments and helps to look differently at one’s own anxiety, worry, fears and the reasons that cause them.

Treatment of anxiety disorders in children

Prevention measures

To cope with daily stress and worry and prevent the development of an anxiety disorder, you should:

• adjust your diet (if you cannot eat regularly and nutritiously, then you should regularly take special vitamin complexes);
• If possible, limit the consumption of coffee, strong tea, and alcohol (these products can cause sleep disturbances and lead to panic attacks);
• do not neglect rest (half an hour of doing what you love, which brings pleasure, will help relieve stress, excessive fatigue and anxiety);
• exclude from the to-do list those that do not provide satisfaction and cause negative emotions;
• do not forget about physical activity (playing sports or banal cleaning the house will help you switch gears and make the body “forget” about the problem);
• try not to get nervous over trifles (reconsider your attitude towards anxiety and the factors that cause it).

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