What does the concept of plan ost mean? Master plan ost

Plan details

Implementation time:

1939 – 1944

Victims: Eastern European and USSR populations (mostly Slavic)

Place: Eastern Europe, occupied territory of the USSR

Character: racial-ethnic

Organizers and implementers: the National Socialist Party of Germany, pro-fascist groups and collaborators in the occupied territories “Plan Ost” was a program of mass ethnic cleansing of the population of Eastern Europe and the USSR as part of a more global Nazi plan to “liberate living space” (i.e.

n. Lebensraum) for the Germans and other “Germanic peoples” at the expense of the territories of the “lower races”, such as the Slavs.

The goal of the plan: Germanization of the lands" in Central and Eastern Europe, provided for the movement of populations in the de facto annexed regions of Western and Southern Europe (Alsace, Lorraine, Lower Styria, Upper Carniola) and from countries that were considered German (Holland, Norway, Denmark ).

Excerpt from the "General Plan Ost" Revision dated June 1942

Part C. Delimitation of settlement territories in the occupied eastern regions and principles of restoration: Penetration of German life in large areas The East confronts the Reich with the urgent need to find new forms of settlement in order to bring the size of the territory into line with the number of existing German persons. In the Ost General Plan of July 15, 1941, the delimitation of new territories was provided as the basis for development for 30 years.

Plan Description

Plan Ost was a plan of the German government of the Third Reich to “liberate living space” for Germans and other “Germanic peoples,” which included mass ethnic cleansing of the population of Eastern Europe.

The plan was developed in 1941 by the Main Directorate of Reich Security and presented on May 28, 1942 by an employee of the Office of the Headquarters of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of the German People, SS Oberführer Meyer-Hetling under the title “General Plan Ost - the foundations of the legal, economic and territorial structure of the East” .

The “Ost Plan” was not preserved in the form of a completed plan. It was extremely secret, apparently existed in a few copies; at the Nuremberg trials, the only evidence of the existence of the plan was “Notes and Suggestions.

Eastern Ministry" according to the general plan "Ost", according to prosecutors, written on April 27, 1942 by an employee of the Ministry of Eastern Territories E. Wetzel after familiarizing himself with the draft plan prepared by the RSHA. Most likely, it was destroyed deliberately.

According to Hitler’s own instructions, officials ordered that only a few copies of the Ost Plan be made for part of the Gauleiters, two ministers, the “Governor General” of Poland and two or three senior SS officials.

The remaining SS Fuhrers of the RSHA had to familiarize themselves with the Ost Plan in the presence of the courier, sign that the document had been read, and return it. But history shows that it was never possible to destroy all traces of crimes on such a scale as those committed by the Nazis. Both in letters and in speeches of Hitler and other SS officers, references to the plan occur more than once.

Two memos have also been preserved, from which it is clear that this plan existed and was discussed. From the notes we learn in some detail the contents of the plan.

According to some reports, the “Ost Plan” was divided into two - “Small Plan” and “Big Plan”.

The small plan was to be carried out during the war. The Big Plan was what the German government wanted to focus on after the war. The plan provided for different percentages of Germanization for the various conquered Slavic and other peoples. The “non-Germanized” were to be deported to Western Siberia. The execution of the plan was to ensure that the conquered territories would acquire an irrevocably German character.

According to the plan, the Slavs living in the countries of Eastern Europe and the European part of the USSR were to be partially Germanized, and partially deported beyond the Urals or destroyed.

It was intended that a small percentage of the local population be left behind to be used as free labor for the German colonists.

According to calculations by Nazi officials, 50 years after the war the number of Germans living in these territories was expected to reach 250 million.

The plan applied to all peoples living in the territories subject to colonization: it also spoke about the peoples of the Baltic states, who were also supposed to be partially assimilated and partially deported (for example, the Latvians were considered more suitable for assimilation, unlike the Lithuanians, among whom, according to the Nazis, there were too many “Slavic impurities”).

As can be assumed from the comments to the plan preserved in some documents, the fate of the Jews living in the territories to be colonized was almost not mentioned in the plan, mainly because at that time the project of the “final solution of the Jewish question” had already been launched, according to which the Jews were subject to total destruction. The plan for the colonization of the eastern territories was, in fact, a development of Hitler’s plans regarding the already occupied territories of the USSR - plans that were especially clearly formulated in his statement of July 16, 1941 and then received further development in his table conversations.

He then announced the settlement of 4 million Germans on the colonized lands within 10 years and at least 10 million Germans and representatives of other “Germanic” peoples within 20 years. Colonization had to be preceded by the construction - by prisoners of war - of large transport highways. German cities were to appear near river ports, and peasant settlements along the rivers.

In the conquered Slavic territories, the policy of genocide was envisaged in its most extreme forms.

Methods for implementing the GPO plan:

1) physical extermination of large masses of people;

2) population reduction through deliberate organization of famine;

3) population decline as a result of an organized decline in the birth rate and the elimination of medical and sanitary services;

4) extermination of the intelligentsia - the bearer and successor of scientific and technical knowledge and skills of the cultural traditions of each people and the reduction of education to the lowest level;

5) disunity, fragmentation of individual peoples into small ethnic groups;

6) resettlement of masses of the population to Siberia, Africa, South America and other regions of the Earth;

7) agrarianization of the captured Slavic territories and deprivation of the Slavic peoples of their own industry.”

The fate of the Slavs and Jews according to Wetzel's comments and suggestions

Wetzel envisioned the expulsion of tens of millions of Slavs beyond the Urals. The Poles, according to Wetzel, “were the most hostile to the Germans, numerically the largest and therefore the most dangerous people.”

German historians believe that the plan included:

Destruction or expulsion of 80-85% of Poles.

Only approximately 3-4 million people were to remain on Polish territory.

· Destruction or expulsion of 50-75% of Czechs (about 3.5 million people). The rest were subject to Germanization.

· Destruction of 50-60% of Russians in the European part of the Soviet Union, another 15-25% were subject to deportation beyond the Urals.

· Destruction of 25% of Ukrainians and Belarusians, another 30-50% of Ukrainians and Belarusians were to be used as labor

According to Wetzel's proposals, the Russian people were to be subjected to measures such as assimilation ("Germanization") and population reduction through a reduction in the birth rate - such actions are defined as genocide.

From A. Hitler’s directive to the Minister for Eastern Affairs A. Rosenberg on the implementation of the General Plan “Ost” (July 23, 1942)

The Slavs must work for us, and if we no longer need them, let them die. Vaccinations and health protection are unnecessary for them. Slavic fertility is undesirable... education is dangerous. It is enough if they can count to one hundred... Every educated person is our future enemy.

All sentimental objections should be abandoned. We must rule this people with iron determination... Military speaking, we must kill three to four million Russians a year.

After the end of the war, of the approximately 40 million dead Slavic peoples (Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, Bosnians, etc.)

etc.), the Soviet Union lost more than 30 million, more than 6 million Poles and over 2 million inhabitants of Yugoslavia died. “Generalplan Ost”, as should be understood, also meant the “Final Solution of the Jewish Question” (German: Endlösung der Judenfrage), according to to which the Jews were subject to total extermination. In the Baltics, Latvians were considered more suitable for "Germanization", but Lithuanians and Latgalians were not, since there were too many "Slavic admixtures" among them.

Although the plan was supposed to be launched at full capacity only after the end of the war, within its framework, nevertheless, about 3 million Soviet prisoners of war were destroyed, the population of Belarus, Ukraine and Poland was systematically exterminated and sent to forced labor. In particular, in Belarus alone the Nazis organized 260 death camps and 170 ghettos.

According to modern data, during the years of German occupation the losses of the civilian population of Belarus amounted to about 2.5 million people, that is, about 25% of the population of the republic.

Almost 1 million Poles and 2 million Ukrainians were - most of them not of their own free will - sent to forced labor in Germany.

Another 2 million Poles from the annexed regions of the country were forcibly Germanized. Residents who were declared “racially undesirable” were subject to resettlement to Western Siberia; Some of them were supposed to be used as auxiliary personnel in the management of the regions of enslaved Russia.

Fortunately, the plan could not be fully realized, otherwise we would not be here anymore.

Rosenberg's predecessor project

The master plan was preceded by a project developed by the Reich Ministry for Occupied Territories, headed by Alfred Rosenberg.

On May 9, 1941, Rosenberg presented the Fuhrer with draft directives on policy issues in the territories that were to be occupied as a result of aggression against the USSR.

Rosenberg proposed creating five governorates on the territory of the USSR. Hitler opposed the autonomy of Ukraine and replaced the term “governorate” with “Reichskommissariat” for it.

As a result, Rosenberg’s ideas took the following forms of implementation.

· The first - Reichskommissariat Ostland - was supposed to include Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Belarus. Ostland, where, according to Rosenberg, a population with Aryan blood lived, was subject to complete Germanization within two generations.

· The second governorate - Reichskommissariat Ukraine - included Eastern Galicia (known in fascist terminology as District Galicia), Crimea, a number of territories along the Don and Volga, as well as the lands of the abolished Soviet Autonomous Republic of Volga Germans.

· The third governorate was called the Reichskommissariat Caucasus, and separated Russia from the Black Sea.

· Fourth - Russia to the Urals.

· The fifth governorate was to become Turkestan.

Briefly the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 with stages

Great Patriotic War began on June 22, 1941 - the day when the Nazi invaders, as well as their allies, invaded the territory of the USSR.

It lasted four years and became the final stage Second World War. In total, about 34,000,000 Soviet soldiers took part in it, more than half of whom died.

Causes of the Great Patriotic War

The main reason for the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War was Adolf Hitler's desire to lead Germany to world domination by capturing other countries and establishing a racially pure state. Therefore, on September 1, 1939, Hitler invaded Poland, then Czechoslovakia, starting World War II and conquering more and more territories.

The successes and victories of Nazi Germany forced Hitler to violate the non-aggression pact concluded on August 23, 1939 between Germany and the USSR. He developed a special operation called “Barbarossa”, which implied the capture of the Soviet Union in a short time. This is how the Great Patriotic War began. It took place in three stages

Stages of the Great Patriotic War

Stage 1: June 22, 1941 - November 18, 1942

The Germans captured Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine, Estonia, Belarus and Moldova.

The troops advanced into the country to capture Leningrad, Rostov-on-Don and Novgorod, but main goal fascists were Moscow. At this time, the USSR suffered great losses, thousands of people were taken prisoner. On September 8, 1941, the military blockade of Leningrad began, which lasted 872 days.

As a result, USSR troops were able to stop the German offensive. Plan Barbarossa failed.

Stage 2: 1942-1943

During this period, the USSR continued to build up its military power, industry and defense grew.

Thanks to incredible efforts Soviet troops the front line was pushed back to the west. The central event of this period was the greatest battle in history, the Battle of Stalingrad (July 17, 1942 - February 2, 1943).

The Germans' goal was to capture Stalingrad, the Great Bend of the Don and the Volgodonsk Isthmus. During the battle, more than 50 armies, corps and divisions of enemies were destroyed, about 2 thousand tanks, 3 thousand aircraft and 70 thousand cars were destroyed, and German aviation was significantly weakened.

The USSR's victory in this battle had a significant impact on the course of further military events.

Stage 3: 1943-1945

From defense, the Red Army gradually goes on the offensive, moving towards Berlin. Several campaigns were carried out aimed at destroying the enemy.

Flares up guerrilla warfare, during which 6,200 partisan detachments are formed, trying to independently fight the enemy. The partisans used all available means, including clubs and boiling water, and set up ambushes and traps. At this time, battles for Right Bank Ukraine and Berlin take place.

The Belarusian, Baltic, and Budapest operations were developed and put into action. As a result, on May 8, 1945, Germany officially recognized defeat.

Thus, the victory of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War was actually the end of the Second World War.

The defeat of the German army put an end to Hitler's desires to gain dominance over the world and to universal slavery. However, victory in the war came at a heavy price. In the struggle for the Motherland, millions of people died, cities, towns and villages were destroyed. All last resort they went to the front, so people lived in poverty and hunger. Every year on May 9, we celebrate the day of the Great Victory over fascism, we are proud of our soldiers for giving life to future generations and ensuring a bright future.

At the same time, the victory was able to consolidate the influence of the USSR on the world stage and turn it into a superpower.

Briefly for children

More details

The Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) is the most terrible and bloody war in the entire USSR. This war was between two powers, the mighty power of the USSR and Germany. In a fierce battle over the course of five years, the USSR still won a worthy victory over its opponent.

Germany, when attacking the union, hoped to quickly capture the entire country, but they did not expect how powerful and rural the Slavic people were. What did this war lead to? First, let's look at a number of reasons, why did it all start?

After the First World War, Germany was greatly weakened, and a severe crisis overwhelmed the country. But at this time, Hitler came to rule and introduced a large number of reforms and changes, thanks to which the country began to prosper and people showed their trust in him.

When he became a ruler, he pursued a policy in which he conveyed to the people that the German nation was the most superior in the world. Hitler was fired up with the idea of getting even for the First world war, for that terrible loss, he had the idea of subjugating the whole world.

He started with the Czech Republic and Poland, which later developed into World War II

We all remember very well from history textbooks that before 1941, an agreement was signed on non-attack by the two countries of Germany and the USSR. But Hitler still attacked.

The Germans developed a plan called Barbarossa. It clearly stated that Germany must capture the USSR in 2 months. He believed that if he had all the strength and power of the country at his disposal, he would be able to enter into a war with the United States with fearlessness.

The war began so quickly, the USSR was not ready, but Hitler did not get what he wanted and expected. Our army put up great resistance; the Germans did not expect to see such a strong opponent in front of them.

And the war dragged on for 5 long years.

Now let's look at the main periods during the entire war.

The initial stage of the war is June 22, 1941 to November 18, 1942. During this time, the Germans captured most of the country, including Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus.

Unfortunately, they captured Leningrad, but what is most surprising is that the people living there did not allow the invaders into the city itself.

There were battles for these cities until the end of 1942.

The end of 1943, the beginning of 1943, was very difficult for the German army and at the same time happy for the Russians. The Soviet army launched a counteroffensive, the Russians began to slowly but surely retake their territory, and the occupiers and their allies slowly retreated to the west.

Some allies were killed on the spot.

Everyone remembers very well how the entire industry of the Soviet Union switched to the production of military supplies, thanks to this they were able to repel their enemies. The army turned from retreating into attacking.

The final. 1943 to 1945. Soviet soldiers gathered all their forces and began to recapture their territory at a rapid pace. All forces were directed towards the occupiers, namely Berlin. At this time, Leningrad was liberated and other previously captured countries were reconquered.

The Russians decisively marched towards Germany.

The last stage (1943-1945). At this time, the USSR began to take back its lands piece by piece and move towards the invaders. Russian soldiers conquered Leningrad and other cities, then they proceeded to the very heart of Germany - Berlin.

On May 8, 1945, the USSR entered Berlin, the Germans announced surrender. Their ruler could not stand it and died on his own.

And now the worst thing about the war. How many people died so that we could now live in the world and enjoy every day.

In fact, history is silent about these terrible figures.

The USSR hid for a long time the number of people. The government hid data from the people. And people understood how many died, how many were captured, and how many people were missing to this day. But after a while, the data still surfaced. According to official sources, up to 10 million soldiers died in this war, and about 3 million more.

were in German captivity. These are scary numbers. And how many children, old people, women died. The Germans mercilessly shot everyone.

It was terrible war, unfortunately, it brought a large number of tears to families, there was devastation in the country for a long time, but slowly the USSR got back on its feet, post-war actions subsided, but did not subside in the hearts of people.

In the hearts of mothers who did not wait for their sons to return from the front. Wives who remained widows with children. But how strong the Slavic people are, even after such a war they rose from their knees.

Then the whole world knew how strong the state was and how strong in spirit the people lived there.

Thanks to the veterans who protected us when they were very young. Unfortunately, on this moment There are only a few of them left, but we will never forget their feat.

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At the end of 2009, the text of Hitler’s “Plan Ost”, a project for the Germanization of Eastern Europe, that is, the mass extermination and resettlement of Russians, Poles, and Ukrainians, was declassified in Germany and made publicly available for the first time. Long considered lost, the text of the plan was found back in the 80s.

But only now anyone can get acquainted with it on the website of the Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture of the Humboldt University of Berlin.

The publication of documents from the state archive was accompanied by an apology. The Council of the Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture at Humboldt University said it regrets that one of the former directors of the institution, SS member Professor Konrad Mayer, contributed so much to the creation of the "General Plan East".

Now this most secret document, which was known only senior managers Reich, available to everyone.

“German weapons conquered the eastern regions, which had been fought over for centuries.

The Reich sees its most important task as quickly as possible to transform them into imperial territories,” the document says.

For a long time the text was considered lost. For the Nuremberg trials, they only got a six-page excerpt from it. The plan was drawn up by the Main Directorate of Imperial Security, and other versions of the plan along with other important documents The Nazis burned it in 1945.

“General Plan East” shows with German thoroughness what would have awaited the USSR if the Germans had won that war. And it becomes clear why the plan was kept strictly secret.

“At the forefront of the front of the German people against Asiaticism are areas of particular importance for the Reich.

To ensure the vital interests of the Reich in these areas, it is necessary to use not only force and organization, it is precisely there that the German population is needed.

In a completely hostile environment, it must become firmly entrenched in these areas,” the text recommends.

Evgeniy Kulkov, senior researcher at the Institute of General History of the Russian Academy of Sciences: “They were going to deport the Lithuanians beyond the Urals and to Siberia, or to exterminate them. It's practically the same thing. 85 percent of Lithuanians, 75 percent of Belarusians, 65 percent of Western Ukrainians, residents of Western Ukraine, 50 percent each from the Baltic states.”

By comparing sources, scientists found that the Nazis wanted to resettle 10 million Germans to the eastern lands, and from there 30 million people to Siberia.

Leningrad from a city of three million was to turn into a German settlement of 200 thousand inhabitants. Millions of people were to die from hunger and disease. Hitler planned to completely destroy Russia by dividing it into many isolated parts.

Based on the instructions of the Reichsführer SS, we should proceed from the settlement primarily of the following areas: Ingria (St. Petersburg region); Gotengau (Crimea and Kherson region, former Tavria), Memelnrav region (Bialystok region and western Lithuania).

The Germanization of this area is already under way by returning the Volksdeutsche.”

It is curious that the lands beyond the Urals seemed to the Nazis to be such a disastrous territory that they were not even considered as a priority. But, fearing that the Poles exiled there would be able to form their own state, the Nazis nevertheless decided to send them to Siberia in small groups.

In this regard, it is calculated not only how many cities will have to be cleared for future colonialists, but also how much it will cost and who will bear the costs.

After the war, the drafter of the document, Konrad Mayer, was acquitted Nuremberg Tribunal and continued to teach at universities in Germany.

By publishing the original of this sinister plan on the Internet, German scientists express the opinion that society has not yet sufficiently repented of the victims of Nazism.

A group of translators from the Essence of Time movement translated the document into Russian and now any citizen of our country can read it.

Behind dry numbers and calculations - the fate of millions of people in the USSR. The very people who were becoming superfluous and had to be eliminated to make room for the German people.

Miroslava Berdnik

On the picture: At the opening of the exhibition “Planning and Building a New Order in the East” on March 20, 1941, Konrad Mayer (right) addressed the leading functionaries of the Reich (from left to right): Hitler’s deputy Rudolf Hess, Heinrich Himmler, Reichsleiter Buhler, Reich Minister Todt and chief Reich Security Directorate Heydrich.

Plan
Introduction
1 Rosenberg Project
2 Description of the plan
3 Wetzel's comments and suggestions
4 Developed variants of the “Ost” plan
4.1 Documents created after the attack on the USSR on June 22, 1941

Bibliography

General plan "Ost" (German) Generalplan Ost) - a secret plan of the German government of the Third Reich to carry out ethnic cleansing in Eastern Europe and its German colonization after the victory over the USSR..

A version of the plan was developed in 1941 by the Main Office of Reich Security and presented on May 28, 1942 by an employee of the Office of the Headquarters of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of the German People, SS Oberführer Konrad Meyer-Hetling under the title “General Plan Ost” - the basis of the legal, economic and territorial structure East".

The text of this document was found in the German Federal Archives in the late 1980s, individual documents from there were presented at an exhibition in 1991, but was completely digitized and published only in November-December 2009.

At the Nuremberg trials, the only evidence of the existence of the plan was the “Remarks and proposals of the “Eastern Ministry” on the “Ost” master plan,” according to prosecutors, written on April 27, 1942 by an employee of the Ministry of Eastern Territories E.

Wetzel after familiarizing himself with the draft plan prepared by RSHA.

1. Rosenberg Project

The master plan was preceded by a project developed by the Reich Ministry for Occupied Territories, headed by Alfred Rosenberg. On May 9, 1941, Rosenberg presented the Fuhrer with draft directives on policy issues in the territories that were to be occupied as a result of aggression against the USSR.

Rosenberg proposed creating five governorates on the territory of the USSR.

Hitler opposed the autonomy of Ukraine and replaced the term “governorate” with “Reichskommissariat” for it. As a result, Rosenberg’s ideas took the following forms of implementation.

Ostland - was supposed to include Belarus, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Ostland, where, according to Rosenberg, a population with Aryan blood lived, was subject to complete Germanization within two generations.
Ukraine - would include the territory of the former Ukrainian SSR, Crimea, a number of territories along the Don and Volga, as well as the lands of the abolished Soviet Autonomous Republic of the Volga Germans.

According to Rosenberg's idea, the governorate was supposed to gain autonomy and become the support of the Third Reich in the East.

Caucasus - would include republics North Caucasus and Transcaucasia and would separate Russia from the Black Sea.
Muscovy - Russia to the Urals.
The fifth governorate was to be Turkestan.

The success of the German campaign in the summer-autumn of 1941 led to a revision and tightening of the German plans for the eastern lands, and as a result, the Ost plan was born.

Plan Description

According to some reports, the “Plan Ost” was divided into two - the “Small Plan” (German. Kleine Planung) and "Big Plan" (German) Große Planung). The small plan was to be carried out during the war. The Big Plan was what the German government wanted to focus on after the war. The plan provided for different percentages of Germanization for the various conquered Slavic and other peoples. The “non-Germanized” were to be deported to Western Siberia or subjected to physical destruction.

The execution of the plan was to ensure that the conquered territories would acquire an irrevocably German character.

3. Wetzel's comments and suggestions

A document known as “Comments and proposals of the “Eastern Ministry” on the “Ost” master plan” has become widespread among historians. The text of this document has often been presented as the Ost Plan itself, although it has little in common with the text of the Plan published at the end of 2009.

Wetzel envisioned the expulsion of tens of millions of Slavs beyond the Urals.

The Poles, according to Wetzel, “were the most hostile to the Germans, numerically the largest and therefore the most dangerous people.”

"Generalplan Ost", as it should be understood, also meant the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question" (German.

Endlösung der Judenfrage), according to which the Jews were subject to total destruction:

The number of people subject to eviction according to the plan should in fact be much higher than envisaged. Only if we take into account that approximately 5-6 million Jews living in this territory will be liquidated even before the eviction is carried out, can we agree with the figure mentioned in the plan of 45 million local residents of non-German origin.

However, it is clear from the plan that the mentioned 45 million people also include Jews. It follows from this, therefore, that the plan is based on a clearly incorrect calculation of the population. From Wetzel's comments and proposals on the Ost master plan

In the Baltics, Latvians were considered more suitable for "Germanization", but Lithuanians and Latgalians were not, since there were too many "Slavic admixtures" among them.

According to Wetzel's proposals, the Russian people were to be subjected to measures such as assimilation ("Germanization") and reduction in numbers through a reduction in the birth rate - such actions are defined as genocide.

From A. Hitler's directive to the Minister of Affairs
eastern territories to A. Rosenberg
on the implementation of the General Plan "Ost"
(23 July 1942)

The Slavs must work for us, and if we no longer need them, let them die.

Vaccinations and health protection are unnecessary for them. Slavic fertility is undesirable... education is dangerous. It is enough if they can count to one hundred...
Every educated person is our future enemy. All sentimental objections should be abandoned.

We must rule this people with iron determination...
Military speaking, we should be killing three to four million Russians a year.

Developed variants of the Ost plan

The following documents were developed by the planning team Gr. lll B planning service of the Main Staff Office of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of the German People Heinrich Himmler (Reichskommissar für die Festigung Deutschen Volkstums (RKFDV) and the Institute of Agrarian Policy of the Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin:

Document 1: “Planning Fundamentals” was created in February 1940 by the RKFDV planning service (volume: 21 pages).

About 100,000 settlement farms of 29 hectares each were to be created on this territory. It was planned to resettle about 4.3 million Germans into this territory; of which 3.15 million are in rural areas and 1.15 million in cities.

At the same time, 560,000 Jews (100% of the population of the region of this nationality) and 3.4 million Poles (44% of the population of the region of this nationality) were to be gradually eliminated. The costs of implementing these plans have not been estimated.

Document 2: Materials for the report “Colonization”, developed in December 1940 by the RKFDV planning service (volume 5 pages).

Document 3 (missing, exact contents unknown): “General Plan Ost”, created in July 1941 by the RKFDV planning service. Contents: Description of the extent of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR with the boundaries of specific areas of colonization.
Document 4 (missing, exact contents unknown): “ Overall plan Ost", created in December 1941 by the planning group Gr.

lll B RSHA. Contents: Description of the scale of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR and the General Government with specific boundaries of individual areas of settlement.

Document 5: “General Plan Ost”, created in May 1942 by the Institute of Agriculture and Politics of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Berlin (volume 68 pages).

The colonization area was supposed to cover 364,231 km², including 36 strong points and three administrative districts in the Leningrad region, the Kherson-Crimean region and in the Bialystok region. At the same time, settlement farms with an area of 40-100 hectares, as well as large agricultural enterprises with an area of at least 250 hectares, should have appeared. The required number of resettlers was estimated at 5.65 million. The areas planned for settlement were to be cleared of approximately 25 million people. The cost of implementing the plan was estimated at 66.6 billion Reichsmarks.

Document 6: “Master Plan for Colonization” (German)

Generalsiedlungsplan), created in September 1942 by the RKF planning service (volume: 200 pages, including 25 maps and tables).

The region was supposed to cover an area of 330,000 km² with 360,100 rural households. The required number of migrants was estimated at 12.21 million people (of which 2.859 million were peasants and those employed in forestry). The area planned for settlement was to be cleared of approximately 30.8 million people.

The cost of implementing the plan was estimated at 144 billion Reichsmarks.

Bibliography:

1. DIETRICH EICHHOLTZ “Generalplan Ost zur Versklavung osteuropäischer Völker”

2. Olga SOROKINA. Ethnic groups in the occupied territory of the USSR during the Second World War

Zitat aus dem universitären Generalplan Ost vom Mai 1942 in einem Berliner Ausstellungskatalog 1991 bei falscher Quellen- und Datenangabe hier

4. Generalplan Ost Rechtliche, wirtschaftliche und räumliche Grundlagen des Ostaufbaus, Vorgelegt von SS-Oberführer Professor Dr. XX, Berlin-Dahlem, 28 May 1942

I understand that the text is large and you will probably be too lazy to read it, but I have a huge request to you: please read it. Take ten minutes of your time. Dot all the i’s once and for all.

I give all fa and antifa the opportunity to learn first-hand about the long-term plans of Hitler’s National Socialism, about the future they have prepared for our people. I am sure that after reading these documents, you will be able to fully appreciate not only the military valor of your fathers and grandfathers, but also the significance of their victory for the fate of the Motherland. Its transformation into a breeding ground for the Reich, the displacement of the indigenous population in favor of German settlers, the forced reduction in the number of Slavic and other peoples of the USSR, the liquidation of their culture and statehood - this is what we managed to avoid then.

Hitler's policy of genocide was most clearly embodied in the General Plan Ost, which was developed by the main imperial security department under the leadership of Himmler together with the Eastern Ministry of Rosenberg. To this day, the original Ost plan has not been discovered. However, after the defeat of Nazi Germany, a very valuable document was found and made available to the Nuremberg military tribunal, which allows one to get an idea of this plan and, in general, of the policy of German imperialism towards the peoples of Eastern Europe. We are talking about “Comments and proposals on the General Plan “Ost” of the Reichsführer of the SS Troops.” This document was signed on April 27, 1942 by E. Wetzel, head of the colonization department of the 1st Main Political Directorate of the “Eastern Ministry”.

1/214, national importance
Top secret! Of national importance!
Berlin, 27.4.1942.

Comments and suggestions on the General Plan "Ost" of the Reichsfuhrer-SS

“Back in November 1941, I learned that the Main Directorate of Reich Security was working on the master plan “Ost.” The responsible employee of the Main Directorate of Reich Security, Standartenführer Elich, already then told me the figure provided for in the plan of 31 million people of non-German origin who were to be resettled This matter is in charge of the Reich Security Main Directorate, which now occupies a leading position among the bodies subordinate to the Reichsfuehrer SS. Moreover, the Reich Security Main Directorate, in the opinion of all departments subordinate to the Reichsfuehrer SS, will also perform the functions of the Reich Commissariat for the Strengthening of the German Race .

General comments on the Ost master plan

In terms of its ultimate goal, namely the planned Germanization of the territories in question in the East, the plan should be approved. However, the enormous difficulties that will undoubtedly arise in the implementation of this plan and may even raise doubts about its feasibility, appear in the plan to be comparatively small. First of all, it is striking that Ingria [by this name the Nazis meant the territory of the Novgorod, Pskov and Leningrad regions], the Dnieper region, Tavria and Crimea dropped out of the plan [back in July 1941, Hitler gave the order to evict all residents from Crimea and turn it into “German Riviera”, a project was even developed to resettle the population of South Tyrol to Crimea] as a territory for colonization. This is obviously explained by the fact that in the future the plan will additionally include new colonization projects, which will be discussed at the end.

At present, it is already possible to more or less definitely establish the quality eastern border colonization (in its northern and middle parts) a line running from Lake Ladoga to the Valdai Hills and further to Bryansk. Whether these changes will be made to the plan by the command of the SS troops, I cannot judge.

In any case, it must be provided that the number of people subject to resettlement according to the plan should be even more increased.

From the plan it can be understood that this is not a program to be implemented immediately, but that, on the contrary, the settlement of this area by Germans should take place within about 30 years after the end of the war. According to the plan, 14 million local residents should remain in this territory. However, whether they will lose their national features and undergo Germanization within the prescribed 30 years is more than doubtful, since, again, according to the plan under consideration, the number of German settlers is very small. Obviously, the plan does not take into account the desire of the State Commissioner for Strengthening the German Race (Greifelt's department) to settle persons suitable for Germanization within the German Empire proper...

The fundamental question of the entire plan for the colonization of the East becomes the question of whether we will be able to once again awaken in the German people the desire to move to the East. As far as I can judge from my experience, such a desire is undoubtedly present in most cases. However, we must also not lose sight of the fact that, on the other hand, a significant part of the population, especially from the western part of the empire, sharply rejects resettlement to the east, even to the Wart region, to the Danzig region and to West Prussia [this fact, by the way, suggests that there was nothing in common between the misanthropic plans of the fascist clique in Germany and the interests of the German people. The Nazis feared that after the resettlement of the peoples of Poland, the Baltic states, Western Ukraine and Western Belarus and the disappearance of their invented problem of “a people without living space” (Volk ohne Raum), a new problem would arise before them - “living space without a people” (Raum ohne Volk)] .. It is necessary, in my opinion, that the relevant authorities, especially the eastern ministry, constantly monitor the trends expressed in the reluctance to move to the east, and fight them with the help of propaganda.

Along with encouraging the desire to move to the east, decisive moments also include the need to awaken in the German people, especially among the German colonists in the eastern territories, a desire for increased childbearing. We must not be deceived: the increase in the birth rate observed since 1933 was in itself a gratifying phenomenon, but it cannot in any way be considered sufficient for the existence of the German people, especially taking into account its enormous task of colonizing the eastern territories and the incredible the biological ability to reproduce of our neighboring eastern peoples.

The Ost master plan provides that after the end of the war, the number of settlers for the immediate colonization of the eastern territories should be... 4550 thousand people. This number does not seem too large to me, given the colonization period of 30 years. It is quite possible that it could be more. After all, it must be borne in mind that these 4,550 thousand Germans should be distributed in such territories as the Danzig-West Prussia region, the Wart region, Upper Silesia, the General Government of South-East Prussia, the Bialystok region, the Baltic states, Ingria, Belarus, partially also regions of Ukraine... If we take into account the favorable increase in population through an increase in the birth rate, as well as to a certain extent the influx of immigrants from other countries inhabited by Germanic peoples, then we can count on 8 million Germans to colonize these territories over a period of about 30 years . However, this does not achieve the figure of 10 million Germans envisaged in the plan. According to the plan, these 8 million Germans account for 45 million local residents of NON-German origin, of which 31 million should be evicted from these territories.

If we analyze the previously planned figure of 45 million inhabitants of non-German origin, it turns out that the local population of the territories in question will itself exceed the number of immigrants. On the territory of former Poland there are supposedly about 36 million people [this obviously includes the population of Western Belarus and Western Ukraine]. From them approximately 1 million local Germans (Volksdeutsche) must be excluded. Then there will be 35 million people left. The Baltic countries have a population of 5.5 million people. Obviously, the Ost master plan also takes into account the former Soviet Zhitomir, Kamenets-Podolsk and partly Vinnytsia regions as territories for colonization. The population of the Zhytomyr and Kamenets-Podolsk regions is approximately 3.6 million people, and the Vinnytsia region is about 2 million people, since a significant part of it falls within the sphere of interests of Romania. Consequently, the total population living here is approximately 5.5-5.6 million people. Thus, the total population of the regions under consideration is 51 million. The number of people subject to eviction, according to the plan, should in reality be much higher than envisaged. Only if we take into account that approximately 5-6 million Jews living in this territory will be liquidated even before the eviction is carried out, can we agree with the figure mentioned in the plan of 45 million local residents of non-German origin. However, it is clear from the plan that the mentioned 45 million people also include Jews. It follows from this, therefore, that the plan is based on a clearly incorrect estimate of the population.

In addition, it seems to me that the plan does not take into account that the local population of non-German origin will multiply very quickly over a period of 30 years... Taking all this into account, we must assume that the number of residents of non-German origin in these territories will significantly exceed 51 million . Human. It will amount to 60-65 million people.

This suggests that the number of people who must either remain in these territories or be evicted is significantly higher than provided for in the plan. Accordingly, even more difficulties will arise in executing the plan. If we take into account that 14 million local residents will remain in the territories under consideration, as the plan envisages, then 46-51 million people need to be evicted. The number of residents to be resettled, set by the plan at 31 million people, cannot be considered correct. Further comments on the plan. The plan calls for the resettlement of racially undesirable local residents to Western Siberia. At the same time, percentage figures are given for individual peoples, and thereby the fate of these peoples is decided, although there is still no accurate data on their racial composition. Further, the same approach is established for all peoples, without taking into account whether and to what extent the Germanization of the corresponding peoples is envisaged, whether this concerns peoples friendly or hostile to the Germans.

General remarks on the issue of Germanization, especially on future treatment of residents of the former Baltic states

In principle, the first thing to note here is the following. It goes without saying that the policy of Germanization is applicable only to those peoples whom we consider racially complete. Racially full-fledged, in comparison with our people, can be considered mainly only those local residents of non-German origin who themselves, like their offspring, have pronounced characteristics Nordic race manifested in appearance, behavior and abilities...

In my opinion, it is possible to win over suitable local residents in the Baltic countries for Germanization if the forced eviction of the unwanted population is carried out under the guise of more or less voluntary resettlement. In practice this could easily be done. In the vast areas of the East not intended for colonization by the Germans, we will need big number people who were brought up to some extent in the European spirit and acquired at least the basic concepts of European culture. These data are largely available to Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians...

We should constantly proceed from the fact that, while managing all the vast territories within the sphere of interests of the German Empire, we must save the forces of the German people as much as possible... Then events unpleasant for the Russian population will be carried out, for example, not by a German, but by a German used for this purpose. administration Latvian or Lithuanian, which, if this principle is skillfully implemented, will undoubtedly have positive consequences for us. There is hardly any need to fear the Russification of Latvians or Lithuanians, especially since their number is not so small and they will occupy positions that place them above the Russians. Representatives of this stratum of the population should also be instilled with the feeling and creation that they represent something special in comparison with Russians. Maybe, later danger on the part of this stratum of the population, associated with its desire to become Germanized, will be greater than the danger of its Russification. Regardless of the more or less voluntary relocation of racially undesirable residents from the former Baltic states to the East proposed here, the possibility of their relocation to other countries should also be allowed. As for the Lithuanians, whose general racial characteristics are much worse than those of the Estonians and Latvians, and among whom there is therefore a very significant number of racially undesirable people, one should think about providing them with territory suitable for colonization in the East...

Towards a solution to the Polish question

a) Poles.

Their number is estimated to be 20-24 million people. Of all the peoples to be resettled according to the plan, the Poles are the most hostile to the Germans, the largest in number and therefore the most dangerous people.

The plan provides for the eviction of 80-85 percent of the Poles, i.e., out of 20 or 24 million Poles, 16-20.4 million will be deported, while 3-4.8 million will have to remain in the territory inhabited by German colonists . These figures proposed by the Main Directorate of Reich Security differ from the data of the Reich Commissioner for Strengthening the German Race on the number of racially full-fledged Poles suitable for Germanization. Reich Commissioner for the Strengthening of the German Race based on the records made rural population The regions of Danzig-West Prussia and Wart estimate the proportion of inhabitants suitable for Germanization at 3 percent. If we take this percentage as a basis, then the number of Poles subject to eviction should be even more than 19-23 million...

The Eastern Ministry is now taking a special interest in the question of the placement of racially undesirable Poles. The forced resettlement of about 20 million Poles to a certain region of Western Siberia will undoubtedly cause constant danger to the entire territory of Siberia and will create a hotbed of continuous revolts against the order established by the German authorities. Such a settlement of the Poles might have made sense as a counterweight to the Russians, if the latter had regained state independence and German control of this territory would therefore have become illusory. To this we must add that we must also strive to strengthen the Siberian peoples in every possible way in order to prevent the strengthening of the Russians. Siberians should feel like a people with their own culture. A compact settlement of several million Poles could probably have the following consequences: either over time the smaller Siberians will take up arms and a “Greater Poland” will arise, or we will make the Siberians our worst enemies, push them into the arms of the Russians and thereby prevent the formation of the Siberian people.

These are the political considerations that arise when reading the plan. They may be overly focused on, but in any case they deserve consideration.

I can agree that much more than 20 million people will be able to settle on the vast expanses of the Western Siberian steppe with its black soil regions, provided that systematic settlement is carried out. Certain difficulties may arise in the practical implementation of such a mass resettlement. If, according to the plan, a period of 30 years is provided for resettlement, then the number of resettlers will be about 700-800 thousand annually. To transport this mass of people, 700-800 trains will be required annually, and several hundred more to transport property and, possibly, livestock compositions. This means that transporting Poles alone will require 100-120 trains annually. In relatively peacetime, this can be considered technically feasible.

It is absolutely clear that the Polish question cannot be solved by liquidating the Poles, as is done with the Jews. Such a solution to the Polish question would forever burden the conscience of the German people and would deprive us of the sympathy of everyone, especially since others neighboring us. the nations would begin to fear that one day they would suffer the same fate. In my opinion, the Polish question must be resolved in such a way as to minimize the political complications I mentioned above. Back in March 1941, I expressed in a memorandum the view that the Polish question could be partially resolved through a more or less voluntary resettlement of Poles overseas. As I later learned, the Foreign Office was not without interest in the idea of a possible partial solution to the Polish question through the resettlement of Poles in South America, especially Brazil. In my opinion, it is necessary to ensure that after the end of the war, cultural, and partly other sections of the Polish people, unsuitable for Germanization for racial or political reasons, emigrate to South America, as well as to North and Central America... Relocate millions of the most dangerous For us Poles, going to South America, especially Brazil, is quite possible. At the same time, it would be possible to try, through an exchange, to return South American Germans, especially from Southern Brazil, and settle them in new colonies, for example, in Tavria, Crimea, and also in the Dnieper region, since now there is no talk of settling the African colonies of the empire...

The vast majority of racially undesirable Poles should be resettled in the East. This mainly applies to peasants, agricultural workers, artisans, etc. They can be easily resettled on the territory of Siberia...

When the Kuznetsk, Novosibirsk and Karaganda industrial regions begin to operate at full capacity, a huge amount of labor will be required, especially technical workers [the ruling circles of Nazi Germany had no intention of developing industry in Eastern Europe after its occupation. They wanted to use it only temporarily in order to continue the fight against England and the United States. After the final victory in the war, the Nazis intended to turn all of Eastern Europe into a raw materials and agricultural appendage of the third empire. They planned to destroy or transport most of the industrial enterprises of the Soviet Union to the West]. Why shouldn't Walloon engineers, Czech technicians, Hungarian businessmen and the like work in Siberia? In this case, one could rightfully talk about a reserve European territory for colonization and extraction of raw materials. Here the European idea would make sense in all respects, while in the territory intended for German colonization it would be dangerous for us, since in this case it would mean our acceptance by the logic of things of the idea of \u200b\u200bthe racial mixing of the peoples of Europe. It should always be borne in mind that Siberia to the lake. Baikal has always been a territory for European colonization. The Mongols inhabiting these areas, like the Turkic peoples, appeared here in the recent historical period. It must be emphasized once again that Siberia is one of the factors that, if used correctly, could play a decisive role in depriving the Russian people of the opportunity to restore their power.

b) On the question of Ukrainians.

According to the plan of the Main Directorate of Imperial Security, Western Ukrainians should also be resettled in Siberia. This provides for the resettlement of 65 percent of the population. This figure is significantly lower than the percentage of the Polish population subject to eviction...

c) On the issue of Belarusians.

According to the plan, it is planned to evict 75 percent of the Belarusian population from the territory they occupy. This means that 25 percent of Belarusians, according to the plan of the Main Directorate of Imperial Security, are subject to Germanization...
The racially undesirable Belarusian population will remain on the territory of Belarus for many years to come. In this regard, it seems extremely necessary to select, as carefully as possible, Belarusians of the Nordic type, suitable for racial and political reasons for Germanization, and send them to the empire for the purpose of using them as labor... They could be used in agriculture as agricultural workers, as well as in industry or as artisans. Since they would be treated as Germans and due to their lack of national feeling, they could soon, at least in the next generation, be completely Germanized.

The next question is the question of a place for the resettlement of Belarusians who are racially unsuitable for Germanization. According to the master plan, they should also be resettled in Western Siberia. We should proceed from the fact that the Belarusians are the most harmless and therefore the safest people for us among all the peoples of the eastern regions [the Nazis included Belarus as a general commissariat in the imperial commissariat “Ostland”, the administrative center of which was in Riga. V. Kube was appointed Commissioner General of Belarus. From the first days of the occupation, the Belarusian people launched a broad partisan struggle against the invaders. It turned out to be not as “harmless” for the occupiers as portrayed in this document. Suffice it to say that by the end of 1943, the partisans held and controlled 60 percent of the territory of Belarus. On January 1, 1944, there were 862 operating in Belarus partisan detachment. On the night of September 21-22, 1943, the partisans destroyed the executioner of the Belarusian people, V. Kube, using a time bomb]. Even those Belarusians whom we cannot, for racial reasons, leave on the territory intended for colonization by our people, we can use to our advantage to a greater extent than representatives of other peoples of the eastern regions. The land of Belarus is scarce. Offering them the best lands means reconciling them with some things that could turn them against us. To this, by the way, it should be added that the Russian and especially the Belarusian population itself is inclined to change their homes, so that resettlement in these areas would not be perceived by the residents as tragically as, for example, in the Baltic countries. One should also think about resettling Belarusians to the Urals or to the regions of the North Caucasus, which in part could also serve as reserve territories for European colonization...

ON THE ISSUE OF TREATMENT OF THE RUSSIAN POPULATION

It is necessary to touch upon one more question, which is not mentioned at all in the Ost general plan, but is of great importance for solving the entire eastern problem, namely, how can German dominance be maintained and whether it is possible to maintain it for a long time in the face of a huge biological the strength of the Russian people. Therefore, it is necessary to briefly consider the issue of attitude towards the Russians, about which almost nothing is said in the general plan.

Now we can say with confidence that our previous anthropological information about the Russians, not to mention the fact that it was very incomplete and outdated, is largely incorrect. This was already noted in the fall of 1941 by representatives of the racial policy department and famous German scientists. This point of view was once again confirmed by Professor Dr. Abel, former first assistant to Professor E. Fischer, who in the winter of this year, on behalf of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces, conducted detailed anthropological studies of Russians...

Abel saw only the following possibilities for solving the problem: either the COMPLETE DESTRUCTION of the Russian people, or the Germanization of that part of it that has obvious signs Nordic race. These very serious provisions of Abel deserve great attention. This is not only about the defeat of the state centered in Moscow. Achieving this historic goal would never mean a complete solution to the problem. The point is most likely to defeat the Russians as a people, to divide them. Only if this problem is considered from a biological, especially from a racial-biological, point of view, and if German policy in the eastern regions is carried out in accordance with this, will it be possible to eliminate the danger that the Russian people poses to us.

The path proposed by Abel to eliminate the Russians as a people, not to mention the fact that its implementation would hardly be possible, is also not suitable for us for political and economic reasons. In this case, you need to take different paths to solve the Russian problem. These ways are briefly as follows.

A) First of all, it is necessary to provide for the division of the territory inhabited by Russians into various political regions with their own governing bodies in order to ensure separate national development in each of them...

You can leave it for now open question about whether an imperial commissariat should be established in the Urals or whether separate district administrations should be created here for the non-Russian population living in this territory without a special local central government body. However, the decisive factor here is that these areas are not administratively subordinate to the German supreme authorities that will be created in the Russian central regions. The peoples inhabiting these areas must be taught that under no circumstances should they be oriented towards Moscow, even if a German imperial commissar sits in Moscow...

Both in the Urals and in the Caucasus there are many different nationalities and languages. It will be impossible, and perhaps politically incorrect, to make Tatar or Mordovian the main language in the Urals, and, say, Georgian in the Caucasus. This could irritate other peoples in these areas. Therefore, it is worth thinking about introducing the German language as a language connecting all these peoples... Thus, German influence in the East would increase significantly. You should also think about separating Northern Russia administratively from the territories under the control of the Imperial Commissariat for Russian Affairs [obviously, the “Moscow Imperial Commissariat” is meant]... The idea of transforming this area in the future into a Great German colonial region should not be rejected, since its population is still exhibits to a large extent the characteristics of the Nordic race. In general, in the remaining central regions of Russia, the policy of individual general commissariats should be aimed, if possible, at the separation and separate development of these regions.

A Russian from the Gorky General Commissariat should be instilled with the feeling that he is somehow different from a Russian from the Tula General Commissariat. There is no doubt that such administrative fragmentation of Russian territory and the systematic isolation of individual regions will be one of the means of combating the strengthening of the Russian people [ In this regard, it is appropriate to mention the following statement by Hitler: “Our policy regarding the peoples inhabiting the vast expanses of Russia must be to encourage every form of discord and division.”(N. Picker. Hitlers Tischgesprache im Fuhrerhauptquartier. Bonn, 1951, S. 72)].

B) The second means, even more effective than the measures indicated in paragraph “A,” is the weakening of the Russian people racially. The Germanization of all Russians is impossible and undesirable for us from a racial point of view. What, however, can and should be done is to separate the Nordic population groups existing among the Russian people and carry out their gradual Germanization...

It is important that on Russian territory the majority of the population consists of people of the primitive semi-European type. It will not cause much trouble for the German leadership. This mass of racially inferior stupid people needs, as evidenced by the centuries-old history of these areas, leadership. If the German leadership manages to prevent rapprochement with the Russian population and prevent the influence of German blood on the Russian people through extramarital affairs, then it is quite possible to maintain German dominance in this area, provided that we can overcome such a biological danger as the monstrous ability of these primitive people to reproduce .

C) There are many ways to undermine the biological strength of the people... The goal of German policy towards the population on Russian territory will be to bring the birth rate of Russians to a lower level than that of the Germans. The same applies, by the way, to the extremely fertile peoples of the Caucasus, and in the future, partially to Ukraine. For now, we are interested in increasing the size of the Ukrainian population as opposed to the Russians. But this should not lead to Ukrainians taking the place of Russians over time.

In order to avoid an increase in population that is undesirable for us in the eastern regions, it is urgently necessary to avoid in the East all the measures that we used to increase the birth rate in the empire. In these areas we must consciously pursue population reduction policies. By means of propaganda, especially through the press, radio, cinema, leaflets, short brochures, reports, etc., we must constantly instill in the population the idea that it is harmful to have many children.

It is necessary to show how much money it costs to raise children and what could be purchased with these funds. It is necessary to talk about the great danger to a woman’s health that she is exposed to when giving birth to children, etc. Along with this, the broadest propaganda should be launched contraception. It is necessary to establish widespread production of these products. The distribution of these drugs and abortions should not be restricted in any way. Every effort should be made to expand the network of abortion clinics. It is possible, for example, to organize special retraining for midwives and paramedics and train them to perform abortions. The better quality abortions are performed, the more confidence the population will have in them. It is clear that doctors must also be authorized to perform abortions. And this should not be considered a violation of medical ethics.

Should also be promoted voluntary sterilization, do not allow the struggle to reduce infant mortality, do not allow training of mothers in the care of infants and preventive measures against childhood diseases. The training of Russian doctors in these specialties should be reduced to a minimum, and no support should be provided to kindergartens and other similar institutions. Along with these measures in the field of health, no obstacles should be created to divorce. Help should not be provided to illegitimate children. We should not allow any tax privileges for people with many children, or provide them with financial assistance in the form of salary supplements...

It is important for us Germans to weaken the Russian people to such an extent that they will no longer be able to prevent us from establishing German domination in Europe. We can achieve this goal in the above ways...

D) On the question of the Czechs. According to current views, most of Czechs, since they do not raise racial concerns, are subject to Germanization. About 50 percent of the entire Czech population is subject to Germanization. Based on this figure, there will still be 3.5 million Czechs left who are not intended for Germanization, who must be gradually removed from the territory of the empire...

One should think about resettling these Czechs to Siberia, where they will dissolve among the Siberians and thereby contribute to the further alienation of the Siberians from the Russian people...

The problems discussed above are enormous in scope. But it would be very dangerous to refuse to solve them, declaring them impracticable or fantastic. Future German policy towards the East will show whether we are truly determined to provide a solid basis for the continued existence of a third empire. If the third empire is to last for thousands of years, then our plans must last for generations. This means that the racial-biological idea must have a decisive role in future German politics. Only then will we be able to secure the future of our people.

Dr. Wetzel"

"Vierteljahreshefte fur Zeitgeschichie", 1958, No. 3.

Master plan "Ost"(German) Generalplan Ost) - a secret plan of the German government of the Third Reich to carry out ethnic cleansing in Eastern Europe and its German colonization after the victory over the USSR.

A version of the plan was developed in 1941 by the Main Directorate of Reich Security and presented on May 28, 1942 by an employee of the Office of the Headquarters of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of the German People, SS Oberführer Meyer-Hetling under the title “General Plan Ost - the foundations of the legal, economic and territorial structure of the East.” The text of this document was found in the German Federal Archives in the late 1980s, some documents from there were presented at an exhibition in 1991, but was completely digitized and published only in November-December 2009.

At the Nuremberg trials, the only evidence of the existence of the plan was the “Comments and proposals of the “Eastern Ministry” on the Ost master plan,” according to prosecutors, written on April 27, 1942 by an employee of the Ministry of the Eastern Territories E. Wetzel after familiarizing himself with the draft plan prepared by the RSHA.

Rosenberg Project

Rosenberg proposed creating five governorates on the territory of the USSR. Hitler opposed the autonomy of Ukraine and replaced the term “governorate” with “Reichskommissariat” for it. As a result, Rosenberg’s ideas took the following forms of implementation.

Ostland - was supposed to include Belarus, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Ostland, where, according to Rosenberg, a population with Aryan blood lived, was subject to complete Germanization within two generations.
Ukraine - would include the territory of the former Ukrainian SSR, Crimea, a number of territories along the Don and Volga, as well as the lands of the abolished Soviet Autonomous Republic of the Volga Germans. According to Rosenberg's idea, the governorate was supposed to gain autonomy and become the support of the Third Reich in the East.
Caucasus - would include the republics of the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia and would separate Russia from the Black Sea.
Muscovy - Russia to the Urals.
The fifth governorate was to be Turkestan.

The success of the German campaign in the summer-autumn of 1941 led to a revision and tightening of the German plans for the eastern lands, and as a result, the Ost plan was born.

Plan Description

Wetzel's comments and suggestions

A document known as “Comments and proposals of the “Eastern Ministry” on the “Ost” master plan” has become widespread among historians. The text of this document has often been presented as Plan Ost itself, although it has little in common with the text of the Plan published at the end of 2009.

"Generalplan Ost", as it should be understood, also meant the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question" (German. Endlösung der Judenfrage), according to which the Jews were subject to total destruction:

In the Baltics, Latvians were considered more suitable for "Germanization", but Lithuanians and Latgalians were not, since there were too many "Slavic admixtures" among them. According to Wetzel's proposals, the Russian people were to be subjected to measures such as assimilation (“Germanization”) and population reduction through a reduction in the birth rate - such actions are defined as genocide.

Developed variants of the Ost plan

Document 1: “Planning Fundamentals” was created in February 1940 by the RKFDV planning service (volume: 21 pages). Contents: Description of the extent of the planned eastern colonization in West Prussia and Wartheland. The colonization area was to be 87,600 km², of which 59,000 km² was agricultural land. About 100,000 settlement farms of 29 hectares each were to be created on this territory. It was planned to resettle about 4.3 million Germans into this territory; of which 3.15 million are in rural areas and 1.15 million in cities. At the same time, 560,000 Jews (100% of the population of the region of this nationality) and 3.4 million Poles (44% of the population of the region of this nationality) were to be gradually eliminated. The costs of implementing these plans have not been estimated.

Document 2: Materials for the report “Colonization”, developed in December 1940 by the RKFDV planning service (volume 5 pages). Contents: Fundamental article to the “Requirement of territories for forced resettlement from the Old Reich” with a specific requirement for 130,000 km² of land for 480,000 new viable settlement farms of 25 hectares each, as well as in addition 40% of the territory for forest, for the needs of the army and reserve areas in Wartheland and Poland.

Documents created after the attack on the USSR on June 22, 1941

Document 3 (missing, exact contents unknown): “General Plan Ost”, created in July 1941 by the RKFDV planning service. Contents: Description of the extent of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR with the boundaries of specific areas of colonization.

Document 4 (missing, exact contents unknown): "General Plan Ost", created in December 1941 by the planning group Gr. lll B RSHA. Contents: Description of the scale of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR and the General Government with specific boundaries of individual areas of settlement.

Document 5: “General Plan Ost”, created in May 1942 by the Institute of Agriculture and Politics of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Berlin (volume 68 pages).

Contents: Description of the scale of the planned eastern colonization in the USSR with specific boundaries of individual areas of settlement. The colonization area was supposed to cover 364,231 km², including 36 strong points and three administrative districts in the Leningrad region, the Kherson-Crimean region and in the Bialystok region. At the same time, settlement farms with an area of 40-100 hectares, as well as large agricultural enterprises with an area of at least 250 hectares, should have appeared. The required number of resettlers was estimated at 5.65 million. The areas planned for settlement were to be cleared of approximately 25 million people. The cost of implementing the plan was estimated at 66.6 billion Reichsmarks.

Document 6: “Master Plan for Colonization” (German) Generalsiedlungsplan), created in September 1942 by the RKF planning service (volume: 200 pages, including 25 maps and tables).

Contents: Description of the scale of the planned colonization of all areas envisaged for this with specific boundaries of individual settlement areas. The region was supposed to cover an area of 330,000 km² with 360,100 rural households. The required number of migrants was estimated at 12.21 million people (of which 2.859 million were peasants and those employed in forestry). The area planned for settlement was to be cleared of approximately 30.8 million people. The cost of implementing the plan was estimated at 144 billion Reichsmarks.

Maxim Khrustalev

Master plan "Ost"

“We must kill from 3 to 4 million Russians a year...”

From A. Hitler’s directive to A. Rosenberg on the implementation of the Ost General Plan (July 23, 1942):

“The Slavs must work for us, and if we no longer need them, let them die. Vaccinations and health protection are unnecessary for them. Slavic fertility is undesirable... education is dangerous. It is enough if they can count to one hundred... Every educated person is our future enemy. All sentimental objections should be abandoned. We must rule this people with iron determination... Military speaking, we must kill three to four million Russians a year.”

Many have probably heard about the “General Plan Ost”, according to which the Nazis were going to “develop” the lands they had conquered in the East. However, this document was kept secret by the top leadership of the Third Reich, and many of its components and applications were destroyed at the end of the war. And only now, in December 2009, this ominous document was finally published. Only a six-page excerpt from this plan appeared at the Nuremberg trials. It is known in the historical and scientific community as “Comments and proposals of the Eastern Ministry on the “General Plan ‘Ost’.”

As was established at the Nuremberg trials, these “comments and proposals” were drawn up on April 27, 1942 by E. Wetzel, an employee of the Ministry of Eastern Territories, after familiarizing himself with the draft plan prepared by the RSHA. As a matter of fact, it was on this document that until very recently all research on Nazi plans for the enslavement of the “eastern territories” was based.

On the other hand, some revisionists could argue that this document was just a draft drawn up by a minor official in one of the ministries, and it had nothing to do with real politics. However, at the end of the 80s, the final text of the Ost plan, approved by Hitler, was found in the federal archives, and individual documents from there were presented at an exhibition in 1991. However, it was only in November-December 2009 that the “General Plan “Ost” - the foundations of the legal, economic and territorial structure of the East” was completely digitized and published. This is reported on the website of the Historical Memory Foundation.

As a matter of fact, the German government’s plan to “free up living space” for Germans and other “Germanic peoples,” which included the “Germanization” of the East and mass ethnic cleansing of the local population, did not arise spontaneously, and not out of nowhere. The German scientific community began to carry out the first developments in this direction even under Kaiser Wilhelm II, when no one had heard of National Socialism, and Hitler himself was just a skinny rural boy. As a group of German historians (Isabelle Heinemann, Willy Oberkrome, Sabine Schleiermacher, Patrick Wagner) elaborates in the study “Planning, Expulsion: “The Ost General Plan” of the National Socialists”:

“Since 1900, racial anthropology and eugenics, or racial hygiene, can be spoken of as a specific direction in the development of science at the national and international levels. Under National Socialism, these sciences achieved the position of leading disciplines, providing the regime with methods and principles to justify racial policies. There was no precise and uniform definition of "race". Conducted racial studies raised the question of the relationship between “race” and “living space”.

Fourth – Russia to the Urals.

The fifth governorate was to be Turkestan.

However, this plan seemed “half-hearted” to Hitler, and he demanded more radical solutions. In the context of German military successes, it was replaced by the “General Plan Ost”, which generally suited Hitler. According to this plan, the Nazis wanted to resettle 10 million Germans to the “eastern lands”, and from there deport 30 million people to Siberia, and not only Russians. Many of those who glorify Hitler's collaborators as freedom fighters would also be subject to deportation if Hitler had won. It was planned to evict beyond the Urals 85% of Lithuanians, 75% of Belarusians, 65% of Western Ukrainians, 75% of the rest of the population, and 50% of Latvians and Estonians each.

By the way, about the Crimean Tatars, about whom our liberal intelligentsia loved to lament so much, and whose leaders continue to pump up their rights to this day. In the event of a German victory, which most of their ancestors served so faithfully, they would still have to be deported from Crimea. Crimea was to become a “purely Aryan” territory called Gotengau. The Fuhrer wanted to resettle his beloved Tyroleans there.

The plans of his associates, as is well known, thanks to the courage and colossal sacrifices of the Soviet people, failed. However, it is worth reading the following paragraphs of the above-mentioned “comments” to the Ost plan - and see that some of its “creative heritage” continues to be implemented, moreover, without any participation of the Nazis.

“In order to avoid an increase in population that is undesirable for us in the eastern regions... we must consciously pursue a policy to reduce the population. By means of propaganda, especially through the press, radio, cinema, leaflets, short brochures, reports, etc., we must constantly instill in the population the idea that it is harmful to have many children. It is necessary to show how much money it costs, and what could be purchased with these funds. It is necessary to talk about the great danger to a woman’s health that she is exposed to when giving birth to children, etc. Along with this, the broadest propaganda of contraceptives must be launched. It is necessary to establish widespread production of these products. The distribution of these drugs and abortions should not be restricted in any way. We should do everything we can to expand the network of abortion clinics... The better quality abortions are performed, the more confidence the population will have in them. It is clear that doctors must also be authorized to perform abortions. And this should not be considered a violation of medical ethics..."

It is very reminiscent of what began to happen in our country with the beginning of “market reforms”.

Source – “Advisor” – a guide to good books.

Recently NTV Once again attracted public attention to the topic of the Ost master plan, announcing that for the first time a text... of enormous historical value was posted in the public domain. In fact, the text of the document under discussion has long been “widely available” on the same website; a facsimile of it from the Bundesarchive was simply added to it (however, this is not the only inaccuracy in this short report). After participating in a couple of regular discussions on the topic of GPO, I realized that I was tired of repeating the same thing over and over again, and I decided to systematize the main questions and answers to them. Of course, this text is a “working” version and does not pretend to finally close the topic of the “master plan”.

The most frequently asked questions are:

1. What is “General Plan Ost?”
2. What is the history of the emergence of GPO? What documents relate to it?
3. What is the content of the GPO?
4. In fact, the GPO was developed by a minor official, should it be taken seriously?
5. The plan does not contain the signature of Hitler or any other senior official of the Reich, which means it is invalid.
6. GPO was a purely theoretical concept.
7. Implementing such a plan is unrealistic.
8. When were the documents on the Ost plan discovered? Is there a possibility that they are falsified?
9. What additional information can you read about GPO?

1. What is “General Plan Ost?”

By “General Plan Ost” (GPO), modern historians understand a set of plans, draft plans and memos devoted to the issues of settling the so-called. "eastern territories" (Poland and the Soviet Union) in the event of a German victory in the war. The GPO concept was developed on the basis of Nazi racial doctrine under the patronage of the Reichskommissariat for the Strengthening of German Statehood (RKF), which was headed by SS Reichsführer Himmler, and was supposed to serve as a theoretical foundation for the colonization and Germanization of the occupied territories.

2.What is the history of the emergence of GPO? What documents relate to it?

A general overview of the documents is given in the table below (with links to materials posted online):

	Name	date	Volume	Prepared by whom	Original	Objects of colonization
1	Planungsgrundlagen (Planning Basics)	February 1940	21 pp.	RKF planning department	BA, R 49/157, S.1-21	Western regions of Poland
2	Materialien zum Vortrag “Siedlung” (materials for the report “Settlement”)	December 1940	5 pages	RKF planning department	facsimile in G. Aly, S. Heim “Bevölkerungsstruktur und Massenmord” (p.29-32)	Poland
3	Generalplan Ost (general plan Ost)	July 1941	?	RKF planning department	lost, dated according to cover letter	?
4	Gesamtplan Ost (overall plan Ost)	December 1941	?	planning group III B RSHA	lost; lengthy review by Dr. Wetzel (Stellungnahme und Gedanken zum Generalplan Ost des Reichsführers SS, 04/27/1942, NG-2325; an abbreviated Russian translation allows you to reconstruct the content	Baltic States, Ingria; Poland, Belarus, Ukraine (strong points); Crimea (?)
5	Generalplan Ost (general plan Ost)	May 1942	84 pp.	Institute of Agriculture at the University of Berlin BA, R 49/157a, facsimile	BA, R 49/157a, facsimile	Baltic States, Ingermanland, Gotengau; Poland, Belarus, Ukraine (strong points)
6	Generalsiedlungsplan (general settlement plan)	October-December 1942	planned 200 pages, a general outline of the plan and main digital indicators have been prepared	RKF planning department	BA, R 49/984	Luxembourg, Alsace, Lorraine, Czech Republic, Lower Styria, Baltics, Poland

Work on plans for the settlement of the eastern territories began virtually immediately after the creation of the Reichskommissariat to strengthen German statehood in October 1939. Headed by Prof. Konrad Mayer, the planning department of the RKF presented the first plan concerning the settlement of the western regions of Poland annexed to the Reich already in February 1940. It was under the leadership of Mayer that five of the six documents listed above were prepared (the Institute of Agriculture, which appears in document 5, was led by the same Mayer ). It should be noted that the RKF was not the only department that thought about the future of the eastern territories; similar work was carried out both in the Rosenberg ministry and in the department responsible for the four-year plan, which was headed by Goering (the so-called “Green Folder”). It is this competitive situation that explains, in part, the critical response of Wetzel, an employee of the Ministry of the Occupied Eastern Territories, to the version of the Ost plan presented by the RSHA planning group (document 4). Nevertheless, Himmler, not least thanks to the success of the propaganda exhibition “Planning and Building a New Order in the East” in March 1941, gradually managed to achieve a dominant position. Document 5, for example, speaks of “the priority of the Reich Commissioner for strengthening German statehood in matters of settlement (of colonized territories) and planning.”

To understand the logic of the development of the GPO, two responses from Himmler to the plans presented by Mayer are important. In the first, dated 06/12/42 (BA, NS 19/1739, Russian translation), Himmler demands to expand the plan to include not only the “eastern”, but also other territories subject to Germanization (West Prussia, the Czech Republic, Alsace-Lorraine, etc.). etc.), reduce the time frame and set the goal of the complete Germanization of Estonia, Latvia and the entire General Government.

The consequence of this was the renaming of the GPO into the “master settlement plan” (document 6), while, however, some territories present in document 5 were excluded from the plan, to which Himmler immediately draws attention (letter to Mayer dated January 12, 1943, BA, NS 19 /1739): “The eastern territories for settlement should include Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, Ingria, as well as Crimea and Tavria [...] The named territories should be completely Germanized/fully populated.”

Mayer never presented the next version of the plan: the course of the war made further work on it pointless.

3. What is the content of the GPO?

The following table uses data organized by M. Burchard:

	Territory of settlement	Number of displaced persons	Population subject to eviction/not subject to Germanization	Cost Estimation
1.	87600 sq. km.	4.3 million	560,000 Jews, 3.4 million Poles in the first stage	-
2.	130,000 sq. km.	480,000 farms	-	-
3.	?	?	?	?
4.	700,000 sq. km.	1-2 million German families and 10 million foreigners with Aryan blood	31 million (80-85% Poles, 75% Belarusians, 65% Ukrainians, 50% Czechs)	-
5.	364231 sq. km.	5.65 million	min. 25 million (90% Poles, 50% Estonians, more than 50% Latvians, 85% Lithuanians)	RM 66 billion
6.	330,000 sq. km.	12.21 million	30.8 million (95% Poles, 50% Estonians, 70% Latvians, 85% Lithuanians, 50% French, Czechs and Slovenes)	RM 144 billion

Let us dwell in more detail on the fully preserved and most elaborated document 5: it is expected to be gradually implemented over 25 years, Germanization quotas are introduced for various nationalities, it is proposed to prohibit the indigenous population from owning property in cities in order to push them out into the countryside and use them in agriculture. To control territories with an initially non-dominant German population, a form of margraviate is introduced, the first three: Ingria (Leningrad region), Gotengau (Crimea, Kherson), and Memel-Narev (Lithuania - Bialystok). In Ingria, the population of cities should be reduced from 3 million to 200 thousand. In Poland, Belarus, the Baltic states, and Ukraine, a network of strongholds is being formed, with a total of 36, providing effective communication margraviates with each other and with the metropolis (see reconstruction). After 25-30 years, the margraviates should be Germanized by 50%, and strongholds by 25-30% (In the review already known to us, Himmler demanded that the implementation period of the plan be reduced to 20 years, that the complete Germanization of Estonia and Latvia and a more active Germanization of Poland be considered).

In conclusion, it is emphasized that the success of the settlement program will depend on the will and colonization power of the Germans, and if it passes these tests, then the nextgeneration will be able to close the northern and southern flanks of colonization (i.e., populate Ukraine and central Russia.)

It should be noted that documents 5 and 6 do not include specific numbers of residents subject to eviction; however, they are derived from the difference between the actual number of residents and the planned number (taking into account German settlers and the local population suitable for Germanization). As territories to which residents who are not fit for Germanization should be evicted are called in document 4 Western Siberia. The leaders of the Reich have repeatedly spoken about the desire to Germanize the European territory of Russia up to the Urals.

From a racial point of view, Russians were considered the least Germanic

a ruined people, moreover, poisoned for 25 years by the poison of “Judeo-Bolshevism”. It is difficult to say unequivocally how the policy of decimation of the Slavic population would be carried out. According to one of the testimonies, Himmler, before the start of Operation Barbarossa, called the goal of the campaign against Russia “ decrease in the Slavic population by 30 million." Wetzel wrote about measures to reduce the birth rate (encouraging abortion, sterilization, abandoning the fight against infant mortality, etc.), Hitler himself expressed himself more directly: “ Locals? We'll have to start filtering them. We kill the destructive Jews rem in general. My impression of the Belarusian territory is still better than that of the Ukrainian one. We will not go to Russian cities, they must completely die out. We should not torment ourselves with remorse. We don’t need to get used to the role of a nanny; we have no obligations to the local residents. Renovate houses, catch lice, German teachers, newspapers? No! It’s better that we open a radio station under our control, but otherwise they just need to know the road signs so as not to get in our way! By freedom, these people understand the right to wash only on holidays. If we come with shampoo, it will not attract sympathy. There you need to relearn. There is only one task: to carry out Germanization through the importation of Germans, and the former inhabitants must be considered as Indians.»

4. In fact, the GPO was developed by a minor official, it’s worth should we take it seriously?

A minor official, Prof. Konrad Mayer was not. As mentioned above, he headed the planning department of RKF, andalso the land department of the same Reichskommissariat and the Institute of Agriculture at the University of Berlin. He was a Standartenführer and later an Oberführer (in military report card about ranks above colonel, but below major general) SS. By the way, another popular misconception is that the GPO was supposedly a figment of the fevered imagination of one crazy SS man. This is also not true: agrarians, economists, managers and other specialists from academic circles worked on the GPO. For example, in the cover letter to document 5 Mayer writes

t about promoting " my closest collaborators in the planning department and the general land office, as well as the financial expert Dr. Besler (Jena)" Additional funding came through the German Research Society (DFG): 510 thousand RM were allocated for “scientific planning work to strengthen German statehood” from 1941 to 1945, of which Mayer spent 60-70 thousand per year to his working group, the rest went as grants to scientists conducting research relevant to RKF. For comparison, maintaining a scientist with a scientific degree costs approximately 6 thousand RM per year (data from the report of I. Heinemann.)

It is important to note that Mayer worked on the GPO on the initiative and on the instructions of RKF chief Himmler and in close connection with him, while correspondence was conducted both through the head of the RKF headquarters, Greifelt, and directly. The photographs taken during the exhibition “Planning and Building a New Order in the East”, in which Mayer speaks to Himmler, Hess, Heydrich and Todt, are widely known.

5. The plan does not contain the signature of Hitler or another Nazi leader, which means it is invalid.

The GPO actually did not advance beyond the design stage, which was greatly facilitated by the course of military operations - from 1943 the plan began to quickly lose relevance. Of course, the GPO was not signed by Hitler or anyone else, since it was a plan for the post-war settlement of the occupied regions. The very first sentence of document 5 states this directly: “ Thanks to German weapons, the eastern territories, which had been the subject of centuries of disputes, were finally annexed to the Reich.».

Nevertheless, it would be a mistake to infer from this the disinterest of Hitler and the Reich leadership in the GPO. As shown above, work on the plan took place on instructions and under the constant patronage of Himmler, who, in turn, “ I would like to convey this plan to the Fuehrer at a convenient time"(letter dated 06/12/1942)

Let us recall that already in Mein Kampf Hitler wrote: “ We stop the eternal advance of the Germans to the south and west of Europe and direct our gaze to the eastern lands" The concept of “living space in the east” was repeatedly mentioned by the Fuhrer in the 30s (for example, immediately after coming to power, 02/03/1933, speaking to the Reichswehr generals, he spoke about “the need to conquer living space in the east and its decisive Germanization” ), after the start of the war it acquired clear outlines. Here is a recording of one of Hitler’s monologues dated 10/17/1941:

... the Fuhrer once again outlined his thoughts on the development of the eastern regions. The most important thing is the roads. He told Dr. Todt that he had prepared original plan needs to be expanded significantly. In the next twenty years, he will have three million prisoners at his disposal to solve this problem... German cities should appear at large river crossings in which the Wehrmacht, the police, the administrative apparatus and the party will be based.
German peasant farms will be established along the roads, and the monotonous Asian-looking steppe will soon take on a completely different appearance. In 10 years, 4 million will move there, in 20 - 10 million Germans. They will come not only from the Reich, but also from America, as well as Scandinavia, Holland and Flanders. The rest of Europe can also take part in annexing Russian spaces. Russian cities, those that will survive the war - Moscow and Leningrad must not survive it under any circumstances - should not be touched by a German. They must vegetate in their own shit away from German roads. The Fuhrer again raised the topic that “contrary to the opinion of individual headquarters,” neither the education of the local population nor the care of it should be dealt with...
He, the Fuhrer, will introduce new control with an iron hand; what the Slavs will think about this does not bother him at all. Anyone who eats German bread today doesn't think much about the fact that the fields east of the Elbe were conquered by the sword in the 12th century.

Of course, his subordinates echoed him. For example, on October 2, 1941, Heydrich described future colonization as follows:

D Other lands are eastern lands, partly inhabited by Slavs, these are lands where one must clearly understand that kindness will be perceived as a sign of weakness. These are lands where the Slav himself does not want to have equal rights with the master, where he is used to being in service. These are the lands in the east that we will have to manage and hold. These are lands where, after the military issue is resolved, German control should be introduced up to the Urals, and they should serve us as a source of minerals, labor, like helots, roughly speaking. These are lands that must be treated as when building a dam and draining the coast: far in the east a protective wall is being built to protect them from Asian storms, and from the west the gradual annexation of these lands to the Reich begins. It is from this point of view that we must consider what is happening in the east. The first step would be to create a protectorate of the provinces of Danzig-West Prussia and Warthegau. A year ago in these provinces, as well as in East Prussia and the Silesian part lived another eight million Poles. These are lands that will gradually be populated by the Germans; the Polish element will be squeezed out step by step. These are lands that will one day become completely German. And then further east, to the Baltic states, which will also one day become completely German, although here you need to think about what part of the blood of Latvians, Estonians and Lithuanians is suitable for Germanization. Racially, the best people here are Estonians, they have strong Swedish influences, then Latvians, and the worst are Lithuanians.
Then the turn of the rest of Poland will come, this is the next territory that should be gradually populated by the Germans, and the Poles should be squeezed out further to the east. Then Ukraine, which at first, as an interim The canard solution should be, using, of course, the national idea still dormant in the subconscious, separated from the rest of Russia and used as a source of minerals and provisions under German control. Of course, without allowing the people there to gain a foothold or strengthen themselves, raising their educational level, since from this an opposition may later grow, which, with the weakening of the central government, will strive for independence...

A year later, on November 23, 1942, Himmler spoke about the same thing:

The main colony of our Reich lies in the east. Today - a colony, tomorrow - a settlement area, the day after tomorrow - the Reich! [...] If next year or the year after Russia is likely to be defeated in a bitter struggle, we will still have a great task before us. After the victory of the Germanic peoples, the settlement space in the east must be reclaimed, settled and integrated into European culture. Over the next 20 years - counting from the end of the war - I have set myself the task (and I hope that I can solve it with your help) to move the German border about 500 km to the east. This means that we must resettle farm families there, the resettlement will begin best media German blood and the ordering of the million-strong Russian people for our tasks... 20 years of struggle to achieve peace lie before us... Then this east will be cleansed of foreign blood and our families will settle there as rightful owners.

As is easy to see, all three quotes perfectly correlate with the main provisions of the GPO.

6. GPO was a purely theoretical concept.

In a broad sense, this is true: there is no reason to implement a plan for the post-war settlement of the occupied territories until the war is over. This does not mean, however, that measures to Germanize certain regions were not carried out at all. First of all, it should be noted here that the western regions of Poland (West Prussia and Warthegau) annexed to the Reich, the settlement of which was discussed in document 1. During multi-stage measures for the deportation of Jews and Polish (the former were first deported, like the Poles, to the General Government, then they were taken into ghettos and extermination camps on their own territory: of the 435,000 Jews of Warthegau, 12,000 remained alive) by March 1941. More than 280 thousand people were taken from Warthegau alone. Total number those deported from West Prussia and Warthegau to the General Government of the Poles are estimated at 365 thousand people. Their yards and apartments were occupied by German settlers, of whom there were already 287 thousand in these two regions by March 1942.

At the end of November 1942, on the initiative of Himmler, the so-called. "Action Zamość", the goal of which was the Germanization of the Zamość district, which was declared the "first area of German settlement" in the General Government. By August 1943, 110 thousand Poles were evicted: about half were deported, the rest fled on their own, many joined the partisans. To protect future settlers, it was decided to take advantage of the hostility between Poles and Ukrainians and create a defensive ring of Ukrainian villages around the settlement area. Due to a lack of forces to support order, the action was stopped in August 1943. By that time, only about 9,000 of the 60,000 planned settlers had moved to the Zamość district.

Finally, in 1943, not far from Himmler’s headquarters in Zhitomir, the German town of Hegewald was created: the place of 15,000 Ukrainians expelled from their homes was taken by 10,000 Germans. At the same time, the first settlers went to Crimea.
All these activities also fully correlate with GPO. It is interesting to note that prof. Mayer visited Western Poland, Zamosc, Zhitomir, and Crimea during his business trips, i.e., he assessed the feasibility of his concept on the ground.

7. Implementing such a plan is unrealistic.

Of course, one can only guess about the reality of implementing the GPO in the form in which it is described in the documents that have reached us. We are talking about the resettlement of tens of millions (and, apparently, the extermination of millions) of people; the need for migrants is estimated at 5–10 million people. The discontent of the expelled population and, as a consequence, a new round of armed struggle against the occupiers is practically guaranteed. It is unlikely that settlers would be eager to move to areas where guerrilla warfare continues.

On the other hand, we are talking not just about the fixed idea of the Reich leadership, but also about scientists (economists, planners, managers) who projected this fixed idea onto reality: no supernatural or impossible obligations were set, the task of Germanization of the Baltic states, Ingermanland, Crimea, Poland, parts of Ukraine and Belarus were to be resolved in small steps over 20 years, with details (for example, the percentage of suitability for Germanization) being adjusted and clarified along the way. As for the “unrealism of the GPO” in terms of scale, we must not forget that, for example, the number of Germans expelled during and after the end of the Second World War from the territories in which they lived is also described as an eight-digit number. And it took not 20 years, but five times less.

Hopes (expressed today, mainly by adherents of General Vlasov and other collaborators) that some part of the occupied territories would gain independence or at least self-government are not reflected in real Nazi plans (see, for example, Hitler in Bormann's notes, 07/16/41:

...we will again emphasize that we were forced to occupy this or that area, restore order in it and secure it. In the interests of the population, we are forced to take care of peace, food, communications, etc., so we are introducing our own rules here. No one should recognize that in this way we are introducing our rules forever! Despite this, we are carrying out and can carry out all the necessary measures - executions, evictions, etc.
We, however, do not wish to prematurely turn anyone into our enemies. Therefore, for now we will act as if this area is a mandated territory. But it must be absolutely clear to us that we will never leave it. [...]
The most basic:
The formation of a power to the west of the Urals capable of waging war should never be allowed, even if we have to fight for another hundred years. All the Fuhrer's successors must know: the Reich will only be safe if there is no foreign army west of the Urals; Germany takes upon itself the defense of this space from all possible threats.
Iron Law should read: “No one other than Germans should ever be allowed to bear arms!” .

At the same time, it makes no sense to compare the situation of 1941–42 with the situation of 1944, when the Nazis made promises much more easily, since they were happy with almost any help: active conscription into the ROA began, Bandera was released, etc. Like the Nazis belonged to the allies who pursued goals not approved in Berlin, including those who advocated for (albeit puppet) independence in 1941–42, as is clearly shown by the example of the same Bandera.

8.When were the documents on the Ost plan discovered? Is there a possibility that they are falsified?

Dr. Wetzel's opinion and a number of accompanying documents appeared already at the Nuremberg trials; documents 5 and 6 were discovered in American archives and published by Czeslaw Madajczyk (Przeglad Zachodni Nr. 3 1961).
Theoretically, the possibility that a particular document is falsified always exists. In this case, however, it is important that we are dealing not with one or two, but with a whole complex of documents, which includes not only the main ones discussed above, but also various accompanying notes, reviews, letters, protocols - in the classic The collection of Ch. Madaychik contains more than a hundred relevant documents. Therefore, it is absolutely not enough to call one document a falsification, taking it out of the context of the others. If, for example, document 6 is a falsification, then what does Himmler write to Mayer in his response to it? Or, if Himmler’s review dated June 12, 1942 is a falsification, then why does document 6 embody the instructions contained in this review? And most importantly, why do the GPO documents, if they are falsified, correlate so well with the statements of Hitler, Himmler, Heydrich, etc.?

Those. here you need to build a whole conspiracy theory, explaining by whose evil intent the documents and speeches of Nazi bosses found at different times in different archives are built into a coherent picture. And to question the reliability of individual documents (as some authors do, counting on the uneducated reading public) is quite pointless.

First of all, books in German:

Collection of documents compiled by C. Madayczyk Vom Generalplan Ost zum Generalsiedlungsplan, Saur, München 1994;

Mechthild Rössler, Sabine Schleiermacher (Hrsg.): Der „Generalplan Ost“. Hauptlinien der nationalsozialistischen Planungs- und Vernichtungspolitik, Akademie, Berlin 1993;

Rolf-Dieter Müller: Hitlers Ostkrieg und die deutsche Siedlungspolitik, Frankfurt am Main 1991;

Isabel Heinemann: Rasse, Siedlung, deutsches Blut. Das Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt der SS und die rassenpolitische Neuordnung Europas, Wallstein: Göttingen 2003 (partially available)

There are many materials, including those used above, on the thematic website of M. Burchard.