Geographic map of Hungary. Detailed map of Hungary in Russian

Hungary – a true paradise for travelers. Nowadays, every tourist will find entertainment to suit their taste, be it excursions to historical and cultural places in Hungary or great places to relax with loved ones.

Hungary was formed in 896, but long before the arrival of the Hungarian tribes, the territory of the future country was inhabited by the Romans, Germans and Slavs.

Geography of the country

Hungary lies in Central Europe, its neighbors: , Slovakia, Ukraine, Serbia, and Slovenia.

The population of Hungary is 9,849,000 people. State language is Hungarian, it is native to 95% of the country's inhabitants. Administratively, Hungary is divided into 19 regions and the capital of the state; regions are divided into districts, districts into cities and communities. The capital of Hungary is divided into districts.

The capital of Hungary is Budapest, and this city is also the largest in the country. Its population is 1,732 million people. The city ranks 8th in the EU. Budapest was founded in 1873.

Almost in half Hungary is divided the Danube River, in the eastern part of the state the Tisza River flows. The currents of both rivers move from north to south. Half of the country's territory is occupied by mountains, the rest lies in flat lowlands.

Terrain near the banks of the Danube, it is occupied mainly by a hilly lowland - Transdanubia, it is dissected by limestone mountains, which form small plateaus with a height of only 400-600 m. The north-eastern border is occupied by mountains, the maximum point lies on Mount Matra. Highest point Hungarian mountains - Mount Kekes, 1015 m above sea level.

Located in the western part of the country Lake Balaton, which is the largest not only in Hungary, but throughout Europe. Also, the waters of Lake Balaton are the warmest in the entire region.

Climate and nature

The climate of Hungary is temperate continental, so winters are harsh and summers are hot. The sea wind only sometimes reaches the central part of the country. average temperature in the capital it is 22 degrees in summer, in winter it drops to 0...-2 degrees. Precipitation is infrequent, the annual norm is 600 mm. and autumn in Hungary are always warm and long.

In winter, especially cold periods of time are replaced by temporary warming, this is due to the influence of Atlantic air masses that come to Hungary from the western part of Europe.

The snow lies for quite a long time, from 30 to 40 days, during which time the Danube River completely freezes.

Main rivers Hungary - the Danube and Tisza, which flow throughout the entire territory of the state from north to south.

The nature of Hungary has, to a large extent, undergone artificial changes. Most of the country is occupied fertile fields, orchards and vineyards. Forests are preserved only in mountainous areas; they occupy only 20% of the common territory Hungary.

Take a piece of Hungary with you: what to bring as a souvenir? Best ideas for gifts - in our next one.

State attractions

Hungary is considered state-museum, here historical monuments of different times exist in harmony: the Roman Empire during the Turkish conquest, Romanesque churches and medieval fortresses.

The cities of Hungary are made in a special architectural style, which is characteristic of more than one historical era.

They preserved houses, temples, castles that belonged to the nobility and royalty. In state museums and galleries stored great amount objects of art from different eras and centuries. The country is known for its healing springs, lakes and health resorts.

Most attractions preserved in the main city of the state - Budapest, which back in 1934 was considered the main resort city of Europe. Budapest won this honorary title thanks to the almost two hundred lands located on its lands. natural sources and wells with healing water.

From the city center there is a beautiful panorama of the Danube River, and the central historical part of the city is on the UNESCO list.

There is a lot to see in the city: the ancient Lenzhid Bridge, the Church of St. Anne, the Street of the Holy Trinity, the Royal Palace, the National Art Gallery, the Matthias Temple, the Hungarian Museum, the Badai Fortress, the Chapel of St. Michael. All these attractions will help you form a complete opinion not only about Budapest, but also about Hungary itself.

For an overview of the main attractions of Budapest, watch the following video:

Medical resorts Hungarians are valued all over the world. These are real treasures that nature has given to humanity. As you know, almost any disease can be cured at Hungarian resorts. Lake Balaton, on the banks of which there are balneological clinics, is business card countries. You can also go fishing or windsurfing on the lake shore.

View of Grašslaković Castle captivates all tourists. On its territory there are sprawling gardens where you can stroll or just relax. Also, the Pechvard Monastery, the Beethoven Center in Brunswick, and Feshteich on Lake Balaton have been preserved on the territory of the country. Each city is worthy of attention, in each of them there is something to see.

It is also worth noting the unique Hungarian cuisine, which includes many fish and meat dishes. Also, Hungary is the birthplace of Kadarka and Tokaji wine.

(Hungarian Republic)

General information

Geographical position. Hungary is a country located in Central Europe. In the north it borders with Slovakia, in the northeast - with Ukraine, in the east - with Romania, in the south - with Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia, in the west - with Austria.

Square. The territory of Hungary occupies 93,030 square meters. km.

Main cities, administrative divisions. The capital of Hungary is Budapest. The largest cities: Budapest (2,017 thousand people), Debrecen (215 thousand people), Miskolc (193 thousand people), Szeged (187 thousand people), Pecs (170 thousand people). The country is divided into 19 districts (regions).

Political system

Hungary is a parliamentary republic. The head of state is the president. The head of government is the prime minister. The legislative body is the unicameral State Assembly.

Relief. The territory of Hungary is mostly flat. The Danube, which forms part of the Hungarian-Slovak border, turns sharply south, dividing the country into two regions. The Central Danube Plain occupies most region east of the Danube, entering the territory of Romania in the east, and Serbia in the south. In the north are the spurs of the Alps and the highest point in Hungary - Mount Kekes (1015 m). In the west there are the low mountains of Meshek and Bakoni, as well as the largest lake Central Europe- Balaton.

Geological structure and minerals. On the territory of Hungary there are deposits of bauxite, coal, natural gas.

Climate. The country's climate is continental, dry, with hot summers and cold winters. The average January temperature is about -1 °C, the average July temperature is about +21 °C.

Inland waters. The main rivers of Hungary are the Danube and Tisza; Lake Balaton is the largest in Central Europe, its surroundings are a large resort area.

Soils and vegetation. The soils are predominantly chernozem. Approximately 18% of the country's territory is covered by forests. These are mainly deciduous forests, in which oak, birch, linden and other trees grow.

Animal world. The forests are inhabited by fox, hare, deer and wild boar. The most common birds are the stork, heron, wild duck and crane.

Population and language

The country's population is about 10.208 million people, the average population density is about 108 people per 1 sq. km. Ethnic groups: Hungarians (Magyars) - 89.9%, Gypsies - 4%, Germans - 2.6%, Serbs - 2%, Slovaks - 0.8%), Romanians - 0.7%. Official language- Hungarian, many Hungarians know one of foreign languages- English, German, Russian.

Religion

Catholics - 67.5%), Protestants (mainly Lutherans and Calvinists) - 25%), Jews.

Brief historical sketch

Modern Hungary was in ancient times part of the Roman province of Pannonia and was one of the first to be conquered by Germanic tribes in the 2nd century. After this, the country was under the rule of the Huns, Avars and Franks.

At the end of the 9th century. Pannonia was captured by the Magyars. Stephen I (the Saint) became the first king of the Hungarians in 1000, receiving the blessing of Pope Sylvester P.

For almost 300 years the Kingdom of Hungary was independent, but after Mongol invasion in 1241 royal power began to weaken, and at the beginning of the 14th century. Foreign dynasties began to rule the country.

In 1521, Turkey began a successful war against the Hungarian king, after which the country actually broke up into several relatively independent regions and remained in this state for almost 150 years.

At the beginning of the 18th century. power in the country passed to the Austrian royal house of Habsburg, and after another 150 years, Austria and Hungary became independent kingdoms under the rule of one emperor, and in 1867 Austria-Hungary arose.

On November 11, 1918, the empire was officially liquidated, and five days later Hungary was proclaimed a republic.

In the 1920s, the monarchy was restored with the establishment of the pro-fascist Horthy regime, but in 1945 Hungary again became a republic.

In 1946, the Hungarian People's Republic was proclaimed and a communist regime was established. The 1956 anti-communist uprising in Budapest was brutally suppressed by Soviet troops.

In 1989, the Hungarian People's Republic was renamed the Hungarian Republic, the communists were effectively removed from power, and in March - April 1990, the first free multi-party elections in 45 years were held.

Brief economic essay

Hungary is an industrial-agrarian country. Extraction of bauxite, oil, natural gas, iron and manganese ores. Mechanical engineering, including automotive industry (Ikarus factories), locomotive and shipbuilding, agricultural, production of communications equipment, computer equipment, medical equipment; chemical (organic synthesis products, mineral fertilizers, pharmaceutical products), light (textile, footwear) and food industry. In the structure of agricultural production, the shares of crop production and livestock farming are approximately equal. Cereal crops. They grow sugar beets, sunflowers, and hemp. Viticulture, fruit growing, vegetable growing. In livestock farming, pig farming and poultry farming are the most developed. Foreign tourism (30 million people per year).

Currency unit- forint.

Brief sketch of culture

Art and architecture.

Budapest. Palace complex with a temple in the Gothic style in Buda; Parliament building (1896) in Pest. National Historical Museum of Hungary with a rich collection of exhibits of Magyar history dating back to the 9th century; Hungarian Art Museum and Hungarian National Museum of Natural History. Cebrecen. The Protestant temple where Hungary's independence from the Habsburg Empire was proclaimed in 1849. Mshikolts. A museum with one of the best collections of exhibits of Scythian culture and Bronze Age objects. Pen. Cathedral of the 11th century, two Turkish mosques. Szeged. Tower of the 13th century; great cathedral with two spiers. Sekeshfe-hervar. Cathedral of the 18th century on the foundations of a church from the 11th century. A museum with a rich collection of antique exhibits from the period of the Roman Empire. Solnok. The museum is famous for its rich collection of archaeological exhibits. Šombateli. Remains of an ancient Roman settlement; Episcopal palace of the 18th century Esztergom. The largest cathedral in the country, the dome of the cathedral follows the shape of the dome of St. Basilica. Peter's in Rome; The cathedral houses a cross presented to King Ippwan I (the Saint) by Pope Sylvester II in the 10th century.

The science. F. Müller (1740-1825) - mining engineer who discovered tellurium, L. Etvesh (1848-1919) - physicist, author of works on the theory of capillarity (Eotvesh equation) and gravitation; K. Kando (1869-1931) - electrical engineer who developed a synchronous phase converter, which he used in an electric locomotive.

Literature. S. Petofi (1823-1849) - poet who led the uprising in Pest during the Revolution of 1848-1849; Petofi's poetry is characterized by the unity of social-analytical realism and romance.

Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. On a detailed map of Hungary, this country is bordered by seven states:

• with Slovakia in the north;
• with Ukraine in the northeast;
• with Romania in the east;
• with Serbia and Croatia in the south;
• with Slovenia and Austria in the west.

Hungary is an industrial-agrarian country with developed mechanical and instrument making, chemical and aluminum industries, horticulture and viticulture.

Hungary on the world map: geography, nature and climate

Hungary on the world map is located in Central Europe, between the Carpathians in the north and the Alps in the west, in one of the most favorable places in Europe in terms of climate and terrain. The territory of Hungary stretches from north to south for 319 km, from west to east – for 528 km. The total length of the borders is 2009 km.

Minerals

There are no large mineral deposits in Hungary. There are small deposits of oil and gas, brown and hard coal, copper and iron ores, bauxite and manganese.

Relief

The main part of Hungary is located on the Middle Danube Plain, consisting of several parts:

• hilly western - Dunantul, with heights up to 300 meters;
• lowland eastern - Alfeld, with heights up to 200 meters;
• lowland northwestern - Kishalföld, with heights up to 100 - 150 meters;

On a map of Hungary in Russian, in the north-west of the country you can find the Middle Hungarian Mountains, and in the south-west - the blocky Mecsek Mountains, the height of which does not exceed 700 meters. The highest point in Hungary is Mount Kekes (1014 meters), located in the foothills of the Western Carpathians in the north of the country.

In the northern mountains on the border with Slovakia there is the Domica cave, with a passage length of 24 km and a depth of 116 meters.

Hydrography

Danube – main river Hungary, the total length of which is 2848 km (of which 417 km are on the territory of the country). All other rivers in the country belong to the Danube basin and are fed by snow and rain. The ice cover of local rivers is variable and does not appear every year.

In western Hungary is located largest lake Central Europe - Balaton, with an area of ​​594 km 2. This part of the country is also home to the largest thermal lake Europe - Heviz, the water temperature there does not drop below 24 °C even in winter.

Hungary has 10 national parks, the largest of which, Hortobágy, includes pristine steppes, swamps and lakes, and oak groves.

Flora and fauna

Most of the soils are fertile chernozems; salt marshes, brown soils and rendzins (in the mountains) are also found throughout the country.

The terrain of Hungary is currently predominantly steppe, with forests occupying only 20% of the country's area. The lowland forests contain oaks, birches, lindens and chestnuts, while the mountain forests contain spruce and fir trees.

The most common representatives of the fauna are wild boars, hares, foxes, deer, beavers; and avifauna - storks, cranes and swallows. The reservoirs of Hungary are home to carp, carp, bream, perch, tench, asp and other fish.

Climate

The temperate continental climate of Hungary is due to the intermountainous position of the country, the average annual temperature is +11 °C. Winter is mild and short, there is snow cover no more than 30–40 days a year, the average temperature in January is -1 °C. Summer is hot and long (up to 5 months), with an average July temperature of +22 °C. On average, the country receives between 450 and 900 mm of precipitation per year. Average annual air humidity is 75%. Hungary is one of the sunniest countries in Europe - 45% of all days a year are sunny.

Map of Hungary with cities. Administrative division of the country

The territory of Hungary is divided 19 copper(regions) and a city that has the status of a county - Budapest.

Largest cities

• Budapest– capital and The largest city Hungary, located in its northern part, on both banks of the Danube River. Budapest is not only the economic and transport center of the country, but also its main cultural and resort attraction - here are the Buda Castle (within it - the Royal Palace, Matthias Cathedral, the Museum of the History of Budapest) and hot mineral springs. The city is home to 1.8 million people.
• Debrecen- the second most populous city (203 thousand people) in the country; on a map of Hungary with cities in Russian it can be found 30 km east of the border with Romania. The city is home to one of the best universities in Central Europe - the University of Debrecen. The flour-grinding, fruit and vegetable industries, the chemical-pharmaceutical industry and instrument making are developed here.
• Szeged- a city in southern Hungary, the center of the country's sausage production. Main attraction – Cathedral Szeged, built of red brick in neo-Romanesque style. The city's population is 162 thousand people.

When we mention Hungary, we immediately remember one of the most beautiful places in the country - Budapest. “Queen of the Danube” will delight us not only with the famous lake of Central Europe, but also with caves, entering which you will feel like a hero of myths.

We must not forget that Hungary is famous for its traditional horse riding parades, as well as its majestic castles, fortresses, palaces, bastions and ancient churches. What can we say about museums that will introduce us to the work of great artists.

And most importantly - they are pleasant climatic conditions. In summer, the thermometer hardly reaches +25 °C. And in winter, in the coldest month - January, the weather skillfully keeps the temperature at +4°C. By the way, Russian tourists will be doubly lucky. After all, many residents of the country speak our language quite well. Hungary is a place that has managed to preserve real masterpieces, despite wars and considerable destruction.

Hungary on the world map

Shown below interactive map Hungary in Russian from Google. You can move the map left and right, up and down with the mouse, and also change the scale of the map using the “+” and “-” icons, which are located at the bottom on the right side of the map, or using the mouse wheel. In order to find out where Hungary is located on a world map or on a map of Europe, use the same method to reduce the scale of the map even further.

In addition to the map with the names of objects, you can look at Hungary from a satellite if you click on the “Show” switch satellite map" in the lower left corner of the map.

Below is another map of Hungary. To see the map in full size, click on it and it will open in a new window. You can also print it out and take it with you on the road.

You have been presented with the most basic and detailed maps of Hungary, which you can always use to find an object of interest to you or for any other purposes. Have a nice trip!

Hungary on the world map

The main territory of the country is the Danube plain, and only in the north is a small part of the Alps mountains and in the west are the low mountains of Bakony and Meszek. The most beautiful and largest lake in Europe, Lake Balaton, is located in Hungary.

Climate
The country has a temperate continental climate weather, this is explained by its location, the average temperature ranges from -1 to +21. Characterized by: dry, hot summers, cold winters, as well as long, warm, sunny autumns and springs - the most wonderful time of the year in Hungary.

Nature
Hungary is a very beautiful country, on its territory there is a beautiful Lake Balaton, many nature reserves and thermal springs and healing lakes. In the west, deciduous forests predominate, in the east - steppe zone. Many species of birds, rare animals and wild animals live in protected areas and forests

Map of Hungary in Russian

Tourism
The beauty of Hungary has always been of undoubted interest to visitors. Many health resorts have been built for people who combine tourism with wellness. Excursions around the most beautiful places the country leaves a lasting impression on countless tourists.

Budapest is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful cities in Europe; it is famous for its colorful sights.
On Roosevelt Square, there is the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, a building built in the Renaissance style.
Gresham Palace - built in the 17th century, today the most expensive luxury hotel is located here.
The Western Station is distinguished by the unique beauty of its unique architectural ensemble.
The cathedral is the second largest church in the country and organ concerts are often held here.
The Fortress Mountain and the Fortress are recognized as part of the world's cultural heritage.
The Royal Palace has always been a stumbling block and a tasty morsel for conquerors; now it is a symbol of the country.
The capital has many beautiful parks and bridges, monuments and sculptures, churches and squares; tourists always have something to see. Photo materials used from Wikimedia © Foto, Wikimedia Commons