10 sins in Orthodoxy. Raising a child according to God's commandments

6. Don't kill.
7. Do not commit adultery.
8. Don't steal.

Ten Commandments.

Text of the Ten Commandments Synodal translation Bible. Ref. 20, 2-17.

1. I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; Let you have no other gods before Me.
2. Do not make for yourself an idol or any image of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth below, or that is in the water below the earth; You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate Me, and showing mercy to a thousand generations of those who love Me and keep My commandments.
3. Do not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not leave without punishment the one who takes His name in vain.
4. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy; six days thou shalt work and do all thy work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God: on it thou shalt not do any work, neither thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor [ your ox, nor your donkey, nor any of your livestock, nor the stranger who is within your gates; For in six days the Lord created heaven and earth, the sea and everything in them, and rested on the seventh day; Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and sanctified it.
5. Honor your father and your mother, so that it may go well with you and that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.
6. Don't kill.
7. Do not commit adultery.
8. Don't steal.
9. Do not bear false witness against your neighbor.
10. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house; Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his field, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, [nor any of his livestock], nor anything that is thy neighbor's.

What kinds of sins are there?

Sins in Christianity

There are seven deadly sins in total.

Sins against the Lord God
- pride

- unbelief and lack of faith;

Sins against one's neighbor
- lack of love for others;



- bribery;

- poor parenting;
- cursing children;




- hypocrisy;
- anger;
- deception;
- perjury;
- jealousy;

Sins against yourself
- lies, envy;
- foul language;
- despondency, melancholy, sadness;

- gluttony, gluttony;

- excessive attention to the flesh;






- sodomy;
- bestiality;

What kinds of sins are there?

Sins in Christianity
According to Christian doctrine, there are a number of acts that are sinful and unworthy of a true Christian. The classification of acts on this basis is based on biblical texts, especially the Ten Commandments of the Law of God and the Gospel commandments.
Below is a list of acts that are considered sins regardless of religion.
According to the Christian understanding of the Bible, a person who commits a voluntary sin (i.e., realizing that this is sin and resistance to God) can become possessed (possessed in his aspirations).

There are seven deadly sins in total.
This term does not mean PHYSICAL death, but SPIRITUAL death, and their consequences are always grave and painful for the person committing these sins.
Sometimes this was deplorable for entire nations, incl. and in the twentieth century.
1. PRIDE (immense pride, considering oneself perfect and sinless, i.e. equal to God, inability to comprehend one’s own actions)
2. ENVY (vanity, jealousy)
3. ANGER (revenge, evil intentions)
4. LAZINESS IN ACTION (laziness, idleness, despondency, despair in difficulties, carelessness)
5. GREED (greed, stinginess, love of money)
6. Gluttony (gluttony, gluttony)
7. Voluptuousness (insane fornication, lust, debauchery and inattention to one’s own children)

Sins against the Lord God
- pride
- failure to fulfill the holy will of God;
- violation of the commandments: the ten commandments of the Law of God, gospel commandments, church commandments;
- unbelief and lack of faith;
- lack of hope for the Lord’s mercy, despair;
- excessive trust in God's mercy;
- hypocritical veneration of God, without the love and fear of God;
- lack of gratitude to the Lord for all His blessings - and even for the sorrows and illnesses sent down;
- appeal to psychics, astrologers, fortune tellers, fortune tellers;
- practicing “black” and “white” magic, witchcraft, fortune telling, spiritualism;
- superstition, belief in dreams, omens, wearing talismans, reading horoscopes even out of curiosity;
- blasphemy and grumbling against the Lord in the soul and in words;
- failure to fulfill vows given to God;
- calling on the name of God in vain, without necessity, swearing in the name of the Lord;
- blasphemous attitude towards the Holy Scriptures;
- shame and fear of professing faith;
- non-reading of the Holy Scriptures;
- going to church without diligence, laziness in prayer, absent-minded and cold prayer, absent-minded listening to readings and chants; being late for service and leaving the service early;
- disrespect for God's holidays;
- thoughts about suicide, attempts to commit suicide;
- sexual immorality such as adultery, fornication, sodomy, sadomasochism, etc.

Sins against one's neighbor
- lack of love for others;
- lack of love for enemies, hatred of them, wishing them harm;
- inability to forgive, repaying evil for evil;
- lack of respect for elders and superiors, for parents, grief and offense to parents;
- failure to fulfill what was promised, non-payment of debts, open or secret appropriation of someone else’s property;
- beating, attempt on someone else's life;
- killing babies in the womb (abortion), advice to have abortions for neighbors;
- robbery, extortion;
- bribery;
- refusal to stand up for the weak and innocent, refusal to help someone in trouble;
- laziness and carelessness at work, disrespect for the work of others, irresponsibility;
- poor parenting;
- cursing children;
- lack of mercy, stinginess;
- reluctance to visit patients;
- not praying for mentors, relatives, enemies;
- hard-heartedness, cruelty to animals, birds;
— destruction of trees unnecessarily;
- contradiction, non-yielding to neighbors, disputes;
- slander, condemnation, slander;
- gossip, retelling other people's sins, eavesdropping on other people's conversations;
- insult, enmity with neighbors, scandals, hysteria, curses, insolence, arrogant and free behavior towards neighbors, ridicule;
- hypocrisy;
- anger;
- suspicion of neighbors of unseemly actions;
- deception;
- perjury;
- seductive behavior, desire to seduce;
- jealousy;
- telling indecent jokes, corrupting others (adults and minors) with one’s actions;
- friendship for self-interest and betrayal.

Sins against yourself
- vanity, considering oneself better than everyone else, pride, lack of humility and obedience, arrogance, arrogance, spiritual egoism, suspicion;
- lies, envy;
- idle talk, laughter;
- foul language;
- irritation, indignation, rancor, resentment, grief;
- despondency, melancholy, sadness;
- doing good deeds for show;
- laziness, spending time in idleness, sleeping too much;
- gluttony, gluttony;
- love for the earthly and material more than for the heavenly, spiritual;
- addiction to money, things, luxury, pleasures;
- excessive attention to the flesh;
- desire for earthly honors and glory;
- excessive attachment to everything earthly, various kinds things and worldly goods;
- drug use, drunkenness;
- playing cards, gambling;
- engaging in pimping, prostitution;
- performance of obscene songs and dances;
- watching pornographic films, reading pornographic books, magazines;
- acceptance of lustful thoughts, pleasure and slowness in unclean thoughts;
- defilement in a dream, fornication (sex outside marriage);
- adultery (infidelity during marriage);
- allowing liberties to the crown and perversion in married life;
— masturbation (defilement of oneself with prodigal touches), immodest views of wives and young men;
- sodomy;
- bestiality;
- belittling one’s sins, blaming one’s neighbors, rather than condemning oneself.

Confirm your actions with the above, and your life will become much more joyful, successful and happier, and your relationships with others will be smoother and kinder.

According to reality modern life The 10 commandments of God in Orthodoxy are considered as the basis of human coexistence. By observing the covenant of Heavenly Father, people can coexist peacefully, despite differences in cultures, skin tones, and levels of technology and science.

Each person has a kind of internal core (conscience), dividing actions into bad and good. But in order to act according to your conscience, you need to raise your children correctly.

And modern parents, in pursuit of earnings, do not give their heirs worthy attention and education, shifting the load to school. As a result, the concept of “conscience” is gradually becoming obsolete.

The listing of the 10 commandments of God and the 7 deadly sins is given in addition, so that their fulfillment will bring people closer to the Kingdom of Heaven after the death of the physical body.

As Jesus Christ promised, believers will receive complete consolation after earthly life:

• those who cry from the hardships of life will rejoice in paradise;
• those who seek the truth will find it in the afterlife;
• eternal life awaits the humble and meek;
• those who show mercy to others during their lifetime will be pardoned in the future;
• those who have suffered for their faith will find a place in the heavenly world;
• those who sincerely believed God and fulfilled his commandments will see the Lord.

But until the coming of God's Kingdom, people who follow these instructions today live in joy and peace.

Do the covenants of the Almighty given to the race of Israel apply to Orthodox believers? It must be understood that the definition of “people of Israel” means all people who believe in God as the Creator of all living and nonliving things around them.

Note! Orthodox Christians associate themselves with the descendants of their ancestors: Abraham, Jacob, Isaac, therefore the commandments of God bequeathed to the Israelis apply to everyone.

The Lord created man in his own image and likeness. During the Fall of Adam and Eve, many characteristics were lost forever, but the main difference from the animal world remained - the freedom to choose their own path. But at the same time, it is necessary to realize responsibility for the chosen path of life, so as not to harm yourself and others.

God's instructions written on the pages of Holy Scripture serve as guidelines, milestones that must be adhered to in order not to lose direction.

Tablets of the Covenant

About 1250 years before the birth of Jesus Christ on Mount Sinai, Moses received the stone tablets
(tablets) on which were written the words of the covenant for the people. Judging by the durability of the chosen material, the instructions on how to behave for believers are always valid.

On one page of the stone book are written the rules of behavior of people in relation to God, and on the second - advice on how to behave with others.

In the New Testament, Jesus Christ, without canceling the 10 commandments, gave the law a new, more perfect syllable, denoting that God is love.

The Lord loves and forgives his children, so a person should love the Creator and his neighbors, as God’s creation.

Knowing the Law of God, people can correctly evaluate their actions by checking the pattern for behavior. Non-compliant established law given by God through the prophet Moses, is considered spiritually dead because he does not see and does not understand the essence of sin. At the same time, ignorance of the commandments does not justify sinners.

God for the Orthodox

Four covenants regulate people's relationship with the Heavenly Father.

First

The first commandment is considered the most important, fundamental law of Christianity: everyone must believe only in one God.

To understand the meaning of the law and accept it, you need to study daily:

• adults are recommended to read the Bible, children - the Law of God in pictures;
• visit church services on Sundays and holidays;
• confess and receive communion;
• participate in church life;
• observe the required fasts;
• think about the meaning of human life.

Common Sins Against the Master Covenant:

• • denial of the existence of the Creator (atheism, unbelief);
  • polytheism (paganism, idolatry);
  • doubt, lack of hope for God's help;
  • idol worship (sects);
  • rejection of faith in the name of gaining privileges and fear;
  • sins of abomination (superstition, fortune telling, turning to psychics, reading relevant literature, practicing magic);
  • swearing (origins are demons, by turning to which a person calls them into his life);
  • Satanism (belief in the devil).

Second

This Divine law prohibits the worship of idols and graven images. However, this should not be equated with the banning of icons in church or at home. The images depict the faces of the Creator’s holy helpers, the image of the Lord himself, the Virgin Mary, and Jesus. Seeing a divine image, a person turns to the Creator, and not to the material from which the icon is made.

Sins against the second commandment:

• worship of eastern symbols of the year (Bull, Snake, Boar, etc.);
• stroking the belly of a frog, personifying an idol that brings wealth;
• drug addiction, alcoholism, computer addiction, when a person betrays faith and family for the sake of pleasure;
• pride, in which the desire to become a recognized leader pushes all spiritual needs into the background.

Third

The name of the Lord should be treated with respect, one should not call him without a reason, one should not joke or constantly swear. Given to God the oath must be fulfilled.
Sinful actions:

• in ordinary worldly conversations, oaths with the mention of God's Name;
• funny, playful expressions addressed to Heavenly Father (anecdotes, jokes);
• blasphemy;
• disrespectful handling of sacred religious objects;
• failure to keep vows and promises made to God.

Fourth

God's fourth commandment is dedicated to spiritual rest after a week of work. The Lord created the entire world around him in 6 days, and dedicated the seventh to rest from righteous deeds. The same regime is recommended for believers. For 6 days a person must work to improve his well-being, and the last day of the week is dedicated to spiritual life.

At the same time, a person who takes time off work on a six-day weekday or indulges in laziness and joy on Sunday is equally sinful.

Previously, Saturday was considered a free day, but after the death on the cross and resurrection of Christ, Sunday is considered a sacred day. Throughout the year, 12 twelve holidays are celebrated, which are also intended for prayer.

Relationship between people

Relationships between people are regulated by the six remaining laws, from which it is impossible to choose more or less important. Often when asked, how many commandments are there in total? a person observes in life, you can hear about two, prohibiting murder and theft.

At the same time, it is sincerely believed that this is enough for a pious life. A person simply does not understand: by violating the law of peaceful coexistence, everyone accordingly worsens not only their own life, but also cripples the life of those closest to them (children, parents, spouses).

Fifth

The meaning of veneration is:

• love and respect;
• care in old age;
• a prayer for forgiveness of sins, both during life and after the death of parents.

The following are considered sins:

• offensive words towards parents;
• disrespect for elders in age, title, rank;
• not responding to comments.

In the Bible It is clearly stated and proven by psychologists’ research that children who fail to forgive their parents are unhappy in life ( bad job, problems in personal relationships, poor health).

Sixth

Only the Almighty, who gives people life, can control the life and death of all living people. Therefore, murder, violent death, including suicide, are considered a sin, a crime against God’s will.

A dead person cannot atone for his sin and repent. As a result of suicide, a person's soul will burn in hellfire forever.

The following categories of people are considered covenant breakers:

• judges condemning an obviously innocent person to death;
• indifferent, watching people die, although they have the power to help and save lives;
• entrepreneurs who condemn workers to hard, exhausting work without observing safety precautions;
• helping to take a person’s life, hiding a murderer from punishment;
• a doctor who helps hopeless patients die;
• women having an abortion at any stage of pregnancy, and gynecologists performing such operations.

In addition to physical death, Orthodoxy considers the death of a person’s soul a sin, akin to murder:

• sale of drugs (the life of drug addicts is shortened);
• distribution of pornographic literature (destroys a person’s soul through fornication);
• extrasensory perception, witchcraft, witchcraft;
• sectarianism that lures people into its networks, going against the legitimate faith.

Defending your homeland from an external enemy is not considered a sin when warriors kill the enemy, protect their people, even sacrificing their lives.

Seventh

It is believed that the marriage of a man and a woman is sanctified in heaven. When getting married in church, the newlyweds make a vow to be true friend friend for any life circumstances. Therefore, the destruction of a family and divorce is considered a violation of oath.

At the same time, children remain innocent sufferers, whose fate is radically changing. Before marriage, young people must maintain purity of thought and body.

Considered the sin of fornication:

• reading romance novels, watching films that arouse lust;
• exciting, erotic dances, music;
• shameful jokes, songs, immoral jokes and phrases;
• same-sex “love” relationship;
• a manner of dressing that evokes coveted thoughts;
• family life not sanctified by marriage.

Eighth

With this commandment, God warns believers that it is a sin to openly or secretly take the property of their neighbors.

The concept applies to the following actions:

• deliberate deception, buyer bias;
• debt evasion;
• theft, robbery, fraud;
• bribery, when an official extorts an additional amount for the performance of his duties.

Ninth

The instruction prohibits false witness, reproach and condemnation of others, since the prerogative to judge or show mercy belongs to the Heavenly Father.

Violation of God's commandment:

• gossip, false testimony in court, slander of someone;
• slander – deliberate distortion of information about a person in order to denigrate his reputation;
• labeling others (drunkard, thief, libertine, etc.), thereby programming the neighbor to act in accordance with public opinion.

Tenth

The law warns that one must be content with what one has and not covet the property of those around him. Do not envy, neither mentally, nor in word, nor with a glance. It is quite difficult to sincerely rejoice in other people's successes. Encourage the enterprise of your neighbor, without envying the success of a stranger. The main task of a believer is to cleanse his thoughts, his soul from harmful influence unclean.

The 10 commandments of God in Russian are presented in detail in the expanded edition of the Bible with interpretation.

How to raise a child

Orthodox Christians must take care of proper education their children. A Bible for children has been specially published for young readers, in which the 10 commandments are presented in the form of colorful pictures. Together with parents, learning is fast and interesting.

Important! It is desirable that truisms be supported personal example adults.

Useful video

Conclusion

deadly sins: gluttony, anger, envy, lust, greed, pride and laziness. Everyone knows, but not all of us consider each of the seven on the list to be a sin. Some are guided by their personal views, others based on the realities of the structure of current society. Some people don’t understand, some are disingenuous, some don’t believe, but the main thing is that no one notices how these seven of us are slowly making slaves of our vices and multiplying and expanding the “range” of our sins. More details below.

There are seven mortal sins in Christian teaching, and they are called so because, despite their seemingly harmless nature, regular exercise they lead to much more serious sins and, consequently, to the death of the immortal soul, ending up in hell. Mortal sins are not based on biblical texts and are not a direct revelation of God; they appeared in the texts of theologians later.

First, the Greek monk-theologian Evagrius of Pontus compiled a list of the eight worst human passions. They were (in descending order of severity): pride, vanity, spiritual laziness, anger, despondency, greed, voluptuousness and gluttony. The order in this list was determined by the degree of a person’s orientation towards himself, towards his ego (that is, pride is the most selfish property of a person and therefore the most harmful).

At the end of the 6th century, Pope Gregory I the Great reduced the list to seven elements, introducing the concept of vanity into pride, spiritual laziness into despondency, and also adding a new one - envy. The list was slightly reordered, this time according to the criterion of opposition to love: pride, envy, anger, despondency, greed, gluttony and voluptuousness (that is, pride is more opposed to love than others and is therefore the most harmful).

Later Christian theologians (in particular, Thomas Aquinas) objected to this particular order of mortal sins, but it was this order that became the main one and remains in effect to this day. The only change In the list of Pope Gregory the Great, the concept of despondency was replaced by laziness in the 17th century.

The word translated as "blessed", is a synonym for the word "happy". Why doesn’t Jesus put a person’s happiness on a par with what he has: success, wealth, power, etc.? He says that happiness is a consequence of a certain internal state, which does not depend on what is happening around, even if a person is slandered and persecuted. Happiness is a consequence of a relationship with the Creator, because it was He who gave us life and knows better than anyone what its meaning is, and therefore happiness. Envy appears only when a person does not love and is therefore not happy. An emptiness appears in the soul, which some unsuccessfully try to fill with things or thoughts about them.

A. In the Old Testament
- examples of envy (Gen 37:11; Numbers 16:1-3; Ps 105:16-18)
- commandment not to envy (Proverbs 3:31; Proverbs 23:17; Proverbs 24:1)

B. In the New Testament
- examples of envy (Matthew 27:18; Mark 15:10; Phil 1:15-17)
- negative consequences of envy (Mark 7:20-23; James 3:14-16)
— positive consequences envy (Rom 11:13-14)
- envy among other sins (Rom 1:29; Gal 5:20; 1 Pet 2:1)
- love does not envy (1 Cor 13:4)

ANGER

If a person sees himself in the mirror in a fit of anger, rage, he will simply be horrified and will not recognize himself, his appearance has changed so much. But anger darkens not only and not so much the face, but the soul. An angry person becomes possessed by the demon of anger. Very often, anger gives rise to one of the most serious sins - murder. Of the reasons that cause anger, I would like to note, first of all, conceit, pride, inflated self-esteem - common reason resentment and anger. It’s easy to be calm and condescending when everyone praises you, but if you touch us with a finger, you can immediately see what we’re worth. Hot temper and short temper may, of course, be a consequence of an overly temperamental character, but still character cannot serve as an excuse for anger. An irritable, hot-tempered person must know this trait of his and fight it, learn to restrain himself. Envy can be considered one of the causes of anger - nothing irritates more than the well-being of your neighbor...

Two sages lived in the same hermitage in the Sahara Desert, and one of them said to the other: “Let’s fight with you, or else we’ll soon cease to really understand what passions torment us.” "I don't know how to start a fight", answered the second hermit. “Let’s do this: I’ll put this bowl here, and you’ll say: “This is mine.” I will answer: “She belongs to me!” We'll start arguing, and then we'll fight.". That's what they did. One said that the bowl was his, but the other objected. "Let's not waste time, - the first one said then. — Take it for yourself. You didn't come up with a very good idea about the quarrel. When a person realizes that he has an immortal soul, he will not argue over things.".

Dealing with anger on your own is not easy. Pray to the Lord before you do your work and the mercy of the Lord will deliver you from anger.

A. Human anger

1. The anger of people like
— Cain (Gen 4:5-6)
— Jacob (Gen 30:2)
—Moses (Exodus 11:8)
— Saul (1 Samuel 20:30)
— David (2 Samuel 6:8)
— Naaman (2 Kings 5:11)
— Nehemiah (Nehemiah 5:6)
- And she (Jonah 4:1,9)

2. How to control our anger
- we must refrain from anger (Psalm 37:8; Eph 4:31)
- we must be slow to anger (James 1:19-20)
- we must control ourselves (Proverbs 16:32)
- in our anger we should not sin (Psalm 4:5; Eph 4:26-27)

3. We can be cast into hell fire because of anger (Matthew 5:21-22)

4. We must allow God to avenge sin. (Ps 93:1-2; Rom 12:19; 2 Thessalonians 1:6-8)

B. The Wrath of Jesus

- to injustice (Mark 3:5; Mark 10:14)
- to blasphemy in the Temple of God (John 2:12-17)
- at the last trial (Rev 6:16-17)

B. Wrath of God

1. God's Wrath is Righteous (Rom 3:5-6; Rev 16:5-6)

2. Reasons for His Wrath
- idolatry (1 Samuel 14:9; 1 Samuel 14:15; 1 Samuel 14:22; 2 Par 34:25)
- sin (Deuteronomy 9:7; 2 Kings 22:13; Rom 1:18)
- lack of faith (Ps 77:21-22; John 3:36)
- bad attitude towards others (Exodus 10:1-4; Amos 2:6-7)
- refusal to repent (Isa 9:13; Isa 9:17; Rom 2:5)

3. Expression of His Wrath
- temporary sentences (Numbers 11:1; Numbers 11:33; Isaiah 10:5; Lamentations 1:12)
- on the day of the Lord (Rom 2:5-8; Soph 1:15; Soph 1:18; Rev 11:18; Ps 109:5)

4. The Lord controls His wrath
- God is slow to anger (Exodus 34:6; Ps 103:8)
- God's mercy is greater than His wrath (Ps 29:6; Isaiah 54:8; Hos 8:8-11)
- God will turn away His wrath (Psalm 77:38; Isaiah 48:9; Dan 9:16)
- believers are delivered from the wrath of God (1 Thessalonians 1:10; Rom 5:9; 1 Thessalonians 5:9)

IDLENESS

Idleness is avoidance of physical and spiritual work. Dejection, which is also part of this sin, is a state of pointless dissatisfaction, resentment, hopelessness and disappointment, accompanied by a general loss of strength. According to John Climacus, one of the creators of the list of seven sins, despondency is “a slanderer of God, as if He is unmerciful and unloving of mankind”. The Lord has endowed us with Reason, which is capable of stimulating our spiritual quests. Here it is worth quoting again the words of Christ from the Sermon on the Mount: “Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied” ( Matthew 5:6) .

The Bible does not speak of laziness as a sin, but rather as an unproductive character trait. Laziness refers to a person’s lethargy and inaction. The lazy man should follow the example of the hardworking ant (Proverbs 6:6-8) ; lazy is a burden to other people (Proverbs 10:26) . By making excuses, the lazy only punishes himself, because... the arguments he gives are stupid (Proverbs 22:13) and testify to his feeble-mindedness, causing ridicule of people (Proverbs 6:9-11; Proverbs 10:4; Proverbs 12:24; Proverbs 13:4; Proverbs 14:23; Proverbs 18:9; Proverbs 19:15; Proverbs 20:4; Proverbs 24:30-34) . Those who lived only for themselves and did not realize the talent given to them will be subjected to merciless judgment. (Matthew 25:26 etc.).

GREED

You won't find the word "greed" in the Bible. However, this does not mean that the Bible has ignored the problem of greed. Quite the contrary, the Word of God takes a very close and careful look at this human vice. And it does this by breaking down greed into its components:

1. Covetousness (the love of money) and covetousness (the desire to get rich). “...for know this, that no fornicator, or unclean person, or covetous person, who is an idolater, has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God” ( Eph 5:5) .
The love of money, being the root of all evil (1 Tim 6:10) , is the foundation of greed. All other components of greed and all other human vices originate in the love of money. The Lord teaches us not to be lovers of money: “Have a disposition that does not love money, being content with what you have. For He Himself said: I will never leave you nor forsake you" ( Hebrews 13:5) .

2. Extortion and bribery
Extortion is the demand and collection of interest on a loan, extortion of gifts, bribes. Bribe - reward, remuneration, payment, retribution, gain, self-interest, profit, bribe. Bribery is bribery.

If the love of money is the foundation of greed, then covetousness is right hand greed. The Bible says about this vice that it comes from the heart of a person: “Further [Jesus] said: What comes out of a man defiles a man. For from within, from the human heart, come evil thoughts, adultery, fornication, murder, theft, covetousness, malice, deceit, lasciviousness, an envious eye, blasphemy, pride, madness - all this evil comes from within and defiles a person" ( Mark 7:20-23) .

The Bible calls covetous and bribe-takers wicked: "The wicked takes a gift from his bosom to pervert the ways of justice" ( Eccl 7:7). “By oppressing others, the wise become foolish, and gifts spoil the heart” ( Proverbs 17:23) .

The Word of God warns us that the greedy will not inherit the Kingdom of God: “Or do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the Kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor wicked people, nor homosexuals, nor thieves, nor the covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners will inherit the kingdom of God" ( 1 Cor 6:9-10) .

“He who walks in righteousness and speaks the truth; who despises the gain of oppression, keeps his hands from taking bribes, stops his ears so as not to hear about bloodshed, and closes his eyes so as not to see evil; he will dwell on the heights; his refuge is inaccessible rocks; bread will be given to him; his water will not run dry" ( Isa 33:15-16) .

3. Greed:
Greed is the thirst for profit. The nature of a greedy person is well described in the book of the prophet Amos “Hear this, you who hunger to devour the poor and destroy the needy, you who say: When will the new moon pass, that we may sell grain, and the Sabbath, that we may open the barns, and reduce the measure, and increase the price of the shekel, and deceive with unfaithful scales, that we may buy the poor with silver? and the poor for a pair of shoes, and sell grain from grain" ( Am 8:4-6). “These are the ways of anyone who covets someone else’s goods: it takes the life of the one who takes possession of it” ( Proverbs 1:19) .

Exodus 20:17) . In other words, this commandment appeals to a person: "Don't be greedy!"

4. Stinginess:
“I will say this: he who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly; and whoever sows generously will also reap generously. Each one should give according to the disposition of his heart, not grudgingly or under compulsion; For God loves a cheerful giver" ( 2 Cor 9:6-7) . Is stinginess different from greed? These words are almost synonymous, but there are still some differences between them. Stinginess, first of all, is aimed at preserving what is available, while greed and greed are focused on new acquisitions.

5. Selfishness
“For the wicked boasts in the lust of his soul; the self-interested man pleases himself" ( Psalm 9:24). “He who loves greed will destroy his house, but he who hates gifts will live” ( Proverbs 15:27) .

Selfishness is a sin for which the Lord punished and is punishing people: “For the sin of his greed, I was angry and struck him, I hid my face and was indignant; but he turned away and followed the path of his heart" ( Isaiah 57:17) . The Word of God warns Christians “So that you do not deal with your brother in any way unlawfully or selfishly: for the Lord is the avenger of all this, as we told you and testified before” ( 1 Thessalonians 4:6) .

Lack of selfishness is an essential characteristic of true servants of God: “But a bishop must be blameless, the husband of one wife, sober, chaste, decent, honest, hospitable, teacher, not a drunkard, not a murderer, not quarrelsome, not greedy, but quiet, peace-loving, not money-loving...” ( 1 Tim 3:2-3); “Deacons must also be honest, not double-tongued, not addicted to wine, not greedy...” ( 1 Tim 3:8) .

6. Envy:
“An envious person rushes to wealth, and does not think that poverty will befall him” ( Proverbs 28:22). “Do not eat food from an envious person and do not be enticed by his delicious dishes; because as the thoughts are in his soul, so is he; “Eat and drink,” he tells you, but his heart is not with you. The piece you have eaten will be vomited up, and good words you will spend yours in vain" ( Proverbs 23:6-8) .

The Tenth Commandment prohibits us from coveting the good of others: “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor’s.” Exodus 20:17) . However, it is known that such desires most often arise in people due to envy.

7. Selfishness:
We have already had a fairly deep conversation about selfishness. We will not return to it, we will only recall that the components of selfishness are the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes and the pride of life. We called this the triune nature of egoism: “For everything that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not from the Father, but from this world” ( 1 John 2:16) .

Greed is integral part selfishness, for the lust of the eyes is everything that the insatiable eyes of a person desire. It is against the lust of the eyes that the tenth commandment warns us: “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor’s.” Exodus 20:17) . So, selfishness and greed are two boots.

8. Gluttony:
The Word of God warns that the eyes of man are insatiable: “Hell and Abaddon are insatiable; so insatiable are human eyes" ( Proverbs 27:20). “Insatiability has two daughters: “come on, come on!”" ( Proverbs 30:15) “Whoever loves silver will not be satisfied with silver, and whoever loves wealth will not profit from it. And this is vanity!” ( Eccl 5:9) “And I turned and saw still vanity under the sun; a lonely person, and there is no other; he has neither a son nor a brother; but there is no end to all his labors, and his eye is not satisfied with wealth. “For whom am I toiling and depriving my soul of good?” And this is vanity and an evil deed!” ( Eccl 4:7-8) .

The main reason for greed is spiritual emptiness: spiritual hunger and thirst with which a person is born into the world. Spiritual emptiness formed in the human soul as a result of spiritual death, which was a consequence of his fall. God created man perfect. When man lived with God, he was not greedy, but without God, greed became a character trait of man. No matter what he does, he is unable to fill this spiritual emptiness. “All a man’s labor is for his mouth, but his soul is not satisfied” ( Eccl 6:7) .

A greedy person, not understanding the reason for his dissatisfaction, tries to drown it out with material goods and wealth. He, poor fellow, does not understand that spiritual poverty cannot be filled with any material benefits, just as spiritual thirst cannot be quenched with a bucket of water. All such a person needs is to turn to the Lord, who, being the only source of living water, is able to fill the spiritual emptiness in the soul.

Today the Lord addresses each of us through the prophet Isaiah: “Thirsty! go, all of you, to the waters; even you who have no silver, go, buy and eat; Go, buy wine and milk without silver and without price. Why do you weigh out money for that which is not bread, and your labor for that which does not satisfy? Listen to Me carefully and eat what is good, and let your soul enjoy the fatness. Incline your ear and come to Me: listen, and your soul will live, and I will give you an everlasting covenant, the unfailing mercies promised to David." Isaiah 55:1-3) .

Only the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ is able to satisfy the spiritual hunger and spiritual thirst of everyone who comes to Him: “Jesus said to them: I am the bread of life; He who comes to Me will never hunger, and he who believes in Me will never thirst" ( John 6:35) .

Of course, it is impossible to get rid of greed in one day, especially if you have been in slavery to this vice for a long time. But it's definitely worth a try. (Deut 24:19-22; Matthew 26:41; 1 Tim 6:11; 2 Cor 9:6-7; Col 3:2; Rom 12:2; 1 Tim 6:6-11; 3John 1:11; Hebrews 13:5-6)

The next time you have a desire to profit from someone or have a reluctance to share with someone, remember the words of Christ: “It is more blessed to give than to receive” ( Acts 20:35)

A. The commandment about greed

- in the Old Testament (Exodus 20:17; Deut 5:21; Deut 7:25)
- in the New Testament (Rom 7:7-11; Eph 5:3; Col 3:5)

B. Greed leads to other sins (1 Tim 6:10; 1 John 2:15-16)

- to deceive (Jacob) (Gen 27:18-26)
- adultery (David) (2 Kings 11:1-5)
- disobedience to God (Achan) (Joshua 7:20-21)
- hypocritical worship (Saul) (1 Samuel 15:9-23)
- murder (Ahab) (1 Samuel 21:1-14)
- theft (Gehazi) (2 Kings 5:20-24)
- troubles in the family (Proverbs 15:27)
- lies (Ananias and Sapphira) (Acts 5:1-10)

B. Being satisfied with what you have is a remedy against greed.

- commanded (Luke 3:14; 1 Tim 6:8; Hebrews 13:5)
- Pavel's experience (Phil 4:11-12)

GLUTTONY

Gluttony is a sin against the second commandment (Exodus 20:4) and there is one type of idolatry. Since gluttons value sensual pleasure above all else, then, according to the words of the apostle, they have a god in their belly, or, in other words, their belly is their idol: “Their end is destruction, their god is their belly, and their glory is in shame, they think about earthly things” ( Phil 3:19) .

Sweets can become an idol, an object of desire and constant dreams of a person. This is undoubtedly gluttony, but already in thoughts. This is also something to beware of. “Watch and pray, lest you enter into temptation: the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak” ( Matthew 26:41) .

Gluttony literally means immoderation and greed in food, leading a person to a bestial state. The point here is not only about food, but also about the uncontrollable desire to consume more than is required. However, the fight against the vice of gluttony involves not so much the volitional suppression of the urge to eat, but rather reflection on its true place in life. Food is certainly important for existence, but it should not become the meaning of life, thereby replacing concerns about the soul with concerns about the body. Let us remember the words of Christ: “Therefore I say to you, do not worry about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, nor about your body, what you will wear. Is not the life more than food, and the body than clothing" ( Matthew 6:25) . This is very important to understand because... in modern culture, gluttony is defined more as a medical illness than as a moral concept.

voluptuousness

This sin is characterized not only by extramarital sexual relations, but also by the very passionate desire for carnal pleasures. Let us turn to the words of Jesus Christ: “You have heard that it was said to the ancients: You shall not commit adultery. But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart." Matthew 5:27-28) . A person whom God has endowed with Will and Reason must be different from animals who blindly follow their instincts. Also included in lust is different kinds sexual perversions (bestiality, necrophilia, homosexuality, etc.), which are inherently contrary to human nature. (Exodus 22:19; 1 Tim 1:10; Lev 18:23-24; Lev 20:15-16; Deut 27:21; Gen 19:1-13; Lev 18:22; Rom 1:24-27; 1 Cor 6:11; 2 Cor 5:17)

The list of sins is contrasted with a list of virtues. To pride - humility; greed - generosity; envy - love; to anger - kindness; voluptuousness - self-control; to gluttony - moderation and abstinence, and to laziness - diligence. Thomas Aquinas especially singled out Faith, Hope and Love among the virtues.

Conducted by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM) showed the following:

A third of Russians most of who called themselves Orthodox, could not remember a single mortal sin.
Those who remember such sins most often name murder, theft and adultery. Murder was named a mortal sin by 43%, theft by 28%, adultery by 14% of respondents. 10% of respondents consider lying and perjury to be mortal sins, 8% - envy, 5% - pride and vanity, 4% - gluttony and gluttony. Apparently, remembering that “Russia has joy in drinking,” only 3% of respondents classified it as consumption of alcohol is a mortal sin, the same number of Russians are intolerant of fornication, anger, harming others and betrayal. 2% consider despondency, laziness, greed and greed, blasphemy, suicide and abortion to be mortal sins. 1% - anger, hatred, disrespect for parents and foul language.

P.S. I also asked myself a similar question, but I didn’t remember much myself. There was some confusion in the concepts...

A.V. Here, my dears, I was mated just now to religious discussion. I began to explain to people everything about the church, about superstitions, why fasting is needed, etc. And then I, a sinner, was asked, as a seminarian, 2 questions. First: list the 10 commandments. To be honest, I was taken by surprise, I named five commandments, completely forgot the first three... In general, I was a complete fiasco. When I came home, I set myself to learn all 10 commandments, so that later people would not take seriously everything I told them about religion. It turned out to be more difficult with the seven deadly sins. I couldn’t find any mention of them anywhere, I could only say: Murder, suicide, theft, fornication, sodomy. Maybe you can tell me?
In general, I noticed that many Orthodox Christians are not very knowledgeable in the region. of their own religious doctrine, precisely theoretically, I mean that many non-Orthodox people certainly blame us....

A.K. This is not in the Bible. Typically this refers to a list of the seven deadly sins according to Thomas Aquinas.

V.S. If we read the 10 commandments in Holy Scripture, then the 7 deadly sins are still a kind of convention. Any sin can become mortal if it is not confessed, if it is not healed, if it gives rise to a passion that has taken possession of a person...

Here's what we have on Wikipedia on this topic:

In the Christian tradition special place concepts occupy sin And repentance. Sin for Christians is not just an offense or fault, it is something contrary to human nature (after all, man is created in the image and likeness of God). Sin is the depravity of a human being. Sin is a visible manifestation of the sinful fallen nature of a human being, which he acquired during the Fall.

The focus or dwelling place of sin in a person is his flesh (fallen body). From the flesh, sin penetrates the soul and manifests itself in the form of thoughts, words, emotions, passions, actions, etc.

A person is helpless before sin and cannot cope with it on his own; only God can deliver him from this vice, therefore a person needs salvation.

Types of Sin

There are three types of sin

• Personal sin- an act against conscience and the commandments of God.
• Original sin- damage to human nature resulting from the sin of our ancestors.
• Ancestral sin- a special hereditary susceptibility to some passion in a given clan (tribe, people, etc.), caused by the serious crimes of one’s ancestor (ancestors). This concept is quite new and not recognized by everyone.

St. Macarius the Great speaks about all three types of sin: “As soon as you withdraw from the world and begin to seek God and talk about Him, you will have to fight with your nature (original sin), with your old morals (personal sin) and with the skill that (ancestral sin) is innate to you” (Conversation 32:9).

An action (or inaction), a word, a thought, a desire, a feeling can be sinful.

According to Christian doctrine, there are a number of acts that are sinful and unworthy of a true Christian. Classification of acts y on this basis based on biblical texts, especially on ten commandments of God's law and gospel commandments. Below is an approximate list of acts that are considered sins regardless of religion.

According to the Christian understanding of the Bible, a person who commits a voluntary sin (i.e., realizing that it is a sin and resistance to God), may become obsessed.

Sins against the Lord God

• pride;
• failure to fulfill the holy will of God;
• violation of commandments: ten commandments of the Law of God, gospel commandments, church commandments;
• unbelief and lack of faith;
• lack of hope for the Lord's mercy, despair;
• excessive reliance on God's mercy;
• hypocritical worship of God, without the love and fear of God;
• lack of gratitude to the Lord for all His blessings - including for the sorrows and illnesses sent down to them;
• appeal to psychics, astrologers, fortune tellers, fortune tellers;
• practicing “black” and “white” magic, witchcraft, fortune telling, spiritualism;
• superstition, belief in dreams, omens, wearing talismans, reading horoscopes even out of curiosity;
• blasphemy and grumbling against the Lord in the soul and in words;
• failure to fulfill vows made to God;
• calling on the name of God in vain, without necessity, swearing in the name of the Lord;
• blasphemous attitude towards the Holy Scriptures;
• shame and fear of professing faith;
• failure to read the Holy Scriptures;
• going to temple without diligence, laziness in prayer, absent-minded and cold prayer, absent-minded listening to readings and chants; being late for service and leaving the service early;
• disrespect for the feasts of God;
• thoughts about suicide, attempts to commit suicide;
• sexual immorality such as adultery, fornication, sodomy, sadomasochism, masturbation, etc.

Sins against one's neighbor

• lack of love for others;
• lack of love for enemies, hatred of them, wishing them harm;
• inability to forgive, repaying evil for evil;
• lack of respect for elders and to the bosses, to parents, grief and offense to parents;
• failure to fulfill a promise, non-payment of debts, open or secret appropriation of someone else's property;
• beating, attempt on someone else's life;
• killing babies in the womb ( abortions), advice to have abortions for neighbors;
• robbery, extortion;
• bribery;
• refusal to intervene for the weak and innocent, refusal to help someone in trouble;
• laziness and carelessness at work, disrespect for the work of others, irresponsibility;
• poor parenting is outside the Christian faith;
• cursing children;
• lack of mercy, stinginess;
• reluctance to visit patients;
• failure to pray for mentors, relatives, enemies;
• hardness of heart, cruelty to animals, birds;
• destruction trees needlessly;
• bickering, non-yielding to neighbors, disputes;
• slander, condemnation, slander;
• gossip, retelling other people's sins, eavesdropping on other people's conversations;
• insult, enmity with neighbors, scandals, hysteria, curses, insolence, arrogant and free behavior towards one’s neighbor, mockery;
• hypocrisy;
• anger;
• suspicion of neighbors of unseemly acts;
• deception;
• perjury;
• seductive behavior, desire to seduce;
• jealousy;
• telling dirty jokes, corruption by one’s actions of one’s neighbors (adults and minors);
• friendship for self-interest and treason.

Sins against yourself

• vanity, honoring yourself as the bestpride , lack of humility and obedience, arrogance, arrogance, spiritual egoism, suspicion;
• lies, envy;
• idle talk, ridicule;
• foul language;
• irritation, indignation, resentment, resentment, grief;
• despondency, melancholy, sadness;
• doing good deeds for show;
• laziness, spending time in idleness, sleeping a lot;
• gluttony, gluttony;
• love for the earthly and material more than for the heavenly and spiritual;
• addiction to money things, luxury, pleasures;
• excessive attention to the flesh;
• desire for earthly honors and glory;
• excessive attachment to everything earthly, various kinds of things and worldly goods;
• drug use, drunkenness;
• playing cards, gambling;
• pandering, prostitution;
• performance of obscene songs and dances;
• watching pornographic films, reading pornographic books, magazines;
• acceptance of lustful thoughts, pleasure and delay in unclean thoughts;
• defilement in a dream, fornication (sex outside marriage);
• adultery (infidelity during marriage);
• allowing liberties to the crown and perversion in married life;
• masturbation (defilement of oneself with prodigal touches), immodest viewing of wives and young men;
• sodomy;
• bestiality;
• belittling your sins, blaming your neighbors, and not condemning yourself.

The lists of the Ten Commandments in the Jewish and Christian traditions are somewhat different.

1. I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; Let you have no other gods before Me.
2. You shall not make for yourself an idol or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth below, or that is in the water under the earth; You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate Me, and showing mercy to a thousand generations of those who love Me and keep My commandments.
3. Do not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not leave without punishment the one who takes His name in vain.
4. Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy; six days thou shalt work and do all thy work in them, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God: on it thou shalt not do any work, neither thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor [thy ox]. neither your donkey, nor any of your livestock, nor the stranger who is in your gates; For in six days the Lord created heaven and earth, the sea and everything in them, and rested on the seventh day; Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and sanctified it.
5. Honor your father and your mother, so that it may go well with you and that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.
6. Thou shalt not kill.
7. Don't commit adultery.
8. Don't steal.
9. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house; You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his field, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor any of his livestock, nor anything that is your neighbor’s.

For now only sketches, to later be compressed, cut and peeled. As they say, trouble has begun...

Seven deadly sins:

• Pride (I am my own sky and moon...)
• Love of money (give me pills for greed, and more, more..)
• Fornication (I will bring them together...)
• Envy (well, the neighbors...they hide a two-room apartment in a one-room apartment...)
• Gluttony (I love pasta... cakes, salads, sprats...)
• Anger (wah, nah, zah... it was last summer...)
• Dejection (everything will be fine...it won't get any worse...)

• Love (...any phrase from a Love candy wrapper)
• Non-covetousness (no, Bobik...)
• Chastity (modesty is not a vice...it is a virtue)
• Humility (hit one, substitute the other)
• Abstinence (I want, I can, but I won’t take it...)
• Meekness (wait a minute, wait a minute, I'm writing it down...)
• Sobriety (watch yourself, be careful...)

Deadly sins that are completely undesirable to commit:

• Pride (Arrogance)
• Envy
• Gluttony (Gluttony)
• Fornication (Lust)
• Anger (Malice)
• Avarice (Greed)
• Dejection (Idleness)

So, 7 virtues as opposed to 7 deadly sins:

• Humility (Shame)
• Congratulations (Goodwill)
• Asceticism in food
• Chastity
• Kindness (Meekness)
• Selflessness (Generosity)
• Love of life (Industriousness)

Theological interpretation from St. Ignatius (Brianchaninov)
http://voliaboga.narod.ru/stati/08_03_04_poiasnenie_dobrodet.htm

The Book of Proverbs (965 - 717 BC) says that the Lord hates seven things that are disgusting to Him:

• Proud look
• Lying tongue
• Hands shedding innocent blood
• A heart that forges evil plans
• Feet running fast towards villainy
• False witness telling lies
• Sowing discord between brothers

• Γαστριμαργία
• Πορνεία
• Φιλαργυρία
• Ἀκηδία
• Κενοδοξία
• Ὑπερηφανία

• Fornicatio
• Avaritia
• Tristitia
• Vanagloria
• Superbia

• luxuria (lust)
• gula (gluttony)
• avaritia (greed)
• acedia (despondency)
• ira (anger)
• invidia (envy)
• superbia (pride)

However, in Orthodoxy there is a concept 8 sinful passions:

• Gluttony,
• Fornication,
• Love of money
• Anger,
• Sadness
• Dejection,
• Vanity,
• Pride.

Conventionally, one can try to present the concept of distortion of natural human properties and passions as follows:

Natural good from God - Sinful passion:

• The pleasure of eating in moderation is a distortion of this God-given ability and becomes the passion of gluttony.
• The pleasure in an honest marriage from the physical union of the flesh with the wife is a distortion of this God-given ability and becomes the passion of fornication.
• Possession of the material world for the glory of God as an increase in love is a distortion of this God-given ability and becomes a passion for the love of money.
• Righteous anger at evil and untruth, protecting one’s neighbor from evil is a distortion of this God-given ability, becomes a passion of anger (unrighteous) at the dissatisfaction of a need.
• The pleasure of moderate rest after work is a distortion of this God-given ability and becomes a passion for sadness (boredom, laziness)
• Joy in the soul, regardless of external circumstances - a distortion of this God-given ability, becomes a passion for despondency (despair, thoughts of suicide)
• The joy from the created creation (realized thought, word, action), which is based
• A good beginning - a distortion of God-given ability, becomes a passion of vanity
• Love for God and neighbor, humility - a distortion of God-given ability, becomes the passion of pride

Theological virtues

• Hope
• Love

• Wisdom
• Justice
• Courage
• Moderation

• Pride -- Humility
• Stinginess - Generosity
• Impurity - Chastity
• Envy -- Benevolence
• Intemperance -- Moderation
• Anger -- Meekness
• Laziness - Diligence

Theological virtues (English: Theological virtues, French: Vertus théologales, Spanish: Virtudes teologales) - categories that postulate ideal qualities person.
Composition of three Christian virtues- faith, hope, love - formulated in the First Epistle to the Corinthians (~50 AD)
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theological_virtues

The cardinal virtues (from Latin cardo "core") are a group of four cardinal virtues in Christian moral theology, based on ancient philosophy and having parallels in other cultures. The classic formula includes prudence, justice, moderation and courage.
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_virtues

In the Catholic catechism, the seven Catholic virtues refer to the combination of two lists of virtues, the 4 cardinal virtues of prudence, justice, restraint or temperance, and courage or fortitude, (from ancient Greek philosophy) and the 3 theological virtues of faith , hope, and love or charity (from the letters of Paul of Tarsus); these were adopted by the Church Fathers as the seven virtues.
The seven heavenly virtues were derived from the Psychomachia ("Contest of the Soul"), an epic poem written by Aurelius Clemens Prudentius (c. AD 410) involving the battle of good virtues and evil vices. The intense popularity of this work in the Middle Ages helped to spread the concept of holy virtue throughout Europe. Practicing these virtues is considered to protect one against temptation from the seven deadly sins, with each one having its counterpart. Due to this they are sometimes referred to as the contrary virtues. Each of the seven heavenly virtues matches a corresponding deadly sin
There's still a good sign there, but it takes a lot of fiddling to get it off
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_virtues

The text of the Ten Commandments according to the Synodal Translation of the Bible.

• I am the Lord your God; Let you have no other gods before Me.
• You shall not make for yourself an idol or any likeness of anything in the sky above, or on the earth below, or in the water under the earth. Do not worship them or serve them; For I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth [generation] of those who hate
• Me, and showing mercy to a thousand generations of those who love Me and keep My commandments.
• Do not take the name of the Lord your God in vain; for the Lord will not leave without punishment the one who takes His name in vain.
• Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy. Work six days and do all your work; and the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord your God: on it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your maidservant, nor your livestock, nor the stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the Lord created heaven and earth, the sea and everything in them; and on the seventh day he rested. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and sanctified it.
• Honor your father and your mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you.
• Dont kill.
• Don't commit adultery.
• Don't steal.
• Do not bear false witness against your neighbor.
• Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house; You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor’s.

Parchment with the text of the Decalogue from the Sephardic synagogue of Esnoga. Amsterdam. 1768 (612x502 mm)

Comparison of the texts of Ex.20:1-17 and Deut.5:4-21 (via links) in the original language, with an approximate translation into English language(KJV), allows us to more accurately understand the content of the commandments.

• You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain [literally “falsely” - that is, during an oath], for the Lord will not leave without punishment the one who takes His name in vain [falsely]. In the original it means “do not bear (Heb. תשא, tisa) the name of the Lord falsely (in vain, vaingloriously, unlawfully).” The original verb נשא nasa" means "to lift up, carry, take, exalt." Once again in a similar way the expression "to bear a name" is used only in Exodus 28:9-30, where, in reflection of the commandment, God commands the high priest Aaron to carry on his shoulders in the sanctuary are the names of the tribes of the children of Israel, carved on two onyx stones.Thus, the one who professes faith in the God of Israel, according to the commandment, becomes the bearer of His name, bearing responsibility for how he represents God to others.Texts Old Testament describe cases where the name of God is profaned by the hypocrisy of men and the false representation of God or His character. Joseph Telushkin, a Modern Orthodox rabbi, also writes that this commandment means much more than prohibiting casual mention of God's name. He points out that a more literal translation of "lo tissa" would be "You shall not carry" rather than "You shall not take", and that thinking about this helps everyone understand why the commandment is equated with others such as "Thou shalt not kill" and "Thou shalt not kill". Thou shalt not commit adultery."
• Don't kill. In the original: "לֹא תִרְצָח". The verb used "רְצָח" denotes immoral premeditated murder (cf. English murder), as opposed to any killing at all, for example, as a result of an accident, in self-defense, during war or by court decision (cf. English kill). (Since the Bible itself prescribes the death penalty by court order for breaking certain commandments, this verb cannot mean murder at all, under any circumstances)
• Thou shalt not commit adultery [in the original this word usually refers only to sexual relations between married woman and a man who is not her husband]. According to another opinion, this commandment includes all the so-called “prohibitions of incest,” including incest and bestiality.
• Don't steal. The prohibition against theft of property is also set forth in Lev. 19:11. Oral tradition interprets the content of the commandment “Thou shalt not steal” in the Ten Commandments as prohibiting the abduction of a person for the purpose of enslavement. Since the previous commandments “do not kill” and “do not commit adultery” speak of sins punishable by death, one of the principles of interpretation of the Torah prescribes that continuation should be understood as a severely punishable crime.
• “Thou shalt not covet...” This commandment includes the prohibition of theft of property. According to Jewish tradition, theft is also “the theft of an image,” that is, the creation misrepresentation about an object, event, person (deception, flattery, etc.)

Eastern philosophy also had its own lists of main virtues.
In Confucianism, these were identified as

• ren (philanthropy),
• and (justice, sense of duty),
• li (decency),
• zhi (knowledge, intelligence)
• and xin (truthfulness).

• master and servant
• parents and children,
• husband and wife,
• older and younger,
• between friends.

Yama (Skt. यम) - (in yoga) these are ethical restrictions or universal moral precepts. Yama is the first stage of Ashtanga yoga (eight limb yoga), described in the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali.

“Yama” includes five basic principles (according to the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali):

• ahimsa—non-violence;
• satya—truthfulness;
• asteya - non-appropriation of someone else's property (non-stealing);
• brahmacharya - abstinence; control of lust and preservation of chastity before marriage; internal composure, non-promiscuity;
• aparigraha - non-acquisitiveness (non-acceptance of gifts), non-accumulation, non-attachment.

Niyama (Sanskrit: नियम) - spiritual principles in dharmic religions; “the adoption, cultivation, practice and development of positive virtues, good thoughts and the adoption of these virtues as one’s system.” The second stage of Ashtanga yoga.

The Niyama level consists of five basic principles:

• Shaucha - purity, both external (cleanliness) and internal (purity of mind).
• Santosha - modesty, satisfaction with the present, optimism.
• Tapas is self-discipline, diligence in achieving a spiritual goal.
• Svadhyaya - knowledge, study of spiritual and scientific literature, formation of a culture of thinking.
• Ishvara-pranidhana - accepting Ishvara (God) as one’s goal, the only ideal in life.