Factor VII (Coagulation Factor VII). Factor vii (blood clotting factor vii)

lyophilisate for preparation. solution for intravenous administration 600 IU: vial. 1 PC. included with solvent, syringe, disposable needle, transfer needle, filtering needle, aeration needle. and d/transfusion system Reg. No.: P N016158/01

Clinical and pharmacological group:

Blood clotting factor VII drug

Release form, composition and packaging

Lyophilisate for preparing a solution for intravenous administration white or slightly colored, in the form of a powder or friable solid.

Excipients: sodium citrate dihydrate, sodium chloride, heparin.

Solvent: water for d/i - 10 ml.

Vials (1) complete with solvent (vial), disposable syringe, disposable needle, transfer needle, filter needle, aeration needle and transfusion system - cardboard packs.

Description of the active components of the drug " Factor vii (blood clotting factor vii)»

pharmachologic effect

Factor VII is one of the vitamin K-dependent factors in normal human plasma, a component of the extrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation system. It is a zymogen of the serine protease factor VIla, which initiates the extrinsic coagulation pathway. Introduction of concentrate human factor VII increases the concentration of factor VII in plasma and provides temporary correction of a defect in the blood coagulation system in patients with factor VII deficiency.

Indications

Treatment and prevention of blood clotting disorders caused by hereditary or acquired factor VII deficiency;

- acute bleeding and prevention of bleeding during surgical interventions in patients with congenital factor VII deficiency (hypo- or aproconvertinemia);

— acute bleeding and prevention of bleeding during surgical interventions with acquired factor VII deficiency due to oral anticoagulants;

- vitamin K deficiency (for example, if its absorption in the gastrointestinal tract is impaired, with prolonged parenteral nutrition);

— liver failure(for example, with hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, severe toxic damage liver).

Dosage regimen

The duration of replacement therapy and dose depend on the severity of factor VII deficiency, the location and extent of bleeding or hemorrhage, and clinical condition sick. The prescribed dose of factor VII is calculated in international units (IU) according to current WHO standards for preparations containing factor VII. Factor VII activity in plasma can be calculated as a percentage of normal and in international units.

One international unit of factor VII activity is equivalent to the activity of factor VII in 1 ml of normal human plasma.

The required dose is calculated based on the empirical observation that with the introduction of 1 IU of factor VII per 1 kg of body weight, the activity of factor VII in plasma increases by 1.7%.

The required dose is calculated using the following formula:

Required dose (ME) = body weight (kg) x desired increase in factor VII activity (%) x 0.6

When determining the dose and frequency of drug administration in each specific case clinical effect should be taken into account.

When choosing an administration interval, it should be taken into account that T1/2 factor VII is very short - approximately 3-5 hours.

If it is necessary to maintain for a long time high level factor VII in plasma, the drug should be administered at intervals of 8-12 hours.

No dose adjustment is required for liver diseases.

Method of administration

A solution for intravenous administration from factor VII lyophilisate should be prepared immediately before administration. Use only the included administration kit. The solution should be clear or slightly opalescent. Do not use the solution if it is cloudy or contains mechanical impurities. All used materials and unused solution must be disposed of in accordance with established rules.

Preparation of a solution from lyophilized concentrate

1. Heat the closed bottle with the solvent to room temperature (not higher than 37°C).

2. Remove the protective caps from the bottles containing factor VII concentrate and solvent, and disinfect the rubber stoppers on both bottles.

3. Turn and then remove the protective packaging from one end of the adapter needle included in the kit. Pierce the rubber stopper of the solvent bottle with this end of the needle.

4. Carefully remove the protective packaging from the other end of the adapter needle, without touching the needle itself.

5. Turn the bottle with the solvent over and pierce the rubber stopper of the bottle with factor VII concentrate with the free end of the adapter needle. Due to the vacuum, the solvent will flow into the vial containing the factor VII concentrate.

6. Disconnect the bottles by removing the adapter needle from the bottle with factor VII concentrate. To dissolve the concentrate more quickly, carefully rotate and rock the bottle.

7. To deposit the foam after the concentrate has completely dissolved, insert the supplied air duct needle into the bottle. Remove the air duct needle after the foam has settled.

IV jet injection

1. Turn and then remove the protective packaging from the filter needle and attach it to a sterile disposable syringe. Draw the solution into a syringe.

2. Disconnect the filter needle from the syringe, attach a butterfly needle or a disposable injection needle and inject the IV solution slowly (at a rate of no more than 2 ml/min).

3. When administered at home, the patient must put all used materials in the drug packaging and hand it over to medical institution, where it is observed for control.

IV drip administration

For intravenous drip administration, a disposable transfusion system with a filter should be used.

Side effect

Rarely development is observed allergic reactions(such as urticaria, nausea, vomiting, bronchospasm, decreased blood pressure), in some cases - severe anaphylaxis (including shock).

In rare cases fever was noted. When treated with prothrombin complex factors, one of which is factor VII, thromboembolic complications are possible, especially in cases where high doses of the drug are prescribed and/or in patients with risk factors for thromboembolism.

Contraindications

— disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) syndrome and/or hyperfibrinolysis until the underlying causes are eliminated;

- a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia;

- age up to 6 years;

— increased sensitivity to the drug or any of its components.

Due to the risk of developing thromboembolic complications, a drug with special care should be used in patients with a history of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, liver disease, as well as in patients with postoperative period, newborns and persons at high risk of developing thromboembolism or disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. In these cases it is necessary to correlate possible benefit from the use of Factor VII with the risk of developing these complications.

Pregnancy and lactation

The safety of Factor VII during pregnancy has not been confirmed by controlled studies. clinical studies. Therefore, Factor VII can be prescribed during pregnancy and lactation only according to strict indications

Use for liver dysfunction

The drug should be prescribed with caution for liver diseases.

Application for children

Contraindicated in children under 6 years of age.

special instructions

Since Factor VII is a protein preparation, allergic reactions may occur. Patients should be informed about early symptoms allergies, such as urticaria (including generalized), chest tightness, wheezing, drop in blood pressure and anaphylaxis. If these symptoms occur, patients should immediately interrupt treatment and contact their doctor.

If shock develops, you should act in accordance with established regulations. this moment rules for the treatment of shock.

Based on the experience with the use of human plasma prothrombin complex, we can talk about an increased risk of thromboembolic complications and disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients receiving human plasma factor VII.

In theory, replacement therapy factor VII may lead to the development of factor VII inhibitors in the patient. However, until now in clinical practice no such case has been described.

The amount of sodium in the maximum daily dose may exceed 200 mg, which should be taken into account when used in patients on a low-sodium diet.

Factor VII is produced from human plasma. When administering drugs made from human blood or plasma, the possibility of transmission of viruses cannot be completely excluded. This also applies to pathogens whose nature is currently unknown.

The risk of virus transmission is minimized as a result of a number of safety measures, namely:

— donor selection based on data medical examination and screening the blood and plasma of each donor, as well as plasma pools, for HBsAg and antibodies to HIV and hepatitis C viruses;

— testing plasma pools for the presence of genomic material of hepatitis A, B and C viruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2, as well as parvovirus B19;

— application of virus inactivation/removal methods in the production process. Using pathogen viruses and/or model viruses, the effectiveness of these methods against hepatitis A, B and C viruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2 has been established.

However, the effectiveness of current virus inactivation/removal methods may not be sufficient for some non-enveloped viruses, such as parvovirus B19, as well as for currently unknown viruses. Infection with parvovirus B19 can be dangerous for pregnant women (infection of the fetus), as well as for people with immunodeficiency or increased production of red blood cells (for example, hemolytic anemia).

Vaccination against hepatitis A and B is recommended for patients receiving human plasma factor VII.

There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend the use of Factor VII in children under 6 years of age.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery

No effect on the ability to drive a car or operate moving machinery was noted.

Overdose

When using large doses of drugs containing factor VII, cases of myocardial infarction, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, venous thrombosis and thromboembolism pulmonary artery. Therefore, in case of overdose in patients with risk factors for thromboembolic complications or disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, the likelihood of developing these complications increases.

Drug interactions

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

The drug is available with a prescription.

Storage conditions and periods

The drug should be stored out of the reach of children at a temperature of 2° to 8°C. Shelf life - 3 years.

Drug interactions

INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS

No interactions of human plasma Factor VII with others medicines was not noted.

Before administration, Factor VII should not be mixed with other drugs. When using a venous catheter, it is recommended to flush it with isotonic saline solution before and after the introduction of Factor VII.

Effect on laboratory parameters:

In patients receiving large doses of Factor VII, when performing heparin-sensitive coagulation tests, the presence of heparin in the drug should be taken into account. If necessary, the effect of heparin can be neutralized by adding protamine to the test sample.

The marker is associated with changes in the structure of factor VII of the blood clotting system. It is being studied to identify genetic resistance to myocardial infarction and the risk of developing thromboembolic complications.

Gene name -F7

OMIM*613878

Localization of the gene on the chromosome– 13q34

Gene function

Gene F7 encodes coagulation factor VII (proconvertin), a protein synthesized in the liver that regulates blood clotting, acting as an activator of coagulation factors X (F10) and IX (F9) in the presence of vitamin K.

Genetic markerF7 G10976A

The DNA section of the F7 gene in which guanine (G) is replaced by adenine (A) at position 10976 is designated as genetic marker F7 G10976A. Consequently, the biochemical properties of the enzyme change, in which the amino acid arginine is replaced with glutamine.

G10976A – replacement of guanine (G) with adenine (A) at position 10976 of the DNA sequence encoding the F7 protein.

Arg353Gln is a replacement of the amino acid arginine with glutamine in the amino acid sequence of the F7 protein.

Possible genotypes

Frequency of occurrence in the population

The frequency of occurrence of the A allele in the European population is 10%.

Association of marker with diseases

• Thromboembolism
• Myocardial infarction

Description

The hemostasis system is a set of biochemical processes that ensure the liquid state of the blood and maintain its normal rheological properties(viscosity), preventing and stopping bleeding. It includes factors of the coagulation, natural anticoagulation and fibrinolytic systems of the blood. Normally, the processes in it are balanced, which ensures the liquid state of the blood. The displacement of this equilibrium due to internal or external factors may increase the risk of bleeding and blood clots.

Gene F7 encodes blood coagulation factor VII (proconvertin, F7), a vitamin K-dependent proenzyme produced in the liver. The main physiological role of F7 is the activation of blood coagulation factor X (F10). After vascular injury, F7 binds to tissue factor III (TFA) and becomes active. This reaction is a major event in the blood clotting process. The complex of TFA and F7 serves to activate factor IX (F9), X (F10) and factor VII (F7). Activated factor X (Xa), in turn, is involved in the processes of activation of prothrombin and its transition to thrombin. Factor VII can also be activated by factors XIIa, IXa, Xa and IIa.

Gene changes F7 in most cases they have a protective effect regarding the risk of thromboembolism. The replacement of guanine (G) with adenine (A) at position 10976 (genetic marker G10976A) leads to a change in the biochemical properties of factor VII, in which the amino acid arginine is replaced with glutamine. The decrease in F7 activity as a result of replacement helps reduce thrombus formation. The A/A genotype causes a 72% decrease in F7 enzyme activity compared to the wild type (G/G genotype).

The marker is associated with a reduced likelihood of myocardial infarction, even in the presence of angiographically documented, severe coronary atherosclerosis. Heterozygotes (carriers of one allele A and one G, genotype A/G) have a risk of myocardial infarction that is 2 times lower than carriers of two alleles G (genotype G/G).

Interpretation of results

Genotype assessment by marker:

• G/G – normal F7 protein activity
• G/A – F7 protein activity is moderately reduced
• A/A – F7 protein activity is significantly reduced

The interpretation of the study results should be carried out by a doctor in conjunction with other genetic, anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data.

Important Notes

For this marker there is no concept of “norm” and “pathology”, since gene polymorphism is being studied.

Introduced for the first time

Real pharmacopoeial monograph applies to human coagulation factor VII preparations obtained from human plasma for fractionation.

Human blood coagulation factor VII is a protein fraction of human blood plasma containing single-chain glycoprotein coagulation factor VII and small amounts activated form double-chain derivative of factor VIIa.

Preparations of human blood coagulation factor VII may contain coagulation factors II, IX, X, protein C and protein S, the content of which is determined in the finished preparation. Human blood clotting factor VII preparations do not contain preservatives or antibiotics.

PRODUCTION

To produce human blood coagulation factor VII preparations, blood plasma from healthy donors is used that meets the requirements of the FS.

The production technology includes stages of removal or inactivation of infectious agents. If chemical compounds are used to inactivate viruses in production, their concentration should be reduced to a level that does not affect the safety of the drug for patients. No antimicrobial preservatives are used during the production process. The production method must ensure that there is no possibility of activation of thrombin-forming coagulation factors.

The drug may contain stabilizers (albumin, polysorbate, sodium chloride, sodium citrate, calcium chloride, glycine, lysine, heparin, antithrombin, etc.). Factor VII activity should be at least 2 IU per mg of protein before adding protein stabilizers. The drug solution is aseptically packaged in primary packaging using sterilizing filtration, lyophilized and sealed under vacuum or in an inert gas atmosphere.

TESTS

Description

The drug is an amorphous hygroscopic mass in the form of a tablet or powder of white or pale yellow color (if in regulatory documentation no other indications). The determination is carried out visually.

Authenticity

Species specificity

Confirmed by the presence of only human serum proteins. The test is carried out by gel immunoelectrophoresis using sera against human, bovine, equine and porcine serum proteins in accordance with. It is acceptable to carry out the gel immunodiffusion test in accordance with. The test should detect precipitation lines only with serum against human serum proteins.

FactorVII

Confirmed by the presence of factor VII activity. The test is carried out using the chromogenic or coagulometer method. The determination is carried out in accordance with.

Time to receive reconstituted drug

No more than 10 minutes (unless there are other instructions in the regulatory documentation). A description of the method is provided, indicating the solvent used, its volume and dissolution conditions (temperature of the solvent, the need for stirring, etc.).

Water

No more than 2%. The determination is carried out by K. Fisher's method in accordance with (unless there are other instructions in the regulatory documentation). The method of determination and the amount of sample required for testing are indicated in the regulatory documentation.

Mechanical inclusions

There should be no visible mechanical inclusions. The determination is carried out in accordance with. The regulatory documentation indicates the name of the solvent, describes the method of recovery and (if necessary) preparation of the drug.

pH

from 6.5 to 7.5. The determination is carried out by the potentiometric method in accordance with.

Osmolality

Not less than 240 mOsm/kg. The determination is carried out in accordance with.

Protein

The quantitative protein content per bottle or ml of reconstituted solution is indicated in the regulatory documentation. The determination is carried out suitable method in accordance with .

Heparin (for medications containing heparin)

No more than 0.5 IU per 1 IU of blood coagulation factor VII. The determination is carried out by the chromogenic method in accordance with.

Thrombin

Must be missing. The determination is carried out using the coagulometric method in accordance with (test for the absence of thrombin).

Activated clotting factors blood

For each of the dilutions (1:10, 1:100), the clotting time must be at least 150 C. The determination is carried out by the coagulometric method in accordance with.

VIIperson

Not less than 15 IU per ml of reconstituted drug. The determination is carried out by the chromogenic method or the coagulometric method in accordance with.

Specific activity

Must be at least 2 IU per mg of protein (in the absence of protein stabilizers).

The specific activity of the drug is calculated using the formula:

Clotting factor activityII

The activity of blood coagulation factor II per bottle or ml of reconstituted solution is indicated in the regulatory documentation. The determination is carried out by a chromogenic or coagulometric method in accordance with specific activity = activity of blood coagulation factor VII / protein content

Clotting factor activityIX

The activity of blood coagulation factor IX per bottle or ml of reconstituted solution is indicated in the regulatory documentation. The determination is carried out using the coagulometer method in accordance with.

Note

For testing, prepare a reconstituted solution of the drug (the reconstitution method is indicated in the manufacturer’s regulatory documentation). If heparin is present in the preparation, it is neutralized by adding protamine sulfate at the rate of 10 μg of protamine sulfate per 1 IU of heparin.

Clotting factor activityX

The activity of blood coagulation factor X per bottle or ml of reconstituted solution is indicated in the regulatory documentation. The determination is carried out using a chromogenic or coagulometric method in accordance with.

Stabilizer(s)

Quantitative determination of the stabilizer(s) added to the drug is carried out in accordance with and/or, if there are no other instructions in the regulatory documentation.

The permissible limit for the content of stabilizer(s) must be specified in the regulatory documentation.

Virus-activating agents

Quantitative determination of the residual content of the virus inactivating agent(s) in the preparation is carried out in accordance with and/or, if there are no other instructions in the regulatory documentation. The permissible limit for the content of virus inactivating agent(s) must be specified in the regulatory documentation.

Sterility

The drug must be sterile. The test is carried out in accordance with.

Pyrogenicity or actorial endotoxins

Must be pyrogen-free or contain bacterial endotoxins in an amount of no more than 0.1 EU per 1 IU of blood coagulation factor VII.

The test is carried out in accordance with (at least 30 IU of blood coagulation factor VII per 1 kg of animal weight; the volume of the administered drug should not exceed 10 ml per 1 kg of animal weight) or with the method specified in the regulatory documentation.

Virus safety

Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg)

The drug should not contain the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus. The determination is carried out enzyme immunoassay method using test systems approved for use in Russian healthcare practice and having a sensitivity of at least 0.1 IU/ml in accordance with the instructions for use.

Antibodies to hepatitis C virus

Antibodies to the hepatitis C virus must be absent. The determination is carried out by the enzyme immunoassay method using test systems approved for use in Russian healthcare practice and having 100% sensitivity and specificity in accordance with the instructions for use.

Antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2)and HIV-1 p24 antigen

The drug should not contain antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and HIV-1 p24 antigen. The determination is carried out by the enzyme immunoassay method using test systems approved for use in Russian healthcare practice and having 100% sensitivity and specificity in accordance with the instructions for use.

Packageand labeling

X wound

Store in a place protected from light at a temperature of 2 to 8 ° C, unless otherwise indicated in the regulatory documentation.

Blood clotting factor VII, or proconvertin, as it is also called, is formed in the liver and depends on the presence of vitamin K in the body. Factor VII activates blood clotting factor X. Active form factor VII is formed after vascular injury when factor VII binds to factor III. This is one of the main reactions that ensure blood clotting. In addition to factor III, factor VII can also be activated by coagulation factors XIIa, IXa, Xa and IIa.

Genetic mutations Factor VII may lead to decreased blood clotting and a weakening of the thrombus formation process. For example, this happens when guanine is replaced at position 10976 by adenine, causing the amino acid arginine to give way to glutamine.

Normal factor VII in the blood. Explanation of the result (table)

A factor VII blood test is performed to assess a patient's likelihood of having a myocardial infarction and to understand possible reasons spontaneous abortion.

Blood is drawn from a vein, in the morning, on an empty stomach.

Normal level of factor VII in the blood ordinary people and pregnant women:

If factor VII is elevated, what does this mean?

No data.

If factor VII is low, what does this mean?

Factor VII deficiency may be hereditary. This disease was first described in 1951. Bleeding from small vessels is usually detected immediately after the birth of a child; they take the form of small hematomas, the development of gastric or umbilical bleeding. But even if this was not immediately noticed, congenital factor VII deficiency will certainly manifest itself in the first two years of a child’s life. Bleeding from any injury or surgical intervention becomes especially severe; in women, congenital factor VII deficiency manifests itself in the form of extremely heavy monthly bleeding. Extremely high likelihood of developing hemorrhagic stroke due to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage.

The disease generally resembles hemophilia. With it, the danger of hemorrhages in the joints also remains, but they do not happen so often and do not lead to the development of osteoarthritis.

The disease may be mild, moderate or severe degree. At mild degree hemorrhages from blood vessels may not appear at all, and reduced blood clotting only manifests itself during injuries and operations.

Acquired hypoproconvetrinemia (that’s what this pathology is called) is usually caused by liver disease or after treatment indirect anticoagulants. Reduced rate factor VII in the blood, usually observed with the following diseases:

• viral hepatitis,
• acute alcoholic hepatitis,
• cirrhosis of the liver,
• chronic persistent hepatitis.

By monitoring the activity of factor VII, the onset of liver failure can be monitored.

Blood is one of the most important parts human body. This liquid substance nourishes all organs and tissues of our body. Normally, an adult has from 3500 to 5000 ml of blood in the body. And in order for this amount to be maintained, nature provides for the process of stopping blood in case of wounds. Let's look at blood clotting factors. , and what significance it has for human life.

What is hemostasis

In our body, blood must be maintained in a liquid state in order to provide all organs and tissues with the necessary nutrients and oxygen. At the same time, if necessary, the liquid substance must turn into a jelly-like substance so that the person does not die from blood loss. And after the jelly-like clot has completed its mission, it must again take on a liquid state. This process of regulating the state of the blood is called hemostasis.

Hemostasis is very complex mechanism, which involves dozens of substances. If this process fails, a person may face many diseases that are life-threatening. Hemostasis is influenced by coagulation factors in the blood.

Coagulation

Coagulation or - is it defense mechanism body from heavy blood loss. Today, approximately half of humanity has problems with coagulation. It is because of them that such terrible diseases such as thrombosis, heart attack, stroke, extensive bleeding. Every tenth person dies as a result of untimely treatment of these blood pathologies, and every second person does not even suspect that he has a coagulation disorder.

Coagulation is a sequential series of processes, each of which triggers the next. If there is a failure at any stage of coagulation, a pathology occurs that prevents normal blood clotting. Today, scientists have identified the main phases of blood clotting, these are:

• The appearance of prothrombin.
• The appearance of thrombin.
• Fibrin activation.

The last phase of stopping bleeding is the narrowing and dissolution of the blood clot, which turns into an initially liquid state.

Factors influencing coagulation

Two main categories of molecules are responsible for blood clotting in our body - plasma and platelet. Plasma hemostasis occurs with the participation of proteins that are involved in the formation of a blood clot. How many factors influence hemostasis? The table of plasma factors consists of 13 elements, which are designated in medicine by Roman numerals.

Each of these components plays its role in the formation of fibrin.

In addition to the numbered coagulation factors, there are several additional plasma substances that are responsible for the reaction of all components.

Platelet-derived clotting factors are components of platelets, related to the components that are responsible for the clotting of red blood cells. There are 10 of them in medicine. If there is a deficiency or excess of one of the components, a failure in coagulation occurs and the blood clots more slowly than normal.

13 plasma factors

Additional plasma clotting factors also take part in coagulation.

Coagulation factors in the blood include components: von Willebrand, Fletcher, Fitzgerald. These components are involved in the activation of other factors, and if they are deficient, the coagulation chain can be disrupted.

A deficiency of one or more clotting factors leads to the development of a pathology called coagulopathy, which is a blood clotting disorder. Coagulopathy can be caused by both hereditary and acquired causes. TO hereditary factors development of the disease include:

• Deficiency of components 8 and 9, 10 factors.
• Deficiency of components 5, 7, 10 and 11 factors.
• Deficiency of components of other factors.

Acquired factors:

• DIC syndrome.
• Purchased inhibitors.
• Deficiency of prothrombin factors.
• Heparin preparations, etc.

Platelet factors

Platelet-derived clotting factors in the blood are contained directly in platelets - red blood cells. Today, scientists say that their number exceeds 10, but the exact number is still in question. Medical textbooks today list 12 blood clotting molecules:

• Thrombin protein.
• Fibrin trigger accelerator.
• Phospholipoprotein.
• Heparin inhibitor.
• Agglutinabelin.
• Fibrin breakdown inhibitor.
• Prothrombin breakdown inhibitor.
• Retractosin.
• Serotonin.
• Cothromboplastin.
• Fibrin activator.
• ADP is responsible for platelet aggregation.

Factors affecting blood clotting

In order to maintain their health in order, every person should know the factors that accelerate and slow down blood clotting. This knowledge will help to avoid the development of life-threatening conditions and timely establish the coagulation system. Impaired hemostasis at any stage can lead to either extensive bleeding or the formation of blood clots. Both are life-threatening.

Low blood clotting. This condition is dangerous due to the occurrence of fatal internal bleeding. The reasons for the development of pathology can be:

• Genetic disorders.
• Oncological diseases at a late stage.
• Blood thinning drugs.
• Lack of vitamin K.
• Lack of calcium.
• Liver diseases.

Treatment of this pathology depends on the causes of its development. The drugs are prescribed by a hematologist. If the cause of poor clotting is drug treatment, you need to limit your medications or replace them with gentler drugs.

This pathology is dangerous due to the formation of blood clots in blood vessels, veins and arteries. When an artery becomes blocked, the organs it feeds die. The danger also lies in the possibility of a blood clot breaking off, which can clog the vital arteries of the lungs and heart, this leads to fatal outcome. The main reasons for the development of this disorder are:

• Infectious diseases.
• Low physical activity.
• Atherosclerosis.
• Dehydration.
• Hereditary factors.
• Diabetes.
• Excess weight.
• Pregnancy.
• Autoimmune diseases.
• Stress.
• Oncological diseases.

When treating this pathology main goal doctors is to reduce blood clotting to normal level. For these purposes, special drugs are used - anticoagulants. Their use should be under the strict supervision of the attending physician. First, the patient is prescribed a course of heparin, and then aspirin therapy is administered.

For hereditary thrombophelia, aspirin is prescribed in small doses in infancy.

A blood clotting function test must be performed before any surgical intervention, in order to exclude possible complications. This study is also prescribed for pregnant women and for certain patient complaints. Usually increased coagulability observed in elderly patients.

If you have been diagnosed with a blood clotting disorder, there is no need to panic. This means that you need to take more care of your health. Any medicine should be taken only after consulting a doctor. It is also necessary to take all tests to find out the cause of the disorder. If you do not delay treatment and follow all the doctor’s recommendations, the disease will quickly recede and your life will return to a healthy direction.

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