Types of technical means of rehabilitation of the disabled. Regional Public Organization of the Disabled "Perspektiva

Among the technical means of rehabilitation there are various devices that facilitate the daily life of a sick person. These are crutches, prostheses, wheelchairs, hearing aids and more.

Means of rehabilitation include mechanisms, products, electronic devices and other devices that facilitate the daily life of the patient, as well as close people caring for him. The main purpose of these products is rehabilitation after an operation or providing the maximum comfortable conditions life for the handicapped.

What are technical means of rehabilitation

For the disabled, as well as people with poor health, a number of technical means of rehabilitation (TSR) have been developed to ensure a normal lifestyle and fulfill basic needs - the ability to fulfill physiological needs, self-service skills, move normally, etc.

The list of technical means of rehabilitation is formed in accordance with federal law No. 181. At the same time, each patient can count on receiving these funds free of charge in the prescribed amount from the social security authorities, in accordance with the procedure established by the individual rehabilitation program - IPR.

Based on this program, a specific amount is allocated, within which it is possible to obtain a complete set of technical means at the expense of the budget. This list includes apparatus and devices for the recovery of the patient, for example, from complications of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, funds for bedridden patients. In this case, the patient can purchase additional funds at their own expense, for example, in accordance with the recommendations of a doctor.

The specified federal law provides for the provision of disabled people with technical means of rehabilitation of the following types:

• assistive devices for self-care, basic needs (e.g. toilet seat)
• care products;
• auxiliary mechanisms for learning, the ability to fully perform labor activities;
• tools to help navigate in space, including specially trained guide dogs;
• prosthetic products, including prosthetic eyes, hearing aids, etc.;
• sports equipment;
• movement mechanisms.

All these devices can only issue organs social protection on the basis of relevant medical reports, orders and other regulations.

The right to use arises for a temporary period, for example, for a year before the next medical examination or indefinitely, for example, for disabled children who have received a group since childhood.

Classification of product types

A complete list of technical means of rehabilitation of the disabled can be found in normative documents, for example, in the "Classification", which is approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 214n. The document contains a list of names (nomenclature) of various medical devices and devices. Their classification is based on different indicators, but predominantly different kinds grouped depending on the group of disability and specific diseases - impaired hearing, vision, etc.

Self-service facilities

First of all, they allocate technical means of rehabilitation (tcp) for self-service of a person. They allow normal satisfaction of natural physiological needs, and this can be done independently or with minimal help from outsiders.

Briefly, the list of these funds can be classified as follows:

1. Pampers, which rely as a rehabilitation tool for bedridden patients, for example, after a stroke or diseases associated with cardiology.

Note! Along with diapers for a child, there are special products for adults.

1. Toilet chairs. Wheelchair users who are not paralyzed, but at the same time experience significant mobility problems, use toilet chairs. They can be placed next to the bed.

1. Devices for gripping objects are means of rehabilitation that are suitable not only for the disabled, but also for people suffering from diseases of the musculoskeletal system. With the help of such simple devices, you can reach a fallen object, as well as a thing that is located unattainably high.

1. Similarly, such patients need to use devices for putting on clothes or self-shoeing slippers, boots, and other types of shoes. Especially for them, frames are provided for tightening, putting on socks / stockings, fastening buttons, holding hats, etc.

Devices and mechanisms for movement

These devices allow a person to move comfortably and safely. The patient can move independently, he can also be seated and less often put in a chair to move with the help stranger. The most common devices are:

1. , as well as . Shown at the first stage of rehabilitation after fractures, dislocations and other leg injuries.
2. - for the movement of a patient with poor health: the elderly, people with impaired body coordination, neurological patients, completely or partially paralyzed. There are mechanical and electrical devices, the latter allow you to move completely autonomously, without the help of another person.
3. serve as a reliable support for movement around the room or on the street. They can be equipped with wheels (so-called rollators) for more comfortable movement.

Note! Each technical means of rehabilitation of the disabled has its own indications for use, as well as instructions and guidelines, presentations describing the features of use. The brochure should be read first, even if the terms of use are intuitive.

Hearing aids

The main mechanism in this case is the hearing aid. It is an electronic, fully automated device that greatly enhances sound wave, so that a patient with severe hearing impairment can recognize human speech and other sounds.

Apparatus and means for visual impairment

There are several remedies for blind people technical rehabilitation- the current list for the disabled is as follows:

1. , which allow you to determine by touch the nature of the surface, nearby objects, as well as attract the attention of other passers-by (due to red transverse stripes).

1. Guide dogs undergo special training, after which they accompany a blind owner for several years.

Prostheses

In general, a prosthesis is a means of rehabilitation for people with disabilities or people with health problems, which partially or completely replaces the function of a certain part of the body, limb: arms, legs (for example, hip joint with a hip fracture). To date, developed very a large number of various prostheses, for example:

• shoulder
• finger;
• forearm;
• hips;
• feet
• sky;
• ear prosthesis;
• nasal prosthesis and many others.

The main purpose of these products is adequate replacement corresponding part of the body, unloading the body, the ability to maintain the ability to move (for example, a knee joint prosthesis).

The cost of various means of rehabilitation

Technical means of rehabilitation for the disabled and other patients with poor health can be bought at pharmacies, specialized orthopedic stores, as well as on websites on the Internet. The price depends on several factors - the manufacturer, warranty, material of manufacture, etc. As a rule, delivery is paid separately.

It is carried out throughout the country - as in major cities(Moscow, St. Petersburg, Krasnodar), and in small ones (Irkutsk, Novokuznetsk). Delivery available up to small settlements, for example, in the Krasnodar Territory, the Omsk Region and in all other regions. Goods are also delivered to other countries - for example, to Ukraine, China. Under certain conditions (for example, a purchase from 5000 rubles), delivery is free of charge.

Table 1. Overview of means of rehabilitation

Note! When selecting a specific mechanism or device, you must make sure that it is in normal technical condition(especially if we are talking about used goods). It is best to choose goods not earlier than 2013 of production (preferably not earlier than 2015-2016).

You can get acquainted with the latest technical means of rehabilitation in the video material:

Each tool in one way or another makes the patient's life more comfortable. For correct use it is necessary to carefully select the most suitable model, if necessary, consult a doctor before buying.

Article 10 federal law dated November 24, 1995 No. 181-ФЗ “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation”, the state guarantees disabled people to carry out rehabilitation measures, receive technical equipment and services at the expense of the federal budget.

Rules for providing disabled people with technical means of rehabilitation and certain categories citizens from among veterans with prostheses (except for dentures), prosthetic and orthopedic products approved by government decree dated 07.04.2008 No. 240.

Guaranteed rehabilitation measures defined by the federal list of technical means of rehabilitation and services provided to a disabled person, approved by the order of the government of the Russian Federation No. 2347-r dated December 30, 2005.

It is planned to provide the disabled with the following technical means of rehabilitation

2. Wheelchairs with manual drive, with electric drive, small-sized.

3. Prostheses, including endoprostheses, and orthoses.

4. Orthopedic shoes.

5. Anti-decubitus mattresses and pillows.

6. Devices for dressing, undressing and grabbing objects.

7. Special clothing.

8. Special devices for reading "talking books" for optical correction of low vision.

9. Guide dogs with a set of equipment.

10. Medical thermometers and tonometers with speech output.

11. Light and vibration sound signaling devices.

12. Hearing aids, including those with custom made earmolds.

13. Televisions with teletext for receiving programs with closed captions.

14. Telephone devices with text output.

16. Special means for violations of the functions of excretion (urinary and colostomy bags).

17. Absorbent underwear, diapers.

18. Chairs with sanitary equipment.

Provided according to the list the following types services:

Repair of technical means of rehabilitation, including prosthetic and orthopedic products.

Sign language translation services.

An application for the provision of a technical means (product) is submitted by a disabled person (veteran) or a person representing his interests, in territorial body of the fund social insurance at the place of residence with the presentation of a passport or identity document of a person representing the interests of a disabled person (veteran) and a document confirming his authority to represent the interests of a disabled person, and.

The authorized body considers the application within 15 days from the date of its receipt and notifies the disabled person (veteran) in writing of registration for the provision of a technical device (product). Simultaneously with the notification, the authorized body issues to the disabled (veteran) a referral to receive or manufacture a technical device (product).

In case of violation of the period established for issuing a referral for obtaining or manufacturing a technical means of rehabilitation, or in case of refusal to provide technical means of rehabilitation, a disabled person or his representative has the right to apply for protection of violated rights to the prosecutor's office.

In any country, disabled people are a special group of citizens who need benefits and benefits. They also need rehabilitation, or TSR. They are required to ensure a comfortable life for people with handicapped. They are provided by the state. You just need to know how and where to get them.

For normal recovery Disabled people require a lot of resources. They are selected based on the type of deviation. If there is a hearing impairment, then special devices are required. In other cases, other means are needed. They must be provided by the state.

Types of collateral

TSR for the disabled is available in as well as the necessary activities, services. The disbursement of funds means:

• provision of technical means;
• performance of repair and replacement services;
• providing transportation for the child to the territory of the organization;
• payment for the child's stay;
• travel.

Period of use

There are time limits for using TSR for the disabled. This is approved by law:

• canes - at least 2 years;
• handrails - from 7 years;
• wheelchairs - over 4 years;
• prostheses, depending on the type, - more than 1 year;
• orthopedic shoes - from 3 months.

For all other devices, certain deadlines are also provided. During this period, the products will be safe for rehabilitation. If the period of use has passed, it is necessary to change the tool.

List of funds

According to the law, technical means include devices that allow compensating or eliminating human life limitations. The TSR list for the disabled consists of funds for:

• self-service;
• care;
• orientation;
• learning;
• movement.

People with disabilities need prosthetic devices. They also need special clothing, shoes, hearing aids. Disabled people need exercise equipment, sports equipment, inventory.

The law contains a list of TSRs for the disabled. The federal list also contains specific technical means:

• supports and handrails;
• wheelchairs;
• prostheses;
• orthopedic shoes;
• anti-decubitus mattresses;
• dressing supplies;
• special clothing;
• reading devices;
• guide dogs;
• thermometers;
• sound alarms;
• Hearing Aids.

Depending on the type of deviation, other means are prescribed to a person. The federal list of TSRs for the disabled is approved by the state. Funds are provided free of charge, therefore they cannot be sold, donated or transferred to other persons.

There are regions of the country where supports are understood only as structures for movement. Because of this, difficulties arise in the rehabilitation of the disabled. If the rights to provide TMR for people with disabilities are violated, then the interested parties must defend their interests. After all, depending on the restrictions needed special means.

Where to apply?

The issuance of TSR to disabled people is carried out after passing the procedure. You must submit an application to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation at the place of residence. Sometimes you need to provide a document in executive agency dealing with these issues.

It is important to consider that foreigners and stateless persons who have a residence permit can also apply to the FSS of the Russian Federation. They are required to receive funds for rehabilitation if a disability has been recognized.

Required documents

Obtaining TSR by disabled people is possible after submitting an application, as well as several additional documents:

• birth certificate or passport;
• representative's passport;
• rehabilitation program;
• pension certificate.

Only when there is a complete list of documents, the application will be accepted. They are provided in originals.

Application processing

The period of consideration of the application cannot be more than 15 days from the date of its submission. If accepted positive decision, then the mail arrives:

• notification confirming registration;
• direction to the creation of a technical product;
• voucher for a free pass.

Forms of all documents are accepted by the Ministry of Health and social development countries. They serve as confirmation of the issuance of the necessary means of rehabilitation.

Payment of compensation

Not only TSR for the disabled can be provided, but also compensation for the purchase of the necessary product. Parents have the right to independently choose the necessary technical means for the child. For this, a wheelchair, prosthetic and orthopedic products, printed publications with the desired font can be purchased. Parents have the right to pay for the repair of the funds themselves.

If the product was purchased or repaired at your own expense, compensation will be provided. It is paid only when the technical device is really required under the rehabilitation program. When persons with disabilities object to being provided with the right product, they must be paid funds in the amount of the cost of the product.

How is the payout amount determined?

The amount of compensation is not taken arbitrarily, but is calculated according to certain rules:

• the size is equal to the price of the goods;
• should not be higher than the value of the funds.

Pay Money is documented. Those who need it are entitled to compensation.

To approve the amount of compensation for TSR for the disabled, a special classification is used. As an example, take the purchase hearing aid, which has additional functions. The amount of payouts is set based on the price of the device. It includes additional features. The amount of payments is determined by:

• the price of the technical means;
• documents evidencing the cost of purchasing the funds.

Documents for payments

To receive compensation for the purchase of the desired product, you must collect important documents. These include:

• statement;
• confirmation of expenses;
• birth certificate of the child;
• representative's passport;
• individual rehabilitation program;

The compensation period is 1 month from the date of the decision. It is accepted by the FSS of the Russian Federation within 30 days.

What if no compensation has been paid?

The right to receive technical means and monetary compensation regulated by the state. If these rights are violated, then liability is provided for this. If the money for the purchase of funds has not been paid, then it is necessary to file a complaint. It is submitted to the Department of Social Protection. Moreover, this can be done on paper and in electronic format. If option 1 is selected, then receipt of a receipt is required.

The state guarantees not only the provision of TSR for the disabled, but also repairs. Moreover, this service is provided free of charge. Only for repairs it is required that the opinion of the disabled person about the need for work converges with the opinion of experts.

Expertise

To check the need for repair, an examination is required. During this procedure, it will be revealed whether replacements of parts, elements of products are needed. In order for the examination to be carried out, it is necessary:

• submit an application to the FSS of the Russian Federation;
• provide a technical device that needs repair or replacement.

If the remedy cannot be provided, then a decision is made to perform an examination at home. The impossibility of delivering the product is due to the complexity of transportation, the state of health of the disabled person.

The examination is carried out within 15 days from the date of receipt of the application. TSR users are informed about the time and place of the event. They can take part. As a result, an application is drawn up, one copy of which is provided to the disabled person. The reasons for the breakdown of the product are spelled out there. If recovery cannot be performed, then the need to replace the product is indicated.

Performing repairs and replacements

If the need for repairs is determined, then the FSS must provide:

• statement;
• examination document.

The replacement of funds is carried out by decision of the FSS on the basis of an application. This procedure is only possible when the period of use has expired or repairs cannot be made.

Directions

Disabled people are given the right to free travel, since it is compensated by the FSS body. To do this, a person with disabilities or his representative is given a ticket and a direction for all types of transport. This document is provided for no more than 4 trips to the location of the organization to which the referral was provided. There are also 4 free return trips.

Benefits are provided for such modes of transport as:

• railway;
• water;
• automobile;
• air.

Travel allowance

When traveling for personal funds, compensation is paid. It is granted only if these modes of transport were used. To receive compensation, the following documents are required:

• travel cards;
• confirmation of the need to travel.

Compensation is paid for no more than 4 round trips.

Payment for accommodation

If the technical device is only being manufactured, then compensation for the child’s stay is provided and responsible person. Expenses are paid for the entire trip. Amount of compensation is equal to the sum funds that are provided in case of business trips.

Reimbursement is based on the actual number of days of stay. In this case, some conditions must be met:

• living in an area remote from the organization;
• the tool was made in 1 trip.

Provision for the rehabilitation of the disabled is guaranteed by the state. Ensuring their normal recovery occurs through compensation for various expenses.