How to open a baby food business? Production of baby food.

DESCRIPTION OF THE OPERATION OF THE PRODUCTION LINE OF BABY FOOD FOR CHILDREN FROM 6 MONTH AGE

The main raw material for this product is high-quality cereal flour, specially manufactured in accordance with all standards and safety indicators for production baby food. Flour is delivered to the plant in four-layer 30 kg bags, in which it is stored at the plant under certain conditions.

Before starting the production line, flour is loaded into technological bins (3) using bag unloaders (1) and loading screw conveyors (2). There are 5 units of such bunkers - for different types flour. The bunkers are equipped with filling level sensors and a system to prevent arching. According to the given technological recipe, flour (each type separately) is fed from the bins by dosing screws (4) to the weighing terminal (6). Dosing error is no more than 1%. The loading of hoppers is controlled from the control panel 5, the dosing complex from the control panel 8, which are located directly next to the equipment. When the specified weight parameters of all components are reached according to the recipe, the raw materials are unloaded into the mixer (7) to achieve uniformity of the entire mass. The mixing cycle lasts 2-5 minutes (depending on given parameters). Then the raw materials, using a screw conveyor (9), are loaded into a sifter (10), which is equipped with a magnetic separator.

The next stage is extrusion. Using a screw conveyor (11), the mixture of raw materials is loaded into the extruder storage hopper (12), from where it is dosed into the extruder loading housing. With the help of a dosing pump that supplies water to the extruder loading housing, the raw material is moistened. Due to intensive thermomechanical treatment, the raw material receives the necessary amount during its stay in the extruder body (5-7 seconds). sanitization and During the process under the influence of significant shear rates, high speeds and pressure, a transition occurs mechanical energy into heat, which leads to varying depths of changes in the quality indicators of the processed raw materials, for example, protein denaturation, gelatinization and gelatinization of starch, as well as other biochemical changes useful for better absorption by the child. The product is cut directly at the matrix using a mounted cutting device. All operation of the extruder is controlled from the control unit (13). An exhaust hood (14) is installed above the extruder to remove steam.

The resulting semi-finished product is delivered by pneumatic conveyor (15) to the storage hopper (16). Next, the semi-finished product enters the crusher (16) to be crushed into porridge. Then the crushed mass is loaded into a technological storage bin (20) using a screw conveyor (19). These processes are controlled from the control unit (18).

From the storage hopper, a screw conveyor (21) loads the porridge into the weighing terminal (24). Depending on the technological recipe, additives in specified quantities are loaded into the weighing terminal from containers for dry additives (22) through screw conveyors (each type separately: vitamins, dried fruits, etc.) into the weighing terminal for further mixing with porridge in the mixer ( 25). Upon completion of the mixing cycle (2-5 minutes), the product is fed by a screw conveyor (26) into the feed hopper of the filling machine. The process of dosing and mixing the components is controlled by the control unit (23).

In the filling machine (27), the product in a given weight range is packaged and packed into a bag. Then the packaged product, using an outflow conveyor (28), enters an automatic packer into a cardboard box (29) for packaging in cardboard containers and printing the production date and other information. At the exit from the cartoner, the packaged product, using a horizontal conveyor (30), enters the packaging table (31) for placement in a group transport container. Packing is carried out by packing workers. The product, packaged in transport containers, is transported by a horizontal conveyor (32) to the finished product storage warehouse.

Communications supply in the production workshop (connection points):

1 – Power supply 3ph, 380V 50 Hz; Total consumption 7.5 kW/hour. Compressed air; consumption by vibration fans 1000 l/min. Water for washing.

2 – Power supply 3ph, 380V 50 Hz; Total consumption 145 kW/hour.

Water for washing; for cooling the extruder up to 150 l/hour.

Compressed air; consumption by pneumatic conveyor 1000 l/min.

3 – Power supply 3ph, 380V 50 Hz; Total consumption 7 kW/hour. Water for washing.

4 – Power supply 3ph, 380V 50 Hz; Total consumption 4 kW/hour. Water for washing. Compressed air; total consumption up to 1500 l/min. Nitrogen (for packaging machine).

5 – Power supply, 220V 50 Hz; Total consumption 5 kW/hour. Compressed air; total consumption up to 1000 l/min.

The line consists of:

Electricity: 170 kW

Water consumption (extruder cooling): up to 150 l/h

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Nutricia, a company specializing in the production of baby food, was founded in 1896 in the Dutch town of Zoetermeer. Its founder, Martinus van der Hagen, was the first in the world to obtain the right to produce special milk for infants, similar in composition to mother's milk. In 2007, Nutricia became part of Danone's infant nutrition division (Danone Nutricia Early Life Nutrition), and the company's products are now sold in more than 100 countries. Nutricia began operating in Russia in 1994, and in 1995 acquired a baby food production plant in the city of Istra and completely modernized it. Now baby formula and cereals under the Malyutka brand are produced here.

The milk base comes to Nutricia from Ireland. It is a dry powder obtained by mixing milk, whey and vegetable oils. The mixture is stirred and then sprayed using a nozzle. Under the influence of hot air, water evaporates from the formed particles and as a result a powder is formed. It is packaged in big bags, which are simultaneously filled with nitrogen, which displaces the air. This is done to prevent oxidation from occurring inside the package. The big bag is hermetically sealed, and then a second bag is put on it for transportation.

Other raw materials enter the plant in the same form: vitamins and minerals, which are delivered from factories in the Netherlands. Nutricia works with foreign suppliers because Russian farmers are not yet able to provide raw materials of adequate quality. All raw materials entering the plant are tested in a physical, chemical and microbiological laboratory. The second is taken outside of production, again to minimize risks.

Then the bags of raw materials are moved to a high-control area. To do this, they pass through a special gateway, in which the transport packaging is removed from them and transferred from wooden pallets to plastic ones. This area is protected from any harmful microorganisms. Local air passes through several stages of filtration. Purified air is supplied to the room through fabric sleeves; they are easy to remove and wash. All equipment and instruments passing through the gateway are disinfected. In addition, the high-control zone is completely free of water. They wash and clean here exclusively with vacuum cleaners. All plant employees undergo daily medical examinations and are not allowed to work if they show mild signs of illness. Those who drive vehicles also undergo a blood alcohol test.

Baby food has increased requirements for primary packaging (that which is in direct contact with the product). For this, foil is always used, which, in addition to its barrier properties, is also good because it does not interact with the product in any way. Every new supplier undergoes quality testing and each batch of material is tested for microbiology.

From here the raw materials are lifted to the fourth floor into the mixing area. There, the bags are opened, the mouth of the bags is disinfected and connected to the equipment, so that the ingredients fall into it without contact with external environment. The components are dosed using high-precision cells and then enter the blender. If there is any deviation, the process automatically stops. After the blender, the mixture falls onto a sieve with a mesh size of 1.4 mm. This is a barrier to possible third-party inclusions in the product. There is a giant magnet here for the same purpose. Dosing, mixing and screening take place on different floors, that is, the process is built vertically, from top to bottom. Typically, compressed air is used to transport the product through pipes, but here it falls under its own weight.

Flour that has passed the incoming control is sifted and then, together with water, enters the extruder for processing. There at a temperature of 180 degrees and high blood pressure the molecular structure of the flour breaks down. This process is somewhat reminiscent of making popcorn. Each particle seems to explode and become like a corn stick. The flour is being prepared, and at the same time thanks to high temperature all extraneous microflora dies. The resulting pellets are then dried and ground. This process saves many nutritional properties, taste and aroma of the product.

The mixed product passes through three floors and enters the packaging area. The contents are packaged into bags in a nitrogen environment. Nitrogen is a safe inert gas that displaces oxygen from the pack, creating a sealed environment and preventing oxidation. The percentage of oxygen in the pack is less than 2%. This packaging allows you to store the product for 18 months.

Then the packages are weighed and move to the low control zone, where they are packed into cardboard boxes along with spoons. Each box is marked with its own unique number, which encrypts full information about the product. The boxes are then put through an X-ray machine where they are checked for foreign matter. If the camera sees a particle that differs in density from the rest, the pack is rejected.

Boxes of product are packed into transport boxes, which are then placed on wooden pallets by an automatic stacking robot. The formed pallet is wrapped in a transparent protective film, marked and delivered to the warehouse in the quarantine zone. Within five days the product undergoes final checks. To do this, samples are taken from each batch and sent to the laboratory. Only after this the product leaves the quarantine zone and is sent to stores.

How to open a baby food business?

One of the most profitable business areas is the production of baby food. Given the increase in the birth rate and food costs per child in a family, the demand for it is constantly growing. Creating your own production is quite difficult and time-consuming. But big investment(not only material) are justified by profitability and numerous opportunities to improve production and product quality.

Types of baby food

Baby food is very diverse. The following types are distinguished:

1) Dairy based. Baby food of this type is intended to replace breast milk during the first few years of children's lives. In turn, it is divided into:
- adapted
- partially adapted
- dry
- liquid
- adapted
- fresh
- fermented milk

This group also includes all kinds of curds, yoghurts, and milk. Such products are suitable for older people.

2) Cereal based. This category includes porridges that are enriched with vitamins and given to children as complementary foods.

3) Vegetable and fruit based. These products include purees and baby juices that can be given starting from 3 months of age.

4) Meat products: canned meat or fish. They are nutritious and high in calories, and can be fed to children from 7 months.

5) Dietary products. They are divided into subcategories and given to those children who have problems with their body.
- lactose-free
- gluten-free
- with bifidobacteria
- based on protein hydrolysis

Baby food as a business

The production of baby food as a business is a rather complex task. Therefore, at the first stage, it is better for novice entrepreneurs to focus on those products that are not only in great demand, but also have a long shelf life along with a simple technological process.

Of the advantages, the prospects for the equipment should be highlighted separately, because it is intended not only for the production of baby food products , but in general for release fermented milk products and canned meat.

To open such a business you will need a large number of starting capital: about 8 million rubles (excluding equipment). It is very difficult to predict specific income, but in general the picture looks like this: if you produce 90 tons of baby puree, which is 360 thousand jars of 250 g each (that is, about 3 thousand jars per hour), then at least 130 tons will be required per month raw materials. The costs will be at least 3 million rubles.

If we take milk formula as an example, then the production of a ton will require raw materials with a total cost of 114,000 rubles. At the same time, a jar of puree costs no more than 20-25 rubles, and a jar of milk mixture costs no more than 140 rubles.

Production technology as starting a business

The most important thing you should pay attention to when starting a business is the technology for producing baby food. It includes several stages:

1. Reception of raw materials.
2. His check.
3. Purification of raw materials.
4. Preparation.
5. Mixing, dosage.
6. Packaging.
7. Packaging of the finished product.

But the production of each type of food has its own characteristics. For example, infant formula has two stages of processing. First, the raw materials are received, then cleaned, sorted, and cooled. Before production itself, it is heated and separated. After this, the milk is pasteurized, normalized and homogenized. The raw materials are diluted with milk sugar, heated and cleaned. At temperatures above 100 degrees, the mixture is processed, vitamins are added to it and homogenized. At subsequent stages, the mixture is dried in a special installation. Then it is mixed with the other components and packaged.

Fruit and vegetable mixtures go through the following stages.

1) Preparatory. The raw materials are sorted, cleaned of rotten fruits, and seeds and seeds are removed from good fruits.

2) After cleaning, the raw materials are washed, crushed, and all useful elements must be preserved.

4) Then it is mixed, sent for heating and homogenized if necessary.

5) The mass is heated to 85 degrees, loaded into a container and sealed.

Grain mixtures have the following production technology. The grain is cleaned using magnetic installations and passed through special sieves. Before sifting, the cereal is steamed. Then it is crushed and sifted again. Next step: mixing the porridge components. An electromagnetic separator checks mixtures for unnecessary impurities. Afterwards it is packaged in boxes, bags, and jars.

Canned food and production stages

1) The raw materials are processed (meat and fish are separated from the bones) and cut into pieces.

2) The raw materials are crushed and mixed with the components.

3) Then it is filtered, blanched, homogenized, and air is removed.

4) The last stage is packaging and sterilization for half an hour at a temperature of 120 degrees.

Raw materials for production

Raw materials are purchased from suppliers either in Russia or abroad. Milk of any consistency, sour cream, butter and cream are used as dairy raw materials. Grain raw materials include cereals and flour. Meat raw materials include all types of poultry, offal and meat. All berries, fruits and vegetables serve as fruit and vegetable raw materials. A large assortment of fish is purchased from fish raw materials: ocean, freshwater, sea.

Equipment and premises for production

Obviously, all technological process must be carried out at the factory, which, in turn, must meet all types of safety requirements. The room must be equipped with a ventilation system. The workshop must be equipped various types ventilation, as required by hygiene. All warehouses, laboratories, and household premises are equipped with separate ventilation systems.

According to SanPiN, the air that enters the room must pass through cleaning filters. All products should not be kept near heating devices or in direct sunlight.

Equipment needed for production baby food, and namely products from fruit and vegetable raw materials.

1) Washing machine – 300,000 rubles.
2) Crusher – 50,000 rub.
3) Steam thermal unit – 500,000 rubles.
4) Blancher – 70,000 rubles.
5) Wiping machine – RUB 350,000.

Equipment necessary for the production of porridges.

1) Grain hulling machine – 200,000 rubles.
2) Sifter – 12,000 rubles.
3) Grinding unit – 150,000 rubles.
4) Screw dryer – RUB 300,000.
5) Aspirator – 70,000 rubles.
Equipment intended for the production of canned food.
1) Defrosting chambers – 300,000 rubles.
2) Machine for grinding raw materials – 150,000 rubles.
3) Refrigeration chambers – 150,000 rubles.
4) Units for deboning meat – 200,000 rubles.
5) Mixing/salting unit – RUB 250,000.

General equipment.

1) Seaming machine – 500,000 rubles.
2) Autoclave – 600,000 rubles.
3) Washing machine – 400,000 rubles.
4) Labeling machine – 200,000 rubles.
5) Packing machine – 1,000,000 rubles.
6) Pump – 40,000 rub.
7) Tank – 650,000 rubles.
8) Belt conveyor – 25,000 rubles. per meter
9) Scales, carts, loaders, saws.

Employees and positions

It will be necessary to hire a large number of employees for operational positions.
- Loaders
- Engineers
- Helper workers
- Cleaners
- Accountant
- Packers
- Packers
- Technologists
- Warehouse managers
- Security guards

The number of employees depends on the size of the enterprise. Although everything is automated, people will still be needed to manage the process.

Important documents

To open such a business you need to obtain a certificate of state registration. The following documents will be required:
1) Application for registration,
2) Technical documentation,
3) Consumer label,
4) Product test results,
5) Sampling report,
6) A copy of the trademark.

Buyers

All manufactured products reach store shelves through intermediaries. The target audience is parents. Products can be supplied not only directly to supermarkets, but also to specialized children's stores.

How to attract customers and increase sales?

Considering that there are already many manufacturers who have proven themselves with the best side, you can increase sales and attract customers with the help of some tips.

1) We must try to constantly expand the range and release new products.

2) It is important to take time to pack. It should be comfortable and airtight.

3) Packing should be carried out in small jars, to which straws or spoons should be additionally attached.

The production of baby food is a complex process that requires not only basic knowledge and experience, but also large financial investments. Therefore, you should not create an enterprise thoughtlessly. You must first soberly assess your strengths, level of awareness, and only then begin to develop a strategy for creating an enterprise.

Since 2010, sales of baby food have increased significantly in Russia, which is associated with an increase in the birth rate in the country and an increase in the consumption of goods per child. On the market, all types of baby food are divided into two segments: “human milk substitutes” and complementary feeding products. Medicinal and dietary nutrition for children. Complementary feeding products occupy 79% of the baby food market, which is not surprising, since they are present in the diet of a child under 3 years of age. The absolute leader among them is baby puree(27.1%). "Female milk substitutes", respectively, occupy 21% of the market.

The following groups of baby food products can be distinguished:

- milk based formulas. There are dry, liquid, fresh, and fermented milk. There are partially adapted mixtures and adapted ones, as close as possible in composition to human milk. The first are intended for children aged from 0 to 6 months, the second - from 6 to 12.

- fruit and vegetable mixtures(canned fruit, berries, vegetables and mixed juices and purees, canned vegetables, cereals and meat and vegetables, cereals and fish). According to the degree of grinding, there are homogenized, finely ground, and coarsely ground. For children aged 3-4 months.

- grain-based mixtures(flour (from various cereals) for baby food, dry milk porridge, instant cookies and pasta). For children aged 4.5-5 months.

- mixtures based on meat and fish(meat, meat and vegetable and canned fish). According to the degree of grinding, there are coarsely crushed (for children over 9 months of age), puree (from 7 months) and homogenized (from 5 months). There are canned meats of groups A and B: A – mass fraction of raw meat no more than 55, offal no more than 30, oil or fat no more than 5, cereal no more than 5, starch or flour no more than 3; group B – raw meat no more than 35, oil or fat no more than 8, vegetable or milk protein no more than 5, cereals no more than 10, vegetable components no more than 30.

The production of baby food is a responsible and labor-intensive business, although quite profitable: in 2011, the average cost for 1 kg of food was more than 500 rubles.

Types and cost of raw materials

• Dairy raw materials. Use whole and skim milk, milk powder (whole and skim), cream, sour cream and cow's butter. The average cost of milk on the market is 13 rubles per liter.
• Grain raw materials. This includes flour and various types of cereals (semolina, oatmeal, wheat, buckwheat, rice). Cost of cereals: wheat 4-10 thousand rubles per ton, peas 6.5 - 10 thousand rubles, buckwheat 12 thousand rubles, corn 6-8.5 thousand rubles, oats - 6 thousand rubles, semolina - 15 -16 rub/kg.
• Fruit and vegetable raw materials. Almost all types of vegetables, fruits and berries are used. The most popular types are apples, plums, peaches, apricots, citrus fruits, pumpkins, zucchini, black currant, cherry, cherry, rosehip. Prices for vegetables and fruits constantly fluctuate depending on the season. Here are approximate wholesale prices: potatoes – 4.5 – 6 rubles/kg, beets – 4.5 – 6 rubles/kg, pumpkin – 2 – 5 rubles/kg, carrots – 7-8 rubles/kg, apples – 18-40 rub/kg, pears – 30-60 rub/kg.
• Meat raw materials. They use various types of meat (pork, beef, lamb) and poultry. Offal (liver, tongue) is also used. Price: beef – 115 rubles/kg, pork – 124 rubles/kg, lamb – from 230 to 270 rubles/kg, chicken – about 75 rubles/kg.
• Fish raw materials. This includes various types of ocean, sea and freshwater fish. The most common are pike perch (about 130 rubles/kg), cod (83-88 rubles/kg), tuna (130-200 rubles/kg), hake (100-120 rubles/kg), carp (75-110 rubles/kg ).

Technology and equipment

The general technological process for manufacturing infant formula includes the following stages: receiving and checking raw materials, cleaning and preparing raw materials, mixing and dosing, packaging and packaging of the product.

The production of each type of infant formula has its own characteristics.

1. Infant formulas.

Adapted mixtures consist of 60% whey proteins and 40% casein. Partially adapted milk formulas are made from powdered cow's milk.

In the production of dry mixtures, raw milk goes through several stages of processing. The entire production process can be divided into two groups:

A. Processes for processing raw materials before drying.

b. Drying and all subsequent operations.

A. After receiving the raw materials, they are cleaned, sorted and cooled for storage. Immediately before production it is heated and separated. Next, the milk undergoes pasteurization, normalization according to mass fraction fat and homogenization. Solutions of iron sulfate and milk sugar, warmed up and cleaned. Next, the mixture is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 105 ± 10°C, add vegetable oil With fat-soluble vitamins and solutions of water-soluble vitamins, after which the mixture is homogenized.

b. The raw materials are dried in a spray drying unit. Then it is dried in three stages: in the first section, from 20 to 40°C, in the second - from 20 to 40, in the third - from 10 to 12°C.

The finished mixture is mixed with other components (powdered sugar, casein) and packaged.

There are also low-lactose mixtures free of milk sugar. They are made by mixing a dry low-lactose base with sugar and adding a source of iron and vitamins. Various extracts are also added, such as low-sugar molasses or malt.

Milk consumption is 8704-8713 kg per ton of dry product.

Store (according to GOST) at temperatures from 1 to 10 °C and relative air humidity not higher than 75% for no more than 6 months from the date of production.

When producing fermented milk products for children, raw milk is fermented by adding thermophilic or mesophilic lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, etc. Yogurt is fermented for 4-8 hours, kefir for 9-13 hours, cottage cheese for 10-14 hours. Unlike dairy products for adults, children's products are additionally fortified and subjected to thorough microfiltration. They also add large quantity beneficial bacteria. The mass fraction of fat is also less: for milk and fermented milk products - no more than 3.5-4%, for curd products - no more than 5-9%. The share of sugar in fermented milk and curd products is no more than 7%, in milk drinks and cocktails. – no more than 5%.

The production line for milk-based baby products includes:

• separators. Divides cream with medium fat content into high-fat cream (about 80-200 thousand rubles);
• vacuum deodorization units. Removes foreign odors and tastes (about 625 thousand rubles);
• baths for normalization. They set the required mass fraction of moisture (150 thousand rubles);
• long-term pasteurization bath (from 150 thousand to 1 million rubles, depending on the size);
• homogenizer-plasticizer. Give the oil a uniform structure and moisture distribution (from 340 to 800 thousand rubles);
• vacuum evaporation unit (250-300 thousand rubles);

2. Fruit and vegetable mixtures.

The first stage is preparatory. Raw materials are sorted on roller and belt conveyors, removing rotten, wrinkled, contaminated fruits. When preparing raw materials, all excess parts of the fruit (skin, seeds, seeds, twigs) are removed, and several methods can be used. Chemical method used to remove the skin of fruits, for which they are placed in a hot (80-90°C) solution caustic soda. The steam-thermal method is the treatment of raw materials with live steam under pressure. This is how various root vegetables (potatoes, carrots, beets) are processed; they are also cleaned with a simple mechanically. The refrigeration method is the most expensive due to expensive equipment; it involves freezing the raw materials and removing the exfoliated skin.

After cleaning, the raw materials are washed to remove dirt and toxic chemicals. Next, the raw material is subjected to grinding (crushing), which is best done in a steam environment to preserve vitamins and useful microelements. The crushed raw materials are boiled (blanched): various types of raw materials are distributed into separate chambers, the desired mode is set and sealed. When boiling the berries, add water. In a grinding machine with a sieve hole diameter of 1.2-1.5 and 0.7-0.8 mm, the raw materials are crushed to puree. Next, the raw materials are mixed according to the recipe, sent for deaeration (removing air from the product) and heating, if necessary, subjected to homogenization. The mass is heated to 85? C, loaded into a sterilized container and sealed. Purees, nectars, creams are sterilized at 100 °C for 20 minutes, desserts - at 100 °C for 45 minutes. During processing, about 30-40% of the mass of raw materials is lost.

Requirements for raw materials, packaging, and storage are in GOST R 52475-2005 and GOST R 52476-2005.

To produce purees, juices, and desserts from fruit and vegetable raw materials, you will need the following equipment:

• washing machine (200-500 thousand rubles);
• steam thermal unit (240-750 thousand rubles);
• crusher for fruits and vegetables (50 thousand rubles)
• cleaning machine (300-400 thousand rubles);

Such a line can produce 1500 kg/hour (6000 cans/hour).

3. Grain mixtures.

The production of baby cereals includes several stages. First, the grain is cleaned of impurities using magnetic installations. Then they are passed through vibrating sieves for control sifting. Manna and wheat cereal Before sifting, they are subjected to steam treatment on a screw apparatus. In a dry grinding mill, the cereal is crushed to a particle size of 500 microns and sifted again.

Next, the product is sent to a mixing and dosing station, where, according to the given recipe, the components of the future porridge (cereal flour, milk powder, sugar, fruit and vitamin powders) are mixed. Using an electromagnetic separator, mixtures are checked for the presence of excess impurities. Next, the product is packaged in various containers: boxes made of cardboard covered with inside polyethylene, paper bags with an inner foil bag, cardboard, tin and tin cans.

Specifications and requirements for grain-based children's products are in GOST R 52405-2005.

In the line for the production of porridges from various types grains include:

• grain hulling machine. Designed to remove flower, fruit and seed shells from the surface of grains (from 100 to 250 thousand rubles);
• grinding unit (about 140 thousand rubles);
• sifter Used to separate bulk materials into fractions by size (from 12 thousand rubles);
• screw dryer (about 270 thousand rubles);
• aspirator for cleaning cereals from small impurities (about 75 thousand rubles);

4. Canned meat and fish.

On initial stage In the production of canned food, raw materials are prepared and processed: meat is veined, sorted, cleaned of bones and unnecessary organs. The fish is defrosted, if necessary, unnecessary elements are removed and cut into pieces weighing 80-100 g. Auxiliary raw materials are prepared: butter, seasonings, vegetable raw materials. Next, the raw materials are cut and crushed, mixed, rubbed three times: through sieves with a hole diameter in the first machine of 1.5-2 mm, in the second - 0.8-1, in the third - 0.4-0.5 mm. Next, the raw materials are filtered using mesh filters with holes with a diameter of 0.7-0.8 mm, blanched, homogenized and deaerated. After all operations, the product is packaged and sterilized at 120°C for 50 - 70 minutes. Requirements for storage, raw materials and products can be found in GOST R 51770-2001.

To produce meat and fish complementary foods, the following is required:

• defrosting chambers (about 300 thousand rubles);
• meat deboning installations (manual - about 100 thousand rubles, automatic - from 200 to 600 thousand rubles);
• machine for grinding meat (about 160 thousand rubles);
• machine for cutting chickens (about 120 thousand rubles);
• equipment for mixing and salting raw meat (from 120 to 350 thousand rubles);
• blancher (50 – 100 thousand rubles);
• refrigeration chambers (from 120 thousand rubles);

Also, to establish the general technological process, you will need the following auxiliary equipment:

• machine for packaging, dosing and filling raw materials (1-1.6 million rubles);
• Seaming machine (from 250 thousand to 1.4 million rubles);
• autoclave (from 75 thousand to 1.5 million rubles);
• washing machine for containers (about 500 thousand rubles);
• labeling machine (about 200 thousand rubles);
• tank with a volume of 10 cubic meters. m. (about 600 thousand rubles, plus a control panel 45 thousand rubles);
• pump (from 19 to 55 thousand rubles);
• receiving tank with a volume of 1000 liters (about 180 thousand rubles);
• belt conveyor (from 23 thousand rubles per linear meter);
• scales;
• loaders and rockers;
• trolleys and saws;

Premises requirements

A plant producing baby food must meet a number of sanitary and fire safety. The enterprise must have a developed ventilation system. The workshop requires natural, mechanical, mixed ventilation or air conditioning in accordance with hygienic requirements. Supply and exhaust mechanical ventilation is also provided in combination, if necessary, with local exhaust ventilation. Household premises, bathrooms, laboratories, warehouses must have separate systems ventilation. The air entering the room must pass through oil and other fine filters (source SanPiN 2.3.2.1940-05). Products should be kept away from heating devices and direct sunlight.

Documentation

When starting a business producing any food products A certificate of state registration or a sanitary-epidemiological conclusion is required. To do this, you should collect the following package of documents:

• application for registration,
• regulatory and technical documentation on the basis of which production processes are carried out,
• instructions, annotations, certified copies of SEZ,
• consumer label,
• results of tests carried out for products (physico-chemical, radiological, organoleptic, etc.),
• sampling act,
• a copy of the trademark.

Organization of production and investment

Opening an established production of all types of baby food is an impossible task for a beginner. Therefore, you should start with the production of products that do not have the most labor-intensive technological process, long term storage and in great demand. This solution will protect you from crisis situations. Opening a business for the production of purees and milk mixtures has great prospects, since the equipment for the production of these types of goods is suitable for the production of canned meat and fermented milk products.

The initial investment in equipment when starting the production of purees, juices and milk mixtures will be about 7-8 million. When producing 90 tons of purees (360,000 cans weighing 250 g, about 3,000 cans per hour) per month, about 130 tons of raw materials will be needed, the costs will be about 3 , 5 million rubles. Per ton of milk formula, the consumption of raw materials will be about 114 thousand rubles. The average cost of a can of puree (250 g) on ​​the market is about 20 rubles, milk formula (400 g) is about 130 rubles.

Sales of goods

There are many companies in the baby food market that have already proven themselves as manufacturers of quality products, so for active sales It is necessary to develop products in several directions. Firstly, the range should be expanded and the opportunity to release new products should be taken advantage of. For example, it would be a good idea to launch a line of products for children 2-4 years old, who need to learn to eat not only pureed food, but food in pieces. Secondly, it is worth remembering about the packaging, which should be airtight and convenient. It is better to pack in small jars. The container should be equipped with spoons and straws.

The main distribution channels are not only supermarkets, but also specialty stores goods for children.

Kristina Cherukhina
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