Biology test on the topic "Endocrine system" (grade 8). Tests on the pathology of the endocrine system

Human biology Grade 8

test work"Endocrine system"

Part 1. Each question has four possible answers, of which only one is correct.

1. To the glands of external secretion do not apply :

a) salivary glands; b) sebaceous glands;

c) sweat; d) pituitary.

2. In what case does it develop Graves' disease?

a) with insufficient function of the epiphysis

b) with hyperfunction of the pancreas.

c) with hyperfunction thyroid gland

d) with insufficient adrenal function

3. Growth hormone - is it?

a) vasopressin c) somatotropin

b) oxytocin d) MSH

4. A person with diabetes needs regular

a) vitamins b) insulin

in) outdoorsd) fulfill physical exercises

5. small gland, located in the "Turkish saddle", and consisting of three parts - this

a) thyroid; b) pituitary gland;

c) epiphysis; G) thymus.

6. Chemical element, which is operating principle in thyroxine (hormone)

thyroid gland:

a) potassium; b) iodine;

c) iron; d) magnesium.

7. With a lack of insulin, a person develops

8. In case of malfunction of the adrenal glands, a person develops:

a) Graves' disease b) insulin shock

c) Addison's disease d) diabetes

9. With an excess of growth hormone in adults develops:

a) dwarfism b) acromegaly

c) gigantism d) Addison's disease

10. These small paired glands are called "stress glands":

a) adrenal glands b) gonads

c) thyroid gland, d) pancreas

11. Which of the following applies to female hormones:

a) ovaries b) eggs

c) mammary glands d) estrogen

12. Which of the following applies to male hormones:

a) Testosterone b) testicles

c) spermatozoa d) progesterone

13. Traveling hormonal system organism is:

A) hypothalamus - pituitary gland - adrenal glands

B) hypothalamus - adrenal glands - pituitary gland

B) adrenal glands - pituitary gland - hypothalamus

D) pituitary gland - hypothalamus - adrenal glands

Part 2. B1 establish a correspondence between the hormone and part of the pituitary gland

Hormones of the pituitary gland

Somatotropin a) anterior lobe

Thyrotropic b) intermediate lobe

MSG c) posterior lobe

Vasopressin

ACTH

Oxytocin

B2 - choose 3 correct answers out of 6

to the glands internal secretion relate:

Pituitary

Thyroid

Pancreas

gonads

adrenal glands

Salivary glands

Part 3. Give a detailed answer to the question.

C1. What fundamental difference endocrine glands from exocrine glands?

Answers:

B1 - AABBAV

B2 - 125

C1 -Unlike the exocrine glands, the endocrine glands do not have excretory ducts and secrete the produced hormones directly into the blood or lymph.

Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region

State budget professional educational institution

Moscow region "MosOMK No. 1"

Naro-Fominsk branch

Specialty: 34.02.01 "Nursing" a basic level of

Discipline: Human anatomy and physiology

Independent work on this topic

"Endocrine system"

Is done by a student

Groups _______, face-to-face

_______________________________

Lecturer: Sizova V.V.

Grade _____________________

_______________________________

Task 1. Label the endocrine glands

The structure of the thyroid gland

1.

3. Central part humoral regulation

The structure of the adrenal gland (sign zone and hormones)

5. Describe the functional organization of the islets of Langerhans as a "mini-organ"

Fill in the table

Solve the crossword "Endocrine system"

Vertically: 1. Adrenal medulla hormone

Horizontally: 2. One of the manifestations of thyroid hormone deficiency 3. Animal starch 4. Thyroid hormone 5. Violation carbohydrate metabolism 6. Steam gland of internal secretion 7. Hormone of the adrenal glands 8. Excessive function of the endocrine gland 9. Hormone that regulates the amount of sugar in the blood 10. A disease that occurs when the growth hormone of the pituitary gland is excessively secreted 11. A disease associated with impaired activity of the pituitary gland 12. Internal gland secretion, located at the base of the brain 13. Insufficient function of the endocrine gland

8. Preparation of a report on one of the topics

"Diabetes mellitus", "Endemic goiter", " diabetes insipidus”, “Basedow’s disease”, “Gigantism and dwarfism”, “Addison’s disease”

Tests on the topic "Endocrine system"

1. The leading role in the system of all endocrine glands is played by

Question Type: Single Choice

a) The thyroid gland and parathyroid glands b) Epiphysis and gonads

c) Hypothalamus and pituitary gland d) Thymus and pancreas

2. With a decrease in the level of thyroxine and triiodothyronine in the blood, the production of thyrotropin

Question Type: Single Choice

3. Mixed endocrine glands are

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Adrenals and thyroid b) Pituitary and parathyroid glands

c) Pineal gland and hypothalamus d) Pancreas, gonads, thymus

4. Produces a neurosecrete containing releasing factors (releasing factors) of two types - liberins and statins

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Pineal gland b) Pituitary gland c) Hypothalamus d) Thyroid gland

5. When the sympathetic or parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system are excited, the formation of tron ​​hormones in the adenohypophysis, respectively:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Brakes and accelerates b) Strengthens and brakes

c) Does not change and increases d) Does not change and slows down

6. Strengthens reverse suction water from renal tubules into the blood, increases the tone of the smooth muscles of blood vessels (arterioles and capillaries) and increases blood pressure hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Vasopressin b) Oxytocin c) Insulin d) Thyroxine

7. The most important "central" endocrine gland, which regulates the activity of many other, so-called "peripheral" endocrine glands, is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Adrenal gland b) Pituitary gland c) Pineal gland d) Thyroid gland

8. The tropic hormone of the pituitary gland is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Vasopressin b) Oxytocin c) ACTH d) Interludes

9. With hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland (lack of somatotropin) in childhood develops

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Cretinism b) Dwarfism c) Gigantism d) Myxedema

10. Stimulates development in women corpus luteum after ovulation and their synthesis of progesterone hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Follitropin b) Prolactin c) Testosterone d) Lutropin

11. Affects the mammary gland, contributing to the growth of its tissue and milk production, hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Lutropin b) Follitropin c) Prolactin d) Vasopressin

12. With hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland (lack of somatotropin) in adulthood develops

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Myxedema b) Dwarfism c) Cretinism d) Gigantism

13. The mass of the pituitary gland is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) 0.05 g b) 0.5 g c) 5 g d) 50 g

14. Affects pigment metabolism and leads to darkening of the hormone gauge:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Melatonin b) Intermedin c) Vasopressin d) Oxytocin

15. With hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary gland (excess of somatotropin) in children or adults, respectively, the following is observed:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Cretinism and myxedema b) Myxedema and cretinism

c) Acromegaly and gigantism d) Gigantism and acromegaly

16. Stimulates protein synthesis in the body, growth cartilage tissue, bone and whole body hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Somatotropin b) Thyrotropin c) ACTH d) Prolactin

17. Stimulates the growth of follicles in the ovary of women, spermatogenesis in the testicles in men hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Lutropin b) Follitropin c) Estrogens d) Prolactin

18. Stimulates the function of the thyroid gland, carrying out the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Thyrotropin b) Gonadotropin c) Somatotropin d) ACTH

19. Stimulates the formation and release of glucocorticoid hormone in the adrenal cortex

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Somatotropin b) ACTH c) Thyrotropin d) Prolactin

20. With an excess of vasopressin, there is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Diabetes insipidus b) Diabetes mellitus

c) Decreased blood pressure d) Cessation of urination

21. With a lack of vasopressin, there is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Increased blood pressure b) Cessation of urination

c) Diabetes insipidus d) Diabetes mellitus

22. Increases basal metabolism, oxidative processes, oxygen consumption and excretion carbon dioxide hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Insulin b) Thyroxine c) Thyrocalciotonin d) Somatotropin

23. A non-permanent part of the thyroid gland is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Right lobe b) Left lobe c) Pyramidal lobe d) Isthmus

24. There is no hormone in the thyroid gland

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Thyroxine b) Triiodothyronine c) Thyrocalciotonin d) Thyrotropin

26. Promotes development inflammatory reactions, increases vascular tone, increasing blood pressure, hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Aldosterone b) Cortisone c) Progesterone d) Hydrocortisone

27. Expands the pupils, bronchi, inhibits the secretion and motility of the gastrointestinal tract hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Cortisone b) Adrenaline c) Aldosterone d) Insulin

28. What area of ​​the adrenal gland produces catecholamines - adrenaline and norepinephrine?

Question Type: Single Choice

29. Oppresses development inflammatory processes and inhibits the synthesis of antibodies hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

30. When sympathetic nerves are stimulated, the formation and release of insulin

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Inhibited b) Stimulated c) Does not change

31. Diabetes mellitus is observed in

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Excess insulin b) Lack of insulin

c) Excess glucagon d) Lack of glucagon

32. Increases permeability cell membranes for glucose and promotes its intensive oxidation in the tissues of the hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Thyrotropin b) Glucagon c) Lipocaine d) Insulin

33. Reduces the level of glucose in the blood, promotes the synthesis of glycogen and its accumulation in the liver and muscles hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Glucagon b) Lipocaine c) Insulin d) Thyroxine

34. Stimulates the contraction of the pregnant uterus during childbirth and the expulsion of the fetus hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Follitropin b) Lutropin c) Oxytocin d) Estradiol

35. Produces hormones that affect the creation of immunity and are chemical stimulants of immune processes

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Pituitary gland b) Pineal gland c) Thyroid gland d) Thymus

36. Enhances lipid metabolism and affects the mobilization and utilization of fats in the body hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Intermedin b) Lutropin c) Lipotropin d) Melatonin

37. Weight loss, eye gleam, bulging eyes, increased basal metabolism, excitability of the nervous system, tachycardia are observed with

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Diabetes insipidus b) Myxedema (hypothyroidism)

c) Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism) d) Cretinism

38. With a lack of iodine in drinking water arises

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Diffuse toxic goiter b) Mucous edema

c) Cretinism d) Endemic goiter

39. With a decrease in the level of thyroxine and triiodothyronine in the blood, the production of thyrotropin

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Decreases b) Increases c) Does not change d) Stops

40. Regulates the exchange of calcium and phosphorus in the body, helps maintain normal level blood calcium hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Thyrocalciotonin b) Parathormone c) Aldosterone d) Thyrotropin

41. With hypofunction of the parathyroid glands, there is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Increased blood calcium b) Tetany

c) Calcium deposition in bone tissue d) Deposition of calcium in unusual places

42. With hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands, there is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Calcium deposition in bone tissue b) Tetany

c) Deposition of calcium in unusual places for it d) Adynamia

43. The hormone insulin is produced in the pancreas.

Question Type: Single Choice

44. The hormones glucagon are produced in the pancreas.

Question Type: Single Choice

a) A-cells b) B-cells c) D-cells d) Excretory duct epithelium

45. Breaks down glycogen in the liver and muscles to glucose and causes hyperglycemia hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Insulin b) Glucagon c) Thyroxine d) Parathormone

46. ​​Vital important hormones adrenal (life-saving hormones) are

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Adrenaline and norepinephrine b) Hydrocortisone and cortisone

c) Aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone d) Androgens and estrogens

47. Produces mineralcorticoids - aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone - adrenal cortex zone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Reticular b) Bundle c) Glomerular d) Medulla

48. Produces glucocorticoids - hydrocortisone, cortisone, corticosterone - a zone of the adrenal cortex very rich in lipids, cholesterol and vitamin C

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Glomerular b) Bundle c) Reticular d) Medulla

49. Forms sex hormones - androgens, estrogens and a small amount of progesterone - the zone of the adrenal cortex

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Medulla b) Glomerular c) Reticular d) Beam

50. Produces catecholamips - adrenaline and norepinephrine - adrenal zone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Glomerular b) Reticular c) Beam d) Medulla

51. Stimulates adaptation and increases the body's resistance to stress hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Cortisone b) Aldosterone c) Androgens d) Deoxycorticosterone

52. Inhibits the development of inflammatory processes and inhibits the synthesis of antibodies hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Deoxycorticosterone b) Hydrocortisone c) Estrogens d) Adrenaline

53. Stores sodium in the body and removes potassium hormone from it

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Hydrocortisone b) Adrenaline c) Aldosterone d) Progesterone

54. Increases osmotic pressure blood and tissue fluid (due to an increase in sodium ions in them) hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Norepinephrine b) Hydrocortisone c) Corticosterone d) Deoxycorticosterone

55. Stimulate the development of the skeleton, muscles, genital organs in childhood, anabolism and protein synthesis in the body

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Cortisone and corticosterone b) Adrenaline and norepinephrine

c) Androgens and estrogens d) Aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone

56. With insufficient function of the adrenal cortex develops:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Acromegaly b) Myxedema c) Addison's disease d) Graves' disease

57. The main symptom of addisop disease, which determines its name, is

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Adynamia b) Weight loss

c) Arterial hypotension d) Hyperpigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes

58. With a lack of sodium and an excess of potassium in the body, the secretion of aldosterone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Decreases b) Increases

c) Does not change d) Decreases slightly

59. Stimulates the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, affects sexual function and reproduction hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Corticosterone b) Deoxycorticosterone c) Testosterone d) Estrogens

60. Causes hypertrophy of the uterine mucosa in the first half menstrual cycle hormone:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Lutropin b) Corticosterone c) Progesterone d) Estrogens

61. Ensures the implantation of a fertilized egg in the endometrium and the development of the fetus in the uterus during pregnancy hormone

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Androsterone b) Estrogens c) Progesterone d) Testosterone

62. Inhibits the contraction of the muscles of the pregnant uterus and reduces its sensitivity to the hormone oxytocin:

Question Type: Single Choice

a) Testosterone b) Progesterone c) Andosterone d) Estrogens

Option 1

1. Select only the glands of external secretion:

a) thymus gland; b) sex glands; c) pituitary gland; d) liver

2. Endocrine glands produce hormones that enter:

a) intestines; b) on the surface of the skin; c) tissue fluid; d) blood

3. The functions of the endocrine glands are controlled by:

a) consciousness; b) the brain; in) spinal cord; d) subconscious.

4. The pancreas produces a hormone:

a) insulin; b) somatotropin; c) adrenaline; d) thyroxine.

5. Adrenaline and calcium ions:

a) do not affect the heart;

b) reduce cardiac activity;

c) strengthen and speed up cardiac activity; d) there is no correct answer.

6. A small gland located under the base of the brain, and consisting of

three parts are:

a) thyroid gland; b) pituitary gland; c) a bridge; d) thymus gland.

7. With a lack of thyroid hormone in children develops:

a) myxedema; b) cretinism; c) acromegaly; d) Graves' disease.

8. What is the source of hormone secretion in the body?

a) food b) light; c) the organism itself; d) water.

9. Glands of mixed secretion include:

a) thyroid gland b) pituitary gland; c) adrenal glands; d) pancreas.

10. Regulation of functions in the body is carried out:

a) nervous system; b) endocrine system; c) in a neuro-humoral way;

d) with the help of unconditioned reflexes.

1) thyroxine

2) trypsin

3) pepsin

4) peptidase

5) insulin

6) adrenaline

IN 2. Match between endocrine disease or its manifestation

gland, in violation of the activity of which it occurs:

Disease or its manifestation of Iron

A) cretinism 1) thyroid

B) diabetes mellitus 2) pancreas

B) myxedema

D) thirst, excretion a large number urine

D) increased metabolic rate

C1. How are mixed secretion glands different from exocrine glands?

Test work "Endocrine system"

Option 2

Part 1. Each question has four possible answers, of which only one is correct.

The endocrine glands include:

a) the pituitary gland; b) liver; in) sweat glands; d) salivary glands.

2. Glands of mixed secretion include:

a) epiphysis; b) liver; c) thymus d) sex glands;.

3. With a lack of a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, a disease develops:

a) dwarfism; b) diabetes mellitus; c) gigantism; d) acromegaly.

4. External secretion glands secrete a secret that contains:

a) vitamins; b) enzymes; c) hormones; d) iron ions.

5. A large steam gland located in abdominal cavity and consists of two layers:

external (cortical) and internal (cerebral) are:

a) sex glands b) thyroid gland; c) pancreas; d) adrenal glands.

6. Central to conservation hormonal balance plays in the body:

a) cerebellum; b) hypothalamus; c) a bridge; d) midbrain.

7. Diabetes mellitus develops when:

a) excessive synthesis of insulin; b) insufficient synthesis of insulin;

c) insufficient synthesis of adrenaline; d) excessive synthesis of adrenaline;

8. With a lack of thyroid hormone, a disease develops:

a) myxedema; b) gigantism c) acromegaly; d) Graves' disease

9. External secretion glands include:

a) sweat glands b) pituitary gland; c) epiphysis; d) pancreas.

10. Excess sugar is converted into glycogen with the participation of:

a) insulin; b) adrenaline; c) growth hormone; d) thyroxine.

Part 2. B1. Choose three correct answers from six.

Which of the following are hormones?

1) adrenaline

2) lipase

3) norepinephrine

4) trypsin

5) pepsin

6) insulin

IN 2. Establish a correspondence between the violation of vital activity in the human body and the disease in which it occurs:

Disability Disease

A) a decrease in body temperature 1) diabetes mellitus

B) excess glucose in the blood 2) Graves' disease

C) a tendency to neurosis, increased excitability

D) thirst, excretion of a large amount of water from the body

D) hair loss, dry yellowish skin.

Part 3. Give a detailed answer to the question.

C1. Why is the pancreas classified as a mixed gland?

Pathology of the endocrine system - tests, with answers

1) The function of the endocrine glands depends on

a) the state of the National Assembly

b) the state of the circulatory system

c) the state of the gastrointestinal tract

2 Test) Hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary gland is accompanied by

a) sharp violation growth

b) increased growth

c) physical and sexual underdevelopment

3) Hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland is accompanied by

a) increased growth

b) disproportion of the exterior

c) growth disorder

4) Comes during hibernation

Test 5) Basedow's disease is the most typical form

a) hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary gland

b) hyperfunction of the thyroid gland

c) hypofunction of the thyroid gland

6) Endemic goiter is observed when

a) lack of iodine

b) excess iodine

c) lack of vitamins

7) The deposition of calcium in the body occurs when

a) hyperfunction of the glands

b) glandular hypofunction

8) A lack of calcium in the blood occurs when

a) hyperfunction of the glands

b) glandular hypofunction

9) Adrenaline is produced

a) adrenal glands

b) kidneys

c) pancreas

10) Insulin is produced

a) adrenal glands

b) kidneys

c) pancreas

11. Test.) A hormone that protects the body from stress

a) adrenaline

b) insulin

c) anxiety hormone

12) Adrenaline-

a) increases the work of the heart

b) enhances the work of the liver

c) enhances the work of the kidneys

13) What pathology is associated with dwarf growth, preservation of childish body proportions, underdevelopment of the reproductive apparatus, lack of secondary sexual characteristics?

a) hypothyroidism;

b) hyperfunction of the pituitary gland;

c) hypofunction of the anterior pituitary gland.

14) Pathology of what gland is manifested by growth disorder?

a) epiphysis;

b) adrenal glands;

c) pituitary gland;

15) Violation of the function of which gland is accompanied by convulsions of the lower, upper limbs, predominantly flexor muscles, a change in calcium balance?

a) parathyroid glands

b) adrenal glands;

Test. 16) Name endocrine gland, with a lack of function of which there is a bronze coloration of the mucous membranes and skin, especially skin folds?

a) parathyroid glands;

b) adrenal glands;

c) pituitary gland;

17) What disease of the thyroid gland is characterized by an increase in the level of thyroxine and triiodothyronine with a simultaneous decrease in the level of thyroid stimulating hormone?

a) hypothyroidism

b) diffuse toxic goiter

c) euthyroid goiter

Answers to tests on the topic Pathology of the endocrine system.

1)a 6)a 11)c 16)b

2)b 7)a 12)a 17)b

Test 1

A1. Endocrine glands secrete:

A) vitamins B) hormones

C) digestive juices D) sweat and sebum

A2. The endocrine system includes:

A) sweat glands B) salivary glands

C) sebaceous glands D) adrenal glands

A3. Thyroid dysfunction may be due to nutritional deficiencies

A) iodine B) chlorine C) vitamin A D) carbohydrates

A4. Elevated temperature body, thinness, "bulging" eyes and increased excitability can serve as signs of a violation
A) B)

A5. The pancreas is considered a gland of mixed secretion, tk.

A) secretes digestive juices and the hormone insulin

C) systems D) vestibular apparatus

A10. The hypothalamus affects the work of the endocrine glands using it as a "mediator"

A) pituitary gland B) somatic NS

B) digestive system D) adrenal glands

IN 1. Choose 3 correct answers. Select the glands related to the endocrine system

sweat glands

1. adrenal glands

   thyroid

2. glands in the walls of the stomach

IN 2. Establish a correspondence between hormones and their features

Hormone

A) secreted by the pancreas

B) stimulates the conversion of glucose into glycogen

B) enhances the work of the CCC

D) acts similarly to sympathetic NS

D) is the secretion of the adrenal glands

E) ensures the uptake of glucose by cells

1) adrenaline

2) insulin