Mandatory stop sign. Sign “Driving without stopping is prohibited” - we pay a fine

Have you ever thought about the shapes and colors we see on the road? For example, why do you think the STOP sign is octagonal and why is it red? On the one hand, many of us don’t care about this. After all, the most important thing is that these road signs perform their specific function of regulating safe traffic on roads.

But I would still like to note that the history of the origin of road signs is of some interest, especially when it comes to the Stop sign. Believe me, this is no less interesting than our article. So, let's find out all the most interesting things about the stop sign. Believe me, it will be interesting!

To answer all the questions of interest about the origin of the English “STOP” sign, we need to go with you to the beginning of the 20th century.

There was real chaos on the roads of that time in many countries around the world. After all, street roads at the beginning of the 20th century were shared by horses, horse-drawn carriages, cars and people. This led to a chaotic disorder of movement, since there were no uniform rules yet traffic.

Naturally, the level of accidents and serious accidents in those years went up sharply in all countries of the world where automobile traffic appeared.

In major cities around the world, authorities have begun to realize that traffic regulation is urgently needed to manage traffic on the road.

One of the first major solutions to traffic control was proposed by William Phelps Eno, a New England native who came up with the first stop sign in traffic history.

Information about the first road sign was published in the American magazine " Rider and Driver" in 1900, in an article on road safety.

In an article about traffic reform, the author referred to William Phelpsom, who proposed installing a road signs"Stop".

But none of the US authorities heard William’s advice in those years. No, of course, the authorities of large US cities may have heard about the rational idea of ​​​​regulating traffic in America, but nevertheless, until the next decade, such road signs never appeared on the streets of large US cities.

It was only in 1915 that the first stop sign finally appeared on one of the streets of Detroit. Subsequently this road sign began to spread and appear on all the busy streets of this city.

But according to many experts and government officials, installing such stop signs in the city did not improve road safety and was a waste of money.

And the point here is this. On initial stage No one stopped at the stop sign; all drivers simply did not notice it and deliberately ignored this sign. According to the same authorities, in those years only a policeman with a baton could force drivers to stop.

Stop sign shape

The first stop sign erected in the city of Detroit is often described in various ways. historical documents, it was in the shape of a white square 60 x 60 cm (2 x 2 ft) with black letters on the background. To our deep regret, there is no photograph or drawing of the first “Stop” road sign on the Internet, which, as we initially said, first appeared in Detroit. But there is a photograph online dated 1915, which was taken in Detroit at the corner of Woodward and Jefferson streets:

On the left, at the top of the photo, you can see a stop sign, which of course did not look like the first road sign installed in Detroit, but still, this photo gives a clear idea of ​​​​what kind of road signs were started at that time install throughout Detroit.

As we can see from the photo, the first stop signs were a far cry from the red octagonal signs we see on roads around the world today.

By the way, after the first stop signs appeared in Detroit, their distribution began throughout major cities America. But all these signs were different, had in relation to each other different shapes, color, etc. outlines. It is for this very reason that drivers did not notice them on US roads.

Ultimately, in 1923 in Chicago, the association road safety At the meeting, the United States adopted a plan to introduce uniform road sign designations throughout the country:

• Establishment of uniform road signs to indicate warnings about railway crossings
• Introduction of uniform octagonal "STOP" signs
• Introduction of uniform standards for “warning” signs and “attention” signs (square)
• Standardization of direction signs (rectangle)

In 1924, the United States also held a national conference on street and highway safety, at which it adopted uniform recommendations according to the colors of road signs. In one of the 1924 reports after the conference, you can see exactly the earliest date of color approval for road signs, when for road safety it was recommended to use a red background color for the “STOP” sign.

STOP sign color

Moreover, it should be noted that, back in the 1930s, a committee of traffic engineers in the United States formed recommendations to distribute yellow signs"Stop" throughout the United States, then by 1935 a manual on unified traffic control devices appeared in America, which is in force in this country to this day.

This manual approved uniform standards for stop road signs. Thus, in this manual, the US authorities approved two standards for stop signs:

A white rectangular stop sign and a yellow octagonal stop sign with black letters, or a black octagonal stop sign with yellow letters.

The yellow color of the first unified standardized stop signs was apparently approved in order to maximize the attention of drivers on the road.

But how can this be? After all, back in 1924, the US National Conference on Street and Highway Safety recommended the use of red stop signs throughout America?

Of course, this recommendation, mandatory in principle, was remembered and not forgotten. But in those years there was also a problem; there was no suitable decent material to make the road sign red and which would have long term service in aggressive street conditions.

As a result, despite the recommendations to use red on stop signs, in the USA and in many countries around the world red is used instead for a long time either yellow or black road signs with black or yellow lettering continued to be used.

There is only one reason - the impossibility of using red signs due to the unavailability of high-quality red pigments.

The most interesting thing, and despite the fact that later appeared in the world good technology on the coloring of road signs, while in the United States itself, many states still continue to use yellow Stop signs.

And just recently, a single standard was introduced throughout America for octagonal stop signs, which must be red.

Red road signs came to Europe and Russia much earlier as a unified standard (read about this below). But still, as can be seen from the history of the “Stop” road sign, initially a red road sign, that is, a mandatory stop for vehicles, appeared as a standard in the United States itself.

But it just so happened that for the first time, as a single standard, octagonal red road signs began to be predominantly and massively used outside the United States itself, despite the fact that this red road sign was invented and first used in America.

History of road signs in Russia

The first road signs in Russia began to appear in 1910, i.e. after an international conference of motorists was held in 1909, which was attended by representatives of the Government of the Russian Empire.

Here are the first four Russian road signs ( round shape):

Similar road signs were used until the end of 1927. Then, according to the resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated December 1, 1927, new road signs were approved. This is what they looked like at that time:

And only in 1933 the number of characters was increased to 23. Most of the road signs used in our country since 1933 have received the colors and shapes that are familiar to us today. In addition, in 1933, road signs in Russia received various categories: “prohibitory”, “indicative” and “ warning".

However, in 1937, a Council resolution was issued in our country people's commissars RSFSR which ordered to reduce the number of road signs, since in the opinion of the authorities themselves this a large number of road signs did not help drivers, but only distracted them and created a threat to all road users.

In 1949, in Geneva, 80 countries (including Russia) ratified the new Convention on Road Traffic and partly the Protocol on Road Signs and Signals.

However, for its part, in terms of road signs, our country is in full I did not sign this protocol, since the authorities believed that European road signs would only confuse drivers in our country, since people by that time had already become accustomed to their own road signs and they had been used in the USSR for a long time.

As a result, it turned out that in our country, even after graduation Patriotic War Road signs from the 1930s were still in use.

By the way, for reference, the system of signs approved in Geneva in those years was not supported by the United States itself, as well as Great Britain, China and Japan, which also had their own road signs and which were radically different from European signs. For example, in those years, most road signs in the United States had text symbols.

In 1959, the USSR signed the new Geneva Protocol on Road Traffic. As a result, starting from 1961, 78 road signs began to officially operate in our country. Most road signs from 1961 take on the appearance that is more familiar to us today:

When did the “STOP” sign appear in our country (passing without stopping is prohibited - “STOP”)?

Pay attention to the photo above. On the left you can see a round road sign, inside it you can see a red triangle with the inscription "Stop".

That is, this means that the Stop sign began to be used in the USSR-Russia in 1961. But, as you can see, this sign has little in common with the modern octagonal sign and the English inscription inside "STOP"

When did the octagonal red English road sign "STOP" begin to be used in our country?

It all started on November 8, 1968, when, during the UNESCO conference in Vienna, 68 countries signed a new convention on road safety.

In 1971, the Vienna Convention was supplemented by the European Agreement, in which the Europeans, as a compromise, introduced the American version of the "STOP" sign, which was a red octagon, into the uniform traffic rules. Thus, in those years, a sign with the English word “STOP” became the only text sign in the international system.

In our country, the English-language red octagonal “STOP” sign appeared in 1973, when the new GOST 10807-71 road signs used in the USSR came into force.

This GOST included 105 road signs, most of which were already easily recognizable by drivers in those years.

So we can say that the Vienna Convention on Road Safety has become the main the final stage the international evolution of road signs, as well as the standardization of uniform traffic rules around the world.

As a result, according to the convention signed in Vienna, countries such as the USA, USSR, Great Britain, China and Japan began to take into account a single European standard of traffic rules.

Why are the color of STOP road signs red?

There is a simple answer to this question. Do you agree that red color stands out from all others in some special way? Also, red light tends not to mix with other objects in the foreground. The most interesting thing is that the color red is perceived well on the road even by those people who have vision problems.

Thanks to interesting properties red octagonal stop sign of this color visible from afar. It can be seen in a straight line at a distance of up to 1 km.

In addition, as we already told you in the article about red brake lights, our brain subconsciously associates the color red with the color of blood, which makes us feel dangerous.

And according to research, the color red also affects a person’s obedience.

To prove this, it was carried out in 2011, it clearly showed that the color red can influence the behavior of not only animals and primates, but also humans.

In particular, let us clarify the following: during the study, scientists conducted an experiment with rhesus monkeys (a species of monkeys living in Puerto Rico).

So, during the experiment, two human experimenters (a man and a woman) entered a cage in which a colony of monkeys lived.

Both experimenters then knelt down and placed two plastic trays in front of the monkeys.

Next, these two people took out a piece of apple from their backpacks and began to hold them at chest level so that each monkey could see the apples. Then each of the researchers put his piece of apple on the tray and at the same time got up from his knees and took two steps back.

During the experiment, researchers who entered the monkeys' cage each time changed their clothes: a cap and a T-shirt, which, as is known, had different colors(blue, green and red).

To ensure that the experiment was complete, the study was conducted and tested on both females and males.

The results of the experiment were amazing. First, the monkeys did not pay attention to the gender of the experimenter. Also, the monkeys did not pay attention to the green and blue caps and T-shirts of the researchers. But something else was surprising.

In most cases during the experiment, the monkeys tried to avoid the person who was wearing a red T-shirt or a red baseball cap.

As a result of such concerns, most of the monkeys in the study chose to steal an apple from the tray of a person who was not wearing a red T-shirt or a red cap.

There is also one thing in the history of science interesting research, during which scientists conducted a thorough analysis of the results of the 2004 Olympic Games.

So, scientists have discovered that on these Olympic Games red was also the dominant color among the winning athletes.

According to research, athletes wearing red uniforms became winners more often than, for example, athletes wearing blue sports uniforms.

This dominance of athletes in red uniform was especially noted in hand-to-hand sports, such as wrestling.

All these studies, according to scientists, prove that our fear of the color red is a product of the evolutionary adaptation of animals and humans to the surrounding nature.

That is why it is no coincidence that people know that the color red means “no”, “prohibition”, “danger”, etc.

We and monkeys are primates and also belong to social view mammals. The most interesting thing is that in both worlds (the human world and the monkey world) color is very important.

For example, color helped ancient people, it helped and continues to help monkeys today to determine by the reaction of their other relatives whether food is edible.

Let’s say that if a monkey eats inedible food, its face will soon turn red, which will signal to other primates that this food cannot be eaten.

Thus, according to scientists color has a deeper and wider impact not only on monkeys, but also on humans themselves.

Yes, of course, you can object, saying that these studies do not directly prove that the color red directly affects people and always warns them of danger. But still, scientists know for sure that the color red affects us more than any other color.

Please note that in addition to the red Stop sign (driving without stopping is prohibited), we are surrounded on the roads by red special signals of various special services, red brake lights of cars, red side lights of various vehicles, etc. etc.

And agree with us that this use of red has proven itself well for more than 50 years all over the world. And if the red color did not have such a clear influence on us, and also did not properly warn us about danger, then we would have long ago stopped responding to these red danger signals, which could cause a huge increase in the same accident rate throughout the world.

In this case, scientists would have long ago convinced the governments of most countries to use other warning colors on their roads.

But as we see for ourselves today, the color red has a terrifying effect on all road users, which means it is perceived by everyone as it should be.

The “No driving without stopping” sign belongs to the family of priority signs. Do not violate the instructions associated with this sign - in best case scenario you have a serious conversation with a traffic police representative, and at worst - serious troubles on the road.

Sign “No passing without stopping” – priority sign

The road sign “Driving without stopping is prohibited” is a strengthened version of the “Give way” sign - the first obliges the driver to come to a complete stop. The priority sign is placed immediately in front of the stop line, or if there is no stop line, in front of the edge of the road that needs to be crossed.

The driver is obliged to give way to vehicles driving on the intersecting roadway, and if there is a sign 8.13 - to vehicles moving along the main road.

Sign 2.5 may be located in front of a quarantine post or a railway crossing. In such cases, the driver must slow down and come to a complete stop before the sign or stop line. Clause 6.15 of the Russian Traffic Regulations describes in detail an exception to this rule - if at a railway crossing there is a traffic light with a white signal on, then this sign is not valid.

Also, priority signs are placed at road intersections with poor or limited visibility, where accidents are often recorded. For this reason, even if there is no one to give way to, the driver must still completely stop driving his car and carefully look around. It is quite possible that just such trifling caution can save your life.

Railroad crossing - what's the difference?

The driver on his route may encounter three types of railway crossings, which are equipped with appropriate priority signs. Type one is an unregulated crossing.
Such a crossing involves a complete stop of the vehicle in front of the sign, and movement can be resumed only after being convinced that there is no approaching obstacle - a train.

This measure was introduced because the driver does not have any clues (neither in the form of a barrier, nor in the form) that can warn in advance about the movement of the train.

Type two is a controlled crossing, where there is a three-section traffic light and a priority sign. If the red lights come on at the first one, traffic is prohibited, stop in front of the sign or marking. If another signal is flashing, movement is permitted. The third type of crossing differs only in the presence of a two-section traffic light, the red lights of which require you to stop.

Sign “Driving without stopping is prohibited” - we pay a fine

According to current legislation, a fine for violating the rules associated with this sign will cost you 800 rubles. On roads, controversial issues often arise due to crossing a railway crossing, which is equipped with a priority sign 2.5 and a traffic light. Law enforcement officials are recording administrative offense Traffic regulations, even if the traffic light is green.

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Can cause great difficulties for motorists. It becomes difficult for drivers to navigate busy sections of the highway, and this is fraught with the risk of accidents. To simplify the movement process and systematize it, you need to know which signs prohibit further movement endless.

Using a pointer

The “No driving without stopping” sign is an alternative to the “Give way” sign. IN interpretation of traffic rules it has a slightly higher priority and therefore requires an urgent stop of the vehicle. This sign is installed directly in front of the stop line, as well as the edge of the intersecting street or special road area.

It is the driver's responsibility to give way to other participants if he sees a no-travel symbol ahead. Sign 8.13 indicates the requirement to allow vehicles traveling along the main street to pass. The Administrative Code provides for a fine for ignoring this rule.

It has the appearance of a hexagon. It is made in red color to always remain visible to the driver. In its center is the inscription STOP, written in white paint. Also, near the sign quite often there is a special line for stopping. Thanks to this, it will be noticeable even at a great distance, but to maintain the effect, warning signs are also placed 150–300 meters away.

Location

The installation of the sign is most often observed on particularly busy roads, as well as railway tracks and places under quarantine. The driver must slow down as soon as he notices the installed sign, and when approaching it point-blank, stop. For convenience, a special line is used that cannot be crossed, otherwise you will need to pay a fine.

True, the traffic rules provide for an exception: if there is a white light on the railway tracks, then passage is allowed. Also, the driver must stop, even if he sees obstacles in the form of another car ahead. Such signs are often installed in places of poor visibility, so the driver does not always notice the danger. If this is not done, there is a fine.

Difference with crossing on railway tracks

While driving a car, its owner is able to see railway crossings on his way, equipped with specific signs “Driving without stopping is prohibited.” They may mean:

• unregulated type crossing. This means that the car must stop its movement in front of the sign and can only resume it after the train has disappeared from view (this is especially important when, apart from such a sign, the driver no longer has any clues about the approach of the train);
• . It is installed together with a traffic light and a priority sign. If the traffic light indicates red, you need to stop driving in front of the stop line. If the signal is different, you can go;
• the presence of a two-section type traffic light provides for the driver to stop when the signal is red and resume driving when there is another signal.

Thus, any situation must be considered individually, because the sign on each type of crossing location has its own compliance rules, violation of which is stopped by such administrative responsibility as a fine. The car owner cannot make a claim that the sign was poorly visible or the paint on its surface was worn off, since the sign is considered active in any case.

Violation

If you ignore stopping at the place provided for by law, Art. 12.19 Code of Administrative Offences. The fine has different sizes, depending on the type of violation. For example, if a person interferes with the movement of other drivers, he must pay 2,000 rubles, although previously this amount was 500 rubles. The driver's position is also taken into account. If the prohibited passage was made in a country or rural areas, a minimum fine may be imposed. The amount increases many times in a big city.

The legislation regulates punishment for violation of such rules, using a type of liability such as a fine. If a person ignores the fare, he must pay up to 1,500 rubles. True, there is a disagreement if the crossing was made through the sign “Movement without stopping is prohibited” when the light is green. Thus, a fine will be issued by a representative of a law enforcement agency, although there are no barriers to the movement itself.

Signs on the road deserve priority special attention, after all, must be observed in mandatory. A fine is imposed for their violation. If the sign information is subject to dispute, it must be clarified with a road safety inspector. It is important to take into account the factor of the green traffic light and the traffic ban sign, because this is the object of frequent misconceptions.

It is not for nothing that the traffic rules instruct the driver to pay attention to the signs. They can save lives. Even if there is no obstacle to traffic ahead, but the sign requires a stop, this must be done, because there is not always full visibility of all road conditions.