Aqueous 1 solution methylene blue mixture instructions. Methylene blue for aquarium and fish

An experienced livestock breeder, in addition to conventional medicines, always has an antiseptic on hand. If attentive parents buy brilliant green for children, then wise farmers buy blue for birds. Methylene blue for chickens - a penny drug that can surprise a wide range action and help to cope with many diseases.

Bacteria were the first inhabitants of planet Earth. They live literally in every corner of the planet, even in the organisms of living beings. For example, in the human body there are more than 2 kg of bacteria, which are mostly harmless. However, sometimes pathogenic microbes come to visit and begin to adversely affect the functioning of cells. An effective means of combating these pests are antiseptics.

A few centuries ago, the concept of disinfection did not intersect with medicine, until the Austrian Ignaz Semmelweis discovered the connection between dirty hands and an increase in mortality. With his "clean" hand, the Scot Joseph Lister invented the first antiseptic in the 19th century.

These disinfectants are actively used to heal wounds and to eliminate bacilli and fungal infections.

There are several groups of antiseptics.

Many of them have flaws that show up when used outdoors, such as chlorine, Strong smell which irritates mucous membranes. Methylene blue, on the other hand, does not negative impact on mucous membranes.

The popularity of dyes as disinfectants: green, red or blue

It is surprising how many dyes turned out to be antiseptics. Take, for example, methylene blue: it has traditionally been used to "turn" fabrics blue. However, he was destined for a more significant, healing mission.

Comparative characteristics pharmacological properties antiseptic dyes

As can be seen from the table, Zelenka has the narrowest spectrum of action, moreover, in recent times there is an active debate about its effectiveness as an antiseptic. Blue has the largest exposure radius, the disinfecting properties of which are successfully used in the livestock sector.

Composition and form of release

Methylene blue is included in the category of antiseptics. In veterinary medicine, it is widely used for the prevention and treatment of the following diseases:

• fungal diseases of fish;
• rheumatic ailments of horses;
• infectious diarrhea of ​​sheep and goats.

He also showed excellent performance in the treatment of diseases of birds caused by various infections.

Characteristics of the drug

You can buy it at any pharmacy, it is released without a prescription.

The principle of action of blue is the ability of the active substance to form compounds with the proteins of the pest cell, which contributes to the destruction of harmful bacteria.

Using methylene blue to treat chickens

Traditionally, this tool is used for disinfection of premises, however, the range of its application is not limited to this:

On damaged tissues, methylene blue creates a protective layer.

Methylene blue cannot be called a panacea that cures 100% of all possible ailments, but in a number of diseases it can be a great helper, especially in combination with other remedies.

Mode of application

The drug is intended for both external and internal use.

When treating the skin, the injured areas and adjacent healthy areas are treated with the drug. Contact of liquid with mucous membranes should be avoided.

Dosage of the drug

Depending on the type of disease and method of use, the allowable amount of use of the drug varies.

Permissible concentrations of methylene blue

As can be seen from the table, the main areas of application of the drug: the fight against infections and poisoning, as well as the treatment of wounds.

Side effects

The drug has practically no contraindications, with the exception of individual intolerance, manifested in the appearance of allergic skin reactions. It is not recommended to apply the solution to the mucous membranes.

Symptoms of diseases of chickens and the rules for their treatment

Most diseases of birds are caused either by illiterate care and nutrition, or by the presence of infections that often cannot be treated.

Infectious diseases of chickens and their treatment

Unfortunately, Environment contains many viruses and microbes that provoke diseases of birds. If the body of birds is weakened, it will be a tasty morsel for the growth of harmful bacteria and microbes, which, when hit, begin to multiply at a tremendous rate. The main danger is that from one sick bird the whole herd can become infected and provoke a 100% death.

There are several types of contagious diseases:

• infectious;
• fungal;
• helminthic and diseases caused by harmful effects insects.

infectious diseases

The most common are the following diseases:

• bronchitis;
• pasteurellosis;
• coccidiosis;
• colibacillosis;
• pullorosis;
• smallpox;
• salmonellosis;
• mycoplasmosis;
• bursitis.

Common Marek's disease bird flu and Newcastle disease are untreatable.

Scheme for the treatment of infectious diseases

As a monopreparation, methylene blue is practically not used, however, in combination with other drugs, it is effective assistant in the fight against diseases.

fungal diseases

Compared to infectious diseases, fungal diseases are not so terrible. However, you should not leave them unattended, as they are also contagious and spread very quickly. Most of them are provoked by the lack of proper cleaning of the chicken coop.

The scheme of treatment of fungal diseases

Unlike aspergillosis, there is no cure for ringworm.

Helminthic diseases and diseases caused by the harmful effects of insects

The scheme of treatment of some helminthic diseases

Bedbugs, lice, worms and fleas,of course, they are not as dangerous as infectious diseases, but in some cases, if timely treatment is not started, they can be fatal.

Methylene blue, also known as methylthioninium chloride, is a drug and dye. As a drug, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia. In particular, it is used to treat levels of methemoglobinemia that are greater than 30% or if symptoms are present despite oxygen therapy. It was previously used for cyanide poisoning and urinary tract infections, but this use is no longer recommended. Usually the drug is administered by injection into a vein. Common side effects include headache, vomiting, confusion, shortness of breath, and high blood pressure. Other side effects include serotonin syndrome, breakdown of red blood cells and allergic reactions. Use is often associated with urine, sweat, and stool turning blue to green in color. Although the use of the drug during pregnancy may harm the baby, the lack of such use in methemoglobinemia is probably more dangerous. Methylene blue is a thiazine dye. It works by converting ferric iron to hemoglobin and ferrous iron. Methylene blue was first made in 1876 by Heinrich Caro. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most effective and safe medicines needed in the healthcare system. In the United States, a 50 mg vial costs about US$191.40. In the United Kingdom, a 50mg bottle costs about £39.38.

Use in medicine

Methemoglobinemia

Although many texts indicate that methylene blue has oxidizing properties, it only acts as an oxidizing agent at very high doses. AT pharmacological doses, it has the properties of a reducing agent. It is for this reason that methylene blue is used as a drug to treat methemoglobinemia. This disease can occur when certain pharmaceuticals, toxins, or beans are taken. Normally, via NADH or NADPH dependent methemoglobin reductase enzymes, methemoglobin is reduced back to hemoglobin. When large amounts of methemoglobin occur secondary to toxins, the methemoglobin reductases become overloaded. Methylene blue, when administered intravenously as an antidote, is itself first reduced to leucomethylene blue, which then reduces the heme group from methemoglobin to hemoglobin. Methylene blue can shorten the half-life of methemoglobin from hours to minutes. However, at high doses, methylene blue actually causes methemoglobinemia by changing this pathway.

Combined with light

Urinary tract infections

Methylene blue is a component of the commonly prescribed diuretic analgesic/anti-infective/anti-spasmodic known as "Prosed", a drug combination that also contains phenyl salicylate, benzoic acid, hyoscyamine sulfate, and methenamine (aka hexamethylenetetramine).

cyanide poisoning

Since the reduction potential of methylene blue is similar to that of oxygen and can be reduced by components of the electron transport chain, large doses of methylene blue are sometimes used as an antidote for potassium cyanide poisoning. This method was first successfully tested in 1933 by Dr. Matilda Moldenhauer Brooks in San Francisco, although it was first demonstrated by Bo Sahlin of Lund University in 1926.

Paint or stains

Methylene blue is used in endoscopic polypectomy as an addition to saline or epinephrine and is used for injection into the submucosa around the polyp to be removed. This allows the plane of submucosal tissue to be identified after removal of the polyp, which is useful in determining whether more tissue needs to be removed and whether there is high risk perforations. Methylene blue is also used as a dye in chromoendoscopy and is sprayed onto the mucosa gastrointestinal tract to identify dysplasia or precancerous lesions. Intravenous methylene blue is readily excreted into urine and thus can be used for testing urinary tract for holes or fistulas. AT surgical operations, such as signal dissections lymph nodes, methylene blue can be used to visually monitor the lymphatic drainage of relevant tissues. Similarly, methylene blue is added to bone cement in orthopedic surgery to provide an easy distinction between natural bone and cement. In addition, methylene blue accelerates the hardening of bone cement, increasing the rate at which bone cement can be effectively applied. Methylene blue is used as an imaging/orientation aid in a number of medical devices including the surgical sealed film, TissuePatch. When methylene blue is "polychromized" (oxidized in solution or "ripened" by fungal metabolism, as originally noted in the thesis of Dr. D. L. Romanovsky in the 1890s), it successively demethylates and forms all three, di, mono and non-methyl intermediates, which are Azure B, Azure A, Azure C, and thionine, respectively. Methylene blue is the basis of the basophilic part of the spectrum of the Romanovsky-Giemsa effect. When using only synthetic Azure B and Eosin Y, it can serve as a standard Giemsa stain; but without methylene blue, normal neutrophil granules tend to be overstained and look like toxic granules. On the other hand, if methylene blue is used, this may contribute to the normal appearance of neutrophil granules and may additionally also enhance the staining of nucleoli and polychromatophilic erythrocytes (reticulocytes). The traditional use of methylene blue is in vivo or supral staining. nerve fibers, an effect first described by Paul Ehrlich in 1887. The diluted dye solution is either injected into the fabric or applied to small, fresh pieces of fabric. A selective blue color develops when exposed to air (oxygen) and can be fixed by immersing the stained sample in water solution ammonium molybdate. The vital methylene blue has been widely used in the past to study the innervation of muscles, skin and internal organs. The mechanism of selective dye uptake is not well understood; vital staining of nerve fibers in the skin is prevented by ouabain, a drug that inhibits Na/K-ATPase cell membranes.

placebo

Methylene blue was used as a placebo; doctors told their patients that their urine would change color and that this could be taken as a sign that their health had improved. This same side effect makes methylene blue difficult to test in traditional placebo-controlled clinical trials.

Ifosfamide toxicity

Another use of methylene blue is in the treatment of ifosfamide neurotoxicity. Methylene blue was first registered for the treatment and prevention of ifosfamide neuropsychiatric toxicity in 1994. Ifosfamide's poisonous metabolite, chloroacetaldehyde (CAA), disrupts the mitochondrial respiratory chain, leading to accumulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH). Methylene blue acts as an alternative electron acceptor and reverses NADH inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and also inhibits the conversion of chlorethylamine to chloroacetaldehyde and inhibits multiple amine oxidase activities by interfering with CAA formation. The dosage of methylene blue for the treatment of ifosfamide neurotoxicity varies depending on its use concomitantly as an adjuvant to ifosfamide infusion versus its use to reverse psychiatric symptoms that occur after completion of the ifosfamide infusion. Methylene blue, when taken up to six doses per day, has been reported to improve symptoms within 10 minutes to several days. Alternatively, intravenous methylene blue every six hours has been suggested for prophylaxis during ifosfamide treatment in patients with a history of ifosfamide neuropsychiatric toxicity. Prophylactic methylene blue the day before ifosfamide and three times daily during ifosfamide chemotherapy has been recommended to reduce the incidence of ifosfamide neurotoxicity.

Vasoplegic syndrome

The use of methylene blue as an adjunct to treat people who experience vasoplegia after cardiac surgery has been reported in the literature.

Side effects

Chemistry

Methylene blue should not be confused with methyl blue, another histological stain, the new methylene blue, or methyl violets often used as pH indicators. Methylene blue is a heterocyclic aromatic chemical compound (phenothiazine derivative) with chemical formula C16H18N3SCl. At room temperature, it appears as a solid, odorless, dark green powder which, when dissolved in water, gives blue solution. The hydrated form contains 3 water molecules per unit of methylene blue. Methylene blue has a pH of 3 in water (10 g/L) at 25 °C (77 °F).

Receipt

light absorption

Methylene blue is a highly potent cationic dye with a maximum light absorption of about 670 nm. The specificity of absorption depends on a number of factors, including protonation, adsorption of other materials and metachromasia - the formation of dimers and aggregates of higher orders depending on concentration and other interactions.

Uses

redox index

Methylene blue is widely used as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry. Solutions of this substance are blue when they are in an oxidizing environment, but become colorless when exposed to a reducing agent. Redox properties can be observed in the classic demonstration of chemical kinetics in general chemistry, the blue bottle experiment. Usually the solution is prepared from glucose (dextrose), methylene blue and sodium hydroxide. When the bottle is shaken, the oxygen oxidizes the methylene blue and the solution turns blue. The dextrose will gradually reduce the methylene blue to its colorless, reduced form. Therefore, when the dissolved dextrose is completely used up, the solution will turn blue again.

Hydrogen Oxide Generator

Methylene blue is also a photosensitizer used to create singlet oxygen when exposed to both oxygen and light. It is used in this regard to prepare organic peroxides by the Diels-Alder reaction, which is spin-forbidden at normal atmospheric triplet oxygen.

Sulfide analysis

The formation of methylene blue after the reaction of hydrogen sulfide with dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine and iron (III) at pH 0.4-0.7 is used to determine by photometric measurements the concentration of sulfide in the range from 0.020 to 1.50 mg / l (from 20 parts per billion up to 1.5 CNM). The test is very sensitive, and the blue color that develops when the reagents come into contact with dissolved H2S is stable for 60 minutes. Ready-to-use kits, such as the Spectroquant Sulfide Test, make routine analyzes easier. The methylene blue sulfide test is a convenient method often used in soil microbiology to quickly detect sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) metabolic activity in water. It should be noted that in this test, methylene blue is a reaction product, not a reactant. The addition of a strong reducing agent such as vitamin C, to a sulfide-containing solution, is sometimes used to prevent the oxidation of sulfide from atmospheric oxygen. While this is certainly a good precaution for sulfide detection with an ion selective electrode, it can prevent the development of blue color if freshly formed methylene blue is also reduced, as described above in the redox indicator paragraph.

water testing

A color reaction in acidified aqueous methylene blue containing chloroform can detect anionic surfactants in a water sample. Such a test is known as the MBAS analysis (analysis active substances methylene blue). However, MBAS analysis cannot distinguish between specific surfactants. Some examples of anionic surfactants are carboxylates, phosphates, sulfates and sulfonates.

The value of methylene blue in fine aggregate

The methylene blue value reflects the amount of clay minerals in the aggregate samples. The methylene blue solution is successively added to the fine aggregate, which is mixed in water. The presence of a free dye solution can be checked with a spot test on filter paper.

biological staining, etc.

In biology, methylene blue is used as a stain for a number of different staining procedures such as Wright's stain and Jenner's stain. Since it is a temporary staining method, methylene blue can also be used to examine RNA or DNA under a microscope or in gel: for example, methylene blue solution can be used to stain RNA on hybridization membranes in northern blot to check the amount of nucleic acid present. Although methylene blue is not as sensitive as ethidium bromide, it is less toxic and does not intercalate in chains. nucleic acids, which avoids interference with the retention of nucleic acids on hybridization membranes or with the hybridization process itself. It can also be used as an indicator of whether eukaryotic cells such as yeast are alive. Methylene blue is reduced in viable cells, leaving them unstained. However, the dead cells are unable to reduce the oxidized methylene blue and the cells stain blue. Methylene blue can interfere with yeast respiration as it picks up hydrogen ions produced in the process.

Aquaculture

Story

Methylene blue has been described as "the first completely synthetic drug used in medicine". Methylene blue was first prepared in 1876 by the German chemist Heinrich Caro. Its use in the treatment of malaria was pioneered by Paul Guttmann and Paul Ehrlich in 1891. During this period before World War I, researchers such as Ehrlich believed that these drugs and dyes worked in a similar way, predominantly staining and possibly harming pathogens. Methylene blue continued to be used during the Second World War, and the soldiers did not like it: "Even in the toilet, when we urinate and see dark blue urine, it is not very pleasant." The antimalarial use of this drug has recently been reintroduced. In 1933, Matilda Brooks discovered that methylene blue was an antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning and cyanide poisoning. Blue urine has been used to monitor compliance with regulatory drug regimens in mental patients. This sparked interest - from the 1890s to the present day - in the antidepressant and other psychotropic effects of drugs. Methylene blue became the leading compound in research leading to the discovery of chlorpromazine.

Names

Study

Malaria

Methylene Blue was identified by Paul Ehrlich around 1891 as a possible treatment for malaria. It ceased to be used against malaria during the Tropical Pacific War, as American and allied soldiers disliked it for its two prominent but reversible side effect: Formation of blue urine and turning the white of the eye blue. Interest in its use as an antimalarial drug has recently been renewed, especially because of its low price. Several clinical trials are currently underway in which attempts are made to find a suitable combination of drugs. According to studies in children in Africa, this drug appears to be effective against malaria, but attempts to combine methylene blue with chloroquine have been disappointing.

Alzheimer's disease

Methionine has been studied for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Methylene blue is hypothesized to affect neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting the aggregation of tau proteins. Methylene blue also affects the dissociation of amyloids. TauRx Therapeutics has reformulated the drug under the brand name LMTX. This formulation goes clinical trials phase 3 for safety and efficacy as "TRx0237". LMTX addresses some of the dose-response concerns that were raised earlier in the study.

Bipolar disorder

Methylene blue has been studied as aid during treatment bipolar disorder. AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, West Nile virus, and inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus and HIV-1 have been studied. For more than 70 years, phenothiazine dyes and light have been known to have virucidal properties.

Methylene blue as a neuroprotector

Traumatic craniocerebral injury (TBI) leads to permanent neurological disorders, and methylene blue (MC) has a neuroprotective effect on the central nervous system. However, only one previous study has examined the efficacy of MS in a controlled cortical model. traumatic injury TBI. In addition, the specific mechanisms underlying the action of MS against TBI remain to be elucidated. In one of the studies, the neuroprotective effect of MS on TBI and possible mechanisms of such action were elucidated. In a mouse model of TBI, animals were randomly divided into sham, placebo (normal saline), or MS groups. The duration of treatment was 24 and 72 hours (acute phase of TBI) and 14 days (chronic phase of TBI) after TBI. During the acute phase, brain water content (BWC), levels of neuronal death and autophagy were determined, and neurological deficit, injury volume, and microglial activation were assessed at all time points. The damaged hemisphere BWC was significantly enlarged 24 h after TBI, and was attenuated after MS treatment. Significantly observed large quantity surviving neurons in the MS group compared with the placebo group at 24 and 72 h after TBI. AT acute phase, MS-treated animals showed significantly increased expression of the Beclin 1 ratio and increased rates LC3-II to LC3-I compared to the placebo group, indicating an increase in the rate of autophagy. Neurological functional deficits, measured using a modified neurological severity score, were significantly lower in the acute phase in MS-treated animals, and brain damage volumes in MS-treated animals were significantly lower compared with other groups at all time points. Microglia were activated 24 h after TBI, reached a maximum after 72 h, and persisted up to 14 days after TBI. Although the number of Iba-1-positive cells in the placebo and MS groups at 24 h post-TBI was not significantly different, marked inhibition of microglia was observed in the MS group at 72 h and 14 days post-TBI. These results indicated that MC has a neuroprotective effect by increasing autophagy, reducing cerebral edema, and inhibiting microglial activation. Another study examined the structure-activity relationship of MS in vitro using MS and six structurally related compounds. MS reduces the formation of mitochondrial superoxide through alternative electron transfer, bypassing mitochondrial complexes I-III. MS reduces the formation of reactive free radicals and provides neuroprotection in HT-22 cells against glutamate, IAA, and rotenone toxicity. In particular, MS does not provide protection against direct oxidative stress caused by glucose oxidase. Replacement of the side chain with 10-nitrogen MC resulted in a 1000-fold decrease in the protective ability against glutamate neurotoxicity. Compounds without side chains at positions 3 and 7, chlorophenothiazine and phenothiazine, have clear redox potentials compared to MC and are not able to enhance mitochondrial transport while gaining direct antioxidant actions against glutamate, IAA and rotenone actions. Chlorophenothiazine showed a direct antioxidant effect in the mitochondrial lysate assay compared to MS, which required reconstitution with NADH and mitochondria. MS increased complex intravenous expression and activity, while 2-chlorophenothiazine had no effect. The study showed that MS can attenuate superoxide production by functioning as an alternative mitochondrial transport vehicle and as a regenerative antioxidant in mitochondria.

Nuclear and mitochondrial disorders in progeria

Progeria, or fatal premature aging, is caused by a single nucleotide mutation in the LMNA gene. Previous reports have focused on nuclear phenotypes in HGPS cells, however the potential contribution of mitochondria, a key player in normal aging, remains unclear. Using high-resolution microscopic analysis, a significantly increased proportion of swollen and fragmented mitochondria and a marked decrease in mitochondrial motility in HGPS fibroblast cells were demonstrated. Notably, the expression of PGC-1α, a central regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, was inhibited by progerin. To salvage mitochondrial defects, HGPS cells were treated with the mitochondrial antioxidant methylene blue (MC). The analysis showed that MS not only reduced mitochondrial defects, but also helped to reveal nuclear abnormalities in HGPS cells. Additional Analysis showed that MS treatment releases progerin from the nuclear membrane, restores loss of perinuclear heterochromatins, and corrects unregulated gene expression in HGPS cells. Together, these results demonstrate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of phenotypes. premature aging in HGPS cells and propose MS as a promising therapeutic approach to HGPS.

Cellular and molecular actions of methylene blue in the nervous system

Recent studies show that MS has beneficial effect in Alzheimer's disease and improves memory. Although modulation of the cGMP pathway is considered to be the most significant effect of MS mediating it pharmacological actions, recent studies show that it has multiple cellular and molecular targets. In most cases, the biological effects and clinical applications of MS are dictated by its unique physical and chemical properties, including its planar structure, redox chemistry, ionic charges, and light spectrum characteristics.

:Tags

List of used literature:

Hamilton, Richard (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 471. ISBN 9781284057560

Ahmad, Iqbal; Aqil, Farrukh (2008). New Strategies Combating Bacterial Infection. John Wiley & Sons. p. 91. ISBN 9783527622948.

Salah M.; Samy N.; Fadel M. (January 2009). "Methylene blue mediated photodynamic therapy for resistant plaque psoriasis". J. Drugs Dermatol. 8(1):42–9. PMID 19180895

Blue from stomatitis was popular 10-20 years ago. Therefore, now when a child has stomatitis, mothers and, especially, grandmothers often remember blue. Does bluing help with stomatitis? Let's figure it out together.

What is blue?

Blue is the popular name for the thiazine dye methylene blue. Blue has antiseptic properties. For medical use, it is available in the form of a 1% aqueous and 1% alcohol solution and in powder.

Application methods

• The alcohol solution is used only externally for pyoderma, chickenpox, herpes, for the treatment of wounds. It is not recommended to apply it to mucous membranes.
• A 1% aqueous solution of methylene blue can be applied topically (applied to the skin) and topically (applied to the mucous membranes).
• 1% aqueous solution in 25% glucose solution for intravenous administration- is administered intravenously slowly for poisoning with hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, cyanides, aniline, nitrites, as an antidote.
• 0.02% aqueous solution can be used to flush the urethra and Bladder.
• Methylene blue powder is taken orally for cystitis and urethritis.

As can be seen from the above, an aqueous solution of blue can not only be applied to mucous membranes, but even taken orally and administered intravenously, therefore blue is quite safe.

Blue has antiseptic properties, which means it kills harmful microbes in the oral cavity.

Therefore, blue can be used for stomatitis.

How to apply?

• With stomatitis, only a 1% aqueous solution of methylene blue can be used. An alcohol solution of bluing is not used for stomatitis, because it causes discomfort in the mouth, increases pain, and can lead to burns of the oral mucosa.
• A 1% aqueous solution of methylene blue for stomatitis should be applied to the lesions (sores, blisters, etc.) on the oral mucosa 5-6 times a day after meals.
• 1% aqueous solution of methylene blue for stomatitis is approved for use in children from birth.

Why is bluing from stomatitis rarely used?

Modern pediatricians rarely prescribe bluing from stomatitis, and before it was often used. Why? Because now there are new, more effective means for the treatment of certain forms of stomatitis.

Blue with herpetic stomatitis

In children, the most common type is herpetic stomatitis. This is viral disease. Methylene blue has no effect on the herpes virus. It only protects the damaged oral mucosa from secondary infection with microbes. Therefore, at herpetic stomatitis blue can only be used as an aid in combination with antiviral drugs(Viferon gel, acyclovir, etc.).

Blue with thrush

The second most common form of stomatitis in children is fungal stomatitis or. Methylene blue also has no noticeable effect on fungi. With thrush, a solution of borax in glycerin and a candide solution for the oral cavity are used.

Blue with bacterial stomatitis

Methylene blue will only be effective for stomatitis caused by germs. This may be aphthous stomatitis or stomatitis that occurs after damage (injury) to the oral mucosa. With microbial stomatitis, methylene blue gives an excellent effect with frequent 5-6 r / d application to lesions in the oral cavity.

Contraindications

Blue from stomatitis is contraindicated for those who have an individual intolerance or allergy to blue.

Disadvantages of 1% methylene blue aqueous solution

• Methylene blue in an aqueous solution is not always found in a pharmacy. It can be prepared in the prescription department with a doctor's prescription, but the shelf life of such a solution is 10-14 days.
• If you opened an industrially manufactured 1% aqueous solution of methylene blue, then its shelf life after opening the vial is 10-14 days.

Is it possible to prepare a 1% aqueous solution of bluing at home?

Can. And even - not difficult. Dilute 10 g of powder (contents of 1 bottle of powder) in 1 liter of boiled or distilled water. Mix, strain through 4-6 layers of gauze. The solution is ready.

From all of the above, we can conclude that bluing from stomatitis can be used in children from birth, but only as directed by a pediatrician or dentist.
Stay healthy!

Blue medicinal is a remedy for various diseases. It has been used very successfully and for a long time in dentistry. In particular, we are talking about stomatitis, common including in children.

Indications for use

A drug such as pharmacy blue is used today in many cases. The most common of these is the use of methylene to treat burns, pyoderma, and other skin conditions. Often, the use of the drug is also noted in the treatment of urethritis, cystitis, and other inflammatory processes in urinary tract- moreover, both external use of methylene blue and internal is possible.

An effective solution of methylene blue is also effective in case of poisoning - it is administered intravenously. Blue from stomatitis is another direction in the use of the drug. Read the instructions for using methylene blue.

Composition of methylene blue

The "blue drug", the instructions for use of which are listed below, is a blue liquid. It contains the main substance - methylthioninium chloride and ethanol. With stomatitis, a common solution stops inflammatory process and helps the wounds heal much faster. As practice has shown, its effectiveness in the treatment of stomatitis is many times higher, when compared even with popular medicines for it.

Forms of release of the drug

The drug is available as a crystalline dark green powder, in the form of a ready-made alcohol solution or crystals of the same color. Ready solution medical methylene blue has other names: like Methyllenblu and methylthionium chloride.

Instructions for using blue

Blue pharmacy methylene is used in accordance with the instructions. If this blue remedy is used externally, then prepare a solution of powder and alcohol in a ratio of 1:100 or 3:100, depending on specific case. With the help of cotton wool or a bandage, the medicine is applied in a thin layer to the skin area. For greater effectiveness of treatment, along with the affected tissues, the healthy areas that surround them are also slightly captured.

If the blue solution is used orally, then it is prepared in a low concentration and immediately before use, in a ratio of 1:5000. If medical blue is used in the treatment of a child from any disease, then the dosage of the drug is 0.005-0.01 g for 1 year.

Due to the fact that medicinal methylene blue is an antiseptic, it is often used to treat stomatitis in children and adults. To do this, take a 1% aqueous solution (alcohol can burn the oral mucosa) and apply it with a clean cotton swab to wounds and blisters in the mouth 5-6 times a day after the child has eaten. A solution of the popular methylene blue is allowed to be used from 1 year. Blue from stomatitis is effective in any of its forms.

If stomatitis caused by herpes is being treated, then when treating sores, the minimum area next to them should be captured. As a rule, blue in this form of stomatitis is used in combination with antiviral drugs prescribed by a doctor. If blue is used to treat stomatitis in a child for breastfeeding, then it is smeared on the nipple of the mother's breast before feeding. This is due to the fact that the mucous membrane of the baby is too vulnerable and it can be damaged with a bandage.

The therapeutic effect of the drug

Pharmacy blue methylene renders therapeutic effect on the human body due to its active ingredient, which has the property of disinfecting and anesthetizing. Methylene blue, which includes methylthioninium chloride and ethanol, has a redox effect on the human body.

Application methods

An alcohol solution of blue, due to its composition, is used to treat viral diseases:

• chickenpox;
• herpes;
• pyoderma;
• stomatitis in children.

An identical solution is also used in the treatment of wounds. An alcohol solution is not applied to the mucous membrane, since it can form wounds on it. For application to the mucous membrane, as well as to the skin, a 1% solution of methylene blue is used.

If substance poisoning has occurred ( carbon monoxide, cyanides, nitrites), then a 1% aqueous solution of the drug, together with a 25% glucose solution, is administered intravenously.

Contraindications for use

The drug has contraindications for use. Blue is not used in case of individual intolerance to the components in the preparation - manifested by symptoms such as headache, allergic rash and other manifestations on the skin, severe psychological discomfort. Also, the contraindications that medical methylene blue has include pregnancy and childhood up to 1 year.

Stomatitis is a fairly common disease that affects the mucous membrane of the mouth. With this disease, unwanted discomfort and various pain when eating. A lot of other unpleasant sensations may also arise, as a result of the spread of the disease completely to the entire cavity of the oral mucosa, the temperature may rise, and headaches may appear.

Causes

If someone close to you is sick with this disease, do not be afraid. This is the disease is not transmitted and is not contagious. Causes of this disease include:

• malnutrition, inadequate intake of healthy and wholesome food and, as a result, a lack of vitamins in the body;
• beriberi, most often the result of prolonged poor-quality nutrition, when the body does not receive all the micro and macro elements it needs;
• smoking;
• anemia, characterized sharp decline hemoglobin in the blood of a person, as a result, in a weakened body, immunity decreases and various bacterial infections cling;
• various pathogenic microorganisms that are primarily pathogens infectious diseases. Also, the causes of the onset of the disease can also be attributed to such factors as dehydration, which appeared as a result of prolonged vomiting or diarrhea, or poorly installed dentures.

Treatment

The necessary course of treatment is prescribed by the doctor after examining the oral cavity and determining the severity of the disease. Depending on the degree of the disease, antipyretic, antiviral or antimicrobial agent. As a rule, if it is not a very neglected or severe form, then stomatitis can go away without treatment in a week.

In ancient times, such a treatment was especially popular for the treatment of stomatitis. medicinal product like blue. Not to be confused with blue for household purposes. Its use for quite a long time is very good, many still keep this remedy in their home medicine cabinets.

Blue is a drug with a pronounced antiseptic property. In pharmacology, the correct name for this drug sounds like - methylene blue from stomatitis. The peculiarity of this drug is expressed in its ability to produce insoluble compounds with proteins of an infectious microorganism. The use of medical blue in treatment is based on this action. When applied topically to damaged skin, the medicine does not enter the bloodstream. Methylene blue is ordered and made in special prescription pharmacies.

Methylene blue is recommended for topical use in patients with lesions. skin or burns, as well as with purulent-inflammatory lesions of the skin, including mucous membranes. Inside prescribed to take with diseases genitourinary system such as urethritis or cystitis. Also bluing used as an antidote in acute poisoning with acids and various chemicals, as well as in a disease such as methemoglobinemia, which is characterized by increased value methemoglobin, approximately 1% of general content hemoglobin.

Blue against stomatitis

Before prescribing treatment for stomatitis, the doctor at the appointment should examine the affected oral cavity and establish a diagnosis. Then, depending on the severity of the disease, antipyretic, antiviral, and then medical blue treatment are prescribed. The number of times the sores are treated with the drug also depends on how severe the stage of the disease is in the patient. Adults are usually prescribed mucosal treatment up to fifteen times a day, children can be less, but again, the amount of treatment is prescribed directly by the doctor. You need to process carefully, for this you can take a cotton swab and smear each wound pointwise.

Following the prescribed instructions, the wounds, as a rule, begin to heal in 3-4 days. Sometimes a doctor may recommend, after a course of treatment, to treat the oral mucosa with drugs for faster healing.

Methylene blue is produced mainly in the form of a powder of 10 g. in each sachet; in the form of a 1% alcohol solution in capsules of 10-15 ml and in the form of a 1% solution of blue in a 25% glucose solution, also in ampoules of 20-25 ml.

According to the instructions, methylene blue at various skin diseases prescribed to apply externally in the form of lubrication with a 0.5-3% alcohol solution.

For the treatment of limited neurodermatitis (a disease in which the patient has chronic pruritic dermatosis), prescribe medical blue as an intramuscular injection in the form of a 2.5% solution for 2% novocaine for four days. The injection should be done no more than once a day.

In the treatment of genitourinary diseases, blue is used as lavages directly to the urethra and bladder, if the patient has just aggravated the inflammatory process, then they are also prescribed to take powder 0.1 g each inside. several times a day.

Like any drug, methylene blue also has contraindications - this individual intolerance to one of the components, which are part of the drug, and also can not be used to treat diseases in young children whose age has not reached 1 year.

The drug can be prescribed to pregnant women if the expected benefit from the drug for the mother will far exceed the risk that is possible for the baby.