Benefits for parents with a disabled child. Benefits when a disabled child enrolls in a college or university

Probably the worst thing for families with disabled children is to be left alone with their misfortune.

Categories of benefits provided to families with disabled children

The state helps families with disabled children. For this purpose, it was introduced a large number of subsidies. All benefits provided to such families are conditionally divided into a number of groups:

Pension subsidies. The law approves three main benefits in this area:

Establishment social pension and corresponding additional payments to it.
Payments to unemployed people who care for a disabled child. They make up sixty percent of the minimum wage. This is due to the inability to work because of the child.
The mother of a disabled person, who raised him until the age of eight, receives the right to retire early, at age fifty. But, at the same time, she must have at least fifteen years of work experience.

The pension amount can be increased at the regional level. But a reduction in this size is not allowed.

Benefits for mothers of disabled children under the labor code. Such subsidies are regulated by law:

The parent of a disabled child has the right to take four additional days of rest per month, and this is paid time.
A person raising a disabled child is entitled to additional unpaid leave. It is fourteen days per year. It can be taken annually.
The parent of a disabled child has the right to work part-time.
People raising a disabled child have the opportunity to refuse business trips and work on weekends or holidays.

A person applying for the above benefits must write an application at work and provide paper confirming the fact of raising a disabled child. It is also necessary to bring a statement indicating that the other parent has not used these benefits during the year.

The exception is business trips and work on weekends. Such benefits can be provided to both parents at the same time.

Housing subsidies. In accordance with the law, families with disabled children can count on the following subsidies:

Allocation of housing if the family is registered as low-income.
Subsidy for half of the payment for utility bills and rent, in case of renting housing.
Free allocation of land plots.

Such families are provided with housing whose square footage exceeds the established norm. To use the above, you need to contact the administration of your region of residence.

Subsidies for the use of transport. Disabled children, their parents and guardians have the right to use the following state and regional benefits:

Free travel on public transport. This benefit is used by the child and the person accompanying him. In this case, you must provide identification and a document that confirms your identity. A parent and guardian can also use the subsidy by providing: a special certificate and a passport.
Starting from October 1 and ending on May 15, such children are given a fifty percent discount when purchasing a ticket for an intercity flight by any vehicle. It is possible to purchase a ticket with this discount and other dates, but only once a year.
Once a year there is an opportunity to travel to and from the place of treatment free of charge. An accompanying person can also count on free travel.

Deduction when calculating income tax individuals(NDFL). Not all people know that for every child of a disabled person up to the age of eighteen, or a full-time student up to the age of twenty-four, such a benefit is provided. Only a working parent or adoptive parent can use it.

It allows you to increase your take-home pay. In fact, a deduction is an amount that is subtracted from total income. And only after that the personal income tax is calculated.

The amount of such benefit is determined as follows:

for a parent or adoptive parent - 12,000 rubles
a guardian and foster parent can take advantage of a deduction equal to 6,000 rubles

The amounts of tax deductions are established by law. That is, their size may change.

This benefit has its own design nuances:

Provided by the employer based on the employee’s application.
It is independent of other benefits.
Issued annually, before the end of the reporting period.
When a child is raised by one parent, the benefit is double.

Benefits for travel to the place of treatment

Starting from 2016, such a deduction is provided for up to a month until the total income of the parent reaches three hundred fifty thousand rubles.

After this threshold, the benefit does not apply.

Its resumption will take place from the beginning of next year.

Benefits for mothers of children with disabilities from childhood for education and training.

If a child has passed the entrance exams, he is enrolled without taking into account the competition of certificates. But when it has no contraindications from the medical commission.

When a disabled person from childhood enters a university, he has the following benefits:

A chance to enter the free faculty without exams.
He will be accepted into the educational institution at successful completion exams.
Has advantages in case of disputed points.
Provided free education in preparatory courses for entering a university.

You should be careful when choosing an educational institution, since such benefits are provided only once.

To enter an educational institution, the following documents must be provided to the dean's office:

The established sample application.
Passport or other identification document.
Documentation indicating the presence of a disability.
Certificate from the medical commission confirming the fact of disability.
A certificate confirming the absence of contraindications to study in such educational institutions.
For younger children, conditions are created to stay in preschool organizations on preferential terms. If the child medical indications cannot attend general preschool he must be provided with a stay in a specialized institution.
Another benefit is exemption from preschool institutions.
The right is granted to raise children at home and in non-state special institutions with reimbursement of costs. The benefit is given to parents and adoptive parents of disabled children.
For the education of disabled children with significant deviations, special correctional free organizations are created. They help with the treatment, education and social adaptation of children.
Benefit for medical care. The legislation of our country guarantees the possibility of rehabilitation for disabled children.
The state provides children with disabilities means and services according to a certain list free of charge. This list includes: wheelchairs, crutches, as well as their repair. The general list contains twenty-six items.
Every parent of a disabled child should know that their children can receive medical care at any level throughout the country. This includes: sanatorium, therapeutic and surgical treatment.
A child with a disability and his accompanying person are given free vouchers to the sanatorium. Travel is also paid for by the state for both.

A mother who is raising a disabled child alone can enjoy all the benefits and guarantees established for a single parent. Absolutely all categories of subsidies help parents and guardians of children provide them with everything they need.

Almost all benefits are issued through social protection or multifunctional centers(MFC). Each of them requires separate registration, as well as the submission of its own package of documentation.

You can watch the video about the rights and benefits of parents of disabled children:

Submit your question in the form below

Who is entitled to payments and benefits for disabled children?

Benefits for children with disabilities are provided both in the form of discounts, sometimes reaching 100%, and cash payments– benefits and pensions. The law also provides for the provision of benefits and benefits to parents who have a disabled child or his guardian. Although payments are provided for federal level, regions, based on budgetary capabilities, can introduce them additionally.

IMPORTANT! Benefits and payments to disabled children are not provided automatically. To receive them, you need to come to the branch Pension Fund or to the multifunctional service center with an application and kit necessary documents. The family must necessarily live in Russia.

An increased allowance for a child with a disability is received one time by one of the parents if the family adopts him or her. It is preferable to apply for benefits to a parent who has a job at the time of receipt. If it was received during the transfer of a disabled minor to a foster family or guardianship, when registering the adoption again, the payment benefit does not apply.

In the event of a divorce, the parent who remains with the disabled minor receives alimony from ex-spouse not only for its content, but also for your own benefit. The amount of alimony is set at court hearing. It is determined by the degree of need of the parent with whom he remains and who will care for him.

The mother of a child with a disability receives special rights to use maternity capital. It can be spent on adaptation and rehabilitation. Goods and services (48 in total) that can be purchased with this money are listed in Executive Order No. 831. This right can be exercised in the form of compensation for funds already spent.

Social disability pension

A disabled child is provided with a social pension from the state until the age of majority or until the disability is lifted during this period. In addition, he is entitled to a monthly allowance - the so-called EDV. Its size is determined by what exactly social services parents of a disabled child want to replace it with a cash benefit.

The maximum benefit amount will be if you refuse all services. Minimum if you save all services from the required list:

medicines and medical care items, medical nutrition;
vouchers for treatment;
transport.

The amount of pensions for disabled minors and compensation benefits for social services is reviewed annually. To formalize a waiver of benefits and replace them with money, you need to submit an application to the Pension Fund before the end of September this year in order to start receiving them from the beginning of the next year.

Care payments

Parents or guardians who are unemployed because they care for children with disabilities receive once a month an amount equal to 60% of the established minimum wage. In addition, a smaller amount is due if another person is caring for the minor.

IMPORTANT! This benefit for a disabled child is issued only to working people. Pensioners or the unemployed cannot use this benefit.

Medical service

For families with disabled children, it is important to receive medical benefits. Medicines and other medications prescribed by a doctor can be obtained free of charge at the pharmacy. This benefit also applies to the purchase of items medical purposes, for example, insulin needles, test strips for glucometers, syringe pens, dressings.

The law defines more than twenty items and services for orthopedic support. You can get a stroller, cane, crutches for free, hearing aid. Provided free provision prosthetics, as well as services for their repair.

Sanatorium-resort privileges

Such families can count on receiving free products For therapeutic nutrition children. Sanatorium treatment also occurs due to state budget. Free trip is provided not only to the minor, but also to one of the parents who accompanies him.

He also has the right to issue a certificate of incapacity for work for the period of travel and stay with a minor in a sanatorium institution. To receive such a benefit, you will need a doctor's opinion that the minor's condition requires accompanying him.

IMPORTANT! If these services are not used, they can be replaced with monetary compensation.

Preferences in the housing and communal services sector

When paying housing and utilities benefits are provided to parents of disabled children in the amount of half their cost. The contribution for major renovation. Families raising a minor with a disability are entitled to a 50% discount on telephone payments.

If such a family lives in conditions where there is no centralized heating supply system in their home, they will be compensated for half the costs of purchasing firewood and coal for heating.

Families that include a minor with a disability have the right to receive housing out of turn, especially if his illness is among the serious illnesses on the list number 333 of the Ministry of Health, adopted in 1983.

They are also given the opportunity to bypass the queue to obtain a plot of land to build a house.

Transport benefits

In all types of transport in the city for the disabled childhood Free travel is allowed. The exception is taxis. An accompanying person can travel for free. You must have a disability ID card and an identity document with you. The same benefit applies to commuter electric trains.

By sanatorium voucher Once a year, disabled children with an accompanying person can travel to the place of treatment by train for free. Condition: it must be within the country. Compensation for air travel is also possible. To purchase a train ticket, you will need a special transport coupon, which is issued by the social security service after submitting the appropriate application.

For treatment or examination, children with disabilities are allowed to travel free on suburban and intercity buses. On the Sapsan high-speed train there are carriages and seats where tickets for disabled people are sold at 60% of the cost.

Benefits for raising and training disabled children

For children with disabilities, parents can receive a number of privileges that help in their upbringing and education:

admission to kindergarten bypass the queue, visit it without paying;
the opportunity to apply for home education provided there is an appropriate medical certificate;
meals at school at the expense of the budget;
relaxations when taking the Unified State Exam;
rehabilitation assistance from a psychologist and social worker.

If possible, conditions for adaptation and rehabilitation are created for children with disabilities to attend kindergartens and schools. For preschoolers whose disability prevents them from attending a regular kindergarten, there are specialized institutions.

Schoolchildren with developmental disabilities can receive education in schools or correctional classes that also provide the basics social adaptation and integration.

To be referred to such institutions, a child undergoes a special commission with the participation of doctors, teachers, and psychologists. The consent of the parents, adoptive parent or guardian is also required.

Getting a profession

To enter a higher or secondary educational institution, minors with disabilities from childhood only need to pass an exam for any positive assessment. In this case, they are exempt from participation in the competition for admission.

Required medical certificate, confirming that the child’s disability is not a contraindication for studying in this educational institution. Applicants with this status can attend the preparatory department of an educational institution for free.

IMPORTANT! The privilege for admission due to disability is granted to a minor once, so it is important to take a balanced approach to choosing a future profession.

If a minor with a disability wants to obtain a bachelor's degree or specialization, the law provides for admission to a budget department without exams or within the framework of a quota upon successful completion. In the event of a tie, the applicant with a disability is admitted first.

Labor benefits

Benefits for mothers of disabled children allow them to add the period when they cared for such children to their length of service labor activity. The mother of a disabled person since childhood is allowed to apply for a pension from the age of 50 if she raised him from birth to the age of eight, while the work experience must reach 15 years.

For the father, under the same condition, receiving a pension is possible five years later, while the length of service to receive the benefit must be at least 20 years.

Parents and guardians, if they work, are entitled to certain labor benefits:

Receive an additional four days off during the month with full payment. This benefit can be used by one of the parents or they can share it among themselves.
If the family lives in a village, a woman can take a fifth additional day off within a month, but without pay.
Take an additional two weeks of vacation, choosing the time of your choice.
The mother of a disabled minor is allowed to reduce her working day or week until he turns 16 years old. Salaries are paid for hours actually worked, but the vacation does not become shorter and the length of service remains the same.
The parent of a disabled minor may be exempt from night shifts.

IMPORTANT! Overtime work or business travel is only possible with written consent employees if they have disabled children.

Tax benefits

Tax legislation provides benefits to working parents of disabled children in the form of an increase in the portion of wages that is not taxed. This amount is fixed: for a parent and adoptive parent it is twice as much as for a guardian and adoptive parent.

For single parents, this tax benefit is doubled. Also, one of the parents can receive double the amount of the benefit if the other refuses it. If there are several children with disabilities in the family,... To receive this benefit, you need to write to the payroll department at your place of work.

Parents, adoptive parents, and guardians of children with disabilities have the right to a discount when paying transport tax. It depends on the region and can reach 100%. To obtain this right you must submit an application to tax office and confirm the right to the benefit with a document confirming the child’s disability. One such benefit is provided per family.

The state takes care of its citizens, in particular, children, especially if they have serious problems with health. If a child is disabled, benefits are provided to parents or guardians without fail and apply to almost all areas of life.

Disabled child: benefits for parents or guardians. (The state shows increased concern for disabled children)

When we're talking about For children and adolescents under 18 years of age, disability is assigned without gradation by group. Serious health problems are considered as grounds for making such a decision. A conclusion on disability is made by a special commission and does this based on the results of a medical and sanitary examination.

In 5 tbsp. The rules for recognizing persons with disabilities clearly list all the grounds for establishing disability:

congenital or acquired pathologies, injuries that provoked a serious disorder important functions body;
complete or partial lack of ability to learn, move, self-care and other normal human activities;
established need for social protection.

Important! In order for the commission to make a decision on assigning disability, all three conditions must be met simultaneously.

If we talk about the timing of assignment of disability, they are determined by the severity of the disease and general condition health. When there is a chance of cure or significant improvement in the situation, disability is given for 1-2 years. When repeated conducting ITU may leave you disabled for up to 5 years. If the commission noted a deterioration in health or a persistent lack of improvement, disability may be granted until the person reaches 18 years of age.

Important! Full list diseases and disorders for which a child is given a disability are presented in the appendix to the above-mentioned rules. There are 23 points in total, including cancer..

We understand that when it comes to a disabled child, he needs special attention and care. At the same time, parents cannot fully work and require financial support from the state. Thus, benefits are provided in a fairly wide range.

Cash assistance and pension

Disabled children are required to receive a pension. You can learn about the procedure for calculation and payments from the Law of the Russian Federation “On State Pensions”, Art. 17, 21, 38, 113, 114, 115. Currently, the amount of pension accruals has reached 12,000 rubles. The size of the social pension can be increased at the regional level, but it cannot be reduced.

Additionally, in addition to the pension, children receive social payments. Their value ranges from 2600 rubles.

Non-working persons (parents, guardians) who care for a child are accrued special compensation payments. They are produced monthly and amount to 60% of the officially approved minimum wage. On practice - this is approximately 5500 rubles.

If a woman raised a disabled child under 8 years of age, she begins to receive a pension from the moment she reaches 50 years of age. To do this, one condition must be met - the presence of a 15-year-old length of service. This period includes all the time the mother cared for a child with a disability. All these points are spelled out in the Law of the Russian Federation “On State Pensions”, Art. 11, 92(b).

To register compensation allowance, which is paid to persons caring for a disabled child regardless of the degree of family relationship, it is necessary to collect the following documents for the Pension Fund:

application for benefits;
passport - copy and original;
SNILS of the applicant and the person requiring care;
birth certificate of a disabled child;
conclusion about disability;
certificate from the employment center. It should be noted here that the parent or guardian is not receiving unemployment benefits;
guardian's work record;
current bank account.

Submitted documents are reviewed within 10 days. Payments begin on the 1st of the month. If a decision is made to refuse, it is announced within 30 days.

Labor benefits

Working parents or guardians of disabled children are provided with the following labor benefits

A woman caring for a disabled child under 16 years of age has legal right work part-time and part-time. Labor is paid proportionally, depending on the time worked. This procedure is prescribed in the Labor Code.

Also, the mother cannot be left overtime or sent on business trips if she has not agreed to this herself.

An employer does not have the right to refuse a woman employment or reduce wages due to having a child with disabilities.

If a mother is raising a disabled child on her own, the Labor Code prohibits dismissing her from work. The only exceptions are situations when we are talking about the complete liquidation of the company. But, in this case, the woman must be given a new job. This procedure is prescribed in Articles 54 and 170 of the mentioned document.

Also, one of the parents raising a child with disabilities will receive 4 additional days off per month. They can be used by one person or each parent for 2 days.

Leave is granted to the father or mother at any time convenient for them.

Important! If one of the spouses plans to take additional days off or vacation, he must provide the employer with confirmation that the other spouse did not use these benefits. Both parents can simultaneously exercise only the right to refuse business trips or overtime work.

Tax benefits

They are provided to one of the parents. The procedure is regulated by clause 4 of Art. 218 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. It is noted here that either the father or the mother is given a tax deduction of 12,000 rubles. It is calculated every month. If a disabled child is raised by guardians or trustees, a reduced deduction applies to them, and its amount is 3,000 rubles.

Housing benefits

They are regulated by the law on social protection of disabled people. Information on the topic is indicated in article 17. It is noted here that families raising a child with disabilities can count on the following:

provision of housing. This is paid for by the state. The only thing that is required of parents is to register where persons in need of improved housing conditions are registered;
payment of 50% of utility bills. If a family rents premises for social rent, half the cost will be repaid;
- provision of land for its subsequent use for personal purposes. Again, in order for parents to exercise this right, it is necessary to submit the appropriate application and documents to the social service.

Additionally, the family can count on expanding the living space. It is possible in a number of situations that are prescribed in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 817 of December 21, 2004. Since 2018, the updated list has come into force dated November 30, 2012 No. 991n.

Families raising a child with a disability are provided with benefits for utility bills. The amount of payments is reduced by half. This benefit applies to housing from the category of premises for social rent.

Medical benefits

In accordance with Art. 9 of Law No. 181-FZ, every child with disabilities and problematic health has the full right to the necessary rehabilitation. Therefore, public medical and other institutions must provide free of charge:

some medications;
technical aids, such as crutches or wheelchairs;
rehabilitation or treatment.

All the benefits that you can count on in this situation are listed in Order No. 2347-r dated December 30, 2005. On the topic of treatment, clarification is given by the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 328 of December 29, 2004.

If a child is being raised by a single mother, she has the full right to enjoy all the necessary benefits provided for families with disabled children. Additionally, she is provided benefit programs, designed for single parents.

Transport benefits

A disabled child, as well as the person accompanying him (mother, father or guardian) have the full right to free travel in the city public transport. Only taxis do not fall into this category. To obtain the right not to pay the fare, you must present the driver with a disability certificate, as well as a document confirming the relationship between the child and the person accompanying him.

Additionally, the state has provided the following benefits:

50% discount on any intercity transport except taxi;
free travel to the place of treatment. The trip is paid by the state both ways. The benefit can be used once a year.

Additional privileges may be provided, depending on the regional charter, as well as the health status of a particular disabled child.

Benefits for training

Every child with a disability has every right to attend kindergarten and school. These can be regular or special institutions. Benefits for parents include a simplified admission scheme, discounts or complete absence need to pay tuition fees.

If a disabled child needs training and education at home or in non-governmental institution, in such situations, parents can also count on preferential conditions. The detailed procedure is prescribed in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 18, 1996 No. 861.

Video - Benefits for disabled children. Rights and benefits for parents of disabled children

Parents of disabled children have a number of benefits stipulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Some of them belong to preemptive rights concerning . Let's take a closer look at them.

Leave for parents of a disabled child under the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

The parent of a child with disabilities retains all standard rights. This is the right to annual leave with payments in accordance with the average salary of the employee, issued in the order of priority specified in the vacation schedule. In 2015, Federal Law No. 242-FZ was published on July 13, 2015, on the basis of which adjustments were made to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. In particular, there was new article 262.1, according to which the category of workers in question now has additional guarantees:

Right to take compulsory leave at a convenient time, if required to care for children and adolescents with disabilities.
The right to additional days off.

ATTENTION! These guarantees apply only to parents of children under the age of majority.

What is additional paid leave?

It is additional paid leave for parents that is not provided. The Labor Code of the Russian Federation says nothing about this benefit. However, some people understand additional leave as:

Standard leave, issued in accordance with benefits.
Leave to care for a child up to 3 years old.
Extra days off.

The last point is closest to the concept of second paid leave. The right to additional days off is stipulated by Article 262 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. It is provided only to one of the parents. To receive a day off, you must make a written application. The employer is obliged to provide an employee caring for a disabled child with 4 additional days off per month. All these days are paid at the standard rate.

ATTENTION! All provisions discussed here are enshrined in law. However, nothing prevents the entrepreneur from installing additional leave with the condition of payment as a benefit to parents of disabled children. To do this, it will be necessary to make all relevant amendments to collective acts.

Documentary support of registration

To provide time off, parents will need some documents:

Conclusion medical and social examination, confirming disability (examination must be completed regularly).
Papers establishing the child’s place of residence.
Birth or adoption certificate.
A certificate from the second parent’s work stating that they did not use the right to holidays and did not submit a corresponding application to the employer.

Most documents are provided only once. For example, a parent can bring a birth certificate once and not do it again when applying for a day off. However, there are a number of documents that must be provided regularly. These include:

Certificates from the second parent's work.
Conclusion of the examination (depending on the type of disability, you need to undergo this procedure every 1-5 years).

ATTENTION! The right to additional days off can be used by either one or the other parent. In this case, such “vacation” is divided. For example, a mother took 2 days off to care for a child with disabilities. The father still has the right to take the remaining 2 days.

Submission procedure

The procedure for registering additional days off is specified in Resolution No. 1048 of October 13, 2014. The following stages of this procedure can be distinguished:

Submission of an application by one of the parents.
Providing the employee with all necessary documents.
Drawing up an order from the manager to issue additional days off. The document is drawn up according to another template developed by the company.
The employee must be familiarized with the order against signature.

The employee indicates in his application those days for providing days off that are convenient for him. However, usually specific dates are determined after negotiations with the boss. For example, there is little work on Friday, and therefore the employer wants to send the employee on a day off on this particular day, so as not to interfere with work processes.

ATTENTION! The employer is obliged to provide the employee with additional days off if he has sent a corresponding application, to which he has attached all necessary documents. Otherwise, the company is fined in the amount of 30-50 thousand rubles or its work is suspended for up to 3 months. These penalties are established by part 1 of article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Payment for additional days off

Article 17 of Federal Law No. 213 states that additional days off are paid by the Social Insurance Fund. Paragraph 12 of the rules established by Resolution No. 1048 of October 13, 2014 states that payment must correspond to the employee’s average earnings. That is, for example, an employee receives 1,000 rubles per shift. Accordingly, his income for 4 additional days off will be 4,000 rubles.

IMPORTANT! The FSS often tries to refuse payments if part-time workers demand them. This is due to the fact that employees have already received compensation at their main place of work. However, this is illegal, since the worker can enjoy benefits at both places of work. This is stipulated by part 2 of article 287 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain all required payments from the Social Insurance Fund.

Unpaid leave

The right to additional leave at any time convenient for the parent is established by Article 263 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. There are the following options for using the provided days:

Joining the main leave (performed on the basis of a written application).
Division into parts.
Use all 14 days at once.

IMPORTANT! If an employee does not exercise his right in the current year, next year vacation will not be rescheduled.

Exist following rules provision of additional leave:

Its total duration cannot be more than 2 weeks.
All vacation days are unpaid.
The employee determines the vacation period in accordance with his own ideas. For example, he can go on vacation for a week in the first half of the year, and add the remaining week to his main vacation. The main thing is that the total duration of such weekends does not exceed 2 weeks.

IMPORTANT! All of the above points also apply to those parents who work part-time. At the second place of service, their employer is also obliged to comply with the requirements of Article 263 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Additional standards

All guarantees used by the parent cannot affect working conditions and other rights: provision of basic leave, accrual of length of service. The law also establishes some norms regarding the length of the working day:

If the shift duration is more than 4 hours, the employee must be given a lunch break.
The employee may be given reduced hours. To do this, he needs to draw up an application indicating a convenient work schedule.
Going on business trips, engaging in overtime work - all this, according to Article 259 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, is possible only with the consent of the parent in writing. The employee must first be informed of his right to refuse the employer.

Guarantees are provided as part of benefits for persons with disabilities.