Caffeine contraindications and side effects. Caffeine guide: action, effects, correct and lethal doses

Gross formula

C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2

Pharmacological group of the substance Caffeine

Nosological classification (ICD-10)

CAS code

58-08-2

Characteristics of the substance Caffeine

Pharmacology

pharmachologic effect- analeptic, cardiotonic, psychostimulant.

It has a direct stimulating effect on the central nervous system: it regulates and enhances excitation processes in the cerebral cortex, respiratory and vasomotor centers, activates positive conditioned reflexes and motor activity. Stimulates mental activity, increases mental and physical performance, shortens reaction time. After taking it, cheerfulness appears, fatigue and drowsiness are temporarily eliminated or reduced. Causes quickening and deepening of breathing, especially against the background of depression of the respiratory center. Affects the cardiovascular system: increases strength and heart rate (especially in large doses), increases blood pressure during hypotension (does not change normal). Expands the bronchi bile ducts, blood vessels skeletal muscles, heart, kidneys, narrows - organs abdominal cavity(especially when they dilate). Reduces platelet aggregation. It has a moderate diuretic effect, mainly due to a decrease in the reabsorption of electrolytes in the renal tubules. Stimulates the secretion of the stomach glands. Increases basal metabolism, enhances glycogenolysis, causing hyperglycemia.

Blocks central and peripheral adenosine receptors. Promotes the accumulation of cAMP and cGMP by inhibiting the activity of phosphodiesterases involved in their inactivation. It inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase to a greater extent (not only in the central nervous system, but also in the heart, smooth muscle organs, adipose tissue, skeletal muscles). Stabilizes transmission at dopaminergic synapses (psychostimulant properties), beta-adrenergic synapses of the hypothalamus and medulla oblongata(increased tone of the vasomotor center), cholinergic synapses of the cortex (activation of cortical functions) and medulla oblongata (excitation of the respiratory center), noradrenergic synapses (increased physical activity, anorexia).

Caffeine and its water-soluble salts are well absorbed in the intestine (including the colon). T 1/2 is about 5 hours, in some individuals - up to 10 hours. The main part is demethylated and oxidized. About 10% is excreted by the kidneys unchanged. In term newborns and infants(1.5-2 months) is eliminated more slowly (T 1/2 - from 80 to 26.3 hours, respectively).

The effect on higher nervous activity is largely dose and type dependent. nervous system patient. In small doses, the stimulating effect prevails, in large doses it is depressing. In older people, the effect on sleep is more pronounced: its onset slows down, decreases total time sleep, the frequency of awakenings increases (possibly due to a faster metabolism of catecholamines in the central nervous system). In premature infants, when periodic breathing is eliminated, caffeine reduces the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, the concentration of H + in the blood and at the same time increases the volume of ventilation without changing the heart rate.

The use of the substance Caffeine

Diseases accompanied by depression of the central nervous system, functions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems(including drug poisoning, infectious diseases), spasms of cerebral vessels (including migraine), decreased mental and physical performance, drowsiness, enuresis in children, respiratory disorders (periodic breathing, idiopathic apnea) in newborns (including premature babies).

Contraindications

Severe arterial hypertension, organic diseases of cardio-vascular system(including atherosclerosis), irritability, glaucoma, sleep disturbances, old age.

Side effects of caffeine

Anxiety, agitation, insomnia, tachycardia, arrhythmias, increased blood pressure, nausea, vomiting. At long-term use slightly addictive (a decrease in the effect of caffeine is associated with the formation of new adenosine receptors in brain cells). Sudden cessation of caffeine administration can lead to increased CNS inhibition with symptoms of fatigue, drowsiness and depression.

Interaction

Reduces the effect of sleeping pills and narcotic drugs, increases (improving bioavailability) - acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol and other non-narcotic analgesics. Improves the absorption of ergotamine in the gastrointestinal tract.

Overdose

When abused, caffeine (more than 300 mg per day, i.e. four 150 ml cups of natural coffee) can cause anxiety, restlessness, tremors, headache, confusion, cardiac extrasystoles. In newborns (including premature babies), at a plasma concentration of 50 mg / ml, toxic effects are possible: anxiety, tachypnea, tachycardia, tremor, increased Moro reflex, and convulsions at higher concentrations.

Caffeine: instructions for use and reviews

Caffeine is a psychoactive drug.

Release form and composition

Caffeine comes in the form of a solution for subcutaneous injection: transparent, colorless or slightly colored (in ampoules of 2 ml, 5 ampoules in blister packs, 2 packs in a carton box; 5 or 10 ampoules in a carton box with partitions or bars).

The composition of 1 ml of solution includes:

  • The active substance is caffeine-sodium benzoate 100 or 200 mg;
  • Auxiliary components: sodium hydroxide solution 0.1M - up to pH 6.8-8.5, water for injection - up to 1 ml.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics

Caffeine is an antagonist of the central adenosine receptors and stimulates the centers of the medulla oblongata: respiratory, vasomotor and vagal. It also activates the central nervous system and respiratory system, improves the functions skeletal muscles, production of hydrochloric acid and pepsin in the gastrointestinal tract, promotes the processes of glycogenolysis. Caffeine increases the sensitivity of the respiratory center to stimulating effects. carbon dioxide enhancing alveolar ventilation. The substance increases the frequency and intensity of heart contractions, as well as the minute volume of the heart (it has a positive chronotropic effect on the sinoatrial node and a positive inotropic effect on the myocardium).

Caffeine is characterized by diuretic and hypertensive effects, reduces uterine contractility and promotes vasoconstriction of the brain.

Pharmacokinetics

Caffeine binds to plasma proteins by approximately 25-36%. Its biotransformation is carried out in the liver. In adult patients, 80% of caffeine is metabolized to paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine), 10% to theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) and 4% to theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine). These compounds are demethylated to monomethylxanthines and then to methylated derivatives. uric acid. In premature babies, caffeine is formed from theophylline. The half-life is 3–7 hours, in newborns it is extended to 65–130 hours (a decrease to the level of an adult patient occurs at 4–7 months). The maximum concentration is established 50–75 minutes after the substance enters the body.

Caffeine is excreted in the urine as metabolites (1-2% unchanged). In neonates, it is also excreted via the kidneys, with 85% of the dose being excreted unchanged.

Indications for use

  • Decreased physical and mental performance;
  • Moderate arterial hypotension;
  • muscle weakness;
  • Migraine;
  • Drowsiness;
  • Respiratory depression (including with mild poisoning with opioid analgesics and hypnotic drugs, carbon monoxide, with asphyxia of newborns, to restore the required level of pulmonary ventilation after the use of general anesthesia).

Contraindications

  • Organic diseases of the cardiovascular system (including acute infarction myocardium, atherosclerosis);
  • Arterial hypertension;
  • sleep disorders;
  • Glaucoma;
  • Paroxysmal tachycardia;
  • Increased excitability;
  • Epilepsy and tendency to convulsive seizures;
  • Frequent ventricular extrasystole;
  • Elderly age;
  • Pregnancy and lactation;
  • Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Instructions for use Caffeine: method and dosage

Caffeine solution is administered subcutaneously.

Adults are usually prescribed 1 ml of a 100 mg / ml or 200 mg / ml solution. Maximum dose is: single - 400 mg, daily - 1000 mg.

Children, depending on age, are usually prescribed 0.25-1 ml of a 100 mg / ml solution of Caffeine.

The frequency and duration of use are determined by the doctor.

Side effects

According to the instructions, caffeine can cause the following side effects:

  • Central nervous system: tachypnea, sleep disturbance, tremor, agitation, anxiety, headache, convulsions, dizziness;
  • Cardiovascular system: heart rhythm disturbance, tachycardia, increased blood pressure;
  • Digestive system: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, exacerbation of peptic ulcer.

With prolonged use, slight addiction is possible (a decrease in action is associated with the formation of new adenosine receptors in brain cells).

Overdose

Signs of an overdose of caffeine are trembling of the whole body, observed in newborns, pain in the stomach or abdomen, nausea and vomiting, sometimes with spotting, vomiting or bloated belly in newborns, palpation of which is accompanied by painful sensations, increased pain or tactile sensitivity, dehydration, frequent urination, arrhythmia, tachycardia. Taking the drug in very high doses can lead to CNS symptoms such as headache, clouded consciousness or delirium, restlessness or agitation, anxiety, agitation, irritability, tremor or muscle twitching, photopsia, tinnitus, or sensation of other sounds, sleep disturbances, epileptic seizures (mainly clonic-tonic convulsions) in acute overdose.

Recommended as a treatment symptomatic therapy. If caffeine has been taken in the last 4 hours, its dose exceeded 15 mg/kg, and there was no vomiting provoked by this drug, gastric lavage should be performed. It is also recommended to take activated carbon and laxatives, and hemorrhagic gastritis- gastric lavage with ice-cold 0.9% sodium chloride solution and administration antacids. If necessary, carried out artificial ventilation lungs and oxygenation. At epileptic seizures intravenously administered phenytoin, phenobarbital or diazepam. It should also support water and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis is often effective in case of overdose, and in newborns, if necessary, exchange transfusion of blood.

special instructions

During the use of Caffeine, it must be taken into account that the sudden cessation of therapy can lead to increased inhibition of the central nervous system in the form of drowsiness and depression.

The impact on the central nervous system can be manifested both by excitation and inhibition of the higher nervous system.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

According to the FDA recommendations, caffeine belongs to category C. It increases the risk of spontaneous abortions, provokes delays prenatal development and the occurrence of arrhythmia in the fetus (when administered to pregnant women in high doses). The results of animal experiments have shown that with the introduction of doses equivalent to the content of caffeine in 12-24 cups of coffee drunk per day, throughout pregnancy or with a single administration of very high doses (50-100 mg / kg), skeletal developmental disorders are observed (as fingers, and individual phalanges) of the fetus. With the intake of caffeine in the body of a pregnant female in smaller doses, a slow development of the fetal skeleton was noted.

The caffeine enters breast milk(its amount is approximately 1% of the concentration in the mother's blood plasma). If a nursing mother receives this substance in an amount equivalent to 6-8 cups of caffeinated drinks per day, the child may develop insomnia and hyperactivity.

drug interaction

At simultaneous application Caffeine with certain medicines may cause the following effects:

  • Narcotic and hypnotic drugs: decrease in their effectiveness;
  • Non-narcotic analgesics and ergotamine: increasing their effectiveness (due to increased absorption);
  • Cardiac glycosides: enhancing their action and increasing toxicity.

Analogues

Analogue of Caffeine is Caffeine-sodium benzoate.

Terms and conditions of storage

Keep out of the reach of children at temperatures up to 25 °C.

Shelf life - 5 years.

Formula: C8H10N4O2, chemical name: 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine (and as sodium benzoate).
Pharmacological group: central nervous system stimulants / psychomotor stimulants / purine derivatives.
Pharmachologic effect: analeptic, psychostimulant, cardiotonic.

Pharmacological properties

Caffeine is stimulating direct action on the central nervous system: enhances and regulates excitation processes in the vasomotor and respiratory centers, the cerebral cortex, activates motor activity and positive conditioned reflexes. Caffeine stimulates mental activity, increases physical and mental performance, makes short time reactions. When taken, cheerfulness appears, drowsiness and fatigue are temporarily reduced or eliminated. Causes deepening and quickening of breathing, especially when the respiratory center is depressed.
Caffeine also affects the circulatory system: increases the strength and frequency of the pulse (especially when taking large doses), increases hypotension blood pressure(without changing the normal). Caffeine expands the bile ducts, bronchi, blood vessels of the kidneys, heart, skeletal muscles, narrows the abdominal organs. Reduces platelet aggregation. Also, caffeine has a moderate diuretic effect, which is associated with a decrease reverse suction electrolytes in the tubules of the kidneys.
Stimulates gastric secretion. Enhances glycogenolysis, causing hyperglycemia, increases basal metabolism. Blocks peripheral and central adenosine receptors. It contributes to the accumulation by slowing down the activity of phosphodiesterases, which are involved in their inactivation, cAMP and cGMP (it has a greater inhibitory effect on cAMP phosphodiesterase not only in the brain, but also in smooth muscle organs, heart, skeletal muscles, adipose tissue). Caffeine stabilizes in dopaminergic synapses, beta-adrenergic synapses of the medulla oblongata and hypothalamus (increased tone of the vasomotor center), cholinergic synapses of the medulla oblongata (excitation of the respiratory center) and cortex (activation of cortical functions), noradrenergic synapses (anorexia, increased physical activity) transmission of impulses.
Caffeine and its salts are well absorbed in the intestines. The elimination half-life is approximately 5 hours, in some people up to 10 hours. Most of caffeine is oxidized and demethylated. Approximately 10% is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. In the body of infants (up to 2 months) and full-term newborns, it is excreted more slowly. The effect of caffeine on higher nervous activity mainly depends on the type of nervous system of the patient and the dose of the drug. In large doses, the inhibitory effect prevails, in small doses - stimulating. In older patients, the effect of caffeine on sleep is more pronounced: the total sleep time decreases, the frequency of awakenings increases, and the onset of sleep slows down. When eliminating periodic breathing in preterm infants, caffeine reduces the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, the concentration of H + in the blood and at the same time increases the volume of ventilation, while not changing the pulse rate.

Indications

Diseases that are accompanied by depression of the central nervous system, the functions of the respiratory system and the circulatory system (including infectious diseases, drug poisoning); decreased physical and mental performance; spasms of cerebral vessels (including migraine); enuresis in children; drowsiness; respiratory disorders (idiopathic apnea, periodic breathing) in newborns (including preterm ones).

Route of administration of caffeine and dosage

Caffeine is taken orally (regardless of food intake). Adults 2-3 times a day, 0.05-0.1 g (not more than 1 g per day), children over 2 years old - 2-3 times a day, 0.03-0.075 g. Subcutaneously (caffeine-sodium benzoate ): adults -1 ml of 10% or 20% solution, children -0.25–1 ml of 10% solution. To relieve apnea in newborns, it is administered orally or intravenously (in the form of caffeine citrate) to create a concentration of caffeine base in the blood from 3 to 10 mg / ml. It is necessary to cancel caffeine intake under the supervision of a doctor.
When skipping next appointment caffeine, you need to skip the dose, the next time you take the drug according to the treatment plan.

Contraindications for use

Organic diseases of the circulatory system (including atherosclerosis), severe arterial hypertension, irritability, sleep disturbances, glaucoma, old age.

Application restrictions

There is no data.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy and during breastfeeding You can use caffeine, but only according to indications when prescribed by your doctor.

Side effects of caffeine

Anxiety, insomnia, agitation, tachycardia, hypertension, arrhythmias, nausea, vomiting. At prolonged use perhaps weak addiction due to the formation of new adenosine receptors in brain cells. Sudden withdrawal of caffeine intake can lead to increased inhibition of the central nervous system with symptoms of drowsiness, fatigue and depression.

Interaction of caffeine with other substances

Caffeine reduces the effects of drugs and sleeping pills, increases (by increasing bioavailability) - paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid and other non-narcotic analgesics. Caffeine increases absorption gastrointestinal tract ergotamine.

Overdose

With the abuse of caffeine (more than 300 mg per day, that is, 600 ml of natural coffee), anxiety, tremor, anxiety, confusion, headache, cardiac extrasystoles may occur. In newborns (including premature babies), with a plasma content of 50 mg / ml or more, the development of toxic effects is possible: anxiety, tachycardia, tachypnea, increased Moro reflex, tremor, convulsions. Symptomatic therapy is necessary.

The product is produced in the form of tablets in a blister pack. The main substance is caffeine (in the form of sodium benzoate).

The drug Caffeine in tablets has a psychostimulating, analeptic, cardiotonic effect. The excitatory effect on the central nervous system, which manifests Caffeine in tablets, excites the vasomotor and respiratory centers, causes an increase in reflex excitability spinal cord, enhances and regulates excitation processes in the cerebral cortex.

As a result, physical and mental capacity, drowsiness and fatigue decrease, the strength and frequency of heart contractions increase, which is especially evident in large doses. With hypotension, without changing normal pressure the drug is able to increase blood pressure. In addition, the blood vessels of the skeletal muscles, kidneys, heart, bronchi and narrowing of the abdominal organs expand. secretory function the stomach at the same time increases, platelet aggregation decreases. The agent blocks peripheral and central adenosine receptors and exhibits a moderate diuretic effect, stabilizes transmission in beta-adrenergic synapses of the medulla oblongata and hypothalamus, dopaminergic synapses, noradrenergic synapses, cholinergic synapses of the medulla oblongata and cortex.

The effectiveness of koin in tablets significantly depends on the type of the patient's nervous system, and therefore should be prescribed taking into account individual features nervous activity person.

Indications for the use of caffeine tablets

The agent is prescribed for the treatment of diseases in which the functions of the central nervous system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system are inhibited, including drug poisoning, infectious diseases and others.

Caffeine is also used for spasms of cerebral vessels, to increase physical and mental performance, for respiratory disorders, to eliminate drowsiness, enuresis in children.

Contraindications

The agent is not prescribed for organic diseases cardiovascular system, including atherosclerosis, severe arterial hypertension, irritability, sleep disorders, glaucoma, old age.

Side effects

When using the drug, manifestations of agitation, anxiety, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, insomnia, arrhythmias, nausea and vomiting are possible. Prolonged use of the drug is fraught with possible weak addiction. At the same time, it decreases, which is due to the formation of new adenosine receptors in brain cells. With a sudden cessation of caffeine use, it is possible to increase the inhibition of the central nervous system, while fatigue, depression and drowsiness appear.

The use of caffeine tablets and doses

The agent is prescribed orally at 25-100 milligrams up to three times a day.

For adults, the maximum single dose is 0.4 grams, and the daily dose is 1 gram.

The drug reduces the effectiveness of narcotic and sleeping pills, but increases, due to improved bioavailability, paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, and other non-narcotic analgesics. The drug improves the absorption of ergotamine in the gastrointestinal tract.

Overdose

When overuse caffeine (more than 0.3 grams per day, which corresponds to four 150 ml), anxiety, anxiety, confusion, tremor, headache, cardiac extrasystoles may occur.

The modern rhythm of life implies the full involvement of a person in its whirlpool, which is why so many people desperately lack rest. How to overcome the arisen drowsiness? A cup of aromatic coffee often helps to disperse drowsiness and turn on the active mode. But this method does not always work. Therefore, many choose an alternative - medicine called caffeine. Instructions for use describe it as a psychostimulant drug, the effectiveness of which is associated with the alkaloid contained in it, produced from tea leaves (2% caffeine), coffee beans (1-2 percent) and cola nuts.

"Caffeine-sodium benzoate", which can be found in pharmacies, is synthetic drug derived from these compounds.

Pharmacological properties (application)

A derivative of methylxanthine - caffeine - has a psychostimulating and analeptic effect on the body. Its main property is the ability to improve motor activity, stimulate positive reflexes and various processes excitations occurring in the cerebral cortex. Due to this effect on the body, mental and physical activity, drowsiness disappears, the feeling of fatigue decreases.

Caffeine can also increase blood pressure, but this happens more often in states of shock or collapse. In small doses, caffeine provides a stimulating effect, in large doses, depression of the nervous system often occurs. What other effect does caffeine have? Instructions for use warns of an increase and deepening of breathing when taking the drug, constriction of cerebral vessels and a decrease in oxygen pressure in it. At arterial hypotension caffeine often normalizes blood pressure. Also known is the antispasmodic effect of the alkaloid, exerted on smooth muscles, and stimulating - on the striated. Under the influence of caffeine, the secretory activity of the stomach increases and the basal metabolism increases (increase in glycogenolysis, acceleration of lipolysis). A moderate diuretic effect is also a consequence of the use of caffeine.

"Caffeine": indications for use

The drug is prescribed for diseases accompanied by depression of the central nervous system, with violations in the work of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (including poisoning with drugs, alcohol and toxins as a result of infectious process), asphyxia, asthenia, enuresis (including in children), migraine, to relieve spasms of cerebral vessels. In ophthalmology, caffeine is used after eye surgery with a decrease in tone and retinal detachment.

This medicine is also indicated for decreased mental and physical performance, drowsiness, to restore the optimal level of activity. steady trend recent years became the application this drug as a catalyst for the weight loss process. At the same time, the obligatory conditions are the exact observance of the dosage, recommendations of the doctor and physical exercise. In cosmetology, the mixture of "Caffeine-sodium benzoate" and "Capsicam" has proven itself well as effective remedy for anti-cellulite wrapping.

Release form

"Caffeine-benzoate sodium" (containing up to 40% caffeine) is available as a solution for injection, tablets and powder (capsules).

Methods of application and dosage

How to take "Caffeine"? Tablets, the instructions for use of which advise to use them orally no more than 2-3 times a day, are prescribed for adults in a single dose of 100-200 mg (no more than 0.4 g) and daily - no more than one gram, for children - 25-100 mg. Ampoules with caffeine (1 ml) are intended for subcutaneous and subconjunctival administration.

Children are injected subcutaneously with a ten percent solution of caffeine, 0.25-1 ml. In ophthalmology, a 10% solution of caffeine in ampoules is also used: the drug is dripped under the conjunctiva no more than 0.3 ml once a day. Dosage, duration of treatment are prescribed by the doctor and depend on the patient's condition, as well as the nature of the disease. "Caffeine-sodium benzoate" should not be taken before bed.

Contraindications

Psychostimulant "Caffeine-benzoate" instructions for use do not recommend prescribing to people with arterial hypertension, hyperexcitability, sleep disorders (insomnia), suffering from atherosclerosis, tachycardia, epilepsy, convulsions, increased intraocular pressure(glaucoma). The drug is also contraindicated in children under 12 years of age and people old age. Anti-cellulite masks and should not be applied to the affected areas of the skin.

Side effects

While taking a drug containing caffeine, the instructions for use advise you to pay attention to possible negative reactions organism: from the side of the central nervous system - anxiety state, agitation, tremor, headache, anxiety, convulsions, dizziness, increased muscle tone, increased reflexes, insomnia, tachypnea. Abrupt discontinuation of the drug may cause lethargy, drowsiness, fast fatiguability, strengthening the processes of inhibition of the reaction of the central nervous system.

From the side of the CCC, arrhythmia, tachycardia, increased blood pressure are possible. From the gastrointestinal tract - nausea, exacerbation of peptic ulcer, vomiting, colic. At long-term use possible addiction, dependence on the drug due to the formation of new adenosine receptors in the brain cells.

Overdose

What symptoms can excess caffeine cause? Instructions for use warns in such cases about increased severity side effects: anxiety, confusion, mental and motor agitation, tremor or muscle twitching, epileptic seizures; dehydration, tachycardia, arrhythmia, headache, tinnitus, hyperthermia, frequent urination, nausea and vomiting.

The same conditions can occur after taking 300-600 mg (4 cups) of coffee per day, especially when combined with taking Caffeine-Sodium Benzoate tablets.

special instructions

During pregnancy and during the period of feeding the baby, caffeine intake is carried out in cases of emergency and under the supervision of a doctor! Abuse of the drug and drink threatens with possible spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth retardation, inhibition or disturbances in the development of the skeleton, arrhythmia in the fetus. AT lactation period caffeine penetrates into breast milk and, accumulating, threatens insomnia in the crumbs and its hyperactivity.

"Caffeine": instructions for use, price, storage conditions and expiration date

It is necessary to store the drug away from children, in a place inaccessible to them, at temperatures up to 25 degrees, no more than 5 years.

The cost of tablets "Caffeine-sodium benzoate" (6 pieces) in pharmacies today is approximately 32-40 rubles, a package of 10 ampoules (1 ml) of a 20% solution is sold for 40-64 rubles.

Analogues

In addition to tablets produced in blisters of 6 or 10 pieces, as well as an injection solution in ampoules, in pharmacies you can find drugs with various combinations of substances, which also include caffeine. What other medicines containing caffeine are emitted, instructions for the use of medicines? Analogues reviews of experts call the following: "Askofen" (40 mg) and "Cofitsil Plus" (50 mg of the substance in question), "Migrenol" and "Solpadein Fast" - 65 mg each, "Aquacitramon" (45 mg), and also "Citramon "And the usual" Solpadein "- 30 mg each. Of the drinks containing this common psychostimulant, reviews on the forums mention coffee, tea, hot chocolate and soda (cola). The “Liquid Chestnut” weight loss product is distinguished by a double concentration of caffeine, which includes guaranine (an analogue of caffeine and theine).