Dry eye syndrome treatment at home. Treatment of dry eye syndrome with folk remedies

Lifestyle modern man, unfortunately, does not contribute at all to maintaining health for many years. For the most part, we sit a lot, move little and eat unhealthy. This causes the early development of many quite serious illnesses. This is how children are introduced to television and computers from a young age, so already in elementary school they are faced with vision problems. Adults very often spend whole days in front of the monitor, without even noticing that they are harming their eyes. So the first symptom indicating the beginning of vision problems is dry eyes. And it is quite possible to cope with this problem on your own, using various available means. These are used in traditional medicine. So let's talk about moisturizing the eyes with folk remedies.

Healthy eyes are protected from harmful influences by a special tear film, which helps repel various physical, biological, and chemical irritants. In addition, such natural protection provides our eyes with nutrition and oxygen supply. Blinking leads to the natural spread of the tear film over the entire surface of the eye, but when exposed to unfavorable factors, it becomes thinner. You can cope with this problem in different ways, including systematically doing eye exercises, irrigating them with special solutions like “clean tears,” and taking systematic breaks when working with the monitor. However, today we will talk about how to cope with dry eyes using traditional methods.

Welding

A regular tea brewer can come to the rescue, both for black and green. Brew the tea as usual, then filter it thoroughly and cool to room temperature. Then soak a cotton swab in the resulting liquid and wipe your eyes with it. You can also apply cotton wool moistened with tea to your closed eyelids and lie down for a quarter of an hour. Repeat the procedure as needed.

You can also use a couple of damp, cool tea bags left over from brewing. Also apply them to your closed eyes and relax.

Chamomile

This plant is known to have a mass useful qualities. It also helps to moisturize the eyes and prevent the development of inflammatory processes. To prepare the medicinal composition, you should take a couple of tablespoons of dried chamomile flowers and brew them with a glass of boiling water. Infuse the product for a quarter of an hour, then filter. Use the resulting infusion in the same way as tea.

Mustard oil

This product is capable of short time optimize the activity of the lacrimal glands. To prepare the medicinal composition, you just need to pour a large number of mustard oil into a container with a rather narrow neck. From time to time, inhale the aroma of this composition contained in it. essential oils stimulate the secretion of tears. Accordingly, with daily use, you can quickly get rid of the problem of dry eyes.

Glycerol

Purchase high quality glycerin and a pipette from your nearest pharmacy. Apply one drop of this substance to the cornea, then blink intensely, distributing the medicinal composition over the entire surface of the eyeball. Glycerin can protect your eyes from drying out for a long time, but you should use it no more than once every two days.

Camphor

To prepare the following medicine, you should put a small amount of camphor inside a stainless steel container, for example, in a regular tablespoon. Hold it over the fire until you get a black powder-like substance. Then add a couple of drops of coconut or olive oil to the container and mix the product to a paste. This type of eyeliner should be used every day. After some time, the medicine will help restore optimal eye moisture.

Honey drops

To prepare such a medicine, you will need to combine one part of honey with the same amount of freshly squeezed aloe juice and three parts of chamomile decoction. The resulting composition should be instilled into the eyes in the morning, as well as at evening time.

Cornflowers

Brew a couple of tablespoons of blue cornflower flowers with a glass of just boiled water. Set the container aside to infuse, and after twenty minutes, filter thoroughly. The resulting composition should be used to prepare compresses for the eyes. Just soak a couple of cotton pads in it and then apply them to your tired eyes. The duration of this procedure is a quarter of an hour. Cornflower infusion can also be used to wash the eyelids; this product perfectly eliminates irritation from cosmetic products.

Potato

Peel a medium potato and grate it on a fine grater. Squeeze the juice out of the resulting mass, moisten a cloth with it and apply this compress to the entire face, including the eyes. In order to make the juice thicker, you can add a little oatmeal to it. Leave the mask on for a quarter of an hour, then remove it with cooled tea, chamomile infusion or plain water. Repeat the procedure two to three times a week and pretty soon you will notice a positive result.

Please note that all the described eye moisturizing techniques only work as long as you use them. In order to completely eliminate the problem of dryness, it is worth eliminating the factor that causes it.

This is a big problem in modern society. Negative influence The organ of vision is primarily affected by polluted air. In case of excessive dry eyes applies treatment Not only pharmaceutical drugs, but also folk remedies. They must be used according to the rules.

It is not for nothing that herbal medicine has many adherents. Correct Application medicinal herbs helps cope with many diseases. At dry eye syndrome widely used traditional treatment means- both in combination with pharmaceutical drugs and independently.

The prevalence of traditional treatment is facilitated by the fact that dry eyes most often occur in elderly of people. And they trust traditional medicine more than traditional medicine.

Decoctions for lotions

Among folk remedies used for treatment dry eyes, lotions have become especially widespread. They are easy to make; the procedure does not require any special conditions.

1. Chamomile decoction. The easiest way. Chamomile has an anti-inflammatory effect and soothes irritated skin. A handful of flowers is poured with a glass of boiling water. Let stand for 10-15 minutes. Dip cotton pads, squeeze lightly and apply to eyelids for 5-7 minutes.
2. Take a tablespoon of pansies and rosemary. Pour a glass of boiling water over the mixture and cool slightly. Moisten cotton pads or gauze pads and apply to eyelids for 3-5 minutes. The decoction reduces dryness and soothes irritated eyes.
3. Good green tea effectively eliminates inflammation and dryness. You need to brew a steep infusion, then squeeze out the leaves and apply them to your eyelids for 5 minutes. You can wash your eyes with diluted tea leaves in the morning and evening.

Dryness can be eliminated not only with lotions, but also by washing with decoctions medicinal plants- chamomile, mint, sage. This folk method also improves the condition of the skin.

Compresses

Get rid of dry eyes at home it is possible in this way, How compress. They must be done carefully, avoiding contact of the components with the mucous membrane.

1. Grate the horseradish rhizome and mix with a spoon of aloe juice. Apply the paste to your eyelids for 10 minutes, then rinse with water.
2. Dryness and irritation are eliminated by potato starch. Grate raw potatoes and mix with dill. Apply the paste to your eyelids for 10 minutes, rinse with cool water.
3. Pour boiling water over a few mint leaves. Then take out the leaves, cool them slightly, and apply to your eyes for 5-7 minutes.

From folk remedies For dry eye treatment They are also rubbed with ice cubes made from parsley juice or linden infusion. Effectively usage ethereal oils- tea tree, mint, bergamot. They are added to eye cream.

Gymnastics

Treat dry eye syndrome It is possible not only with the help of plants. Has effectiveness visual gymnastics. It is recommended to perform the following exercises daily:

• rotating the eyeballs in a circle - 2 minutes;
• frequent blinking- 2 minutes;
• strong squeezing - 30 seconds;
• look up, down, right, left - 10 approaches on each side.

Gymnastics not only helps reduce dryness, but also improves vision.

Use of drugs

Traditional medicine cannot always completely cope with dry vision. In severe cases, medication is required therapy. Treatment of dry eye is carried out with the following drugs:

• “Hyphenlez”;
• “Hypromellose”;
• “Systane.”

More details can be found in the corresponding article.

Prevention

Avoid the development of dry eye, prevent long treatment The following activities will help:

• careful observance of visual hygiene;
• mandatory withdrawal contact lenses before bedtime;
• selection of suitable points and lenses from a doctor;
• regular rest from the computer, TV;
• moderate use of decorative cosmetics;
• protection of the organ of vision from adverse environmental factors.

Dry eyes are an unpleasant condition that causes severe discomfort to a person. Constant itching and burning reduce productivity and cause irritability. In the best way getting rid of pathology is a complex treatment, including medications and prescriptions traditional medicine.

We invite you to additionally watch a video about treatment with folk remedies:

Share your treatment experience in the comments. Share the information you read with your friends on social networks.

Do you have tired, dull, dry eyes? The eyes use more than 80% of all energy produced. If your eyes bother you, they use even more energy to function. Dry eyes are a problem that can deplete your body's energy reserves. It can also be a symptom of a number of other problems. Determine what is causing your dry eyes and provide nutrients to your eyes. Very soon you will notice that dry eyes go away and your energy returns.

Steps

Part 1

Understand why tears are important. Tears not only moisturize the eyes, but also perform several other important functions. Tears provide essential electrolytes, bacteria-fighting proteins, and enzymes that help keep your eyes healthy. Tears quickly coat the entire eye to provide moisture and nutrients.

• If any problem arises with tears, then it becomes a problem of the entire eye. The cause could be almost anything, but you can try different treatments.

1. Use artificial tear drops. Artificial tears in drops serve as a lubricant for dry eyes and moisturize them outer surface. Artificial tear drops will not necessarily cure the root cause of your dry eyes. However, they will help relieve symptoms. Some of them contain preservatives, which can irritate your eyes if you use them more than four times a day. If you need to use artificial tears more than four times a day, look for ones that do not contain preservatives.

   • Trial and error is common the only way Find the best brand of artificial tears for your specific dry eye condition. Sometimes a combination of several brands may be required. A wide range of brands is available in any pharmacy.

2. Try it medicinal drops for eyes. The most common medications used to treat dry, irritated eyes are hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, followed by carboxymethylcellulose. They are also used in drops as a lubricant - they can be found in many over-the-counter drops. You can also search eye ointment with an antibiotic such as tetracycline, ciprofloxacin or chloramphenicol. This will be helpful if you have puffy eyelids.

   Get your eyesight checked. If you have already tried eye drops and prescription drops, but you are still very bothered by dry eyes, see your eye doctor. Your doctor will determine the cause of your dry eye and determine other treatment options.

   Use eye ointment. Your doctor may prescribe eye ointment for you. Unlike artificial tears, which treat the symptoms of dry eyes, ointments contain a medicinal substance that will treat the cause of your dry eyes.

   • Eye ointments can provide relief due to their lubricating effect. They help during long periods when artificial tears cannot be used (for example, during sleep).

3. Have surgery on your tear ducts to block them. You may need longer and more effective treatment. Your doctor may suggest inserting plugs into your tear ducts. They will stop the flow of tears, providing lubrication to the eyes.

   Cauterize the tear ducts. If you have had plugs inserted, but severe dryness the eye does not go away, the doctor may suggest cauterization of the tear ducts. Once your doctor approves this surgery, an ophthalmologist will perform tests and surgery.

   Part 2

   How to prevent dry eyes

   1. Keep your eyes moisturized without becoming dehydrated. There is no complete cure for dry eye, but there are certain preventative measures you can take that can help in conjunction with treatment. Like any liquid, tears also evaporate when exposed to air. To keep your eyes hydrated:

      • Do not expose your eyes to direct air flow (such as car heaters, hair dryers and air conditioners)
      • Maintain the humidity level in your home between 30-50%
      • Use a humidifier in winter to humidify dry indoor air.

   2. Wear glasses. Wear the sun protective glasses, going outside in sunny weather. Wear safety glasses if you plan to go into the pool. In addition, you can order special glasses from your ophthalmologist. These glasses create additional moisture by creating cavities around the eyes.

      Don't irritate your eyes. Avoid smoking as it can cause your tears to quickly decrease and cause many other health problems. Also, don't rub your eyes. This will prevent bacteria from spreading from your fingers and nails to your eyes.

   3. Keep your eyes moisturized. Apply artificial tears to your eyes to lubricate and moisten them. You can apply an ointment that will last longer than eye drops. However, due to its viscosity, it can be unpleasant and cause blurred vision. You may decide to use the ointment only while you sleep.

      • Use eye drops before, rather than after, eye-strain activities to prevent dry eyes. Try to blink more often. This helps distribute tears or droplets evenly.

Dry eyes are an unpleasant sensation caused by irritation of receptors in the conjunctiva of the eyelids or cornea. The main reasons for this eye pathologies are a decrease in the amount of tear fluid secreted or an increase in the rate of its evaporation. As a result, friction between the epithelium of the sclera and conjunctiva of the eyelids increases, provoking the development of the inflammatory process. This is also facilitated by the addition of a secondary viral or bacterial infection.

Since dry eyes are only a symptom, it can also manifest itself in numerous diseases of the eyes and other organs and systems of the body. Dry eyes are often accompanied by additional symptoms such as burning, stinging, feeling of sand in the eyes, lacrimation, etc. All these symptoms are combined into a single symptom complex called dry eye syndrome. This term is universal and registered in the international classification of diseases.

Diagnosing the causes of this syndrome is often a difficult task. Dry eyes cannot be ignored, since its complications can lead to disability of the patient. Therefore, diagnosis is primarily aimed at excluding the most common and dangerous causes. this state. When none of them is confirmed, they begin to search for less probable causes associated with diseases of the blood, connective tissue, tumor formations etc.

Treatment of dry eye syndrome is divided into etiological, pathogenetic and symptomatic. Treatment of complications often falls to the operating ophthalmologists.

Etiological treatment is aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease. Pathogenetic treatment is designed to interrupt the development of the mechanism by which the disease occurs. It is assigned in addition to etiological treatment or when the cause of the disease is not clear, however common features its mechanisms are known. Symptomatic treatment is aimed only at eliminating the clinical manifestations of dry eye syndrome.

Anatomy of the mucous membrane of the eye, lacrimal glands and eyelids

Anatomy of the cornea

When examining a section of the cornea, it was found that it is not homogeneous, but consists of 5 layers.

Anatomically, the cornea consists of the following layers:

• anterior epithelium;
• Bowman's membrane;
• stroma ( ground substance of the cornea);
• Descemet's membrane;
• posterior epithelium.

It is important to note that the cornea is a transparent environment due to a substance called keratan sulfate. This substance is produced by cells of all its layers and occupies the intercellular space.

In addition, it is worth mentioning the precorneal tear film, which is not part of the anatomical layers of the cornea, but plays an extremely important role in ensuring its integrity and maintaining metabolism. Its thickness is only 10 microns ( one hundredth of a millimeter). Structurally, it is divided into three layers - mucin, aqueous and lipid. The mucin layer is adjacent to the anterior epithelium of the cornea. The aqueous layer is in the middle and is the main one. The lipid layer is external and prevents the evaporation of fluid from the surface of the cornea. Every 10 seconds, the integrity of the precorneal tear film is disrupted and the cornea is exposed. As it is exposed, irritation of the nerve endings increases, leading to another blink and restoration of the integrity of the precorneal tear film.

The cornea is innervated by the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. The fibers of this nerve form two plexuses - subepithelial and intraepithelial. Nerve endings are devoid of myelin sheath and species. In other words, their thickness is extremely small and they specialize in perceiving only mechanical irritations, which, when a certain threshold value is reached, are transformed into pain.

Nutrition of the cornea occurs both due to blood vessels and due to diffusion nutrients from intraocular and tear fluid. Blood vessels are located along the periphery of the cornea in the limbus region ( junction of the cornea and sclera). During long-term inflammatory processes of the cornea, vessels can grow from the limbus to the center of this anatomical structure, leading to a significant deterioration in its transparency.

Anatomy of the lacrimal glands

On section, the lacrimal gland has an alveolar-tubular, lobular structure. A small duct emerges from each lobule, which independently opens into the conjunctival cavity of the eye or flows into a larger duct. In total, from 5 to 15 ducts of the main lacrimal gland open into the conjunctival cavity.

Mention should also be made of the accessory lacrimal glands ( Krause and Waldeyer), which are located mainly in the fornix of the conjunctiva of the upper eyelid and number from 10 to 35.

Both the main and accessory lacrimal glands are innervated from several sources - the first and second branches of the trigeminal nerve, the branch facial nerve and sympathetic fibers of the upper cervical node. Inflow arterial blood is provided by the lacrimal artery, and the outflow is provided by the vein of the same name.

Tear fluid is 98% water. The remaining 2% consists of proteins, individual amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, electrolytes, and lysozyme. Based on the composition of the tear fluid, one can easily draw a conclusion about its functions.

TO physiological functions tear fluid includes:

• nutrition of the stratum corneum of the eye;
• washing away foreign bodies from the surface of the cornea;
• destruction of pathogenic bacteria;
• maintaining the structural integrity of the cornea;
• slight refraction ( 1 - 3 diopters) and etc.

Anatomy of the eyelids

In the human body, there are upper and lower eyelids. The size of the upper eyelid is approximately three times larger than the size of the lower eyelid. Normally, closing the eyelids completely isolates the eye from light and environmental factors. The free edges of the eyelids contain numerous follicles from which eyelashes grow, which also play a protective role. In addition, numerous ducts of the meibomian glands, which are nothing more than modified sebaceous glands, emerge into the cavity of the above-mentioned follicles and onto the free edge of the eyelids.

Structurally, the eyelid consists of three layers. The central base layer is a dense connective tissue plate called eyelid cartilage. On the inside it is covered with the conjunctiva, which is a stratified columnar epithelium. This epithelium contains a large number of mucus-producing goblet cells. In addition, it contains numerous single lacrimal glands.

On the outer side, the tendon of the muscle that lifts the eyelid, as well as a layer of skin, is adjacent to the cartilage of the eyelid. The skin of the eyelids is the thinnest in the entire body and is a stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium.

Causes of dry eyes

The causes of dry eyes are divided into the following groups:

• pathological conditions associated with decreased production or secretion of tear fluid;
• factors leading to decreased stability of the precorneal tear film.

Pathological conditions associated with decreased production or secretion of tear fluid

• autoimmune diseases ( Sjögren's syndrome, complications of radiotherapy in the head and neck area, graft rejection);
• diseases of the hematopoietic system ( malignant tumor processes, anemia, etc.);
• endocrine disorders ( menopausal syndrome, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, etc.);
• infectious diseases (cholera, leprosy, HIV, tuberculosis, typhus, etc.);
• dermatological diseases ( ichthyosis, neurodermatitis, herpetic dermatitis, etc.).

The most common autoimmune condition associated with dry eye syndrome is primary or secondary Sjögren's syndrome. Primary Sjögren's syndrome is characterized by autoimmune damage to the exocrine glands, with the salivary and lacrimal glands being the most common targets. Secondary Sjögren's syndrome develops several years after contracting another systemic connective tissue disease ( systemic scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary biliary cirrhosis, etc.) and is one of the variants of its clinical course.

More rare causes of dry eye syndrome are complications of radiotherapy in the neck and head area, as well as transplant rejection. Radiotherapy ( radiation therapy) is carried out to destroy atypical cells or reduce their size malignant tumor before surgery to remove it. Unfortunately, in some cases, concomitant irradiation of the lacrimal gland tissue occurs, as a result of which its cellular structure is somewhat modified and it is attacked by the immune system as foreign.

There is also a risk of developing an autoimmune response after transplantation of a donor cornea due to incomplete compatibility in antigenic composition ( receptor mismatch outer surface cells).

Diseases of the hematopoietic system
During the randomized clinical trials a connection was noted between a decrease in the excretory function of the lacrimal gland and the occurrence of a number of diseases of the hematopoietic system. The above connection was traced with such diseases as malignant lymphoma, lymphosarcoma, lymphocytic leukemia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, etc.

The connection between dry eye syndrome and malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system is most often explained by the development of paraneoplastic syndrome. Its manifestations and mechanisms can be extremely diverse and include an autoimmune response to cells similar in antigenic structure, the production of biologically active substances by the tumor itself, or other nonspecific reactions of organs to the presence of foreign cells in the body. Hemolytic anemias are also most likely associated with dry eye through autoimmune mechanisms.

Endocrine disorders
The endocrine system is responsible for maintaining the constancy of the internal environment of the body by releasing hormones and other biologically active substances into the blood that have one or another effect. Failure of this system in almost all cases leads to disruption of the functioning of several organs of one system or even several systems.

Dry eye syndrome can develop with diabetes, menopausal syndrome and hypothyroidism. With long-term diabetes mellitus, complications such as angiopathy and polyneuropathy develop. Angiopathy consists of damage to the endothelium ( inner shell) both small and large blood vessels. As a result, the lumen of blood vessels narrows and the blood supply to all organs and systems deteriorates. The kidneys, retina, brain and blood vessels are most susceptible to this process. lower limbs. The lacrimal gland is no exception, however, disruption of its function is not always clearly manifested, especially given the slow progression of pathological changes. Neuropathy involves a violation of the integrity of nerve fibers, leading to a slowdown in the transmission of impulses. As a result of this, there may be various changes both central and peripheral nervous systems. In particular, there may be a decrease in the rate of secretion of the lacrimal glands due to disruption of their innervation.

Menopausal syndrome is a set of symptoms that occur after the female body stops producing sex hormones - estrogen and progesterone. Because the work endocrine organs is closely interconnected, the cessation of secretion of some substances leads to disruption of the internal environment of the whole organism. Clinically, this is manifested by mood swings, surges in blood pressure, attacks of general malaise, excessive sweating, insomnia, etc. In addition, menopausal syndrome can be manifested by disturbances in the secretion of the lacrimal glands, which causes a feeling of dryness in the eyes.

Hypothyroidism is a disease in which there is a lack of secretion of thyroid hormones. Depending on the level of damage, primary, secondary and tertiary hypothyroidism are distinguished. Primary hypothyroidism is associated with disorders at the level of the thyroid gland, secondary – with the pituitary gland and tertiary – at the level of the hypothalamus. With a decrease in the concentration of thyroid hormones in the blood, a drop in the level of basal ( constant) secretion, including exocrine glands ( lacrimal, salivary, etc.). It should be noted that such a disorder affects not only the main lacrimal gland, but also single accessory glands located in the conjunctiva of the eyes.

Infectious diseases
Long course such infectious diseases like leprosy, tuberculosis, HIV or cholera is accompanied by a long-lasting syndrome of general intoxication. This syndrome is associated with low-grade fever ( body temperature below 38 degrees) and a compensatory increase in the secretion of the lacrimal glands within mild course dry eye syndrome. Less commonly, some depletion of the lacrimal gland reserves occurs, in which the amount of tears first normalizes and then gradually decreases.

Dermatological diseases
In number skin diseases Associated with dry eye syndrome include congenital or acquired ichthyosis, neurodermatitis, herpetic dermatitis, etc.

Congenital ichthyosis is a serious disease in which thickening of the skin occurs, followed by exfoliation in the form of plates resembling fish scales. The severity of the disease depends on the severity of the gene mutation. The most severe forms occur in newborn boys. Acquired ichthyosis is characterized by the appearance of similar scales on the extensor surfaces of the joints, debuting approximately from the age of twenty. Unlike congenital ichthyosis, the acquired form develops against the background malignant neoplasms, diseases of connective tissue, gastrointestinal tract and hypovitaminosis. In addition to changes in the thickness and texture of the skin, severe itching and impaired secretion of the lacrimal glands are noted.

Neurodermatitis or atopic dermatitis is pathological condition, in which damage to the skin and mucous membranes of an allergic nature occurs. In addition to the above-mentioned manifestations of the disease, deviations in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for the innervation of the lacrimal glands, are often observed. Thus, a decrease in tear secretion may be indirect sign neurodermatitis.

Herpetic dermatitis means a lesion skin and mucous membranes with herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2. In the first type, blistering rashes are localized mainly in the area of ​​the nasolabial triangle. In the second type, the rashes can be localized on any part of the body, but more often they are found in the genital area, which indicates the frequent sexual transmission of this infection. In cases where the rash is localized in the eye area, there is a risk of spreading to the conjunctiva, cornea or lacrimal gland. Damage to the lacrimal glands develops quite rarely, but this possibility should not be completely excluded.

Factors leading to decreased stability of the precorneal tear film

• scars of the cornea and conjunctiva;
• neuroparalytic keratitis;
• lagophthalmos or exophthalmos;
• allergic conditions;
• stagnation of tear fluid due to disruption of its outflow;
• use of fans;
• long work at the monitor;
• wearing contact lenses;
• use of low-quality cosmetics;
• air pollution ( dust, smoke, chemical fumes, etc.);
• side effects of certain medications.

Scars of the cornea and conjunctiva
One of the conditions under which physiological rupture of the precorneal film occurs ( approximately once every 10 seconds), is a high degree of correspondence between the surfaces of the cornea and conjunctiva of the eyelids. When these surfaces have some unevenness due to postoperative scars or foreign bodies, the degree of surface tension of the precorneal film decreases, leading to its premature rupture and the development of dry eye syndrome.

Neuroparalytic keratitis
Neuroparalytic keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea associated with a decrease in its sensitivity. Normally, rupture of the precorneal film leads to irritation of the cornea, which, in turn, leads to another blink and wetting of the eye. When the sensitivity of the cornea is reduced, the tear film breaks, and blinking does not occur for a long time, since the patient’s brain does not receive the necessary signal. The longer the surface of the eye remains dry, the more pronounced the inflammatory process becomes, leading to clouding of the cornea and deterioration of vision.

Lagophthalmos or exophthalmos
Lagophthalmos is a pathological condition in which incomplete closure of the eyelids occurs due to a discrepancy between their size and the size of the eye. This condition can be either congenital or acquired due to trauma, reconstructive surgery, etc.

Exophthalmos means protrusion of one or both eyeballs beyond orbit. Bilateral exophthalmos is noted in patients with hyperthyroidism, while unilateral exophthalmos may be due to trauma, aneurysm, hematoma, or tumor. Typically, exophthalmos leads to lagophthalmos.

In patients with lagophthalmos, even when the eyelids are completely closed during sleep, a strip of the cornea remains open, subject to drying out and the development of dry eye syndrome.

Allergic conditions
An allergy is an excessive response of the body's immune system to contact with a harmless substance. The most common allergens are dust mites, pollen, the poison of some insects, citrus fruits, chocolate, peanut butter, strawberries, etc.

When an allergen gets into the mucous membrane of the eyes or nose, it becomes swollen and injected ( plethora) sclera and conjunctiva. The patient experiences a feeling of sand in the eyes. The lacrimal glands compensatoryly increase the rate of tear fluid secretion in order to eliminate interference in the eye.

Stagnation of tear fluid due to disruption of its outflow
Normal after tear fluid was on the surface of the cornea for some time and performed its functions; with the next blink, it moves to the conjunctival fornix and flows to the medial ( internal) corner of the eye and is removed from it into the nasal cavity through the system of lacrimal canaliculi.

If the above-mentioned channels fail due to a congenital defect or inflammation, stagnation of the tear fluid occurs, accompanied by a change in its composition. It contains more bacteria and dust particles, which irritate the mucous membrane of the eyes. As a result, an inflammatory process develops, leading to swelling and congestion of the sclera, and then to dry eye syndrome.

Using fans
At normal humidity and air temperature, as well as the absence of wind, the time for evaporation of moisture from the surface of the eyes is approximately 10 seconds. This is followed by closing the eyelids and once again moistening the eyes with newly received tear fluid. However, with an increase in ambient temperature, a decrease in air humidity and a headwind, this indicator decreases several times. In urban environments, this effect is achieved through the active use of air conditioners, fans and air heaters.

Working at a monitor for a long time
It has been scientifically proven that when working at a monitor, the frequency of blinking is at least halved. This fact leads to excessive drying of the cornea and the development of dry eye syndrome.

Wearing contact lenses
Contact lenses are polymer products placed on the cornea to correct vision. Ideally, they should completely follow the shape and correspond to the size of the cornea. The materials from which contact lenses are made vary in quality and price. High quality products have excellent transparency and do not cause passive irritation of the conjunctiva. In addition, there are certain rules the use of contact lenses, the observance of which allows you to maximally exhaust the entire limit of this product declared by the manufacturer.

Thus, by buying inexpensive lenses, ignoring the rules for their storage and use, and also changing them untimely, the patient risks developing reactive keratoconjunctivitis.

Using low quality cosmetics
Manufacturers of inexpensive cosmetics use numerous substances that have similar characteristics to expensive analogues, but cause greater harm to health. Often the negative effect of such cosmetics is unnoticeable, since it develops over a long period. Women who use it change color and turgor ( tension) skin, swelling appears under the eyes and wrinkles, which they unknowingly attribute to early signs aging. In some cases, contact dermatitis or conjunctivitis develops, manifested by a feeling of dry eyes.

Air pollution
The presence of dust particles, smoke, chemical fumes from varnishes and solvents in the air negatively affects not only respiratory system, but also on the mucous membrane of the eyes, causing irritation and inflammation. This effect increases with increasing air humidity, when these particles combine into larger droplets.

Pregnancy
It has been repeatedly noted that during pregnancy, women are susceptible to developing dry eye syndrome. The mechanisms by which this syndrome develops are not fully understood, but the most likely causes are considered to be a significant change in hormonal levels and an increase in basal body temperature.

Side effects of certain medications
Unfortunately, there are no drugs without side effects. Their diversity often amazes patients who decide to read the instructions before taking the drug. Side effects can develop both from local and systemic use of drugs.

Topically applied medications that reduce the stability of the precorneal tear film include medications such as beta-blocker eye drops ( timolol), anticholinergics ( atropine, scopolamine), low-quality preservatives, as well as local anesthetics ( tetracaine, procaine, etc.).

Systemic medications that cause dry eyes include some antihistamines ( diphenhydramine), hypotensive ( methyldopa), antiarrhythmic ( disopyramide, mexiletine), antiparkinsonian ( trihexyphenidyl, biperiden) drugs, combined oral contraceptives ( ovidon) and etc.

Diagnosis of the causes of dry eyes

To confirm the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome and determine its cause, it is necessary to use the maximum number of available sources of information. You should start with the simplest sources - collecting anamnesis and an objective examination, and if necessary, resort to expensive and, at the same time, highly targeted laboratory and instrumental studies.

Clinical picture of dry eye syndrome

Severity of dry eye syndrome

Norn's Test
The Norn test is performed to determine the stability of the precorneal tear film. Before the examination, the patient is instilled with a 0.2% fluorescein solution on the upper eyelid and asked to blink once. After this, the patient is examined in a slit lamp, the time between the opening of the eyelids and the rupture of the precorneal tear film is recorded. Normally, its breaking time ranges from 10 to 23 seconds. If the tear film breaks before the required time, then the reason for this should be sought among a number of diseases that predispose to this. If the lifespan of the tear film is within normal limits, then a Schirmer test should be performed.

Schirmer test
The Schirmer test is performed to determine the level of basal ( constant) secretion of the lacrimal glands. Before starting the test, one strip of filter paper measuring 5 x 50 mm is placed in the lower conjunctival sac of both eyes of the patient. Then the patient is asked to close his eyes and the countdown begins. After 5 minutes, the filter paper strips are removed and the distance to which they are wetted is measured. Evaluation of the results depends on the age of the patient. IN at a young age a value of 15 mm is considered normal, in older and elderly people – 10 mm. If the length of the wetted paper is less than 5 mm, then the test is considered positive, which means a decrease in the level of basal secretion of the lacrimal gland. The causes of this condition should be sought in the corresponding list of diseases.

Thus, using the history and objective examination data, as well as the functional tests described above, it is possible to determine the direction in which to look for the cause of dry eyes. Further diagnosis is based on laboratory and instrumental studies.

Laboratory research methods for dry eye syndrome

In number laboratory research to confirm dry eye syndrome include:

• cytology of a scraping or impression of the conjunctiva;
• immunological examination of blood and tear fluid;
• crystallography of tear fluid.

When taking an impression, one of the surfaces of the slide is applied to the conjunctiva for a few seconds, and then removed and immediately examined under a microscope.

With dry eye syndrome, there may be a decrease in the number of goblet cells, the presence of a certain amount of dead epithelial cells with signs of keratin deposition in them ( the main protein that makes up the skin), normally absent from the tissues of the conjunctiva.

Immunological examination of blood and tear fluid
This study is performed to determine the state of the immune system. Based on its results, it becomes possible to prescribe the necessary treatment.

Crystallography of tear fluid
Crystallography of tear fluid is performed by applying a drop of tear to a glass slide and then evaporating it. After the liquid part of the tear evaporates, microcrystals of different shapes and structures remain on the glass slide, the study of which makes it possible to determine the type of eye disease ( inflammatory, degenerative, tumor, etc.).

In addition to the above methods, additional highly focused studies may be required to identify diseases in which dry eye is a secondary symptom.

Such studies include:

• complete blood count and urinalysis;
• circulating immune complexes;
• determination of rheumatic tests;
• determination of thyroid hormone levels;
• determination of the level of glycosylated hemoglobin;
• determination of antibodies to the herpes virus, HIV, etc.;
• bone marrow puncture examination;
• culture of sputum and blood on special nutrient media, etc.

A general urine test can exclude kidney and urinary tract diseases, one of the manifestations of which may be dry eyes.

Circulating immune complexes
Determination of an increased amount of immune complexes circulating in the blood is one of the signs autoimmune disease, which is common cause dry eye syndrome.

Determination of rheumatic tests
Rheumatological tests include determination of the concentration of C-reactive protein, ASL-O ( antistreptolysin-O) and rheumatoid factor. An increase in these indicators in conjunction with the corresponding clinical picture and medical history allows us to make a diagnosis of one of the systemic connective tissue diseases.

Determination of thyroid hormone levels
Thyroid hormones are responsible for maintaining many body functions. They also regulate the functioning of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which, in turn, regulate the intensity of the lacrimal glands.

Determination of reduced T3 level ( triiodothyronine) and T4 ( thyroxine) indicates hypothyroidism, in which the basal level of secretion of the lacrimal gland decreases. Additional tests may be needed to identify the cause of hypothyroidism ( anti-TPO, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid scintigraphy, computed tomography of the brain, etc.).

Determination of the level of glycosylated hemoglobin
This test determines the average blood glucose level over the last 3 to 4 months and is considered the most preferred method for assessing the effectiveness of diabetes treatment and the patient's discipline. Increasing his performance higher normal values allows you to diagnose diabetes mellitus, which, in turn, can cause dry eye syndrome.

Determination of antibodies to herpes virus, HIV
Diagnosis of the above diseases is based on the determination of immunoglobulins in the blood ( antibodies) type M ( during the acute phase of the disease) and G ( in the chronic phase of the disease). When they are found, the possibility becomes significant that dry eyes are one of the rare manifestations of these diseases.

Bone marrow puncture examination
A bone marrow sample is collected from the sternum or wing ilium a special syringe, the needle of which is equipped with a penetration depth limiter. When studying this sample under a microscope, the state of all hematopoietic germs is determined. Based on these data, the type of anemia, leukemia or other hematological disease is determined.

Culture of sputum and blood on special nutrient media
Inoculation of sputum and blood on nutrient media is carried out for the purpose of growing microorganisms found in these biological fluids. After the appearance of colonies of microorganisms, their type and reaction to different kinds antibiotics in order to identify resistance to them. When pathogens of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy or typhus are detected, a parallel is drawn between this disease and dry eye syndrome.

Instrumental research methods for dry eye syndrome

To study tear fluid, methods such as:

• thiascopy;
• determination of osmolarity.

Tiascopy
Thiascopy involves microscopy of the precorneal tear film to study its structure. In particular, the thickness of the mucous, aqueous and lipid layers is assessed, after which a conclusion is made about its stability.

Determination of osmolarity
Tear osmolarity directly affects the strength of the tear film. Normally, this indicator is a relatively constant value, but in some diseases its value may change. Purpose this study is to determine the possibility of secondary drying of the tear film.

How to get rid of dry eyes?

Symptomatic treatment includes the use of hormonal and non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drops ( gels, ointments), antiallergic drugs, the above-mentioned artificial tears, etc.

Surgical treatment is actively used when medicinal methods do not bring the desired result. Typically, they are aimed at correcting corneal or eyelid defects, as well as treating complications of dry eye syndrome.

Drug treatment for dry eye syndrome

Also when drug treatment dry eye syndrome are used:

• artificial tears;
• tear production stimulants;
• hormonal and non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs;
• metabolic drugs;
• antiallergic drugs;
• antibiotics;
• other medicines aimed at treating diseases, one of the manifestations of which is dry eyes.

Tear production stimulants
The most commonly used tear production stimulants today include pentoxifylline, prescribed systemically at a dose of 100 mg 2-3 times a day for 6-8 weeks.

Hormonal and non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs
Anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most commonly used groups of drugs for the treatment of eye pathologies. Blocking the inflammatory process prevents the development of severe organic eye lesions that cause dryness.

Most non-steroidal ( non-hormonal) eye drops include diclofenac ( Diklo F), indomethacin ( indocollier), ketorolac ( ketadrop) and etc.

Among the hormonal anti-inflammatory eye drops, the most well-known representatives are Sofradex, Tobradex, etc. These drugs are classified as combination drugs, because in addition to the anti-inflammatory component ( dexamethasone) also contain antibacterial ( neomycin, gramicidin, framycetin, tobramycin, polymyxin B). The advantage of combined with dexamethasone eye medications is an extremely pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, as well as the possibility of their use for the treatment of graft rejection after corneal transplant surgery.

Metabolic drugs
Among the drugs in this group, dexpanthenol is most widely used, used in the form of ointments and gels, placed behind the lower eyelid several times a day. The effect of this drug is to increase the concentration of pantothenic acid in the eye tissues, which is actively involved in the metabolism of most enzyme systems of the body, while enhancing its regenerative properties.

Among antiallergic drugs, three groups of drugs have found use in ophthalmology: mast cell membrane stabilizers ( mast cells), lysosomal stabilizers ( lysosomes are small cellular organelles containing enzymes that are extremely toxic to cells) membranes and antihistamines. Membrane stabilizers prevent the release of histamine and lysosomal enzymes into the allergic focus, thus preventing its spread. Antihistamines block H1 receptors for histamine, preventing it from achieving its effect aimed at maintaining and intensifying the allergic process.

The most common mast cell stabilizers are ketotifen, nedocromil sodium and cromoglycic acid. Anti-inflammatory drugs act as stabilizers of lysosomal enzymes ( diclofenac, dexamethasone). Representatives antihistamines are loratadine, cetirizine, suprastin, etc. Antihistamines such as azelastine and spersallerg, etc. are used in the form of eye drops.

Antibiotics
Antibacterial drugs in ophthalmology they are often used as part of combination medications. They are used quite often, since even in the absence of a bacterial nature of the inflammatory process, there is always a high risk of its addition. The most commonly used antibiotics in ophthalmology include tetracycline, gentamicin, tobramycin, etc. Most often they are used topically in the form of ointments, but if necessary they are combined and prescribed systemically.

Antiviral drugs
The range of antiviral drugs in ophthalmology is not large, despite the fact that a fair proportion of eye infections are viral cause. The most used representatives are idoxuridine and acyclovir, prescribed both locally and systemically. Antiviral therapy is often combined with immunomodulators ( interferons).

Other medicines aimed at treating diseases, one of the manifestations of which is dry eyes
In cases where diseases of other organs and systems are the cause of dry eyes, medications should be used to treat these pathologies.

In particular, when malignant formations cytostatics are used in the hematopoietic system. In case of anemia, they resort to additional administration of missing substances ( vitamin B12, folic acid, iron) or to the use of hormones ( for cytolytic autoimmune anemias).

For menopausal syndrome, combined oral contraceptives are indicated ( triziston, rigevidon, etc.). However, it should be remembered that drugs in this group significantly increase the risk of developing breast and uterine cancer, cerebral stroke and deep vein thrombosis. In this regard, before starting reception oral contraceptives It is recommended that you and your doctor carefully weigh their benefits and harms.

For hypothyroidism, thyroid hormone replacement therapy is prescribed. For diabetes mellitus, treatment is prescribed depending on its type. In the first type, extended-release insulin is used short acting. For type 2 diabetes mellitus, drugs are used that improve the penetration of glucose into the body's cells, thus stimulating a decrease in its level in the peripheral blood.

Treatment of infectious diseases is carried out taking into account their causative agent. For bacterial diseases ( cholera, tuberculosis, typhus) treatment with antibiotics is prescribed. At viral diseases (HIV, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus) treatment is carried out with antiviral drugs.

If dry eye syndrome develops as a side effect of one of the medications you are taking, you should stop taking it and, if possible, switch to using second- or third-line medications.

Surgical treatment of dry eye syndrome

There are the following types of surgical interventions for dry eye syndrome:

• blockage of the lacrimal ducts;
• reduction in the area of ​​tear fluid evaporation ( tarsorrhaphy);
• implantation of additional lacrimal glands;
• treatment of complications ( corneal ulcer, corneal perforation, etc.).

Reducing the area of ​​tear fluid evaporation
Reducing the area of ​​tear fluid evaporation is achieved by suturing the edges of the eyelids and narrowing the palpebral fissure. This surgical intervention is performed if the blockage of the lacrimal ducts is not enough to restore normal level secretion of the lacrimal glands.

Implantation of additional lacrimal glands
Transplantation of additional mucous glands from the oral cavity to soft fabrics eye appendages is an effective, but rather labor-intensive method of treating dry eye syndrome. Its effectiveness largely depends on the professionalism of the surgeon.

Treatment of complications
The most common complication of dry eye syndrome is a deep corneal ulcer, often leading to corneal perforation. Surgical treatment of such ulcers consists of transplanting tissue flaps from the conjunctiva, oral mucosa, dura mater, cartilage, etc.

The effectiveness of such operations depends on the volume of the defect, the tissue used for transplantation, the instrumentation, the technique used, the experience of the surgeon, etc.

Folk remedies for treating dry eye syndrome

For conjunctivitis, it is recommended to use lotions from the infusion of marshmallow, as they reduce the severity of the inflammatory process and have some disinfecting effect. The tincture is prepared by pouring boiling water over 3 - 4 tablespoons of the crushed plant per 1 glass. After 8 - 10 hours, you can make lotions on your eyelids from the resulting infusion every 2 - 3 hours.

A good metabolic remedy is an infusion of blueberry leaves and hop cones. It is prepared in a similar way, but it should not be consumed externally, but internally, 2-3 sips 30 minutes before meals 3-4 times a day.

When purulent masses form on the surface of the eye, lotions from rosehip infusion should be used. The highest quality infusion is prepared in a thermos. Place 100 - 200 g of rose hips in it, pour boiling water over it, close tightly and leave for 6 - 8 hours. Only under such conditions does the decoction become sufficiently concentrated.

Washing the eyes with decoctions of sage, chamomile and calendula reduces the severity of pain and the feeling of sand in the eyes. At viral conjunctivitis St. John's wort has a pronounced therapeutic effect, used in the form of a decoction both locally and internally, 1 - 2 tablespoons 2 - 3 times a day before meals or an hour after meals.

Prevention of dry eye syndrome

According to statistics, dry eye syndrome develops under the following circumstances:

• increased visual tension ( working at a computer monitor, reading, etc.);
• low air humidity ( desert climate, work in some factories and enterprises);
• high ambient temperature ( desert climate, work of a baker or stoker, etc.);
• constant air currents ( fans, air conditioners, drafts, etc.);
• the effect of an irritating factor ( toxins, allergens, dust particles, cosmetics, contact lenses, etc.).

What should you do to keep your eyes moisturized?

When using air conditioners and fans, make sure that the air flow is directed slightly away from people.

What to avoid if you are prone to dry eyes?

If known irritant leading to dry eyes, it should be excluded. These factors include allergens, contact lenses, dust, fumes from certain organic matter and etc.

In addition, we should not forget about diseases, one of the manifestations of which is dry eyes. Due attention should be paid to their prevention, and in case of infection, it is necessary to promptly consult a doctor and start taking the necessary medications.

Can I use contact lenses if I have dry eyes?

You should always remember that contact lenses are foreign bodies for the eye, no matter how tightly they fit the cornea. There are many conditions under which contact lens irritation would be minimal.

Rules for using contact lenses include:

• correspondence of wearing time with the type of lenses;
• gradual transition from one type of lenses to another;
• compliance with hygiene measures;
• compliance with the expiration date;
• avoidance harmful influence external factors, etc.

Correspondence of wearing time to the type of lenses

Daytime lenses are allowed to be worn only while awake. Before going to bed, the lens must be removed. Extended wear lenses can be worn around the clock for no more than 7 days in a row, but it is recommended to remove them every 3 to 4 days and give the eye epithelium some rest. Continuous wear lenses are designed for an average of one month, however, as in the previous case, it is recommended to take a break after 10 - 15 days.

Gradual transition from one type of lenses to another

Maintaining hygiene measures

There are only three basic rules of lens hygiene. First of all, you should perform all manipulations with lenses with thoroughly washed hands. It is also important to periodically change the solution in reservoirs in which lenses are kept outside of use. The more often the solution is changed, the better. The lens storage solution must match the type of lens, and ideally, the manufacturer. Finally, it is important not to leave your lenses anywhere other than the designated container. Drying out a lens can completely ruin it in just a few hours.

Compliance with the expiration date

Wearing lenses longer than stated by the manufacturer, even with careful care, predisposes to excessive irritation of eye tissue and the development of dryness.

Avoiding the harmful influence of external factors

In order for the purchased lenses to serve their full service life and not cause eye irritation, they should, if possible, not be exposed to contact with the above substances. If eye drops are indicated for the patient, an ophthalmologist should be consulted regarding their interaction with contact lenses. If they are incompatible, it is recommended to change drops or lenses and choose the optimal combination.

What to do if your child has dry eyes?

It should be remembered that the feeling of dry eyes is not always a symptom of illness. It often appears under the influence of factors such as prolonged eye strain when working at a computer or reading from paper, being under a fan or air conditioner, at high ambient temperatures or low humidity. Also probable reasons Dry eyes are caused by low-quality cosmetics, polluted air and taking certain medications. Thus, by eliminating all of the above factors, the child can stop complaining of dry eyes. If this symptom persists, you should consult a specialist.

If your child has dry eyes, you may need to contact:

• ophthalmologist;
• pediatrician;
• infectious disease specialist;
• hematologist;
• dermatologist, etc.

A pediatrician treats many diseases, one of the manifestations of which is dry eye syndrome. In particular, such diseases include allergies, diabetes, hypothyroidism, etc.

An infectious disease specialist should be consulted when dry eyes are caused by fever of unknown etiology, enteroviral infections, cholera, HIV, etc.

For blood diseases such as anemia, acute and chronic leukemia you should contact a hematologist.

A dermatologist will help if dry eyes develop due to ichthyosis, herpetic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, etc.

What drops to use for dry eye syndrome?

When dry eye is primary, only symptomatic treatment is effective ( artificial tear) and pathogenetic treatment ( stimulants for tear production). If dry eye is secondary, then the disease that caused it should be treated. For this purpose, drops with antibiotics, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antiallergic substances are used. Combination drugs are especially popular.

Types of eye drops

What are the consequences of dry eye syndrome?

With the right and timely treatment Dry eye syndrome resolves quite safely without any consequences. However, if the patient does not pay attention to dry eyes for a long time, it ultimately leads to inflammatory changes in the cornea, and in the worst case scenario, in other eye tissues.

TO adverse consequences dry eye syndrome include:

• keratoconjunctivitis;
• corneal ulcer;
• thorn;
• corneal perforation;
• inflammation internal environments eyes;
• corneal keratinization;

Keratoconjunctivitis

Corneal ulcer

Belmo

Corneal perforation

Inflammation of the internal media of the eye

Corneal keratinization

Blindness

Called xerophthalmia. It is a disease of the organ of vision in which the lacrimal gland does not secrete enough fluid. As a result, it may be disrupted chemical composition tear film on the surface of the cornea, which leads to the development of eye inflammation and decreased visual acuity.

Vascular manifestations of dry eye syndrome

In the early stages, treatment of dry eyes with folk remedies can be actively used. In severe forms of this disease, home recipes will complement drug therapy.

Causes of dry eye syndrome

A thin film on the cornea performs protective function. They protect the organ of vision from drying out and prevent injury to the mucous membrane by foreign bodies. In a healthy person, the tear film has several layers:

• external – consists mainly of fats, protects against excess moisture loss;
• intermediate - consists of proteins that nourish the cornea and participates in the processes of light refraction;
• internal - the base layer, which is adjacent to the mucous membrane of the eye and has protective properties.

When there is a violation of the integrity of the composition of the layers, the first manifestations of the disease occur. With age, the processes of tear fluid synthesis deteriorate significantly. Except, physiological reasons, there are external factors that can cause pathology in the tear fluid.

Traditional medicine methods

Today, many people use folk remedies for dry eyes. The fight against a disease can involve many methods that need to be applied at the first symptoms of the disease. Treatment of dry eye with folk remedies will depend on the stage of the problem.

Lotions:

1. For lotions, experts recommend decoctions of medicinal herbs. They relieve inflammation, pain and discomfort. Chamomile flowers, marshmallow root and eyebright stems are dried, finely chopped and used to prepare infusions. Raw materials can be used as a collection or each plant separately. To prepare, you will need 2-3 tablespoons of the mixture or one ingredient. They are poured with a glass of boiling water and cooled to room temperature. Then you need to strain the solution, moisten cotton pads and place them on the eye socket area. The duration of the procedure should be at least 15 minutes. It should be used twice a day until the condition completely improves.
2. A strong infusion of green tea is quite effective in reducing dry eyes and has a calming effect. To prepare the product, you need to take 40 grams of leaves, fill them with 220 milligrams of hot water, seal them with a lid and leave for an hour. Cover your eyelids with moistened cotton pads for 20 minutes. At the end of the procedure, the corneal mucosa and conjunctiva are washed with the solution.

Drops:

1. You can also make homemade drops to moisturize your eyes and use them several times a day. Honey in an amount of 15 ml is dissolved in a water bath until a homogeneous mass is obtained, and then 30 ml of boiled water is added and cooled. Instill 1-2 drops into each conjunctival sac daily for a week. To enhance the effect, you can add 5 ml of freshly squeezed aloe juice to the honey solution.
2. Medical glycerin with enough high degree cleaning should be purchased at the pharmacy chain and stored in the refrigerator. Before use, the product must be heated to body temperature and instilled 2-3 drops into each conjunctival sac. After completing the procedure, you should do a light massage of the closed lower eyelids to evenly distribute glycerin over the surface of the cornea. The recommended course is two weeks. Therapy is prescribed once every other day.

Compresses:

1. You need to take horseradish root and pour boiling water over it. After that, grate it on a fine grater. Finely chopped onions are added to the resulting pulp. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed and applied to the eye socket area, held for no more than 3-4 minutes. The vegetable compress improves blood flow to the organ of vision and has an irritating effect, while increasing the secretion of tear fluid.
2. Fresh potatoes are peeled and washed in running water. Then you need to grate the potatoes and squeeze out the juice. After this, you can place it on your eyelids and wash it off after 7-12 minutes. Starch reduces burning sensation and has anti-inflammatory properties. To improve the effect, add a few drops of freshly squeezed dill juice to the vegetable pulp.

Lubricating the eyelids

When irritating substances are applied to the eyelids, tear fluid will be synthesized. This prevents corneal dryness. For this purpose they most often use mustard oil, which is lubricated upper eyelids. The liquid is evaporated from camphor oil by heating it over a fire in a metal spoon. The resulting powder should be mixed with two drops of olive oil and lubricated with this product around the eyes every morning and evening.

Prevention

1. To prevent dry eyes, you should consume at least one and a half liters of water per day.
2. Nutrition must be balanced and include required amount microelements and vitamins.
3. When working with dangerous machinery or engaging in extreme sports, you must wear eye protection.
4. In sunny weather, it is recommended to wear glasses that will protect against ultraviolet radiation.
5. You should follow the rules of working at the computer and rest every 40 minutes of work.
6. Timely treatment of etiological diseases, correct use Contact lenses significantly reduce the likelihood of developing the disease.

Now you know what folk remedies can be used to treat dry eyes. Before using a folk remedy for dry eyes, you should consult your doctor. We hope this information was useful and interesting.