Allergy table. What if it’s a reaction to sweets?

A violation of the absorption of food, in which the incoming protein is recognized as a foreign agent, so the body begins to produce antibodies against it - this is the definition of food allergy given by doctors. Berries, cereals and even apples can be irritants. The exception is salt and sugar, but in case of exacerbation of an allergic reaction, they are also strictly prohibited, since they irritate the intestinal mucosa. Thanks to a strict diet:

• the condition improves during exacerbation;
• the risk of relapse is reduced;
• toxins accumulated as a result of the fight of antibodies against “foreign agents” are eliminated;
• the need for using antihistamines is reduced;
• a specific allergen is identified (if it is unknown).

A special menu for allergy sufferers, which implies the exclusion of dangerous foods, brings a lot of benefits in case of allergies, even as a diagnostic measure, but diet cannot be the only way to eliminate the problem. Nutrition correction does not replace taking antihistamines and other therapeutic methods prescribed by a doctor based on examinations.

Principles

A strict diet for allergies must be strictly followed, since in some situations even the patient’s life may depend on it: a distorted immune response is manifested not only by skin rashes and inflammation with intestinal upset, but also by suffocation. An anaphylactic reaction can lead to fatal outcome. For this reason, it is important to familiarize yourself with the main principles of a therapeutic diet:

• Limit quantity table salt up to 6 g/day.
• Food must pass heat treatment, but frying is prohibited: the menu contains only stewed, baked, boiled, steamed. After eliminating the symptoms of exacerbation, you can prepare salads from fresh fruits or vegetables.
• For allergies, meals are split, meals up to 8 times a day, also to reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract. Small portions additionally help monitor reactions to food and prevent a possible relapse (the more allergen you eat, the more severe the condition will be).
• You should cook it yourself, not from store-bought semi-finished products, so that you have no doubts about the composition of the food.
• Food additives, dyes, preservatives, sauces, mayonnaise are strictly prohibited for any food allergy.
• The introduction of new foods requires strict monitoring: start with small doses and be sure to describe the reaction in a food diary. If possible, carry out tests under the supervision of your family or doctor.
• Carefully study the ingredients on factory products to eliminate traces of allergens. Do not purchase minced meat or fish.

Types of basic diets

Doctors say that it is not only food allergies that require a menu revision: a negative reaction to medications also needs to alleviate the patient’s condition by removing certain foods from the diet. The severity of the patient's condition also plays a role in drawing up a nutrition plan. Based on this, experts have developed 2 types of strict diets:

• Basic or non-specific. Prescribed during periods of exacerbation, or when the exact allergen is unknown, to reduce the burden on digestion and alleviate negative symptoms.
• Eliminatory or specific. They are selected according to a specific irritant and involve its complete elimination from the nutrition plan, therefore they can also be used in the acute period. They also help to understand the exact reaction of the body, the possibility of replacing a causally significant food irritant with a low-allergenic one.

Nonspecific

It is advisable to fast for the first 1–2 days if you have an allergic reaction to food and the irritant is unknown. At this time, you can drink clean water (1.5 liters per day for adults, 1 liter for infants), still mineral water, and lightly brewed tea. Afterwards, a strict hypoallergenic diet is prescribed, the menu of which is based on foods that do not provoke a strong negative immune response:

• buckwheat and oatmeal (boiled in water);
• wheat bread (1-2 grade, yesterday's), breadcrumbs;
• vegetable soups (possibly with the addition of these cereals);
• rosehip decoction, unsweetened dried fruit compotes.

Such a strict hypoallergenic diet is observed for up to 5 days, during which the manifestations of exacerbation should subside in order to transfer the patient to a more varied diet. Vegetables and fruits are introduced in large quantities, but gradually, especially those that are moderately and highly allergenic. Reaction to each new element the menu is carefully monitored.

Elimination

A specific strict diet is indicated for persons in whom the exact irritant is known. Not only it is removed from the menu, but everything that has a similar structure to it: sources of cross allergens. The percentage of content in dishes does not matter. Additionally, eliminate from the diet:

• Enhancers of allergenicity of any food (mucous irritants): strong rich broths, spices, sugar, salt, vinegar, mustard, horseradish.
• Highly allergenic foods: chocolate (and everything containing cocoa), coffee, honey, citrus fruits, fish.

It is important to create a menu of a strict elimination diet with the addition of enterosorbent products - sources of fiber that help to quickly alleviate a person’s condition by removing toxins. Bran, cereals (preferably whole grains - not bran), vegetables, fruits are introduced into the daily diet, and dishes must be prepared by stewing or boiling. With a properly chosen elimination diet, allergy symptoms subside within 3–4 days. Strict restrictions nutrition is observed for 2 weeks. A couple more nuances:

• With a seasonal reaction, you have to adhere to a strict diet throughout the entire period of active dusting of the allergen.
• If the body’s negative immune response is not seasonal, an elimination diet is prescribed for 10–15 days while the person is undergoing treatment. In rare cases, strict bans are lifelong.

Types of products based on allergen content

If a person encounters a negative reaction to food for the first time and cannot accurately determine which product poses a danger to him, the diet is based on the complete exclusion of potential strong irritants. Based on the concentration of allergens, products are divided into:

• Highly active: nuts, cocoa beans (and their derivatives), coffee, honey, eggs, wheat, mushrooms, seafood, fish, vinegar, spices, confectionery, citrus fruits, poultry (except turkey, chicken), mangoes, pineapples, strawberries, eggplants, tomatoes, radishes, melons, milk (and its derivatives), mayonnaise, smoked meats, mustard, horseradish.
• Medium active: beef, chicken, potatoes, buckwheat, oat and rice cereals, legumes (soybeans, peas, beans), beets, turnips, black currants, rose hips, lingonberries, blueberries, cranberries, cherries.
• Low active: dairy products, millet, pearl barley, corn, turkey, rabbit, lean lamb and pork, cabbage (cauliflower, broccoli, white cabbage), zucchini, dill, parsley, pears, apples, cherries, plums, currants (white, red).

Diet menu for allergies in adults

Even the most stringent dietary restrictions do not indicate a meager diet: after eliminating the main allergens (and in some situations, secondary ones), a person does not lose the opportunity to eat a varied and tasty diet. An important point in the diet is to take into account cross-reactions:

• If you are allergic to nuts, it is advisable to exclude buckwheat, rice and oatmeal, sesame, poppy, mango, and kiwi from your diet.
• If you are allergic to peanuts, tomatoes, soybeans, green peas and fruits with large seeds (apricot, plum, nectarine, etc.) may pose a danger.

The need for a strict diet for drug allergies is disputed by some doctors, but if the condition is severe, it makes sense to switch to a nonspecific diet for a short period of time hypoallergenic food or follow one of these options:

• Allergy to aspirin: strict avoidance of berries, citrus fruits, melons, peaches, plums, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers.
• Allergy to antibiotics: removal from the menu of nuts, cheese, strawberries, mushrooms, grapes, seafood, eggs, heavy (spicy, fried, fatty) dishes, eggs, exotic fruits, semi-finished products, sausages, carbonated drinks.

During the period when allergy symptoms subside

The most varied diet is considered to be a simple non-specific diet, which requires eating 4 times a day or more often and involves excluding only elements that irritate the digestive tract. The basic diet for allergies in adults is based on the following food lists:

If you are allergic to tree pollen

There is a cross-reaction between plant allergens (not all) and proteins that are present in food products, therefore, if there is an intolerance to tree pollen (especially birch, hazel, oak, alder, maple), herbs, a person should refuse some food products. A strict diet looks like this:

If you are allergic to cow's milk

According to experts, cow's milk has no obvious related allergens, and the reason is negative reaction either casein or lactose appear, so only dairy products are excluded from the diet (goat products too). Whether to remove fermented milk depends on the individual organism. To replace you can use rice milk, almond or nut, if you are not allergic to them. Diet recommendations:

If you are allergic to fish

If through laboratory research The type of fish that is not accepted by the body has been determined, and only it is removed from the diet. In other cases, you must refuse any fish, caviar, products/dishes containing this component (including fish fat, bone meal), seafood. The rest of the food is not prohibited, so in the diet a large number of allowed products:

Healthy recipes

Delicious and safe dishes for allergies are selected according to specific dietary restrictions. The recipes presented below are focused only on a non-specific diet with an additional strict ban on highly active irritants, processed foods, spices, canned food, marinades, pickles for a person whose symptoms of exacerbation have subsided. Don’t forget to check with your doctor directly about which allergy products are allowed for you.

• Time: 35 minutes.
• Number of servings: 3 persons.
• Calorie content of the dish: 339 kcal per 100 grams.
• Purpose: for tea.
• Kitchen: homemade.
• Difficulty: easy.

These crispy cookies can be served for breakfast or evening tea. Those who are watching their figure will also like them, since there is not an ounce of sugar in the baked goods (the sweetness is provided by banana), there is no flour (only oat flakes are used, and if you are allergic to gluten, buckwheat). If you want a smoother surface, add an egg if you are not allergic to the protein. For a more interesting taste, raisins, dried cranberries, and grated apple can be added here.

Ingredients:

• oat flakes “Hercules” – 140 g;
• vegetable oil – 50 ml;
• overripe banana – 120 g;
• raisins (optional) – 30 g.

Cooking method:

1. Pour boiling water over the raisins and let them steam.
2. Pour the flakes into a frying pan and brown.
3. Grind in a food processor (but not into flour!).
4. Place the banana there and twist for another minute.
5. Add butter, raisins, stir.
6. Place the balls on a baking sheet and flatten into thick cakes. Bake at 200 degrees for 20–25 minutes.

Turkey cutlets with zucchini

• Time: 1 hour.
• Number of servings: 3 persons.
• Calorie content of the dish: 61 kcal.
• Purpose: for lunch.
• Kitchen: homemade.
• Difficulty: medium.

Of all the types of meat and poultry for allergies, the safest is turkey, on the basis of which you can make delicious baked cutlets. If the working mass turns out to be very liquid, squeeze it out with your hands and add a couple of tablespoons of oatmeal. If desired, you can make a combination of minced turkey and veal, and serve the finished cutlets with mashed potatoes (without butter or milk).

Ingredients:

• turkey – 350 g;
• zucchini – 200 g;
• a bunch of dill;
• salt (optional) – 1/4 tsp.

Cooking method:

1. Cut the turkey into pieces, peel and cut the zucchini in the same way. Pulse in a food processor.
2. Chop the dill and add to the resulting mixture. Add salt as desired.
3. Form small cutlets with your hands, place in a ceramic mold, and cover with foil.
4. Place in a cold oven. Bake at 180 degrees for 40–45 minutes (counting from the moment of complete heating).

Video

To the group allergic diseases includes various conditions: from simple rhinitis, conjunctivitis, dyspepsia, dermatitis of allergic origin, to more serious and dangerous ones - angioedema Quincke's disease, bronchial asthma and anaphylactic shock. Hypoallergenic nutrition is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of allergic reactions. Any diet for allergies in adults and children is selected in accordance with the symptoms, type of allergen and individual characteristics of the patient.

The meaning and goals of a hypoallergenic diet

Allergies manifest themselves in different ways and the reasons for these dissimilar reactions may also differ. Regardless of the factors that caused certain allergy symptoms, an important role in treatment is played by proper nutrition. The hypoallergenic diet aims to achieve the following goals:

• reduce the hypersensitivity of the body, reduce the severity of inflammatory and allergic processes;
• prevent the intake of substances from food that can cause allergies or aggravate the patient’s condition;
• ensure the entry into the body of other substances that help reduce tissue inflammation, epithelization and protect the skin.

Nutritional therapy for allergic diseases is an important part of their complex treatment. Main principle Any hypoallergenic diet means excluding foods with a high allergenic or antigenic potential from the diet.

The state of the digestive system also greatly influences the course and development of allergies. With inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, disruption of intestinal microflora, decreased secretory functions, natural barriers are disrupted. Incompletely degraded products, which have significant sensitizing activity, penetrate into the blood. This causes allergic skin rashes, respiratory and other symptoms. Therefore, nutrition should be correct and beneficial for the digestive tract.

Types of hypoallergenic diets

Diets should be distinguished depending on the type of allergy, type of allergen, symptoms, phase of the course and severity of the disease. There is a so-called basic (or basic) diet with lists common to all dangerous products with medium, low and high allergenicity index. For allergies manifested by a rash or hives on the skin, cough or rhinitis, swelling of mucous tissues, when the allergen is unknown or is of a non-food nature, this basic diet is prescribed.

A diet for food allergies, if the allergen is known, is prescribed a special one - elimination. It differs in that causally significant products, products that include this product in small trace quantities, as well as all ingredients that contain substances similar in structure to the main allergen, in order to avoid cross-reactions.

Experts also share concepts such as allergies and food intolerance. In one case, the body's response in the form of dermatitis or eczema on the skin, digestive disorders may occur after eating a small amount of a certain food. In another, it all depends on the amount eaten. Therefore, in the first case, a hypoallergenic diet is prescribed that limits certain foods, and in the second, they only reduce the amount of foods for which the body does not produce enough enzymes to process them.

Lists of products for a therapeutic diet

The tactics of diet therapy are greatly influenced by the presence or absence of certain symptoms, their nature, the period of the disease (remission or exacerbation) and much more. But there are lists of foods allowed and not recommended for consumption that are common to all allergy sufferers. These lists should be adjusted individually by a doctor for each patient.

An allergic reaction can occur to any product. But some of them have a very high antigenic potential and pronounced sensitizing qualities. These include proteins containing:

• seafood;
• meat;
• fish;
• fish roe;
• legumes;
• nuts.

Also highly allergenic are:

• citrus;
• strawberry;
• tomatoes;
• bell pepper;
• chocolate;
• yeast.

• wheat products;
• semolina;
• milk;
• cottage cheese;
• sour cream;
• fatty varieties of pork and beef;
• poultry meat, especially chicken.

Restrictions are sometimes quite strict, for example, when the allergen is unknown, or the patient’s condition is very serious. But the diet should not be meager. He is obliged to provide the body with all the important nutrients. On a daily basis, an adult of average height and weight with a high level of motor and mental activity needs to consume approximately:

1. 30 g animal and 40 g vegetable proteins;
2. 40 g of plant and 15 g of animal lipids;
3. 300 g of easily digestible carbohydrates.

The total number of kilocalories is 2200-2500. The hypoallergenic diet for food allergies and other types of this disease recommends the following products for consumption:

• dietary meats (rabbit, veal, young lamb);
• gluten-free cereals (oatmeal, buckwheat, rice, pearl barley);
• vegetables (zucchini, cabbage, potatoes);
• fruits and berries (light varieties of apples, pears, white currants and cherries);
• low-fat fermented milk products;
• olive, sunflower and sesame oil;
• compotes, mineral water no gases.

To speed up recovery, the body must receive such important substances, such as selenium, vitamins C, E, A, monounsaturated fatty acids, magnesium, etc. They help reduce inflammatory processes, reducing the tone and hyperactivity of muscle tissue, which is very important for allergic cough or bronchial asthma, and natural antioxidants normalize metabolic processes in cells and tissues.

Therefore, you need to coordinate the menu with your doctor, and not independently exclude from the diet the foods necessary for an allergic patient. It is very important to seek help from a doctor if you need a diet for allergies in children. After all, a growing body needs a balanced and healthy eating that does not limit the child's needs.

A standard hypoallergenic diet involves excluding foods that contain histamine, tyramine, phenylethylamine, serotonin, and other histamine-like substances. These products include fermented cheeses, alcoholic drinks, raw smoked sausages, beef sausages, canned fish, spices, herbs, garlic, onions, horseradish, mustard. The substances contained in these products promote the release of allergy mediators and provoke pseudo-allergic reactions: skin rashes, swelling of the mucous membranes, nasal congestion, difficulty breathing. They are very similar to the usual manifestations of allergies.

No less dangerous are specific additives that are included in the formulation of many products: flavorings, preservatives, dyes, thickeners, etc. Glutamate, sodium benzoate and sulfate, tartrazine, salicylic acid salts are considered dangerous. There is also such a thing as hidden allergens. These are antibiotics contained in milk, nut butters in confectionery, etc.

Quite a lot important has also the freshness of the products. It is known that molds are strong allergenic organisms. Their spores can be found on fruits and vegetables, cottage cheese and cheeses, and baked goods. Therefore, it is important to follow the rules for processing culinary products, wash raw fruits and vegetables before eating and eat only fresh food.

Diet during exacerbation of allergies

A condition when allergic symptoms intensify, the patient’s body is in a state of hyperactivity and reacts to various irritations, factors and foods with new manifestations, is called an exacerbation of the disease. At this time, a strict diet is necessary. The menu for 10-20 days should include only products with low level allergenicity. If the symptoms have disappeared, then you can carefully return to your previous type of diet, adding about 1 product per week to the menu.

Such a strict diet is also called fasting. IN clinical practice In the treatment of allergic diseases, fasting-dietary therapy is necessary for severe, difficult-to-control symptoms. It is indicated for combinations of allergies with obesity and dermatitis. Some diseases and conditions are a reason to refuse fasting dietary treatment (tuberculosis, pregnancy, old age and age less than 12 years). Short-term weekly fasting courses can only be carried out with the permission of a doctor and preferably in a hospital setting.

Features of a hypoallergenic diet in children

If everything is clear with adults, allergy symptoms have appeared, which means we exclude allergens from the diet, follow a diet, then what should the parents of a child whose main diet consists of milk and dairy products do? A diet for allergies in children should be drawn up by a doctor and carried out under his strict supervision.

Today there are many mixtures based on amino acids, milk hydrolysates (milk protein, for example, casein is subjected to specific processing), soy isolate. There are various dairy-free porridges, mono-component purees, and fermented milk mixtures.

From the menu of a child with allergies, it is necessary to exclude eggs, seafood and fish, millet and legumes, cow's milk, and nuts for up to one and a half years or longer. A strict diet is followed from 2 weeks to several months. The child's parents should keep a food diary. It should note all the changes occurring in the baby, analyze and compare them with those products that are included in the child’s daily menu. If after 10 days there are no visible changes or improvements in the child’s condition, then the list of permitted and prohibited products must be revised.

Changing your child's diet on your own can be dangerous. Consequences such as anemia, rickets, vitamin deficiency, etc. develop due to a lack of valuable and important substances for the growing and developing child’s body.

How to eat properly if you have allergies

The menu for allergy sufferers (both children and adults) should be gentle and at the same time physiologically complete. Table salt consumption for an adult is limited to six grams per day. It is advisable to consume all products boiled or steamed. When cooking meat and fish, the broth must be drained several times.

It is better to take food fractionally, dividing the total amount into 6 parts. If there is edema, fluid intake must be monitored and limited. You also need to exit the diet correctly. Products are gradually reintroduced into the diet, first low-allergenic ones, and then, if everything is normal, the rest, starting with the smallest doses.

If, after consuming a product, one or more symptoms relapsed, skin rashes appeared, digestion was upset, or the cough returned without signs of a cold, then this product is considered “problematic.” It, as well as all dishes in which it is included, even in the smallest quantities, is excluded from the diet. So, if you are allergic to eggs, biscuits, pasta, pancakes, etc. are prohibited.

Each allergy sufferer can independently, by the method of exclusion and selection, create a menu for themselves for every day. But during periods of exacerbations, it is still better to consult a doctor and reduce the allergic load on the body using medications. You should not refuse to diagnose and search for allergens using special tests or analyzes if your doctor recommends it. For seasonal allergies, it is important to follow a hypoallergenic diet during flowering periods. Right organized meals accelerates recovery and alleviates allergies.

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Causes of allergies

Among the causes of allergies, first of all, it is worth noting poor nutrition and unhealthy lifestyle. Abuse of fast foods and fried fatty foods contributes to impaired liver function, which in turn provokes allergic reactions. It is also very important psychological condition sick.

Among various food products, the following allergens can be identified:

There are quite a few allergens among medications:

• Antibiotics;
• Oral contraceptives;
• Medicines for the cardiovascular system;
• Corticosteroids;
• Essential oils.

Among the reasons include smoking. Almost every smoker has hay fever or bronchial asthma, since his body is constantly susceptible to nicotine intoxication. Hay fever is also caused by pollen different plants, which begin to bloom in March and last until September. Hay fever can also cause allergies such as allergies to household dust or cat fur.

People with heart disease are at risk renal failure and liver problems. Children, and especially infants, are often susceptible. Pregnant women and nursing mothers should also be careful - they have a high risk of developing food allergies. It has been repeatedly proven that residents of large industrial cities suffer from the disease much more often than residents rural areas. People having chronic diseases, be sure to have at least one type of allergy.

How does it manifest itself?

Each type of allergy has its own symptoms. We invite you to familiarize yourself with some:

As we can see, all the symptoms are quite similar to each other, and they also apply to other types of allergies. But complications may also arise in the form of Quincke's edema and anaphylactic shock. To prevent this, you should immediately take action to eliminate the first symptoms.

General rules of nutrition for allergies

Usually, allergic manifestations occur against the background of exacerbation of chronic or viral diseases. It is important to choose the right diet for yourself in order to alleviate the course of the disease. Check out the foods you should exclude from your diet during this period:

You will have to limit yourself in the consumption of semolina, pasta and bread. Milk and sour cream are allowed in small quantities. You can also have yoghurts with fruit additives. The only meat you can eat is chicken and lamb, and then boiled. Eat beets, turnips, carrots, garlic and onions with caution. Also, do not overdo it in consuming the following fruits and berries: cherries, bananas, currants, blackberries.

1. Contact your doctor so he can choose the right “approved” foods for you.
2. You should try products that are new to you especially carefully, in the presence of loved ones - in case of an attack, they will be able to help you.
3. Prepare your own meals using only fresh ingredients. Prepare in portions, do not leave for tomorrow, even in the refrigerator.
4. Avoid preservatives and shelf-stable foods.
5. Forget about convenience foods.

But that's all general rule, falling under any type of allergy. And for everyone separate disease you need your own diet, which is strikingly different from others.

Diet for pollen allergies

With this type of disease, it is important to know what exactly the reaction occurs to. If you know this, it will not be difficult for you to choose a menu for yourself from the “right” food products. In case of allergic reactions to birch, apple, alder and poplar pollen, you must completely avoid the following products:

• Cherries, sweet cherries, peaches;
• Nuts, apples, kiwi;
• Carrots, potatoes, celery.

The consumption of birch sap is strictly prohibited. Also, you should not resort to treatment with various herbal remedies. If the main allergen for you is cereal pollen, then products such as wheat, rye, rolled oats and all products containing them are prohibited for you. The consumption of beer, vodka, kvass, and sorrel is also not allowed.

If you are allergic to ragweed pollen or other weeds, avoid bananas, melons, sunflower seeds, sunflower products, coffee and cocoa. And for hay fever on quinoa pollen - beets and spinach. For any manifestation hay fever, whether it is caused by ragweed or birch, the use of honey and propolis is unacceptable, and you should also be very careful when preparing tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers.

Diet for food allergies

It is also important to avoid fast foods and processed foods, which have a detrimental effect on the already irritated mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract. The menu should be dominated by products of plant origin. Smoked and salty foods are not allowed on the table - during periods of exacerbation, mudflow is your enemy.

Nutrition for milk allergies

Everyone knows that milk is the main source of calcium. But very often there are cases of allergic reactions from its use. In this case, the person will have to give up any dairy products and dishes containing it. Also not allowed for consumption butter, chocolate, fish. Beef and chicken eggs cause cross-reactions, so their consumption is also not permissible. You should not eat breaded foods. Any confectionery products such as muffins, cakes, pastries, ice cream, candies, and cookies are prohibited.

All these products can be replaced with analogues that contain sufficient amounts of calcium and phosphorus. These include:

Even milk is replaced with a soy analogue, which is in no way inferior to natural milk in its taste. Yogurt, cottage cheese, and cheese are also made from soybeans. These products are used to prepare delicious soups, porridges, and casseroles. And tofu cheese is great for making salads. We can recommend you great recipe using this cheese:

• You will need to take 350 g of champignons. Carefully remove the mushroom caps. Finely chop the remaining legs and mix with 200 g of tofu soy cheese. Add dill and salt to this mixture to taste. Stuff the mushroom caps with this paste, heat them in a frying pan, pour in 200 g of unsweetened soy yogurt. Place in the oven for 20-30 minutes. And now your wonderful mushroom appetizer is ready.

Diet for allergies to chicken eggs and meat

With this allergy, patients lack protein and B vitamins, as well as vitamin A and iron. Patients are prohibited from consuming these products, as well as mayonnaise, cakes, and pastries. In order to replenish the balance of microelements and vitamins in the body, it is necessary to include the following foods in your diet: rabbit, legumes, fish, nuts, seeds, vegetables, milk, cheese. Crayfish, crabs and mushrooms are rich in magnesium. And foods like avocado, seaweed and garlic are powerful sources of copper.

Soy meat, which is similar to chicken, is rich in protein. And chicken eggs can easily be replaced with quail eggs. For preparing baked goods and other dishes, soy flour is often used instead of eggs. As first courses, you can use fish broths, meatballs from minced pork tenderloin, and vegetable soups. Steamed vegetable and lean cutlets are perfect for porridge.

Allergy to grains

A prerequisite is the exclusion of all dishes prepared from wheat, barley, rye and millet. Semolina is also not allowed. Pasta, coffee substitutes, baked goods, ice cream, vodka, beer, kvass, canned food, dry soups, and sausages are contraindicated.

Eating dietary bread made from soy flour, potatoes and legumes is considered healthy and possible. To avoid experiencing a lack of vitamins and minerals in your body, consume the following foods:

With this type of allergy, it is very easy to prepare a delicious fish pate. Grind one can of canned fish with 100 g of soy cheese through a sieve. Then add one tablespoon of tomato paste, a teaspoon of lemon juice and salt. Finally, add 100 g of butter and your pate is ready.

Allergy to fish

In this case, everything that includes fish and other seafood is excluded from the diet. You should also not use dietary supplements containing marine proteins. Smoked meats, spicy foods and spices, and marinades are not recommended. Limit your consumption of coffee, carbonated drinks and strong tea.

To avoid iodine and polyunsaturated acid deficiency in your body, be sure to eat the following foods:

• Cauliflower;
• Rowan, leafy vegetables;
• Meat;
• Iodized salt;
• Nuts, pumpkin seeds, legumes.

Example of an allergy menu

allergiainfo.ru

As a rule, people suffering from food allergies are not treated; nutritionists and allergists advise sticking to proper diet food, and try to completely eliminate from it the irritant that causes allergic reactions.

Determining an allergen is quite simple; for this, doctors advise keeping a diary in which you write down every day what you ate and drank, and what the body’s reaction was to it. Once the main irritant of the immune system is found, you should immediately begin drawing up a special hypoallergenic diet and strictly adhere to it.

Menu for the week

A weekly menu for such a diet might look something like this:

We start, as always, on Monday.

• On this day, oatmeal with butter, a piece of rye toast and any fruit tea are recommended for breakfast. Sugar and other sweeteners, as well as third-party flavorings (there is enough fruit in the tea itself) are excluded;
• For lunch, it is advisable to limit yourself to vegetarian vegetable soup. If you can't do without full menu, then for the main course - a small lean piece of pork or beef, preferably steamed, and a side dish of rice, jelly or fresh apple compote (or carefully choose dried fruits);
• For dinner, pasta with a steamed cutlet, one green apple and topped off with low-fat kefir would be great.

Tuesday

• Breakfast: a sandwich with butter, any tea and 200 grams of natural yogurt;
• Lunch: vegetable soup, fish and cabbage, dried fruit compote;
• Dinner - mashed potatoes, meat goulash, any fruit.

Wednesday

• Breakfast: pearl barley porridge, any tea with sugar, any green fruit;
• For lunch you can have any soup, goulash and potatoes, tea or fruit drink.
• For dinner you can have vegetable stew, tea and any green fruit.

• Breakfast: dry biscuits with butter, tea, fruit salad topped with yogurt;
• Lunch – vegetable soup with meat broth, steamed cutlet, fresh vegetable salad, fruit drink or compote.
• Dinner: buckwheat porridge, vegetable stew with sour cream, any tea.

On Friday you can repeat Monday’s menu, on Saturday and Sunday you can eat at your discretion, excluding the allergen from the menu.

The only obligatory condition: a serving of soup must be present in your diet every day, this will significantly improve the functioning of your gastrointestinal tract. If you are allergic to meat, then broths and soups should be exclusively vegetable.

During breaks, you can snack on fresh fruit, you can also treat yourself to yogurt (no “Danons”) or a small amount of cottage cheese. If you are not allergic to citrus fruits, then tea or fruit juice can be consumed with a slice of lemon.

ok-health.ru

Principles of dieting for allergies

An allergic reaction to any type of irritant is explained by an incorrect response of the immune system to certain proteins entering the body.

As a result, a huge group of inflammatory mediators is produced, leading to the development of all the symptoms of the disease.

These are swelling of the skin and mucous membranes, respiratory manifestations, skin rashes and itching, conjunctivitis, digestive disorders, Quincke's edema and severe anaphylactic shock.

As a result of all these changes, many toxins accumulate in the body, and while they circulate in the blood, the person will be bothered by various symptoms of the disease.

Diet therapy for allergic diseases is especially necessary if all the symptoms of the disease are associated with a food allergen.

Eliminating the main irritant from the diet allows you to quickly cope with the changes that have arisen and prevents their reoccurrence.

But properly selected, gentle nutrition is also necessary for other types of allergic reactions.

Reducing the load on the body and digestive system allows you to quickly get rid of toxins and therefore the work of the organs involved in intolerance reactions is restored faster.

There are several main purposes of use therapeutic nutrition for allergies.

Diet therapy.

Observed in the first days after a food allergen enters the body, it allows you to quickly remove all unnecessary substances from the body, enhances the effect of medications and helps reduce the symptoms of the disease.

Hypoallergenic menu.

It is necessary when it is difficult to accurately identify a food allergen.

In this case, properly organized nutrition also serves as an additional diagnosis.

That is, when following a diet and when introducing new products, it is possible, based on developing symptoms, to determine to which product an intolerance reaction appears.

Gentle nutrition.

Necessary for medicinal, inhalation, contact types of allergies.

Introducing certain foods into the diet, drinking enough water, and avoiding highly allergenic foods help to quickly cope with the manifestations of the disease.

Product groups

Products that are likely to cause an allergic reaction are divided into three large groups.

The first group includes those products, the entry of which into the body most often leads to a nonspecific immune reaction.

The second group consists of products with an average allergenicity index.

And the third group is low-allergenic products that almost never cause intolerance reactions.

In the first days, when an allergic reaction develops sharply, all highly allergenic foods are completely excluded.

The diet should contain only those types of food that will definitely not increase the symptoms of the disease and will not themselves affect the intensification of allergy manifestations.

It is easier to properly organize your diet when the type of allergen is known exactly. To install it, you need to undergo special skin tests.

Based on them, a result is obtained from which it will be possible to determine a specific type of food allergen or a group of the most likely ones.

Types of basic diets for allergies

There are only two main types of diets that allergists recommend to their adult patients.

This is a nonspecific (hypoallergenic) and elimination diet for allergies in adults.

Nonspecific nutrition is prescribed to reduce the overall load on the body and such nutrition is used for any type of intolerance reactions.

An elimination diet is used when it is known that food allergies are developing.

Principles of following a nonspecific hypoallergenic diet

A hypoallergenic menu is selected for the entire period of exacerbation of an allergic reaction, regardless of what type of irritant caused the next exacerbation.

The selected recipes for dishes while observing non-specific nutrition should contain a minimum set of products with high content allergens.

The group of products with a high probability of causing food allergies includes:

• Plant products include citrus fruits, which include tangerines, pomegranates, strawberries, raspberries, tomatoes, and melon. This group can also include other fruits with orange and red colors.
• Honey and other bee products;
• Eggs and dishes made from them;
• Fish;
• Mushrooms;
• Coffee, chocolate;
• Store-bought sauces and seasonings.

All these products are completely excluded from the daily menu during the period of acute manifestation of all symptoms of the disease.

Read on the topic: Allergy to apples, symptoms, treatment.

It is also necessary to avoid semi-finished products, products containing food additives, preservatives and various flavorings.

Easy-to-prepare recipes with a minimum set of ingredients should always be on the table.

During an exacerbation, you need to minimize the consumption of salt, and therefore smoked fish, sausages, and pickled foods.

Salt increases the severity of allergic reactions. Alcoholic drinks have the same properties.

Principles of menu design.

The menu for allergies should be drawn up taking into account the predominant use of plant foods.

Sufficient intake of fluid into the body also helps to quickly free the digestive organs from accumulated toxins.

For daily use, choose those recipes that do not use a large amount of spices.

Mustard, horseradish, garlic, and pepper increase the release of inflammatory mediators and thus provoke the development of intolerance symptoms.

The hypoallergenic menu is usually followed for several days, then the diet begins to gradually expand.

You shouldn’t eat all the prohibited foods at once, every the new kind food is introduced gradually, this will reduce the load on the digestive organs and help the body adjust to normal functioning.

Read on the topic: Is it possible to be allergic to ginger?

Elimination type of nutrition

If the main allergen influencing the development of the disease is known, an elimination diet is chosen. Its observance consists of completely avoiding the allergenic product.

During the period of exacerbation, in addition to eliminating certain type food, all recipes must be selected taking into account the fact that they will also not contain products similar in structure to the main allergen.

When following the elimination type of nutrition, those types of food that may contain even a small amount of the allergen are completely excluded from the menu.

For example, if you are allergic to eggs, you need to exclude baked goods, mayonnaise, and soufflé.

The prohibition when following such a diet also applies to those foods that are highly likely to cause allergies, such as chocolate, fish, citrus fruits, and honey.

Those products that increase the allergenicity of all food by increasing the permeability of the mucous membranes of the digestive organs are also excluded. These are spices, strong broths, salt, sugar.

When following a diet, it is important to introduce into the diet those foods that contain plant enterosorbents, that is, fiber.

These are bran, fruits, vegetables, whole grain foods. If you have allergies, you need to choose those recipes where the dishes are cooked boiled, boiled or stewed.

Fried foods during the period acute manifestations diseases do not consume.

Better digestion and complete breakdown of all food allergens occurs with frequent, fractional meals in small portions.

If an elimination diet is chosen correctly for a sick person, then usually there is a noticeable improvement in well-being and subsidence. clinical manifestations allergies occur over three to four days.

Strict and long-term restriction in foods should not be constant, otherwise it will lead to disruption of the digestive system, and this also contributes to the development of signs of intolerance.

Adults suffering from allergies can practice fasting during the first two days of an exacerbation of the disease.

But in order not to aggravate your condition, you should consult your doctor about the principles of refusing food.

When starting to exit an elimination diet, you should keep a food diary.

Information about a new product and the body’s reaction to it is recorded every day.

Keeping such a diary even for one month will allow you to understand what types of food your intolerance reaction occurs to.

allergiik.ru

The influence of nutrition on the health of the body

The influence of nutrition on the human body is difficult to overestimate.

Food gives us:

• energy;
• material for the “construction” of cells;
• normal operation of all systems.

The body must receive food with sufficient amounts of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals. Only in this case will it work normally.

Thus, with a lack of vitamins and minerals, a person more often suffers from infectious diseases and gets tired quickly. He may develop depression, anemia, impaired vision, etc.

The main requirement for food is its usefulness. Too much fat, sugar and salt in the diet leads to diabetes, obesity, allergies and many other diseases.

A sufficient content of vegetables and fruits in food, on the contrary, reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases by 30%, and all forms of cancer by 20%.

What is diet therapy

Diet therapy is a treatment method using specially formulated nutrition.

This treatment method is effective in treating diseases of the digestive system, kidney and liver diseases, allergies, diabetes, obesity, oncology and infectious diseases.

In particular, for the treatment of allergic diseases of any nature, it is very important to adhere to a hypoallergenic diet: this can significantly reduce the symptoms of the disease or completely rid you of allergies.

Types of diets for allergies in adults

There are nonspecific or elimination diets.

The first involves the exclusion of a group of foods that are considered the most allergic, and the second involves the exclusion of foods that causing a reaction for a specific person.

Nonspecific

A nonspecific diet is suitable for all types of allergic reactions. With this type of diet, the most allergic foods are completely excluded from the diet (for example, milk and seafood).

Products with lower allergen concentrations are limited, and the main diet consists of foods with low allergen concentrations.

With this diet, the main part of the diet should be:

• gray bread;
• fermented milk products (preferably one-day ones);
• green vegetables (cucumbers, zucchini, cabbage, lettuce, etc.);
• porridge: barley, oatmeal, rice;
• creamy and vegetable oil;
• lean meat;
• tea, still mineral water;
• green apples and pears.

You can eat sugar, legumes, potatoes, corn, buckwheat and wheat in limited quantities.

Adults adhere to this diet for 2 to 3 weeks.

Elimination

An elimination diet involves removing a specific allergen from the diet. To do this, you need to know what an allergic reaction occurs to.

If you have a food allergy, you need to remove the allergen completely or greatly reduce its consumption. If the reaction is seasonal, then individual products are removed from the diet during the flowering period of the corresponding plants.

At severe allergies prescribed for milk dairy-free diet, excluding all types of dairy products, dough products and sweets made with milk (including powdered milk) and seasonings using it.

An egg-free diet excludes all foods that contain egg white or yolk, including sweets and baked goods, pasta and mayonnaise.

Types of products based on allergen content

Almost any product can cause an allergic reaction, but some are less and some are more allergenic.

And if you don’t know exactly which product is causing your reaction, it’s worth reducing your diet to the most allergenic foods.

In any case, you should exclude smoked and pickled foods, mayonnaise, seasonings (horseradish, pepper, mustard) and alcohol from your menu.

Highly concentrated

The following products have an increased degree of allergenicity:

• nuts;
• dairy products;
• Fish and seafood;
• poultry meat (excluding turkey);
• citrus fruits, pineapples, mangoes, strawberries, melon;
• spices, vinegar, mustard, horseradish;
• eggs and mushrooms;
• coffee and cocoa products;
• smoked products, mayonnaise;
• honey, confectionery;
• tomatoes, eggplants, radishes.

Moderately active

Among the products with average allergic activity are:

• meat: beef and chicken;
• vegetables: potatoes, turnips and beets;
• buckwheat, rice and oats;
• peas, soybeans and beans;
• berries: lingonberries, blueberries, black currants, rose hips, cherries, cranberries.

Low concentrated

The following foods have the minimum amount of allergens:

• turkey, rabbit, lean lamb or pork;
• dairy products;
• porridge: pearl barley, millet, corn;
• vegetables: cauliflower and white cabbage, zucchini, broccoli, parsley and dill;
• fruits: white, green or yellow pears, apples, plums, cherries, currants.

Carefully! Supplements!

Food additives are added to foods to give them certain properties or extend shelf life. However, such products often cause allergies.

The following are especially dangerous for allergy sufferers:

1. dyes: E 102, E 110, E 122, E 123, E 124, E 127, E 151;
2. flavor enhancers, flavorings B 550-553;
3. antioxidant E 321;
4. preservatives E 220-227, E 249-252, E 210-219.

What is the best way to eat during acute illness?

Highly allergenic foods should be excluded, especially if they are allergens for you personally. The main diet consists of low-allergenic foods that suit you.

Can be used:

• mild cheese;
• special canned food for baby food;
• second grade wheat bread;
• diet bread.

As a rule, light pumpkin, beans, gooseberries, and white currants are well tolerated.

Limited to:

• semolina;
• bread made from premium flour;
• pasta;
• the same applies to dairy products and vegetables (carrots, beets, turnips, garlic, onions).

Nutrition during the “hibernation” of the disease

You need to know which foods are allowed and which are not. Discuss this issue with your allergist. It makes sense to take skin tests or a blood test for specific IgE.

Try new foods little by little, and it is important that there is a person nearby who can help you.

It is better to give up semi-finished products, mayonnaise, ketchup, and store-bought preserves. And carefully study the composition of each product.

Buy fish and meat whole and cook it yourself.

Allergic crossovers

Cross-allergic reactions occur due to the similarity of some plant (or animal) allergens to proteins in foods. Most often, people with allergies to pollen suffer from them.

Types of cross reactions

If you are allergic to cow's milk, you may also be allergic to cow's milk. goat milk, beef or veal.

If you are allergic to chicken eggs, there is usually food intolerance to chicken, quail and duck meat, quail eggs, a reaction to feathers and down, medications containing egg protein (vaccines, interferon, etc.).

If you are intolerant to strawberries, you should be careful with raspberries, blackberries, lingonberries and currants.

Let's look at other cross reactions:

• fish: other types of fish, seafood, fish food;
• nuts: other types of nuts, rice buckwheat and oat flour, kiwi and mango, poppy and sesame, hazel and birch pollen;
• peanut: soybeans, stone fruits, green peas, latex and tomatoes.

What to eat for a mother of a baby

For a nursing mother, it is important not to eat a lot, but to consume quality products that do not cause allergies in the baby.

As a rule, if mom and dad did not have food intolerance, it is also rare in the child, but it is worth exercising caution.

• kefir, cheese and fermented baked milk;
• white fish (saury, haddock, hake, etc.);
• beef, turkey or rabbit meat;
• rice, corn and buckwheat;

For vegetables, choose those that are white or green. You can eat light pumpkin, cauliflower or broccoli, turnips, and olives.

For fruits, choose yellow and green apples, yellow cherries, bananas and apricots.

It is better not to overindulge in sweets, but from time to time you can treat yourself to marshmallows, marmalade or biscuits.

So as not to cause a reaction

There is a fairly large group of foods that can cause colic or skin rashes in babies, but some of them may be well tolerated by your baby. .

However, for the entire feeding period you should forget about:

• canned food;
• strong coffee;
• alcohol;
• hot sauces and seasonings;
• semi-finished products;
• Avoid products containing dyes or fragrances.

The most common causes of allergies in children are:

• cow's milk;
• chicken eggs;
• sausages, sausages, smoked and products;
• red fish, seafood, caviar;
• soy, mayonnaise;
• cocoa, chocolate, honey;
• red berries, fruits, vegetables;
• mushrooms, nuts;
• Exotic fruits.

Introduce any new foods one at a time and in small portions, then you can track what is well tolerated by the child and what is worse.

If the child is allergic

If your son or daughter has eczema ( allergic rashes on the skin), it is worth not only eliminating foods that can cause allergies, but also limiting the consumption of some others.

You should reduce your consumption of meat broths, wheat flour products, and bright orange fruits and vegetables.

Spicy, pickled and salty foods are contraindicated for you; seeds and spices should be excluded.

• butter, fermented milk products;
• tongue and kidneys;
• olive and sunflower oil;
• dietary bread made from rice, corn or buckwheat;
• greenery.

In general, you should stick to the standard menu of a nursing mother, excluding foods that cause a reaction in the baby.

What to eat when in food form

A diet for food allergies in adults involves avoiding:

• citrus fruits;
• alcoholic drinks;
• fish products;
• mayonnaise;
• ketchup;
• spicy, smoked and salty food.

Prohibited:

• honey and confectionery;
• Exotic fruits;
• chocolate and coffee;
• as well as products with dyes and flavors.

It also makes sense to temporarily exclude:

1. eggs;
2. mushrooms;
3. nuts;
4. as well as red and orange berries and fruits.

The question arises, what to eat if you have a food allergy?

• boiled beef or turkey;
• rice, buckwheat or oatmeal;
• cucumbers, cabbage, green peas, herbs;
• pre-soaked potatoes;
• kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt without additives;
• feta cheese;
• green apples and pears, dried fruit compote.

You can also use dried tea White bread or unleavened flatbreads, vegetarian soups made from products that do not cause allergies.

What if it’s a reaction to sweets?

Food allergies to sweets are most often associated with a reaction to eggs or dairy products included in the product.

Very often there are allergies to fructose, flavorings, baking powder, etc. Often there is an allergy to pieces of fruit, lemon zest or cocoa.

Sugar itself does not cause allergies, but it often creates fermentation in the stomach, thereby increasing allergic manifestations.

You need to test for different allergens to find out which foods actually cause a reaction and which do not. And adjust your diet.

You can also try to reduce the amount of sweets to an amount that will not cause you discomfort.

Features of nutrition in seasonal form

In order to prevent complications during the flowering period of plants, you need a diet that eliminates the possible occurrence of allergic reactions.

Diet for seasonal allergies in adults should exclude products that may cause a cross-reaction.

For example, if you are allergic to tree pollen, you should not consume:

• tree fruits, as well as raspberries and kiwis;
• vegetables: cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, parsley, dill, olives;
• all types of nuts;
• decoctions from buds or cones of trees, calendula flowers.

If your allergen is weed pollen (ragweed, chicory, wormwood), calendula or sunflower, then you should exclude the following products:

• sunflower and pumpkin seeds, as well as food including their components (vegetable oil, halva, etc.);
• vegetables, berries and fruits: greens, zucchini, garlic, eggplant, carrots, melon, watermelon, bananas and citrus fruits;
• mayonnaise and mustard;
• alcoholic drinks and herbal medicines;

Of course, treatment with any herbs is also not safe for you.

If you are allergic to cereal pollen (wheat, rye, corn, buckwheat, oats), the following is contraindicated:

• porridge made from oatmeal, rice and wheat flour;
• bakery products;
• kvass, beer and coffee;
• smoked products;
• strawberries, wild strawberries and citrus fruits;
• products containing cocoa.

Can you eat everything with the medicinal form?

At dosage form allergies there are no restrictions on the consumption of products. However, during exacerbations (after taking some drug that caused a reaction), restrictions on the diet should be introduced until the condition completely improves.

In the acute stage, you should take sorbents and eat nothing for the first 2 days, but drink a lot of water.

If you are allergic to aspirin, you should limit your intake:

• fruits: citrus fruits, peaches, plums, melons;
• berries;
• vegetables: potatoes, cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers.

If you have a reaction to antibiotics, the following products are prohibited:

• industrial production (sausages, carbonated drinks, etc.);
• Exotic fruits;
• fatty, spicy and fried foods;
• eggs;
• seafood;
• nuts;
• strawberry;
• grapes and mushrooms.

It is worth limiting the consumption of chicken meat, dairy products, and using beets, carrots, cherries, cranberries and bananas with caution.

Can proper nutrition replace treatment?

Proper nutrition is only part (albeit a very important one) of complex therapy.

In addition to the correct menu, you should limit contact with other allergens (give your cat to a friend if you are allergic to cat hair, do wet cleaning regularly, get rid of feather pillows if you are allergic to feathers or mites, etc.).

It is also important to take antihistamines as they will reduce the risk of complications.

How to create a menu for the week

Calculate the number of calories so that you receive approximately 2800 kcal per day.

The ideal option would be if the daily diet includes six meals in small portions.

The menu should be as balanced as possible.

For adults suffering from allergies, meals should be served either boiled or steamed. Soups are prepared with a change of broth (preferably twice). The amount of salt per day should not exceed 7 g.

It is clear that your diet should not contain foods that cause you a reaction, as well as obviously harmful foods (canned food, alcohol, mayonnaise, etc.).

Need to choose nasal drops for allergies? Follow the link.

A food allergy occurs when the body's immune system malfunctions and marks a food ingredient (usually a protein) as dangerous and creates a defense system (special compounds called antibodies) against it.

An allergic reaction occurs precisely when antibodies fight against the “invading” protein food.

A person may need a diet if they are allergic to any food component, but the most common intolerance the following products:

Shellfish;

Nuts (often cashews and walnuts);

Wheat;

Diagnostic diet for allergies

To diagnose a food allergy, doctors often recommend temporarily eliminating certain foods from your diet. This method when combined with blood tests or skin tests, may be useful in diagnosing IgE-mediated food allergies and related diseases (eg, bowel problems, asthma or rheumatoid arthritis).

The diagnostic diet is carried out under the supervision of an experienced specialist and lasts from two to four weeks. Typically, wheat products, dairy products, corn, soy, citrus fruits, eggs, fish, nuts, chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, and artificial food additives (monosodium glutamate, sulfites, and food colorings) are eliminated first.

As long as the patient avoids consuming potentially hazardous foods, doctor monitors symptoms. If one or more of these foods causes an allergy, symptoms should disappear by the end of this period.

In some cases, doctors regulate the types and quantities of foods, gradually introducing and alternating them in the patient’s diet (for example, once every four days). If symptoms return after eating one or more foods, then allergen found.

The diet does not always give 100% results for diagnosis, and in some cases requires additional examinations.

When an allergen is found, what kind of allergy diet awaits the patient?

At acute attacks The patient with allergies is not allowed to eat at all. Only drinking. When the allergen is identified, the doctor will begin to introduce the least allergenic foods into the diet little by little. Primarily lamb, apples, pears, most legumes (except peanuts), rice and other gluten-free grains. As a result, an elimination diet for allergies makes life much easier for the patient.

Diet for milk allergies

Milk allergy is often referred to as lactose intolerance, which is completely incorrect. Usually the latter does not pose a serious danger to humans, but only causes discomfort in the form of bloating, cramps, colic or diarrhea. Allergy is understood as a sharp reaction to milk protein casein. The manifestations of this allergy are quite serious - from severe rash and itching to anaphylactic shock.

If a person with lactose intolerance can take dairy products with reduced lactose content, then for an allergy sufferer any of the following products may prove fatal:

Milk (including skim, condensed and powdered milk);

Ryazhenka;

Cream cheese;

Sour cream;

Cheese, cheese powder or cheese sauce;

Butter, spread, margarine;

Whey and whey products.

Foods containing milk(dairy products):

Casseroles;

Chocolate and candies;

Coffee creamer;

Bakery;

Custard and buttercream;

Ice cream;

Puddings;

White sauces.

How milk is “hidden” on product labels:

Lactalbumin, lactalbumin phosphate;

Lactoglobulin;

Casein, caseinate, sodium caseinate, calcium caseinate, magnesium caseinate, potassium caseinate;

Lactose (milk sugar).

Casein is used in many foods as a food additives– you can find it, among other things, in chewing gum, both in meat and sausage. If the label says "does not contain milk", this does not mean the absence of casein in the product. Soy and almond cheeses may contain this allergen. Read labels carefully.

Unfortunately, the diet for milk allergies excludes any dairy products. Replace them taste qualities You can use dairy-free ice cream, cheese and yogurt that have appeared on the market, as well as chocolate (for dessert).

Dairy products provide the human body with a lot of calcium and vitamin D. With complete abstinence from milk you need to add more green vegetables (broccoli, spinach, etc.) and soy products to your diet.

Eggs

Most often, egg allergy occurs in young children, but adults also suffer from it. If you suspect that the reaction is specifically to eggs, then be sure to exclude eggs and any products containing them from your diet.

Main groups of products containing eggs or egg powder:

Breadcrumbs;

Cookie;

Some types of purees (especially instant ones);

Candies;

Pies and many flour baked goods;

Donuts;

Egg noodles;

Marshmallow, soufflé;

Egg sauces (Hollandaise, mayonnaise, tartar);

Meringues;

Ice cream;

Fish or meat products in batter;

What substances should not be in a product purchased in a store?(read the labels carefully), if you are allergic to eggs:

Albumen

Globulin

Ovalbumin;

Ovomucin;

Apovitellenin;

Ovovitellin;

Livetin;

Fosvitin;

Fat substitutes.

Eggs are the basis of the diet modern man. They are present in the vast majority of processed foods, making it especially difficult for people with egg allergies. The diet for an egg allergy is prepared especially carefully; baked goods, many sauces, sweets, and instant foods are excluded from the menu, and careful attention is paid to the choice of prepared foods in the store.

Peanut

Peanuts are recognized as one of the most common food allergens in the world. An allergy to it is very dangerous and potentially fatal.

In what form are peanuts sold?

Cold pressed peanut oil;

Peanut butter (paste);

Peanut flour.

What products may contain peanuts:

Nut mixtures;

Ground nuts;

National dishes of Chinese, Thai, African and other cuisines;

Cakes, cookies and other baked goods;

Marzipan;

Many candies;

Egg rolls.

IN finished products peanuts may be "hiding" under the name "hydrolyzed vegetable protein".

Due to potential danger allergic reactions, you need to completely exclude products even with a minimal likelihood of containing peanuts.

Nuts

There is a risk of cross-contamination when nuts are processed in foods, so many allergists recommend that people with allergies to only one type of nut avoid eating all products of that type.

Nuts that may be dangerous for people with this type of allergy:

Almond;

Walnuts;

Cashew nuts;

Pine nuts;

Pistachios;

Pecans;

Brazilian nut;

Macadamia nuts.

Main nut products:

Marzipan or almond dough;

Artificial nuts;

Nut aroma oils(for example, almond oil);

Nut butters;

Extracts (eg almond extract).

Patients with nut allergies are prohibited from consuming all these and many other products.

Unfortunately, only by excluding nuts from your diet can you be absolutely sure of their safety. Be careful: sometimes nut oils are used in shampoos and other cosmetics(study their composition).

Fish

Protein in meat various types fish can be very similar in their chemical composition. Therefore, you may have to avoid all types of fish and products containing fish protein (unless your allergist can identify the specific type).

Products in which fish is “hidden”:

Caesar salad";

Worcestershire sauce;

Artificial seafood.

People with an allergy to fish protein should not only carefully study the composition of products from the store, but also refrain from ordering seafood in public catering. A dish, for example, of shrimp, can contain fish protein from working tools in the kitchen (spatula, colander or grill), which are used to prepare all seafood. Some restaurants use the same oil to fry shrimp, chicken and French fries.

Soy products

Soybeans are increasingly used in prepared foods. Many baked goods, crackers, cereals, substitutes breast milk, sauces, soups, as well as sausages or other meat products contain highly allergenic soy. In addition to soybeans, there are many types of the legume family, to which an allergic reaction is quite rare - beans, peas, chickpeas, lentils, black beans, navy beans, and others. People with a soybean allergy need to be careful with other types of legumes, but the reaction usually does not affect them.

Hydrolyzed soy protein;

Hydrolyzed vegetable protein;

Isolated Soy Protein (ISP);

Textured Vegetable Protein (TVP);

Soy protein;

Soy flour;

Soybean cereals;

Soy nuts;

Soy milk;

Soy sprouts;

Isolated vegetable protein.

Wheat

Patients allergic to wheat and all its derivatives probably have the most difficult time.

A diet for wheat allergies involves the complete exclusion of the following foods:

Wheat flour of all varieties;

Wheat groats;

Semolina;

Wheat and modified starch;

Wheat malt.

During an in-person consultation, the doctor will tell you more about wheat derivatives that can cause an allergic reaction. As for the names in finished products, people with wheat allergies need to be careful:

Gluten;

Gelatinized starch;

Hydrolyzed vegetable protein;

Wheat bran;

Wheat germ;

Wheat gluten;

Dextrin;

Flavoring "Caramel";

Extracts, including vanillin.

Many foods contain wheat flour, including sauces and even ice cream. If the finished product contains the ingredient “gluten”, such a product is prohibited for those with wheat allergies.

Sample hypoallergenic menu

After the first attack of allergy has stopped and a food allergen is suspected, the patient is prohibited from eating, and in severe cases, even drinking. Fasting extends to the first day. From the second day, depending on the suspected product, you can eat hypoallergenic foods in minimal quantities.

Below is an approximate allergy diet menu that can be used by an allergy sufferer.

Breakfast: buckwheat porridge with sugar and one pear, tea.

Dinner: salted rice noodles with olive oil, steamed veal cutlets with herbs, dried fruit compote.

Dinner: stew of veal, potatoes, cabbage and onions, tea.

An apple, rice and corn flakes, buckwheat or rice cakes, currants, light varieties of cherries, and banana are suitable as a snack.

Gradually add other foods to the diet and monitor the reaction. As a result, the patient is selected an elimination diet, which he will adhere to either during exacerbations, abstaining only from a number of seasonal foods, or for life.

Before you make any significant changes to your diet, you need to consult a doctor. You may have to replace the missing product with a biological supplement or vitamin complex.

For some of these diseases, food products will be the trigger. For others, plant pollen, animal hair, dust, etc. are more significant. It is clear that dietary recommendations for such different pathologies will differ significantly. However, there are a number of recommendations that will be useful to everyone.
1) Agree with yours on the exact list of “allowed” and “prohibited” foods. To determine the presence of specific allergens, you may be prescribed skin prick tests or a test for specific IgE in the blood serum.

2) Try new foods with great caution. It is better if you do this at home and under the supervision of relatives who can help if it occurs.

3) Prepare your own food from ingredients raw foods. Buy meat and fish only in pieces.

4) Try not to use processed foods, canned foods, mayonnaise and other sauces. You can never be completely sure of the composition of the finished product you purchase.

5) Carefully study the composition of any prepared food you are going to eat.

These recommendations apply to both children and adults. If your child suffers from allergies, you need to monitor his diet very carefully. Everything is relatively simple as long as the baby is small and does not attend school or kindergarten. As soon as a child grows up and gains independence, it becomes more difficult to control him. It is necessary to explain to the child which foods he can eat and which he cannot. At the same time, you should choose a form of dialogue so that the child understands that your instructions are not “mommy’s whim,” but a necessity. If there are a lot of “forbidden” products, it makes sense to write them down on a card and give them to the child with you. The barmaid and teachers at school should also be aware of your child's problem. If you are not sure about the quality of school breakfasts, you should prepare your child’s food at home and give it to him in a plastic container.

Nutrition during exacerbations of allergic diseases

As already mentioned, physiological feature people suffering from any allergic disease is their initial tendency to various manifestations of allergies. The situation becomes even more acute during the period of exacerbation of the underlying disease, when the body is in a state of hyperreactivity; at this time, even a minor irritant can intensify the manifestations of the underlying disease or manifest a new allergic reaction.

Here is an approximate list of “allowed” and “prohibited” products.

Excluded:

Broths, spicy, salty, fried foods, smoked meats, spices, sausages and gastronomic products (boiled and smoked sausages, frankfurters, sausages, ham), liver;
- fish, caviar, seafood;
- eggs;
- sharp and processed cheeses, ice cream, mayonnaise, ketchup;
- radish, radishes, sorrel, spinach, tomatoes, bell peppers, sauerkraut, pickles;
- mushrooms, nuts;
- citrus fruits, strawberries, strawberries, raspberries, apricots, peaches, pomegranates, grapes, sea buckthorn, kiwi, pineapple, melon, watermelon;
- refractory fats and margarine;
- carbonated fruit drinks, kvass;
- coffee, cocoa, chocolate;
- honey, caramel, marshmallows, marshmallows, cakes, muffins (with flavorings, etc.);
- chewing gum.

Limited to:

Semolina, pasta, bread made from premium flour
- whole milk and sour cream (given only in dishes), cottage cheese, yoghurts with fruit additives;
- lamb, chicken;
- carrots, turnips, beets, onions, garlic;
- cherries, black currants, bananas, cranberries, blackberries, rose hip decoction;
- butter.

Cereals (except semolina);
- fermented milk products (kefir, biokefir, yoghurts without fruit additives, etc.);
- mild varieties of cheese;
- lean meat (beef, pork, rabbit, turkey), specialized canned meat for baby food;
- all types of cabbage, zucchini, squash, light pumpkin, parsley, dill, young green peas, green beans;
- green and white apples, pears, light varieties of cherries and plums, white and red currants, gooseberries;
- melted butter, refined deodorized vegetable oil (corn, sunflower, olive, etc.);
- fructose;
- second grade wheat bread, grain crispbread, unsweetened corn toffee sticks and flakes.
This diet is prescribed for exacerbations of allergic diseases for 7-10 days, then, in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations, you can slowly switch to an individual hypoallergenic diet (a diet that excludes specific foods that are allergens for a particular patient).

In conclusion, I would like to ask all allergy sufferers not to treat diet as torture.
Remember that by following dietary recommendations, you give yourself the opportunity to live a healthy and fulfilling life despite the presence of an allergic disease.

Tatyana Moiseeva

Reading time: 9 minutes

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It is important to monitor your diet if you have allergies. Special nutrition helps the patient reduce the load on the body’s digestive system and improve health. Special diets also help to identify, and then completely eliminate, the causes of allergies.

What diet is best to follow for allergies - the difference between basic diets and elimination diets

Let's look at what basic diets are.

As a rule, the doctor prescribes them in two cases : with exacerbation of allergies and with low manifestation of allergic symptoms.

Such basic diets are, in fact, one thing - hypoallergenic. It reduces nutritional burden and supports the patient's overall health.

• Basic diet: period of exacerbation

Before you go on such a diet, consult an allergist . First, he will conduct special medical tests that will identify allergens. Secondly, under his control you will be able to create your diet.

The basic diet during an exacerbation is carried out in several stages:

This is roughly the diet you should be on 5-7 days and eat small meals about 6 times a day.

• Basic diet: period of reduction of allergy symptoms

By the way, this is the next stage of the hypoallergenic diet. As a rule, it continues within the first two weeks after the disappearance of allergic symptoms.

1. These days you should stick to four meals a day.
2. You can add meat dishes to your diet, especially suitable chicken breast and veal.
3. Also during this period you can eat pasta, eggs, milk, kefir, sour cream, fermented baked milk.
4. Some vegetables will also be used - cucumbers, zucchini, and herbs.
5. It is better to avoid fruits, mushrooms and berries, as they can cause new signs of allergies.
6. You should also not eat honey, sugar, or products based on these substances. For example, compotes, jam, juices, marshmallows, marmalade, marshmallows, cocoa, candies, chocolate.
7. Also avoid alcohol, smoked, pickled foods, and dough products.

In general, all substances and dishes should be added to your diet under the supervision of a doctor so as not to cause new symptoms of the disease.

There is a second type of hypoallergenic diets - elimination diets.

They are prescribed by a doctor not for the purpose of treatment, but for the sake of prevention , as well as to eliminate the allergic “irritant”.

• For rare allergies, doctors recommend dieting at the time of the most active manifestation of the allergen.
• And with constant allergies should be done all the time.

Experts identify several elimination diets. They can be used for allergies caused by various substances:

• Allergies caused by tree pollen

It can occur if the following trees grow near your house: oak, birch, maple, poplar, alder, elm, and hazel.

With this diet you are prohibited from eating: sweets, in particular honey and chocolate; red fruits, especially strawberries, cherries, apples and apricots; vegetables - carrots, tomatoes and new potatoes, as well as medicinal herbal preparations and alcohol.

Add to your diet: bread products, vegetable and meat broths, pasta and various cereals. Eggs and fermented milk products, such as low-fat cottage cheese, fermented baked milk, kefir, will also be useful. You can also safely prepare dishes from legumes - peas, lentils or beans. And among vegetables, eat only cucumbers.

• Allergy due to cow's milk

Of course, following this diet, limit yourself to dairy products and even those that contain milk protein. For example, cheese, cottage cheese, yogurt, fermented baked milk, kefir, whey, ice cream, cream, butter or margarine.

You can use any fruits and vegetables, pasta and bakery products, fish, meat, offal, cereals, nuts and berries.

• Allergies can occur due to fish

Often, an allergy sufferer does not realize that fish can be a food irritant, that is, an allergen.

A diet for fish allergy may include products with high content protein: any meat, canned sausages. You can also safely consume all vegetables and fruits, sweets, cereals, dairy products, and bread products.

It is worth noting that exception for you Only any fish will become, as well as crab sticks, bone meal, fish oil or caviar.

• Allergy caused by chicken eggs

With such a diet it is necessary to exclude from the diet not only the chicken eggs themselves, but also dishes and products made from them. For example, pastries, sweets, milkshakes, mayonnaise. By the way, you should not eat quail eggs, which have low allergenicity. It is worth preparing your own food, excluding instant or ready-made foods.

You can eat: meat, fish, all vegetables, fruits, cereals, mushrooms, nuts, butter and sweets that do not contain egg whites.

• Allergy to pollen of cereals/meadow grasses

Following a diet for such allergies, You should limit your diet in the following foods: wheat, flour, bread products, pasta, semolina, crackers, bran, canned meat, sausages and sausages. You should also avoid eating sweets and drinks based on wheat, as well as beer and whiskey.

What to eat: vegetable and meat dishes, eggs, dairy products.

• The allergy appeared due to weed pollen

Such plants include quinoa, ragweed, and wormwood.

With such a diet you should limit yourself in salted, smoked, spicy, pickled foods, as well as in dough products, sunflower oil, seeds, halva and honey. You should exclude from the diet herbs and infusions, some fruits - watermelon, peach, melon. Alcohol consumption and herbal medicines would also be out of place.

But you can eat any soups, meat, fish and egg dishes, dairy products, casseroles, cereals and vegetables - cucumbers, radishes, cabbage, beets and potatoes.