Medicinal plants that have a sedative effect. Healing herbs for the nervous system and good sleep

Sedative action (sedative soothing) - a sedative effect, removal or reduction emotional stress without hypnotic effect, decreased excitability of the central nervous system.
Medicinal plants with a sedative effect facilitate the onset of natural sleep, lengthen medicinal sleep, reduce spontaneous motor activity, enhance inhibitory processes and increase the threshold of excitability of the cerebral cortex.
Indications for use: increased nervous excitability, anxiety, sleep disturbances, neurotic reactions,.

Most often, herbal remedies are used as sedatives: valerian officinalis, motherwort, (stone valerian), mint, incarnate passionflower, a tropical plant of the kava-kava pepper family, etc.
previously it was also considered a sedative, and the sedative effect was attributed to bitter substances contained in hop cones and glands - humulone and lupulon. However, later it was found that these substances have a calming effect only on cold-blooded animals (frogs), and do not act on mammals and humans. However, hop preparations (extract, tincture) are sometimes added to some combination sedatives.
sedative action possesses a number of plants containing cardiac glycosides, especially spring adonis. Experimental studies indicate that aglycones of cardiac glycosides - strophanthidine, erizimidin - have a sedative effect. Weak sedative properties also have menthol, which is an integral part of the oil.

In clinical practice, not only preparations of certain medicinal plants, but also combined herbal remedies - collections of medicinal plants that have a sedative effect (valerian and motherwort, sedative fees etc.), for the preparation of infusions, decoctions; preparations containing combinations of extracts of various medicinal plants: solutions (novo-passit, doppelgerz lemon balm, etc.), dry matter for making tea (nervoflux), dragees (persen, etc.). Preparations are also produced (for example, PAKS), which, in addition to extracts medicinal herbs includes vitamins and minerals.

Herbal sedatives

Rhizomes and roots. Shredded raw materials are produced in various packaging; briquettes from crushed raw materials; valerian tincture (at 70% alcohol, 1:5) in 30 ml vials; thick valerian extract in the form of coated tablets, 0.02 g each. Infusions (6; 10 or 20 g per 180 - 200 ml of water) or decoctions (2 tsp per 1 glass of water) are prepared from crushed raw materials, their appoint inside adults 1-2 table. l. 3-4 times a day. For children, infusion and decoction are prepared at the rate of 4-6 g of raw materials per 200 ml of water and given 1 teaspoon, dessert or tablespoon (depending on age). Tincture is prescribed for adults, 20-30 drops per reception, for children - as many drops as the child is old; the multiplicity of reception - 3-4 times a day. The extract is prescribed for adults, 1-2 tablets per dose.
Valerian and its components are part of numerous herbal preparations and combined preparations containing synthetic S. s. (bromides, barbiturates) and drugs of other groups.
kava kava, rhizomes. Preparations "Antares 120" (tablets) and "Laytan" (capsules) contain a dry extract of rhizomes, respectively, 400 and 50 mg, incl. kava-lactone 120 and 35 mg. used as a sedative and sleeping pills, as well as how additional remedy in acute and chronic enterocolitis, infections urinary tract. The dose is selected individually. Possible side effects: lethargy, symptoms of irritation of parenchymal organs, allergic and paradoxical (excitation) reactions. Contraindications: acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, nephrosonephritis, kidney failure.
, grass. Filter bags contain 1.5 g of medicinal raw materials. The infusion is prepared at the rate of 1-2 filter bags per 200 ml of water, taken after meals, 30-50 ml 2-4 times a day, and in order to normalize digestion - 15-20 minutes before meals.
, grass. Passiflora extract liquid is produced in bottles of 25 ml. Assign adults 20-40 drops 3 times a day for 20-30 days. Contraindications: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, severe atherosclerosis.
Peony evasive, grass and roots. Peony tincture is produced (10%, 40% alcohol) in 200 ml bottles. Assign adults inside (before meals) 30-40 drops 3 times a day for 30 days. After a 10-day break, the treatment can be repeated.
motherwort heart(grass). Cut raw materials are produced, including pressed in round briquettes; motherwort tincture (at 70% alcohol, 1:5) in dropper bottles of 25 ml; liquid motherwort extract in vials of 25 ml. Raw materials are used to prepare infusions (15 g of herbs per 1 glass of water). The infusion is taken orally, before meals. Adults are prescribed 1 table. l. 3-4 times a day. For children, the infusion is prepared and dosed in the same way as the infusion of valerian. Tincture adults are prescribed 30-50 drops 3-4 times a day, children are given as many drops as the age of the child. The extract is prescribed 15-20 drops (adults) 3-4 times a day.

Phytopreparations of combined composition

Novo-passit- solution for oral administration in vials of 100 ml; 5 ml contains 150 mg of extracts of prickly hawthorn, common hop, St. John's wort, lemon balm, incarnate passionflower, black elderberry, medicinal valerian. It is used as a sedative and anxiolytic agent. Assign inside 5 ml (up to 10 ml) 3 times a day. Side effects: drowsiness, mild muscle weakness, nausea. You should not take the drug in case of inadmissibility of drowsiness, a relative contraindication is myasthenia gravis.
Persen (persen)- a herbal sedative. It has a sedative and antispasmodic effect. The extract of rhizomes with valerian roots causes a moderately pronounced sedative effect. Melissa extract and peppermint extract have a sedative and antispasmodic effect. Ingredients: dry extract of valerian-50 mg, dry extract of peppermint - 25 mg, dry extract of lemon balm - 25 mg.
Calming fees No. 2 and No. 3- vegetable raw materials for the preparation of infusions.
Gathering #2: valerian rhizomes with roots (15%), motherwort herb (40%), hop cones (20%), mint leaves (15%), licorice root (10%).
Gathering #3: valerian rhizomes with roots (17%), sweet clover herb (8%), thyme herb (25%), oregano herb (25%), motherwort herb (25%).
Infusions are prepared at the rate of 8-10 g of collection per 200 ml of water, administered orally in 1/4-1/3 cup (adults) 1-2 times a day after meals.

(part 2)

PATRINIA MEDIUM (STONE VALERIAN) -
PATRINIA INTERMEDIA HORN. R.O.E.M. ET SCHULT.
FAMILY VALERIAN - VALERIAN "ACEAE

Description. perennial herbaceous plant 30-50 cm high. The rhizome is large, many-headed. The root is almost unbranched, gray at the break. The stems are thick, covered with simple, very short hairs, with two to five pairs of leaves. Leaves opposite, up to middle line pinnately dissected, smooth, gray-green; basal - petiolate, stem - sessile. The flowers are bright yellow with a bell-shaped corolla, located on corymbose-paniculate inflorescences. Calyx fused with ovary. The fruit is an achene, slightly pubescent. Blooms in June - July; fruits ripen in July - August.

Grows in mountains and foothills Central Asia(Tien Shan, Semirechye), as well as in Altai, on rocky slopes, pebbles and sands.

Organs Used: rhizomes, roots and seeds.

Chemical composition. The roots contain saponins, from which patrinin (C53H88O15) (?) has been isolated. Hydrolysis of the sum of saponins yielded oleanolic acid (C30H48O3), fructose, xylose, and rhamnose. A large number of alkaloids were found in the roots and seeds. Patrinosides A, C, D, interoside B and its aglycone have been isolated and studied.

Pharmacological properties not studied enough. Available data indicate that preparations of patrinia medium in action resemble valerian officinalis. NV Vershinin (1952) writes that patrinia roots have the ability to reduce the excitability of the nervous system. This remedy has a more pronounced (about 150%) sedative effect compared to ordinary valerian, but it is more toxic. Clinical trials have shown that the use of a 20% alcohol tincture (15 drops 1-3 times a day) stops or significantly reduces the nervous and cardiovascular excitation caused by the subcutaneous administration of caffeine, as well as unpleasant subjective sensations in the heart area. VM Ivanova (1965) found that the biological activity of patrinia average is associated with saponins, the removal of which from the tincture leads to a complete loss of its pharmacological properties.

Application. Preparations of rhizomes with roots of patrinia average are used along with valerian for increased nervous excitability and heart neuroses. Of the preparations of patrinia, infusion and tincture are used.

Rp.: Inf.rad. Patrinae ex 10.0: 200.0
D.S. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day
Rp.: T-rae Patriniae 20 ml
D.S. 20 drops 3 times a day

LITERATURE
Ivanova V.M. The study of the roots and rhizomes of patrinia average as a source of new drugs.- Abstract of the thesis. cand. dis., M., 1965.

PEONY EVIDENT (MAR'IN ROOT)-PAEONIA ANOMALA L.
FAMILY PIONOCOLOR - PAEONACEAE

Description. Perennial large herbaceous plant 60-100 cm high, with a short multi-headed rhizome; root brown-brown, thick, fleshy. Leaves only stalked, twice or trichately dissected into lanceolate lobules. The flowers are large, the calyx consists of 5 unequal green leaves remaining with the fruits. The fruit consists of 3-5 leaflets. Blossoms in May - June, bears fruit in July - August.

Geographic distribution. North-eastern regions of the European part of the USSR and Siberia to the western regions of Yakutia. Occurs in the mountain-forest regions of Kazakhstan.

Organs Used: roots.

Chemical composition. The roots contain an essential oil (up to 1.6%), which includes peon o l (C9H | 0Oz), methyl salicylate, benzoic and salicylic acids. The roots contain starch (up to 79%), glycoside salicin (C|3H|8O7), sugars, tannin and a small amount of alkaloids. Ascorbic acid is found in leaves and flowers. Up to 27% fatty oil was found in the seeds.

pharmacological properties. As A.D. Turova writes, a tincture from the roots of the evading peony (Maryin root), prepared with 40% alcohol in a ratio of 1:10, has low toxicity (E.A. Trutneva). In an experiment on mice, it causes a sedative effect, has an anticonvulsant effect in convulsions caused by camphor and nicotine, and increases the duration of thiopental and hexenal anesthesia. The herb tincture is less active than the root tincture. Apparently, these pharmacological properties are mainly inherent not only to the evading peony, but also to other plants of this genus: spring peony and obverse oval peony (G.E. Kurentsova, 1941), semi-shrub peony (V.V. Reverdatto), decorative peony ( D. Jordanov et al., 1972).

Application. Tincture from the roots of the evasive peony is used as a sedative in neurasthenic conditions with symptoms of increased excitability, insomnia, phobic and hypochondriacal conditions, as well as in vegetative-vascular disorders of various etiologies (A.D. Turova). Peony evasive and peony officinalis are recommended as hemostatic agents.

Peony root tincture is used orally 30-40 drops 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 30 days. A decoction of the roots of an evasive peony, see below.

Roots and tree bark of peony (60 g) pour 600 g boiled water, boil until the water evaporates to a volume of 200 g, cool and filter. Assign 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

LITERATURE
Turgeneva E. A. (Trutneva E. A.). To the pharmacology and clinic of the evading peony (Maryin root) .- In the book: Materials of the II meeting on the study of medicinal plants of Siberia and the Far East, Tomsk, 1961.

wormwood (Chernobylnik)- ARTEMISIA VULQAR1S L.
FAMILY ASTER (COMBOSITES))-ASTERACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant 100-150 cm high. Rhizome multi-headed, with short shoots and branched brownish roots. Stems are erect, ribbed, reddish, straight-pubescent. The leaves are alternate, usually sessile, gradually decreasing towards the top of the stem, dark green above, bare, white-felt below. The lower and middle leaves are elliptical or ovate. The flowers are collected in obovate or elliptical baskets, sitting on short lateral branches, together form a paniculate inflorescence. The fruit is a broadly fusiform olive-brown achene. Flowering in June-August, fruiting in August-October.

Almost throughout the USSR as a weedy or semi-weedy plant.

Organs Used: tops of flowering plants (grass) and roots.

Chemical composition. The grass contains an essential oil, which includes: cineol, alpha-thujone and borneol. The leaves also contain carotene and vitamin C, in the roots - an essential oil, from which dihydromatricary ether (C11H8O2) and ketone (C14H14O) were isolated.

pharmacological properties. Wormwood, or Chernobyl, like its species - Indian Chernobyl, has a pronounced sedative effect on the central nervous system: it causes anticonvulsant, mild hypnotic, analgesic and antispasmodic effects. Wormwood, or Chernobyl, like Indian Chernobyl, was used in traditional medicine with neurasthenia and other nervous diseases, epilepsy and other convulsions and hysteria (A.P. Nelyubin), chorea (X. Hager, vol. I), inflammation meninges(V.P. Makhlayuk). In Bulgarian folk medicine, wormwood was used for insomnia, nervous attacks and toothache in children. younger age(D. Yordanov and others). Wormwood has an antipyretic, antiseptic and antitoxic effect (G.N. Kovaleva). This plant is also characterized by a hemostatic effect, confirmed by the research of M.N. Varlakov.

Application. Wormwood is widely used as a sedative, anticonvulsant, analgesic and hypnotic. Preparations of this type of wormwood are effective for neurasthenia and neuralgic pains, disorders menstrual cycle, as an anesthetic and accelerating childbirth, as a sedative for epilepsy, convulsions and states of increased excitation of the nervous system, as well as for toxicosis of pregnant women. An infusion of mugwort grass is recommended externally for inflammation of the mucous membranes, for the treatment of ulcers and wounds that do not heal for a long time. In the form of applying fresh herbs to wounds, as well as applying napkins soaked in fresh plant juice.

1. A tablespoon of powder from the tops of the branches is poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water, insisted for several hours, filtered. Take "/ 2 cups 3 times a day.

2. Wormwood roots (30 g) pour 0.5 liters of white wine, boil for 1 minute (you can add honey), insist until completely cooled, filter. Take 3 tablespoons on an empty stomach.

Motherwort heart (five-lobed motherwort)-LEONURUS QUINQUELOBATUS GILIB.
FAMILY LAMINATE (LABIOFLUE) - LAM1ACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant with a woody rhizome. The stem is tetrahedral, 50-200 cm high, branching, short and curly haired along the ribs. Leaves glabrous, stem on petioles, ovate; the upper ones are three-parted, the lower ones are five-parted up to half their length, with wide oblong dentate lobes. In the inflorescence, the leaves are elliptical with two lateral teeth.

Blossoms in June - July, fruits ripen in July - August.

Geographic distribution. Almost the entire European part of the USSR, except for the North, the Caucasus, Western Siberia. It grows near housing, in wastelands, weedy places, vegetable gardens.

Organs Used: upper particles of a flowering plant (grass).

Chemical composition. At the beginning of flowering, alkaloids are found, including stachydrine (C7H13O2N), saponins, tannins, bitter and sugary substances, essential oil, flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, quinqueloside), p-coumaric, traces of vitamins A and C.

Pharmacological properties. N.V. Vershinin writes that motherwort herb “contains principles that depress the central nervous system, the action of which is similar to valerian, but 2 times more intense” (N.V. Vershinin, D.D. Yablokov). In addition to a calming effect on the central nervous system, motherwort has a regulatory effect on the cardiovascular system, slowing down heartbeat, if it is speeded up, and reducing blood pressure if it is raised. It is readily prescribed by doctors instead of valerian in the form of an alcohol tincture (1:5), 15 drops 3 times a day. An infusion of motherwort five-lobed and motherwort heart is used as a sedative for increased nervous excitability, cardiovascular neuroses, early stages hypertension, while its effect is stronger than valerian (N.V. Kozlovskaya and others). In folk medicine of Belarus, in addition, a decoction of motherwort herb is used for diseases of the bladder, for coughing, palpitations and convulsions (V.G. Nikolaeva).

In Bulgaria, motherwort is used as a hemostatic agent (D. Yordanov and others). V.N. Mirnoye established in an experiment that motherwort preparations accelerate the process of blood clotting.

Indications for the appointment of motherwort five-lobed, hearty and Siberian are almost the same (A.F. Gammerman and others). These medicinal plants are used not only in the USSR, but also in other countries. So, in Romania it is used not only as cardiac remedy, but also with Graves' disease and epilepsy; in England - with hysteria and neuralgia; in the USSR - with increased excitability of the nervous system, cardiovascular neurosis, convulsions, etc.

It is now established that all species of motherwort are only different forms "which are not recognized as a distinct taxon", so they have the same pharmacological properties.

Application. An extract and tincture of motherwort herb in 70% alcohol is recommended as a sedative, significantly superior to valerian preparations, for cardiovascular neurosis, hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiosclerosis, myocarditis, myocardial dystrophy, heart defects, and also for brain contusions (N. V. Vershinin , D. D. Yablokov)

Method of preparation and use

1. Freshly squeezed juice of motherwort herb is prescribed orally 25-40 drops 3 times a day half an hour before meals.

2. Two tablespoons of herbs are poured into a glass of boiling water, infused at room temperature until completely cooled, filtered. Assign inside 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day.

3. A mixture of 2 parts of freshly squeezed juice with 3 parts of 40% alcohol is administered orally 30-40 drops 3 times a day.

4. Finely chopped motherwort herb (20 g) is poured with 100 ml of 40% alcohol, infused for 7 days. Assign inside 30-40 drops 3-4 times a day.

5. A mixture consisting of equal parts (40 g each) of motherwort herb, marsh cudweed herb, hawthorn flowers and white mistletoe leaves is poured with 1 liter of boiling water, infused in a warm place for 2 hours in a sealed container, filtered. Assign inside 1/4-1/3 cup 3 times a day.

6. Motherwort powder is prescribed orally for 1 g 3 times a day.

Rp.: Inf. herbae Leonuri 15.0: 200 ml
D.S. 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day
Rp.: T-rae Leonuri 25 ml
D.S. 30-40 drops 3-4 times a day
Rp.: Herbae Leonuri Folii Menthae
Radicis Valerianae aa 15.0 M.f. species
D.S. 1 teaspoon per glass, c- brew as a tea.
Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day

LITERATURE
Vershinin N.V., Yablokov D.D. To pharmacology and clinic of motherwort.- Pharmacol. i Toksikol., 1943, No. 3.
Vydrina S.N., Shreter A.I. Motherwort heart.- In the book: Atlas of habitats and resources of medicinal plants of the USSR. M., 1976, p. 290.

RUTA SMELLING (RUTA FRAGRANT)- RUTA GRAVEOLENS L.
RUTE FAMILY -RUTACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant or grayish-green subshrub 50-80 cm high. Stems and leaves are bluish-green. The stem is erect, woody at the base, growing annually at the top with herbaceous shoots. The leaves are alternate, twice or thrice pinnately dissected. The flowers are yellowish-green, collected in a corymbose panicle at the top of the stem. The fruit is a 4-5-cell box. The plant has a peculiar unpleasant smell. Blossoms in June - July, fruits ripen in August - September.

Geographic distribution. In the USSR - in the Crimea, medicinal plants are cultivated on state farms.

Organs Used: aerial part (grass).

Chemical composition. The plant contains alkaloids - arbitrary quinolines: fagarin, skimmianin, cocusagin; flavonoid glycoside rutin, furocoumarins and coumarins: psoralen, bergapten, xanthotoxin, etc., as well as graveollenic acid, acronicin, 0.12-0.7% essential oil, resinous substances (V.I. Popov et al., Ibn Sina noted the hemostatic, analgesic, antitoxic and sharpening effect of odorous rue.

Pharmacological properties. Ruta odorous has a sedative, antispasmodic, hemostatic, tonic effect.

Application. In folk medicine, rue grass is taken orally as a decoction for hysteria, epilepsy, loss of strength, stomach cramps, often with valerian, and menstrual irregularities. Fresh Juice rue is applied to wounds. Used for purulent conjunctivitis (N. G. Kovaleva, 1971).

D. Yordanov et al. recommend the use of rue for spasm of the accommodative muscle and inflammation of the eyelids, delayed menstruation, palpitations due to nerves, heart spasms, dizziness, hemorrhoids and skin rashes(however, the authors stipulate that the use of rue in these cases needs clinical confirmation).

Ruta is prescribed in the form of an infusion: an incomplete teaspoon of raw materials is poured into 2 glasses cold water and insist for 8 hours (daily dose).

Rue is contraindicated for pregnant women. In large doses, it is poisonous, so it should not be taken for a long time. In persons with hypersensitivity contact with rue leaves causes a rash, itching, and sometimes swelling of the skin.

Rue is used as a seasoning for food, and for medical purposes, its dried leaves and essential oil, extracted from fresh plants by distillation with water, are used (V.K. Varlikh).

Another species of the genus - whole leaf punctured - contains a large number of alkaloids, derivatives of isoquinoline. Some of them have been pharmacologically studied, they turned out to be of low toxicity, possessing sedative, analgesic, hypnotic and other properties. In folk medicine, the plant is used as a sedative for increased nervous excitability and nervous palpitations (V.P. Makhlayuk).

Cooking methods

1. One part of the juice from fresh crushed leaves of odorous rue is poured with 6 parts of alcohol, put in a dark room for 10 days and filtered. This tincture is prescribed 10 drops 3 times a day for patients suffering from lack of appetite and indigestion.

2. Tea from the infusion of rue and valerian root, taken in equal parts (1/4 cup, we dare, pour boiling water). In hysteria, the patient is prescribed to drink such an infusion in sips. Daily dose- 1 glass.

3. Pounded rue leaves mixed with almond oil are applied to bleeding bruises.

LITERATURE
Akhmethodzhasva X.S., Polievtsev N.P., Kamilov I.K. On the sedative and analgesic properties of the alkaloid perforin and its antagonism to analeptics. - In the book: Pharmacology of alkaloids. Tashkent: Nauka, 1965, p. 23-26.
Magrupova M.A., Kamilov I.K. On the pharmacology of the alkaloid haplophylidine. - In the book: Pharmacology of alkaloids. Tashkent: Nauka, 1965, p. 37-49.

BLUE BLUE (BLUE BLUE, BLUE AZUR) POLEMONIUM CAERULEUM L.
FAMILY BLUE-POLEMONIACEAE

Description. A perennial herbaceous plant with a tall (40-120 cm) erect, mostly single evenly leafy stem and a short vertical rhizome with dense and thin fibrous roots. The leaves are alternate, unpaired-pinnately dissected; basal leaves are large, with numerous leaflets. Leaves decrease in size upwards. The flowers are collected in a multicolor apical panicle, the corolla is dark blue broadly bell-shaped with 5 lobes. The fruit is a spherical, tricuspid, easily cracking capsule enclosed in a calyx. Flowering in June - July, fruiting in August - September.

Geographic distribution. European part of the USSR, Western Siberia, Caucasus, Central Asia, Far East. Cultivated in the Moscow region, Belarus, Western Siberia.

Organs Used: rhizome with roots.

Chemical composition. All organs of the plant contain triterpene saponins (the rhizomes and roots of plants of the first and second years of life are especially rich in them), resins, organic acids, fatty and essential oils.

Pharmacological properties. Cyanotic saponins entered scientific medicine relatively recently. As A.D. Turova writes, M.N. Varlakov first drew attention to the value of this plant (cyanosis) for medical practice in 1932, when he studied the flora of the Eastern Sayan. He established the content of saponins in cyanosis, studied their properties and for the first time proposed this plant as an expectorant to replace imported senega.

The sedative properties of cyanosis were first discovered and proposed to medical practice by V. V. Nikolaev and A. A. Tsofina. Moreover, they found that the sedative activity of cyanosis exceeds valerian by 8-10 times.

Cyanosis saponins were studied by A.D. Turova, who showed that their hemolytic index is 51,615. Under the influence of these saponins, animals (frogs, mice, cats, rabbits) became calm, their reflex excitability decreased and they fell asleep. Large doses increased the oppression and led the animals to death. Characteristically, the sedative effect was achieved not only in intact animals, but also in those excited by the administration of phenamine.

It was found that daily intravenous administration of cyanosis saponins (dose 5 mg/kg) for a long time led to a decrease in blood cholesterol levels, and at the same time had a hypotensive effect on blood pressure. After a course of treatment in experimental rabbits, histological studies confirmed the effectiveness of cyanosis saponins in the treatment of experimental atherosclerosis.

The hemostatic property of cyanosis blue revealed by M.N. Varlakov was confirmed in the laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology of the Kuban medical institute VN Mirnov, who showed on various laboratory animals the accelerating effect of cyanosis preparations on the process of blood coagulation.

V.I. Zavrazhnov et al. noted that the sedative properties of cyanosis preparations are used in scientific medicine in the treatment of certain mental illnesses. In folk medicine, a decoction of I roots, less commonly herbs, is used for lung diseases, hysteria, insomnia, epilepsy, fright, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Application. Blue cyanosis preparations are used mainly as an expectorant and sedative. They are effective in gastric and duodenal ulcers, especially in combination with marsh cudweed, as well as insomnia, epilepsy (S.E. Zemlinsky) and mental agitation, reducing reflex excitability in patients (S.R. Semenov, V.V. Telyatiev).

Cyanosis preparations are of low toxicity, but in order to avoid irritation of the gastric mucosa, it is better to prescribe them after meals.

Methods of application for peptic ulcer(combined treatment with a decoction of cyanosis blue roots and infusion of marsh cudweed)

1. The roots of cyanosis (6-8 g) are poured with 1 glass of water, boiled in a water bath for 30 minutes, cooled for 10-15 minutes, filtered. Assign 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day 2 hours after meals.

2. Dry herb cudweed (2-4 tablespoons) is poured with 2 cups of boiling water, insisted in a sealed container in a warm place for 2 hours, filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

Rp.: Inf. rad. Polemoniicoerulei ex 6.0: 200ml
D.S. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day after meals
Rep.: Extr. Polemonii fluidi 25 ml
D.S. 15 drops 3 times a day after meals
Rep.: Extr. Polemonii sicci 0.2
D.t.d. No. 30 in tabl.
S. 1 tablet 3 times a day

LITERATURE
Varlakov M.N. Replacing imported senega with cyanosis roots. Pharmacy, 1943, No. 1.
Nikolaev V.V. Cit. according to I.F.Akhabadze, A.D.Turova and others - In the book: Azure bluish. M., 1955, p. fifteen.
Tsofina A.A. Cyanosis as a sedative. - Pharmacol. i Toksikol., 1946, No. 6.

HOP ORDINARY-HUMULUS LUPULUS L
CANNABINACEAE FAMILY

Description. Perennial herbaceous climbing dioecious plant with high ribbed, 4-sided long stems, seated with sharp thorns. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, heart-shaped at the base. Staminate flowers are small, yellowish-green, in loose panicles, collected in axillary inflorescences in the form of cones. Pistillate flowers are ovate, sitting in the corners of the leaves; these inflorescences consist of large bracts, in the corners of which the flowers are arranged mostly in pairs. During fruit ripening, the bracts, growing, form rather large, greenish-yellow cones. The bracts and perianth are dotted with yellow glands containing the bitter aromatic substance lupulin. Blooms in July - August.

Geographic distribution. European part of the USSR, Caucasus, Western Siberia, Altai and Central Asia. Cultivated on industrial plantations.

Organs Used: fruits called "hop cones", and glands obtained by shaking and sifting dry seedlings.

Chemical composition. The buds contain an essential oil (about 2%) consisting of 15-20% humuleia (sesquiterpene), sesquiterpene alcohol, 30-50% aliphatic terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, geraniol and 30-40% alcohol esters myrcenol; a large amount (up to 50-70%) of resins, up to 5% of bitterness, a certain amount of valeric acid, humulin alkaloid, amino alcohol, choline, etc.

Pharmacological properties little studied. However, it is known that common hop belongs to plants capable of synthesizing substances similar in action to hormones. In the laboratory of the department of pharmacology of VILR, A.G. Gorelova investigated the estrogenic activity of hops on castrated mice and infantile rats using the Allen-Doisy method. It was found that in 70% of rats, hop extract at a dose of 10-30 mg (per animal) causes the appearance of estrus or proestrus. The activity of 1 kg of dry hops extracted with water averages 1000 mouse units (m.u.). The most active was the phenolic fraction of hops, which has estrogenic activity equal to 25,000 IU. Daily administration of hop extract to animals for 12 days caused an increase in the mass of the genitals by 4.1 times (AD Turova, 1974).

Application. Numerous observations and experience of traditional medicine from different countries testify to the calming, antispasmodic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of common hop cones. A number of authors emphasize the effectiveness of the preparations of this plant for insomnia, increased sexual arousal, menopausal neurosis, increased excitability and convulsions. N. G. Kovaleva, referring to literary sources and her own observations, notes the beneficial therapeutic effect of hops as a sedative cardiotonic, diuretic and anti-inflammatory agent. In particular, she noted its effectiveness in diseases of the kidneys, renal pelvis and bladder, dysuria, insomnia, hypertension and arteriosclerosis.

The glands that appear on inside scales of hop cones during their ripening, produce a bitter substance lupulin. It is very effective in gastritis, it is prescribed to improve appetite and digestion. However, at a dose of 1-2 g, lupulin can cause toxic effects.

Outwardly, an infusion of hop inflorescences is used for compresses for bruises, infiltrates, they are washed with wounds, ulcers, baths are made for rheumatism and gout. More than 100 years ago, V.V. Medovshchikov treated lichen rashes on the skin with hops. At early baldness to strengthen hair, traditional medicine recommends washing your hair with infusion or decoction of hop cones. Powder from hop cones is locally used as an analgesic (L.Ya. Sklyarevsky, I.A. Gubanov, 1973; V.I. Zavrazhnov et al., 1977). The essential oil is part of valocardine (GDR).

Methods of preparation and use

1. A tablespoon of hop cones is poured into a glass of boiling water, insisted in a sealed container in a warm place for several hours, filtered. Assign inside 1/4 cup 3 times a day before meals.

2. Tincture of cones (1/5 part) in 40% alcohol or vodka (4/5 parts) is prescribed orally 5 drops in the morning and evening before meals.

3. One part of hop cones powder is mixed with an equal part of unsalted lard. Assign locally as rubbing.

LITERATURE
Gorelova A.G. Estrorennaya activity of hop extracts. - In the book: Proceedings of the scientific conference on pharmacology, part II. Moscow: Moscow Veterinary Academy, 1966.
Medovshchikov V.V. On the action of hops in lichen rashes. - Moscow Medical Newspaper, 1866, No. 3, p. 22.

THREE-PARTITION STRING (SCOLOTER GRASS) - BIDENS TRIPARTITA L.
ASTER FAMILY (COMBOSITE) - ASTERACEAE

Description. An annual herbaceous plant 20-80 cm high with a straight, strongly branched, glabrous or sparsely hairy stem. The leaves are opposite, short-petiolate, deeply tripartite. The flowers are tubular, small, collected in brown-yellow baskets. The fruits are oblong-ovate, strongly flattened achenes, at the top of which there are points, which are half as short as the achenes and are planted down with turned cloves. It blooms from June to August, bears fruit in late September.

Geographic distribution. Throughout the USSR, with the exception of the Far North. Harvesting is carried out in the middle zone of the European part of the USSR, in the Ukraine and the Caucasus.

Organs Used: Leaves and young tops (grass) harvested before flowering.

Chemical composition. Little studied. It is only known that the grass contains essential oil, mucus, tannins, bitterness, carotene (more than 50 mg%) and ascorbic acid (60-70 mg%).

Pharmacological properties also understudied. Medicinal properties are known to folk medicine, which successfully uses a series of liver diseases, headaches, eczema, fright (D.K. Ges and others). In the experiment, it was found that when administered parenterally, the tincture has a sedative effect, lowers blood pressure and somewhat increases the amplitude of heart contractions.

A.D. Turova writes that the sequence has been experimentally studied extremely insufficiently, but it is known that the tincture injected into the vein of animals has a sedative effect; its anti-allergic properties are confirmed in the clinic.

Application. A string is prescribed internally as an antispasmodic (N.F. Farashchuk) and antiallergic, diuretic and diaphoretic, as well as to increase appetite, improve digestion and for headaches. In addition, in folk medicine it is used for liver diseases, arthritis, gout, rickets.

A decoction of the string is also used externally for various skin diseases: psoriasis, scrofula, seborrhea, eczema, various diathesis, allergic reactions, accompanied by severe itching. When treating, it is rational to combine the external use of an infusion or decoction with its ingestion in doses generally accepted for preparations.

Baths from a series are also widely used for bathing 1 nervous children. Locally recommended liquid forms sequences in the form of lotions, rubdowns and washing for treatment acne giving skin elasticity.

Methods of preparation and use

1. Briquettes of a series of 75 g are produced, which are divided into 10 slices of 7.5 g each. One slice is poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted for 10 minutes and filtered. Assign inside 1 tablespoon in the morning and evening. The same infusion is used for baths (1 cup per baby bath).

2. Chopped herb string (4 tablespoons) pour 1 liter of boiling water, insist overnight, and then take half a glass 3 times a day (vitamin remedy).

3. Chopped string grass (20 g) is poured into a stainless vessel, poured with a glass of water, closed and heated in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, cooled for 45 minutes at room temperature, filtered, water is added to the original volume (200 g) . Assign inside 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

4. Chopped herb string (3 tablespoons) pour 2 cups of water and boil in a sealed container for 10 minutes. Used for lotions, washing and washing the skin.

LITERATURE
Farashchuk N.F. On the antispasmodic effect of the tripartite series. - In the book: Materials of the 25th scientific conference of the Smolensk Medical Institute. Smolensk, 1967.
Farashchuk. N.F. To the question of the anti-allergic effect of the tripartite series. - Zdravookhr. Belarus, 1970, No. 2.

The ending. See the beginning in prev. room.
_______________________
© Akopov Ivan Emmanuilovich

This group includes medicinal plants, the preparations of which in therapeutic doses do not give a hypnotic effect, but in case of sleep disorders they can normalize it; they can reduce or eliminate neuropsychic stress, feelings of fear and anxiety, increase and normalize mental and physical performance.
At correct application preparations of these plants are well tolerated, do not cause side effects, addiction and addiction.

Marsh Ledum- LEDUM PALUSTRE L.
HEATHER FAMILY - ERICACEAE
Description. Evergreen very fragrant shrub 50-125 cm high. Stems procumbent, with numerous branches and reddish-brown pubescence. The leaves are alternate linear or oblong elliptical with entire edges turned down, green above, wrinkled, below - with dense pubescence. The flowers are white five-membered, collected at the ends of the branches in umbrella-shaped brushes. Calyx small, corolla of five loose petals. The fruit is an oblong, five-celled, multi-seeded pod. Blossoms in May-July, bears fruit in July-August.
. Widely distributed in the forest and tundra zone of the European part of the USSR, Siberia and the Far East.
Organs Used: leaves and young twigs, collected in August - September.
Chemical composition. All organs of the plant (with the exception of the roots) contain essential oil, but most of all it is in the leaves, especially the first year (from 1.5 to 7.5%). The composition of the essential oil includes: ledol (C15H26O), palustrol (C15H26O), n-cymol (C10H14), geranyl acetate. In addition to the essential oil, the leaves contain glycosides - ericoline (arbutin), as well as tannins.
In addition to arbutin glycoside, the plant contains a glycoside-like poisonous substance andromedotoxin, as well as tannins, in particular leditanoic acid, which, when hydrolyzed with concentrated mineral acids, releases a yellow-red substance ledixanthin (D.K. Ges et al., 1966).
Pharmacological properties. T.P. Berezovskaya notes the existence of three morphological forms wild rosemary (common, narrow-leaved and broad-leaved), which have not exactly the same pharmacological properties and chemical composition. So, for example, in the narrow-leaved wild rosemary there is no ledol, which is credited with an expectorant and antispasmodic effect (N.K. Fruentov, 1974).
According to E.Yu.Shass (1962), the use of wild rosemary is very diverse: more often it is used for rheumatism, less often for whooping cough and cough, as a diuretic and diaphoretic. A 10% solution of eleopten (the liquid part of the essential oil) in linseed oil in the form of nasal drops is used in the treatment of rhinitis and influenza.
Despite the great interest in this plant, its pharmacological properties have not been studied enough. It is only known that preparations of wild rosemary have a local irritant property. So, ledol and essential oil in general can cause inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. With their resorptive action in an experiment on animals, a two-phase effect was established: at first exciting, and then depressing and paralyzing (B. G. Volynsky et al., 1978).
Application. Used as an anticonvulsant and narcotic for angina pectoris, skin diseases(N. S. Spassky), bruises, wounds and bleeding (A. A. Alekseeva and others). The liquid part of the essential oil (eleopten), oil extracts and ointments are used for the common cold, flu. An infusion of leaves or “herbs” of wild rosemary in a ratio of 1:10 and 1:15 is given orally for acute and chronic bronchitis as an expectorant, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic. A decoction of wild rosemary in folk medicine is used for lung diseases, including tuberculosis, whooping cough, bronchial asthma, gastrointestinal diseases, rheumatism, kidney diseases, scrofula, eczema, gout, as well as for the prevention of epidemic diseases (V.I. Zavrazhnov and others). Ledum is also effective for insect bites, bruises and frostbite (V.P. Makhlayuk, 1967).
An aqueous decoction of wild rosemary flowers is given to patients with coughs, bronchitis, colds, gastric diseases, with diseases of the heart, kidneys, rickets, diarrhea, infertility (B. G. Volynsky et al., 1978).
There are known cases of people being poisoned with wild rosemary, as well as the appearance of headaches in people who find themselves in calm weather in its thickets (N.K. Fruentov, 1974).

1. Infusion of herbs 1:30 take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day.
2. A teaspoon of grass is poured into 2 cups of cold boiled water, insisted for 8 hours in a sealed container, filtered. Assign inside 1/2 cup 4 times a day.
3. Anti-asthma tea: 25 g of rosemary herb and 15 g of stinging nettle leaves are poured into 1 liter of boiling water, infused for 8 hours, filtered. Assign inside ¼ cup 4 times a day.
4. Two tablespoons of wild rosemary herb are poured with 5 tablespoons of sunflower or linseed oil, infused for 12 hours in a sealed container on a hot stove, filtered. Used externally.
Rp.: Inf. Ladypalustris ex 10-150ml
Sir. Althaeae 25.0
M.D.S. 1 tablespoon every 2 hours
Rp.: Herbae Ledi palustris 50.0
D. S. Two tablespoons of herbs brew I liter of boiling
water. Drink 1/2 cup 5-6 times a day
Rp.: Eleopteni -1.0
Olei Lini 9.0
M.D.S. 1-2 drops in both nostrils

LITERATURE
Alekseev. A. A., Blinova K. F., Komarova M. N. etc. Medicinal plants of Buryatia, Ulan-Ude, 1974.
Berezovskaya T. S. Comparative chemical study various forms wild rosemary.- In the book: Materials of the second meeting on the study of medicinal plants in Siberia and the Far East. Tomsk, 1961.
Spassky N.S. Influence of Ledi Palustris (marsh wild rosemary) on blood clotting and the vascular system. - Irkutsk Medical Journal, 1929, No. 3,
Tatarov S. D. Materials and instructions for the use of medicinal plants in medical practice.-Arkhangelsk Department of the State Pedagogical University, 1943.

VALERIANA MEDICINAL (VALERIAN PHARMACY, MAUN)-VALERlANA OFFC1NALIS L.
VALERIAN FAMILY - VALERIANACEAE
Description. Perennial herbaceous plant 180-200 cm high. The rhizome is short, vertical, with numerous thin, cord-like, whitish or brownish succulent roots with a specific smell. Stems erect, simple, branched above, hollow furrowed. Leaves Opposite, unpaired, sessile above, long-petiolate below. The flowers are small, fragrant, pale pink in color, collected at the top in a thyroid or paniculate inflorescence. The corolla is funnel-shaped with a five-lobed limb. The fruit is a small, oblong-ovate achene with a falling tuft. Blossoms from late May to August, fruits ripen in June - September.
Geographic distribution. Almost throughout the USSR, with the exception of the Far North and the desert regions of Central Asia.
Organs used: rhizome with roots.
Chemical composition. Rhizomes and roots contain up to 0.5-2% essential oil, the main part of which is bornylizovalerianate (valerian-borneol ether C15H26O2), isovaleric acid (C5H10O2), borneol (C10H18O), I-mirtenol and its isovaleric ester; I - camphene (C10H16); α-pinene; d-terpineol, 1-limonene, as well as sesquiterpene (C15H24), alcohol (C17H29O), nitrogen-containing (C6H13ON) and kessyl proazulene (C15H26O2) alcohols, etc.
In rhizomes, roots and grass, alkaloids were found - valeria, hatinin, as well as volatile bases (C10H15N and C17H32N), pyryl-alpha-methyl ketone (C6H7ON), a little-studied valeride glycoside; tannins, sugars and formic, acetic, malic, stearic, palmitic and other acids.
Pharmacological properties. Valerian is one of the most popular and highly valued medicinal plants. Its preparations enhance the process of inhibition in the cerebral cortex, reduce reflex excitability, and have a normalizing effect on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems.
Healing properties Valerian was well known to the physicians of ancient Greece and the Romans. At the end of the 19th century, it was believed that “valerian root is one of the excellent stimulant, anticonvulsant, and even anthelmintics. They give it for convulsive suffering, hysteria, hypochondria, migraine and other nervous suffering ... ”(X. Hager). However, to date, the medicinal properties of valerian have not yet been fully studied.
Taking into account the principle of compatibility of sedative and hemostatic properties, V.N. Mirnov (1965) studied the effect of valerian and such a classic drug as sodium bromide (together with V.M. Yadrova) and some sedative-acting medicinal plants. It was found that both intravenous and oral administration to dogs of 10% infusion of valerian officinalis in acute and chronic experiments, along with a pronounced decrease in blood pressure (when administered intravenously), accelerates the process of blood clotting. The same result was obtained in acute and chronic experiments in rats - with an increase in the same optimal dose (2.5 ml / kg), the blood coagulation process slowed down.
Several types of valerian grow in the Far East: Amur, Korney, alternate-leaved, Zaenisei. Other species (capitate, Stubendorff, etc.) are less common. All of them are still little studied (N.K. Fruentov). It can be assumed that new medicinally valuable species can be found among them.
A comparative study of the effect of infusions of valerian officinalis and valerian core showed that the latter more actively reduces the motor activity of mice and does not affect the duration of the hypnotic effect caused by barbamyl, hexenal, urethane and chloral hydrate (A. D. Turova).
Application. Valerian preparations are used for nervous excitement, insomnia, neurosis of the cardiovascular system, spasms in the gastrointestinal tract (M.D. Mashkovsky). G.N. Kovaleva used valerian root for neurosis, migraine, insomnia, flushing of blood to the head, especially in women in menopause. She recommends brewing 5 g of crushed valerian root in 250 ml of boiling water, simmer it for at least 2 hours, strain and take 1/2 cup in the morning and evening. M.A. Nosal and I.M. Nosal advise giving valerian to children with nervous shock (“fright”) with convulsions 5 times a day, 7-10 drops in a teaspoon of water. They prescribe valerian for epilepsy not only inside, but also externally (in the form of baths).
In the folk medicine of Belarus, valerian preparations (root tincture in vodka or water decoctions) are very widely used as a heart sedative (V. G. Nikolaeva, 1964).
Valerian preparations are used as sedatives for nervous excitement, insomnia, neurosis of the cardiovascular system, neurasthenia, hysteria, anxiety, menopausal disorders, hyperthyroidism, some types of beriberi; valerian preparations expand blood vessels and reduce blood pressure, increase the secretion of the digestive glands and increase the secretion of bile, etc.

Methods of preparation and use Harvested in autumn or early spring, the rhizomes and roots (washed and dried) of valerian officinalis are raw materials from which they prepare:
1. Briquettes of rhizomes with roots, divided by grooves into 10 equal slices, 7.5 g each, for the preparation of valerian infusion: one slice is poured with a glass of cold water, boiled for 5 minutes, filtered through cheesecloth. Assign adults 1 tablespoon 3 times a day, young children - 1 teaspoon 2-3 times a day.
2. Valerian tincture in 70% alcohol in a ratio of 1:5 is prescribed for adults 20-30 drops per dose, and for children - as many drops per dose as they are.
3. Valerian extract thick. Applied in the form of coated tablets containing 0.02 g of the extract. Tablets are convenient to take, but freshly prepared valerian infusion has a more pronounced effect.
4. Collection of sedatives. Ingredients: rhizomes with valerian roots - 1 part, peppermint and water shamrock leaves - 2 parts each, hop cones - 1 part. Take 2 tablespoons for 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes. Drink half a glass 2 times a day - in the morning and in the evening (M. D. Mashkovsky).
5. A teaspoon of crushed rhizomes and roots of valerian officinalis is poured with 1 cup of boiling water, insisted in a sealed container for 10-12 hours, filtered. Assign 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day.
6. One part of the rhizomes and roots is poured with 5 parts (by volume) of 40% alcohol (or vodka), infused for 7 days, filtered, tincture is added with a solvent (vodka) to the original volume. Apply 15-20 drops 3-4 times a day.
7. Powder of dry rhizomes and roots inhale 1 g 3-5 times a day (according to A.P. Nelyubin).
Rp.: T-rae Valerianae 30.0
D.S. 20-30 drops 3 times a day.
Rp.: T-rae Vaierianae
T-rae ConvaUariae aa 7.5
M. D S. 20-30 drops 3 times a day
Rp.: Tabul. Extr. Valerianae 0.02 N 50
D.S. 2 tablets 3 times a day
Rp.: Rhizomae et radicis Valerianae 50.0
D.S. 1 tablespoon brew in a glass
boiling water, drink 1/3 cup 3 times a day
Rp.: Inf. rad. Valerianae 15.0:200.0
T-rae Menthae 3.0
T-rae Leonuri 10.0
M.D.S. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day

LITERATURE
Akopov I.E. On some patterns of compatibility of the general hemostatic and sedative effects of drugs. - Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the UzSSR (medical series), 1958, No. 6, p. 51-56.
Mirnov V.N. Influence of sodium bromide, valerian, motherwort, cudweed, skullcap and cyanosis on the process of blood coagulation.- Abstract of the thesis. cand. dis., Saratov, 1969.
Mirnov V. N. and Yadrova V. M. Effect of sodium bromide on the blood coagulation system.- Pharmacol. i Toksikol., 1965, No. 2, p. 200-203.

ORANGE ORDER- ORIGANUM VULGARE L. FAMILY LAMIACEAE
Description. Perennial herbaceous plant 30-60 cm high, branched stem, leaves petiolate, oblong-ovate, pointed, entire or slightly serrated. The flowers are collected in small corymbs forming a corymbose panicle at the top of the stem. Calyx with five equal teeth, inside with a ring of hairs; corolla two-lipped, purple, rarely whitish. The fruit consists of four nuts enclosed in a cup. Flowering from July to September, fruits ripen from August.
Geographic distribution. Almost throughout the European part of the USSR, with the exception of the Far North, the Caucasus, and also in the southern regions of Siberia; less common in some areas of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
Organs Used: ground part of a plant (grass).
Chemical composition. Oregano herb contains from 0.3 to 1% of essential oil, which includes: phenols (up to 44%) - thymol and its isomer carvacrol; bi- and tricyclic sesquiterpenes (12.5%), free alcohols of composition C10H18O (up to 15%). In addition, the grass contains tannins, ascorbic acid (in leaves up to 565 mg%) and flavonoids.
Application. It is used as a sedative for excitation of the central nervous system (A.D. Turova), for insomnia (D.K. Ges and others; B.G. Volynsky and others; V.I. Zavrazhnov and others). Oregano herb is also used for rheumatism, paralysis, epilepsy, colds as an expectorant, diaphoretic and diuretic; in acute and chronic bronchitis, in atonic and spastic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract (E.Yu. Chass; N.G. Kovaleva).
Oregano grass is official in Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Norway, Poland and Austria (N. G. Kovaleva, 1971).
This plant is approved for use in the USSR as an expectorant (chronic bronchitis) and soothing intestinal motility in the form of an infusion (10.0:200.0-15.0:200.0), inside a tablespoon 3 times a day. Externally, oregano herb is used for aromatic baths (M.A. Klyuev, E.A. Babayan, 1979).
Rectangular tile briquettes (120x65x70 mm, weight 75 g) were made from crushed oregano grass, divided by grooves into 10 equal slices (7.5 g each). One slice is poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted for 15-20 minutes, filtered, drunk warm 15-20 minutes before meals (M.D. Mashkovsky, 1977).

Rp.: Inf. herbae Origani ex. 15-200ml
D.S. Ho 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day
Rp.: Herbae Origani 10.0
Foliorum Farfarae
Radicis Althaeae aa 20.0
M.f. species
D. S. 2 teaspoons of the collection pour a glass of boiling water,
insist 20 minutes, strain. Assign 1/2 cup
2-4 times a day

Method of preparation and use
Grass (50 g) brew 10 liters of water (for baths and douches).

LITERATURE
Klement A.A., Fedorova Z. D., Volkova S.D. The use of oregano herb infusion in patients with hemophilia during tooth extraction. - Probl. hematol. 1978. No. 7, p. 25-28.

KLOPOGON DAUR)-
CIM1CIFUGA DAHURICA (TURC.) MAXIM.
Ranunculaceae family - RANUNCULACEAE
Description. Perennial herbaceous plant with a slightly furrowed stem, reaching a height of 100-150 cm. The underground part is a thick rhizome with numerous small roots. Leaves petiolate, double- or triple-triple. The length of the petioles decreases as it approaches the top of the stem. The lobes of compound leaves are either sessile or have their own small petiole, ovate, pinnatipartite with deeply serrated edges. The flowers are collected in a spreading racemose inflorescence. Flowering in July-August, fruiting in August-September.
Far East, Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, penetrating west to eastern Transbaikalia.
Organs used: rhizomes with roots.
Chemical composition. Little studied. Rhizomes with roots contain glycosides of an unidentified nature; resin, tannin, isoferulic and salicylic acids, phytosterol, saponins, coumarins.
pharmacological properties. Plants of the genus black cohosh have not been experimentally studied. However, it is known that Dahurian black cohosh tincture has sedative, hypotensive, analgesic and mild diuretic properties, and also enhances uterine muscle contractions.
Other species of the genus: black cohosh hogweed (N.K. Fruentov), black cohosh (F.I. Ibragimov, V.S. Ibragimova), black cohosh (G.E. Kurentsova) have the same properties as the Dahurian black cohosh. However, according to available data, stinky black cohosh, in addition, enhances labor activity, has an antispasmodic and antitoxic effect when bitten by snakes, and simple black cohosh, in addition, has an effect on the uterus.
A comparative experimental pharmacological study of these species of black cohosh would bring greater clarity and identify the most promising species of them.
Application: with increased irritability of the nervous system, neurasthenia and hysteria, with hypertension, mainly in initial stage, especially accompanied by headaches, insomnia, pain and unpleasant sensations in the region of the heart; at gynecological diseases with menstrual irregularities and bleeding; with increased secretion of bronchial and digestive glands, as well as to reduce the permeability of skin capillaries.
Daurian black cohosh is used as a tincture (1:5 in 70% alcohol) from rhizomes and roots. It is a clear liquid of light brown color, with a bitter taste and a peculiar smell. It is prescribed inside 50-60 drops 3 times a day.

ORDINARY GODDAD (LIVING GRASS) - SENECIO VULQAR1S L.
FAMILY ASTER (COMBOSITE) -ASTERACEAE
Description. One-biennial herbaceous plant 15-30 cm high, with a straight, slightly branched stem. The leaves are alternate, notched-deep-pinnately lobed, the lower ones are oblong-lobed. Flower baskets are yellow, collected in a rather dense corymbose panicle. The fruit is an achene with a tuft. Flowering from late May to September, fruiting in June.
Geographic distribution. Throughout the European part of the USSR, in the North Caucasus, in Western Siberia, Central Asia.
Organs Used: Aerial part of the plant.
Chemical composition. The plant contains alkaloids in the N-oxide form, from which senecionine, senecifylline, riddellin, etc. were isolated. From 54 to 61% of carotene, ascorbic acid, etc. were found in the leaves.
Pharmacological properties. No data. Therapeutic efficacy and indications for use have been established by the practice of traditional medicine.
Application. Common ragwort herb infusion is used as a sedative for neurasthenia, hysteria, convulsive seizures, spastic pain in the intestines (V.I. Zavrazhnov and others), for uterine bleeding (D.M. Rossiysky), extract and infusion after positive clinical trials recommended for various internal bleeding; common ragwort has a hypotensive and antispasmodic effect, it is prescribed for hysterical convulsions (A.N. Obukhov), however, as academician A.P. Nelyubin wrote, only juice is effective in convulsive conditions.
An infusion of common ragwort is also used for hysterical convulsions, menstrual irregularities, as antihelminthic, as well as pain in the abdomen, if it is established that these pains are not caused by diseases requiring emergency surgical intervention (N.K. Fruentov).
The French Pharmacopoeia formerly included the common ragwort herb in the form of a decoction or rubbed with oil as a remedy in the treatment of hardened mammary glands, hemorrhoids, "blood abscesses" (hematomas?), and the juice was administered orally for worms, colitis and hysterical convulsions (A.N. Obukhov).

A teaspoon of crushed herb common ragwort is poured with 2 cups of boiling water, infused for an hour and filtered. Assign 1 tablespoon 2-3 times a day.

ROMBOLOLOSTNY GARDEN- ADENOSTYLES RHOMBIFOLIA (ADAM) M. PIMEN
ASTER FAMILY (COMBOSITE) - ASTERACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous plant 50-150 (250) cm high. Rhizome is long, creeping, grayish-brown, with transverse scars from fallen scale-like leaves, densely planted with cord-like adventitious roots with root lobes, grayish-brown inside, with a loose core or hollow.
Basal leaves are large, up to 30 cm long, with long petioles; stem - gradually decrease towards the top of the stem. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, unequally toothed, deeply notched at the base, often cordate-sagittate. Blossoms in June-August, bears fruit in July-September.
Geographic distribution. Caucasus (Georgian SSR, North Caucasus), Azerbaijan and Armenian SSR. It grows at an altitude of 1200-2000 m above sea level.
Organs used: rhizomes with roots and aerial parts (grass) to obtain alkaloids.
Chemical composition. All organs of the plant contain alkaloids: leaves - 0.49-3.5%, stems - 0.2-1.2%, rhizomes - 2.2-4.0%, buds - more than 5%, flowers - up to 3% . Among the plant alkaloids, the most important are: platyfillin (C18H27O5N) is an ester, which, when saponified, is cleaved into an amino alcohol, platinine (C8H15O2N) and senecionic acid (C10H16O5); Platifillin N-oxide (C18H27O6N); senecifylline (C18H23O5N); neoplatifillin (C18H27O5N). It is a diester of platinum-cin and senecyonic acid. Sarracin (C18H25O5N). Basically, all alkaloids in the plant are in the N-oxide form.
pharmacological properties. Alkaloids of the ragwort rhomboid (flat-leaved) cause pharmacological effects characteristic of atropine. Platyfillin hydrotartrate in terms of its effect on the peripheral cholinergic system is close to atropine, but less active, but at appropriate doses its action is not inferior to atropine. Platifillin is stronger than atropine, it inhibits the cholinergic system of the autonomic ganglia, it has a sedative effect on the central nervous system, especially on the vasomotor centers. It also has antispasmodic (papaverine-like) properties.
Application. Platyfillin alkaloid tartaric salt is widely used in medical practice, in particular, for angina pectoris, hypertension, bronchial asthma, as an antispasmodic for spasms of cerebral vessels and as an analgesic (V.P. Makhlayuk), as well as for intestinal spasms, spastic constipation, peptic ulcer, hepatic and renal colic, cholecystitis, disorders of cerebral and peripheral circulation, and as a means of short-term pupil dilation.
An extract or infusion of rhizomes with roots or an infusion of herb ragwort (flat-leaved) are used for internal (V.N. Voroshilov) and uterine (R.K. Aliyev and others) bleeding.
With an overdose of platyfillin, dry mouth, dilated pupils, palpitations and other phenomena appear.
Contraindications for prescribing ragwort preparations are: glaucoma, chronic circulatory disorders, organic diseases of the kidneys and liver, and the cardiovascular system.
Platifillina hydrotartrate is injected under the skin in 1-2 ml of a 0.2% solution to relieve pain in gastric ulcer and spasms; in eye practice, a 1% solution is used for diagnostic and 2% solution for therapeutic purposes. For course treatment (10-20 days), platifillin is prescribed orally at 0.003-0.005 (3-5 mg) or 10-15 drops of a 0.5% solution 2-3 times a day.
Rp.: Tabul. Platyphyllini hydrotartratis 0.005 N
D.S. 1 tablet 2 times a day
Rp.: Sol. Platyphyllini hydrotartratis 0.2% 1.0
D.t.d. N 10 ampull.
S. Subcutaneously 1 ml 2 times a day
Rp.: Sol. Platyphyllini hydrotartratis 0.5% 20.0
D.S. Inside 10 drops 2 times a day
Rp.: Platyphyllini hydrotartratis 0.003
Papaverini hydrochloridi 0.03
Theobromini 0.25
D.t.d. No. 10 in tabl.
S. 2 tablets 2-3 times a day (with angiospasms)

Method of preparation and use The crushed grass of the plant (10 g) is poured with 100 ml of 70% alcohol and infused for 7 days. Assign 30-40 drops 3 times a day.

LARCH SPONSE- FOMITOPSIS OFFICINALIS (VILL.) BOND. ET SING.
FAMILY TRUTIC (Trutic) - POLYPORACEAE

Method of preparation and use A tablespoon of chopped fresh raw materials is poured into 1.5 glasses of water and boiled for 20 minutes, then infused for 4 hours and filtered. Assign inside a tablespoon 3 times a day.

PASSIFLORA INCARNATE (PASSIONFLOWER FEATHER-RED)- PASSIFLORA INCARNATAE L.
PASSIOFLOWER FAMILY - PASS1FLORACEAE

Description. Perennial herbaceous liana, in the conditions of the subtropics of the USSR, reaching 3-5 m in length. From the dormant buds of the rhizome, above-ground leafy, as well as underground shoots develop.
It blooms and bears fruit from the first year of life. The fruits ripen in September.
Geographic distribution. Passionflower is native to Brazil. In the USSR, it is successfully cultivated on the southern coast of Crimea and on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus (A.Sh.Badzhelidze and others).
Application. From the dried raw materials, a tincture and a liquid alcohol extract are obtained, which have a sedative effect on the central nervous system, and also have anticonvulsant properties.
Passiflora liquid extract is prepared in alcohol. It is a liquid of dark brown or dark brown color, a peculiar aromatic smell and a bitter taste. Assign with increased excitability, insomnia, drug addiction, chronic alcoholism, as well as menopausal disorders, 20-30 drops 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 20-30 days.
Contraindications: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis of cerebral and coronary vessels.
Rep.: Extr. Passiflora fluid! 25ml
D.S. 20-30 drops 2-3 times a day

LITERATURE
Badzhelidze A.Sh., Rabinovich I.M., Badzhelidze L.S. Passiflora inkarnatnaya.- In the book: Overview information of the Ministry of Medical Industry (plant growing series). New medicinal crops, 1979, No. 1, p. 30-32.

Today, people often suffer from various mental disorders. There are many reasons for this state: polluted ecology, overtime work, the rhythm of life, nutrition "on the go". The body simply cannot withstand such a load, as a result of which a person becomes restless, tired, irritated, sleep disturbance occurs. Sometimes, it is very difficult to get out of this state on your own and you need the help of a specialist.

To combat stress, you need to change your lifestyle. Pay more attention to rest, sports, walks on fresh air, adjust proper nutrition. Calming herbs can be of great help in treatment. Tinctures are prepared from them, released medications, used for water procedures.

It is known that any pharmaceutical product, even based on plants, contains other elements that can adversely affect the body.

Therefore, it is worth considering the use of sedative herbs that have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, normalize sleep, relieve fatigue and irritation.

Action

Science has not yet sufficiently studied the mechanism of action of drugs based on medicinal herbs. However, it has been proven that sedatives able to restore the work of the central nervous system and reduce its excitability. Compared with chemical preparations, these agents do not affect the skeletal muscles, do not cause ataxia. In addition, sedative drugs, even when used for a long time, do not cause dependence on them.

Most often, sedative preparations based on medicinal herbs are used to treat nervous disorders: motherwort, valerian, passionflower, peony, etc. pharmacological actions quite extensive. For example, valerian has not only a calming effect, but also antispasmodic and choleretic. Also, this plant improves heart function, normalizes its rhythm and blood circulation.

Peony is used as an anticonvulsant, and lemon balm is endowed with such properties as antipruritic, antiarrhythmic, antispasmodic. The list of beneficial actions of lemon balm is wide. It has a choleretic effect, improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, lowers the temperature, improves the functioning of the sex glands, relieves toxicosis of pregnant women.

Indications for use

Herbal sedatives are used for a wide variety of psychiatric indications.

The most serious indications include such factors:

Strong irritable state.
Anger and aggression directed at other people.
Inability to relax due to frequent pain and itching.
Loss of sleep over time.
Loss of complete control over emotions.

Some nervous disorders are accompanied by a specific rash on the skin. Sedative drugs are often used in the treatment of eczema caused by strong feelings, stress. The use of sedatives in this case helps to normalize the functioning of the nervous system and remove dermatosis.

Admission rules

To bring medicine maximum benefit the patient, it is necessary to follow some rules for their admission. Medicines should be taken in the minimum dose. If they are consumed in the evening 2-3 hours before going to bed, they will bring the greatest benefit body. With advanced disease, the doctor prescribes sedatives several times a day.

The doctor also prescribes a special course of treatment with sedative medications. For them to work most effectively, they need to be taken for 3 weeks. Then the patient should rest for 2 weeks, after which the treatment is resumed.

Sedatives to eliminate mental problems are best taken on the recommendation of a specialist. Otherwise, the drug can be harmful to health, as it has some contraindications. Therefore, you need to be very careful about the independent use of sedatives, which can also cause allergic effects.

Soothing herbs: a list of healing fees

Herbs with a sedative effect are the safest to use. Such tinctures affect the body much milder than pharmacy ones. chemicals. In addition, sedative herbs are not addictive. And their therapeutic actions not even inferior strong drugs. It is worth noting that the rapid effect of the use of sedatives with natural ingredients not worth the wait. With proper medication, improvement will come after a while.

List of medicinal herbs

Medicinal herbs should be collected in ecologically clean places or grown in your garden. In any case, you can always buy ready-made raw materials in a pharmacy. The list of herbs that have a sedative effect is huge.

But there are plants that are most often used for disorders of the nervous system:

St. John's wort. It is useful to use to eliminate anxiety.
Chamomile. Calms the nervous system and relieves muscle tension.
Motherwort. It has strong sedative properties. Under reduced pressure, the use of grass is not recommended.
Sagebrush. With the help of this herb, you can get rid of insomnia, as well as from a hysterical state.
Valerian. It is able to relieve nervousness and eliminate excitement. A high dose of the drug can have an exciting effect on a person.
creeping thyme. Used to calm the nerves and improve sleep.
Adonis. A herb with a sedative effect is able to increase the tone and normalize the emotional background of the patient.

What can be done during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman is often in a state of nervous imbalance. Her mood swings can change all the time. The reason for this phenomenon is hormonal changes organism. At this moment, it is bad not only for the woman, but also for the baby in the womb, which depends on her mood.

To mental development the child proceeded correctly and to maintain his health, it is necessary to take sedatives. Most the best option in this case it is herbal teas. However, they should be consumed only after the advice of a doctor.

For the future mother and her child, you can use teas from such herbs: chamomile, motherwort, lemon balm, jasmine. During pregnancy, you can also prepare a drink from valerian. However, it should be used in small doses and not for a long time.

Alcohol infusions from herbs with a sedative effect should not be taken during pregnancy. It is better to prepare your own infusion on water or herbal tea. Such teas will calm the nervous system. expectant mother, as well as relieve excessive anxiety, anxiety and improve the quality of sleep.

For small children

Young children especially need calmness and quality sleep. Every day, their brain perceives a lot of impressions and knowledge, with which its growing body copes with difficulty. As a result, the child does not sleep well, refuses to eat, and is often naughty.

In this case, soothing herbs will help. To do this, you can brew light teas, use a bath for bathing with the addition of herbs. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare in advance herbal infusion. Sometimes scented candles based on medicinal plants are used. Also, the doctor may advise you to apply these methods in combination.

For children, you can use the following herbs with sedative effect: chamomile, calendula, thyme, mint, motherwort. Most often, a string is used to bathe a baby. This plant not only perfectly relaxes, but also helps with diathesis and diaper rash. All of the above herbs are able to calm the nervous system, fight harmful bacteria on the skin, and reduce inflammation. Soothing herbs are used both for bathing and for oral administration.

Pharmacy funds

Herbal medicines, in comparison with chemical analogues, have safe properties. They practically do not have side effects and also do not affect the liver and digestive organs. Some herbal tinctures are prepared with alcohol, due to which the medicine is absorbed much faster by the body. Basically, plants such as valerian, motherwort, hawthorn are used for this.

In many of the modern sedatives on a herbal basis may include: mint, chamomile, peony. Each plant has a powerful calming effect. Today, manufacturers produce many drugs for the treatment of nervous disorders. There are herbal medicines that contain chemical elements. These include such combined preparations: Novo-Passit, Persen.

Sedative herbs: recipes and methods of preparation

The human nervous system is often overloaded with stress, experiences, and therefore malfunctions.

Over time, nervous exhaustion and a number of diseases develop. Experts recommend paying attention to this problem in time. At the initial stage, good spirits can be restored with the help of medicinal plants. They have a beneficial effect on the body and do not harm it.

In this, sedative herbs have a significant advantage over pharmaceutical chemicals.

Recipes and cooking methods

There are enough various recipes preparation of infusions and teas from herbs. The plant world of medicinal herbs is large, so they can be changed every week. For serious mental disorders, a collection of 3-5 medicinal plants is used. Each of them performs its own functions, and also perfectly complement each other.

The most popular sedative is mint or lemon balm tea. To prepare such a drink, 1 tsp. raw materials are poured with 1 cup of boiling water and infused for several minutes. The tea is fragrant and calms the nerves well.

Soothing decoction of mint and St. John's wort with the addition of fireweed. This combination of herbs is suitable for people who are constantly in stressful condition. The decoction calms and helps not to react to conflicts. To prepare the drink, we take herbs 1 tsp each. each and mix in a bowl. Now add 1 liter of hot boiled water. You need to insist until it cools down completely. This infusion should be drunk daily for one week.

Infusion from herbal collection: mint, lemon balm, fireweed chamomile, and hop cones. We mix all the ingredients for 1 tsp. The drink can be infused in a thermos: for a portion of the mixture - 250 ml of boiling water. Infuse for about 2 hours, and then strain the liquid. Take an infusion of 50 ml before meals up to 5 times a day. The course of treatment is 10 days.

If it is not possible to collect medicinal herbs on your own, then you can always purchase them at a pharmacy. They are sold individually or ready-made fees. Each sedative comes with instructions on how to prepare the drug.

Sedative herbs are often used for water procedures. To calm the nervous system, it is useful to add 2-3 drops of peppermint, rosemary or lemongrass oil to a warm water bath. The procedure should last 15-20 minutes. An olive-citrus bath soothes well. Enough 1 lemon and 1 tbsp. olive oil. Citrus cut and pour warm water for infusion. Then pour the infusion into the bath along with the oil.

Tea, tincture

In nature, there are many plants that can stop the inflammatory processes of the nervous system. Experts recommend preparing teas and tinctures from them. To do this, you can use the following herbs: chamomile, lavender, mint, motherwort, linden, willow-herb, etc. Such sedative teas act on the body only after a while with their constant use.

All herbs that are recommended for making drinks have a powerful sedative effect. Before taking them, you should visit a doctor for a consultation. The fact is that even such useful medicinal herbs have their contraindications. In addition, the wrong dosage can lead to side effects.

Syrup

Sedatives in the form of syrup for adults and children can be bought at a pharmacy. This form of medicine is available without a prescription. In addition to active components from medicinal herbs, their composition includes vitamins C and B6 and flavored additives. Basically, sedative syrups are intended for children. The tool is used for 2 tsp. after meals 4 times a day. The course of treatment is from 15 to 30 days.

This group of plants in the experiment has an effect close to that of acetylcholine and carbacholine, associated with the excitation of M- and H-cholinergic systems. Since the parasympathetic nervous system, sympathetic ganglia are simultaneously excited and adrenaline is released from the adrenal glands, the clinical picture is characterized mainly by vagal symptoms (Anichkov, Belenky, 1968).

Galega officinalis(Galega officinalis L.). It has an insulin-like effect, in connection with which it is popularly used as a tonic for diabetes. It has been established that the herb contains the alkaloid galegin, which has a number of cholinomimetic properties. At topical application constricts the pupil, enhances the secretion of milk, reduces blood sugar, etc. However, at the same time, blood pressure rises, and intestinal motility is inhibited (Volynsky et al., 1983). Another alkaloid - petanine - has an anticholinesterase effect, lowering blood pressure, increasing the tone of the intestines and uterus, causing muscle contraction and even convulsions (Sadritdinov, Kurmukov, 1980).

In the total extracts of the plant, the action of alkaloids is balanced, and vagal symptoms appear: diuretic, diaphoretic, hypotensive effect, improvement in heart function, increased glycogen content in the liver and heart, especially in galega eastern(Galega orientalis L.) (Damirov et al., 1982). Taking into account that the plant in the Caucasus was used in boiled form for food (Medvedev, 1957), relatively low toxicity, it is promising to study its restorative properties.

Stinging nettle(Utrica dioica L.), stinging nettle(Utrica urens L.). Plants are well known as a tonic, vitamin remedy. However, we want to draw attention to the little-studied aspects of the action of nettle. It accumulates a large amount of acetylcholine, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (Hegnauer, 1973). Despite the fact that acetylcholine is destroyed in the intestines, biogenic amines can cause some vagal effects: increased tone of the intestines and uterus, diuretic, choleretic, lactogenic, hypoglycemic, sedative effects. Perhaps this partly explains the effectiveness of the plant in epilepsy, hysteria, paralysis (Grossheim, 1942). Of course, phytoestrogens can also play a role in the restorative effect of plants (Turova, 1967). In general, the cholinomimetic effect of nettle needs to be studied.

common flax(Linaria vulgaris Mill.). It is used in folk medicine as a sedative, tonic, choleretic, diuretic, uterine, laxative (Skalozubov, 1913; Makhlayuk, 1967). clinical effects. Flavonoids of flaxseed enhance cardiac activity, increase blood flow, increase blood pressure. Drugs are recommended as sedatives (Choi Taesop, 1987).

Thus, the use of plants that have a calming effect that improves sleep is an important way to improve performance.