Strong pain reliever without a doctor's prescription. List of the most powerful and effective painkillers

In the life of any person there are moments when, for one reason or another, he is faced with pain. Analgesics come to the rescue. Analgesics are medicines that dull or completely remove pain syndromes. Such painkillers are divided into two types - narcotic and non-narcotic. Every type of analgesic has a certain range of effects on a person. Painkillers have differences in dosages, composition, scope, but their common factor is that they are all aimed at eliminating the pain itself, but not its cause.

On sale you can find a large number of painkillers manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies. But how to make the right choice?

Grodzisk Pharmaceutical (Poland)
Ranbaxy (India)
Reckitt Benckiser (UK)
FSUE "MEZ" (Russia, "Moscow Endocrine Plant")
Berlin-Chemie (pharmaceutical company founded in Germany, but this moment the company has gained multinationality and its factories are located in Italy, Spain, Russia)
Synthesis OJSC (Russia, "Joint Stock Kurgan Company medical preparations and products")
Organika JSC (Russia, Kemerovo region, Novokuznetsk)
Micro (Russia, Moscow)

People's rating 2017 - 2018 of the 8 best painkillers.

The best painkillers (opioid narcotic type)

Nurofen

Recommended for mild to moderate pain. The main component is ibuprofen, which stops the process of prostaglandin synthesis (prostaglandins are active substances in the body that are not a conductor of pain, but increase the sensitivity of nerve receptors). The content of codeine in small doses ( narcotic substance) also acts on nerve receptors, with the help of which an analgesic effect occurs. In addition, the drug helps well in the fight against inflammation, reduces high fever.

Indications: pain of various etiologies (in the joints, headaches, rheumatic pain), neuralgia.

Release form - tablets, suppositories, suspensions, gel.

Of the advantages of "Nurofen" can be noted:

a children's series was produced (with minimum dosages for each age group);
a variety of forms (tablets, suspensions, suppositories, gels);
has a composite approach (fights pain, reduces temperature and inflammation);
has instant absorption (pain syndromes recede after a quarter of an hour).

there are contraindications;
probable side effects(all kinds skin reactions, sleep disturbance, etc.).

Promedol

pain reliever strong action based on trimeperidine. With this substance, sensitivity nerve cells decreases, as a result of which the conductivity of impulses decreases, and the pain subsides.

Promedol is found in tablets and injections.

Advantages of an analgesic:

quick response to pain relief (15 minutes);
not dangerous for newborns (use when labor activity, as an effective drug that relieves pain and stimulates sluggish labor);
is a moderate antispasmodic.

The pain reliever is in demand:

During a bone fracture, to prevent shock due to pain, for anesthesia.
In oncology.

But such an effective pain reliever is not without its drawbacks. When using the medication, you may experience: dizziness, weakness, slowing down of the speed of psychomotor reactions, ringing in the ears, convulsions, swelling at the injection sites. Rarely - hallucinations, confusion. Promedol is prescription drug which is addictive. It should be taken exactly according to the doctor's instructions. After receiving a certain dose of the drug (tablets or injections), the pain condition disappears for only a couple of hours.

Tramadol

This pain reliever is treated when feeling moderate or severe pain. It is not as effective as codeine or morphine, but has a fast and lingering effect.

Tramadol is found in tablets, capsules, injections, suppositories and drops.

variety of release forms;
quick and lasting effect;
good tolerance;
does not affect breathing, blood circulation, gastrointestinal tract activity;
solves cough problems.

develops dependence and addiction;
occasionally possible: dizziness, nausea.

The best non-narcotic painkillers

Ketanov

Doctors recommend this pain reliever for severe pain, since the drug has a powerful analgesic activity. It contains ketorolac, which effectively inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins.

Indications: oncological pain, dental pain, trauma, menstruation;

They come in the form of a solution and tablets.

The advantages of the drug include:

potent analgesic;
found application in many areas;
does not entail addiction;
fast action (15 minutes).

Ketanov is similar to opioid analgesics.

contraindications (pregnancy, age group under 16 years old, asthma, ulcers, etc.)
possible side effects (lethargy, palpitations, increased sweating and nightmares)

Dexalgin

A medicine that relieves sensations of pain of moderate and mild severity. It will help with inflammation, and will moderate the fever. Based on dexketoprofen.

Release form - injections and tablets.

exhibits a collecting effect (aimed at various inflammations, as well as an excellent antipyretic and analgesic);
rather fast impact (after half an hour the pain subsides);
the action of pain relief lasts up to six hours;
good tolerance.

not applicable for long-term treatment;
there are contraindications (increased bleeding, lactation period, ulcerative colitis And so on).

Butorphanol

The pain reliever belongs to one of the more productive medicinal medicines non-narcotic opioid. There is a similarity with morphine (by the strength of the effect and the duration of the effect), but unlike it, it is effective in smaller doses.

Indications for use: postoperative and postpartum condition, severe pain of different etiology. Applicable during the treatment of oncology. Widely used in the process of childbirth.

Release form - ampoules.

quickly and effectively fights pain;
dependence (when compared with other opioids) is extremely rare;
action lasts up to 4 hours;
has an antitussive effect.

contraindications (traumatic brain injury, acute infarction, pregnancy, age group up to 18 years);
with constant and long-term use, addiction develops;
sold by prescription.
side effects (lethargy, dizziness, nausea; in rare cases, confusion, palpitations, anorexia, allergic reactions).

Recommended for use in mild to moderate pain (anti-inflammatory non-steroidal painkiller).

The main component is sodium diclofenac, which inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins.

Used for: bruises and sprains, various inflammations, headache and toothache and in many other cases.

Release form - tablets, injections, gel.

has an antirheumatic effect;
aimed at collecting action (relieves: inflammation + fever + pain);
the duration of the analgesic effect lasts up to 6 hours;
a fairly quick effect (after 30 minutes after taking the pain begins to dull);
low cost;
increases joint mobility;
removes easily and quickly different kind swelling and swelling (with postpartum and postoperative recovery).

possible violations in the activity of the gastrointestinal tract;
dizziness;
allergic reactions;
irritability;
insomnia
contraindications (arthrosis, neuritis, stomach diseases, lactation, etc.).

took

Specialists prescribe this anesthetic for moderate pain symptoms, spasms and various colic (renal, intestinal),

after operations. Three active substances are based on Bral: Pitophenone (has a myotropic effect, that is, it relaxes the muscular walls of blood vessels), Metamizole sodium (reduces fever and moderates pain), Fenpiverinium bromide (affects smooth muscles, making it less tense).

Release form - tablets, injections.

medicine of a combined nature (relieves pain, relieves spasms, reduces temperature, is aimed at the inflammatory process);
approved for adoption by children older than 3 months;
side effects are expressed very rarely;
affordable pricing policy;

This drug can also be used for the onset of a fever due to inflammation or a cold.

there are contraindications (pregnancy, low blood pressure, etc.);
cannot be treated for a long time.

What pain reliever to buy

If the pain is mild and you need a quick pain reliever, then Nurofen is the best choice for this role. Especially if a child needs help, since Nurofen has a wide selection of children's analgesics (candles and suspensions for babies from three months old and small children's tablets with a special dosage for children from 6 years old).
If the pain is very pronounced, then Promedol will help.
If the pain is severe, but there is no time or desire to go to the doctor for a prescription, then Ketanov will cope with the problem perfectly. A non-narcotic, non-steroidal pain reliever that also fights inflammation well.
If you need a medicine for pain of an acute or chronic nature (postoperative period, trauma, oncology), then Tramadol will cope with this task.
Dexalgin is suitable for reducing mild to moderate pain.
If you need a strong painkiller, but a non-narcotic class, then Butorphanol should be chosen.
If you need to relieve pain syndromes associated with pain in the back, joints, as well as in the elimination of pain after surgery or postpartum period, then Diclofenac will help.
A medication that removes mild to moderate pain - I took it. The medicine works well for colitis, spasms, neuralgia. Also, the drug can be given to children from the age of three months.

The connoisseur of human souls, Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky, once said that pain is indispensable for "broad consciousness and a deep heart." Do not take the words of the classic literally. Untreated pain is a severe blow to health and psyche. Moreover, doctors have learned how to cope with it: they have dozens of different painkillers in their arsenal.

Acute pain comes on suddenly and lasts for a limited amount of time. It is caused by tissue damage - bone fractures, sprains, injuries internal organs, caries and many other diseases. Usually, analgesics successfully cope with acute attacks, and this is undoubtedly a positive phenomenon that gives hope for relief.

Chronic pain lasts longer than 6 months and is likely related to chronic illness. Osteoarthritis, rheumatism, gout, malignant tumors manifest themselves in severe, debilitating attacks that are resistant to treatment. Prolonged pain- this is not only the result of damaged tissues, but often a consequence of destroyed nerves.

Both acute and chronic pain can be so severe that the person experiencing it sometimes falls into deep depression. As sad as it is, chronic pain suffer up to 80% of the world's population - this figure is obtained as a result of major epidemiological studies. And therefore, doctors do not get tired of studying this phenomenon and looking for new ways to deal with it. So, what are they, painkillers?

Diverse world of analgesics

When you come to the pharmacy for painkillers, it seems that there is nothing complicated in your request. And only when the pharmacist begins to ask a lot of additional questions, it becomes clear: in reality, everything is not so simple.

In pharmacology - the science of drugs - there are many groups of painkillers, each of which is used for a specific type of pain.

So, all analgesics are conditionally divided into:

pyrazolones and combinations thereof;
combined analgesics containing several components at once;
anti-migraine agents indicated for the treatment of migraine headache;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs);
COX-2 inhibitors;
narcotic analgesics;
antispasmodics;
specific analgesics.

Let's deal with each of these groups separately and find out which painkillers to choose in a particular case.

Pyrazolones and their combinations: traditional painkillers

Typical representatives of painkillers are pyrazolones. This group includes the "father" of all analgesics, which has become the "gold standard" of pain treatment - His Majesty Analgin.

Analgin

Analgin, or metamizole sodium, has not only an analgesic effect. It also has a slight antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect. Nevertheless, analgin gained wide popularity and even fame as a drug against many types of pain.

The negative side of Analgin is not the highest security. With frequent long-term use metamizole sodium causes significant changes in the blood picture, so it is recommended to take it "rarely, but aptly". On the Russian market Metamizole sodium is produced under the traditional name Analgin. In addition, the Indian drug Baralgin M and Metamizole sodium produced in Macedonia are registered in the Russian Federation.

The complex analgesic drug Analgin-quinine, manufactured by the Bulgarian company Sopharma, contains two components: metamizole sodium and quinine. The main task that quinine performs in this complex is to reduce elevated temperature body. Due to the combination of a powerful antipyretic quinine and analgesic metamizole Analgin-quinine - great choice with fever and joint pain of catarrhal origin. In addition, the drug is also used for dental, articular, periodic and other types of pain.

Baralgetas, Spazmalgon

Both drugs are among the most popular combined analgesics-antispasmodics in our country. They contain the same combination: metamizole sodium, pitofenone, fenpivirinium bromide.

Each of the components enhances the action of each other. Metamizole is a classic analgesic, pitofenone has an antispasmodic effect on smooth muscles, and fenpivirinium bromide additionally relaxes smooth muscles. Thanks to a very successful combination, Baralgetas and Spazmolgon are used in the most a wide range indications in adults and children. We list the main ones:

various types of pain caused by spasm of blood vessels or smooth muscle organs: headache, periodic, spasm of the ureter, renal, hepatic, biliary colic, colitis;
fever.
Baralgetas and Spasmolgon in injectable form - an ambulance for very high temperature body when traditional antipyretics are powerless. The drugs are used even to relieve fever in children, including up to a year of life. For each year of life use 0.1 ml injection solution Baralgetas (Spasmolgon);
increased blood pressure.
Relaxing spasmodic vessels, painkillers Baralgin and Spazmolgon help with slightly elevated pressure (10–20 mm Hg above normal);
increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy.
In recent years, painkillers Baralgetas (Spasmolgon) have been increasingly used during pregnancy to reduce increased tone uterus. At the same time, they have a certain advantage over another antispasmodic, which has traditionally been used to relax the uterus - drotaverine. Recently it turned out that after 20 weeks of pregnancy, drotaverine can help soften the cervix. This is highly undesirable, especially for women suffering from isthmic-cervical insufficiency. But it is this category of patients who, more than others, needs antispasmodics that reduce uterine tone.

Unlike drotaverine, Baralgetas (Spazmolgon) does not affect the cervix and can be safely used at any stage of pregnancy.

In addition to Baralgetas and Spazmolgon, their Ukrainian counterpart, Renalgan tablets, is registered on the Russian market.

The famous spring green coated tablets have been known since Soviet Union. The painkiller, which has been consistently produced by the Bulgarian company Sopharma for many decades, contains two active ingredients: metamizole sodium (analgin) and triacetonamine-4-toluenesulfonate. The latter has a so-called anxiolytic effect, reducing anxiety, tension, arousal. In addition, it increases the effect of analgin.

Tempalgin and its analogue Tempanginol are used for pain syndrome of moderate and mild severity.

Combined painkillers: difficult but effective

The central component of most combined analgesics, as a rule, is paracetamol. Safe drug, which is sometimes mistakenly referred to as a group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, has several effects at once: moderate analgesic and antipyretic, as well as extremely slight anti-inflammatory. paracetamol and in pure form a fairly strong analgesic, and when additional components are added to it, its qualities are enhanced. As a rule, combined analgesics, which include paracetamol, are used to relieve pain from colds. Let's get down to specifics.

Vicks Active SymptoMax and Vicks Active SymptoMax Plus

Vicks Active SymptoMax contains paracetamol in combination with phenylephrine. The latter has a vasoconstrictive effect, so the drug not only effectively reduces articular and muscle pain characteristic of the common cold, but also reduces nasal congestion.

The composition of Vicks Active SymptoMax Plus, in addition to paracetamol and phenylephrine, also includes guaifenesin, a substance that helps to thin the nasal secretion.

Means with a fairly pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Brustan and Ibuklin contain paracetamol and one of the most powerful antipyretic and analgesic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - ibuprofen. At the same time, the concentrations of both components are quite high (paracetamol 325 mg, and ibuprofen at a dose of 400 mg). Due to the effective combination and high dosage, Brustan and Ibuklin have a pronounced analgesic and antipyretic effect. Ibuklin Junior is designed to reduce pain and fever in children and is available in dispersible form (in the form of tablets that dissolve in the mouth).

Brustan's analogues also include the widely advertised drug Next, containing 400 mg of ibuprofen and 200 mg of paracetamol, as well as Nurofen MultiSymptom (400 mg + 325 mg).

An Austrian drug, which includes caffeine, paracetamol and propyphenazone, is a drug from the pyrazolone group that has a moderate analgesic and antipyretic effect. Caffeine in the composition of combined analgesics plays a very significant role - it dilates blood vessels and enhances the effect of the main analgesic components. Gevadal is recommended for use in moderate headache, muscle, periodic pain.

Dolaren

Both the first and second tablets have the same composition, including paracetamol and the myotropic antispasmodic dicycloverine, which relieves spasm of smooth muscle organs. It is precisely due to the content of dicycloverine that Dolospa and Trigan quite effectively stop pain in renal, biliary and intestinal colic, including when urolithiasis. In addition, they can be taken spastic constipation and spasms of other origin in the gastrointestinal tract.

Line Caffetin

Very popular among combined analgesics and the Caffetin line. It includes three drugs that differ in composition and indications:

Caffetin Cold contains a classic anti-cold combination;
Caffetin is a true combination pain reliever tablet containing codeine, caffeine, paracetamol and propyphenazone.
Codeine is a natural narcotic analgesic that blocks opiate receptors. The remaining components of the drug (with the exception of caffeine, which we have already talked about) have antispasmodic and general analgesic properties. Due to the saturated composition, caffetin stops toothache and headache, including migraine, muscle pain of various origins, articular, as well as periodic pain in women. Due to the inclusion of codeine, Caffetin is sold exclusively by prescription;
Caffetin Light.
"Light" variation of the analgesic containing paracetamol, propyphenazone and caffeine. Pain medicine Caffetin Light can be bought without a prescription and used for various types of mild to moderate pain.

The list of sufficiently strong painkillers is replenished by the well-known Russian combined analgesic in tablets. The number of components is "hidden" in the name of the drug: "penta" in Greek means "five". So, the composition of Pentalgin includes:

drotaverine - myotropic antispasmodic;
caffeine;
naproxen - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
paracetamol;
pheniramine maleate - a component that has an antiallergic effect.

Pentalgin is quite effective for headaches, fever, as well as severe pain that accompanies neuralgia.

Migraine: pain that is not easy to relieve

Migraine pain is persistent and severe. Migraine attacks are not easy to stop. The pathological chain, which leads to a sudden and significant vasoconstriction, has already been launched, and it is difficult to break. Conventional analgesics are often powerless, and anti-migraine painkillers that dilate blood vessels come to the rescue.

Sumatriptan - active substance(and a drug) that stops migraine pain. It begins to act 30 minutes after application. The standard dosage of sumatriptan is 50 mg, and if it is ineffective, you can take two tablets per day (total 100 mg). Maximum daily dose 300 mg.

Sumatriptan-containing drugs include Amigrenin, Imigran, Migrepam, Rapimed, Sumamigren, Trimigren.

Zolmitriptan

An agent that acts similarly to sumatriptan. The original drug zolmitriptan is produced by the British corporation Astra Zeneca under the name Zomig and Zomig Rapimelt.

Eletriptan

An effective analgesic drug that is used to treat migraine, including severe pain. Eletriptan shows the best results when used at the very beginning of a migraine attack, but the effectiveness is maintained in any period. Today, only one eletriptan drug is registered in Russia - the original Relpax, which is produced by the American super giant Pfizer.

Frovatriptan

Another active ingredient that effectively dilates blood vessels and helps with migraines. It is represented by the German drug Frovamigran.

NSAIDs - effective pain relief

A special place in the range of painkillers, of course, belongs to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. And although almost all of them have an analgesic effect, we will mention only those that are distinguished by the most pronounced analgesic activity.

ibuprofen

One of the safest NSAIDs, which has antipyretic and analgesic properties. The safety of Ibuprofen is underscored by the fact that the drug is approved for pain relief and fever even in neonates and infants. The drug is available in tablets, syrups, suppositories, as well as in local forms (ointments and gels) for pain relief of joints and muscles. Adult dosage enough to relieve pain moderate degree, is 400 mg. The most famous drugs of ibuprofen: Dolgit, Ibuprom, Ipren, Nurofen.

Aspirin

Despite a certain analgesic activity, Aspirin is not used so often for pain relief. This is due to the aggressiveness of high doses of acetylsalicylic acid - the active substance of Aspirin - in relation to the mucosa. digestive tract. However, the Bayer company produces an effervescent and tablet form of Aspirin, designed to relieve pain and reduce fever.

Naproxen

Representative of NSAIDs, which, along with ibuprofen, is mainly used as an analgesic. Like all other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, naproxen preparations are used with caution in diseases of the digestive tract. Most often, naproxen is prescribed for the relief of dental, headache, periodical and rheumatic pain. In addition, naproxen can be used as an effective modern pain reliever for bone fractures or soft tissue injuries.

In Russian pharmacies, naproxen is sold under the trade names: Apranax, Nalgezin and Nalgezin forte, Naprobene, Pronaxen, Sanaprox.

Ketorolac

Ketorolac is on the list of the most powerful painkillers. Its analgesic properties are comparable to those of some opioid narcotic analgesics. However, ketorolac preparations should only be used as a last resort when other treatments have not worked. This is due to side effects that occur with regular or long-term pain relief. Ketorolac treatment is accompanied by irritation of the gastric mucosa (in 13% of cases), nausea (in 12% of cases), abdominal pain and even diarrhea (in 12 and 7% of patients, respectively). In addition, ketorolac can cause headache (in 17% of patients), dizziness (7%) and drowsiness (in 6%). There have been cases of severe lesions of the stomach, including those with perforation and subsequent bleeding, as well as liver and kidney failure in patients who have been taking ketorolac for a long time.

Nevertheless, potent ketorolac can be indispensable for severe pain resulting from fractures and injuries, as well as a drug for pain relief in oncological diseases and after operations. By the way, it does not have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. There are several trade names on the domestic market, and among them are Dolak, Dolomin, Ketalgin, Ketanov, Ketorol, Ketofril, Toradol, Torolak and others.

Safe Pain Relieving COX-2 Inhibitors or Coxibs

These drugs are classified as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, a special mechanism of action and the special effectiveness associated with this and, most importantly, safety, give reason to single them out as a separate subgroup of painkillers.

COX-2 inhibitors, unlike other NSAIDs, do not block COX-1, which protects the gastric mucosa. Therefore, they are not aggressive towards organs. gastrointestinal tract, and can be used in people with a history of peptic ulcer disease. However, most experts agree that coxibs in such cases should be taken with caution.

During treatment with COX-2 inhibitors in patients with peptic ulcer or stomach bleeding in the past recommend drinking inhibitors proton pump. These tools block the production of hydrochloric acid and thus protect the gastric mucosa.

We add that the most well-known proton pump inhibitors include omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole and pantoprazole.

Celecoxib

The first of the painkillers of the coxibs type registered in Russia. Great for reducing inflammation and pain relief. Used for exacerbation rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and other rheumatic diseases, including those with severe pain.

Celecoxib is available under the trade names Dilaxa, Coxib, Celebrex - original drug manufactured by Pfizer.

Rofecoxib

Another representative of coxibs, which is prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation in acute and chronic osteoarthritis, a pain syndrome of any origin. In Russian pharmacies, it is available under the name Viox in the form of a suspension and tablets. The manufacturer of the drug is the Dutch company Merck.

Parecoxib

This drug occupies a special position among analgesics - it has a parenteral, that is, injection form release. Parecoxib has a less pronounced anti-inflammatory activity, but this disadvantage more than compensates for its high analgesic capabilities. In Russia, parecoxib is sold under the name Dynastat. It is produced by the British company Pharmacy in the form of a lyophilized powder, from which a solution for intramuscular or intravenous injection is prepared immediately before use.

Dynastat is widely used as a powerful analgesic injection for severe pain, including after surgery or quite sensitive pain. diagnostic tests(for example, colonoscopy), as well as pain from fractures and injuries. In addition, Dynastat is sometimes prescribed for the pain relief of cancer patients in order to reduce the dose of narcotic analgesics.

Etoricoxib

One of the most modern coxibs, which organically combines anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The drug is used for symptomatic, that is, analgesic therapy of osteoarthritis, osteochondrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and other joint diseases. Etoricoxib is marketed by Pfizer under the name Arcoxia.

Reserve drugs - narcotic analgesics

Narcotic analgesics block opioid receptors and thereby inhibit the transmission of pain impulses. In addition, they reduce the emotional assessment of pain and reaction to it, and also cause euphoria and a sense of spiritual comfort. To avoid the formation of dependence, narcotic analgesics are used only in extreme cases, for example, to relieve acute pain syndrome. In addition, opioid analgesics are used in anesthesiology for the so-called premedication - preparation of the patient before the introduction of epidural and spinal anesthesia.

Narcotic painkillers registered in the Russian Federation include codeine, fentanyl, morphine and some others.

Due to the content of codeine, the group of opioid narcotic analgesics in combinations also includes the well-known drugs Nurofen Plus and Sedalgin Neo.

Nurofen Plus

The drug from the Nurofen line, which is produced by the British company Reckit Healthcare, contains ibuprofen at a dose of 200 mg and 10 mg of codeine. Nurofen Plus tablets effectively anesthetize the head and toothache, migraine pains, periodic pains in women, pains in the back, muscles and joints, pains with neuralgia and spinal hernias. In addition, the drug helps well with fever and pain, characteristic of colds and flu. Nurofen Plus should not be taken by children under 12 years of age.

Known since ancient times, the Bulgarian pain reliever produced by Activis Sedalgin Neo also fell into the group of combined opioid analgesics. Sedalgin Neo contains a combination of five active ingredients, including codeine, caffeine, metamizole sodium, paracetamol and phenobarbital. Due to the latter, the medicine provides not only an anesthetic, but also sedative action. Sedalgin Neo is effective for neuralgia, neuritis, migraine, as well as pain of various origins, including rheumatic, headache, dental, phantom, post-burn, traumatic, postoperative and periodic. In addition, the drug can also be used for fever and aches during SARS and influenza.

Myotropic antispasmodics: both pain and spasm

Myotropic antispasmodics are able to reduce the flow of active calcium into the cells of smooth muscle fibers. As a result, there is an expansion of smooth muscles and blood vessels, a decrease in pressure, which provides the drugs with an antispasmodic and analgesic effect.

The most popular myotropic antispasmodic is the good old drotaverine. It has a pronounced antispasmodic effect and high safety. Drotaverine is used as an anesthetic for various diseases accompanied by spasm of smooth muscle organs, including:

chronic gastroduodenitis;
peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
chronic cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder);
biliary dyskinesia;
intestinal dyskinesia;
intestinal colic;
colitis;
proctitis;
flatulence;
renal colic;
spasm of cerebral vessels.

In addition, drotaverine weakens uterine contractions and is used in obstetrics to reduce tone, as well as reduce cervical spasm during childbirth.

Sometimes drotaverine is used at high body temperature against the background of spasm of peripheral vessels. In such cases, the patient has a pronounced fever and contrasting cold extremities.

To effectively normalize body temperature with spasm of peripheral vessels, traditional antipyretics - paracetamol or ibuprofen - are used in combination with drotaverine.

Dozens of analogues of drotaverine are sold on the domestic market. We will list the most popular of them: Vero-Drotaverin, Droverin, Drotaverin-Teva, No-shpa, No-shpa forte (80 mg dosage), Spasmol and others.

Dicetel

The drug, which is produced by the French company Abbott, contains pinaverium bromide as an active ingredient. It, like drotaverine, relieves spasm of smooth muscle fibers and blood vessels. Ditsetel tablets are used to relieve spastic bowel contractions, including irritable bowel syndrome, biliary dyskinesia.

Duspatalin

The same company Abbott produces another myotropic antispasmodic Duspatalin. It contains mebeverine, which has antispasmodic and analgesic effects.

Duspatalin is the original drug brand. There are also its analogues, which differ in a more economical price. These include Mebeverine hydrochloride, Niaspasm, Sparex.

Combined antispasmodics

A small group of drugs, which includes only a few medicinal compositions.

The original French drug from Sanofi Aventis contains three active ingredients: drotaverine, codeine and paracetamol. An effective combination provides multiple action. Paracetamol reduces the severity of pain and lowers the temperature, drotaverine reduces spasm, and codeine further enhances the analgesic effect.

No-shpalgin is used for headaches of various origins: tension headache, vascular headache, as well as pain due to overwork or stress. The Indian analogue of No-shpalgin Yunispaz has the same composition and a better price.

Nomigren

A very interesting drug combination is Nomigren, which is produced by Bosnia and Herzegovina. It consists of five components: propyphenazone, caffeine, camilofine chloride, mecloxamine citrate and ergotamine tartrate.

The active ingredients of the drug Nomigren, enhancing the action of each other, have a strong analgesic effect in migraine and vascular headaches. Best result the medicine shows if it is taken at the very beginning of the attack.

Specific pain medications

This group of drugs refers to analgesics indirectly, and people who are far from medicine and pharmacology are unlikely to draw an analogy between them and painkillers. Officially, specific analgesics belong to the group of anticonvulsants. And even in the instructions for use in the column "Pharmacological group" it is written in black and white "Antiepileptic" or "Anticonvulsant". However, against the background of some anticonvulsant effect, drugs of this group effectively reduce severe postoperative and other types of pain. In addition, they reduce sensitivity in severe wounds, such as after breast surgery and other invasive major interventions, which are characterized by damage to the peripheral nerves and the associated hypersensitivity of the postoperative wound.

Gabapentin

Gabapentin effectively blocks the release of neurotransmitters that have an excitatory effect. In large clinical research the role of gabapentin in the treatment of chronic and neuropathic pain. It is associated with the ability of the drug to reduce sensitivity spinal cord, including after surgical or traumatic tissue damage.

Gabapentin is recommended for patients after surgical intervention, including for the purpose of reducing doses of narcotic analgesics. The high efficacy of gabapentin preparations for pain relief in severe tension headache, as well as pain associated with spasm of cerebral vessels, has been proven.

In domestic pharmacies, gabapentin is sold under the names Gabagamma, Gapentek, Catena, Neurontin, Tebantin, Egipentin and others.

Pregabalin

A drug that has properties similar to gabapentin. The main difference is the longer half-life, which is why pregabalin is considered the drug of choice for treatment. acute pain, especially in the elderly. Indications for pregabalin include neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and postoperative pain. The original pregabalin is produced by the American concern Pfizer under the name Lyrica. In addition, generics are also on the market: Algerica, Prabegin, Pregabalin Zentiva, Pregabalin-Richter and Pregabalin Canon.

As you can see, there is a great variety of painkillers, which includes prescription and over-the-counter, tablet and injectable, strong and not so, modern and time-tested drugs. It is not so easy to choose from this variety the remedy that you need right now, so it is better to rely on the knowledge of a doctor and pharmacist. Rely and live without pain.

Severe pain syndrome can be caused by a wide variety of reasons, ranging from migraine attacks to pathologies of organs, tissues or bones.

Symptoms of pain can be chronic (frequent) or paroxysmal. In any case, acute pain syndrome cannot be tolerated, as this negatively affects the physical and mental health person. For cupping pain analgesics are used - drugs that have an analgesic effect. The list of strong painkillers is impressive, because medicines used depending on their targeted impact on the source of pain.

Varieties of analgesics

There are several groups of directional analgesics, each of which relieves a certain type of pain.

Note!

Painkillers eliminate the pain syndrome, but do not treat the cause that caused it!

Which medicine is best, the doctor should choose in each specific situation. After all, any potent drug has its own contraindications, as well as manifestations of side effects.

Despite the fact that several classifications of analgesics are used in pharmaceuticals, they are divided into 2 groups according to their effect on the body:

Narcotic painkillers;
Non-narcotic drugs.

The specificity of the action of narcotic drugs is aimed at targeted depression of the nervous system. The components that make up the drugs affect the desired parts of the brain and nervous system, changing the manifestations of the syndrome. The result of this effect is euphoria, which replaces the pain.

Despite their high efficiency, these drugs are dangerous because they are addictive, and sometimes even addictive. Therefore, narcotic drugs can only be purchased with a doctor's prescription. They are prescribed for oncology, pathologies of the heart, blood vessels and other life-threatening diseases that are accompanied by excruciating pain.

Drugs that do not contain narcotic components in their composition represent a large group of drugs. They do not affect the central nervous system in any way and do not cause such unpleasant side effects as addiction, drowsiness, etc.

One of the important advantages of this group of drugs is their anti-inflammatory effect on the body, so they are often used in combination with other drugs. medications for the treatment of many diseases.

Classification of non-narcotic drugs

Another classification of analgesics divides drugs into classes depending on the components that make up their composition and the principle of action on the body.

From the above data, it can be seen that the list of painkillers is very large. To choose the right the right remedy, you need to be well versed in the analgesics that are used for different manifestations pain.

Relief of a headache

If the manifestations of pain in the area or are associated with overwork, prolonged stress or diseases, use drugs that are of low cost and are dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription.

If a we are talking about migraine pains, then traditional analgesics will not help relieve pain, so you need to take special means against migraine.

Citramon.
A tool whose popularity has not decreased for several decades. With a very democratic price, the drug expands the blood vessels well, relieving spasms, thereby eliminating pain. The combination of caffeine and aspirin also eliminates inflammatory processes, and paracetamol has a slight antipyretic effect.

People with poor blood clotting, ulcers and gout are not recommended to take the remedy.

Analgin.
The main active ingredient is metamizole sodium. The medicine eliminates inflammatory processes and reduces, relieves pain. However, many doctors consider it obsolete, since after taking negative changes in blood circulation and

Patients with pathological changes and, as well as can not use it.

Sumatriptan.
A strong pain reliever that is prescribed for regular migraine headaches. It has the form of tablets, which are film-coated.

Considering that the medicine is forbidden to be taken by many categories of people, it can only be used after a doctor's prescription. And with the wrong dosage, numerous side effects associated with nervous or respiratory system. Deviations in the work of the digestive tract, heart and blood vessels are also possible.

When eliminating headaches, analgesics with a combined composition have proven themselves well. These include Pentalgin and Solpadein.
Spasmodic manifestations of blood vessels stop No-shpa and Bukospan.

Elimination of toothache

Just like other analgesics, these drugs will only help relieve pain for a short period of time. Therefore, their use should not be long-term. But a visit to the dentist should be made as soon as possible, since untreated teeth can lead to serious complications.

At acute attacks preference should be given to such analgesics:

Ketorolac.
The drug has a strong analgesic effect. The effectiveness of pain relief is at least 8 hours. However, the drug has a high toxicity, which, when taken for a long time, causes backlash organism.

If Ketorolac was taken just before a doctor's visit, anesthetics may not be helpful. Therefore, at the doctor's appointment, he needs to be informed about the pill he has taken.

Nise.
The main active ingredient is nimesulide, which is a representative of the NSAID group. It copes well with inflammatory processes in periodontitis, as well as pulpitis.

Considering that the drug belongs to NSAIDs, it should not be taken by people with disorders in the gastrointestinal tract, with liver failure as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

It has a large list of adverse reactions of the body.

Analgin or Spazmalgon can temporarily eliminate a toothache of moderate intensity.

Postoperative pain and cancer

In the above examples, the pain syndrome is excluded with appropriate treatment, that is, the elimination of the disease that caused it.

However, in oncology, pain haunts the patient throughout the course of therapy, so its relief is one of the components of treatment.

To eliminate pain symptoms, a special scheme is used, which consists of 3 steps.

Stage 1.

The patient is taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (the list of the most popular drugs in this group was given above).

Stage 2.

In case of insufficient effectiveness of these drugs, weak opiates are started. These include the following drugs:

Oxycodone;
Diphenhydramine;
Hydrocodone;
Promedol;
Codeine.

At this stage, it is possible to use the means of a combined composition, the components of which are narcotic drugs.

Stage 3.

If the effect of this group of drugs was unsuccessful, they proceed to the third stage of the use of painkillers and use true opiates. These include such medicines:

Trimeperidone;
Bupronal;
Sufentanil;
Duragesic;
Pyritramide;
Morphine.

The elimination of postoperative pain, just as with cancer, begins with NSAIDs. When complications arise, analgesics are used, which include opium. However, their use should not exceed three days.

Important Information

Pain syndrome manifests itself in any pathological changes in the body: with diseases of the joints and the musculoskeletal system, and inflammatory processes of the internal organs. Despite the large list of analgesics, they cannot be taken constantly and uncontrollably: in this case, a specialist consultation is necessary.

based doctor clinical picture and laboratory research can not only choose the most effective medicine but adjust the dosage correctly.

Improper use of drugs will aggravate the development of the underlying disease, and numerous side effects will cause irreparable harm to health.

Pain is a signaling system that indicates the presence of some kind of malfunction in the body. For some, it manifests itself periodically, while for others it accompanies for many years.

What is the pain like?

Doctors divide pain into two main categories: acute and chronic.

acute pain- not long, occurs suddenly, as a rule, due to easily diagnosed causes (for example, a finger burn, bone fracture, etc.).

chronic pain- persists over a long period of time (months, years). It accompanies many diseases such as rheumatism, oncological diseases, osteoarthritis, etc.

Taking painkillers can blur or even completely hide the clinical picture of a serious illness. For example, with acute pain in the abdomen, the heart should not take painkillers in any case- this is fraught with untimely or incorrectly diagnosed, which can lead to sad consequences. Therefore, before taking the drug, it is necessary to without fail consult with your doctor.

How do pain relievers work?

The mechanism of pain in in general terms as follows:

In damaged tissues of the body, nerve endings transmit pain impulses to the brain.
In the same place, special substances are released that irritate the nerve endings and increase discomfort.
Also under the action of the nervous system due to damage muscle is reduced - there is a spasm (if it is present).

Painkillers, depending on their class, can act on several levels:

They depress the central nervous system, which relieves pain;
Reduce the production of substances that irritate the nerve endings;
Relieves spasm of smooth muscles.

What are the types of pain relievers?

All painkillers are divided into two main groups:

Narcotic analgesics . These funds directly affect the brain, inhibiting its activity. Often their action is accompanied by euphoria, have a sedative and hypnotic effect. They are addictive, so this group of drugs is prescribed by a doctor and is issued strictly according to a prescription.

Non-narcotic analgesics . An extensive range of drugs that do not affect the central nervous system, do not cause addiction and other side effects characteristic of narcotic analgesics. A large number of drugs in this group, in addition to pain relief, also have antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. They can be divided into the following groups:

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: relieve pain, fever and inhibit inflammation. Used for many diseases: colds, toothaches, diseases connective tissue and others. Representatives - Nurofen, Aspirin, Ketanov;
antispasmodics - relieve spasm of smooth muscle muscles. Representatives - Drotaverin, No-Shpa.
combined drugs - include several groups of drugs that work in several directions (to relieve spasm, reduce fever and inflammation). Such drugs are, for example, Pentalgin, Caffetin, Trigan.

There is also a narcotic class of painkillers, but they are used under the strict supervision of doctors and are not intended for self-medication.

Common non-narcotic painkillers

Acetylsalicylic acid- the most famous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, known to everyone under trade name Aspirin. It has antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet (thinning the blood) and analgesic effect.

Do not use for children under 15 years of age, take with caution to people with kidney and liver diseases, blood clotting disorders, etc. possible development bleeding from them.

Here are some trade names:

Aspirin
Upsarin UPSA
Aspirin - cardio (reduced effect on the gastric mucosa, often used in cardiology due to its antiplatelet properties);
Acetylsalicylic acid;
Aspicor
Citramon ( acetylsalicylic acid+ caffeine)
Anopyrin.

Paracetamol -considered the safest. It can be taken even by pregnant women and newborns. It acts gently, gradually, perfectly reduces the temperature, but its analgesic properties are lower than those of other representatives of this group. In case of an overdose, it negatively affects the liver, therefore it is not recommended to exceed the dosages of the drug allowed in the instructions.

Produced under the trade names:

Daleron
Panadol
Panadol Extra (paracetamol + caffeine)
Solpadeine (caffeine + codeine + paracetamol)
Trigan-D (paracetamol + dicyclomine)
panadol active
Efferalgan
Perfalgan
Coldrex
Medipirin
Sanidol
Meksalen

ibuprofen- the most popular western analgesic, which can also be used by children. The analgesic effect of 200 mg of Nurofen is equal to 650 mg of Aspirin. Very effective for joint pain, headaches, toothaches and menstrual pains. At the same time, it has a lesser effect on the gastric mucosa.

Trade names:

ibuprofen
Nurofen
Ibuprom
Ibusan
Ibufen
Iprene
MIG 200
Solpaflex
Burana
Advil
Deblock
Pedea
Ibuprom Sprint Caps.

Drotaverine- an antispasmodic drug, the main active substance acts on smooth muscle muscles, which can relieve pain during menstruation, pain with spasms of the intestines, urinary system and other conditions based on spasm of smooth muscle fibers.

It is also used in obstetrics during childbirth to relieve uterine spasm.
Contraindicated in children under 6 years of age, lactating women. Be wary appoint people with severe diseases of the kidneys, liver and cardiovascular system. May cause allergic reactions, low blood pressure, nausea, tachycardia.

Trade names:

Drotaverine
No-shpa
Spazoverin
Spakovin
Bespa
But-x-shpa
Ple-spa

Ketorolac - A very strong non-narcotic pain reliever. It is used to relieve pain in case of injuries, severe toothache, in postoperative period, with oncological pathology, etc. It is not recommended to take more than two days.

Contraindicated in children under 16, lactating, people with severe pathology of the liver, kidneys, heart, peptic ulcer and blood clotting disorders. Side effects - abdominal pain, nausea, tachycardia, lowering blood pressure, labored breathing.

It is produced worldwide under the following trade names:

Ketanov
Ketorolac
Ketorol
Ketalgin
Torolac
Toradol
Adorol
Ketrodol
Ketadrop (for local application)

Diclofenac sodium- an analgesic, often used to relieve pain in muscles and joints in case of injuries, inflammatory diseases etc. Available in various forms, the most common - for topical use (gels, ointments). It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, relieves puffiness well.

Do not use for children under 6 years of age, nursing mothers, people with peptic ulcer, individual intolerance to the drug. When used topically, do not apply to fabrics with impaired skin(wounds, ulcers, skin cracks, etc.) and mucous membranes.

Side effects are not frequent, but in rare cases allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, disorders of the kidneys, liver, changes in the blood picture, shortness of breath are possible.

Released under the trade names:

Voltaren
Voltaren Emulgel
Diclofenac
Diclofen
Ortofen
Naklofen
Diklobene
Artrex
Diklo-F
Diclofenaklong
orthoflex
Diclomax
Dorosan.

Indomethacin- an anesthetic drug, often used for inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the spine. Relieves pain, reduces morning stiffness. In view of the rather extensive list of side effects, it is necessary to consult your doctor before use.

Produced under the following trade names:

Indomethacin
Indocollier
Indovazin
Indovenol
Metindol

Oxycams- analgesics widely used in inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the joints due to their low influence on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and good anti-inflammatory properties associated with high level penetration of the drug into the synovial (articular) fluid.

Cannot be applied when breastfeeding, children under 15 years of age, with gastric ulcer in the acute stage, severe kidney and liver diseases.

Produced under the trade names:

Meloxicam
Piroxicam
Remoxicam
Medsikam
Pirocam
Felden
Amelotex
Bi-xicam
Mirloks
Movalis
Tolmidil
Revmador
zornik
Ksefokam.

Pain medications to be taken with great care

Analgin
An outdated drug, the active substance is metamizole sodium. Nowadays, it is prescribed with great care, as it causes a lot of side effects for the liver, kidneys, has a hypotensive effect and severe allergic reactions. The main danger posed by analgin is the development of agranulocytosis. This means that it reduces hematopoietic function bone marrow, which can carry severe consequences up to death.

Coxibs
group of painkillers distinguishing feature which have a significantly lower effect on the gastric mucosa (by about 50%). This group of drugs is suitable for people with increased risk gastrointestinal bleeding. They have good analgesic properties, and it is used to relieve pain over long periods of time, for example, with rheumatic joint lesions.

Do not use during lactation, children under 18 years of age, people with severe diseases of the liver, kidneys, blood clotting disorders, with gastric or duodenal ulcers in the acute stage.

Of the side effects, coxibs can adversely affect cardiovascular system, which requires caution when prescribing this drug. It can not be used by yourself - you need to consult your doctor.

Produced under the trademarks:

Celecoxib
Etirocoxib (banned in the USA, in Germany it is used only after 16 years of age)
Parecoxib (not approved in the US and Switzerland)
Rofecoxib (a 2004 US study showed an increased risk of coronary heart disease with long-term use of this drug).

Nimesulide
Anesthetic drug, common in the market of the CIS countries. Data on its toxic properties vary significantly from side to side. Therefore, we recommend that you refrain from taking this pain reliever due to the ambiguous opinions of scientists and take safer analogues.

Remember that pain is just a symptom, and its relief will not help get rid of the disease. Therefore, do not self-medicate, contact in time the right specialists and take care of your health.

Read on Zozhnik:

Modern medicine has come up with cures for almost everything. There are painkillers for toothache, pain in the back, joints and muscles, pregnancy, menstruation. You can read about various drugs with different effects and price orientation in our article below.

For toothache

One of the most common types of pain is toothache. Of course, it is better to immediately consult a doctor, but sometimes there is no such possibility and then you need to effective medicine- Painkillers for toothache.

The most effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for toothache. The drug simultaneously has an anti-inflammatory effect and relieves pain for 6-7 hours. Perfect for getting through the night and going to the doctor.

Price: 34 rubles.

pros

long-term action;
relieves inflammation.

Minuses

contraindicated for use under 16 years of age and pregnant women.

Late in the evening, a tooth ached badly, it was too late to go to the doctor, my husband went to a night pharmacy and there they advised him to cheap pills. The remedy worked in half an hour, I was able to sleep and go to the doctor in the morning. Really good inexpensive medicine which I can recommend to everyone.