French bulldog breed standard. French Bulldog: characteristics, pros and cons of the breed Baby vs. bull

The ancestors of these dogs were excellent guards and took part in brutal dog fights. Rebellious character powerful jaws and a stern look - you won’t spoil such a pet! But soon European enthusiasts wanted to turn the fierce warrior into a good-natured and energetic companion. After several decades of selective breeding, a charming decorative dog appeared - the French bulldog.

Affectionate animal with large, locator-like, intelligent ears brown eyes and with its huge variety of colors it quickly won the love of people all over the planet.

	Training
	Mind
	Shedding
	Observational skills
	Security qualities
	Popularity
	Size
	Agility
	Attitude towards children

History of the breed

Historians unanimously believe that the ancestors of French bulldogs were four-legged fighters and hunters. But the origin of the breed is not so easy to determine. Reliable information There is no information about the ancestors of the charming little ones.

For a long time, England and France competed for the title of homeland of these little puffing beauties.

The English word “bulldog” (“bull”, “dog”) was used by residents of Foggy Albion to refer to dogs that participated in bull baiting. These fighting dogs are descended from the ancient Molossian Dogs, which came to Great Britain from ancient Athens.

Of course, Athenian emigrants were subjected to chaotic selection. Both noble people and poor people kept them, crossing them with a variety of local breeds. But still, in appearance the French and the first are old English bulldogs you can find a lot in common. For example, sculpted muscles and a shortened torso.

Baby vs bull

The descendants of the Athenian four-legged aliens decreased in size over time. But it was these creatures that were destined to become the most ferocious gladiator dogs. They entertained English nobles for centuries by driving large animals to death. Even miniature toy bulldogs weighing up to 20 pounds took part in the brutal games.

The bloody sport of bull-baiting was very popular among gambling aristocrats. The competition was traditionally held twice a week and became a national spectacle in England for many decades. The richest bought the bravest and most resilient dogs from their owners for huge sums of money.

But in 1802, Parliament banned these cruel entertainments. True, the decree did not apply to dog fighting - and the bulldogs went from the Coliseums to the rings. Oddly enough, the breed did not last long here. It turned out that in order to fight with their own kind, they needed mobility and flexibility, which four-legged bull fighters did not possess.

Instead of a cat

In the mid-19th century, dog fighting was also banned in England. This means that the bulldogs are left out of work. The same fate befell their owners. People in factories were replaced by machines and machines. Therefore, crowds of unemployed Englishmen decided to try their luck on the mainland. Some of them went to France, taking with them their beloved toy bulldogs.

This became an important turn in the history of the breed. In their new homeland, the ancestors of the “Frenchman” were found new job. It turned out that they are excellent at hunting rats. Since Europeans, who survived several centuries of the Inquisition, treated cats with superstitious fear, the rat-catching dogs that arrived from England came in very handy.

The four-legged "Englishmen" became very popular among the poor of France. London dealers made fortunes supplying these dogs to Paris and the surrounding area. Export completely eliminated the toy bulldog population in Foggy Albion. But the French, quite by accident, gave this breed a new look and a new life.

Spaniards and more

It is believed that it was in France that the toy bulldog became friends with his Spanish counterpart, Alan. This now extinct breed was popular in Iberian Peninsula in the Middle Ages. For some time, Spanish bulldogs were used to accompany and guard cattle. But then the four-legged shepherds changed their specialization and, like their English colleagues, turned into warriors.

The most popular center where bull driving competitions were held was the city of Burgos. Here dogs fought to the death, whose heads corresponded to the heads of modern French bulldogs.

But toys were actively crossed not only with Burgos dogs. The blood of terriers and pugs was also mixed in here. The result was a unique, compact dog with a short, snub-nosed muzzle and signature large, erect ears.

Mother for piglets

An adorable bulldog named Baby became famous for different time became a foster mother for kittens, rabbits and even a raccoon. A year ago she began to take care of six wild piglets. She keeps them warm and cares for them like puppies.

How to get into high society?

Already by 1870, appearance new breed fully formed. However, it did not immediately delight most Parisians. This dog continued to serve as a rat catcher and guard on the working outskirts of the city in the families of the poor, cab drivers and office workers.

French Bulldog He even managed to gain notoriety when Parisian girls fell in love with him prostitute. They were photographed on their advertising cards with these adorable dogs. It was thanks to such advertising that bulldogs found their way into high society.

The dog instantly became noble and respectable. It turned out that she not only has a pleasant appearance, but also a wonderful character. Prices for puppies have skyrocketed. Bohemians and the aristocracy paid sums equal to the cost of a new car for their favorites.

The fame of the French bulldog was strengthened by the famous socialite and Don Juan Leopold de Carneillon la Tour. He bought three dogs and often walked with them along the Champs Elysees. And he gave their puppies to rich women whose hearts he wanted to win.

The princess's favorite

Most famous dog pre-revolutionary Russia had a French bulldog Ortino - a pet Grand Duchess Romanova, daughter of the last Emperor of Russia, Nicholas 2nd. Alas, the devoted dog was shot along with royal family during the revolution. For a long time, the breed was banned in the USSR - it was considered a relic of imperialism.

Thank you King

The English King Edward the 7th was a famous connoisseur of good style and elegance. It was he who made the local nobility take a closer look at the merits of the French bulldog when he rode through the streets of Paris with him in his hands.

Return to Foggy Albion

In 1880, the first club for French bulldog lovers appeared in Paris. The famous breeder Marcel Roger became its president. Five years later, strange four-legged “Frenchies” appeared at exhibitions. True, they were demonstrated together with toy bulldogs. But already in 1898 the breed standard was approved.

In 1903, a large-scale dog exhibition was held in Paris, where as many as five dozen French bulldogs were presented. They were demonstrated as an independent breed. The public rejoiced!

But English breeders for a long time refused to accept the “French freak”, endowed with undesirable traits. Protruding ears, a wavy tail and a frog's face seemed unaesthetic to them. In addition, local dog handlers considered bulldogs a national treasure and could not tolerate such blasphemous selection of a toy bulldog.

Only in 1904 did nurseries for the breed appear in England. The breeders were forced to admit the charm of the “French dandy”, but tried to improve his appearance. For example, they managed to shorten the dog's tail.

French bulldog standard: weight, height, colors, breed description

The breed standard has changed many times. Latest version was adopted in 1995. According to this document, all French Bulldogs should weigh between 8 and 14 kg. Not so little for compact in stature up to 35 cm, right? This is explained by the fact that it is a very strong animal with a muscular back and hind limbs.

The front legs are shorter, so the dog with its body raised at the back looks slightly stooped.

Probably because of this feature, all French bulldogs love to lie with their hind legs stretched back. And the British jokingly call them frog dogs.

But the most remarkable thing about the breed is its square and wide head with a prominent, wrinkled forehead and an upturned short nose. French Bulldogs have prominent and large eyes. The look is lively, intelligent, good-natured. And the ears are very large with rounded tips. On the neck and under the throat there are folds traditional for bulldogs. And, of course, we should not forget about the huge variety of variegated colors: uniform, brindle or spotted. They range from brown to red-brown in color. But there are also white individuals. In general, such a prominent handsome man cannot be confused with anyone!

French bulldogs are one of the most beloved. Ideal for a city dog. He is one of the three most popular dogs in the world. The French Bulldog doesn't require a lot of space, they don't need it. The French are not athletes; they were not bred to become champions. Forget skeet-hopping Labradors. Due to the heavy upper part, they cannot float, resembling an anchor rather than a float.

Because of their characteristic wrinkled muzzle, French bulldogs are classified as short-headed dogs. This is what dogs with a short nose are called. Frenchies have a very short head relative to the length of the skull, often the result of an elongated or split palate. Short-headed dogs and dogs with flattened faces can have many health problems. This causes them to have loud and labored breathing. For this reason, the French Bulldog does not feel well and is not ready to frolic for hours. Special conditions breathing causes French Bulldogs to snore. The charming shape of the muzzle leads to another charming feature of the Frenchie: wrinkles.

These wrinkles are genetic in origin. During the breeding process, bulldogs developed these wrinkles to help drain blood from the eyes in case the dog was injured during a fight. Another required element- ears like bat. Originally, breeders favored droopy ears, but nowadays, all French Bulldogs have bat ears. Lastly, French Bulldogs have serious problems with playback.

Regular mating is not for them. The dog, named after the most romantic country in the world, does not use the standard canine position. Due to their heavy upperparts, narrow hips and weak legs, males cannot successfully mount a female. Therefore we have to resort to artificial insemination. But even more remarkable is that due to the larger head in relation to the body, during birth, puppies often cannot get out into the light, due to the fact that the passage is not wide enough. All this makes reproduction difficult and more expensive. For this, you can be sure that the birth of French bulldog puppies will be planned.

Dog and son

A white French bulldog became the hero of a Japanese blog. Young mother Aya Sakai has been filming the life of her son and his four-legged friend for months now. The story of this family in pictures is the best proof that the “French” love children.

Personality of the French Bulldog

As for character, in this matter French bulldogs are often compared with English ones. Let's dispel the myths: the temperament of the two breeds is very different. The four-legged “Englishmen” are reserved and calm. But the nimble and funny “French” love to play pranks and have fun from the heart. It’s not for nothing that they are called the most talented clowns among dogs. On the other hand, they are very patient and affectionate dogs that get along well even with small children. They will make wonderful companions for the whole family. They do not have a drop of anger or aggression, but this breed does not lack courage. A little one can fearlessly approach a strange dog and get to know each other. And he will chase the yard cats with passion.

However, you shouldn’t be afraid of pranks and disobedience. The French Bulldog is highly trainable. He will be a little stubborn, but you can negotiate with him if you turn the training into fun game. And to curb his hot temperament, you can train your pet to compete in an obstacle course.

Raising and caring for a French bulldog

But you shouldn’t overload your bulldog. physical exercise. Remember, dogs of this breed have a very short nose, which sometimes causes breathing difficulties. In addition, the specific structure respiratory system causes snoring during sleep and frequent snoring. And colds are not uncommon among the “French”. Be careful while walking! Take care of winter clothing for your pet, because short hair will not save him from the cold.

Make sure that your four-legged friend does not injure his bulging eyes. Also, keep your bulldog away from bodies of water. Representatives of the breed do not know how to swim at all - their massive head immediately pulls them to the bottom.

Remember that the strength in this fourteen-kilogram miracle is immeasurable. Therefore, under no circumstances should you trust small children to walk him. It's unlikely they'll be able to keep him. And, of course, do not overfeed your pet. Due to overeating, a muscular baby may well turn into a flabby fatty.

Otherwise, the French Bulldog will not cause you any trouble. It is great for keeping in apartments. You can take it with you on trips right in your bag. The dog will easily tolerate a change of environment and maintain a playful and restless disposition.

American palette

Breeders from the USA played a major role in breeding the breed. They followed their own standards and were able to develop varieties of French Bulldogs with cream, red and fawn colors.

Dogs that inspire

French bulldogs are often found in paintings from the 19th and 20th centuries. For example, there are known portraits of the great Russian singer Fyodor Chaliapin, Prince Yusupov, and the imperial family of Alexander 2nd, who are depicted with their beloved pets.

Today the breed pleases and inspires many stars. Among them are Leonardo DiCaprio, Mick Jagger, Malcolm McDowell, Sergei Zhigunov, Martha Stewart and many others. In addition, representatives of the breed have starred in many films, including Titanic, Armageddon, and Secondhand Lions.

Charming, good-natured and cheerful French bulldogs have given and will continue to give inspiration to their owners, charging people with optimism and joy. Invite this little funny-eared fellow into your home - and he will become your faithful muse in all your endeavors!

Price of puppies

The first question that is usually asked to a breeder when wanting to buy a French bulldog is: “How much does a puppy cost?”

Currently, the price of French Bulldog puppies varies from 10,000 to 30,000 rubles. This is the average level. Although the upper limit can be much higher. The cost is influenced by the presence of a pedigree, as well as titled parents.

Articles about the breed

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One of the main questions puppy owners ask is how big they will be. An adult French Bulldog should weigh from 8 to 15 kg depending on gender. Females are generally smaller than males and usually weigh between 8 and 12 kg. The Frenchie is located between small and medium dog breeds and can be classified as one or the other depending on size.

Weight calculation

First, an adult dog will typically weigh twice its weight at 4 months of age. Giant breeds double their 5 month weight.
And two, your puppy's weight at 8 weeks will be about a quarter (25%) of his adult weight.

French Bulldog puppy weight table by month

Factors influencing growth

Genetic factors have the greatest influence on the height and weight of a French Bulldog. The next most important factors are environmental factors - puppies that eat well and often breast milk in the first weeks of life they are likely to grow faster and become larger.

Proper diet for your puppy after weaning can also affect his growth rate. Puppies that don't get sufficient quantity food or are fed low-calorie foods, they may grow smaller. Overfeeding can cause bulldog obesity. Disorders and diseases can also affect its growth and final size.

Stages of growth

On average, French Bulldogs tend to grow to their final size and gain maximum height at the withers by 9-12 months. They then develop their muscles during the 2nd year of life and fully mature by the age of 2 years.

During the growing stage, puppies can become quite heavy, and then in the second year of life they become more slender and fit. Therefore, a one-year-old puppy may be slightly heavier than an adult dog.

Photo of a French bulldog puppy at 1 month (4 weeks)

Photo of a French bulldog puppy at 2 months

Photo of a French bulldog puppy at 3 months

Photo of a French bulldog puppy at 4 months

Photo of a French bulldog puppy at 5 months

A controversial dog is the French bulldog: on the one hand, his ancestors are a fierce fighter, an implacable opponent who fought not only with his relatives, but also with much larger enemies. On the other hand, he turned out to be an affectionate, devoted friend, capable of devoting himself completely to his adored owner. Big ears, smart big eyes, a variety of colors - all this allowed the French bulldog to become everyone's favorite.

It is still not entirely clear which country is the birthplace of the breed: England or France. Breeders from Foggy Albion claim that the “fraznets” was the result of a change in toy bulldogs, which are mini-copies of English bulldogs. “Frogs” claim that during breeding they used a rare, now extinct, breed - Spanish bulldogs. Experts from France say that only they are concerned with obtaining offspring from English and Spanish bulldogs.

On initial stages During the development of this dog breed, these dogs could only be found in the French suburbs among the owners of small shops. Girls with free morals really loved “frazzatsyat”. It was the acquaintance with the ladies of the demimonde that made it possible for the breed to reach new level– go to the living rooms of bohemians. The writing fraternity has always been associated with the aristocracy, so soon the dogs managed to move even higher up the “career” ladder - to get into the homes of politicians and nobles.

Interesting fact! For quite a long period of time, the French bulldog was a favorite of aristocrats, a kind of canine elite. This was especially true for England and America.

At the beginning of the 20th century, a puppy could be purchased for $750 (at that time, this money could buy a small apartment in a bad area or a good car). However, there were copies whose cost reached up to $5,000! The mafia's friends loved dogs of this breed very much.

The breed was brought to our country at the beginning of the 20th century. In Moscow and St. Petersburg they were especially valued as the most fashionable breed. At all exhibitions, French bulldogs were greeted like show business stars. As before in France, in our country creative people are very fond of bulldogs. It is known that Fyodor Chaliapin had two dogs of this breed, and Mayakovsky also had a dog, which added to his popularity with women.

It was not for nothing that breeders ate their bread at that time: their hard work significantly increased the number of French bulldogs around the world. From animals for the nobility, they became favorites for everyone. Nowadays, any family can buy such a puppy.

Purpose of the breed, appearance, photographs

The French Bulldog is a companion dog. She doesn't just love her owner - she lives for him. She needs to see the owner 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. She wants to “talk” with him, eat, sleep, walk.

French bulldogs adore children, they have no aggression, but also no fear, so they will be ideal companions for a child in mischief and games. Considering that this breed is insensitive to pain, it will not be afraid of a child’s “hugs.”

Characteristics and breed standard

The modern French bulldog, whose description allows us to imagine the cutest creature, is not a giant at all: his height is about 30-35 cm at the withers. The muzzle is short, the animal is muscular and strong. A distinctive feature of the breed is its tall big ears, forked upper lip, flat nose and protruding incisors.

Photo. French Bulldog

French bulldog in the photo

The coat color can be absolutely any, except black: white, white-fawn, brindle, cream, fawn. How much a French bulldog weighs depends on its appetite. Average, The weight of males is about 10-15 kg, females - 8-12.

The latest edition of the standard is valid from November 3, 2014.

Here are the characteristics of the articles of French bulldogs:

French bulldogs are very peaceful. They are moderately gentle and loyal. A dog with such a bright temperament will not allow the owner and his guests to get bored, since he feels great in a crowd of admirers. They care about attention and the opportunity to demonstrate charisma.

The pet is calm, although somewhat shocking. The psyche is stable - these animals do not know fear or panic. The dog is touchy, but if the owner takes a step forward, he is ready to forget about all disagreements.

The French Bulldog, whose character allows him to get along well in a family with children, is still more suitable for adults. The fact is that kids are rarely ready to constantly endure such an abundance of energy and emotions. In addition, the dog itself is not always polite with children, because it lacks patience.

“Frenchies” prefer to be the only pets, but if there are other animals in the house, they will get along with everyone. Despite their small size, bulldogs consider themselves responsible for the territory, which they jealously guard. They will definitely warn you if someone comes to the door.

Establishing contact and trusting relationships with a dog is very simple. Bulldogs love to spend as much time as possible next to their owner, fully justifying their purpose.

“Frenchies” are affectionate pets, loyal friends and cheerful companions.

Education and training

Even a first grader can do training. We are, of course, only talking about main teams: , “Ugh”, etc. – any animal needs to know these commands, and teaching them to a French bulldog is not at all difficult.

Training should begin from the day the puppy arrives at home. If you get an adult, untrained dog, don’t be upset - bulldogs are smart, so with some persistence, such an animal will learn everything it needs.

Raising a dog correctly is also not difficult. Of course It is advisable to begin theoretical preparation even before purchasing a puppy, but even without this you get well-mannered pet everyone can. The most important thing is to promptly correct behavioral deficiencies that appear in any animal.

With sufficient persistence of the owner, the bulldog will learn not to beg at the table, not to take food from strangers, not to bite the owner, and so on. Even a child of primary school age can raise a dog, but parents should monitor his efforts and be ready to help.

Rules of maintenance and care

The French Bulldog is an ideal pet for keeping in an apartment. He does not need space for living and walking; he is quite satisfied with a small bed near the owner.

It is important to remember that the bed cannot be placed near heating systems or in a draft. The surface should be fairly hard, spacious and clean. Despite all the love for a pet, it is unwise to place it in your or your child’s bedroom - due to the structural features of the nasopharynx, the animal snores heavily during sleep.

Walking with a bulldog can be of a calm nature - on the street the dog is not particularly active. You should not walk for a long time in hot or cold weather, since short fur does not protect the dog much. It’s better for her to buy clothes for the winter, and shoes for extreme cold.

It is advisable to walk the dog on uneven surfaces: sand, gravel, forest soil. Walking up stairs can damage a dog's spine, so it is better to climb the stairs with the dog in your arms. This is especially important for dogs under one year old, since their skeleton is not yet rigid enough.

Interesting! There is an opinion that there was a dog of this breed on board the Titanic. Witnesses claimed that after the sinking of the ship they saw a dog swimming towards the shore. This story is not so easy to believe, since this dog's legs are quite short and its head is too heavy. Most representatives of the breed cannot swim at all.

Care of the coat, paws and face

Caring for the “Frenchie” is quite simple. They need to be brushed once a week to remove dead hair. It is recommended to bathe your dog only if it is significantly dirty. It is not advisable to do this more than 2 times a year.

It is necessary to regularly trim the nails and ensure the cleanliness and integrity of the paw pads.

It is necessary to monitor the condition of your eyes and regularly wipe them with a damp cloth. It is important to wipe the folds on the face, where dirt and moisture accumulate, which can lead to infection. Wrinkles are wiped with cotton pads.

How to care for your ears

It is enough to clean your ears twice a month. When discharge appears, unpleasant odor, redness, swelling and swelling, you should immediately consult a doctor, as these symptoms may indicate.

A French Bulldog's ears should be erect, but you shouldn't worry about this until the dog is 3 months old. In some individuals with heavy, fleshy ears, this can happen by six months. However, even if the cartilages do not want to straighten, you can help them. For this you need: a bandage, a paper or medical plaster, cotton wool.

You should glue the ears like this:

• prepare two rolls of cotton wool, the width of which is about 5 cm, the length exceeds the length of the ears by 2 cm;
• wrap the rollers with a bandage so that they do not lose their shape;
• place the resulting “doll” vertically in the ear, and “wrap” it around the ear. Secure the resulting shape with adhesive tape.

When setting the ears, not only verticality is important, but also symmetry. If the ears are in different directions, the judge will consider this a defect.

Therefore, additional efforts are required:

• take two pieces of plaster, equal to length between ears + width of ears;
• wrap ribbons around the ears front and back, gluing them together in the middle.

This design must be left for 7-10 days. If after this the ears do not stand up, it is necessary to repeat the gluing. Most often, two times are enough. So as not to spoil ear cartilage dogs, you should not stroke its head or touch its ears.

Many new owners are interested in... Unanimous opinion Experts have no idea on this matter, but still most of the animals themselves vote for natural food. Of course, we are not talking about borscht and sausage: you need to feed your dog only food prepared for it.

When feeding "natural" you should most give the ration to meat. It could be lean lamb or beef. You can give boiled or raw meat, cut into small pieces. The poultry is given only boiled and only pitted. It is preferable to give a puppy scraper rather than minced meat. If you treat your pet with offal, it is better to boil or scald it. Only sea fish is allowed.

The diet should include buckwheat and rice porridge, the yolk of a boiled egg is given weekly. Carrots, cabbage, and pumpkin are good for dogs. Fruits should be given raw, avoiding citrus fruits and grapes.

Health, life expectancy and breed diseases

“Frenchies” are not the longest-living dogs: average duration life - 10-12 years.

In general, these are quite healthy and strong animals, but there are some medical problems, inherent in this breed:

The first vaccination is given at two months (Nobivak DHPPi + Nobivak Lepto). The second one is done a month later, the composition is the same. The third vaccination (against rabies) is given after all teeth have been replaced.

Every year your dog should be vaccinated against rabies, distemper and leptospirosis.

Buying a puppy: how to make the right choice

If you take a puppy from your hands, its price will be low, but there is a high probability of acquiring a defective breed or an animal that is not a purebred at all. Sometimes you can actually find good puppy for only 100 dollars. The average price in a nursery is $200-500. Show-class offspring from titled parents will cost from $1,000.

It is best to purchase a puppy from nurseries.

Moscow region:

• “Mini-crumbs” http://vs-marina.narod.ru/index.html;
• “From fawn bulldogs” http://frbull.com/frbull/home_rus.htm;
• “From Kuntsevo” http://iz-kuntsevo.narod.ru/news.htm.

Saint Petersburg:

• "Dashin's House" http://dashindom.ru/;
• "Amber Light" http://www.jantars.ru/news.

Novosibirsk:

As a rule, the entire period of development and formation of a dog is divided into several main stages, during each of which the animal acquires certain life experience.

The feeding process is accompanied by characteristic movements of the puppy's paws, as if pushing away the mother's belly, which helps him suck out more milk.

1st stage (initial)

In French Bulldog puppies, the initial development period lasts from the 1st to the 7th week of their life. Before reaching 2 weeks of age, the baby is practically helpless and completely dependent on the mother.

The main needs of a puppy at this age are food intake (mother's milk), long sleep and staying warm all the time. The sucking reflex is given to the dog from birth, which allows the baby to quickly find the mother’s nipple, hold it for a certain time and actively suck milk.

By how energetically a puppy sucks its mother's milk, dog breeders determine its potential vitality, nature and degree of activity.

From about the 15th day of life, a bulldog puppy begins to develop visual and auditory perception of the surrounding world. Three-week-old bulldogs can already walk independently, maintaining balance, and also consume liquid food as a supplement to mother's milk. At this age, babies still retain certain dependence from the mother, but do not yet have a social connection with their brothers.

Stage 2 (adaptation)

The puppy adapts to environmental conditions during the first month of life. At this time, the baby is gradually mastering a new world for him. Playing with his mother and other puppies, the little bulldog learns the basics of relationships with his own kind and learns discipline.

In the first weeks of life, the puppy's behavior is based mainly on innate instincts which he inherited from his mother. Further, the formation of the dog’s character and habits will largely depend on you.

This period is very important for the development of basic conditioned reflexes, because 4-7 week old puppies are very susceptible to all changes in the world around them and they already have a pronounced ability to acquire certain skills.

During the period of adaptation to the environment, it is necessary to carefully observe the behavior of children, noting the most striking manifestations of their character. Adaptation to external environment is achieved by puppies through auditory, visual, tactile and olfactory contacts with the objects around them.

At this time, the puppy gradually adapts to its mother. The reflex he acquired - to always follow her - will later manifest itself in the owner’s house: the puppy will very quickly get used to following a person. Lethargic, inactive puppies do not adapt well to environmental conditions, and subsequently it will not be easy for them to establish contact with people and relatives.

By the way, sniffing a person is a unique way for a puppy to get to know him. A dog can remember a lot of things by smell. different people. The number of new acquaintances the puppy makes will determine his future communication abilities.

Between 4 and 8 weeks of age, bulldog babies do not yet experience fear of strangers, and puppies older than 8 weeks are usually afraid of strangers and hide when meeting them. Therefore, when taking a puppy into the house, the owner must first of all pay attention to his pet’s communication with other people. If this is not done, the dog may grow up either too timid or, on the contrary, too aggressive towards others.

Do not deprive your bulldog of communication with your close friends, relatives, neighbors: remember that your dog’s sociability is the key to its successful upbringing and training.

At 4–6 weeks of age, the puppy is given a nickname, which is chosen at the request of the owner. It may not coincide with the nickname that was assigned to the puppy at the time of its registration in the stud book.

The name of a French bulldog must contain the following vowels - such as A, I, E and Yu. And in no case should the dog's name repeat any human name (Maxim, Sasha, Misha, Olya). As a last resort, names that are rare or not used in our country are acceptable.

Keep in mind that the dog's name should consist of a small number of syllables. The more there are, the longer the bulldog will get used to its name. The nickname must be clearly pronounced, so try to include the following letters: N, L, R, CH, B, V and D. The letters S, W, K, G, P and T are not recommended.

The nickname very quickly becomes an important part of the French Bulldog's personality. That’s why start teaching your puppy to respond to her as quickly as possible. Remember, the longer the name, the more difficult it is for the dog to remember it.

As soon as you bring the puppy home, let him know that he now has his own given name, which should be responded to. Try to plan the training process so that the dog associates the name with something pleasant, such as food or a walk.

Stage 3 (socialization)

The puppy's socialization stage is the period of its active acquaintance with the outside world. This stage occurs between 8 and 12 weeks of age. At this age, bulldog puppies are very active and curious. Babies treat other living beings with friendly curiosity. They sniff their new acquaintances, and the loud yelping or barking of an animal is just common reaction on an unfamiliar subject.

The puppy is very interested in various sounds: voices coming from a TV or radio, noise arising from the operation of household appliances, phone calls and other sounds. During this period, your pet gets acquainted with many new phenomena and things: furniture in the apartment, flowers and trees on the street, birds outside the window, perhaps some animals that are in your house (cat, hamster).

French bulldog puppies are very inquisitive

At the age of 8–12 weeks, puppies have increased excitability and an unstable psyche. During this period, they simply need the attentive, sensitive and caring attitude of the owner towards them. We must remember that stressful situations may occur in a puppy not only as a result of overwork, but also, for example, during therapeutic and preventive manipulations, vaccination at the veterinarian, etc. Therefore, when going to the veterinary clinic, take some treat with you to distract your puppy’s attention from procedures that frighten him.

The period of socialization is considered the most suitable for mastering the basics of training. Raising a bulldog begins with the simplest thing - teaching it to be handled. That is, the puppy (and subsequently an adult dog) must allow himself to be calmly picked up, his teeth and ears examined, turned over, placed on the table and on the floor in a stand, and allowed to be done with everything that the owner considers necessary. You should accustom your puppy to such restraint from the first days of his arrival in the house. Believe me: this will make it easier for you to care for him in the future.

At this time, you should also begin teaching your puppy general commands and actively discipline him. At this time, the baby must successfully carry out such commands from the owner as “Place!”, “Walk!” and “Come to me!”, and by the beginning of the 4th month of life, master more complex tasks. Now he can cope with the implementation of those orders and prohibitions of the owner, which are expressed by the commands “Lie down!”, “Sit!”, “Ugh!”, “No!”.

When raising a dog, you need to follow the well-known rule that any extremes are harmful. The owner's boundless love, as well as his excessive severity in communicating with his pet, will not help raise a good dog.

If you handle your bulldog skillfully and patiently, he will become a good and obedient student.

It is very important from the first days of communication with a puppy to let him understand that he must always obey his owner, and try to develop this skill in him even during play. The French Bulldog's charming appearance and good-natured nature often lead to these dogs being overly pampered from childhood. Punishment in this case does not bring much distress to the puppy, and he may become capricious and willful.

Here we must definitely talk about aggressiveness, which can still be present in the behavior of a small puppy and which is often not taken seriously. And this is fundamentally wrong.

The bulldog puppy must be decisively shown from the very beginning that there is subordination in relations with a person. It often happens that the owners only laugh if the puppy growls or tries to bite. Therefore, it may be impossible to distinguish congenital aggressiveness from improper upbringing in an adult dog.

During the period of socialization of your pet, try to accustom him to establishing friendly contacts with other dogs that the owners walk at the same time as you. By enjoying communication with its own kind, the dog grows more balanced, and there are much fewer problems during training.

The French Bulldog is a breed whose breeding and development involved a great deal of work and experience of many people. Take bringing a puppy into your home seriously. Take care of the breed, raise, educate and care for the dog every day, and not from time to time.

It would be useful to remind the puppy’s owner that before the baby reaches 2 months of age, it is inappropriate and even harmful to start training with him, because during training the dog’s psyche is subjected to enormous stress, which can lead to stress.

Stage 4 (dominance)

This stage in the life of puppies occurs around the 12th to 16th week of life, when the struggle for leadership begins between dogs of the same age. The main thing that should happen during this period in the puppy’s psyche is recognition of its owner as a dominant personality, and other family members should also be of higher rank. Otherwise, the dog will pretend to be the leader, and the owner must always remain such.

Practice shows that there are three possible types of relationships between the owner and the dog, which are intensively formed when the puppy reaches 3–4 months of age. In the first case, leadership belongs to the person, in the second - to the bulldog, and in the third, a certain equality of rights is established between them.

At the first opportunity, a growing bulldog will definitely check who is in charge in the family. While playing, he can bite his owner, growl or bark at him. But, each time receiving a worthy rebuff, the puppy begins to recognize the dominant role of the person and learns to obey the owner.

If you want to raise your dog according to all the rules, your personal leadership should be the only acceptable option for you. Therefore, during games and walks, always pay attention Special attention the dog's behavior towards you. Contain your pet's curiosity and emotionality, not allowing him to pull you in one direction or the other. Use the “No!” commands. and “Ew!”, lightly slapping the dog on the thigh; Over time, she will learn that it is unacceptable to behave as she pleases with you. Right well behaved dog will never bark at the owner, much less bare his teeth and growl at him during play.

Thus, at the dominance stage, a closer psychological contact is established between the dog and its owner. Three month old bulldog proper education fully recognizes the rights of its owner.

During the period of dominance, the puppy already needs systematic training, during which the owner practices the commands “Come to me!”, “Stand!”, “Sit!”, “Lie down!” with him. Physical and mental stress at this age can gradually increase. For a 13-week-old bulldog, you should already purchase a collar and walk him on a leash.

The faster the dog recognizes the leadership of the owner, the more successful the training results will be, and communication with the animal will give you great pleasure.

It is necessary to take into account that by the age of 16 weeks, French bulldogs (especially males) have already completed the formation of their emotional perception of the world around them, and therefore certain skills and attitudes received from you by this time will remain with your dog for life.

5th stage (independence)

This stage of a dog’s psychophysiological development lasts from 4 months to 8 months of age. This is exactly the period when your pet, generally recognizing the leadership of the owner, can allow itself some liberties, trying to demonstrate its independence to the person and thereby showing individuality and realizing the desire for self-affirmation (this is characteristic not only of people, but also of dogs). How can this independence of your bulldog be expressed, which he will not fail to prove to you at the first opportunity?

Most likely, you will be disappointed to watch how your beloved dog, who just yesterday perfectly carried out this or that command, this time seems to not hear it at all and, in defiance, does not at all what is required of it.

In such a situation, you cannot relax and give your pet a chance to become the master of the situation, at least for a while. If you see that your bulldog is being willful, persistently ignoring the tasks received from you, do not follow his lead and persistently demand obedience and complete submission from the dog. Otherwise, your ward will develop an incorrigible habit of doing as he pleases.

Keep in mind that by demonstrating such behavior, the bulldog is trying to win for himself the right to do as he wishes, which, of course, is completely unacceptable for you.

Remember that if you do not pay due attention to the manifestations of its independence, the dog will begin to demonstrate willfulness in any situation, and in the future you will periodically be deprived of the opportunity to manage it and control its behavior.

At the same time, you should not bring down your anger on him and, using brute force, repeat the command in a threatening tone, wanting to achieve its correct execution at all costs. Build your dog's habit of obeying your commands differently: just don't let your bulldog off the leash until you are sure that your pet is perfectly doing everything you want from him.

An owner who indulges the whims and caprices of his dog risks in the future getting an uncontrollable and aggressive animal, loudly barking at every passing car or random passers-by. By showing firmness and persistence in dealing with your ward, you will be able to help him successfully overcome the period of independence and develop the constant habit of strictly following all your commands.

Stage 6 (overcoming fear)

This stage is characterized by the fact that your pet suddenly, without special reasons experiences fear of various objects that are already familiar to him and have not previously caused him any negative emotions. At the same time, there is also a fear of new, unfamiliar objects. Help your dog overcome his fears this kind the owner must.

This period can last for 1–2 months. It starts depending on individual characteristics development of the dog, from 6 to 14 months of age.

You should give the dog the command “Stop!”, then approach the object that causes unreasonable fear in your dog. four-legged friend, and touch the thing that frightens him with his hand. After this, having commanded “Come to me!”, you must wait until your pet also approaches an object that is not at all scary for you (you have already clearly demonstrated this), and makes sure for yourself that this thing does not pose any danger. Behave calmly and confidently, and this condition will immediately be transmitted to your dog.

7th stage (adolescent age)

This stage begins when the bulldog reaches one year of age and continues for 3 years. The dog, as in the period of independence, can make attempts to impose its will on the owner and take a dominant position in the family, as well as among its relatives.

During this period of time, the dog may behave inappropriately even with those to whom it had previously been very friendly and calm. For example, it is capable, completely unexpectedly for its owner, of attacking a fellow tribesman living next door and fighting with him, despite the fact that before both dogs were very friendly with each other and even played together. Friends who come to visit you may also be greeted with a menacing growl or loud barking right on the doorstep, although previously your “Frenchman” treated the same visitors quite friendly.

If your dog is acting too aggressively and you are unable to control it, you will need advice. experienced dog handler: a specialist will help change the situation for the better.

The main thing that is required of the owner during this period is not to lose self-control, perseverance and firmness, but at the same time maintain a good relationship with his stubborn four-legged dog.

Let's assume that some acquaintances come to visit you, to whose visits your pet has long been accustomed, but lately he has clearly not shown them his cordiality. In such a situation, you should not, however, isolate the dog from the people who come to you by locking it in another room. In this case, it is recommended to command the bulldog: “Place!” and give him the opportunity to remain among the arriving guests and feel like a full member of this company. At the same time, warn your friends so that they themselves do not seek to communicate with the dog: let it show its interest in those who come first. In this way, you demonstrate to your pet that you are in complete solidarity with your guests, that you are on their side and they demand respect no less than you do.

Transitional age The dog is also in the period of reaching puberty. However, this does not mean at all that the process of physical and mental development your bulldog is already completed. Training sessions must remain regular; there is no need to give the dog the opportunity to present its own demands to the owner regarding its rights and responsibilities.

The French bulldog has a number of innate and acquired character traits that are finally formed only by the age of 3 (as a rule, these are instincts associated with the dog’s ability to protect its owner and his property).

• Other possible breed names: Bouledogue Francais, Small French Mastiff.
• Adult dog height: 30-32 centimeters at the withers.
• Weight French bulldog: from 6 to 14 kilograms.
• Characteristic color French bulldogs: brindle, white, spotted and fawn.
• Wool length: short and smooth.
• How long do they live? French bulldogs: 11-13 years.
• Advantages of the breed: sociable, likes to be in the company of people.
• Difficulties of the breed: stubbornness.
• average price for a French bulldog: 300-400 dollars.

The French Bulldog belongs to the group of Great Dane dogs. His distinctive features are a cheerful disposition, an easy-going character and a sense of humor. French Bulldogs are known for their kindness, attentiveness and patience.

Ancestors of the French Bulldog- English bulldogs. They especially inherited their structure from English bulldogs.

The most popular theory of the origin of the breed- migration of workers to France during the industrial revolution, along with whom English bulldogs got there.

Name independent breed French bulldogs began to claim at the end of the 19th century. At first, its owners were mainly workers and prostitutes, which is why the breed did not have the best reputation. However, at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, French bulldogs became popular among aristocrats, artists and artists. In 1903 there was The first French bulldog show was held, in which 51 representatives of this breed took part.

Since then and to this day, French bulldogs have been popular breed , which is appreciated by dog ​​lovers.

What is the purpose and character of the French Bulldog?

The main purpose of this breed is companion dog, for protection and for the soul.

French bulldogs love children very much, they have no anger or aggression at all, but, at the same time, they are fearless. They are distinguished by devotion and affection both to the owner and to his family.

Such a dog can be kept perfectly in not the largest city apartment, as French bulldogs love to be at home, bark a little and do not interfere.

As mentioned above, French Bulldogs are known for their kindness, loyalty, and lack of aggression. They love their owner very much, will never bother you and can calmly wait until you pay attention to them. Known for their displays of laziness. There is no need to be afraid of French bulldogs, they are very kind.

Video review of the breed

To make it clearer what it is this breed, you can watch this video. It will show breed and character characteristics French bulldog. What does he look like, what is unusual and unique about his appearance and behavior.

How to choose a French bulldog puppy

You cannot take a puppy into your home until he is 45 days old. Before this, he must already be examined by a veterinarian and branded.

The best thing buy a puppy from a kennel, and it is advisable to explore several options at once.

During the first conversation you need to ask the breeder, who the puppy’s parents were, how and what they fed him, kept him, and looked after him. It is also worth asking about the behavior and character of a particular individual.

You cannot pet or pick up the puppies yourself; to do this you need to obtain permission from the breeder.

Concerning appearance , then a healthy puppy will have shiny coat, not bloated belly, clean skin and a small layer of fat.

• The puppy's eyes should be the same color, without odor or discharge. The nose should be black (up to 3-5 months in spotted-colored dogs, an uncolored nose is acceptable).
• Mucous membrane oral cavity should be pink.
• The teeth should be straight and the bite should be strong.
• The paws should be straight, and the movements should be coordinated and not stiff.

As for behavior, then healthy puppies must be active, cheerful and very sociable.

If you want to adopt not a puppy, but already adult dog , then this can be done, although there will be more problems than with a baby. An adult dog will already have the habits and lifestyle of its previous owner, so you must have the patience to retrain it. In the very first minutes after the meeting, it will be clear whether you can get along together based on the dog’s behavior and its attitude towards you.

Choosing a nickname for any dog ​​is a very exciting process. The French bulldog is no exception. Most the best choice - this is a nickname that has at least an indirect connection with his homeland - France.

It is best if the nickname is sonorous and consists of only a few syllables. You shouldn't give any absurd names. When choosing a foreign name, you need to be sure that you know its meaning.

For boys it is best to choose nicknames that overlap with male French names or titles: Voltaire, Napoleon, Dumas, Francois, Chuck, etc.

For girls the situation is similar. Common names: Petra, Bonnie, Aurora, Eliza, etc.

This breed is known for its quite easy to care for. Bulldogs' coats require weekly brushing. Bathing is enough once a month. Bathing more often can actually cause damage, causing itching, dry skin and dandruff. Paw care includes trimming nails and checking for cracked pads.

What you need to take care of regularly is fold on the muzzle. The fact is that dirt and moisture constantly accumulate between the skin, which can serve as a source of infection. It is necessary to regularly wipe the fold with a cotton pad.

The ears also need to be looked after and cleaned regularly. If you suddenly notice swelling, redness or discharge in the ear cavity, contact your veterinarian immediately. Eyes should also be wiped down regularly.

The peculiarity of French bulldogs is that they can live perfectly in an apartment, and they no frequent walks required.

Nutrition for French Bulldogs

The puppy's food bowl should be located approximately near the middle of the chest. You should provide your puppy with two bowls: one for water and one for food. The best way to feed your French Bulldog is 4-6 times a day, and an adult dog about 2-3 times a day. It is advisable to train your dog to eat at a certain time.

What to feed your French Bulldog? You can feed them dry food, meat, offal, bones and fish. In addition, you can occasionally give cereals, eggs, dairy products, bread and vegetables.

As for, the complexity of upbringing can be assessed as below average. Thanks to the kindness of character, French bulldogs You can even trust children aged 6 to 8 years.

When educating you should take into account stubbornness of this breed, so you need to be prepared that you won’t be able to get your French bulldog to obey you right away and quickly. If your pet starts to be stubborn, then you don’t need to interrupt the training, you just need to better let him understand what exactly you want from him.

The best way to train French bulldog training is a contrasting method, that is, reward and punishment.

Start training follows from the simplest commands, such as: lie down, sit, next to you, etc. The main rule is constant repetition. For obedience, do not forget to reward your pet with treats, games, walking, etc.

Advantages and disadvantages of the breed

Advantages:

• can be kept even in a small apartment;
• rarely barks;
• short hair;
• no need to dock ears and tail;
• not aggressive, but fearless;

• loves children very much;
• playful and active;
• not conflicting;
• does not smell like “dog meat”;
• smart.