Cervical cystitis of the bladder. Cervical cystitis

Cervical cystitis is a disease that is an inflammation of the cervix Bladder. This pathology affects women and men and is accompanied by discomfort and other unpleasant phenomena, for example, urinary incontinence. To understand the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease, to find out the symptoms of cervical cystitis, as well as the features of its diagnosis and treatment, it is necessary to consider the anatomy of the bladder.

Anatomical features of the bladder

The bladder is a hollow muscular organ that is located in the pelvic cavity. Its structure is the same in males and females. The bladder has the shape of an egg with a narrowed part in the form of a neck in the area of the urethral outlet. This place is called the vesical triangle because it looks like this geometric figure, formed by two ureters on the sides and the urethra below. The neck is located at the bottom of the bladder and continues into urethra.

The bladder consists of three muscle layers: circular, longitudinal and transverse, which ensure the function of holding urine and draining it. The middle circular layer is considered the most developed, especially at the junction of the bladder neck and the urethra. In this place there is a sphincter or organ constrictor, which is a muscle sphincter that controls the above functions.

The structure of the mucous membrane of the bladder also has a number of features. When the organ is empty, the mucous membrane is collected in folds, and when it is filled, the folds gradually straighten and the mucous membrane becomes smooth. But there is one place where folds are always absent - this is the area of the bladder triangle. With the development of inflammation in this area, the disease trigonitis occurs, a type of which is cervical cystitis. This pathology affects the lower part of the cystic triangle.

Note! With cervical cystitis, inflammation spreads to the internal and external sphincters, which leads to disruption of their work, causing characteristic symptoms diseases: pain and urinary incontinence. Pain with this pathology intensifies during sexual intercourse, which leads to refusal of sexual life.

How does cervical cystitis develop?

The causative agents of cervical cystitis - bacteria, viruses, fungi - penetrate the bladder:

descending from the kidneys with pyelonephritis,
upward path from the genitals or rectum,
hematogenously from other infected organs,
With external environment when doing some medical manipulations on the bladder.

Provoking factors of the disease: hypothermia, decreased immunity, anal or oral sexual contact.

Symptoms of the disease

The main symptom of cervical cystitis is discomfort in the lower abdomen

Cervical cystitis is always accompanied by inflammation of the bottom of the bladder and involvement in inflammatory process sphincters that regulate urine output. This leads to disruption of the act of urination. Normally, the muscles of the bladder triangle contract by force of will when the bladder is filled, but with the development of inflammation, control over them is lost and urinary incontinence occurs.

The main symptoms of cervical cystitis of the bladder are the following:

Pain and discomfort arising in the lower abdomen, often in the pubic area, and in the perineum. Severe discomfort, burning and stinging accompany the act of urination. The intensity of pain varies from mild discomfort to excruciating, pronounced.
The desire to urinate occurs more and more often, approximately every five minutes, and the portion of urine gradually decreases. This is due to the fact that the bladder does not have time to fill. These symptoms prevent you from sleeping well at night. Sometimes false urges occur, in which there is a desire to urinate, but urination does not occur.
The urine becomes cloudy and has an unpleasant odor. A general urine test determines increased content leukocytes, pyuria, sometimes erythrocytes.

Specific symptoms of cervical cystitis are always accompanied by general ones: weakness, malaise, lethargy, increased body temperature. Acute period lasts about a week and then subsides.

Timely treatment of cervical cystitis helps to avoid the transition of the acute form of the disease to the chronic form, in which symptoms periodically return and disrupt the calm rhythm of life.

Features of chronic cervical cystitis

The anatomical structure of the male and female genital organs is very different, which determines the characteristics of the course of the disease: for men, an acute process is more typical, and for women, a chronic one. Chronic inflammation in women it is explained by stagnation of blood in the pelvis in the absence of sexual discharge, prolapse of the vaginal walls or bending of the uterus.

With regular untimely emptying of the bladder, its walls are weakened and pathogenic bacteria settle on them, which leads to the development of bladder inflammation.

Chronic cervical cystitis is characterized by more mild symptoms. At the same time, patients delay their visit to the doctor, which creates a certain danger and can lead to the development of complications. A critical point in the course of chronic cystitis is urinary incontinence. Other symptoms during the period of remission are usually absent, and urinalysis remains normal.

Exacerbation of a chronic process does not threaten the patient’s life, but makes it very painful.

Attention! Symptoms of cervical cystitis - pain, uncontrolled urination, poor quality sex life or her complete absence. Such symptoms often lead to serious social maladjustment.

Diagnose chronic cystitis only possible with cystoscopy. This method allows you to identify changes in the mucous membrane of the bladder triangle. The nature of these changes indicates a type of chronic inflammation. Cystitis can be catarrhal, necrotic, ulcerative, polypous, cystic.

Complications that occur if cervical cystitis is not treated:

reflux of urine from the bladder into the ureters,
kidney inflammation.

Treatment

Treatment of cervical cystitis is the same as usual and consists of the following recommendations:

in case of exacerbation - bed rest,
a diet excluding spicy, salty, smoked and fried foods that irritate the bladder mucosa,
the volume of liquid drunk per day is at least two liters,
wearing comfortable underwear made of natural material,
antibacterial therapy with determination of the pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics,
anti-inflammatory therapy,
drugs that stimulate blood circulation in the pelvic area,
vitamins,
immunomodulators,
physiotherapy,
physiotherapy.

Antimicrobial agents used to treat cervical cystitis: monural, ciprofloxacin, furazidin, nolicin, suprax.

Herbal preparations with bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, sedative, diuretic effects: canephron, cystone, phytolysin.

For the treatment of cervical and cervical cystitis, local administration is used medicines- instillation with collargol, sea buckthorn oil, miramistin. Local treatment also includes the use of anti-inflammatory suppositories, for example, Voltaren. Local procedures restore the bladder mucosa, relieve inflammation and pain symptoms.

Detrusitol is a drug prescribed for urinary incontinence. It relieves tension from the muscular sphincters of the bladder.

Vitamins and immunomodulators used for this pathology: complivit, uro-vax. They should be taken long-term, even if the symptoms of the disease have long disappeared.

Bladder diseases occur with rather unpleasant symptoms. In the vast majority of cases, they develop in women, which is facilitated by the anatomical features of the female genitourinary system. For example, women often experience cervical cystitis - a common pathology, the causes, manifestations and symptoms of which will be discussed below.

Cervical cystitis

Cystitis, or inflammation of the bladder walls, is one of the most common diseases in urology. Cervical cystitis is considered one of its varieties. To understand exactly where inflammation is localized in cervical cystitis, you need to familiarize yourself with the structure of this part of the urinary system.

The bladder is a hollow, sac-like organ formed by muscle tissue and mucous membranes. It is intended to “store” urine until the moment of urination, which occurs with the participation of the urethra ( urinary canal). At the junction with the urethra, the bladder is small - it narrows, and this narrow junction is called the neck.

The bladder neck is surrounded by a strong double circular muscle, which represents the internal and external sphincters. They are responsible for the process of urine secretion and its cessation by relaxation and contraction. It is these sphincters on one or both sides that become inflamed with cervical cystitis.

Because of inflammatory lesion sphincters with this type cystitis, an unpleasant symptom appears - leakage of urine, because muscle cannot fully exercise its functions. In severe cases, urinary incontinence may even occur.

Another name for cervical cystitis is trigonitis, since inflammation exclusively in the cervix is rarely observed. Typically, the inflammatory process spreads to the entire bladder triangle - the area of the neck and bottom of the bladder. In women and girls, the pathology occurs more often, in men and boys - in rare cases.

Healthy and inflamed bladder

Kinds

Cystitis can be acute or chronic. The first occurs against the background of an acute inflammatory process and produces strong, severe symptoms. Chronic cervical cystitis becomes the outcome of an untreated acute form or occurs for other reasons, periodically worsens, and the rest of the time is in remission.

Cystitis in the vast majority of cases is infectious. In some situations, non-infectious cystitis caused by other etiological factors(traumatic, radiation, chemical, allergic).

Depending on the form of damage to the bladder neck, the disease can be:

Catarrhal.
Purulent.
Ulcerative.
Hemorrhagic.
Gangrenous.
Granulomatous.
Cystic.
Polypous.

Causes

The cause of infectious cystitis is infection of the bladder neck area with pathogenic bacteria, and less commonly with protozoa and fungi. In women, microbes enter internally, mainly through the ascending route - from the rectum and genitals. Descending Path infection also occurs, although less frequently, when pathogens enter the bladder from the kidneys during pyelonephritis.

The infection can be acquired during surgery or during medical or diagnostic procedures. Occasionally, it enters the bloodstream from distant organs where there is a focus of acute or chronic infection.

Of course, not everyone develops cystitis even in the presence of infectious particles.

There are a number of factors that contribute to the appearance of cervical cystitis - these are:

Decreased immunity, immune diseases.
Regular hypothermia or severe freezing of the body.
Oral sex.
Anal intercourse followed by vaginal intercourse.
Frequent change of partners.
Lack of personal hygiene, especially during menstruation.
Passive lifestyle.
Anomalies in the structure of the genitourinary system.
Pregnancy.
Hormonal imbalances.

Traumatic cystitis most often develops after operations on the urethra, bladder, and also after endoscopic studies, infusion of medications into the bladder. Specific forms Infectious cystitis can occur against the background of tuberculosis, gonorrhea, and syphilis. In women, they contribute to the transition of the disease to chronic form and its regular exacerbations of diseases such as urethritis, colpitis, vulvitis.

Non-infectious cervical cystitis can develop in diabetes mellitus, after radiation therapy, poisoning, alcohol abuse, spicy food. During menopause, cystitis occurs against the background of decreased estrogen production, which negatively affects the condition of the bladder. Fungal cystitis accompanies thrush after taking antibiotics, using unsterile instruments, with long-term use of corticosteroids, etc.

Ways bacteria enter the urethra

Symptoms

An acute inflammatory process causes disruption of the muscles that form the sphincters. If healthy person Its work is easily controlled, but during inflammation such control is lost. Therefore, even with a small accumulation of urine in the bladder, it can begin to leak, and incontinence develops. It leads to unpleasant consequences- to the point of giving up social life, falling into a depressive state.

Others possible symptoms cervical cystitis during exacerbation:

Frequent urge to urinate, literally every 10-20 minutes.
Increased urge at night.
Insomnia, sleep disorders.
Urine coming out drop by drop.
Pain, burning when urinating.
Pain at rest in the pubic and perineal area.
Gain pain syndrome during sex.
Itching in the urethra.
Turbidity of urine, appearance of flakes, unpleasant odor, pus, blood.
Discharge of a small amount of blood at the end of urination.

Acute cystitis is often accompanied by general violations– fever, weakness, headache, fatigue. Usually it lasts no more than a week, after which its symptoms subside, but without proper treatment the disease becomes chronic.

The signs of chronic cystitis are vague and may not manifest themselves for a long time. But at the slightest hypothermia or after suffering from acute respiratory viral infections, typical symptoms exacerbations described above.

Complications of cervical cystitis can include:

Chronicity of cystitis and its severe forms(purulent, gangrenous, ulcerative).
Development .
Leukoplakia of the bladder.
Diffuse cystitis.
Empyema of the bladder.

Diagnostics

In the diagnosis of cystitis important role is given laboratory tests. General analysis urine shows an inflammatory process with an increase in the number of leukocytes, the presence of casts, red blood cells, epithelial cells. The color of the urine becomes darker and it loses its transparency. In the acute form of cervical cystitis, inflammation will also be noticeable in a blood test ( increase in ESR and leukocytosis, possibly neutrophilia). To identify the pathogen, urine culture is performed.

To record changes in the walls of the bladder and accurately make a diagnosis, the following techniques may be needed:

Cystoscopy.
X-ray of the bladder or CT scan with contrast.
Biopsy.

Treatment

The goals are to destroy the pathogen or stop the influence of pathogenic factors, reduce the symptoms of cystitis, prevent it from becoming chronic, and increase local and general immunity.

Common treatment measures are:

Bed or semi-bed rest.
Strengthening the water regime.
Refusal of physical activity.
Full sleep.

Drug therapy

Antibiotics are the main drugs for treating this form of the disease. Usually, special drugs are prescribed that have proven themselves in the treatment of pathologies of the urinary system. Popular among them are Monural, Nolitsin, Cefixime, Normax, Norfloxacin. At the same time, uroantiseptics are prescribed that work directly in the bladder and quickly relieve inflammation - Furomag, 5-NOK.

Other methods drug treatment for cystitis:

Rinsing, infusion (instillation) of antiseptics into the bladder - Collargol, Miramistin, Chlorhexidine, for chronic cystitis - instillation of sea buckthorn oil.
Taking medications for urinary incontinence (normalize muscle tone) - Detrusitol.
Taking local immunomodulators - Urovax.
Using antispasmodics to reduce pain - Papaverine, No-shpa.
Application herbal preparations long-term course - Canephron, Cyston, as well as vitamins.

For chronic cystitis, electrophoresis procedures with different drugs, medicinal baths, exercise therapy complexes.

Diet

In case of exacerbation of the disease, preference should be given to a dairy-vegetable diet. You need to eat a lot of fiber to cleanse your intestines on time. Abundant water consumption herbal infusions(up to 2 liters) will help you get rid of infectious process. Lingonberry and cranberry juice, decoction of dill, fennel.

You should avoid strong tea, coffee, soda and alcohol. It will also increase bladder irritation and unpleasant symptoms dishes with spices, spicy food, food with vinegar, sour fruits, spicy vegetables, citrus fruits, salty, fried, smoked. It is recommended to follow this diet until the signs of the disease completely stop.

Traditional methods

Can be used with doctor's permission folk recipes as an addition to the main therapy. For example, infuse 20 g of poplar buds in a glass of vodka for a week, drink 20 drops three times a day for 21 days for chronic cystitis. You can also prepare a collection (take a teaspoon of bearberry herb, thuja shoots, hernia herb, birch buds), brew a tablespoon of the collection with a glass of water, leave for an hour. Drink 100 ml three times a day for 10 days.

Prevention

To prevent illness, it is important to drink more, maintain hygiene, not wear synthetic underwear, and not get too cold. Sexual contacts should be protected, especially with a new partner. A good way to prevent cystitis is to increase your immunity, proper nutrition, timely disposal of foci of infection and gastrointestinal diseases. Whenever acute cystitis it must be treated strictly according to the doctor’s prescription and following full course therapy!
In the video about the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of cystitis:

Cystitis is a common problem among women. Some signs of inflammation in the bladder are found in at least 10% of the population. This disease, although considered by many to be quite banal, can cause considerable suffering and limit active life. As a rule, there are diffuse forms pathology, when the entire mucous membrane of the bladder is affected, but cervical cystitis also often occurs.

Causes and mechanisms

But the mere presence of microorganisms does not indicate unconditional development inflammation. In addition to a sufficient infectious dose and pathogenicity of the foreign agent, this also requires conditions from the human body. And to promote development pathological process the following conditions may occur:

Hypothermia.
General disease ( diabetes, tuberculosis, tumors, etc.).
Taking certain medications (glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants).
Radiation therapy.
Psycho-emotional stress.

These are the cases when there is a decrease in immunity tension and suppression protective forces body. In women, other factors that contribute to the penetration of infection into the bladder or changes in the mucous membrane also play an important role. These include:

Beginning of sexual activity and menstruation.
Frequent change of partners.
Failure to comply with hygiene rules.
Gynecological diseases (colpitis, vulvitis).
Menopause period.

Women in menopause experience a decrease in estrogen concentration, which provokes dry mucous membranes and a decrease in local immunity due to a decrease in the secretion of class A immunoglobulins. But the age factor has a much broader impact: the sensitivity of cells to oxidative stress increases and tissue hypoxia develops. Therefore, the risk of cervical cystitis in women after 50 years of age increases significantly.

But despite the main role of the microbial factor, cystitis can also have a non-infectious origin. Then it develops with direct impact on the wall of the bubble chemical substances, high or low temperature, ionizing radiation.

For cystitis to develop in the cervical area, a combination of several factors is almost always necessary: microbial invasion and a decrease in the body’s defenses.

Classification

Like other types of cystitis - diffuse or focal - inflammation of the bladder neck occurs in two clinical options: acute and chronic. The first, in turn, has several forms:

Catarrhal.
Hemorrhagic.
Ulcerative.
Gangrenous.

This is determined by the degree of development of the inflammatory process and the involvement of the layers of the bladder wall: from hyperemia and swelling of the mucous membrane to ulceration and gangrene. And in chronic cystitis, the processes of alteration (damage) are dominated by proliferation and sclerosis. In addition, interstitial inflammation is separately distinguished, which is of a non-infectious nature and is largely associated with metabolic or neuroendocrine disorders in the body. It should also be taken into account that inflammation of the cervix is often combined with damage to the bladder triangle - trigonitis.

Symptoms

It is possible to suspect cervical cystitis clinical picture. Extremely important information provides a survey of patients, during which it is possible to identify not only complaints, but also many risk factors for the disease. The main symptoms of inflammation of the bladder neck are dysuric disorders:

Pain in the lower abdomen.
Cutting and burning at the end of urination.
Frequent urge to go to the toilet, including at night (nocturia).
Urinary incontinence.

Urine changes its visual characteristics: color and transparency. It becomes cloudy and acquires a different shade: from dark yellow and brown to red (hemorrhagic process) and blue-green (infection with Ps. Aeruginosa). Palpation in the suprapubic area will be painful. And with severe cervical cystitis, you may also suffer general state female patients: the temperature rises, weakness and malaise develop.

The symptoms of cervical cystitis are widely known to many women - they are mainly determined by urinary disorders.

Additional diagnostics

An obligatory component of the diagnosis of cystitis, including cervical cystitis, is additional examination. Bladder inflammation can be confirmed using the following methods:

General urine analysis (leukocytes, bacteria, red blood cells, transitional epithelium, mucus).
Three-glass sample (leukocytes in all portions).
Urinalysis according to Nechiporenko (leukocytes and red blood cells in 1 ml).
Urine culture (more than 1000 CFU in 1 ml).
Determination of microflora sensitivity to antibiotics.
Ultrasound (thickening and heterogeneity of the mucous membrane).
Excretory urography.
Cystoscopy.

It should be noted that the last two instrumental studies indicated only for chronic cystitis. And in case of an acute process, cystoscopy is generally prohibited, since it provokes a worsening of the condition. Women with cystitis also need to consult a gynecologist and be examined for sexually transmitted infections.

Treatment

Inflammation of the bladder is mainly subject to conservative treatment. Apply complex therapy, aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease and suppressing the mechanisms and factors of its development. Of course, each case is considered individually in order to take into account all the characteristics of the patient’s body.

Medicines

The basis of traditional cystitis therapy is the use of medicines. They have a wide spectrum of action, and therefore allow them to influence various links in the development of pathology. Based on the examination results, the doctor draws up a treatment program, which includes the following medications:

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ortofen, Ketanov).
Antispasmodics (Riabal, No-shpa).
Antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, penicillins, macrolides).
Uroseptics (Furamag, 5-NOK).
Hemostatics (Dicinone, aminocaproic acid).
Desensitizing (Suprastin, Tavegil).

If cystitis is of non-infectious origin, then use hormonal agents(dexamethasone) and drugs that improve healing (Methyluracil). At protracted process instillations are used medicinal solutions(Collargol, Miramistin, sea buckthorn or rosehip oil, Dimexide with Hydrocortisone and Novocaine).

Any medications are taken only in accordance with medical recommendations. Self-medication is dangerous due to unwanted effects.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy helps treat chronic cervical cystitis. Their action is to increase blood flow and improve the regenerative potential of the mucous membrane. Usually, we're talking about about the following methods:

Electrophoresis.
Diadynamic currents.
Inductothermy.
Ultrasound therapy.
Rectal ultratonotherapy.
Paraffin and ozokerite applications.

But it should be remembered that physical methods can be used only after the acute process has been eliminated, because thermal and other procedures increase the activity of such inflammation.

Operation

Surgical treatment is indicated only in cases where gangrenous cystitis has developed. Then excision of necrotically altered tissues and plastic surgery of the bladder are performed. And in postoperative period, along with general medical support, local instillations of antiseptics and antibiotics are carried out.

Prevention

To prevent the development of cystitis and its exacerbation, it is important to healthy image life, avoid hypothermia and casual sexual intercourse, treat in a timely manner gynecological diseases and pyelonephritis. Women in menopause are recommended to use vaginal suppositories or estrogen cream. To prevent exacerbations, a course of uroseptics or fluoroquinolones is effective.

Cystitis, including cervical, is actual problem for many women. Timely detection of its symptoms should be the reason for extensive diagnosis. And establishing the cause of the inflammatory process is key point ensuring the adequacy and effectiveness of treatment.

The cervical type of cystitis is not familiar to everyone, since this disease is much less common than other types of inflammation of the genitourinary system. The peculiarity of the disease is clear from the name: inflammatory processes are localized in the area of the bladder neck.

The disease occurs in acute, subacute and chronic forms. Its course can be complicated by serious illnesses. That's why it's so important to go through timely diagnosis to receive adequate treatment.

Prerequisites and signs of pathology

Cervical cystitis develops after activation of foci of inflammation in urinary tract. The disease is observed to a greater extent in women, but inflammation of the cervix of the bladder and in childhood, as well as in men. The cause of the development of pathology may be local cooling of the pelvic organs.

You can assume the presence of problems if there is discomfort at the time of urination or if there is an increasing urge to empty the urinary tract.

IN normal conditions we can control this process by force of will. With cervical cystitis, control of sphincter functions becomes more difficult, urine may come out spontaneously.

Factors contributing to the occurrence of the disease:

Let us highlight the most typical symptoms for cervical cystitis:

How is cervical cystitis diagnosed?

To clarify the diagnosis, a large number of diagnostic methods are used. At initial examination palpation is used to determine the area of pain.

A swab is taken from the vagina or urethra for chemical analysis. In the cervical form of the disease, the protein components in the smear will be significantly higher than normal.

On acute stage endoscopy is not performed, as there is a risk of traumatizing the inflamed membrane and increasing pain.

During the diagnosis, they may be sent for x-rays and cystoscopy, which will help identify the presence of tumors in the cavity. X-ray diagnostics will allow you to assess the condition of the kidneys and ureters.

How to treat inflammation

Cervical cystitis of the bladder requires complex treatment. First of all, this is a complete change in the daily routine, since in the acute stage bed rest is indicated, in other cases - limitation of physical and emotional stress. Medical nutrition adjusted in individually: usually spicy, fatty, sweet, fried, and canned foods are excluded from the diet.

It is important to control water balance: It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of liquid daily. Except clean water without gas, you can use teas from medicinal herbs, cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks, which create an environment in the urine that is unfavorable for the reproduction of colonies.

Chronic cervical cystitis, developing with stagnation in the pelvis, at the medicinal level they are eliminated with immunomodulators, vitamins, and means to increase blood flow. Among additional measures– therapeutic exercises with an emphasis on the pelvic area.

If the disease is provoked pathogenic microflora, appoint:

Alternative medicine has also made its contribution to the fight against inflammation.

Herbalists suggest drinking a decoction of yarrow for cystitis of the cervix. According to the recipe, you need to take a glass of boiling water on a spoon of prepared raw materials. Drink the infusion up to four times a day, ¼ cup. Herb tea useful for any inflammation in the pelvis.

You can also prepare an infusion for douching. Chamomile, calendula, St. John's wort, and dill are suitable for it. It is better not to use warming without the consent of the doctor, since instead of pain relief, they can increase the symptoms of inflammation, even bleeding.

Features of the course of the disease are associated with the gender of the patient. Men are more likely to experience acute form, they are bothered by cutting pain in the urethra. Cervical cystitis in women does not feel so difficult to tolerate. But mild symptoms can play a cruel joke, providing patients with a chronic form of the disease.

The female version of the disease can occur after blood stagnation in the pelvis. Similar violations occur with deformation of the vagina and bending of the uterus. These changes lead to a decrease in volume and weakening of the tissues of the urinary reservoir with the gradual attachment of harmful bacteria to its walls, forming an aggressive environment.

At the first stage of infection, the patient does not feel any particular discomfort or changes in well-being.

Chronicity develops gradually, without escalations or exacerbations. Even in urine tests, laboratory assistants at this stage do not record traces of pathology until the chronic stage develops.

Pathology provokes changes in the surface of the organ: cysts, tumors, ulcers, polyps, and areas of necrosis appear on the mucous membrane. In the future, the infection can progress along ascending pathways until it damages the kidneys.

Prevention of cervical cystitis

Prevention measures are simple and accessible, the main thing is to follow them regularly and strictly.

Cervical cystitis is an unpleasant pathology, in mild form it simply causes discomfort; in the chronic stage it is impossible to get rid of it. Good results can only be obtained with a timely visit to a urologist or therapist and compliance with all his recommendations.

Learn more about the types of cystitis and treatment methods in the video.

One of the most common urological diseases is cervical cystitis. Pathology is an inflammatory process that occurs in the corresponding part of the bladder. In most cases, it is diagnosed in women due to anatomical features urinary system.

Cystitis itself does not pose a serious threat to the health and life of the patient.

Cystitis itself does not pose a serious threat to the health and life of the patient. Its symptoms, expressed in uncontrolled urination and painful sensations, cause concern. In addition, the lack of timely and proper treatment can lead to severe complications(pyelonephritis, vesicoureteral reflux).

Peculiarities

Knowledge of the anatomy of the affected organ will help to understand the origin of the disease. The bladder is shaped like an egg. The area of transition into the urinary canal narrows, forming a neck located in the lower part of the bladder. The junction with the urethra is a muscle called the sphincter. With its help, the bladder opens and closes.

Structures of the female urinary system

Inflammation of the sphincter and cervix of the organ causes cervical cystitis. The progression of the disease further leads to urinary incontinence, scarring on the walls of the bladder, painful sensations during sexual intercourse.

Causes

The causative agent is pathogenic microorganisms that can enter the bladder in various ways:

Ascending, penetrating from the rectum and vagina.
Descending, when the cause of the disease is kidney pathology.

Inflammation that occurs as a result of infection of organs located nearby is called hematogenous. There is a possibility of developing a disease due to injury, mechanical damage obtained during medical procedures.

Factors that can provoke cervical cystitis are:

Hypothermia.
Weakening the body's defenses.
Hormonal imbalances.
Oral sex.
Lack of personal hygiene.

They serve as a trigger for the onset of the disease.

Symptoms and diagnosis

Due to differences in the structure of the organs of the urinary system, a different course of the disease is determined in men and women. The former usually experience acute inflammatory processes.

The form of cervical cystitis in women is more often chronic.

The form of cervical cystitis in women is more often chronic, manifesting itself with less pronounced symptoms. They cause a delayed visit to the doctor, which occurs when incontinence is already observed. In this case, there are no other complaints, and test results are not violated.

It is possible to diagnose chronic cystitis only using the cystoscopy method, which makes it possible to detect changes in the walls of the bladder.

Basically, the symptoms of cervical cystitis do not differ from other inflammations in the bladder:

Pain in the lower abdomen, perineum. During urination, a burning sensation and pain in the urethra are added, which causes serious discomfort. The intensity of pain varies.
An increase in the frequency of urination is the main symptom of any cystitis. The urge occurs within 5–10 minutes. The amount of urine released decreases each time, since the bladder does not have time to fill. False urges occur when urination does not occur. Such symptoms violate night sleep, preventing you from getting a good night's sleep.
The composition of urine changes and appearance. It becomes cloudy, with noticeable admixtures of pus and blood, and acquires foul odor. Analysis determines high content leukocytes.
The patient’s general well-being worsens – weakness, lethargy, and fever appear.

Acute symptoms disappear within a week. Despite this, treatment must be completed to prevent the transition of cervical cystitis to chronic stage, in which unpleasant symptoms will recur from time to time.

Principles of treatment

Exacerbation of the disease requires bed rest. Treatment of cervical cystitis involves A complex approach, including:

Antibacterial therapy.
Use of painkillers.
Taking medications aimed at improving blood circulation in the pelvic organs.
Physiotherapy.
Performing a complex of therapeutic exercises.
Compliance with a diet that requires a special drinking regimen.
Using Methods traditional medicine as an adjunct to primary therapy.

For cervical cystitis, treatment is prescribed only by a doctor after the necessary examinations have been carried out.

Drug therapy

Considering the bacterial nature of the disease, it is imperative to use it in treatment antibacterial agents. They are selected after receiving test results. Antibiotics are usually prescribed wide range, which can have a detrimental effect on various flora.

Treatment of cystitis cannot be avoided without taking medications

Such drugs as Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Cefixime are widely used. From the group of penicillins - Augmentin, Amoxiclav. Effectively copes with the causative agent of the disease antibacterial drug Monural. It is taken once and has virtually no side effects.

No-shpa, Drotaverine, and Analgin are used as pain relievers.

For severe urinary incontinence, which causes particular discomfort, Detrutisol is prescribed, which prevents premature relaxation of the sphincter.

ethnoscience

Time-tested recipes are no less effective for the treatment and prevention of cystitis:

A decoction of rosehip roots. To prepare it you will need 4 tablespoons of crushed raw materials and 1 liter of water. After mixing, boil the resulting mass for 15 minutes and cool. Take before meals 4 times a day.
Infusion of dill seeds. The product is accessible because it can be found in any garden. The seeds are passed through a coffee grinder, poured boiling water at the rate of a glass of water per 1 teaspoon of raw material, and left for 1 hour. Drink daily in the morning.
Chamomile tea. Prepared with the addition of horsetail. Brew half a teaspoon of each herb for 15 minutes and drink up to three glasses per day.

Usage folk remedies possible only after consultation with a doctor

You can use traditional medicine only after consulting a doctor, strictly following all recommendations.

Diet

One of important conditions when treating a disease, follow a special diet. It involves the use of foods that have diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties. These are mainly vegetables, fruits, milk.

It is important to follow a special diet

Recommended use large quantity liquids in the form of fruit drinks, juices, compotes. All foods that irritate the walls of the bladder are excluded from the diet. Hot, smoked, salty foods, herbs, spices, alcohol, coffee and strong tea are prohibited. It is recommended to cook first courses only with vegetable broths.