The constant feeling of anxiety causes. Unreasonable Feelings of Fear: Hidden Causes and Effective Coping Methods

Many people worry about the smallest things, even if nothing major has happened. Such feelings carry nothing but anxiety, they destroy the nervous system. People who worry a lot can't live full life. They are constantly tense and feel uncomfortable. Turning to psychology, you can understand the essence of these phenomena and get rid of them.

What is the difference between fear and anxiety

Fear and anxiety, both of these phenomena may seem the same at first glance. But in reality, they don't go hand in hand. If unreasonable anxiety destroys the nervous system, then fear, on the contrary, mobilizes the forces of the body.

Imagine that a dog attacked you on the street, the feeling of fear will make you act, take any action to protect yourself. But if you just worry that the dog might attack you, then this will make you feel bad. Excessive feeling of fear also does not lead to anything good.

Feelings of anxiety can vary in degree, from mild to severe. This feeling of anxiety and fear for no reason may depend on the state of the body, on education or hereditary factors. That is why there are people who suffer from phobias, migraines, suspiciousness, etc.

The main causes of anxiety

In this state, a person has an internal conflict that gradually grows and makes him feel bad. Certain factors contribute to this. Consider the causes of fear and anxiety:

psychological trauma in past,
annoying actions,
suspiciousness of character, when a person is not sure of anything,
psychological trauma in childhood, when parents put too much pressure on the child, made excessive demands on him,
sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet,
starting life in a new place unfamiliar to man,
negative events in the past
character traits when a pessimistic attitude towards life becomes a lifestyle,
disorders in the body that destroy the endocrine system and cause hormonal failure.

The destructive effect of anxiety and fear

A person only makes things worse for himself when he constantly lives in a state of anxiety and fear. Not only his psychology suffers, but also his health. When a person experiences a constant feeling of anxiety, his heart begins to beat faster, he does not have enough air, blood pressure jumps up.

From too strong emotions, a person gets very tired, his body wears out faster. There is trembling in the limbs, he cannot sleep for a long time, there is pain in the stomach for no apparent reason. Many body systems suffer in this condition, women experience hormonal disruptions, men have disrupted work. genitourinary system. Therefore, it is necessary to know how to get rid of fear and anxiety.

Problem identification

There is no such person who would not be afraid of anything. It is important to realize how much this interferes with life. Each person has their own fears: someone is afraid to speak in public, others have problems communicating with the opposite sex, the following are simply embarrassed by their character, they do not want to show themselves too smart, stupid, etc. By acknowledging your problem, you can begin to fight it and overcome your fear.

Fighting fear and anxiety

There are many ways to get rid of anxiety and fear.

When you feel anxious, there is always tension. And if this tension is removed, then negative feelings dissipate. To stop constantly worrying, you need to learn to relax. Physical activity helps in this matter, so try to do exercises, but rather do physical activities in a team. Walking in the fresh air, jogging, breathing exercises will also help fight excessive anxiety.
Share your feelings with loved ones you trust. They will help you dispel the feeling of fear. To other people, other people's fears seem insignificant, and they will be able to convince you of this. Communication with loved ones who love you will remove the burden of problems that have squeezed you. If you do not have such people, then entrust your feelings to the diary.
Don't leave problems unresolved. Many people worry about something but do nothing to change it. Do not leave your problems as they are, start doing at least something to deal with them.
Humor helps us get rid of many problems, defuse tense situations and make us relax. Therefore, communicate with those people who make you laugh a lot. You can also just watch a comedy program, read about something funny. Anything that makes you happy can be used.
Do something that makes you happy. Take your mind off your negative thoughts and call your friends, invite them for a walk or just sit with you in a cafe. Sometimes it's enough just to play computer games, read a fascinating book, you can always find something that gives you pleasure.
Imagine more often a positive outcome of events, and not vice versa. We often worry that some business may end badly, and we imagine it in bright colors. Try to do the opposite and imagine that everything ended well. This will help you reduce your anxiety disorder.
Remove everything from your life that creates an anxiety disorder. Usually, watching the news or crime shows, which often talk about something negative, creates an even greater feeling of anxiety. So try not to watch them.

Psychological tricks to help get rid of feelings of fear

Set aside 20 minutes a day for yourself when you can completely surrender to anxiety and think about what worries you the most. You can give yourself free rein and even cry. But when the allotted time comes to an end, forbid yourself to even think about it and get down to your daily activities.

Find a quiet place in your apartment where nothing will disturb you. Sit comfortably, relax, breathe deeply. Imagine that in front of you is a burning piece of wood, from which smoke rises into the air. Imagine that this smoke is your anxiety. Watch how it rises into the sky and dissolves into it completely until the piece of wood burns out. Just observe it without trying to influence the movement of the smoke in any way.

Take up needlework. Monotonous work helps to distract from unnecessary thoughts and make life more serene.

Even if you can’t get rid of disturbing thoughts at first, over time you will learn how to do it. Most importantly, follow the advice, and you will gradually become less worried.

Getting rid of fear - advice from psychologists

Psychologists suggest using several tricks to get rid of fear.

Art therapy helps to cope with feelings of fear. Try to draw your fear, express it on paper. Then burn the leaflet with the pattern.
When you experience panic attacks, switch to something else so your feeling doesn't deepen and make you feel bad. Do something else that will absorb all your thoughts and your negative feelings will go away.
Realize the nature of your fear, put it on the shelves. Try to write down everything you feel and worry about, and then light the paper.
Breathing exercise"Inhaling strength and exhaling weakness" will help you get rid of fear. Imagine that as you inhale, courage enters your body, and as you exhale, your body gets rid of fear. You should sit up straight and be relaxed.
Walk towards your fear. If you overcome it by all means, it will help you to worry less. For example, you are afraid to communicate with someone, go and communicate with him. Or, for example, you are terribly afraid of dogs, watch them, try to pet a harmless dog. This is the most effective way to get rid of fear.
When panic and anxiety have completely taken over you, breathe deeply 10 times. During this time, your mind will have time to adapt to the surrounding reality and calm down.
Sometimes it's good to talk to yourself. In this way, your experiences will become more understandable to you. You are aware of the depth of the situation in which you find yourself. Understanding your condition will help you calm down, your heart will no longer beat so often.
Feeling angry will help you switch off your fear, so find someone who makes you feel that way.
Find something really funny, it will neutralize panic attacks instantly. You will feel much better after this.

Stop being afraid of your fears

In fact, the feeling of fear helps us overcome life's obstacles and improve our lives. Many people have done great things out of fear. Great musicians were afraid that they would remain unrecognized and composed great music, athletes were afraid of defeat and reached incredible heights, scientists and doctors made discoveries, being afraid of something.

This feeling actually mobilizes the forces of our body, makes us act actively and do great things.

You can never overcome your fear by simply letting it go indiscriminately or not paying attention to it. But you can become happier. Try to live with joy, enjoying the current moment. Do not worry too much about past mistakes and constantly dream about the future. This will help you live comfortably and enjoy what you have.

Do what you love and you will feel that you matter to other people. This will help you deal with all the fears and anxieties in your life more easily.

Inexplicable fear, tension, anxiety for no reason periodically occur in many people. An explanation for unreasonable anxiety can be chronic fatigue, constant stress, previously transferred or progressive diseases. At the same time, a person feels that he is in danger, but does not understand what is happening to him.

Why anxiety appears in the soul for no reason

Feelings of anxiety and danger are not always pathological mental states. Every adult has experienced nervous excitement and anxiety in a situation where it is not possible to cope with a problem that has arisen or in anticipation of a difficult conversation. Once these issues are resolved, the anxiety goes away. But pathological causeless fear appears regardless of external stimuli, it is not caused by real problems, but arises on its own.

Anxiety for no reason overwhelms when a person gives freedom to his own imagination: it, as a rule, paints the most terrible pictures. At these moments, a person feels helpless, emotionally and physically exhausted, in connection with this, health may be shaken, and the individual will fall ill. Depending on the symptoms (signs), there are several mental pathologies, which are inherent increased anxiety.

Panic attack

An attack of a panic attack, as a rule, overtakes a person in a crowded place ( public transport, office building, large store). Apparent reasons for the occurrence given state no, because at this moment nothing threatens the life or health of a person. Average age suffering from anxiety for no reason is 20-30 years. Statistics show that women are more likely to experience unreasonable panic.

Possible cause Unreasonable anxiety, according to doctors, can be a long-term presence of a person in a situation of a psycho-traumatic nature, but single severe stressful situations. A great influence on the predisposition to panic attacks has a heredity, a person's temperament, his personality traits and the balance of hormones. In addition, anxiety and fear for no reason often manifest themselves against the background of diseases of the internal organs of a person. Features of the feeling of panic:

Spontaneous panic. Occurs suddenly, without auxiliary circumstances.
situational panic. Appears against the background of experiences due to the onset of a traumatic situation or as a result of a person’s expectation of some kind of problem.
Conditional panic. It manifests itself under the influence of a biological or chemical stimulant (alcohol, hormonal imbalance).

The following are the most common symptoms of a panic attack:

tachycardia (rapid heartbeat);
feeling of anxiety in chest(bursting, pain inside the sternum);
"lump in the throat";
increased blood pressure;
development of VSD ( vegetative dystonia);
lack of air;
fear of death;
hot/cold flushes;
nausea, vomiting;
dizziness;
derealization;
impaired vision or hearing, coordination;
loss of consciousness;
spontaneous urination.

anxiety neurosis

This is a mental disorder and nervous system, the main symptom of which is anxiety. With the development of anxiety neurosis are diagnosed physiological symptoms, which are associated with the failure of the vegetative system. Periodically there is an increase in anxiety sometimes accompanied by panic attacks. An anxiety disorder, as a rule, develops as a result of prolonged mental overload or one severe stress. The disease has the following symptoms:

feeling of anxiety for no reason (a person is worried about trifles);
intrusive thoughts;
fear;
depression;
sleep disorders;
hypochondria;
migraine;
tachycardia;
dizziness;
nausea, digestive problems.

Not always anxiety syndrome manifests itself as an independent disease, often it accompanies depression, phobic neurosis, schizophrenia. This mental illness quickly develops into chronic view and the symptoms become permanent. Periodically, a person experiences exacerbations, in which panic attacks, irritability, tearfulness appear. A constant feeling of anxiety can turn into other forms of disorders - hypochondria, neurosis obsessive states.

hangover anxiety

When drinking alcohol, intoxication of the body occurs, all organs begin to fight this condition. First, the nervous system takes over - at this time intoxication sets in, which is characterized by mood swings. After starts hangover syndrome in which all systems fight alcohol human body. Hangover anxiety symptoms include:

dizziness;
frequent change emotions;
nausea, abdominal discomfort;
hallucinations;
jumps in blood pressure;
arrhythmia;
alternation of heat and cold;
causeless fear;
despair;
memory losses.

Depression

This disease can manifest itself in a person of any age and social group. As a rule, depression develops after some traumatic situation or stress. mental illness may be triggered by a severe experience of failure. To depressive disorder can lead to emotional upheavals: death of a loved one, divorce, serious illness. Sometimes depression appears for no reason. Scientists believe that in such cases, the causative agent is neurochemical processes - a failure metabolic process hormones that affect the emotional state of a person.

Manifestations of depression can be different. The disease may be suspected the following symptoms:

frequent feeling of anxiety for no apparent reason;
unwillingness to do the usual work (apathy);
sadness;
chronic fatigue;
decrease in self-esteem;
indifference to other people;
difficulty concentrating;
unwillingness to communicate;
difficulty in making decisions.

How to get rid of worry and anxiety

Everyone experiences anxiety and fear from time to time. If at the same time it becomes difficult for you to overcome these states or they differ in duration, which interferes with work or personal life- It is worth contacting a specialist. Signs that you should not delay going to the doctor:

you sometimes have panic attacks for no reason;
you feel an inexplicable fear;
during anxiety, he catches his breath, jumps up pressure, dizziness appears.

With medication for fear and anxiety

A doctor can prescribe a course of drug therapy to treat anxiety, get rid of a feeling of fear that occurs for no reason. However, taking drugs is most effective when combined with psychotherapy. Treatment for anxiety and fear exclusively medicines impractical. Compared to people using mixed therapy, patients who only take pills are more likely to relapse.

initial stage mental illness is usually treated with mild antidepressants. If the doctor notices a positive effect, then maintenance therapy is prescribed lasting from six months to 12 months. Types of drugs, doses and time of admission (in the morning or at night) are prescribed exclusively for each patient individually. In severe cases of the disease, pills for anxiety and fear are not suitable, so the patient is placed in a hospital where antipsychotics, antidepressants and insulin are injected.

Among the drugs that have a tranquilizing effect, but are dispensed in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription, include:

"Novo-passit". Take 1 tablet three times a day, the duration of the course of treatment for causeless anxiety is prescribed by a doctor.
"Valerian". 2 tablets are taken daily. The course is 2-3 weeks.
"Grandaxin". Drink as prescribed by a doctor, 1-2 tablets three times a day. The duration of treatment depends on the condition of the patient and clinical picture.
"Persen". The drug is taken 2-3 times a day, 2-3 tablets. Treatment of causeless anxiety, feelings of panic, anxiety, fear lasts no more than 6-8 weeks.

Through psychotherapy for anxiety disorders

An effective way to treat unreasonable anxiety and panic attacks is cognitive-behavioral therapy. It aims to transform unwanted behavior. As a rule, it is possible to cure a mental disorder in 5-20 sessions with a specialist. The doctor, after conducting diagnostic tests and passing tests by the patient, helps a person to remove negative thought patterns, irrational beliefs that fuel the emerging feeling of anxiety.

The cognitive method of psychotherapy focuses on the patient's cognition and thinking, and not just on his behavior. In therapy, a person struggles with their fears in a controlled, safe environment. Through repeated immersion in a situation that causes fear in the patient, he gains more and more control over what is happening. A direct look at the problem (fear) does not cause damage, on the contrary, feelings of anxiety and anxiety are gradually leveled.

Features of treatment

Feelings of anxiety are perfectly treatable. The same applies to fear without a reason, and to achieve positive results succeeds in a short time. Among the most efficient technician treatments for anxiety disorders include: hypnosis, sequential desensitization, confrontation, behavioral therapy, and physical rehabilitation. The specialist chooses the choice of treatment based on the type and severity of the mental disorder.

generalized anxiety disorder

If in phobias fear is associated with a specific object, then anxiety in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) captures all aspects of life. It is not as strong as during panic attacks, but is longer, and therefore more painful and more difficult to endure. This mental disorder is treated in several ways:

Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. This technique is considered the most effective for the treatment of causeless feelings of anxiety in GAD.
Exposure and prevention of reactions. The method is based on the principle of living anxiety, that is, a person completely succumbs to fear without trying to overcome it. For example, the patient tends to get nervous when someone from the family is delayed, imagining the worst that could happen (a loved one had an accident, he was overtaken heart attack). Instead of worrying, the patient should give in to panic, experience fear to the fullest. Over time, the symptom will become less intense or disappear altogether.

Panic attacks and anxiety

Treatment of anxiety that occurs without fear causes can be carried out by taking medications - tranquilizers. With their help, symptoms are quickly eliminated, including sleep disturbance, mood swings. However, such drugs have an impressive list side effects. There is another group of drugs for mental disorders such as feelings of unreasonable anxiety and panic. These funds do not belong to potent ones; they are based on healing herbs: chamomile, motherwort, birch leaves, valerian.

Drug therapy is not advanced, since psychotherapy is recognized as more effective in combating anxiety. At the appointment with a specialist, the patient finds out what exactly is happening to him, because of which the problems began (causes of fear, anxiety, panic). After the doctor selects suitable techniques treatment of mental disorder. As a rule, therapy includes drugs that eliminate the symptoms of panic attacks, anxiety (pills) and a course of psychotherapeutic treatment.

Video: how to deal with unexplained anxiety and anxiety

In the 21st century, a person is exposed to many constant stressors. Attack by negative news of the mass media, interpersonal problems, global military conflicts, easily deduce from peace of mind. Poor nutrition, ecology, complementing psychological difficulties, can cause a state of depression, depression, causeless feelings of fear, severe anxiety.

Anxiety is accompanied by symptoms:

Sudden feeling of panic anxiety, as if something is about to happen.
A constant state of discomfort, diffuse pain throughout the body, slight nausea.
An attack of unreasonable fear of death, a growing danger without a visible source of threat.
Anxiety that intensifies in the evening. Depressed, bad mood. Mental confusion, not leaving melancholy.
Obsessive fears, bad thoughts about the sudden possibility of death.
Deterioration in the morning after drinking coffee - increased tremor, excitement. Breathing becomes difficult, nauseated, there is inexplicable anxiety, panic.

Psychology, psychiatry describes the increasing phenomenon of panic attacks. Unconscious defensive reaction provoked by prolonged stressful situations, an oppressive feeling of control, defenselessness in society. Psychotherapist Walter Cannon in 1932 described the specific state of the body: "fight or flight."

The term implies the inclusion of protective mechanisms present in genes from the moment the species appears. Homo sapiens. The explainable phenomenon shows that panic attacks occur for no reason, without real threats, provoke a flight, a defensive attack.

Symptoms of causeless fear, panic attack:

The sudden attack was not provoked by anything. There is a feeling of growing anxiety, panic.
Unpleasant "excitement" in the chest, abdomen.
Impaired respiratory function: rapid, superficial can lead to DHW syndrome (hyperventilation of the lungs). The result is dizziness, faintness.
Nausea, "trembling", trembling in the whole body.

The feeling of panic is caused by the constant overexcitation of the sympathetic, nervous system, which is controlled spinal cord. The peripheral system is responsible for the physiology of the body, which is not controlled by the will of man.

Anxiety causes acute signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia:

blanching skin, coldness of the extremities, weakness, feeling of a "lump", squeezing the throat.
Tremor, internal trembling, which cannot be appeased on its own.
Hyperhidrosis - increased sweating feet, palms, or the whole body.
Cardioneurosis - unreasonable excitement provokes an abnormal heartbeat, tachycardia, a pulse rate of up to 150 beats per minute.
A common cause of panic is an irrational, obsessive fear of death, numbness of the body, tingling in the hands, feet.

The condition is caused by constantly growing negative experiences, strong stressful situations of a physical and neuro-emotional nature. At an unconscious level, the human brain begins to perceive the body as a source of danger, constantly in the mode of waiting for a threat.

At this stage of the reactionary struggle, there is an increased production of the hormone adrenaline, cortisol by the adrenal glands. They provoke unmotivated aggression, autoaggression, nervousness, rudeness. The period does not last long, followed by a depressed state of boredom, indifference, lethargy.

Regular attacks of causeless panic provoke:

Insomnia, insomnia, on the basis of causeless fear. Nightmarish dreams associated with constant anxiety, fear of falling asleep, frequent awakenings.
Constant lack of appetite, emotional apathy, anorexia, frequent irritation. Drowsiness, increased tearfulness, causeless mood swings.
Psychogenic pain in the region of the heart, which is the cause of the fear of sudden death. Headaches, dizziness.
Obsessive phobias, vague mystical fears, increased nervous excitability.
Derealization is a sudden state of blurred perception of reality. A sign of prolonged overstrain of the psyche.
Sudden panic attacks are the cause of psychosomatic illness. Feelings of anxiety provoked by bad thoughts increase blood pressure.

The causes of panic attacks are diverse, often present in a complex, rarely represented by a single factor. The prerequisites for a possible disorder of the nervous system can be observed already from childhood 7-8 years, appear more noticeable by the age of 18.

A person who has begun to perceive himself as a person falls under a complex of adverse influences that injure the psyche. In young people, the elderly, the symptoms and panic attacks proceed similarly.

The underlying causes of an attack of fear, inexplicable anxiety

Emotional deprivation: insufficiently realized psycho-emotional needs, feelings. Seen in single men and women different ages, young children from disadvantaged families. Manifested by a lack of support, acceptance. Panic syndrome is provoked by constant emotional, tactile hunger, lack of energy exchange with parents, loved ones.
Prolonged latent or untreated depression, diseases of the internal organs. Disorders of the organs of the endocrine system have a special effect on the emotional state. An imbalance of hormones secreted by the thyroid gland, adrenal glands is one of the causes of bouts of incomprehensible anxiety that rolls over feelings of panic.
Toxic, harmful interpersonal relationships according to scenarios: accusations, increased demands, manipulation. The exclusion of the opportunity to talk, to restore justice. Loss native person – frequent factor prolonged neurosis.
Hormonal changes in the body during adolescence menopause. pregnancy, early postpartum period. Seasonal lack of sunny day, autumn melancholy.
Intentionally created conditions where a person constantly feels powerless over the situation, for example, the school curriculum, emotional tyranny in the family, persecution. Prolonged stay near the source provokes panic attacks, inexplicable anxiety.

A feeling of sudden fear may arise against a background of relative emotional health, during the period when the stressor has ceased its action. The feeling of anxiety appears unexpectedly, tends to intensify negative symptoms in the human body and mind.

How to beat chronic anxiety - what to do at the very beginning?

Seek the advice of a psychotherapist.

Before prescribing therapy, the doctor must exclude diseases: diabetes, cervical osteochondrosis, Availability oncological tumors. Assign a comprehensive biochemical blood test, check the balance of trace elements, vitamins.

Do not use self-administered drugs that relieve the symptoms of a sudden panic fear, severe anxiety.

It is forbidden to drink pills without eliminating the cause. Anxiolytics, antidepressants, tranquilizers will help for a short period of time, constant use will provoke addiction. Often, after withdrawal, there is an increase in feelings of panic, constant anxiety, unjustified fear of death.

Must pass daily monitoring EKG, ultrasound of the heart.
Get rid of the diets that caused the shortage beneficial trace elements and vitamins. Prolonged veganism, vegetarianism, raw food diet, exclusion of glucose quickly leads to frequent seizures panic attacks.

A balanced diet is a paramount factor in the treatment of depression, panic attacks. The constant presence in the food of the proper combination of proteins, fats, complex carbohydrates can prevent most of the sudden anxiety conditions provoked by hunger.

Before treatment, it is necessary to undergo an examination by narrow specialists, to exclude morphological, structural diseases of the organs. The last examination is carried out by a psychiatrist. Panic attacks can only be part of another pathological psycho-complex.
Drug treatment of panic attacks is prescribed after the ineffectiveness of working on the emotional state, eliminating the source of stress.

Psychotherapist Evgeny Batrak regards panic attack syndrome as border state. At this stage, the disease did not manifest itself in full force, but the symptoms that signal violations of the nervous system are already pronounced.

How to prevent an unreasonable attack of anxiety in advance?

Prevent panic attacks by regular exercise in the fresh air. Running, swimming, any outdoor sport, breathing practices.
Self-regulation of the emotional background. Feeling suddenly that an attack is coming, you should learn to distract yourself: it hurts to pinch, stop thinking about an approaching panic attack, interrupt negative thoughts with memorized phrases from auto-training.
Physical, emotional overload, all causes panic attacks- exclude. Schedule ahead of time safe work, not disturbing, fear.
Sudden, causeless anxiety is often the cause of short sleep, work without vacation, emotional overload. You need to sleep at least 8 hours a day, with frequent stress, exhaustion of the nervous system is observed, if possible, take a long vacation.
Eliminate constant sources of anxiety, negative experiences, change jobs, or end a harmful relationship. Do not hold back emotions, find suitable way their expressions: dancing, sports, drawing. Any creative activity distracts from bad obsessive thoughts, excitement.

The state of an unbalanced nervous system returns to normal rather slowly. It is necessary to treat yourself with patience, to observe the regularity of autogenic soothing workouts, daily routine.

How to deal with a sudden anxiety attack on your own?

Provide yourself with access to a large space, fresh air. To overcome sudden panic, anxiety, helps to spread your attention around. Fixing the cause of internal anxiety exacerbates the situation.
Control depth, frequency respiratory movements. Make breathing rare, moderately deep, avoid hyperventilation. It will help dull the feeling of anxiety, reduce emotional stress.
Ask for help, or feel free to refuse it. Depending on the reasons, dealing with bouts of emotional anxiety on your own can be easier.
With a sudden night attack of panic, internal trembling, fear - urgently get up to eat, drink warm, weak tea. Sweets are optional. The process is a distraction, will gradually increase the level of glucose in the blood, reduce the feeling of anxiety.
During frequent, constant panic attacks, remove additional irritants - restless music, movies, books, TV, limit Internet use as much as possible.

A mistake in helping people who are experiencing bouts of sudden fear, panic is the immediate use of drugs that block emotions. This causes exhaustion of the nervous system, emotional insensitivity, dependence on the therapy received. Emotional lability, anxiety, suggest the exclusion of a negative irritating factor.

For two months, you can exclude viewing all potentially dangerous things, avoid situations that provoke unreasonable excitement, panic. Observe a clear regime of work and rest, eat a balanced diet in order to avoid a lack of trace elements necessary for a healthy nervous system.

Is there fear and anxiety for no reason? Yes, and in this case, you need to contact a psychiatrist or psychotherapist, because with a high degree of probability a person suffers from causeless fear and anxiety because he has an anxiety neurosis. This is a mental disorder that occurs after a strong short stress or prolonged emotional overstrain. There are two main signs: constant severe anxiety and vegetative disorders of the body - palpitations, a feeling of lack of air, dizziness, nausea, upset stools. A provoking or background factor can be drives and desires that are not fully realized and not realized in real life: homosexual or sadistic inclinations, repressed aggression, adrenaline needs. Over time, the cause of the original fear is forgotten or repressed, and fear with anxiety acquires an independent meaning.

Neurosis differs from psychosis in that neurosis always has real reason, is the response of an unbalanced psyche to a traumatic event. Psychosis, on the other hand, proceeds according to its own endogenous laws; real life has little effect on the course of the disease. Another important difference is criticism. Neurosis is always realized by a person, causes painful painful experiences and a desire to get rid of it. Psychosis changes a person's personality so much that reality becomes insignificant for him, all life takes place in a world of painful experiences.

Success in the treatment of mental illness and borderline disorders often time dependent. The result is always better if the treatment is started earlier.

In order to develop an anxiety neurosis, in which a feeling of fear and anxiety arises for no apparent reason, two factors must converge at one point:

traumatic emotional event;
insufficient psychological defense mechanism.

Psychological protection suffers if a person has a deep conflict, there is no way to get what he wants. Anxiety neurosis often affects women from 18 to 40 years old, and this is understandable. A woman is always vulnerable, because she is too dependent on the assessment of society. The most successful woman will always have a weak spot for which ill-wishers can “bite” her. Problem children, free leisure, insufficient career growth, divorces and new romances, appearance - all can serve as an impetus for the development of an anxiety neurosis.

The rapid development of society, distortions and flaws in the moral side of life lead to the fact that the postulates perceived in childhood lose their relevance, and many people lose the moral core, without which a happy life is impossible.

In recent years, the importance of biological factors. It became known that after severe stress, the brain forms new neurons that go from the prefrontal cortex to amygdala. At histological examination it was found that the composition of new neurons contains a peptide that enhances anxiety. New neurons rebuild the work of all neural networks, and human behavior will change. Added to this is a change in the level of neurotransmitters, or chemicals that carry nerve impulses.

The discovery of the morphological substrate of emotions partly explains the fact that the reaction to stress is delayed in time - a certain period is required for the formation of stable anxiety and fear.

In men, the background factor in the development of anxiety neurosis is considered functional insufficiency neurotransmitters or an insufficient amount or poor quality of substances that transport a nerve impulse. An unfavorable role can be played by endocrine disorders when the work of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland and hypothalamus, the main suppliers of hormones in the human body, is disrupted. A failure in the functioning of these systems also leads to feelings of fear, anxiety, and a decrease in mood.

In the international classifier there is no heading describing anxiety neurosis; instead, the section “” is used, denoted as F41.1. This section may be supplemented by F40.0 (Agoraphobia or fear of open spaces) and F43.22 (Mixed anxiety and depressive reaction due to adjustment disorder).

Symptoms

The first and main sign is anxiety, which is constantly present, exhausting, changing the whole habitual way of life. Such anxiety has to be constantly controlled, and this is not always possible. You need to think about the disease if deep anxiety lasts at least six months.

Anxiety is made up of the following components:

To assess the level of anxiety, you can use the Zang scale, which is designed for self-diagnosis.

The severity of anxiety is sometimes so strong that the phenomena of derealization and depersonalization join. These are states in which the surrounding loses its colors and seems unreal, and it is impossible to control one's actions. Fortunately, they are short-lived and pass quickly.

Vegetative somatic manifestations are as follows:

In all cases of initial treatment, clinical examination to distinguish neurotic or reversible disorders from somatic or bodily diseases. In a normally equipped hospital, this can take 2-3 days. This is necessary because some serious chronic diseases can begin under the mask of neurosis.

Medical treatment

It is not always used, if necessary, it is used in a short course, only at the peak of experiences. Medicines can temporarily remove anxiety, normalize sleep, but psychotherapy plays a leading role.

Start treatment with herbal preparations complex action, which is impossible to get used to. Preferred drugs that simultaneously improve sleep, reduce irritability and alleviate anxiety. These are Persen-forte, Novopassit and Nervoflux, they have a balanced composition and are completely harmless. In different proportions, they include vegetable sedatives: valerian, passionflower, motherwort, lemon balm, mint, lavender, hops, orange.

The psychiatrist may prescribe drugs of the following groups:

The doctor always prescribes these psychotropic drugs for neurosis with caution. Benzodiazepines are given in a short course, they quickly become addictive. A pronounced effect from antidepressants should be expected no earlier than 4 weeks, and the duration of the entire course of drug correction usually does not exceed 3 months. Further medicinal treatment inappropriate good improvement it won't work anymore.

If the condition does not improve significantly against the background of drug treatment, this indicates that the person has a deeper mental disorder than neurosis.

If there is a malfunction of the internal organs, drugs that affect the heart rate (beta-blockers) and digestive system(antispasmodics).

Physiotherapy

It is always useful, especially techniques aimed at removing the muscle "shell". Improving the condition of the muscles, getting rid of muscle clamps improve mental state by the mechanism of biological feedback. Physiotherapeutic methods well eliminate vegetative manifestations.

Useful massage, all water procedures, electrosleep, darsonval, electrophoresis, impulse currents low frequency, sulfide baths, paraffin baths.

Psychotherapy

The leading method of treating anxiety neurosis, in which personal problems are consistently worked out, which ultimately contributes to the acquisition of new experience and a revision of the entire human value system.

Good results are obtained by the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy, during which methods of confrontation and desensitization are used. In collaboration with a psychotherapist, the patient voices his deepest fears, parses them “by the bones”, while being completely safe. In the process of classes, destructive thought patterns and beliefs that are devoid of logic fade away.

Quite often, traditional hypnosis or its modern modifications are used. In a state of controlled relaxation, a person gets the opportunity to fully reveal their fears, immerse themselves in them and overcome them.

In large medical institutions use such a variant of group psychotherapy as sociotherapy. This method is rather a communication of interests, obtaining joint impressions. The Council of Patients can organize visits to concerts and exhibitions, excursions, during which personal fears and concerns are worked out.

Group therapy allows you to communicate with people who have similar problems. In the process of discussion, patients reveal more than in direct communication with a doctor.

Techniques that combine communication with a specialist and work with the body are successfully used. This is rebirthing or connected breathing, when there is no pause between inhalation and exhalation. Special breathing allows you to "pull to the surface" repressed experiences.

The Hakomi method reveals to the patient the meaning of his favorite postures and movements. Using powerful emotions and by appealing to the immediacy that every person has, the specialist leads the patient to an awareness of the problems.

The normal period of treatment of anxiety neurosis is at least six months, during which time you can completely get rid of it.

What is anxiety and a state of anxiety is known to almost everyone. Such sensations are a signal of the human psyche, which report that there are changes in the systems of the human body, or in its environment. Anxiety ensures the mobilization of a person's internal resources in case of danger. Therefore, in this state it is often observed muscle tension, shiver. Every system of the body is ready for extreme action.

A person who is in a state of anxiety cannot concentrate, he cannot sleep normally. He is tormented by bad premonitions, he is constantly afraid of something. Most often, such a reaction occurs to stressful situations, or other diseases. Similar state It has physical signs. Man experiencing headache, as well as pain sensation in the back, chest. The heart rhythm may be disturbed. All these phenomena are observed against the background of general fatigue and malaise.

In a normal state of mind, anxiety is necessary for a person, as it is required to face the dangers outside world. The brain begins to work more actively, allowing the body to prepare for certain actions. But if constant anxiety and anxiety are not controlled, they overwhelm the person and everyday life is changing. Anxiety disorders often occur when a person is terribly afraid of losing his job, or vice versa, he has to go through an interview with an employer in order to get the desired position.

To them are added various fears of a specific nature, there may be obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress. Similar violations are manifested in people starting from the age of fifteen. Anxiety, anxiety is a chronic problem, and if left untreated, further development of the disease is possible.

Diseases associated with anxiety

As a rule, people suffering from an increased state of anxiety have psychological problems. But there are other diseases in which patients are subject to particular anxiety. This is hypertonic disease . In this case, disturbing behavior is observed high level. It should be noted that approximately half of patients diagnosed with hypertension suffer from psychopathological disorders of the neurotic level.

Specialists distinguish such syndromes as anxiety, hypochondriasis, obsessive-phobic, depressive, and others. They are expressed in the fact that the patient is constantly in a restless state, and fears for his health, and completely unreasonably. He believes that the doctors are not saying something, and his situation is much more serious. A person constantly demands to measure his blood pressure, asks for repeated studies, and seeks treatment from psychics and healers.

How do you know if your anxiety is normal?

There are certain signs that indicate that it is time for you to see a doctor. Here are the main ones.

A person subjectively believes that the feeling of anxiety is an obstacle to normal life, does not allow him to calmly go about his business, interferes not only with work, professional activities, but also with a comfortable rest.
Anxiety can be regarded as moderate, but it lasts quite a long time, not days, but whole weeks.
Periodically, a wave of acute anxiety and anxiety rolls in, attacks are repeated with a certain stability, and spoil a person's life.
There is a constant fear that something will definitely go wrong. Failing exams, being reprimanded at work, having a cold, car breakdown, the death of a sick aunt, and so on.
It can be difficult to focus on a particular thought, and it comes with great difficulty.
There is tension in the muscles, the person becomes fussy and distracted, he cannot relax and give himself rest.
Dizzy, increased sweating, there are violations from the side gastrointestinal tract, in the mouth dries up.
Often, in an anxious state, a person becomes aggressive, everything irritates him. There are no fears, obsessive thoughts. Some fall into a deep depression.

As you can see, the list of features is quite long. But if you think that you, or someone close to you, has at least two or three symptoms, this is already a serious reason to go to the clinic and get the opinion of a doctor. It may well turn out that these are signs of the onset of a disease such as neurosis.

How is high anxiety treated?

Traditional medicine with the use of drugs copes with such emotional disorders as anxiety heightened anxiety. Treatment is carried out by a psychotherapist, and an experienced medical psychologist can also help. Usually, the course of treatment includes antidepressants and tranquilizers - it is up to the specialist to decide what exactly to prescribe, since each case is individual. But it should be noted that psychotropic drugs provide only symptomatic treatment.

This means that the primary symptom becomes less intense, but the very cause of its occurrence remains. In this regard, in practice, relapses often occur, and the anxiety state may return again, but already slightly changed. For example, a person becomes prone to obsessive fears or constantly experiences depressive states.

There are medical centers that do not use drugs in the treatment of such patients. Specialists use psychotherapeutic methods, which are also very effective in solving emotional problems, and ensure the complete recovery of the patient. Anyway, best option prescribes treatment qualified specialist. Physicians often use methods mixed type when both medications and psychotherapeutic methods of restoring a person’s mental health are used simultaneously.

How to get rid of worry and anxiety

To help himself, the patient, as prescribed by the attending physician, must reconsider his lifestyle. Usually in modern world speed decides a lot, and people try to have time to do a huge number of things, not taking into account that the day has a limited number of hours. Therefore, one of the important tasks is the need to adequately assess one's own strengths, and be sure to leave enough time for rest. Be sure to save at least one day off so that it fully lives up to its name - a day off.

It is also of great importance diet. When an anxiety condition is observed, harmful elements such as caffeine, as well as nicotine, should be abandoned. It will be beneficial to reduce the consumption of fatty and sugary foods.

You can achieve a more relaxed state by conducting sessions massage. Increased rubbing should be performed in the neck and shoulder area. With a deep massage, the patient calms down, as excess tension is removed from the muscles, which is characteristic of a state of increased anxiety.

Benefits l any sport and exercise . You can just go jogging, cycling and hiking. It is advisable to do this at least every other day, at least half an hour. You will feel your mood improve and general state, there will be confidence in their own strengths and capabilities. Anxiety caused by stress gradually disappears.

It is good if there is an opportunity to tell about your feelings to a person who will listen and understand you correctly. In addition to the doctor, this may be a close person, a family member. Every day you should analyze all the past events in which you took part. Telling this to an outside listener will put your thoughts and feelings in order.

You should reconsider your life priorities, and engage in so-called soul-searching. Try to become more disciplined, do not act thoughtlessly, spontaneously. Often a person plunges into a state of anxiety, when turmoil and confusion reign in his thoughts. In some cases, you should mentally go back and try to look at the situation from the outside, evaluate the correctness of your behavior.

As you go about your business, make a list, starting with the most urgent. Do not do several things at the same time. This scatters attention, and ultimately causes anxiety.