Nutrition one year old child directly affects its development. The lack of vitamins and elements in the diet and non-compliance with the daily routine lead to problems with the gastrointestinal tract, diseases of the joints, cardiovascular and immune systems.

For normal height and development, the child must eat well, since until the age of 5 the body is actively building and adapting to the environment.

During this period, children awaken interest in adult food, which is associated with the appearance of teeth, improvement gastrointestinal system and activation of new enzymes in it. The diet needs to be more complicated; breast milk or formula will no longer be enough.

But in the introduction of new products there is certain rules that must be adhered to. First of all, the following products are prohibited for infants:

• mushrooms;
• carbonated drinks;
• confectionery and sweets;
• products with big amount salt;
• sausage and fatty varieties meat;
• spices and seasonings;
• canned food

But there are foods that should be introduced into your baby’s diet first. The article provides a list healthy food, using which your child will grow up healthy.

Baby's feeding regimen

• If the baby is on breastfeeding, then it is better to leave 5-6 meals a day so as not to injure digestive tract, and in addition to milk, introduce other products. Or gradually transfer the baby to the adult mode - 4 times a day.
• Feeding should occur every 4 hours.
• Keep snacking between meals to a minimum. Don't give your baby cookies just to make him stop crying.

Snacks, especially sweet ones, worsen appetite and disrupt the smooth production of enzymes and intestinal motility, causing substances to be less absorbed.

• The diet should be at least 1300 kcal per day and cover 1000-1200 ml.

The most high-calorie and satisfying lunch should be a soup and a second course.

• It is important to consume animal fats, which are found in meat, fish and dairy products: cottage cheese, cheese, milk. They should be on the menu every day.
• Ready meals should be chopped, but not as finely as during complementary feeding. Leave complete pieces in the ground food.
• Instead of cow's milk, it is better to use mixtures, as in artificial feeding. Cow's milk too heavy for a one-year-old child.

Dairy

Children's yogurt, kefir

You can consume up to 200 ml per day. Make sure they are kid-grade or low-fat.

Cottage cheese

You are allowed to consume up to 70 g per day. You can eat it as fresh cottage cheese or as an ingredient in other dishes: casseroles, puddings.

Cheese

No more than 12 g per day. Served with meat, pasta or other side dishes.

At this age you can offer your child butter, spread on bread, or add it to porridge.

Meat products, fish, eggs

Meat

It should be present on the baby’s table daily in the amount of 100 g. It contains a lot healthy proteins, iron.

Use beef, veal, chicken, rabbit, turkey - types of meat that have a low fat content so as not to overload the gastrointestinal tract.

Fish

Daily in quantities of up to 40 g. These products are served in the form of cutlets, steamed meatballs.

You can give it to children a couple of times a week. They contain a lot of protein and microelements.

It should be served boiled or as an omelet in the microwave, as fried food is harmful to the child’s body.

Flour and bakery products, cereals

At 12-18 months, cereals are especially relevant:

• buckwheat;
• oatmeal;
• corn grits;

Porridge has an excellent effect on intestinal development and normalizes peristalsis.

Can be given to baby White bread, up to 100 g per day.

Pasta is allowed several times a week, in soup or as a side dish.

Fruits and vegetables

Give them in small portions and carefully monitor for an allergic reaction. Each fruit must be introduced separately.

Allowed fruits:

• cherry;
• strawberry;
• peaches;
• apricots;
• raspberries;
• tangerines;
• oranges;
• blueberry.

• Daily norm up to 250 g

You can eat them fresh after the main meal, or together with cereals, cottage cheese, yoghurts, or as an ingredient in casseroles.

Vegetables are on the same level of importance as fruits; they are also full of vitamins and minerals necessary for proper development, and they also help cells absorb protein. It is better to eat them in crushed form along with meat and fish.

Around the age of one and a half years, offer vegetables in pieces.

Vegetable or fruit juices with pulp are welcome in the diet, daily norm– 100 ml. Exceeding the norm causes allergies.

Other necessary products

Drink

Pure water. But you can give juices, unsweetened tea and fruit compotes, herbal infusions, kefir or yoghurt.

Salt

Maximum 1 g per day.

Sweets

Natural marshmallows, marshmallows, jam and honey (if there is no intolerance).

Every day your child becomes more and more mature, which means that it’s time to adapt to his new pace of life, new rules, new daily routine and, of course, new adult menu. If the baby could be fed until one year of age breast milk, mixtures, soft purees, porridges, curds and only some products from the general adult table, then already at 1.5 years the child’s diet should change. This is not even due to the fact that it is necessary, but to the fact that your child’s energy expenditure requires it. By the age of 1.5 years he became more mobile, his gastrointestinal tract works differently (able to digest solid food), the liver and pancreas are fully functioning. All these organs have reached their maturity.

If parents do not take care of their baby’s digestion, this can result in serious problems – diseases. gastrointestinal tract, slowdown in physiological growth, etc. Therefore, all that needs to be done at this stage is to pay closer attention to what the child eats and how he does it.

Calorie content of foods

A 1.5 year old child should consume total number about 1300 kcal. If the baby is already older, then his diet increases to 1600 kcal per day. Moreover, the total calorie content is distributed as follows - breakfast and lunch should be the most high-calorie, that is, each make up 25-35% of the total daily ration, afternoon snack is as light as possible and dinner is about 25%.

The amount of food consumed depends entirely on the child’s appetite. It is wrong to force a baby to eat something he doesn’t like, to blackmail him with food, games, and to put moral pressure on the child. In this case, you will only make things worse and the child will refuse to eat altogether. If you overfeed a child by force, this will certainly lead to such consequences as excess weight, lack of mobility in the baby, and as a result – health problems.

What to do if a child refuses to eat?

Does your child refuse food during the day? What to do in this case? Force him to eat or are there other methods?

So, if a child has a decreased appetite and refuses to eat all the foods that you offer him, then in this case it would not be a bad idea not to follow the established routine, but to offer the baby meals at the time he wants. For example, at 9-10 pm or vice versa - early in the morning (if the child wakes up early). Children usually enjoy eating yoghurt with cookies, dairy products, sweets, and sticks.

How to process food?

It is very important for children aged 1.5 years to 3 to process food correctly. If before your baby was 1-1.5 years old, then you probably pureed meat, fish, cereals, prepared light cutlets, meatballs, soufflés for him. You also did not give your child whole, fresh fruits and vegetables; you had to grate them or chop them in a blender.

When a child is 1.5 years old, such careful processing of products is not needed. You can already give him a hard apple, carrot, etc. The consistency of other dishes should not be liquid, but more dense. The child must learn to bite food and chew it (after all, it’s not for nothing that he got teeth).

At the age of 1.5 years to 3, fried foods appear in the child’s diet - cutlets, fish, but stewed and boiled foods should not be excluded (combine and combine them). Try to use less processed foods - cereals, purees, juices, canned food. Remember, better and healthier homemade food it cannot be in principle.

How to organize your diet?

It takes about 3-4 hours for an older child to digest food. This means that you need to eat every 3 hours. Even we're talking about not about a full meal, then at least about a snack. Of course, no one forces you, as a parent, to observe the established time limits, but, nevertheless, it will be better for the child’s health. By the way, snacks should also be healthy - fruits, yoghurts, and not sweets, cakes and pastries. If the child is 1.5 years old and has a weak appetite, then a fifth feeding is possible - morning or evening.

High-calorie foods containing large amounts of protein should prevail in the first half of the day so that it is easier for the child to digest it.

Answers to parents' questions

Can a baby have milk?

Yes, milk is very important for a 1.5-3 year old child. If we talk about a certain amount, then a baby at that age needs to receive about 600 ml of dairy products (pure milk, curds, kefir, fermented baked milk, etc.). These are the products that should be available daily. As for cheese, sour cream, cream, cottage cheese casseroles– they can be alternated daily.

How much meat can a child eat?

Protein should be in a child's diet. It promotes the synthesis of DNA (genetic information), RNA, as well as the production of calcium and nitrogen. But not all types of meat are good for a child. Thus, duck and goose meat contains a large amount of fats, which are not always well digested by the child’s stomach. Poultry, veal, turkey, and rabbit are suitable for children's diets.

What kind of fish should I give my child?

From one year and older in the child’s diet mandatory the fish should appear. The protein of this product is quite well absorbed and tolerated by the baby. It is recommended to give your baby 3-4 dishes made from fish per week. The ideal option is sea ​​fish(hake, sea ​​bass, cod). But it is not recommended to give caviar to children, as it contains a large amount of salt (if you decide to experiment, then only a little).

Can eggs cause allergic reaction?

Eggs can indeed cause a persistent allergic reaction. Therefore, use them for a child large quantities Not recommended. For children, eggs are only suitable hard-boiled or in the form of an omelet with fresh vegetables. Under no circumstances should you give eggs raw.

Regarding vegetable oil, a child over the age of 1.5 years can have 5 grams of oil and 15 grams of butter.

What kind of cereals can be eaten at the age of 1-3 years?

Buckwheat, barley, oatmeal, wheat and pearl barley. As the baby gets older, you can introduce more buckwheat. It is recommended to add vegetables and fresh fruits to porridge. The amount of cereal per day is no more than 20-25 grams.

The age of one and a half years is the time to expand the child’s diet. His digestive system improves, the number of teeth increases, which helps to chew harder foods. Mom does not need to carefully grind food, as in the first year of life. The components of the dishes can be cut into small pieces without resorting to a meat grinder or blender. A varied menu introduces the baby to new tastes and ensures the supply of valuable vitamins and microelements.

Diet of a one and a half year old child

The diet of children after one and a half years includes 5 meals. Three of them are main and two are snacks. Some kids refuse second breakfast and switch to 4 meals a day with a 4-hour break between meals. Whatever the baby’s habits, the main thing is to invite him to the table at a strictly allotted time. This will develop a food reflex and create favorable conditions to digest food.

Baby's diet after one year

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When choosing food for a child after one year, you should give preference to light dietary products. Children's menus must include porridge, light soups, fermented milk dishes, fish and meat cutlets. To season dishes you should use vegetable oil, low-fat sour cream. It is allowed to add salt, herbs, and ground pepper.

Porridge, vegetables, meat on the menu

Porridge can be served every day, at any time. The most valuable of them are oatmeal and buckwheat, which contain a lot useful microelements. Rice is well digested, but it should be limited if you are prone to constipation. Less popular corn and millet porridges are a source of silicon, calcium and phosphorus. You can also offer barley, which contains iron and potassium, and pearl barley is introduced after three years.

Vegetables and fruits can be given every day, in any form. They contain fiber, which prevents constipation and promotes easy digestion. Summer - best time for light salads. Baked vegetables and mashed potatoes are suitable as a side dish at any time of the year.

Children's menu should not only be varied, but interesting and beautiful

For cutlets and meatballs it is worth using low-fat varieties meat - turkey, beef, veal. A blender, a double boiler and a slow cooker will help you prepare it. Dishes from lean fish should be in the diet at least 2 times a week. A piece of baked fish will provide the body with important amino acids, iodine, potassium, lecithin, magnesium, and phospholipids. However, it should be remembered that fish is a strong allergen.

Eggs, dairy products and fats in the diet

Milk, fermented milk and dairy products provide children with calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, protein, vitamin D. They contain milk sugar, easily digestible acids, carbohydrates, minerals.

You can use cottage cheese to make cheesecakes, casseroles, and lazy dumplings, which your baby can try.

Chicken eggs are valued for their amino acids and lecithin. A whole egg can be given to an older child for breakfast every other day or steamed into an omelet and added to dishes. If there is an allergy to protein, it is removed from the menu. You can also try dietary quail eggs.

To kid over a year old you can give a whole egg (every other day, or half a day), and not just the yolk

Fats are oils (sunflower, olive, butter, corn) that are useful in their own way. The vitamins, minerals and fatty acid give strength and support metabolism. Daily norm butter at the age of 2 years is from 6 to 10 grams. (including adding to porridges, puddings, casseroles).

Bread, pasta and sweets

The diet of one and a half year old children may contain pasta made from durum wheat. They contain carbohydrates, vitamins B1, B9, PP, B2, calcium, phosphorus and other microelements. Up to 2 years inclusion bakery products with bran is not recommended by WHO and pediatricians, including Dr. Komarovsky. However, at 1.5 years old you can introduce your child to bread made from rye flour.

The daily intake of black bread should not exceed 10 grams. In total two year old child It is allowed to eat up to 100 grams of bread per day (70 grams of wheat and 30 grams of rye). If a child refuses bread, do not insist - porridge will completely replace it.

Sweets and chocolate should be given to the baby in very limited quantities; it is better to prefer dried fruits and biscuits (see also:)

You should not include 1.5 in your diet one year old baby sweets and confectionery. Once a week you can have marshmallows, marmalade, marshmallows, honey, biscuits and dried fruits (see also:). The daily sugar intake is 40 grams (sugar added to porridge, pies, and cottage cheese is considered).

Harmful and heavy food You should not try it from an adult table at this age. Heavy, fatty, fried foods. Mushrooms, pickled vegetables, smoked meats, seafood, and marinades should not be given. The taboo applies to concentrated juices, sparkling water, margarine and spread, and coffee.

Menu for the day at 1.5-3 years

Diverse and balanced diet– the basis for harmonious development 1.5-2 year old child. The basis of a child's diet should be foods containing protein - eggs, fish, meat, dairy products.

The daily correct set of dishes that should be given to the baby is given in the table:

Name of the dish	Age 1.5-2 years	Age 2-3 years
Breakfast
Liquid buckwheat porridge with milk	150 ml	180 ml
Steam omelette	50 g	60 g
Fruit juice	100 ml	140 ml
Dinner
Beet salad with sour cream	30 g	50 g
Vegetarian vegetable soup	50-100 ml	150 ml
Lean beef puree or pate	50 g	70 g
Boiled pasta with butter	50g	50-60 g
Dried fruits compote	70 ml	100 ml
Afternoon snack
Kefir	150 ml	180 ml
Galette or oatmeal cookies	15 g	15 g
Fruits (apple, banana, pears)	100 gr	100 gr
Dinner
Vinaigrette or fresh vegetable salad with butter	100 gr	100 gr
Fish balls	50 gr	70 gr
Mashed potatoes	60-80 gr	100 gr
Tea with milk	100 ml	100 ml
Total calories:	1300 kcal	1500 kcal

The calorie content of the daily diet is distributed evenly 30%/35%/15%/20% (breakfast/lunch/afternoon snack/dinner). Nutritionists and WHO recommend calculating calories and sticking to a similar ratio during feedings. If your child asks to eat at night, it is better to feed him kefir, low-fat yogurt or milk.

Weekly menu for children 1.5-2 years old

In order for the baby to eat with appetite, his menu should be as varied as possible.

Despite the limited time for preparing food, it is important for the mother to diversify the child’s diet as much as possible and introduce him to new tastes. This will also be additional preparation for kindergarten, where children don’t have to choose what to eat. An approximate menu for a week after 1 year and 6 months is shown in the table:

Day of the week	Type of meal	Dishes
Monday	Breakfast	Semolina porridge, wheat bread, weak tea with sugar.
	Dinner	Soup light vegetable, grated beet salad, steam cutlet, mashed potatoes, compote.
	Afternoon snack	Fruit juice, cottage cheese, bun.
	Dinner	Vegetable stew, bread, tea.
Tuesday	Breakfast	Oatmeal porridge with milk, bun, cocoa.
	Dinner	Beetroot soup, salad of grated carrots and apples, fish meatballs, barley porridge, berry juice.
	Afternoon snack	Biscuits, yoghurt.
	Dinner	Stewed potatoes with chicken fillet
Wednesday	Breakfast	Rice porridge with raisins and milk.
	Dinner	Meatball soup, cabbage-carrot salad,
	Afternoon snack	Compote, cheesecakes (more details in the article:).
	Dinner	Steamed vegetables, juice.
Thursday	Breakfast	Steam omelette, black bread, tea (we recommend reading:).
	Dinner	Vermicelli soup, fresh cucumber, millet porridge, goulash, compote.
	Afternoon snack	Diet bread, kefir.
	Dinner	Fish cutlet, mashed potatoes, compote.
Friday	Breakfast	Curd casserole, tea.
	Dinner	Rice soup, fresh tomato, stewed vegetables with meat, jelly.
	Afternoon snack	Sandwich with cheese, berry compote.
	Dinner	Bread with butter and cheese, buckwheat porridge with milk, tea.
Saturday	Breakfast	Steam omelette, cottage cheese, compote.
	Dinner	Green cabbage soup, cabbage salad, battered chicken, buckwheat porridge.
	Afternoon snack	Oatmeal cookies, fermented baked milk (see also:).
	Dinner	Vegetable stew, jelly.
Sunday	Breakfast	Lush pancakes with gravy and cocoa.
	Dinner	Soup with dumplings, fresh cucumber, pasta, beef meatballs, compote.
	Afternoon snack	Baked apple, bread and butter, tea.
	Dinner	Steamed vegetables and fish, bread, tea.

To my mother's piggy bank: healthy recipes

It is important for a mother to pay careful attention to both the selection of products for the child and their careful culinary processing. It is advisable to make cottage cheese, jelly, yogurts yourself, chopped meat, oatmeal and shortbread cookies. Finished products are not always stored in proper conditions, and manufacturers are often silent about their composition. You need to gradually master recipes for children's dishes and introduce them to your child.

Millet porridge “Kaprizka”

Millet porridge “Kaprizka”

Initially, boil viscous millet porridge, pour half a glass of cereal into a glass hot water. Then add a little sugar and salt to the pan with the millet and cook until tender, cool to 40 degrees and serve with one of the toppings:

• finely chopped dried apricots and raisins, nuts and butter;
• carrot puree (chopped carrots should first be stewed, then mixed with porridge and garnished with prunes);
• pieces of stewed fillet placed on porridge.

Tender cream of chicken soup

To prepare one serving you need to make broth by boiling 20 grams chicken fillet in 150 ml. water and adding salt, half an onion and carrots. Grind the finished meat and vegetables in a blender, adding half the broth, and grind. Separately, dry a tablespoon of flour in a frying pan, add the rest of the broth and 1 tsp. butter. Keep on fire until thickened, stirring constantly.

Mix sauce and mashed meat puree with vegetables. Cook over low heat for 10 minutes. At the same time, combine a fresh egg with 30 ml. warm boiled milk, boil until thickened in a water bath. Add the resulting mixture to the slightly cooled soup and stir. Serve with greens.

Beets stewed with prunes

Beets stewed with prunes

Grate medium-sized red beets on a coarse grater. Melt 1 teaspoon of butter in a frying pan and heat the chopped root vegetable in it. Add 50 grams of chopped prunes, salt and sugar, cover with a lid and simmer over low heat until tender. It is important to stir every 2 minutes so that the beets become tender and fragrant.

Fish stewed in milk

Prepare a good cod fillet, sprinkle with salt. Separately, chop the new potatoes, add water and cook until half cooked in a ceramic pot. Drain the water, add the chopped half of the onion and the prepared fish. Pour a glass of milk over the food and simmer over low heat for 20 minutes. Before serving, decorate with herbs.

Meat soufflé

Chicken soufflé

Grind 350 grams of good tenderloin in a blender or food processor. Continuing to beat, add a little salt, 50 g. butter, good a raw egg. Gradually pour in 0.5 cups of low-fat cream. Place the well-prepared mass in an oiled mold, which should be placed in a bowl of boiling water and placed in a preheated oven.

During baking, it is important to ensure that there is always boiling water in the bowl and add it when it evaporates. Signs of a dish being ready are an increase and compaction of the mass, its separation from the walls of the mold. Before finally removing the dish, mom should try it. You can serve the soufflé on a flat plate, adding herbs and fresh tomatoes.

Rice casserole with cottage cheese

Rice casserole with cottage cheese

Boil the fluffy rice. Add raisins, an egg beaten with a little sugar, butter and grated cottage cheese. Mix the mixture well and place on a baking sheet, previously greased with oil and covered with breadcrumbs. Brush the mixture with the previously combined egg and sour cream or pour melted butter on top. Bake for 10 minutes at medium temperature. Serve garnished with berry syrup.

Note to mom

A two-year-old baby may refuse meals prepared by his mother. New products may cause particular aversion. Dr. Komarovsky does not recommend insisting.