Oleg Lamykin This tasty and healthy life. A complete system of nutrition and cleansing of the body Dedicated to my beloved wife, who selflessly protects me and inspires all these

Exercise and Our Diet I am a big fan of exercise and its impact on health. But I don't see what's the point in wasting time without your family and friends when you spend hours on it thinking you need crazy weight loss exercises that create

Prescribing a type of therapeutic nutrition The first option: is prescribed to patients with normal body weight in the absence of pronounced disturbances in nutritional and metabolic status. A diet with a physiological content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, enriched with dietary fiber,

Nomenclature of dietary tables (developed at the Medical Nutrition Clinic of the Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences) Diet No. 1 Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the stage of fading exacerbation and compensation; chronic gastritis with

Characteristics of diets and sample menus for diseases of the cardiovascular system (developed by the Medical Nutrition Clinic of the Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences) Diet No. 10 Indications for prescribing the diet. Various diseases heart and blood vessels with mild circulatory disorders.

“Dieta” means “food system.” In Spain they say: “ Mediterranean diet is coming back into fashion." The most common advice given in Lately doctors and nutritionists to the population - to return to the basics of healthy eating. “How can this be?” – the reader will ask: “Is it really

Basic diet(1st) combines diets No. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15. Characteristic: physiological content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates; enriched with vitamins, minerals And vegetable fiber food. For diabetics, refined carbohydrates are excluded. Nitrogenous extractives are limited, salt(6-8 g per day), spicy seasonings, spinach, sorrel and smoked meats are excluded. Dishes are boiled or steamed, baked. The temperature of the dishes is not higher than 60-65°C and not lower than 15°C. Free liquid – 1.5-2 l. Diet: 4-6 times a day. Nutrient content: proteins 85-90 g, incl. animals 40-45 g; fats 70-80 g, incl. vegetable 25-30 g; carbohydrates 300-330 g, incl. mono- and disaccharides 30-40 g; calorie content 2170-2400 kcal.

Diet option with mechanical and chemical sparing (2nd) combines diets Nos. 1b, 4b, 4c, 5p (1st option). Characteristic: physiological diet enriched with vitamins and minerals with moderate restriction of irritants gastrointestinal tract. Spicy snacks, seasonings and spices are excluded. Table salt is limited (6-8 g per day). Boiled or steamed dishes, pureed. The temperature of the dishes is from 15 to 60-65°C. Diet fractional: 5-6 times a day. Nutrient content: proteins 85-90 g, incl. animals 40-45 g; fats 70-80 g, incl. vegetable 25-30 g; carbohydrates 300-330 g, incl. mono- and disaccharides 50-60 g; calorie content 2170-2480 kcal.

Diet option with increased protein (3rd) combines diets Nos. 4a, 4d, 5p (2nd option), 7c, 7d, 9b, 10b, 11. Characteristic: increased content protein, limiting easily digestible carbohydrates. For patients with diabetes mellitus and after gastric resection with dumping syndrome, sugar is excluded. Table salt (6-8 g/day), chemical and mechanical irritants of the stomach and biliary tract. Dishes in boiled, stewed, baked, mashed and unmashed form, steamed. Temperature from 15 to 65°C. Free liquid – 1.5-2 l. Diet fractional: 4-6 times a day. Nutrient content: proteins 110-120 g, incl. animals 45-50 g; fats 80-90 g, incl. vegetable - 30 g; carbohydrates 250-350 g, incl. mono- and disaccharides 30-40 g. K caloric content: 2080-2690 kcal.

Diet option with reduced protein (4th) includes diets: 7a, 7b. Characteristic: protein restriction, restriction of table salt (1.5-3 g/day) and liquid (0.8-1.0 l). Nitrogenous extractives, alcohol, cocoa, chocolate, coffee are excluded. Dishes made from sago, starch, protein-free bread, purees and mousses are introduced. Dishes are prepared without salt, boiled and steamed, the food is not crushed and is enriched with vitamins and minerals. Diet: 4-6 times a day . Nutrient content: proteins 20-60 g, incl. animals 15-30 g; fats 80-90 g, of which vegetable fats 20-30 g; carbohydrates 350-400 g, incl. mono- and disaccharides 50-100 g; calorie content 2120-2650 kcal.

Reduced calorie diet option (5th) includes diets: 8, 9a, 10c. Characteristic: caloric restriction to 1300-1600 kcal/day, mainly from fats and carbohydrates. Excluded simple sugars, animal fats, table salt (3-5 g/day), liquid (0.8-1.5 l) are limited. Includes vegetable fats and dietary fiber. Diet: 4-6 times a day. Nutrient content: proteins 70-80 g, incl. animals 40 g; fats 60-70 g, incl. vegetable 25 g; carbohydrates 130-150 g, without mono- and disaccharides; calorie content 1340-1550 kcal.

Currently, the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of August 5, 2003 “On measures to improve clinical nutrition in medical institutions of the Russian Federation” has approved a new nomenclature for treatment. diet - standard system diets, including 5 options.

The formation of variants of standard diets is carried out not according to the main nosological forms (diseases), which underlay the formation of diets (tables) as such, as described above, but in relation to mechanical and chemical sparing, the amount of protein and calorie content.

1. The main version of the standard diet, combining numbered diets Nos. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14 and 15. Indications for use: chronic gastritis in remission, gastric and duodenal ulcers in remission, chronic intestinal diseases with a predominance of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation, acute cholecystitis and acute hepatitis in the recovery stage, chronic hepatitis with mild signs of functional liver failure, chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, gout, uric acid diathesis, nephrolithiasis, hyperuricemia, phosphaturia, type 2 diabetes mellitus without concomitant overweight or obesity, cardiovascular diseases with mild circulatory disorders (hypertension, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, cerebral and peripheral vessels), acute infectious diseases , fever. condition.

2. Diet option with mechanical and chemical sparing(diets No. 16, 46, 4c, 5p). Indications for use: peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute stage, acute gastritis, chronic gastritis with high acidity in the stage of mild exacerbation, gastroesophageal reflux disease, dysfunction of the masticatory apparatus, acute pancreatitis in the stage of subsiding exacerbation, severe exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, recovery period after acute infections, after operations (not on internal organs).

3. Diet option with increased protein(high-protein diet - diets No. 4, 5, 7c, 7d, 9, 10, 11). Indications for use: condition after gastric resection after 2-4 months. about peptic ulcer in the presence of dumping syndrome, cholecystitis, hepatitis; chronic enteritis in the presence of a pronounced impairment of the functional state digestive organs, chronic pancreatitis in remission, chronic glomerulonephritis in the nephrotic version in the stage of subsiding exacerbation without impairment of nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys, diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2 without concomitant obesity and impairment of nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys, rheumatism with a low degree of process activity with a prolonged course without impairment blood circulation, pulmonary tuberculosis, suppurative processes, anemia, burn disease.

4. Diet option with a reduced amount of protein(low-protein diet - numbered diets No. 7a, 76). Indications for use: chronic glomerulonephritis with severe and moderate impairment of nitrogen excretory function of the kidneys.

5. Reduced calorie diet option(low-calorie diet - numbered diets No. 8, 9, 10c). Indications for use: various degrees of nutritional obesity in the absence of pronounced complications from the digestive system, blood circulation, as well as diseases requiring special diets; diabetes mellitus type 2 with obesity, cardiovascular diseases in the presence of excess body weight.

Along with the basic standard diet and its variants, in accordance with the profile of the medical institution, surgical diets are also provided (diet No. 0, diet for ulcer bleeding, gastric stenosis, etc.), fasting diets and special diets (potassium, magnesium diets, diets for myocardial infarction, feeding through a tube, diets for fasting-dietary therapy, vegetarian diet, etc.). The Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation provides for average daily. sets of products depending on the diet option.

Based on the importance of the nation’s health for the development and security of the country, as well as on the importance of healthy nutrition of the younger generation for the future of Russia, the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation (1998) approved the “Concept of state policy in the field of healthy nutrition of the population of the Russian Federation for the period until 2005.” . One of the priorities of this concept is the development of production related to the production of new high-tech drugs, including biologically active additives (BAA) to food. Dietary supplements are concentrates of natural or natural-identical biologically active substances intended for consumption along with food or for inclusion in food products. Supplements serve as a means of improving the body’s health, reducing morbidity, and increasing the effectiveness of medications. therapy, prolongation of active longevity, etc.